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IEEE 802.11

Index IEEE 802.11

IEEE 802.11 is a set of media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in the 900 MHz and 2.4, 3.6, 5, and 60 GHz frequency bands. [1]

153 relations: Advanced Encryption Standard, Aerohive Networks, Amateur radio, Apple Inc., Aruba Networks, AT&T Corporation, Attenuation, Backhaul (telecommunications), Beacon frame, Bit rate, Bluetooth, Bluetooth Low Energy, Cable modem, Canada, Center frequency, China, Cisco Systems, CNET, Cognitive radio, Comparison of wireless data standards, Cordless telephone, Data-rate units, Datagram, Decibel, Digital subscriber line, Direct-sequence spread spectrum, Duplex (telecommunications), Ethernet, EtherType, ETSI, Expansion card, Extensible Authentication Protocol, Extremely high frequency, Federal Communications Commission, Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack, Forward error correction, Frame check sequence, France, Frequency allocation, Frequency-hopping spread spectrum, Fujitsu Ltd. v. Netgear Inc., Gi-Fi, Global Positioning System, Goodput, Hertz, IEEE 802, IEEE 802.1, IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode), IEEE 802.11 RTS/CTS, ..., IEEE 802.11a-1999, IEEE 802.11ac, IEEE 802.11af, IEEE 802.11ah, IEEE 802.11ai, IEEE 802.11ax, IEEE 802.11b-1999, IEEE 802.11c, IEEE 802.11d-2001, IEEE 802.11e-2005, IEEE 802.11g-2003, IEEE 802.11h-2003, IEEE 802.11i-2004, IEEE 802.11j-2004, IEEE 802.11k-2008, IEEE 802.11mc, IEEE 802.11n-2009, IEEE 802.11p, IEEE 802.11r-2008, IEEE 802.11s, IEEE 802.11u, IEEE 802.11v, IEEE 802.11w-2009, IEEE 802.11y-2008, IEEE 802.1D, IEEE 802.2, IEEE 802.3, IEEE Standards Association, Information element, Infrared, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inter-Access Point Protocol, Interference (communication), Internet, IOS, ISM band, Japan, Laptop, Link adaptation, List of WLAN channels, Local area network, Lowest common denominator, LSI Corporation, LTE-WLAN Aggregation, MAC address, Medium access control, Mesh networking, Metropolitan area network, Microwave, Microwave oven, MIMO, Modulation, Multi-user MIMO, NCR Corporation, Near–far problem, Network management, Nieuwegein, Operating system Wi-Fi support, Organizationally unique identifier, Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing, People counter, Physical layer, Printer (computing), Quadrature amplitude modulation, Quality of service, Radio frequency, RADIUS, RC4, Service Access Point, Service set (802.11 network), Smartphone, Space–time block code, Spain, Spectral mask, Spectrum analyzer, Subnetwork Access Protocol, TCP congestion control, Timeline, Title 47 CFR Part 15, Title 47 CFR Part 97, TU (Time Unit), TV White Space Database, U-NII, Ultra high frequency, Ultra-wideband, United States, United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team, University of California, Berkeley, User Datagram Protocol, Very high frequency, Vic Hayes, WaveLAN, White spaces (radio), Wi-Fi, Wi-Fi Alliance, Wi-Fi Protected Access, Wi-Fi Protected Setup, Wired Equivalent Privacy, Wireless community network, Wireless Gigabit Alliance, Wireless LAN, Wireless network interface controller, Wireless USB. Expand index (103 more) »

Advanced Encryption Standard

The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known by its original name Rijndael, is a specification for the encryption of electronic data established by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001.

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Aerohive Networks

Aerohive Networks is an American multinational computer networking equipment company headquartered in Milpitas, California, with 17 additional offices worldwide.

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Amateur radio

Amateur radio, also known as ham radio, describes the use of radio frequency spectrum for purposes of non-commercial exchange of messages, wireless experimentation, self-training, private recreation, radiosport, contesting, and emergency communication.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Aruba Networks

Aruba, a Hewlett Packard Enterprise Company, is a vendor of data networking solutions for enterprises and businesses worldwide.

