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194 relations: Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices, Alfred Russel Wallace, Allergy, Alternative medicine, Aluminium, American Academy of Family Physicians, American Academy of Pediatrics, American Chiropractic Association, American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, Andrew Wakefield, Animal rights, Anthrax vaccines, Antifungal, Antigen, Antitoxin, Autism, Autism spectrum, Autism's False Prophets, Autoimmune disease, Biological plausibility, Biologics Control Act, Borno State, Boston Children's Hospital, Bovine spongiform encephalopathy, Camden, New Jersey, Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College, Caroline of Ansbach, Case series, Catholic Church, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Charles Creighton, Charles Maitland (physician), Chelation therapy, Chiropractic, Civil liberties, Class action, Cochrane Library, College of Physicians of Philadelphia, Conflict of interest, Confounding, Cotton Mather, Courts-martial in the United States, Cutter Laboratories, Daniel David Palmer, Diabetes mellitus type 1, Diphtheria, DPT vaccine, DTaP-IPV-HepB vaccine, Edgar Crookshank, Edward Jenner, ..., Epidemic, Epileptic seizure, Erysipelas, Europe, Fellow of the Royal Society, Forbes, France, Fraud, Free-rider problem, Frontline (U.S. TV series), Gardasil, George Bernard Shaw, Germ theory denialism, Germ theory of disease, Haemophilus influenzae, Hans Sloane, Haredi burqa sect, Hasidic Judaism, Health economics, Hepatitis C virus, Herd immunity, HIV, Homeopathy, HPV vaccines, Hyperbaric medicine, Hypersensitivity, Immunodeficiency, Immunologic adjuvant, Incidence (epidemiology), Indiana, Infection, Influenza, Influenza vaccine, Informed consent, Inoculation, Jacob Bright, Jacobson v. Massachusetts, James Allanson Picton, James Gillray, Jim (horse), John K. Tener, John Pitcairn Jr., John Williams (minister), Kano State, Keighley, Killick Millard, Lady Mary Wortley Montagu, Leicester, Lesion, Libertarianism, Los Angeles Times, Macrophagic myofasciitis, Measles, Medical Officer for Health, Medicine, Meningitis, Mercury (element), Military police, MMR vaccine, MMR vaccine controversy, Mother Jones (magazine), Multiple sclerosis, Nachman of Breslov, National Academy of Medicine, National Academy of Sciences, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, National Health Service, Naturopathy, Netherlands, Newgate Prison, Newport, Wales, Nigeria, Northside, Dublin, Oswaldo Cruz, Otitis media, Outbreak, Passive immunity, Pathogenesis, Paul Offit, Pennsylvania General Assembly, Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, Pneumonia, Polio vaccine, Poliomyelitis, Poliomyelitis eradication, Poor relief, PPG Industries, Precautionary principle, Principle of double effect, Profit margin, Rio de Janeiro, Robert Koch, Rowland Hill (preacher), Rubella, Schizophrenia, Science by press conference, Scots law, Seroconversion, Serum sickness, Smallpox, Smallpox vaccine, Spanish–American War, St. Louis, Statesman Journal, Stephan Lewandowsky, Sudden infant death syndrome, Supreme Court of the United States, Swansea, Sweden, Syphilis, Tetanus, The BMJ, The Lancet, The Sunday Times, The White Man's Burden, Thiomersal, Thomas Aquinas, Thomas Jefferson, Time (magazine), Toxoplasmosis, Tuberculin, Tuberculosis, United Kingdom, United Kingdom general election, 1900, University of Edinburgh, Vaccination, Vaccination Act, Vaccination and religion, Vaccination policy, Vaccination schedule, Vaccine, Vaccine court, Vaccine injury, Vaccine Revolt, Variolation, Wales, Whooping cough, William Douglass (physician), William Tebb, World Health Organization, York, Zabdiel Boylston, 2009 flu pandemic, 2009 flu pandemic vaccine. Expand index (144 more) »
Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices
The Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP), founded in 1964, provides advice and guidance on effective control of vaccine-preventable diseases in the U.S. civilian population.
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Alfred Russel Wallace
Alfred Russel Wallace (8 January 18237 November 1913) was an English naturalist, explorer, geographer, anthropologist, and biologist.
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Allergy
Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment.
