Table of Contents
252 relations: Aerial refueling, Aerodynamic center, Aerodynamics, Aeronautics, Aerospace engineering, Aerostat, AeroVironment Nano Hummingbird, Afterburner, Air traffic control, Air transports of heads of state and government, Air travel, Air warfare of World War II, Airbreathing jet engine, Airbus A300, Airbus A380, Airbus Beluga, Aircraft design process, Aircraft dope, Aircraft engine, Aircraft fabric covering, Aircraft flight control system, Aircraft flight dynamics, Aircraft fuel system, Aircraft hijacking, Aircraft noise pollution, Aircraft pilot, Aircraft principal axes, Aircraft spotting, Aircrew, Airfoil, Airframe, Airlines for America, Airmail, Airplane, Airport, Airship, Airspeed, American Civil War, Angle of attack, Angular displacement, Antonov An-124 Ruslan, Antonov An-225 Mriya, Aspect ratio, Atmosphere of Earth, Attack aircraft, Attack helicopter, Autogyro, Avgas, Aviation, Aviation between the World Wars, ... Expand index (202 more) »
Aerial refueling
Aerial refueling, also referred to as air refueling, in-flight refueling (IFR), air-to-air refueling (AAR), and tanking, is the process of transferring aviation fuel from one aircraft (the tanker) to another (the receiver) while both aircraft are in flight.
See Aircraft and Aerial refueling
Aerodynamic center
In aerodynamics, the torques or moments acting on an airfoil moving through a fluid can be accounted for by the net lift and net drag applied at some point on the airfoil, and a separate net pitching moment about that point whose magnitude varies with the choice of where the lift is chosen to be applied.
See Aircraft and Aerodynamic center
Aerodynamics
Aerodynamics (ἀήρ aero (air) + δυναμική (dynamics)) is the study of the motion of air, particularly when affected by a solid object, such as an airplane wing.
Aeronautics
Aeronautics is the science or art involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of air flight-capable machines, and the techniques of operating aircraft and rockets within the atmosphere.
Aerospace engineering
Aerospace engineering is the primary field of engineering concerned with the development of aircraft and spacecraft.
See Aircraft and Aerospace engineering
Aerostat
An aerostat (via French) is a lighter-than-air aircraft that gains its lift through the use of a buoyant gas.
AeroVironment Nano Hummingbird
The AeroVironment Nano Hummingbird or Nano Air Vehicle (NAV) is a tiny, remote controlled aircraft built to resemble and fly like a hummingbird, developed in the United States by AeroVironment, Inc. to specifications provided by the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA).
See Aircraft and AeroVironment Nano Hummingbird
Afterburner
An afterburner (or reheat in British English) is an additional combustion component used on some jet engines, mostly those on military supersonic aircraft.
Air traffic control
Air traffic control (ATC) is a service provided by ground-based air traffic controllers (people) who direct aircraft on the ground and through a given section of controlled airspace, and can provide advisory services to aircraft in non-controlled airspace.
See Aircraft and Air traffic control
Air transports of heads of state and government
Air transports for heads of state and government are, in many countries, provided by the air force in specially equipped airliners or business jets.
See Aircraft and Air transports of heads of state and government
Air travel
Air travel is a form of travel in vehicles such as airplanes, jet aircraft, helicopters, hot air balloons, blimps, gliders, hang gliders, parachutes, or anything else that can sustain flight.
Air warfare of World War II
Air warfare was a major component in all theaters of World War II and, together with anti-aircraft warfare, consumed a large fraction of the industrial output of the major powers.
See Aircraft and Air warfare of World War II
Airbreathing jet engine
An airbreathing jet engine (or ducted jet engine) is a jet engine in which the exhaust gas which supplies jet propulsion is atmospheric air, which is taken in, compressed, heated, and expanded back to atmospheric pressure through a propelling nozzle.
See Aircraft and Airbreathing jet engine
Airbus A300
The Airbus A300 is Airbus's first production aircraft and the world's first twin-engine, double-aisle wide-body airliner, developed and manufactured by Airbus from 1971 to 2007.
Airbus A380
The Airbus A380 is a very large wide-body airliner that was developed and produced by Airbus.
Airbus Beluga
The Airbus A300-600ST (Super Transporter), or Beluga, is a specialised wide-body airliner used to transport aircraft parts and outsize cargoes.
See Aircraft and Airbus Beluga
Aircraft design process
The aircraft design process is a loosely defined method used to balance many competing and demanding requirements to produce an aircraft that is strong, lightweight, economical and can carry an adequate payload while being sufficiently reliable to safely fly for the design life of the aircraft.
See Aircraft and Aircraft design process
Aircraft dope
Aircraft dope is a plasticised lacquer that is applied to fabric-covered aircraft.
See Aircraft and Aircraft dope
Aircraft engine
An aircraft engine, often referred to as an aero engine, is the power component of an aircraft propulsion system.
