Faster access than browser!
111 relations: Adolph Joffe, Alexander Kerensky, All-Russian Central Executive Committee, April Theses, Ardahan, Armenia, Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers, Armistice of 11 November 1918, Austria-Hungary, Azerbaijan, Baltic states, Batumi, Belarus, Bialystok-Grodno District, Bolsheviks, Brest, Belarus, Bulgarian language, Caspian Sea, Central Powers, Chełm, Coal mining, Decree on Peace, Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg, Eastern Front (World War I), Emil Orlík, Erich Ludendorff, Estonia, February Revolution, Finland, First Republic of Armenia, Fraternization, George F. Kennan, Georgia (country), Georgy Lvov, German Empire, German language, German Papiermark, Grigori Sokolnikov, History of Belarus, Hungarian language, Invasion of Poland, John Wheeler-Bennett, Julian calendar, July Days, Karl Radek, Kars, Kars Oblast, Kerensky Offensive, Kingdom of Bulgaria, Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918), ..., Latvia, Leon Trotsky, Lithuania, Max Hoffmann, Mikhail Pokrovsky, Milyukov note, Mitteleuropa, Moldova, Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, Nicholas II of Russia, Nikolai Bukharin, Occupation of the Baltic states, October Revolution, Ottokar Czernin, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman Turkish language, Paramilitary, Pavel Milyukov, Peace of Riga, Peace treaty, Petrograd Soviet, Petrograd Soviet Order No. 1, Poland, Polish–Soviet War, Pravda, Prince Leopold of Bavaria, Ratification, Red Guards (Russia), Richard von Kühlmann, Russian Civil War, Russian Empire, Russian language, Russian Partition, Russian Provisional Government, Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic, Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), Sealed train, Soviet (council), Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, Soviet Union, Spring Offensive, Talaat Pasha, The New York Times, Transcaucasia, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers), Treaty of Bucharest (1918), Treaty of Rapallo (1922), Treaty of Versailles, Triple Entente, Ukraine, Ukrainian People's Republic, Ukrainian War of Independence, Ukrayinska Pravda, United Baltic Duchy, Vasil Radoslavov, Vienna Secession, Vladimir Lenin, Wilhelm Karl, Duke of Urach, Winter Palace, Winter War, World War I. Expand index (61 more) »
Adolph Joffe
Adolph Abramovich Joffe (Адо́льф Абра́мович Ио́ффе, alternative transliterations Adolf Ioffe or, rarely, Yoffe) (10 October 1883 in Simferopol – 16 November 1927 in Moscow) was a Communist revolutionary, a Bolshevik politician and a Soviet diplomat of Karaite descent.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Adolph Joffe · See more »
Alexander Kerensky
Alexander Fyodorovich Kerensky (Алекса́ндр Фёдорович Ке́ренский,; Russian: Александръ Ѳедоровичъ Керенскій; 4 May 1881 – 11 June 1970) was a Russian lawyer and revolutionary who was a key political figure in the Russian Revolution of 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Alexander Kerensky · See more »
All-Russian Central Executive Committee
The All-Russian Central Executive Committee (Vserossiysky Centralny Ispolnitelny Komitet (VTsIK)), was the highest legislative, administrative, and revising body of the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR) from 1917 until 1937.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and All-Russian Central Executive Committee · See more »
April Theses
The April Theses (Russian: апрельские тезисы, transliteration) were a series of ten directives issued by the Bolshevik leader Vladimir Lenin upon his return to Petrograd from his exile in Switzerland via Germany and Finland.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and April Theses · See more »
Ardahan
Ardahan (არტაანი, Art’aani; Արդահան, Ardahan) is a city in northeastern Turkey, near the Georgian border.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ardahan · See more »
Armenia
Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Armenia · See more »
Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers
On 15 December 1917, an armistice was signed between the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) on the one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the German Empire and the Ottoman Empire—the Central Powers—on the other.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Armistice between Russia and the Central Powers · See more »
Armistice of 11 November 1918
The Armistice of 11 November 1918 was the armistice that ended fighting on land, sea and air in World War I between the Allies and their last opponent, Germany.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Armistice of 11 November 1918 · See more »
Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Austria-Hungary · See more »
Azerbaijan
No description.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Azerbaijan · See more »
Baltic states
The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations or simply the Baltics (Balti riigid, Baltimaad, Baltijas valstis, Baltijos valstybės), is a geopolitical term used for grouping the three sovereign countries in Northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Baltic states · See more »
Batumi
Batumi (ბათუმი) is the second-largest city of Georgia, located on the coast of the Black Sea in the country's southwest.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Batumi · See more »
Belarus
Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Belarus · See more »
Bialystok-Grodno District
Bialystok-Grodno District (Verwaltungbezirk Bialystok-Grodno) was an administrative division of German-controlled territory of Ober-Ost during World War I (after the Gorlice–Tarnów Offensive).
