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235 relations: Alas, Babylon, Altanbulag, Selenge, Amban, American School of Ulaanbaatar, Ankara, Aomori, Aomori, Apostolic Prefecture of Ulaanbaatar, Architecture of Mongolia, Artificial Lake Castle, Asashōryū Akinori, Asian Network of Major Cities 21, Astrology, Avalokiteśvara, Övörkhangai Province, Bagakhangai, Baganuur, Baghatur, Bangkok, Bayangol, Ulaanbaatar, Bayanzürkh, Bürd, Övörkhangai, Beijing, Birch, Bishkek, Bogd Khan, Bogd Khan Mountain, Boroo Gold Mine, British Library, Buddhism, Buddhism in Mongolia, Buddhist monasticism, Capital city, Chingeltei, Chinggis Khaan International Airport, Choijin Lama Temple, Chongqing, Church of the East, Cinnabon, Civil Will–Green Party, Colombo, Communist International, Community of Democracies, Crescenzio Sepe, Damdin Sükhbaatar, Düürgüüd of Mongolia, Deciduous, Delhi, Democratic Party (Mongolia), Denver, Dulduityn Danzanravjaa, ..., Dzungar Khanate, Elm, Emblem, Episcopal see, Erenhot, Financial crisis of 2007–2008, Flag of Mongolia, Gandantegchinlen Monastery, Garuda, Genghis Khan, Genghis Khan Equestrian Statue, Ger district, Glasnost, Global city, Gold Coast, Queensland, Gorkhi-Terelj National Park, Greenland, Hakuhō Shō, Han Chinese, Hanoi, Hardiness zone, Harumafuji Kōhei, Henry A. Wallace, Hinduism, Hohhot, Hong Kong, Hong Kong Observatory, Human Development Index, Humid continental climate, Inner Mongolia, International School of Ulaanbaatar, Internet culture, Irkutsk, ISO 3166-2, Istanbul, Jakarta, Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, Jining District, John Bell (traveller), Karakorum, Köppen climate classification, Kempinski, Keraites, KFC, Khan (title), Khan Uul, Khorloogiin Choibalsan, Khoroo, Khustain Nuruu National Park, Krasnoyarsk, Kublai Khan, Kyakhta, Kyakhta trade, Leeds, List of cities in Mongolia, List of historical cities and towns of Mongolia, Lonely Planet, Louis Vuitton, Lower Paleolithic, Mammoth, Manchu people, Manjusri Monastery, Marco Polo, Marzan Sharav, Medicine, Mongol Empire, Mongolia, Mongolia (1911–24), Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet, Mongolian Latin alphabet, Mongolian legislative election, 2008, Mongolian literature, Mongolian National University, Mongolian People's Party, Mongolian People's Republic, Mongolian Republican Party, Mongolian Revolution of 1990, Mongolian script, Mongolian State University of Agriculture, Mongolian State University of Education, Mongolian tögrög, Mongolian Theatre Museum, Mongolian University of Science and Technology, Monsoon, Morin khuur, Moscow, Most (Most District), Mungonzazal Janshindulam, Munich, Naadam, Nalaikh, Nambaryn Enkhbayar, Namyangju, Narodakini, National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet of Mongolia, National Library of Mongolia, National Museum of Mongolia, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Sports Stadium (Mongolia), National University of Mongolia, Nelumbo, New Ulaanbaatar International Airport, Nicholas II of Russia, Nikolay Przhevalsky, Nomadic empire, Nuuk, Orkhon River, Orléans, Particulates, Peace Bridge (Mongolia), Perestroika, Permafrost, Poetry, Populus, Praise of Bogdiin Khuree, Precipitation, Prester John, Provinces of Mongolia, Przewalski's horse, Public library, Publishing, Qianlong Emperor, Qing dynasty, Rail transport in China, Ramada, Roman von Ungern-Sternberg, Round Table Pizza, Saint Petersburg, Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral (Ulaanbaatar), San Francisco, Sando (official), Sanjaasürengiin Zorig, Sapporo, Sükhbaatar (district), Sükhbaatar Square, Sükhbaataryn Batbold, Sea level, Seattle, Selenga River, Semi-arid climate, Seoul, Siberian High, Sister city, Socialist realism, Songino Khairkhan, Soyombo symbol, Stalinist repressions in Mongolia, State Great Khural, Steppe, Subarctic climate, Taipei, Tangut people, Töv Province, The Guardian, Theatre, Theology, Toghrul, Tokyo, Trans-Mongolian Railway, Trans-Siberian Railway, Treaty of Kyakhta (1727), Tributary, Trolleybuses in Ulaanbaatar, Turar Ryskulov, Tuul River, Ugsarmal bair, Ulaanbaatar Metro, Ulan-Ude, University of Finance and Economics, University of the Humanities, Urban planning, Vice President of the United States, Vienna, White movement, Willow, Winter Palace of the Bogd Khan, Woolly rhinoceros, World Health Organization, Xiongnu, Xu Shuzheng, Yurt, Zaisan Memorial, Zamyn-Üüd, Zanabazar, Zorig Foundation. Expand index (185 more) »
Alas, Babylon
Alas, Babylon is a 1959 novel by American writer Pat Frank (the pen name of Harry Hart Frank) It was one of the first apocalyptic novels of the nuclear age and has remained popular more than half century after it was first published, consistently ranking in Amazon.com's Top 20 Science Fiction Short Stories list (which groups together short story collections and novels) and has an entry in David Pringle's book Science Fiction: The 100 Best Novels.
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Altanbulag, Selenge
Altanbulag (Алтанбулаг, "golden spring") is a sum (district) of Selenge Province in northern Mongolia.
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Amban
Amban (Manchu:Amban, Mongol: Амбан, Tibetan:ཨམ་བན་am ben, Uighur:ئامبان་am ben) is a Manchu language word meaning "high official," which corresponds to a number of different official titles in the Qing imperial government.
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American School of Ulaanbaatar
The in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia is a private international school, which offers an educational program from Pre-kindergarten to Grade 12 for students of all nationalities.
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Ankara
Ankara (English; Turkish Ottoman Turkish Engürü), formerly known as Ancyra (Ἄγκυρα, Ankyra, "anchor") and Angora, is the capital of the Republic of Turkey.
