61 relations: Alternation of generations, Archaeplastida, Cell nucleus, Cellular respiration, Chemical compound, Chromosome, Cooksonia, Cycad, Embryophyte, Equisetum, Eukaryote, Evapotranspiration, Fern, Fern ally, Flowering plant, Gametophyte, Ginkgoales, Gnetophyta, Gymnosperm, Holocene, Humidity, Hydrogen bond, International Association for Plant Taxonomy, Lignin, Lycopodiophyta, Lycopodiopsida, Molecule, Non-vascular plant, Nutrient, Osmosis, Oxford University Press, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, Phloem, Photosynthesis, Pinophyta, Ploidy, Progymnosperm, Pteridospermatophyta, Rhyniophytina, Ribosome, Salt (chemistry), Scots pine, Sieve tube element, Silurian, Spermatophyte, Sporophyte, Stoma, Streptophyta, Sucrose, Surface tension, ..., Thomas Cavalier-Smith, Tissue (biology), Tracheid, Transpiration, Trimerophytopsida, Vascular tissue, Vessel element, Viridiplantae, Water, Xylem, Zosterophyllopsida. Expand index (11 more) »
Alternation of generations
Alternation of generations (also known as metagenesis) is the type of life cycle that occurs in those plants and algae in the Archaeplastida and the Heterokontophyta that have distinct sexual haploid and asexual diploid stages.
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Archaeplastida
The Archaeplastida (or kingdom Plantae sensu lato) are a major group of eukaryotes, comprising the red algae (Rhodophyta), the green algae, and the land plants, together with a small group of freshwater unicellular algae called glaucophytes.
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Cell nucleus
In cell biology, the nucleus (pl. nuclei; from Latin nucleus or nuculeus, meaning kernel or seed) is a membrane-enclosed organelle found in eukaryotic cells.
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Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
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Chemical compound
A chemical compound is a chemical substance composed of many identical molecules (or molecular entities) composed of atoms from more than one element held together by chemical bonds.
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Chromosome
A chromosome (from Ancient Greek: χρωμόσωμα, chromosoma, chroma means colour, soma means body) is a DNA molecule with part or all of the genetic material (genome) of an organism.
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Cooksonia
Cooksonia is an extinct grouping of primitive land plants.
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Cycad
Cycads are seed plants with a long fossil history that were formerly more abundant and more diverse than they are today.
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Embryophyte
The Embryophyta are the most familiar group of green plants that form vegetation on earth.
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Equisetum
Equisetum (horsetail, snake grass, puzzlegrass) is the only living genus in Equisetaceae, a family of vascular plants that reproduce by spores rather than seeds.
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Eukaryote
Eukaryotes are organisms whose cells have a nucleus enclosed within membranes, unlike Prokaryotes (Bacteria and other Archaea).
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Evapotranspiration
Evapotranspiration (ET) is the sum of evaporation and plant transpiration from the Earth's land and ocean surface to the atmosphere.
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Fern
A fern is a member of a group of vascular plants that reproduce via spores and have neither seeds nor flowers.
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Fern ally
Fern allies are a diverse group of seedless vascular plants that are not true ferns.
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Flowering plant
The flowering plants, also known as angiosperms, Angiospermae or Magnoliophyta, are the most diverse group of land plants, with 416 families, approximately 13,164 known genera and c. 295,383 known species.
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Gametophyte
A gametophyte is one of the two alternating phases in the life cycle of plants and algae.
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Ginkgoales
Ginkgoales or Ginkgophyte is a gymnosperm order containing only one extant species: Ginkgo biloba, the ginkgo tree.
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Gnetophyta
Gnetophyta is a division of plants, grouped within the gymnosperms (which also includes conifers, cycads, and ginkgos), that consists of some 70 species across the three relict genera: Gnetum (family Gnetaceae), Welwitschia (family Welwitschiaceae), and Ephedra (family Ephedraceae).
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Gymnosperm
The gymnosperms are a group of seed-producing plants that includes conifers, cycads, Ginkgo, and gnetophytes.
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Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch.
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Humidity
Humidity is the amount of water vapor present in the air.
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Hydrogen bond
A hydrogen bond is a partially electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen (H) which is bound to a more electronegative atom such as nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F), and another adjacent atom bearing a lone pair of electrons.
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International Association for Plant Taxonomy
The International Association for Plant Taxonomy (IAPT) promotes an understanding of plant biodiversity, facilitates international communication of research between botanists, and oversees matters of uniformity and stability in plant names.
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Lignin
Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form important structural materials in the support tissues of vascular plants and some algae. Lignins are particularly important in the formation of cell walls, especially in wood and bark, because they lend rigidity and do not rot easily. Chemically, lignins are cross-linked phenolic polymers.
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Lycopodiophyta
The Division Lycopodiophyta (sometimes called lycophyta or lycopods) is a tracheophyte subgroup of the Kingdom Plantae.