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Alternative medicine
Alternative medicine, fringe medicine, pseudomedicine or simply questionable medicine is the use and promotion of practices which are unproven, disproven, impossible to prove, or excessively harmful in relation to their effect — in the attempt to achieve the healing effects of medicine.--> --> --> They differ from experimental medicine in that the latter employs responsible investigation, and accepts results that show it to be ineffective. The scientific consensus is that alternative therapies either do not, or cannot, work. In some cases laws of nature are violated by their basic claims; in some the treatment is so much worse that its use is unethical. Alternative practices, products, and therapies range from only ineffective to having known harmful and toxic effects.--> Alternative therapies may be credited for perceived improvement through placebo effects, decreased use or effect of medical treatment (and therefore either decreased side effects; or nocebo effects towards standard treatment),--> or the natural course of the condition or disease. Alternative treatment is not the same as experimental treatment or traditional medicine, although both can be misused in ways that are alternative. Alternative or complementary medicine is dangerous because it may discourage people from getting the best possible treatment, and may lead to a false understanding of the body and of science.-->---> Alternative medicine is used by a significant number of people, though its popularity is often overstated.--> Large amounts of funding go to testing alternative medicine, with more than US$2.5 billion spent by the United States government alone.--> Almost none show any effect beyond that of false treatment,--> and most studies showing any effect have been statistical flukes. Alternative medicine is a highly profitable industry, with a strong lobby. This fact is often overlooked by media or intentionally kept hidden, with alternative practice being portrayed positively when compared to "big pharma". --> The lobby has successfully pushed for alternative therapies to be subject to far less regulation than conventional medicine.--> Alternative therapies may even be allowed to promote use when there is demonstrably no effect, only a tradition of use. Regulation and licensing of alternative medicine and health care providers varies between and within countries. Despite laws making it illegal to market or promote alternative therapies for use in cancer treatment, many practitioners promote them.--> Alternative medicine is criticized for taking advantage of the weakest members of society.--! Terminology has shifted over time, reflecting the preferred branding of practitioners.. Science Based Medicine--> For example, the United States National Institutes of Health department studying alternative medicine, currently named National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, was established as the Office of Alternative Medicine and was renamed the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine before obtaining its current name. Therapies are often framed as "natural" or "holistic", in apparent opposition to conventional medicine which is "artificial" and "narrow in scope", statements which are intentionally misleading. --> When used together with functional medical treatment, alternative therapies do not "complement" (improve the effect of, or mitigate the side effects of) treatment.--> Significant drug interactions caused by alternative therapies may instead negatively impact functional treatment, making it less effective, notably in cancer.--> Alternative diagnoses and treatments are not part of medicine, or of science-based curricula in medical schools, nor are they used in any practice based on scientific knowledge or experience.--> Alternative therapies are often based on religious belief, tradition, superstition, belief in supernatural energies, pseudoscience, errors in reasoning, propaganda, fraud, or lies.--> Alternative medicine is based on misleading statements, quackery, pseudoscience, antiscience, fraud, and poor scientific methodology. Promoting alternative medicine has been called dangerous and unethical.--> Testing alternative medicine that has no scientific basis has been called a waste of scarce research resources.--> Critics state that "there is really no such thing as alternative medicine, just medicine that works and medicine that doesn't",--> that the very idea of "alternative" treatments is paradoxical, as any treatment proven to work is by definition "medicine".-->.
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Aluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.
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American Academy of Family Physicians
The American Academy of Family Physicians (AAFP) was founded in 1947 to promote the science and art of family medicine.
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American Academy of Pediatrics
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) is an American professional association of pediatricians, headquartered in Itasca, Illinois.
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American Chiropractic Association
The American Chiropractic Association (ACA), based in Arlington, VA, representing doctors of chiropractic.
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American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists
The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists is a professional association of physicians specializing in obstetrics and gynecology in the United States.
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Andrew Wakefield
Andrew Jeremy Wakefield (born 1957) is a discredited former British doctor who became an anti-vaccine activist.
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Animal rights
Animal rights is the idea in which some, or all, non-human animals are entitled to the possession of their own lives and that their most basic interests—such as the need to avoid suffering—should be afforded the same consideration as similar interests of human beings.