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Aomori, Aomori
is the capital city of Aomori Prefecture, in the northern Tōhoku region of northern Japan.
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Apostolic Prefecture of Ulaanbaatar
The Apostolic Prefecture of Ulaanbaatar (Praefectura Apostolica Ulaanbaatarensis) is a Roman Catholic Latin apostolic prefecture (pre-diocesan missionary jurisdiction) located in (Outer) Mongolia, with its territory consisting of the entire country.
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Architecture of Mongolia
The architecture of Mongolia is largely based on traditional dwellings, such as the yurt (гэр, ger) and the tent.
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Artificial Lake Castle
The Artificial Lake Castle was built in 1969, when the National Amusement Park was established in the centre of the Mongolian capital Ulaanbaatar.
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Asashōryū Akinori
is a Mongolian former sumo wrestler (rikishi).
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Asian Network of Major Cities 21
Asian Network of Major Cities 21 is a body representing the interests of several of Asia's largest capital cities around common themes of importance, including urban planning, sustainability and crisis management.
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Astrology
Astrology is the study of the movements and relative positions of celestial objects as a means for divining information about human affairs and terrestrial events.
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Avalokiteśvara
Avalokiteśvara (अवलोकितेश्वर) is a bodhisattva who embodies the compassion of all Buddhas.
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Övörkhangai Province
Övörkhangai (Өвөрхангай, Öwörhangai; "southern Khangai") is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia, located in the south of the country.
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Bagakhangai
Bagakhangai (Багахангай, small wooded area) is one of nine düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar.
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Baganuur
Baganuur (Багануур,, Little Lake) is one of nine düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar.
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Baghatur
Baghatur (ᠪᠠᠭᠠᠲᠦᠷ Baγatur, Khalkha Mongolian: Баатар Bātar; Bağatur, Batur, Bahadır; Bogatyr) is a historical Turco-Mongol honorific title, in origin a term for "hero" or "valiant warrior".
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Bangkok
Bangkok is the capital and most populous city of the Kingdom of Thailand.
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Bayangol, Ulaanbaatar
Bayangol (Баянгол. rich river) is one of nine Düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital Ulaanbaatar.
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Bayanzürkh
Bayanzürkh (rich heart) is one of nine Düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar.
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Bürd, Övörkhangai
Bürd (Бүрд) is a sum (district) of Övörkhangai Province in southern Mongolia.
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Beijing
Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.
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Birch
A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams.
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Bishkek
Bishkek (Бишке́к, BISHKEK, بىشکەک;; bʲɪʂˈkʲɛk), formerly Pishpek and Frunze, is the capital and largest city of Kyrgyzstan (Kyrgyz Republic).
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Bogd Khan
The Bogd Khan (Богд хаан; 1869–1924) was enthroned as Khagan of Mongolia (Bogd Khaganate) on 29 December 1911, when Outer Mongolia declared independence from the Qing dynasty after the Xinhai Revolution.
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Bogd Khan Mountain
The Bogd Khan Mountain (Mongolian: Богд хан уул, lit. "Saint Khan Mountain") is a mountain in Mongolia that overlooks the nation's capital, Ulaanbaatar, from a height of 3000 feet (914 m) above and to the south of the city.
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Boroo Gold Mine
Boroo Gold Mine is an open-pit gold mining site in Mongolia located about 110 km (70 mi) west-northwest of the capital Ulaanbaatar in Bayangol and Mandal sums (districts) of Selenge Province in northern Mongolia.
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British Library
The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and the largest national library in the world by number of items catalogued.
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Buddhism
Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.
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Buddhism in Mongolia
Buddhism in Mongolia derives much of its recent characteristics from Tibetan Buddhism of the Gelug and Kagyu lineages, but is distinct and presents its own unique characteristics.
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Buddhist monasticism
Buddhist monasticism is one of the earliest surviving forms of organized monasticism in the history of religion.
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Capital city
A capital city (or simply capital) is the municipality exercising primary status in a country, state, province, or other administrative region, usually as its seat of government.
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Chingeltei
Chingeltei is one of nine Düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital Ulaanbaatar.
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Chinggis Khaan International Airport
Chinggis Khaan International Airport (Чингис хаан олон улсын нисэх буудал, Çingis hán olon ulsîn niseh búdal) is the international airport serving Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, situated southwest of the capital.
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Choijin Lama Temple
The Choijin Lama Temple (Чойжин ламын сүм; Official name given by Manchu Qing Emperor Guangxu (1871 – 1908): Mongolian: Өршөөлийг хөгжүүлэгч сүм; English; Compassion Perfection Temple, Chinese:興仁寺) is a Buddhist monastery in Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia.
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Chongqing
Chongqing, formerly romanized as Chungking, is a major city in southwest China.
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Church of the East
The Church of the East (ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ Ēdṯāʾ d-Maḏenḥā), also known as the Nestorian Church, was an Eastern Christian Church with independent hierarchy from the Nestorian Schism (431–544), while tracing its history to the late 1st century AD in Assyria, then the satrapy of Assuristan in the Parthian Empire.
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Cinnabon
Cinnabon is an American chain of baked goods stores and kiosks, normally found in areas with high pedestrian traffic such as malls, airports and rest stops.
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Civil Will–Green Party
The Civil Will–Green Party (Иргэний Зориг–Ногоон Нам, Irgenii Zorig–Nogoon Nam) is a political party in Mongolia.
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Colombo
Colombo (translit,; translit) is the commercial capital and largest city of Sri Lanka.
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Communist International
The Communist International (Comintern), known also as the Third International (1919–1943), was an international communist organization that advocated world communism.
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Community of Democracies
The Community of Democracies (CD) is an intergovernmental coalition of states established in 2000 to bring together governments, civil society and the private sector in the pursuit of the common goal of supporting democratic rules and strengthening democratic norms and institutions around the world.
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Crescenzio Sepe
Crescenzio Sepe (born 2 June 1943) is an Italian Cardinal and Archbishop of Naples.