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AT&T Corporation

AT&T Corp., originally the American Telephone and Telegraph Company, is the subsidiary of AT&T that provides voice, video, data, and Internet telecommunications and professional services to businesses, consumers, and government agencies.

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Attenuation

In physics, attenuation or, in some contexts, extinction is the gradual loss of flux intensity through a medium.

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Backhaul (telecommunications)

In a hierarchical telecommunications network the backhaul portion of the network comprises the intermediate links between the core network, or backbone network, and the small subnetworks at the "edge" of the entire hierarchical network.

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Beacon frame

Beacon frame is one of the management frames in IEEE 802.11 based WLANs.

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Bit rate

In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.

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Bluetooth

Bluetooth is a wireless technology standard for exchanging data over short distances (using short-wavelength UHF radio waves in the ISM band from 2.4 to 2.485GHz) from fixed and mobile devices, and building personal area networks (PANs).

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Bluetooth Low Energy

Bluetooth Low Energy (Bluetooth LE, colloquially BLE, formerly marketed as Bluetooth Smart) is a wireless personal area network technology designed and marketed by the Bluetooth Special Interest Group (Bluetooth SIG) aimed at novel applications in the healthcare, fitness, beacons, security, and home entertainment industries.

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Cable modem

A cable modem is a type of network bridge that provides bi-directional data communication via radio frequency channels on a hybrid fibre-coaxial (HFC) and radio frequency over glass (RFoG) infrastructure.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Center frequency

In electrical engineering and telecommunications, the center frequency of a filter or channel is a measure of a central frequency between the upper and lower cutoff frequencies.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Cisco Systems

Cisco Systems, Inc. is an American multinational technology conglomerate headquartered in San Jose, California, in the center of Silicon Valley, that develops, manufactures and sells networking hardware, telecommunications equipment and other high-technology services and products.

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CNET

CNET (stylized as c|net) is an American media website that publishes reviews, news, articles, blogs, podcasts and videos on technology and consumer electronics globally.

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Cognitive radio

A cognitive radio (CR) is a radio that can be programmed and configured dynamically to use the best wireless channels in its vicinity to avoid user interference and congestion.

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Comparison of wireless data standards

A wide variety of different wireless data technologies exist, some in direct competition with one another, others designed for specific applications.

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Cordless telephone

A cordless telephone or portable telephone is a telephone in which the handset is portable and communicates with the body of the phone by radio, instead of being attached by a cord.

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Data-rate units

In telecommunications, data-transfer rate is the average number of bits (bitrate), characters or symbols (baudrate), or data blocks per unit time passing through a communication link in a data-transmission system.

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Datagram

A datagram is a basic transfer unit associated with a packet-switched network.

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Decibel

The decibel (symbol: dB) is a unit of measurement used to express the ratio of one value of a physical property to another on a logarithmic scale.

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Digital subscriber line

Digital subscriber line (DSL; originally digital subscriber loop) is a family of technologies that are used to transmit digital data over telephone lines.

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Direct-sequence spread spectrum

In telecommunications, direct-sequence spread spectrum (DSSS) is a spread spectrum modulation technique used to reduce overall signal interference.

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Duplex (telecommunications)

A duplex communication system is a point-to-point system composed of two or more connected parties or devices that can communicate with one another in both directions.

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Ethernet

Ethernet is a family of computer networking technologies commonly used in local area networks (LAN), metropolitan area networks (MAN) and wide area networks (WAN).

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EtherType

EtherType is a two-octet field in an Ethernet frame.

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ETSI

The European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) is an independent, not-for-profit, standardization organization in the telecommunications industry (equipment makers and network operators) in Europe, headquartered in Sophia-Antipolis, France, with worldwide projection.

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Expansion card

In computing, the expansion card, expansion board, adapter card or accessory card is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical connector, or expansion slot, on a computer motherboard, backplane or riser card to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus.

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Extensible Authentication Protocol

Extensible Authentication Protocol, or EAP, is an authentication framework frequently used in wireless networks and point-to-point connections.