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Anthrax vaccines
Vaccines against the livestock and human disease anthrax—caused by the bacterium Bacillus anthracis—have had a prominent place in the history of medicine, from Pasteur’s pioneering 19th-century work with cattle (the first effective bacterial vaccine and the second effective vaccine ever) to the controversial late 20th century use of a modern product to protect American troops against the use of anthrax in biological warfare.
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Antifungal
An antifungal medication, also known as an antimycotic medication, is a pharmaceutical fungicide or fungistatic used to treat and prevent mycosis such as athlete's foot, ringworm, candidiasis (thrush), serious systemic infections such as cryptococcal meningitis, and others.
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Antigen
In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response (to produce an antibody) in the host organism.
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Antitoxin
An antitoxin is an antibody with the ability to neutralize a specific toxin.
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Autism
Autism is a developmental disorder characterized by troubles with social interaction and communication and by restricted and repetitive behavior.
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Autism spectrum
Autism spectrum, also known as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), is a range of conditions classified as neurodevelopmental disorders.
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Autism's False Prophets
Autism's False Prophets: Bad Science, Risky Medicine, and the Search for a Cure is a 2008 book by Paul Offit, a vaccine expert and chief of infectious diseases at Children's Hospital of Philadelphia.
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Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a normal body part.
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Biological plausibility
In epidemiology and biomedicine, the term biological plausibility refers to the proposal of a causal association — a relationship between a putative cause and an outcome — that is consistent with existing biological and medical knowledge.
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Biologics Control Act
The Biologics Control Act of 1902, also known as the Virus-Toxin Law, was the first law that implemented federal regulations of biological products such as vaccines in the United States.
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Borno State
Borno, also known as Borno State, is a state in north-eastern Nigeria.
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Boston Children's Hospital
Boston Children's Hospital (called Children's Hospital Boston until 2012) is a 395-licensed-bed children's hospital in the Longwood Medical and Academic Area of Boston, Massachusetts.
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Bovine spongiform encephalopathy
Bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE), commonly known as mad cow disease, is a transmissible spongiform encephalopathy and fatal neurodegenerative disease in cattle that may be passed to humans who have eaten infected flesh.
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Camden, New Jersey
Camden is a city in Camden County, New Jersey.
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Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College
The Canadian Memorial Chiropractic College (CMCC) is a non-profit, private higher education institution in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
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Caroline of Ansbach
Caroline of Brandenburg-Ansbach (Wilhelmina Charlotte Caroline; 1 March 1683 – 20 November 1737) was Queen consort of Great Britain as the wife of King George II.
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Case series
A case series (also known as a clinical series) is a type of medical research study that tracks subjects with a known exposure, such as patients who have received a similar treatment, or examines their medical records for exposure and outcome.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the leading national public health institute of the United States.
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Charles Creighton
Charles Creighton (22 November 1847 – 18 July 1927) was a British physician and medical author.
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Charles Maitland (physician)
Charles Maitland (1668–1748) was a Scottish surgeon who inoculated people against smallpox.
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Chelation therapy
Chelation therapy is a medical procedure that involves the administration of chelating agents to remove heavy metals from the body.
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Chiropractic
Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.
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Civil liberties
Civil liberties or personal freedoms are personal guarantees and freedoms that the government cannot abridge, either by law or by judicial interpretation, without due process.
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Class action
A class action, class suit, or representative action is a type of lawsuit where one of the parties is a group of people who are represented collectively by a member of that group.
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Cochrane Library
The Cochrane Library (named after Archie Cochrane) is a collection of databases in medicine and other healthcare specialties provided by Cochrane and other organizations.
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College of Physicians of Philadelphia
The College of Physicians of Philadelphia is the oldest private medical society in the United States.
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Conflict of interest
A conflict of interest (COI) is a situation in which a person or organization is involved in multiple interests, financial or otherwise, and serving one interest could involve working against another.
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Confounding
In statistics, a confounder (also confounding variable, confounding factor or lurking variable) is a variable that influences both the dependent variable and independent variable causing a spurious association.
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Cotton Mather
Cotton Mather, FRS (February 12, 1663 – February 13, 1728; A.B. 1678, Harvard College; A.M. 1681, honorary doctorate 1710, University of Glasgow) was a socially and politically influential New England Puritan minister, prolific author, and pamphleteer.
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Courts-martial in the United States
Courts-martial in the United States are trials conducted by the U.S. military or by state militaries.