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Damdin Sükhbaatar
Damdinii Sükhbaatar (Дамдины Сүхбаатар; February 2, 1893 – February 20, 1923) was a founding member of the Mongolian People's Party and leader of the Mongolian partisan army that liberated Khüree during the Outer Mongolian Revolution of 1921.
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Düürgüüd of Mongolia
A düüreg (дүүрэг) is a municipal district in the capital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar.
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Deciduous
In the fields of horticulture and botany, the term deciduous (/dɪˈsɪdʒuəs/) means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, after flowering; and to the shedding of ripe fruit.
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Delhi
Delhi (Dilli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and a union territory of India.
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Democratic Party (Mongolia)
The Democratic Party (Ардчилсан Нам, Ardchilsan Nam; abbreivated DP) is a centre-right political party in Mongolia.
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Denver
Denver, officially the City and County of Denver, is the capital and most populous municipality of the U.S. state of Colorado.
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Dulduityn Danzanravjaa
Dulduityn Danzanravjaa (1803–1856, Дулдуйтын Данзанравжаа) was a prominent Mongolian writer, composer, painter, Buddhist scholar, physician and was the Fifth Noyon Khutagt, the Lama of the Gobi.
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Dzungar Khanate
The Dzungar Khanate, also written as the Zunghar Khanate, was an Oirat khanate on the Eurasian Steppe.
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Elm
Elms are deciduous and semi-deciduous trees comprising the flowering plant genus Ulmus in the plant family Ulmaceae.
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Emblem
An emblem is an abstract or representational pictorial image that represents a concept, like a moral truth, or an allegory, or a person, like a king or saint.
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Episcopal see
The seat or cathedra of the Bishop of Rome in the Basilica of San Giovanni in Laterano An episcopal see is, in the usual meaning of the phrase, the area of a bishop's ecclesiastical jurisdiction.
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Erenhot
Erenhot (ᠡᠷᠢᠶᠡᠡ ᠬᠣᠲᠠ Эрээн хот;, commonly shortened to Ereen or Erlian) is a county-level city of the Xilin Gol League, in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, located in the Gobi Desert along the Sino-Mongolian border, across from the Mongolian town of Zamyn-Üüd.
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Financial crisis of 2007–2008
The financial crisis of 2007–2008, also known as the global financial crisis and the 2008 financial crisis, is considered by many economists to have been the worst financial crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s.
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Flag of Mongolia
The flag of Mongolia (State flag of Mongolia) is a vertical tricolour with two reds at in sides and a blue in the middle, with the Soyombo symbol defacing the left red stripe.
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Gandantegchinlen Monastery
The Gandantegchinlen Monastery (Гандантэгчинлэн хийд, Gandantegchinlen khiid, short name: Gandan Гандан) is a Mongolian Buddhist monastery in the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar that has been restored and revitalized since 1990.
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Garuda
The Garuda is a legendary bird or bird-like creature in Hindu, Buddhist and Jain mythology.
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Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan or Temüjin Borjigin (Чингис хаан, Çingis hán) (also transliterated as Chinggis Khaan; born Temüjin, c. 1162 August 18, 1227) was the founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death.
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Genghis Khan Equestrian Statue
The Genghis Khan Equestrian Statue, part of the Genghis Khan Statue Complex is a tall statue of Genghis Khan on horseback, on the bank of the Tuul River at Tsonjin Boldog (54 km (33.55 mi) east of the Mongolian capital Ulaanbaatar), where according to legend, he found a golden whip.
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Ger district
A ger district (гэр хороолол, ger khoroolol) is a form of residential district in Mongolian settlements.
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Glasnost
In the Russian language the word glasnost (гла́сность) has several general and specific meanings.
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Global city
A global city, also called world city or sometimes alpha city or world center, is a city which is a primary node in the global economic network.
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Gold Coast, Queensland
The Gold Coast is a coastal city in the Australian state of Queensland, approximately south-southeast of the state capital Brisbane and immediately north of the border with New South Wales.
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Gorkhi-Terelj National Park
Gorkhi-Terelj National Park (Горхи-Тэрэлж, creek-rhododendron) is one of the national parks of Mongolia.
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Greenland
Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat,; Grønland) is an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
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Hakuhō Shō
is a professional sumo wrestler (rikishi) from Ulaanbataar, Mongolia.
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Han Chinese
The Han Chinese,.
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Hanoi
Hanoi (or; Hà Nội)) is the capital of Vietnam and the country's second largest city by population. The population in 2015 was estimated at 7.7 million people. The city lies on the right bank of the Red River. Hanoi is north of Ho Chi Minh City and west of Hai Phong city. From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam. It was eclipsed by Huế, the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguyễn Dynasty (1802–1945). In 1873 Hanoi was conquered by the French. From 1883 to 1945, the city was the administrative center of the colony of French Indochina. The French built a modern administrative city south of Old Hanoi, creating broad, perpendicular tree-lined avenues of opera, churches, public buildings, and luxury villas, but they also destroyed large parts of the city, shedding or reducing the size of lakes and canals, while also clearing out various imperial palaces and citadels. From 1940 to 1945 Hanoi, as well as the largest part of French Indochina and Southeast Asia, was occupied by the Japanese. On September 2, 1945, Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam). The Vietnamese National Assembly under Ho Chi Minh decided on January 6, 1946, to make Hanoi the capital of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam, and it became the capital of a reunified Vietnam in 1976, after the North's victory in the Vietnam War. October 2010 officially marked 1,000 years since the establishment of the city. The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion.
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Hardiness zone
A hardiness zone is a geographic area defined to encompass a certain range of climatic conditions relevant to plant growth and survival.
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Harumafuji Kōhei
, previously known as Ama Kōhei, is a retired sumo wrestler.
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Henry A. Wallace
Henry Agard Wallace (October 7, 1888 – November 18, 1965) served as the 33rd Vice President of the United States (1941–1945), the 11th Secretary of Agriculture (1933–1940), and the 10th Secretary of Commerce (1945–1946).
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Hinduism
Hinduism is an Indian religion and dharma, or a way of life, widely practised in the Indian subcontinent.
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Hohhot
Hohhot, abbreviated in Chinese as Hushi, formerly known as Kweisui, is the capital of Inner Mongolia in the north of the People's Republic of China, serving as the region's administrative, economic and cultural center.