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Extremely high frequency

Extremely high frequency (EHF) is the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) designation for the band of radio frequencies in the electromagnetic spectrum from 30 to 300 gigahertz (GHz).

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Federal Communications Commission

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States government created by statute (and) to regulate interstate communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable.

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Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack

In cryptography, the Fluhrer, Mantin and Shamir attack is a stream cipher attack on the widely used RC4 stream cipher.

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Forward error correction

In telecommunication, information theory, and coding theory, forward error correction (FEC) or channel coding is a technique used for controlling errors in data transmission over unreliable or noisy communication channels.

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Frame check sequence

A frame check sequence (FCS) refers to the extra error-detecting code added to a frame in a communications protocol.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Frequency allocation

Frequency allocation (or spectrum allocation or spectrum management) is the allocation and regulation of the electromagnetic spectrum into radio frequency bands, which is normally done by governments in most countries.

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Frequency-hopping spread spectrum

Frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) is a method of transmitting radio signals by rapidly switching a carrier among many frequency channels, using a pseudorandom sequence known to both transmitter and receiver.

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Fujitsu Ltd. v. Netgear Inc.

Fujitsu Ltd v. Netgear Inc was a patent infringement case centered on three patents claimed to be required for full compliance of the IEEE 802.11 (WiFi) standard and the WiFi Alliance Wireless Multimedia Extensions (WMM) Specification.

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Gi-Fi

Gi-Fi or gigabit wireless refers to a wireless communication at a data rate of more than one billion bits (gigabit) per second.

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Global Positioning System

The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Air Force.

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Goodput

In computer networks, goodput is the application-level throughput (i.e. the number of useful information bits delivered by the network to a certain destination per unit of time).

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Hertz

The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second.

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IEEE 802

IEEE 802 is a family of IEEE standards dealing with local area networks and metropolitan area networks.

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IEEE 802.1

IEEE 802.1 is a working group of the IEEE 802 project of the IEEE Standards Association.

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IEEE 802.11

IEEE 802.11 is a set of media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in the 900 MHz and 2.4, 3.6, 5, and 60 GHz frequency bands.

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IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode)

IEEE 802.11 (legacy mode) or more correctly IEEE 802.11-1997 or IEEE 802.11-1999 refer to the original version of the IEEE 802.11 wireless networking standard released in 1997 and clarified in 1999.

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IEEE 802.11 RTS/CTS

RTS/CTS (Request to Send / Clear to Send) is the optional mechanism used by the 802.11 wireless networking protocol to reduce frame collisions introduced by the hidden node problem.

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IEEE 802.11a-1999

IEEE 802.11a-1999 or 802.11a was an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 wireless local network specifications that defined requirements for an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system.

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IEEE 802.11ac

IEEE 802.11ac is a wireless networking standard in the 802.11 family (which is marketed under the brand name Wi-Fi), developed in the IEEE Standards Association, providing high-throughput wireless local area networks (WLANs) on the 5 GHz band.

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IEEE 802.11af

IEEE 802.11af, also referred to as White-Fi and Super Wi-Fi, is a wireless computer networking standard in the 802.11 family, that allows wireless local area network (WLAN) operation in TV white space spectrum in the VHF and UHF bands between 54 and 790 MHz.

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IEEE 802.11ah

IEEE 802.11ah is a wireless networking protocol published in 2017 to be called Wi-Fi HaLow (pronounced "HEY-Low") as an amendment of the IEEE 802.11-2007 wireless networking standard.

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IEEE 802.11ai

IEEE 802.11ai is a Wireless LAN study group in the IEEE that since June 2017 has standardized a fast initial link setup (FILS) function that enable a wireless LAN client to achieve a secure link setup within 100ms.

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IEEE 802.11ax

IEEE 802.11ax is a type of WLAN in the IEEE 802.11 set of types of WLANs.

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IEEE 802.11b-1999

IEEE 802.11b-1999 or 802.11b, is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 wireless networking specification that extends throughput up to 11 Mbit/s using the same 2.4GHz band.