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Cutter Laboratories
Cutter Laboratories was a family-owned pharmaceutical company located in Berkeley, California, founded by Edward Ahern Cutter in 1897.
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Daniel David Palmer
Daniel David Palmer or D.D. Palmer (March 7, 1845 – October 20, 1913) was the founder of chiropractic.
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Diabetes mellitus type 1
Diabetes mellitus type 1, also known as type 1 diabetes, is a form of diabetes mellitus in which not enough insulin is produced.
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Diphtheria
Diphtheria is an infection caused by the bacterium Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
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DPT vaccine
DPT (also DTP and DTwP) refers to a class of combination vaccines against three infectious diseases in humans: diphtheria, pertussis (whooping cough), and tetanus.
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DTaP-IPV-HepB vaccine
The generic name for this combination vaccine is diphtheria and tetanus toxoids and acellular pertussis adsorbed, hepatitis B (recombinant) and inactivated poliovirus vaccine or DTaP-IPV-Hep B. It is marketed in the USA as Pediarix by GlaxoSmithKline.
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Edgar Crookshank
Edgar March Crookshank (2 October 1858 – 1 July 1928) was an English physician and microbiologist.
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Edward Jenner
Edward Jenner, FRS FRCPE (17 May 1749 – 26 January 1823) was an English physician and scientist who was the pioneer of smallpox vaccine, the world's first vaccine.
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Epidemic
An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less.
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Epileptic seizure
An epileptic seizure is a brief episode of signs or symptoms due to abnormally excessive or synchronous neuronal activity in the brain.
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Erysipelas
Erysipelas is an acute infection typically with a skin rash, usually on any of the legs and toes, face, arms, and fingers.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Fellow of the Royal Society
Fellowship of the Royal Society (FRS, ForMemRS and HonFRS) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society judges to have made a "substantial contribution to the improvement of natural knowledge, including mathematics, engineering science and medical science".
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Forbes
Forbes is an American business magazine.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Fraud
In law, fraud is deliberate deception to secure unfair or unlawful gain, or to deprive a victim of a legal right.
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Free-rider problem
In economics, the free-rider problem occurs when those who benefit from resources, public goods, or services do not pay for them, which results in an underprovision of those goods or services.
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Frontline (U.S. TV series)
Frontline (styled by the program as FRONTLINE) is the flagship investigative journalism series of the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), producing in-depth documentaries on a variety of domestic and international stories and issues, and broadcasting them on air and online.
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Gardasil
Gardasil, also known as Gardisil or Silgard or recombinant human papillomavirus vaccine, is a vaccine for use in the prevention of certain strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), specifically HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18.
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George Bernard Shaw
George Bernard Shaw (26 July 1856 – 2 November 1950), known at his insistence simply as Bernard Shaw, was an Irish playwright, critic, polemicist, and political activist.
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Germ theory denialism
Germ theory denialism is the belief that germs do not cause infectious disease, and that the germ theory of disease is wrong.
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Germ theory of disease
The germ theory of disease is the currently accepted scientific theory of disease.
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Haemophilus influenzae
Haemophilus influenzae (formerly called Pfeiffer's bacillus or Bacillus influenzae) is a Gram-negative, coccobacillary, facultatively anaerobic pathogenic bacterium belonging to the Pasteurellaceae family.
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Hans Sloane
Sir Hans Sloane, 1st Baronet, (16 April 1660 – 11 January 1753) was an Irish physician, naturalist and collector noted for bequeathing his collection to the British nation, thus providing the foundation of the British Museum.
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Haredi burqa sect
The Haredi burqa sect (Hebrew: נשות השָאלִים Nešót HaŠälím, meaning "Shal(-wearing) Women"), is a religious group within Haredi Judaism, primarily concentrated in Israel, which claims that modesty requires a burqa-style covering of a woman's entire body, a shal (plural shalim, "shawl"), including a veil covering the face.
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Hasidic Judaism
Hasidism, sometimes Hasidic Judaism (hasidut,; originally, "piety"), is a Jewish religious group.
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Health economics
Health economics is a branch of economics concerned with issues related to efficiency, effectiveness, value and behavior in the production and consumption of health and healthcare.
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Hepatitis C virus
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a small (55–65 nm in size), enveloped, positive-sense single-stranded RNA virus of the family Flaviviridae.