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Hong Kong
Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港), officially the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China, is an autonomous territory of China on the eastern side of the Pearl River estuary in East Asia.
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Hong Kong Observatory
The Hong Kong Observatory is a weather forecast agency of the government of Hong Kong.
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Human Development Index
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic (composite index) of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development.
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Humid continental climate
A humid continental climate (Köppen prefix D and a third letter of a or b) is a climatic region defined by Russo-German climatologist Wladimir Köppen in 1900, which is typified by large seasonal temperature differences, with warm to hot (and often humid) summers and cold (sometimes severely cold in the northern areas) winters.
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Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region or Nei Mongol Autonomous Region (Ѳвѳр Монголын Ѳѳртѳѳ Засах Орон in Mongolian Cyrillic), is one of the autonomous regions of China, located in the north of the country.
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International School of Ulaanbaatar
The International School of Ulaanbaatar, usually referred to as ISU, or Улаанбаатар дахь Олон Улсын Дунд Сургууль(in Mongolian Language), in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, is a private, coeducational day school, which offers an educational program from preschool through grade 12 for students of all nationalities.
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Internet culture
Internet culture, or cyberculture, is the culture that has emerged, or is emerging, from the use of computer networks for communication, entertainment, and business.
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Irkutsk
Irkutsk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Irkutsk Oblast, Russia, and one of the largest cities in Siberia.
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ISO 3166-2
ISO 3166-2 is part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), and defines codes for identifying the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.
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Istanbul
Istanbul (or or; İstanbul), historically known as Constantinople and Byzantium, is the most populous city in Turkey and the country's economic, cultural, and historic center.
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Jakarta
Jakarta, officially the Special Capital Region of Jakarta (Daerah Khusus Ibu Kota Jakarta), is the capital and largest city of Indonesia.
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Jebtsundamba Khutuktu
The Jebtsundamba Khutuktu (Chinese:哲布尊丹巴呼圖克圖, Жавзандамба хутагт, Jawzan Damba Khutagt;, THL Jétsün Dampa Hutuktu "Mongolian Holy Precious Master") are the spiritual heads of the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia.
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Jining District
Jining District (Mongolian script) is an urban district that serves as the administrative seat of Ulanqab, a region governed as a prefecture-level city in the mid-western part of Inner Mongolia, China.
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John Bell (traveller)
John Bell (1691–1780) was a Scottish doctor and traveller.
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Karakorum
Karakorum (Khalkha Mongolian: Хархорум Kharkhorum) was the capital of the Mongol Empire between 1235 and 1260, and of the Northern Yuan in the 14–15th centuries.
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Köppen climate classification
The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.
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Kempinski
Kempinski Hotels S.A. is a hotel group.
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Keraites
The Keraites (also Kerait, Kereit, Khereid) were one of the five dominant Turco-Mongol tribal confederations (khanates) in the Altai-Sayan region during the 12th century.
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KFC
KFC, until 1991 known as Kentucky Fried Chicken, is an American fast food restaurant chain that specializes in fried chicken.
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Khan (title)
Khan خان/khan; is a title for a sovereign or a military ruler, used by Mongolians living to the north of China. Khan has equivalent meanings such as "commander", "leader", or "ruler", "king" and "chief". khans exist in South Asia, Middle East, Central Asia, Eastern Europe, East Africa and Turkey. The female alternatives are Khatun and Khanum. These titles or names are sometimes written as Khan/خان in Persian, Han, Kan, Hakan, Hanum, or Hatun (in Turkey) and as "xan", "xanım" (in Azerbaijan), and medieval Turkic tribes.
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Khan Uul
Khan Uul (khan mountain) is one of nine Düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar.
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Khorloogiin Choibalsan
Khorloogiin Choibalsan (Хорлоогийн Чойбалсан, (February 8, 1895 – January 26, 1952) was the Communist leader of the Mongolian People's Republic and Marshal (general chief commander) of the Mongolian armed forces from the 1930s until his death in 1952. His rule marked the first and last time in modern Mongolian history that an individual had complete political power. Sometimes referred to as "the Stalin of Mongolia", Choibalsan oversaw Soviet-ordered purges in the late 1930s that resulted in the deaths of an estimated 30,000 to 35,000 Mongolians. Most of the victims were Buddhist clergy, intelligentsia, political dissidents, ethnic Buryats and Kazakhs and other "enemies of the revolution." His intense persecution of Mongolia's Buddhists brought about their near complete extinction in the country. Although Choibalsan's devotion to Joseph Stalin helped preserve his country's fledgling independence during the early years of the Mongolian People's Republic (MPR), it also bound Mongolia closely to the Soviet Union. Throughout his rule, Mongolia's economic, political and military ties to the USSR deepened, infrastructure and literacy rates improved and international recognition of Mongolia's independence expanded, especially after World War II.
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Khoroo
A khoroo (Mongolian Cyrillic: хороо) is an administrative subdivision of Ulaanbaatar, the capital of Mongolia.
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Khustain Nuruu National Park
Khustain Nuruu National Park (Birch Mountains), located in Töv Province (Aimag), is a national park of Mongolia.
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Krasnoyarsk
Krasnoyarsk (p) is a city and the administrative center of Krasnoyarsk Krai, Russia, located on the Yenisei River.
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Kublai Khan
Kublai (Хубилай, Hubilai; Simplified Chinese: 忽必烈) was the fifth Khagan (Great Khan) of the Mongol Empire (Ikh Mongol Uls), reigning from 1260 to 1294 (although due to the division of the empire this was a nominal position).
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Kyakhta
Kyakhta (Кя́хта,; Xyaagta) is a town and the administrative center of Kyakhtinsky District in the Republic of Buryatia, Russia, located on the Kyakhta River near the Mongolia–Russia border.
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Kyakhta trade
The Kyakhta Trade (История кяхтинской торговли, Istorija kjahtinskoj torgovli, 恰克图商路) refers to the trade between Russia and China through the town of Kyakhta on the Mongolian border south of Lake Baikal from 1727.
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Leeds
Leeds is a city in the metropolitan borough of Leeds, in the county of West Yorkshire, England.
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List of cities in Mongolia
This is a list of cities in Mongolia.