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IEEE 802.11c

IEEE 802.11c is an amendment to the IEEE 802.1D MAC bridging standard to incorporate bridging in wireless bridges or access points.

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IEEE 802.11d-2001

IEEE 802.11d-2001 is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that adds support for "additional regulatory domains".

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IEEE 802.11e-2005

IEEE 802.11e-2005 or 802.11e is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard that defines a set of quality of service (QoS) enhancements for wireless LAN applications through modifications to the Media Access Control (MAC) layer.

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IEEE 802.11g-2003

IEEE 802.11g-2003 or 802.11g is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 specification that extended throughput to up to 54 Mbit/s using the same 2.4 GHz band as 802.11b.

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IEEE 802.11h-2003

IEEE 802.11h-2003, or just 802.11h, refers to the amendment added to the IEEE 802.11 standard for Spectrum and Transmit Power Management Extensions.

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IEEE 802.11i-2004

IEEE 802.11i-2004, or 802.11i for short, is an amendment to the original IEEE 802.11, implemented as Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2).

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IEEE 802.11j-2004

802.11j-2004 or 802.11j is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard designed specially for Japanese market.

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IEEE 802.11k-2008

IEEE 802.11k-2008 is an amendment to IEEE 802.11-2007 standard for radio resource management.

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IEEE 802.11mc

IEEE 802.11mc, more commonly known as WiFi Round-Trip-Time (WiFi RTT), allows computing devices to measure the distance to nearby Wifi access points (APs) and determine their exact indoor location.

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IEEE 802.11n-2009

IEEE 802.11n-2009, commonly shortened to 802.11n, is a wireless-networking standard that uses multiple antennas to increase data rates.

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IEEE 802.11p

IEEE 802.11p is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to add wireless access in vehicular environments (WAVE), a vehicular communication system.

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IEEE 802.11r-2008

IEEE 802.11r-2008 or fast BSS transition (FT), also called fast roaming, is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to permit continuous connectivity aboard wireless devices in motion, with fast and secure handoffs from one base station to another managed in a seamless manner.

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IEEE 802.11s

IEEE 802.11s is Wireless LAN standard and an IEEE 802.11 amendment for mesh networking, defining how wireless devices can interconnect to create a WLAN mesh network, which may be used for relatively fixed (not mobile) topologies and wireless ad hoc networks.

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IEEE 802.11u

IEEE 802.11u-2011 is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11-2007 standard to add features that improve interworking with external networks.

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IEEE 802.11v

IEEE 802.11v is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to allow configuration of client devices while connected to wireless networks.

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IEEE 802.11w-2009

IEEE 802.11w-2009 is an approved amendment to the IEEE 802.11 standard to increase the security of its management frames.

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IEEE 802.11y-2008

IEEE 802.11y-2008 is an amendment to the IEEE 802.11-2007 standard that enables high powered data transfer equipment to operate using the 802.11a protocol on a co-primary basis in the 3650 to 3700 MHz band in the United States, except when near a grandfathered satellite earth station.

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IEEE 802.1D

802.1D is the IEEE MAC Bridges standard which includes Bridging, Spanning Tree and others.

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IEEE 802.2

IEEE 802.2 is the original name of the ISO/IEC 8802-2 standard which defines logical link control (LLC) as the upper portion of the data link layer of the OSI Model.

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IEEE 802.3

IEEE 802.3 is a working group and a collection of Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) standards produced by the working group defining the physical layer and data link layer's media access control (MAC) of wired Ethernet.

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IEEE Standards Association

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Standards Association (IEEE-SA) is an organization within IEEE that develops global standards in a broad range of industries, including: power and energy, biomedical and health care, information technology and robotics, telecommunication and home automation, transportation, nanotechnology, information assurance, and many more.

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Information element

An information element, sometimes informally referred to as a field, is an item in Q.931 and Q.2931 messages, IEEE 802.11 management frames, and cellular network messages sent between a base transceiver station and a mobile phone or similar piece of user equipment.