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Bialystok-Grodno District · See more »
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists or Bolsheviki (p; derived from bol'shinstvo (большинство), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority"), were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Bolsheviks · See more »
Brest, Belarus
Brest (Брэст There is also the name "Berestye", but it is found only in the Old Russian language and Tarashkevich., Брест Brest, Берестя Berestia, בריסק Brisk), formerly Brest-Litoŭsk (Брэст-Лiтоўск) (Brest-on-the-Bug), is a city (population 340,141 in 2016) in Belarus at the border with Poland opposite the Polish city of Terespol, where the Bug and Mukhavets rivers meet.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Brest, Belarus · See more »
Bulgarian language
No description.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Bulgarian language · See more »
Caspian Sea
The Caspian Sea is the largest enclosed inland body of water on Earth by area, variously classed as the world's largest lake or a full-fledged sea.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Caspian Sea · See more »
Central Powers
The Central Powers (Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttifak Devletleri / Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit), consisting of Germany,, the Ottoman Empire and Bulgaria – hence also known as the Quadruple Alliance (Vierbund) – was one of the two main factions during World War I (1914–18).
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Central Powers · See more »
Chełm
Chełm (Kulm, Холм) is a city in eastern Poland with 63,949 inhabitants (2015).
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Chełm · See more »
Coal mining
Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Coal mining · See more »
Decree on Peace
The Decree on Peace, written by Vladimir Lenin, was passed by the Second Congress of the Soviet of Workers', Soldiers', and Peasants' Deputies on the, following the success of the October Revolution.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Decree on Peace · See more »
Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg
Adolf Friedrich Albrecht Heinrich, Duke of Mecklenburg (German: Adolf Friedrich Albrecht Heinrich, Herzog zu Mecklenburg; 10 October 1873 – 5 August 1969), was a German explorer in Africa, a colonial politician, the elected Duke of the United Baltic Duchy from 5 November to 28 November 1918, and the first president of the National Olympic Committee of West Germany (1949–1951).
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Duke Adolf Friedrich of Mecklenburg · See more »
Eastern Front (World War I)
The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (Восточный фронт, Vostochnıy front, sometimes called the Second Fatherland War or Second Patriotic War (Вторая Отечественная война, Vtoraya Otechestvennaya voyna) in Russian sources) was a theatre of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between the Russian Empire and Romania on one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on the other. It stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, included most of Eastern Europe and stretched deep into Central Europe as well. The term contrasts with "Western Front", which was being fought in Belgium and France. During 1910, Russian General Yuri Danilov developed "Plan 19" under which four armies would invade East Prussia. This plan was criticised as Austria-Hungary could be a greater threat than the German Empire. So instead of four armies invading East Prussia, the Russians planned to send two armies to East Prussia, and two Armies to defend against Austro-Hungarian forces invading from Galicia. In the opening months of the war, the Imperial Russian Army attempted an invasion of eastern Prussia in the northwestern theater, only to be beaten back by the Germans after some initial success. At the same time, in the south, they successfully invaded Galicia, defeating the Austro-Hungarian forces there. In Russian Poland, the Germans failed to take Warsaw. But by 1915, the German and Austro-Hungarian armies were on the advance, dealing the Russians heavy casualties in Galicia and in Poland, forcing it to retreat. Grand Duke Nicholas was sacked from his position as the commander-in-chief and replaced by the Tsar himself. Several offensives against the Germans in 1916 failed, including Lake Naroch Offensive and the Baranovichi Offensive. However, General Aleksei Brusilov oversaw a highly successful operation against Austria-Hungary that became known as the Brusilov Offensive, which saw the Russian Army make large gains. The Kingdom of Romania entered the war in August 1916. The Entente promised the region of Transylvania (which was part of Austria-Hungary) in return for Romanian support. The Romanian Army invaded Transylvania and had initial successes, but was forced to stop and was pushed back by the Germans and Austro-Hungarians when Bulgaria attacked them in the south. Meanwhile, a revolution occurred in Russia in February 1917 (one of the several causes being the hardships of the war). Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a Russian Provisional Government was founded, with Georgy Lvov as its first leader, who was eventually replaced by Alexander Kerensky. The newly formed Russian Republic continued to fight the war alongside Romania and the rest of the Entente until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks in October 1917. Kerensky oversaw the July Offensive, which was largely a failure and caused a collapse in the Russian Army. The new government established by the Bolsheviks signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers, taking it out of the war and making large territorial concessions. Romania was also forced to surrender and signed a similar treaty, though both of the treaties were nullified with the surrender of the Central Powers in November 1918.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Eastern Front (World War I) · See more »
Emil Orlík
Emil Orlik (July 21, 1870 – September 28, 1932) was a painter, etcher and lithographer.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Emil Orlík · See more »
Erich Ludendorff
Erich Friedrich Wilhelm Ludendorff (9 April 1865 – 20 December 1937) was a German general, the victor of the Battle of Liège and the Battle of Tannenberg.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Erich Ludendorff · See more »
Estonia
Estonia (Eesti), officially the Republic of Estonia (Eesti Vabariik), is a sovereign state in Northern Europe.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Estonia · See more »
February Revolution
The February Revolution (p), known in Soviet historiography as the February Bourgeois Democratic Revolution, was the first of two revolutions which took place in Russia in 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and February Revolution · See more »
Finland
Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Finland · See more »
First Republic of Armenia
The First Republic of Armenia, officially known at the time of its existence as the Republic of Armenia (classical Հայաստանի Հանրապետութիւն), was the first modern Armenian state since the loss of Armenian statehood in the Middle Ages.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and First Republic of Armenia · See more »
Fraternization
Fraternization (from Latin frater, brother) is "turning people into brothers" by conducting social relations with people who are actually unrelated and/or of a different class (especially those with whom one works) as if they were siblings, family members, personal friends, or lovers.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Fraternization · See more »
George F. Kennan
George Frost Kennan (February 16, 1904 – March 17, 2005) was an American diplomat and historian.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and George F. Kennan · See more »
Georgia (country)
Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Georgia (country) · See more »
Georgy Lvov
Prince Georgy Yevgenyevich Lvov (Гео́ргий Евге́ньевич Львов; 2 November 18617/8 March 1925) was a Russian statesman and the first post-imperial prime minister of Russia, from 15 March to 21 July 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Georgy Lvov · See more »
German Empire
The German Empire (Deutsches Kaiserreich, officially Deutsches Reich),Herbert Tuttle wrote in September 1881 that the term "Reich" does not literally connote an empire as has been commonly assumed by English-speaking people.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and German Empire · See more »
German language
German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and German language · See more »
German Papiermark
The name Papiermark ("paper mark", officially just Mark, sign: ℳ) is applied to the German currency from 4 August 1914 when the link between the Goldmark and gold was abandoned, due to the outbreak of World War I. In particular, the name is used for the banknotes issued during the hyperinflation in Germany of 1922 and especially 1923.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and German Papiermark · See more »
Grigori Sokolnikov
Grigori Yakovlevich Sokolnikov (born Girsh Yankelevich Brilliant; 1888–1939) was a Russian old Bolshevik revolutionary, economist, and Soviet politician.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Grigori Sokolnikov · See more »
History of Belarus
This article describes the history of Belarus.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and History of Belarus · See more »
Hungarian language
Hungarian is a Finno-Ugric language spoken in Hungary and several neighbouring countries. It is the official language of Hungary and one of the 24 official languages of the European Union. Outside Hungary it is also spoken by communities of Hungarians in the countries that today make up Slovakia, western Ukraine, central and western Romania (Transylvania and Partium), northern Serbia (Vojvodina), northern Croatia, and northern Slovenia due to the effects of the Treaty of Trianon, which resulted in many ethnic Hungarians being displaced from their homes and communities in the former territories of the Austro-Hungarian Empire. It is also spoken by Hungarian diaspora communities worldwide, especially in North America (particularly the United States). Like Finnish and Estonian, Hungarian belongs to the Uralic language family branch, its closest relatives being Mansi and Khanty.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Hungarian language · See more »