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List of historical cities and towns of Mongolia
This is a List of historical cities and towns of Mongolia.
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Lonely Planet
Lonely Planet is the largest travel guide book publisher in the world.
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Louis Vuitton
Louis Vuitton Malletier, commonly referred to as Louis Vuitton, or shortened to LV, is a French fashion house and luxury retail company founded in 1854 by Louis Vuitton.
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Lower Paleolithic
The Lower Paleolithic (or Lower Palaeolithic) is the earliest subdivision of the Paleolithic or Old Stone Age.
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Mammoth
A mammoth is any species of the extinct genus Mammuthus, proboscideans commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair.
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Manchu people
The Manchu are an ethnic minority in China and the people from whom Manchuria derives its name.
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Manjusri Monastery
Manjusri Monastery (Mongolian:Манзуширын хийд; alternately translated as Manzushir, Chinese:福祈寺) is a former Buddhist monastery established in 1733 and destroyed by Mongolian communists in 1937.
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Marco Polo
Marco Polo (1254January 8–9, 1324) was an Italian merchant, explorer, and writer, born in the Republic of Venice.
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Marzan Sharav
Baldugiin "Marzan" Sharav (1869 – 1939, Балдугийн 'Марзан' Шарав; marzan.
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Medicine
Medicine is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.
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Mongol Empire
The Mongol Empire (Mongolian: Mongolyn Ezent Güren; Mongolian Cyrillic: Монголын эзэнт гүрэн;; also Орда ("Horde") in Russian chronicles) existed during the 13th and 14th centuries and was the largest contiguous land empire in history.
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Mongolia
Mongolia (Monggol Ulus in Mongolian; in Mongolian Cyrillic) is a landlocked unitary sovereign state in East Asia.
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Mongolia (1911–24)
The Bogd Khaanate of Mongolia was the government of Mongolia (Outer Mongolia) between 1911 and 1919 and again from 1921 to 1924.
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Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet
The Mongolian Cyrillic alphabet (Mongolian: Монгол Кирилл үсэг, Mongol Kirill üseg or Кирилл цагаан толгой, Kirill tsagaan tolgoi) is the writing system used for the standard dialect of the Mongolian language in the modern state of Mongolia.
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Mongolian Latin alphabet
The Mongolian Latin script (Монгол Латин үсэг, Mongol Latin üseg in Cyrillic; Mongol Latiin ysyg in itself) was officially adopted in Mongolia in 1931.
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Mongolian legislative election, 2008
Legislative elections were held in Mongolia on 29 June 2008.
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Mongolian literature
Mongol literature has been greatly influenced by its nomadic oral traditions.
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Mongolian National University
Mongolian National University is a non-profit education institution in Mongolia.
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Mongolian People's Party
The Mongolian People's Party (MPP; Монгол Ардын Нам, MAH; Mongol Ardīn Nam, MAN) is the oldest political party in Mongolia.
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Mongolian People's Republic
The Mongolian People's Republic (Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс (БНМАУ), Bügd Nairamdakh Mongol Ard Uls (BNMAU)), commonly known as Outer Mongolia, was a unitary sovereign socialist state which existed between 1924 and 1992, coterminous with the present-day country of Mongolia in East Asia.
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Mongolian Republican Party
The Mongolian Republican Party (Монголын Бүгд Найрамдах Нам, Mongolyn Bügd Nairamdakh Nam, usually just Republican Party/Bügd Nairamdakh Nam), also known as Jargalsaikhan's Party (after its chairman), is a political party in Mongolia.
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Mongolian Revolution of 1990
The Mongolian Revolution of 1990 (1990 Democratic Revolution,, Ardchilsan Khuvĭsgal) was a democratic peaceful revolution that started with demonstrations and hunger strikes to overthrow the Mongolian People's Republic and eventually moved towards the democratic present day Mongolia and the writing of the new constitution.
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Mongolian script
The classical or traditional Mongolian script (in Mongolian script: Mongγol bičig; in Mongolian Cyrillic: Монгол бичиг Mongol bichig), also known as Hudum Mongol bichig, was the first writing system created specifically for the Mongolian language, and was the most successful until the introduction of Cyrillic in 1946.
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Mongolian State University of Agriculture
Mongolian State University of Agriculture (MSUA) is a national university of Mongolia, with the main branch situated in the capital of Ulaanbaatar.
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Mongolian State University of Education
Mongolian State University of Education or MSUE (Mongolian: Монгол Улсын Боловсролын Их Сургууль) is a university located in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
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Mongolian tögrög
The tögrög or tugrik (ᠲᠥᠭᠥᠷᠢᠭ, төгрөг, tögrög; sign: ₮; code: MNT) is the official currency of Mongolia.
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Mongolian Theatre Museum
Mongolian Theatre Museum was founded in 1991 to preserve and present the traditions and artifacts of the performing arts in Mongolia and to do research in this area.
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Mongolian University of Science and Technology
The Mongolian University of Science and Technology, often referred to as MUST; Шинжлэх Ухаан, Технологийн Их Сургууль, was founded in 1969 as a part of the National University of Mongolia with 5 faculties and 13 departments and named the Polytechnical Institute.
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Monsoon
Monsoon is traditionally defined as a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation, but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with the asymmetric heating of land and sea.
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Morin khuur
The morin khuur (морин хуур), also known as the horsehead fiddle, is a traditional Mongolian bowed stringed instrument.
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Moscow
Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.
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Most (Most District)
Most (Brüx; Pons) is the capital city of the Most District, situated between the Central Bohemian Uplands and the Ore Mountains, approximately northwest of Prague along the Bílina River and southwest of Ústí nad Labem.
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Mungonzazal Janshindulam
Mungonzazal Janshindulam (Янжиндуламын Мөнгөнцацал Yanjindulamyn Möngöntsatsal; 1972–2007), also known as "Mungo", was a Mongolian pianist and music teacher who lived and taught until her death in Düsseldorf and Dortmund, Germany.
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Munich
Munich (München; Minga) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.
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Naadam
Naadam (Наадам, classical Mongolian: Naɣadum,, literally "games") is a traditional festival in Mongolia.
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Nalaikh
Nalaikh is one of nine Düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar.