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Infrared

Infrared radiation (IR) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, and is therefore generally invisible to the human eye (although IR at wavelengths up to 1050 nm from specially pulsed lasers can be seen by humans under certain conditions). It is sometimes called infrared light.

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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a professional association with its corporate office in New York City and its operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey.

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Inter-Access Point Protocol

Inter-Access Point Protocol or IEEE 802.11F is a recommendation that describes an optional extension to IEEE 802.11 that provides wireless access point communications among multivendor systems.

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Interference (communication)

In communications and electronics, especially in telecommunications, interference is anything which modifies, or disrupts a signal as it travels along a channel between a source and a receiver.

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Internet

The Internet is the global system of interconnected computer networks that use the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP) to link devices worldwide.

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IOS

iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware.

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ISM band

The industrial, scientific and medical (ISM) radio bands are radio bands (portions of the radio spectrum) reserved internationally for the use of radio frequency (RF) energy for industrial, scientific and medical purposes other than telecommunications.

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Japan

Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.

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Laptop

A laptop, also called a notebook computer or just notebook, is a small, portable personal computer with a "clamshell" form factor, having, typically, a thin LCD or LED computer screen mounted on the inside of the upper lid of the "clamshell" and an alphanumeric keyboard on the inside of the lower lid.

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Link adaptation

Link adaptation, or adaptive coding and modulation (ACM), is a term used in wireless communications to denote the matching of the modulation, coding and other signal and protocol parameters to the conditions on the radio link (e.g. the pathloss, the interference due to signals coming from other transmitters, the sensitivity of the receiver, the available transmitter power margin, etc.). For example, WiMAX uses a rate adaptation algorithm that adapts the modulation and coding scheme (MCS) according to the quality of the radio channel, and thus the bit rate and robustness of data transmission.

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List of WLAN channels

Pass:   18030794 channels using IEEE 802.11 protocols are sold mostly under the trademark WiFi.

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Local area network

A local area network (LAN) is a computer network that interconnects computers within a limited area such as a residence, school, laboratory, university campus or office building.

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Lowest common denominator

In mathematics, the lowest common denominator or least common denominator (abbreviated LCD) is the lowest common multiple of the denominators of a set of fractions.

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LSI Corporation

LSI Corporation was an American company based in San Jose, California which designed semiconductors and software that accelerate storage and networking in data centers, mobile networks and client computing.

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LTE-WLAN Aggregation

LTE-WLAN aggregation (LWA) is a technology defined by the 3GPP.

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MAC address

A media access control address (MAC address) of a device is a unique identifier assigned to a network interface controller (NIC) for communications at the data link layer of a network segment.

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Medium access control

In IEEE 802 LAN/MAN standards, the medium access control (MAC) sublayer (also known as the media access control sublayer) and the logical link control (LLC) sublayer together make up the data link layer.

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Mesh networking

A mesh network is a local network topology in which the infrastructure nodes (i.e. bridges, switches and other infrastructure devices) connect directly, dynamically and non-hierarchically to as many other nodes as possible and cooperate with one another to efficiently route data from/to clients.

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Metropolitan area network

A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a that interconnects users with computer resources in a geographic area or region larger than that covered by even a large local area network (LAN) but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network (WAN).

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Microwave

Microwaves are a form of electromagnetic radiation with wavelengths ranging from one meter to one millimeter; with frequencies between and.

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Microwave oven

A microwave oven (also commonly referred to as a microwave) is an electric oven that heats and cooks food by exposing it to electromagnetic radiation in the microwave frequency range.

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MIMO

In radio, multiple-input and multiple-output, or MIMO (pronounced or), is a method for multiplying the capacity of a radio link using multiple transmit and receive antennas to exploit multipath propagation.

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Modulation

In electronics and telecommunications, modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform, called the carrier signal, with a modulating signal that typically contains information to be transmitted.

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Multi-user MIMO

Multi-user MIMO (MU-MIMO) is a set of multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) technologies for wireless communication, in which a set of users or wireless terminals, each with one or more antennas, communicate with each other.