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Herd immunity
Herd immunity (also called herd effect, community immunity, population immunity, or social immunity) is a form of indirect protection from infectious disease that occurs when a large percentage of a population has become immune to an infection, thereby providing a measure of protection for individuals who are not immune.
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HIV
The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).
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Homeopathy
Homeopathy or homœopathy is a system of alternative medicine developed in 1796 by Samuel Hahnemann, based on his doctrine of like cures like (similia similibus curentur), a claim that a substance that causes the symptoms of a disease in healthy people would cure similar symptoms in sick people.
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HPV vaccines
Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection by certain types of human papillomavirus.
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Hyperbaric medicine
Hyperbaric medicine is medical treatment in which an ambient pressure greater than sea level atmospheric pressure is a necessary component.
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Hypersensitivity
Hypersensitivity (also called hypersensitivity reaction or intolerance) refers to undesirable reactions produced by the normal immune system, including allergies and autoimmunity.
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Immunodeficiency
Immunodeficiency (or immune deficiency) is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent.
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Immunologic adjuvant
In immunology, an adjuvant is a component that potentiates the immune responses to an antigen and/or modulates it towards the desired immune responses.
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Incidence (epidemiology)
Incidence in epidemiology is a measure of the probability of occurrence of a given medical condition in a population within a specified period of time.
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Indiana
Indiana is a U.S. state located in the Midwestern and Great Lakes regions of North America.
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Infection
Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
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Influenza
Influenza, commonly known as "the flu", is an infectious disease caused by an influenza virus.
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Influenza vaccine
Influenza vaccines, also known as flu shots or flu jabs, are vaccines that protect against infection by Influenza viruses.
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Informed consent
Informed consent is a process for getting permission before conducting a healthcare intervention on a person, or for disclosing personal information.
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Inoculation
The terms inoculation, vaccination and immunization are often used synonymously to refer to artificial induction of immunity against various infectious diseases.
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Jacob Bright
Jacob Bright PC (26 May 1821 – 7 November 1899) was a British Liberal politician.
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Jacobson v. Massachusetts
Jacobson v. Massachusetts,, was a United States Supreme Court case in which the Court upheld the authority of states to enforce compulsory vaccination laws.
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James Allanson Picton
James Allanson Picton (8 August 1832 – 4 February 1910) was a British independent minister, author and Liberal politician.
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James Gillray
James Gillray (13 August 1756 or 1757 – 1 June 1815) was a British caricaturist and printmaker famous for his etched political and social satires, mainly published between 1792 and 1810.
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Jim (horse)
"Jim" was the name of a former milk wagon horse, who was used to produce serum containing diphtheria antitoxin (antibodies against diphtheria toxin).
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John K. Tener
John Kinley Tener (July 25, 1863May 19, 1946) was an American politician and Major League Baseball player and executive.
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John Pitcairn Jr.
John Pitcairn Jr. (January 10, 1841 – July 22, 1916) was a Scottish-born American industrialist.
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John Williams (minister)
John Williams (10 December 1664 – 12 June 1729) was a New England Puritan minister who became famous for The Redeemed Captive, his account of his captivity by the Mohawk after the Deerfield Massacre during Queen Anne's War.
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Kano State
Kano State is a state located in Northern Nigeria.
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Keighley
Keighley is a town and civil parish within the metropolitan borough of the City of Bradford in West Yorkshire, England.
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Killick Millard
Charles Killick Millard (1870–1952) was a British doctor who in 1935 founded the Voluntary Euthanasia Legalisation Society (now Dignity in Dying), a movement that campaigned for the legalisation of euthanasia in Great Britain.
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Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
Lady Mary Wortley Montagu (baptised 26 May 1689 – 21 August 1762) (née Pierrepont) was an English aristocrat, letter writer and poet.
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Leicester
Leicester ("Lester") is a city and unitary authority area in the East Midlands of England, and the county town of Leicestershire.
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Lesion
A lesion is any abnormal damage or change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by disease or trauma.
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Libertarianism
Libertarianism (from libertas, meaning "freedom") is a collection of political philosophies and movements that uphold liberty as a core principle.
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Los Angeles Times
The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper which has been published in Los Angeles, California since 1881.
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Macrophagic myofasciitis
Macrophagic Myofasciitis, or MMF, is a rare muscle disease identified in 1993.
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Measles
Measles is a highly contagious infectious disease caused by the measles virus.