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Nambaryn Enkhbayar
Nambaryn Enkhbayar (Намбарын Энхбаяр; born June 1, 1958) is a Mongolian politician.
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Namyangju
Namyangju is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea.
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Narodakini
Nāroḍākinī (Sanskrit, Naro Khachö) is a deity in Vajrayana Buddhism similar to Vajrayogini (red, striding, bearing a vajra) who no longer appears in the active pantheon despite her importance in late Indian Buddhism.
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National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet of Mongolia
The National Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet of Mongolia (also known as Mongolian State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet) was established on 15 May 1963 as the State Musical Drama Theatre was split into the State Academic Theatre of Opera and Ballet and the State Academic Drama Theatre upon the resolution 132/182 of 10 May 1963 by the Ministry Council of people Republic of Mongolia and the Central Committee of Mongolian Public Revolution Party.
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National Library of Mongolia
Mongolian National Library (Монгол улсын үндэсний номын сан) located in Ulaanbaatar, is the largest and oldest surviving library in Mongolia.
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National Museum of Mongolia
The National Museum of Mongolia (1); formerly the National Museum of Mongolian History is located in Ulaanbaatar.
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National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA; pronounced, like "Noah") is an American scientific agency within the United States Department of Commerce that focuses on the conditions of the oceans, major waterways, and the atmosphere.
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National Sports Stadium (Mongolia)
National Sports Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
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National University of Mongolia
The National University of Mongolia (Монгол Улсын Их Сургууль, Mongol Ulsyn Ikh Surguuli, abbreviated NUM or MUIS) is the oldest university in Mongolia, established in 1942 and originally named in honour of Marshal Khorloogiin Choibalsan.
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Nelumbo
Nelumbo is a genus of aquatic plants with large, showy flowers.
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New Ulaanbaatar International Airport
The New Ulaanbaatar International Airport (Улаанбаатар хотын олон улсын шинэ нисэх онгоцны буудал), or the Khöshig Valley Airport (Хөшигийн хөндийн нисэх буудал) is a new international airport presently under construction 52 km south of Ulaanbaatar city center in Sergelen sum, Töv Province, Mongolia.
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Nicholas II of Russia
Nicholas II or Nikolai II (r; 1868 – 17 July 1918), known as Saint Nicholas II of Russia in the Russian Orthodox Church, was the last Emperor of Russia, ruling from 1 November 1894 until his forced abdication on 15 March 1917.
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Nikolay Przhevalsky
Nikolay Mikhaylovich Przhevalsky (Никола́й Миха́йлович Пржева́льский; Polish: Nikołaj Michajłowicz Przewalski –) was a Russian geographer of Polish origin and a renowned explorer of Central and East Asia.
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Nomadic empire
Nomadic empires, sometimes also called steppe empires, Central or Inner Asian empires, are the empires erected by the bow-wielding, horse-riding, nomadic peoples in the Eurasian steppe, from classical antiquity (Scythia) to the early modern era (Dzungars).
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Nuuk
Nuuk (Godthåb) is the capital and largest city of Greenland and the municipality of Sermersooq.
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Orkhon River
thumb The Orkhon River (Орхон гол, Orkhon gol) is a river in Mongolia.
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Orléans
Orléans is a prefecture and commune in north-central France, about 111 kilometres (69 miles) southwest of Paris.
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Particulates
Atmospheric aerosol particles, also known as atmospheric particulate matter, particulate matter (PM), particulates, or suspended particulate matter (SPM) are microscopic solid or liquid matter suspended in Earth's atmosphere.
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Peace Bridge (Mongolia)
Peace Bridge (Энхтайваны гүүр) is a bridge built in 1963 in the city centre of Ulan Bator, Mongolia, with technical and financial assistance from China.
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Perestroika
Perestroika (a) was a political movement for reformation within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union during the 1980s until 1991 and is widely associated with Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning "openness") policy reform.
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Permafrost
In geology, permafrost is ground, including rock or (cryotic) soil, at or below the freezing point of water for two or more years.
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Poetry
Poetry (the term derives from a variant of the Greek term, poiesis, "making") is a form of literature that uses aesthetic and rhythmic qualities of language—such as phonaesthetics, sound symbolism, and metre—to evoke meanings in addition to, or in place of, the prosaic ostensible meaning.
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Populus
Populus is a genus of 25–35 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere.
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Praise of Bogdiin Khuree
Praise of Bogdiin Khuree is a Mongolian folk song praising the city of Urga (now Ulaanbaatar) in Mongolia.
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Precipitation
In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls under gravity.
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Prester John
Prester John (Presbyter Johannes) was a legendary Christian patriarch, presbyter (elder) and king who was popular in European chronicles and tradition from the 12th through the 17th centuries.
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Provinces of Mongolia
Mongolia is divided into 21 Provinces (аймаг, often translated as aimags) and one provincial municipality.
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Przewalski's horse
The Przewalski's horse (Khalkha, takhi; Ak Kaba Tuvan: dagy; Equus przewalskii or Equus ferus przewalskii), also called the Mongolian wild horse or Dzungarian horse, is a rare and endangered horse native to the steppes of central Asia.
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Public library
A public library is a library that is accessible by the general public and is generally funded from public sources, such as taxes.
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Publishing
Publishing is the dissemination of literature, music, or information—the activity of making information available to the general public.
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Qianlong Emperor
The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 1711 – 7 February 1799) was the sixth emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper.
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Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty, also known as the Qing Empire, officially the Great Qing, was the last imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912.
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Rail transport in China
Rail transport is an important mode of long-distance transportation in the People's Republic of China.
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Ramada
Ramada is a large multinational hotel chain owned by Wyndham Worldwide.
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Roman von Ungern-Sternberg
Baron Roman Nicolaus Maximilian von Ungern-Sternberg (Барон Ро́берт-Никола́й-Максими́лиан Рома́н Фёдорович фон У́нгерн-Ште́рнберг)adopted Russian name: Роман Фёдорович фон Унгерн-Штернберг, which transliterates as Roman Fyodorovich fon Ungern-Shternberg (10 January 1886 NS – 15 September 1921) was an Austrian-born Russian anti-Bolshevik lieutenant general in the Russian Civil War and then an independent warlord whose Asiatic Cavalry Division wrested control of Mongolia from the Republic of China in 1921 after its occupation.