Invasion of Poland
The Invasion of Poland, known in Poland as the September Campaign (Kampania wrześniowa) or the 1939 Defensive War (Wojna obronna 1939 roku), and in Germany as the Poland Campaign (Polenfeldzug) or Fall Weiss ("Case White"), was a joint invasion of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, the Free City of Danzig, and a small Slovak contingent that marked the beginning of World War II.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Invasion of Poland · See more »
John Wheeler-Bennett
Sir John Wheeler Wheeler-Bennett (13 October 1902 in Keston, Kent – 9 December 1975 in London) was a conservative English historian of German and diplomatic history, and the official biographer of King George VI.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and John Wheeler-Bennett · See more »
Julian calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Julian calendar · See more »
July Days
The July Days refers to events that took place in Petrograd, Russia, between 3 – 7 July 1917 (Julian calendar) (16 July – 20 July, Gregorian calendar), when soldiers, sailors, and industrial workers engaged in spontaneous armed demonstrations against the Russian Provisional Government.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and July Days · See more »
Karl Radek
Karl Berngardovich Radek (31 October 1885 – 19 May 1939) was a Marxist active in the Polish and German social democratic movements before World War I and an international Communist leader in the Soviet Union after the Russian Revolution.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Karl Radek · See more »
Kars
Kars (Armenian: Կարս, less commonly known as Ղարս Ghars) is a city in northeast Turkey and the capital of Kars Province.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Kars · See more »
Kars Oblast
Kars Oblast (Карсская область, Karsskaya Oblast) was one of the oblasts of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire between 1878 and 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Kars Oblast · See more »
Kerensky Offensive
The Kerensky Offensive (Наступление Керенского), also commonly known as the July Offensive (Июльское наступление) or Galician Offensive, was the last Russian offensive in World War I. It took place in July 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Kerensky Offensive · See more »
Kingdom of Bulgaria
The Kingdom of Bulgaria (Царство България, Tsarstvo Bǎlgariya), also referred to as the Tsardom of Bulgaria and the Third Bulgarian Tsardom, was a constitutional monarchy in Eastern and Southeastern Europe, which was established on 5 October (O.S. 22 September) 1908 when the Bulgarian state was raised from a principality to a kingdom.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Kingdom of Bulgaria · See more »
Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918)
The Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Polskie), also known informally as the Regency Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Regencyjne), was a proposed puppet state of the German Empire during World War I.The Regency Kingdom has been referred to as a puppet state by Norman Davies in Europe: A history; by Jerzy Lukowski and Hubert Zawadzki in A Concise History of Poland; by Piotr J. Wroblel in Chronology of Polish History and Nation and History; and by Raymond Leslie Buell in Poland: Key to Europe ("The Polish Kingdom... was merely a pawn ").
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Kingdom of Poland (1917–1918) · See more »
Latvia
Latvia (or; Latvija), officially the Republic of Latvia (Latvijas Republika), is a sovereign state in the Baltic region of Northern Europe.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Latvia · See more »
Leon Trotsky
Leon Trotsky (born Lev Davidovich Bronstein; – 21 August 1940) was a Russian revolutionary, theorist, and Soviet politician.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Leon Trotsky · See more »
Lithuania
Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Lithuania · See more »
Max Hoffmann
Carl Adolf Maximilian Hoffmann (25 January 1869 – 8 July 1927) was a German military strategist.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Max Hoffmann · See more »
Mikhail Pokrovsky
Mikhail Nikolayevich Pokrovsky (Михаи́л Никола́евич Покро́вский, – April 10, 1932) was a Russian Marxist historian.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Mikhail Pokrovsky · See more »
Milyukov note
The Milyukov note was an incident on the 20 April 1917, one which resulted in the bolstering of support for the Bolsheviks in Russia, and a widespread mistrust of the Russian Provisional Government.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Milyukov note · See more »
Mitteleuropa
Mitteleuropa, meaning Middle Europe, is one of the German terms for Central Europe.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Mitteleuropa · See more »
Moldova
Moldova (or sometimes), officially the Republic of Moldova (Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, bordered by Romania to the west and Ukraine to the north, east, and south (by way of the disputed territory of Transnistria).