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Medical Officer for Health
Medical Officer of Health, Medical Health Officer or District Medical Officer, is a title and commonly used for the senior government official of a health department or agency, usually at a municipal, county/district, state/province, or regional level.
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Medicine
Medicine is the science and practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.
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Meningitis
Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges.
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Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
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Military police
Military police (MP) are law enforcement agencies connected with, or part of, the military of a state.
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MMR vaccine
The MMR vaccine (also known as the MPR vaccine after the Latin names of the diseases) is an immunization vaccine against measles, mumps, and rubella (German measles).
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MMR vaccine controversy
The MMR vaccine controversy started with the 1998 publication of a fraudulent research paper in The Lancet linking the combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine to colitis and autism spectrum disorders.
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Mother Jones (magazine)
Mother Jones (abbreviated MoJo) is a progressive American magazine that focuses on news, commentary, and investigative reporting on topics including politics, the environment, human rights, and culture.
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Multiple sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a demyelinating disease in which the insulating covers of nerve cells in the brain and spinal cord are damaged.
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Nachman of Breslov
Nachman of Breslov (נחמן מברסלב), also known as Reb Nachman of Bratslav, Reb Nachman Breslover (רבי נחמן ברעסלאווער), Nachman from Uman (April 4, 1772 – October 16, 1810), was the founder of the Breslov Hasidic movement.
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National Academy of Medicine
The National Academy of Medicine (NAM), formerly called the Institute of Medicine (IoM), is an American nonprofit, non-governmental organization.
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National Academy of Sciences
The National Academy of Sciences (NAS) is a United States nonprofit, non-governmental organization.
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National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases
The National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases (NCIRD), formerly known as the National Immunization Program until April 2006, is charged with responsibility for the planning, coordination, and conduct of immunization activities in the United States.
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National Health Service
The National Health Service (NHS) is the name used for each of the public health services in the United Kingdom – the National Health Service in England, NHS Scotland, NHS Wales, and Health and Social Care in Northern Ireland – as well as a term to describe them collectively.
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Naturopathy
Naturopathy or naturopathic medicine is a form of alternative medicine that employs an array of pseudoscientific practices branded as "natural", "non-invasive", and as promoting "self-healing".
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Netherlands
The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.
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Newgate Prison
Newgate Prison was a prison in London, at the corner of Newgate Street and Old Bailey just inside the City of London.
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Newport, Wales
Newport (Casnewydd) is a cathedral and university city and unitary authority area in south east Wales.
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Nigeria
Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a federal republic in West Africa, bordering Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north.
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Northside, Dublin
The Northside (Taobh Ó Thuaidh) is the part of Dublin city that lies to the north of the River Liffey.
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Oswaldo Cruz
Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz, better known as Oswaldo Cruz (August 5, 1872 in São Luís do Paraitinga, São Paulo province, Brazil – February 11, 1917 in Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro state), was a Brazilian physician, pioneer bacteriologist, epidemiologist and public health officer and the founder of the Oswaldo Cruz Institute.
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Otitis media
Otitis media is a group of inflammatory diseases of the middle ear.
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Outbreak
In epidemiology, an outbreak is a sudden increase in occurrences of a disease in a particular time and place.
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Passive immunity
Passive immunity is the transfer of active humoral immunity in the form of ready-made antibodies.
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Pathogenesis
The pathogenesis of a disease is the biological mechanism (or mechanisms) that leads to the diseased state.
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Paul Offit
Paul A. Offit (born 27 March 1951) is an American pediatrician specializing in infectious diseases, vaccines, immunology, and virology.
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Pennsylvania General Assembly
The Pennsylvania General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.
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Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine
Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) is a pneumococcal vaccine and a conjugate vaccine used to protect infants, young children, and adults against disease caused by the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus).
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Pneumonia
Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung affecting primarily the small air sacs known as alveoli.
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Polio vaccine
Polio vaccines are vaccines used to prevent poliomyelitis (polio).
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Poliomyelitis
Poliomyelitis, often called polio or infantile paralysis, is an infectious disease caused by the poliovirus.
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Poliomyelitis eradication
Poliomyelitis eradication refers to a permanent elimination of all cases of poliomyelitis (polio) infection around the world.
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Poor relief
In English and British history, poor relief refers to government and ecclesiastical action to relieve poverty.