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Round Table Pizza
Round Table Pizza is a large chain of pizza parlors in the western United States.
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Saint Petersburg
Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).
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Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral (Ulaanbaatar)
The Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral is a Roman Catholic cathedral in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, designed by Serbian architect Predak Stupar and consecrated in 2003 by Cardinal Crescenzio Sepe; its shape resembles that of a yurt.
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San Francisco
San Francisco (initials SF;, Spanish for 'Saint Francis'), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California.
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Sando (official)
Sando (alternately Sanduo, San To, Sadowo; Chinese: 三多; pinyin: Sān Duō; Mongolian: Сандо; 1876－1941) courtesy name Liu Qiao (六橋) was a Qing dynasty and later Republic of China civil servant who most notably served as the 62nd and last Manchu Amban (昂邦; Resident Commissioner) of Outer Mongolia from 1909 to 1911.
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Sanjaasürengiin Zorig
Sanjaasurengiin Zorig (Санжаасүрэнгийн Зориг, 20 April 1962 – 2 October 1998) was a prominent Mongolian politician and leader of the country's 1990 democratic revolution.
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Sapporo
is the fifth largest city of Japan by population, and the largest city on the northern Japanese island of Hokkaido.
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Sükhbaatar (district)
Sükhbaatar is one of nine Düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital Ulaanbaatar.
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Sükhbaatar Square
Sükhbaatar Square (Сүхбаатарын талбай, pronounced Sükhbaatariin Talbai), previously known as Chinggis Square (Чингисийн талбай, pronounced Chinggisiin Talbai), is the central square of Mongolia's capital Ulaanbaatar.
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Sükhbaataryn Batbold
Sükhbaataryn Batbold (Сүхбаатарын Батболд, born June 24, 1963) is a Mongolian politician who was Prime Minister of Mongolia from 2009 to 2012, as well as Chairman of the Mongolian People's Party.
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Sea level
Mean sea level (MSL) (often shortened to sea level) is an average level of the surface of one or more of Earth's oceans from which heights such as elevations may be measured.
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Seattle
Seattle is a seaport city on the west coast of the United States.
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Selenga River
The Selenga River (Selenge River, Mongolian: Сэлэнгэ мөрөн, Selenge mörön; Сэлэнгэ гол / Сэлэнгэ мүрэн, Selenge gol / Selenge müren; Селенга́) is a major river in Mongolia and Buryatia, Russia.
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Semi-arid climate
A semi-arid climate or steppe climate is the climate of a region that receives precipitation below potential evapotranspiration, but not as low as a desert climate.
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Seoul
Seoul (like soul; 서울), officially the Seoul Special Metropolitan City – is the capital, Constitutional Court of Korea and largest metropolis of South Korea.
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Siberian High
The Siberian High (also Siberian Anticyclone) is a massive collection of cold dry air that accumulates in the northeastern part of Eurasia from September until April.
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Sister city
Twin towns or sister cities are a form of legal or social agreement between towns, cities, counties, oblasts, prefectures, provinces, regions, states, and even countries in geographically and politically distinct areas to promote cultural and commercial ties.
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Socialist realism
Socialist realism is a style of idealized realistic art that was developed in the Soviet Union and was imposed as the official style in that country between 1932 and 1988, as well as in other socialist countries after World War II.
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Songino Khairkhan
Songino Khairkhan (onion mountain) is one of nine Düüregs (districts) of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar.
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Soyombo symbol
The Soyombo symbol (Соёмбо, from svayambhu) is a special character in the Soyombo alphabet invented by Zanabazar in 1686.
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Stalinist repressions in Mongolia
The Stalinist repressions in Mongolia (Их Хэлмэгдүүлэлт, Ikh Khelmegdüülelt, "Great Repression") refers to a period of heightened political violence and persecution in the Mongolian People's Republic between 1937 and 1939.
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State Great Khural
The State Great Khural (Улсын Их Хурал, Ulsyn Ikh Khural, also State Great Hural, and Ikh Khural; English: lit. State Great Assembly) is the unicameral parliament of Mongolia.
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Steppe
In physical geography, a steppe (p) is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes.
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Subarctic climate
The subarctic climate (also called subpolar climate, subalpine climate, or boreal climate) is a climate characterised by long, usually very cold winters, and short, cool to mild summers.
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Taipei
Taipei, officially known as Taipei City, is the capital and a special municipality of Taiwan (officially known as the Republic of China, "ROC").
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Tangut people
The Tangut first appeared as a tribal union living under Tuyuhun authority and moved to Northwest China sometime before the 10th century to found the Western Xia or Tangut Empire (1038–1227).
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Töv Province
Töw (Төв,, lit. "central") is one of the 21 aimags (provinces) of Mongolia.
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The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
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Theatre
Theatre or theater is a collaborative form of fine art that uses live performers, typically actors or actresses, to present the experience of a real or imagined event before a live audience in a specific place, often a stage.
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Theology
Theology is the critical study of the nature of the divine.
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Toghrul
Toghrul, also known as Wang Khan or Ong Khan (Тоорил хан Tooril han or Ван хан Van han;; died 1203) was a khan of the Keraites.
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Tokyo
, officially, is one of the 47 prefectures of Japan and has been the capital since 1869.
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Trans-Mongolian Railway
The Trans-Mongolian Railway follows an ancient tea-caravan route from China to Russia and connects Ulan-Ude, on the Trans-Baikal (Trans-Siberian) railway in Russia, with the Chinese city of Jining, by way of Ulaanbaatar in Mongolia.
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Trans-Siberian Railway
The Trans-Siberian Railway (TSR, p) is a network of railways connecting Moscow with the Russian Far East.
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Treaty of Kyakhta (1727)
The Treaty of Kyakhta (or Kiakhta) (Кяхтинский договор, Kjahtinskij dogovor;, Wade-Giles: Pu4lien2ssŭ1ch‘i2 / Ch‘ia4k‘o4tu2 t‘iao2yüeh1, Xiao'erjing: بُلِيًاصِٿِ / ٿِاكْتُ تِيَوْيُؤ; Хиагтын гэрээ, Xiagtın gerê; Manchu:, Wylie: chuwan emu hatsin-i pitghe, Möllendorff: juwan emu hacin-i bithe), along with the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689), regulated the relations between Imperial Russia and the Qing Empire of China until the mid-19th century.