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Lycopodiopsida
Lycopodiopsida is a class of herbaceous vascular plants known as the clubmosses and firmosses.
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Molecule
A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
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Non-vascular plant
Non-vascular plants are plants without a vascular system consisting of xylem and phloem.
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Nutrient
A nutrient is a substance used by an organism to survive, grow, and reproduce.
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Osmosis
Osmosis is the spontaneous net movement of solvent molecules through a selectively permeable membrane into a region of higher solute concentration, in the direction that tends to equalize the solute concentrations on the two sides.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.
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Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B
Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences is a biweekly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Royal Society.
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Phloem
In vascular plants, phloem is the living tissue that transports the soluble organic compounds made during photosynthesis and known as photosynthates, in particular the sugar sucrose, to parts of the plant where needed.
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Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities (energy transformation).
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Pinophyta
The Pinophyta, also known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae, or commonly as conifers, are a division of vascular land plants containing a single extant class, Pinopsida.
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Ploidy
Ploidy is the number of complete sets of chromosomes in a cell, and hence the number of possible alleles for autosomal and pseudoautosomal genes.
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Progymnosperm
The progymnosperms are an extinct group of woody, spore-bearing plants that is presumed to have evolved from the trimerophytes, and eventually gave rise to the gymnosperms.
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Pteridospermatophyta
The term Pteridospermatophyta (or "seed ferns" or "Pteridospermatopsida") refers to several distinct groups of extinct seed-bearing plants (spermatophytes).
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Rhyniophytina
Rhyniophytina is a subdivision of extinct early vascular plants that are considered to be similar to the genus Rhynia, found in the Early Devonian (around). Sources vary in the name and rank used for this group, some treating it as the class Rhyniopsida, others as the division Rhyniophyta.
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Ribosome
The ribosome is a complex molecular machine, found within all living cells, that serves as the site of biological protein synthesis (translation).
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Salt (chemistry)
In chemistry, a salt is an ionic compound that can be formed by the neutralization reaction of an acid and a base.
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Scots pine
Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) is a species of pine that is native to Eurasia, ranging from Western Europe to Eastern Siberia, south to the Caucasus Mountains and Anatolia, and north to well inside the Arctic Circle in Scandinavia.
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Sieve tube element
Sieve elements are specialized cells that are important for the function of phloem, which is highly organized tissue that transports organic compounds made during photosynthesis.
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Silurian
The Silurian is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya.
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Spermatophyte
The spermatophytes, also known as phanerogams or phenogamae, comprise those plants that produce seeds, hence the alternative name seed plants.
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Sporophyte
A sporophyte is the diploid multicellular stage in the life cycle of a plant or alga.
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Stoma
In botany, a stoma (plural "stomata"), also called a stomata (plural "stomates") (from Greek στόμα, "mouth"), is a pore, found in the epidermis of leaves, stems, and other organs, that facilitates gas exchange.
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Streptophyta
Streptophyta, informally the streptophytes (from the Greek strepto, for twisted, i.e., the morphology of the sperm of some members), is an unranked clade of plants.
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Sucrose
Sucrose is common table sugar.
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Surface tension
Surface tension is the elastic tendency of a fluid surface which makes it acquire the least surface area possible.
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Thomas Cavalier-Smith
Thomas (Tom) Cavalier-Smith, FRS, FRSC, NERC Professorial Fellow (born 21 October 1942), is a Professor of Evolutionary Biology in the Department of Zoology, at the University of Oxford.
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Tissue (biology)
In biology, tissue is a cellular organizational level between cells and a complete organ.
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Tracheid
Tracheids are elongated cells in the xylem of vascular plants that serve in the transport of water and mineral salts.
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Transpiration
Transpiration is the process of water movement through a plant and its evaporation from aerial parts, such as leaves, stems and flowers.
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Trimerophytopsida
Trimerophytopsida (or Trimeropsida) is a class of early vascular plants from the Devonian, informally called trimerophytes.
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Vascular tissue
Vascular tissue is a complex conducting tissue, formed of more than one cell type, found in vascular plants.
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Vessel element
A vessel element or vessel member (trachea) is one of the cell types found in xylem, the water conducting tissue of plants.
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Viridiplantae
Viridiplantae (literally "green plants") are a clade of eukaryotic organisms made up of the green algae, which are primarily aquatic, and the land plants (embryophytes), which emerged within them.
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Water
Water is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth's streams, lakes, and oceans, and the fluids of most living organisms.
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Xylem
Xylem is one of the two types of transport tissue in vascular plants, phloem being the other.
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Zosterophyllopsida
The zosterophylls were a group of extinct land plants that first appeared in the Silurian period.
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Cormogens, Higher plant, Higher plants, Tracheiophytes, Tracheobionta, Tracheophyta, Tracheophyte, Tracheophytes, Vascular Plants, Vascular plants, Vascular species.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vascular_plant