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PPG Industries
PPG Industries, Inc. is an American Fortune 500 company and global supplier of paints, coatings, and specialty materials.
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Precautionary principle
The precautionary principle (or precautionary approach) generally defines actions on issues considered to be uncertain, for instance applied in assessing risk management.
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Principle of double effect
The principle of double effect—also known as the rule of double effect; the doctrine of double effect, often abbreviated as DDE or PDE, double-effect reasoning; or simply double effect—is a set of ethical criteria which Christian philosophers, and some others, have advocated for evaluating the permissibility of acting when one's otherwise legitimate act (for example, relieving a terminally ill patient's pain) may also cause an effect one would otherwise be obliged to avoid (sedation and a slightly shortened life).
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Profit margin
Profit margin, net margin, net profit margin or net profit ratio is a measure of profitability.
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Rio de Janeiro
Rio de Janeiro (River of January), or simply Rio, is the second-most populous municipality in Brazil and the sixth-most populous in the Americas.
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Robert Koch
Robert Heinrich Hermann Koch (11 December 1843 – 27 May 1910) was a German physician and microbiologist.
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Rowland Hill (preacher)
Rowland Hill A.M. (1744–1833) was a popular English preacher, enthusiastic evangelical and an influential advocate of smallpox vaccination.
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Rubella
Rubella, also known as German measles or three-day measles, is an infection caused by the rubella virus.
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Schizophrenia
Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality.
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Science by press conference
Science by press conference (or science by press release) is the practice by which scientists put an unusual focus on publicizing results of research in the media.
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Scots law
Scots law is the legal system of Scotland.
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Seroconversion
In immunology, seroconversion is the time period during which a specific antibody develops and becomes detectable in the blood.
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Serum sickness
Serum sickness in humans is a reaction to proteins in antiserum derived from a non-human animal source, occurring 5–10 days after exposure.
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Smallpox
Smallpox was an infectious disease caused by one of two virus variants, Variola major and Variola minor.
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Smallpox vaccine
Smallpox vaccine, the first successful vaccine to be developed, was introduced by Edward Jenner in 1796.
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Spanish–American War
The Spanish–American War (Guerra hispano-americana or Guerra hispano-estadounidense; Digmaang Espanyol-Amerikano) was fought between the United States and Spain in 1898.
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St. Louis
St.
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Statesman Journal
The Statesman Journal is the major daily newspaper published in Salem, Oregon, United States.
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Stephan Lewandowsky
Stephan Lewandowsky (born 3 June 1958) is an Australian psychologist.
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Sudden infant death syndrome
Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS), also known as cot death or crib death, is the sudden unexplained death of a child less than one year of age.
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Supreme Court of the United States
The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS) is the highest federal court of the United States.
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Swansea
Swansea (Abertawe), is a coastal city and county, officially known as the City and County of Swansea (Dinas a Sir Abertawe) in Wales, UK.
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Sweden
Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.
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Syphilis
Syphilis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by the bacterium Treponema pallidum subspecies pallidum.
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Tetanus
Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is an infection characterized by muscle spasms.
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The BMJ
The BMJ is a weekly peer-reviewed medical journal.
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The Lancet
The Lancet is a weekly peer-reviewed general medical journal.
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The Sunday Times
The Sunday Times is the largest-selling British national newspaper in the "quality press" market category.
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The White Man's Burden
"The White Man's Burden: The United States and the Philippine Islands" (1899), by Rudyard Kipling, is a poem about the Philippine–American War (1899–1902), in which he invites the United States to assume colonial control of that country.
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Thiomersal
Thiomersal (INN), or thimerosal (USAN, JAN), is an organomercury compound.
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Thomas Aquinas
Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church.
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Thomas Jefferson
Thomas Jefferson (April 13, [O.S. April 2] 1743 – July 4, 1826) was an American Founding Father who was the principal author of the Declaration of Independence and later served as the third president of the United States from 1801 to 1809.
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Time (magazine)
Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.
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Toxoplasmosis
Toxoplasmosis is a parasitic disease caused by Toxoplasma gondii.
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Tuberculin
Tuberculin, also known as purified protein derivative, is a combination of proteins that are used in the diagnosis of tuberculosis.
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Tuberculosis
Tuberculosis (TB) is an infectious disease usually caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB).