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Tributary
A tributary or affluent is a stream or river that flows into a larger stream or main stem (or parent) river or a lake.
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Trolleybuses in Ulaanbaatar
The Ulaanbaatar trolleybus system forms part of the public transport network in Ulaanbaatar, the capital city of Mongolia.
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Turar Ryskulov
Turar Ryskulov (1894—1938) was a Soviet politician; the chairman of the Central Electoral Committee of the Turkestan Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic.
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Tuul River
The Tuul River or Tula River (Туул гол, Tūl gol; in older sources also Tola) is a river in central and northern Mongolia.
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Ugsarmal bair
Ugsarmal bair (Угсармал байр, assembled building), or just Ugsarmal, is the Mongolian term for high rise panel buildings.
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Ulaanbaatar Metro
Ulaanbaatar Metro (Улаанбаатар метро) is a rapid transit system in the planning stages in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia.
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Ulan-Ude
Ulan-Ude (p; Улаан Үдэ, Ulaan Üde) is the capital city of the Republic of Buryatia, Russia; it is located about southeast of Lake Baikal on the Uda River at its confluence with the Selenga.
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University of Finance and Economics
The University of Finance and Economics (Sankhüü Ediin Zasgiin Ikh Surguuli, abbreviated UFE) is one of the largest educational institutions of Mongolia.
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University of the Humanities
University of the Humanities (also known as Humanities University) is a private university in Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, offering undergraduate and graduate programs in fields including foreign languages, translation, education, journalism, computer science, economics business.
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Urban planning
Urban planning is a technical and political process concerned with the development and design of land use in an urban environment, including air, water, and the infrastructure passing into and out of urban areas, such as transportation, communications, and distribution networks.
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Vice President of the United States
The Vice President of the United States (informally referred to as VPOTUS, or Veep) is a constitutional officer in the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States as the President of the Senate under Article I, Section 3, Clause 4, of the United States Constitution, as well as the second highest executive branch officer, after the President of the United States.
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Vienna
Vienna (Wien) is the federal capital and largest city of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria.
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White movement
The White movement (p) and its military arm the White Army (Бѣлая Армія/Белая Армия, Belaya Armiya), also known as the White Guard (Бѣлая Гвардія/Белая Гвардия, Belaya Gvardiya), the White Guardsmen (Белогвардейцы, Belogvardeytsi) or simply the Whites (Белые, Beliye), was a loose confederation of Anti-Communist forces that fought the Bolsheviks, also known as the Reds, in the Russian Civil War (1917–1922/3) and, to a lesser extent, continued operating as militarized associations both outside and within Russian borders until roughly the Second World War.
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Willow
Willows, also called sallows, and osiers, form the genus Salix, around 400 speciesMabberley, D.J. 1997.
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Winter Palace of the Bogd Khan
The Winter Palace of the Bogd Khan is located in southern Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia, on the road to Zaisan.
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Woolly rhinoceros
The woolly rhinoceros (Coelodonta antiquitatis) is an extinct species of rhinoceros that was common throughout Europe and northern Asia during the Pleistocene epoch and survived the last glacial period.
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World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.
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Xiongnu
The Xiongnu were a confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Asian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD.
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Xu Shuzheng
Hsu Seu-Cheng or Xu Shuzheng (11 November 1880 – 29 December 1925) was a Chinese warlord in Republican China.
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Yurt
A traditional yurt (from the Turkic languages) or ger (Mongolian) is a portable, round tent covered with skins or felt and used as a dwelling by nomads in the steppes of Central Asia.
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Zaisan Memorial
The Zaisan Memorial (Зайсан) is a memorial in the southern area of the Mongolian capital of Ulaanbaatar that honors allied Mongolian and Soviet soldiers killed in World War II.
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Zamyn-Üüd
Zamyn-Üüd (Замын-Үүд;, road's gate) is a sum (district) of Dornogovi Province in southeastern Mongolia.
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Zanabazar
Öndör Gegeen Zanabazar, born Eshidorji, was the sixteenth Jebtsundamba Khutuktu and the first Bogd Gegeen, or supreme spiritual authority, of the Gelugpa (Yellow Hat) lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Outer Mongolia. The son of a Mongol Tüsheet Khan, Zanabazar was declared spiritual leader of Khalkha Mongols by a convocation of nobles in 1639 when he was just four years old. The 5th Dalai Lama (1617–1682) later recognized him as the reincarnation of the Buddhist scholar Taranatha and bestowed on him the Sanskrit name Jñānavajra (Sanskrit: ज्ञानवज्र, Zanabazar in Mongolian) meaning "thunderbolt scepter of wisdom". Over the course of nearly 60 years, Zanabazar advanced the Gelugpa school of Buddhism among the Mongols, supplanting or synthesizing Sakya or "Red Hat" Buddhist traditions that had prevailed in the area, while strongly influencing social and political developments in 17th century Mongolia. His close ties with both Khalka Mongol leaders and the devout Kangxi Emperor facilitated the Khalkha's submission to Qing rule in 1691. In addition to his spiritual and political roles, Zanabazar was a polymath – a prodigious sculptor, painter, architect, poet, costume designer, scholar, and linguist, who is credited with launching Mongolia's seventeenth century cultural renaissance. He is best known for his intricate and elegant Buddhist sculptures created in the Nepali-derived style, two of the most famous being the White Tara and Varajradhara, sculpted in the 1680s. To aid translation of sacred Tibetan texts, he created the Soyombo script from which sprang the Soyombo that later became a national symbol of Mongolia. Zanabazar used his artistic output to promote Buddhism among all levels of Khalkha society and unify Khalkha Mongol tribes during a time of social and political turmoil.
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Zorig Foundation
Zorig Foundation (Mongolian: Зориг Сан) is a Mongolian non-profit, non-governmental organization (NGO) established in October 1998 after the assassination of Mongolian pro-democracy politician Zorig Sanjaasuren.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulaanbaatar