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NCR Corporation

The NCR Corporation (originally National Cash Register) is a company that makes self-service kiosks, point-of-sale terminals, automated teller machines, check processing systems, barcode scanners, and business consumables.

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Near–far problem

The near–far problem or hearability problem is a situation that is common in wireless communication systems, in particular, CDMA.

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Network management

Network management is the process of administering and managing computer networks.

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Nieuwegein

Nieuwegein is a municipality and city in the Dutch province of Utrecht.

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Operating system Wi-Fi support

Operating system Wi-Fi support is the support in the operating system for Wi-Fi and usually consists of two pieces: driver level support, and configuration and management support.

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Organizationally unique identifier

An organizationally unique identifier (OUI) is a 24-bit number that uniquely identifies a vendor, manufacturer, or other organization.

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Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing

In telecommunications, orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing (OFDM) is a method of encoding digital data on multiple carrier frequencies.

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People counter

A people counter is an electronic device that is used to measure the number of people traversing a certain passage or entrance.

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Physical layer

In the seven-layer OSI model of computer networking, the physical layer or layer 1 is the first and lowest layer.

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Printer (computing)

In computing, a printer is a peripheral device which makes a persistent human-readable representation of graphics or text on paper.

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Quadrature amplitude modulation

Quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is the name of a family of digital modulation methods and a related family of analog modulation methods widely used in modern telecommunications to transmit information.

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Quality of service

Quality of service (QoS) is the description or measurement of the overall performance of a service, such as a telephony or computer network or a cloud computing service, particularly the performance seen by the users of the network.

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Radio frequency

Radio frequency (RF) refers to oscillatory change in voltage or current in a circuit, waveguide or transmission line in the range extending from around twenty thousand times per second to around three hundred billion times per second, roughly between the upper limit of audio and the lower limit of infrared.

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RADIUS

Remote Authentication Dial-In User Service (RADIUS) is a networking protocol, operating on port 1812 that provides centralized Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA or Triple A) management for users who connect and use a network service.

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RC4

In cryptography, RC4 (Rivest Cipher 4 also known as ARC4 or ARCFOUR meaning Alleged RC4, see below) is a stream cipher.

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Service Access Point

A Service Access Point (SAP) is an identifying label for network endpoints used in Open Systems Interconnection (OSI) networking.

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Service set (802.11 network)

In IEEE 802.11 wireless local area networking standards, a service set is a group of wireless network devices that are operating with the same networking parameters.

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Smartphone

A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most, if not all, smartphones also support Wi-Fi.

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Space–time block code

Space–time block coding is a technique used in wireless communications to transmit multiple copies of a data stream across a number of antennas and to exploit the various received versions of the data to improve the reliability of data transfer.

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Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

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Spectral mask

In telecommunications, a spectral mask, also known as a channel mask or transmission mask, is a mathematically-defined set of lines applied to the levels of radio (or optical) transmissions.

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Spectrum analyzer

A spectrum analyzer measures the magnitude of an input signal versus frequency within the full frequency range of the instrument.

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Subnetwork Access Protocol

The Subnetwork Access Protocol (SNAP) is a mechanism for multiplexing, on networks using IEEE 802.2 LLC, more protocols than can be distinguished by the 8-bit 802.2 Service Access Point (SAP) fields.

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TCP congestion control

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) uses a network congestion-avoidance algorithm that includes various aspects of an additive increase/multiplicative decrease (AIMD) scheme, with other schemes such as slow-start and congestion window to achieve congestion avoidance.

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Timeline

A timeline is a display of a list of events in chronological order.

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Title 47 CFR Part 15

Code of Federal Regulations, Title 47, Part 15 (47 CFR 15) is an oft-quoted part of Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and regulations regarding unlicensed transmissions.

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Title 47 CFR Part 97

In the U.S., Part 97 is the section of Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and regulations that pertains to amateur radio and the conduct of amateur radio operators.

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TU (Time Unit)

A time unit (TU) is a unit of time equal to 1024 microseconds.