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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United Kingdom general election, 1900
The 1900 United Kingdom general election was held between 26 September and 24 October 1900, following the dissolution of Parliament on 25 September.
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University of Edinburgh
The University of Edinburgh (abbreviated as Edin. in post-nominals), founded in 1582, is the sixth oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's ancient universities.
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Vaccination
Vaccination is the administration of antigenic material (a vaccine) to stimulate an individual's immune system to develop adaptive immunity to a pathogen.
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Vaccination Act
The UK Vaccination Acts of 1840, 1853, 1867 and 1898 were a series of legislative Acts passed by the Parliament of the United Kingdom regarding the vaccination policy of the country.
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Vaccination and religion
Vaccination and religion have interrelations of varying kinds.
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Vaccination policy
Vaccination policy refers to the health policy a government adopts in relation to vaccination.
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Vaccination schedule
A vaccination schedule is a series of vaccinations, including the timing of all doses, which may be either recommended or compulsory, depending on the country of residence.
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Vaccine
A vaccine is a biological preparation that provides active acquired immunity to a particular disease.
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Vaccine court
The Office of Special Masters of the U.S. Court of Federal Claims, popularly known as "vaccine court", administers a no-fault system for litigating vaccine injury claims.
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Vaccine injury
A vaccine injury is an injury caused by vaccination.
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Vaccine Revolt
The Vaccine Revolt or Vaccine Rebellion (Portuguese: Revolta da Vacina) was a period of civil disorder which occurred in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil (November 10–18, 1904).
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Variolation
Variolation or inoculation was the method first used to immunize an individual against smallpox (Variola) with material taken from a patient or a recently variolated individual in the hope that a mild, but protective infection would result.
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Wales
Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.
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Whooping cough
Whooping cough (also known as pertussis or 100-day cough) is a highly contagious bacterial disease.
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William Douglass (physician)
William Douglass (c. 1691–1752) was a physician in 18th-century Boston, Massachusetts, who wrote pamphlets on medicine, economics and politics that were often polemical.
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William Tebb
William Tebb (22 October 1830, Manchester – 23 January 1917, Burstow) was a British businessman and wide-ranging social reformer.
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World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.
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York
York is a historic walled city at the confluence of the rivers Ouse and Foss in North Yorkshire, England.
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Zabdiel Boylston
Zabdiel Boylston, FRS (March 9, 1679 in Brookline, Massachusetts – March 1, 1766) was a physician in the Boston area.
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2009 flu pandemic
The 2009 flu pandemic or swine flu was an influenza pandemic, and the second of the two pandemics involving H1N1 influenza virus (the first of them being the 1918 flu pandemic), albeit in a new version.
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2009 flu pandemic vaccine
The 2009 flu pandemic vaccines are the set of influenza vaccines that have been developed to protect against the pandemic H1N1/09 virus.
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Redirects here:
Alleged harm done by vaccine critics' successes, Anti-Vaxxer, Anti-vaccination, Anti-vaccination movement, Anti-vaccinationism, Anti-vaccinationist, Anti-vaccinationists, Anti-vaccinationists arguments against compulsion, Anti-vaccinationists vaccinationists, Anti-vaccinationists/Harm done by successes, Anti-vaccinationists/Vaccinationists, Anti-vaccinationists/arguments against compulsion, Anti-vaccine, Anti-vaccine conspiracy theories, Anti-vaccine movement, Anti-vaccine movements, Anti-vaccinist, Anti-vax, Anti-vaxer, Anti-vaxxer, Antivaccination, Antivaccinationism, Antivaccinationist, Antivaccine, Antivaccine movement, Antivaccinist, Antivax, Autism and vaccines, Autism-Vaccine Link, Beliefs that vaccines cause autism, Connection between childhood vaccination and autism, Harm done by anti-vaccinationists successes, Link between vaccines and autism, Opposition to vaccination, Organized opposition to widespread vaccination, Safety of vaccines, Too many too soon, Too many, too soon, Vaccinaphobia, Vaccination controversy, Vaccination critics, Vaccination denialism, Vaccination-autism controversy, Vaccine Critics, Vaccine controversy, Vaccine critic, Vaccine critics, Vaccine denial, Vaccine denialism, Vaccine hysteria, Vaccine overload, Vaccines and autism, Vaccines cause autism, Vaccines caused autism, Vaccinophobia.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vaccine_controversies