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Moldova · See more »
Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact
The Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact, also known as the Nazi–Soviet Pact,Charles Peters (2005), Five Days in Philadelphia: The Amazing "We Want Willkie!" Convention of 1940 and How It Freed FDR to Save the Western World, New York: PublicAffairs, Ch.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact · See more »
Nicholas II of Russia
Nicholas II or Nikolai II (r; 1868 – 17 July 1918), known as Saint Nicholas II of Russia in the Russian Orthodox Church, was the last Emperor of Russia, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 15 March 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Nicholas II of Russia · See more »
Nikolai Bukharin
Nikolai Ivanovich Bukharin (– 15 March 1938) was a Russian Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician and prolific author on revolutionary theory.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Nikolai Bukharin · See more »
Occupation of the Baltic states
The occupation of the Baltic states involved the military occupation of the three Baltic states—Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania—by the Soviet Union under the auspices of the 1939 Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact in June 1940 followed by their incorporation into the USSR as constituent republics in August 1940 - most Western powers never recognised this incorporation.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Occupation of the Baltic states · See more »
October Revolution
The October Revolution (p), officially known in Soviet literature as the Great October Socialist Revolution (Вели́кая Октя́брьская социалисти́ческая револю́ция), and commonly referred to as Red October, the October Uprising, the Bolshevik Revolution, or the Bolshevik Coup, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolsheviks and Vladimir Lenin that was instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and October Revolution · See more »
Ottokar Czernin
Ottokar Theobald Otto Maria Graf Czernin von und zu Chudenitz (Otakar Theobald Otto Maria hrabě Černín z Chudenic; 26 September 1872 – 4 April 1932) was an Austro-Hungarian diplomat and politician during the time of World War I, notably serving as Foreign Minister from 1916 to 1918.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ottokar Czernin · See more »
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ottoman Empire · See more »
Ottoman Turkish language
Ottoman Turkish (Osmanlı Türkçesi), or the Ottoman language (Ottoman Turkish:, lisân-ı Osmânî, also known as, Türkçe or, Türkî, "Turkish"; Osmanlıca), is the variety of the Turkish language that was used in the Ottoman Empire.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ottoman Turkish language · See more »
Paramilitary
A paramilitary is a semi-militarized force whose organizational structure, tactics, training, subculture, and (often) function are similar to those of a professional military, but which is not included as part of a state's formal armed forces.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Paramilitary · See more »
Pavel Milyukov
Pavel Nikolayevich Miliukov (p; 31 March 1943) was a Russian historian and liberal politician.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Pavel Milyukov · See more »
Peace of Riga
The Peace of Riga, also known as the Treaty of Riga (Traktat Ryski), was signed in Riga on 18 March 1921, between Poland, Soviet Russia (acting also on behalf of Soviet Belarus) and Soviet Ukraine.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Peace of Riga · See more »
Peace treaty
A peace treaty is an agreement between two or more hostile parties, usually countries or governments, which formally ends a state of war between the parties.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Peace treaty · See more »
Petrograd Soviet
The Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies (Петроградский Совет рабочих и солдатских депутатов, Petrogradskiy soviet rabochikh i soldatskikh deputatov) was a city council of Petrograd (Saint Petersburg), the capital of the Russian Empire.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Petrograd Soviet · See more »
Petrograd Soviet Order No. 1
Soviet Order Number 1 was issued March 14, 1917 and was the first official decree of The Petrograd Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Petrograd Soviet Order No. 1 · See more »
Poland
Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Poland · See more »
Polish–Soviet War
The Polish–Soviet War (February 1919 – March 1921) was fought by the Second Polish Republic, Ukrainian People's Republic and the proto-Soviet Union (Soviet Russia and Soviet Ukraine) for control of an area equivalent to today's western Ukraine and parts of modern Belarus.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Polish–Soviet War · See more »
Pravda
Pravda (a, "Truth") is a Russian broadsheet newspaper, formerly the official newspaper of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, when it was one of the most influential papers in the country with a circulation of 11 million.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Pravda · See more »
Prince Leopold of Bavaria
Leopold Maximilian Joseph Maria Arnulf, Prinz von Bayern (9 February 1846 – 28 September 1930) was born in Munich, the son of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria (1821–1912) and his wife Archduchess Augusta of Austria (1825–1864).
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Prince Leopold of Bavaria · See more »
Ratification
Ratification is a principal's approval of an act of its agent that lacked the authority to bind the principal legally.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ratification · See more »
Red Guards (Russia)
Red Guards (Красная гвардия) were paramilitary volunteer formations consisting mainly of factory workers, peasants, cossacks and partially of soldiers and sailors for "protection of the soviet power".