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TV White Space Database

TV White Space database, also commonly referred to as geolocation database, is an entity that controls the TV spectrum utilization by unlicensed white spaces devices within a determined geographical area.

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U-NII

The Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure (U-NII) radio band is part of the radio frequency spectrum used by IEEE-802.11a devices and by many wireless ISPs.

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Ultra high frequency

Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies in the range between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 3 gigahertz (GHz), also known as the decimetre band as the wavelengths range from one meter to one decimeter.

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Ultra-wideband

Ultra-wideband (also known as UWB, ultra-wide band and ultraband) is a radio technology that can use a very low energy level for short-range, high-bandwidth communications over a large portion of the radio spectrum.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team

The United States Computer Emergency Readiness Team (US-CERT) is an organization within the Department of Homeland Security’s (DHS) National Protection and Programs Directorate (NPPD).

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University of California, Berkeley

The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public research university in Berkeley, California.

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User Datagram Protocol

In computer networking, the User Datagram Protocol (UDP) is one of the core members of the Internet protocol suite.

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Very high frequency

Very high frequency (VHF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) from 30 to 300 megahertz (MHz), with corresponding wavelengths of ten to one meter.

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Vic Hayes

Victor "Vic" Hayes (born July 31, 1941 Surabaya, Dutch East Indies) is a former Senior Research Fellow at the Delft University of Technology.

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WaveLAN

WaveLAN was a brand name for a family of wireless networking technology sold by NCR, AT&T, and Lucent, as well as being sold by other companies under OEM agreements.

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White spaces (radio)

In telecommunications, white spaces refer to frequencies allocated to a broadcasting service but not used locally.

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Wi-Fi

Wi-Fi or WiFi is technology for radio wireless local area networking of devices based on the IEEE 802.11 standards.

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Wi-Fi Alliance

Wi-Fi Alliance is a non-profit organization that promotes Wi-Fi technology and certifies Wi-Fi products if they conform to certain standards of interoperability.

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Wi-Fi Protected Access

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) and Wi-Fi Protected Access II (WPA2) are two security protocols and security certification programs developed by the Wi-Fi Alliance to secure wireless computer networks.

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Wi-Fi Protected Setup

Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS; originally, Wi-Fi Simple Config) is a network security standard to create a secure wireless home network.

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Wired Equivalent Privacy

Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) is a security algorithm for IEEE 802.11 wireless networks.

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Wireless community network

Wireless community networks or wireless community projects are the organizations that attempt to take a grassroots approach to providing a viable alternative to municipal wireless networks for consumers.

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Wireless Gigabit Alliance

The Wireless Gigabit Alliance (WiGig) was a trade association that developed and promoted the adoption of multi-gigabit per second speed wireless communications technology operating over the unlicensed 60 GHz frequency band.

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Wireless LAN

A wireless local area network (WLAN) is a wireless computer network that links two or more devices using wireless communication within a limited area such as a home, school, computer laboratory, or office building.

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Wireless network interface controller

A wireless network interface controller (WNIC) is a network interface controller which connects to a wireless radio-based computer network, rather than a wired network, such as Token Ring or Ethernet.

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Wireless USB

Wireless USB is a short-range, high-bandwidth wireless radio communication protocol created by the Wireless USB Promoter Group which intends to further increase the availability of general USB-based technologies.

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802 11, 802-11, 802.11, 802.11 a/b/g/n, 802.11 b/g/n, 802.11 security protocols, 802.11a/b/g/n, 802.11aa, 802.11aj, 802.11aq, 802.11b/g/n, 802.11l, 802.11m, 802.11o, 802.11q, 802.11t, History of IEEE 802.11, IEEE 802.11-2007, IEEE 802.11-2012, IEEE 802.11-2016, IEEE 802.11T, IEEE 802.11aj, IEEE 802.11aq, IEEE 802.11m, IEEE 802.11t, IEEE 802.11x, IEEE 802.11z, Ieee 802.11, List of WLAN frames, List of wlan frames, Probe request, Regdomain, Wi-Fi technical information, Wireless Ethernet.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IEEE_802.11

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