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Red Guards (Russia) · See more »
Richard von Kühlmann
Richard von Kühlmann (3 May 1873 – 16 February 1948) was a German diplomat and industrialist.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Richard von Kühlmann · See more »
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War (Grazhdanskaya voyna v Rossiyi; November 1917 – October 1922) was a multi-party war in the former Russian Empire immediately after the Russian Revolutions of 1917, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Russian Civil War · See more »
Russian Empire
The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Russian Empire · See more »
Russian language
Russian (rússkiy yazýk) is an East Slavic language, which is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely spoken throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Russian language · See more »
Russian Partition
The Russian Partition (sometimes called Russian Poland) constituted the former territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that were invaded by the Russian Empire in the course of late-18th-century Partitions of Poland.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Russian Partition · See more »
Russian Provisional Government
The Russian Provisional Government (Vremennoye pravitel'stvo Rossii) was a provisional government of Russia established immediately following the abdication of Tsar Nicholas II of the Russian Empire on 2 March 1917.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Russian Provisional Government · See more »
Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR; Ru-Российская Советская Федеративная Социалистическая Республика.ogg), also unofficially known as the Russian Federation, Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I or Russia (rɐˈsʲijə; from the Ρωσία Rōsía — Rus'), was an independent state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest, most populous, and most economically developed union republic of the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1991 and then a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic · See more »
Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)
The Russo-Turkish War of 1877–78 (lit, named for the year 1293 in the Islamic calendar; Руско-турска Освободителна война, Russian-Turkish Liberation war) was a conflict between the Ottoman Empire and the Eastern Orthodox coalition led by the Russian Empire and composed of Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878) · See more »
Sealed train
A sealed train is one that travels internationally under customs and/or immigration seal, without its contents legally recognized as entering or leaving the nations traversed between the beginning and end of the journey or subject to any otherwise applicable taxes.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Sealed train · See more »
Soviet (council)
Soviets (singular: soviet; sovét,, literally "council" in English) were political organizations and governmental bodies, primarily associated with the Russian Revolutions and the history of the Soviet Union, and which gave the name to the latter state.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Soviet (council) · See more »
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
The Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina was the military occupation, by the Soviet Red Army, during June 28 – July 4, 1940, of the Romanian regions of Northern Bukovina and Hertza, and of Bessarabia, a region under Romanian administration since Russian Civil War times.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina · See more »
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Soviet Union · See more »
Spring Offensive
The 1918 Spring Offensive, or Kaiserschlacht (Kaiser's Battle), also known as the Ludendorff Offensive, was a series of German attacks along the Western Front during the First World War, beginning on 21 March 1918, which marked the deepest advances by either side since 1914.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Spring Offensive · See more »
Talaat Pasha
Mehmed Talaat (محمد طلعت; Mehmet Talât; 10 April 1874 – 15 March 1921), commonly known as Talaat Pasha (طلعت پاشا; Talât Paşa), was one of the triumvirate known as the Three Pashas that de facto ruled the Ottoman Empire during the First World War.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Talaat Pasha · See more »
The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and The New York Times · See more »
Transcaucasia
Transcaucasia (Закавказье), or the South Caucasus, is a geographical region in the vicinity of the southern Caucasus Mountains on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Transcaucasia · See more »
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers)
The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between the Russian SFSR and the Central Powers, but prior to that on 9 February 1918, the Central Powers signed an exclusive protectorate treaty (Brotfrieden, "peace for bread") with the Ukrainian People's Republic as part of the negotiations that took place in Brest-Litovsk, Grodno Governorate (now Brest, Belarus) recognizing the sovereignty of the Ukrainian republic.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Ukraine–Central Powers) · See more »
Treaty of Bucharest (1918)
The Treaty of Bucharest was a peace treaty between Romania on one side and the Central Powers on the other, following the stalemate reached after the campaign of 1916–17 and Romania's isolation after Russia's unilateral exit from World War I (see Treaty of Brest-Litovsk).
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Treaty of Bucharest (1918) · See more »
Treaty of Rapallo (1922)
The Treaty of Rapallo was an agreement signed on 16 April 1922 between Germany and the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR) under which each renounced all territorial and financial claims against the other following the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and World War I. The two governments also agreed to normalise their diplomatic relations and to "co-operate in a spirit of mutual goodwill in meeting the economic needs of both countries".
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Treaty of Rapallo (1922) · See more »
Treaty of Versailles
The Treaty of Versailles (Traité de Versailles) was the most important of the peace treaties that brought World War I to an end.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Treaty of Versailles · See more »
Triple Entente
The Triple Entente (from French entente "friendship, understanding, agreement") refers to the understanding linking the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland after the signing of the Anglo-Russian Entente on 31 August 1907.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Triple Entente · See more »
Ukraine
Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ukraine · See more »
Ukrainian People's Republic
The Ukrainian People's Republic, or Ukrainian National Republic (abbreviated to УНР), was a predecessor of modern Ukraine declared on 10 June 1917 following the Russian Revolution.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ukrainian People's Republic · See more »
Ukrainian War of Independence
The Ukrainian War of Independence was a period of sustained warlike conflict lasting from 1917 to 1921, which resulted in the establishment and development of a Ukrainian republic, later a part of the Soviet Union as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ukrainian War of Independence · See more »
Ukrayinska Pravda
Ukrayinska Pravda (Українська правда, literally Ukrainian Truth) is a popular Ukrainian Internet newspaper, founded by Georgiy R. Gongadze in April, 2000 (the day of the Ukrainian constitutional referendum).
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Ukrayinska Pravda · See more »
United Baltic Duchy
The proposed United Baltic Duchy, (Vereinigtes Baltisches Herzogtum, Balti Hertsogiriik, Apvienotā Baltijas hercogiste) also known as the Grand Duchy of Livonia, was a state proposed by the Baltic German nobility and exiled Russian nobility after the Russian Revolution and German occupation of the Courland, Livonian, and Estonian governorates of the Russian Empire.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and United Baltic Duchy · See more »
Vasil Radoslavov
Vasil Hristov Radoslavov (Васил Христов Радославов) (27 July 1854 – 21 October 1929) was a leading Bulgarian liberal politician who twice served as Prime Minister.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Vasil Radoslavov · See more »
Vienna Secession
The Vienna Secession (Wiener Secession; also known as the Union of Austrian Artists, or Vereinigung Bildender Künstler Österreichs) was an art movement formed in 1897 by a group of Austrian artists who had resigned from the Association of Austrian Artists, housed in the Vienna Künstlerhaus.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Vienna Secession · See more »
Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov, better known by the alias Lenin (22 April 1870According to the new style calendar (modern Gregorian), Lenin was born on 22 April 1870. According to the old style (Old Julian) calendar used in the Russian Empire at the time, it was 10 April 1870. Russia converted from the old to the new style calendar in 1918, under Lenin's administration. – 21 January 1924), was a Russian communist revolutionary, politician and political theorist.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Vladimir Lenin · See more »
Wilhelm Karl, Duke of Urach
Prince Wilhelm of Urach, Count of Württemberg, 2nd Duke of Urach (Wilhelm Karl Florestan Gero Crescentius; German Fürst Wilhelm von Urach, Graf von Württemberg, 2. Herzog von Urach; 30 May 1864 – 24 March 1928), was a German prince who was elected in June 1918 as King of Lithuania, with the regnal name of Mindaugas II.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Wilhelm Karl, Duke of Urach · See more »
Winter Palace
The Winter Palace (p, Zimnij dvorets) in Saint Petersburg, Russia, was, from 1732 to 1917, the official residence of the Russian monarchs.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Winter Palace · See more »
Winter War
The Winter War was a military conflict between the Soviet Union (USSR) and Finland.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and Winter War · See more »
World War I
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.
New!!: Treaty of Brest-Litovsk and World War I · See more »
Redirects here:
Brest Peace Treaty, Brest-Litovsk Peace, Brest-Litovsk Peace Treaty, Brest-Litovsk Treaty, Brest-Litovsk conference, Brest-Litovsk treaty, Peace Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Peace of Brest-Litovsk, Treaties of Brest-Litovsk, Treaty Of Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of Brest, Treaty of Brest Litovsk, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Russia-Central Powers), Treaty of Brest-Litovsk (Russia–Central Powers), Treaty of Brest-Litowsk, Treaty of Brest-litovsk, Treaty of Brest-litvosk, Treaty of brest-litovsk.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Treaty_of_Brest-Litovsk