See Aircraft and Aircraft engine
Aircraft fabric covering
Aircraft fabric covering is a term used for both the material used and the process of covering aircraft open structures.
See Aircraft and Aircraft fabric covering
Aircraft flight control system
A conventional fixed-wing aircraft flight control system (AFCS) consists of flight control surfaces, the respective cockpit controls, connecting linkages, and the necessary operating mechanisms to control an aircraft's direction in flight.
See Aircraft and Aircraft flight control system
Aircraft flight dynamics
Flight dynamics is the science of air vehicle orientation and control in three dimensions.
See Aircraft and Aircraft flight dynamics
Aircraft fuel system
An aircraft fuel system allows the crew to pump, manage, and deliver aviation fuel to the propulsion system and auxiliary power unit (APU) of an aircraft.
See Aircraft and Aircraft fuel system
Aircraft hijacking
Aircraft hijacking (also known as airplane hijacking, skyjacking, plane hijacking, plane jacking, air robbery, air piracy, or aircraft piracy, with the last term used within the special aircraft jurisdiction of the United States) is the unlawful seizure of an aircraft by an individual or a group.
See Aircraft and Aircraft hijacking
Aircraft noise pollution
Aircraft noise pollution refers to noise produced by aircraft in flight that has been associated with several negative stress-mediated health effects, from sleep disorders to cardiovascular disorders.
See Aircraft and Aircraft noise pollution
Aircraft pilot
An aircraft pilot or aviator is a person who controls the flight of an aircraft by operating its directional flight controls.
See Aircraft and Aircraft pilot
Aircraft principal axes
An aircraft in flight is free to rotate in three dimensions: yaw, nose left or right about an axis running up and down; pitch, nose up or down about an axis running from wing to wing; and roll, rotation about an axis running from nose to tail.
See Aircraft and Aircraft principal axes
Aircraft spotting
Aircraft spotting, or planespotting, is a hobby consisting of observing and tracking aircraft, which is usually accomplished by photography or videography.
See Aircraft and Aircraft spotting
Aircrew
Aircrew, also called flight crew, are personnel who operate an aircraft while in flight.
Airfoil
An airfoil (American English) or aerofoil (British English) is a streamlined body that is capable of generating significantly more lift than drag.
Airframe
The mechanical structure of an aircraft is known as the airframe.
Airlines for America
Airlines for America (A4A), formerly known as Air Transport Association of America (ATA), is an American trade association and lobbying group based in Washington, D.C. that represents major North American airlines since 1936.
See Aircraft and Airlines for America
Airmail
Airmail (or air mail) is a mail transport service branded and sold on the basis of at least one leg of its journey being by air.
Airplane
An airplane (North American English) or aeroplane (Commonwealth English), informally plane, is a fixed-wing aircraft that is propelled forward by thrust from a jet engine, propeller, or rocket engine.
Airport
An airport is an aerodrome with extended facilities, mostly for commercial air transport.
Airship
An airship is a type of aerostat or lighter-than-air aircraft that can navigate through the air flying under its own power.
Airspeed
In aviation, airspeed is the speed of an aircraft relative to the air it is flying through (which itself is usually moving relative to the ground due to wind).
American Civil War
The American Civil War (April 12, 1861 – May 26, 1865; also known by other names) was a civil war in the United States between the Union ("the North") and the Confederacy ("the South"), which was formed in 1861 by states that had seceded from the Union.
See Aircraft and American Civil War
Angle of attack
In fluid dynamics, angle of attack (AOA, α, or \alpha) is the angle between a reference line on a body (often the chord line of an airfoil) and the vector representing the relative motion between the body and the fluid through which it is moving.
See Aircraft and Angle of attack
Angular displacement
The angular displacement (symbol θ,, or φ) – also called angle of rotation, rotational displacement, or rotary displacement – of a physical body is the angle (in units of radians, degrees, turns, etc.) through which the body rotates (revolves or spins) around a centre or axis of rotation.
See Aircraft and Angular displacement
Antonov An-124 Ruslan
The Antonov An-124 Ruslan (Ruslan; NATO reporting name: Condor) is a large, strategic airlift, four-engined aircraft that was designed in the 1980s by the Antonov design bureau in the Ukrainian SSR of the Soviet Union (USSR).
See Aircraft and Antonov An-124 Ruslan
Antonov An-225 Mriya
The Antonov An-225 Mriya (lit; NATO reporting name: Cossack) was a strategic airlift cargo aircraft designed and produced by the Antonov Design Bureau in the Soviet Union.
See Aircraft and Antonov An-225 Mriya
Aspect ratio
The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions.
Atmosphere of Earth
The atmosphere of Earth is composed of a layer of gas mixture that surrounds the Earth's planetary surface (both lands and oceans), known collectively as air, with variable quantities of suspended aerosols and particulates (which create weather features such as clouds and hazes), all retained by Earth's gravity.
See Aircraft and Atmosphere of Earth
Attack aircraft
An attack aircraft, strike aircraft, or attack bomber is a tactical military aircraft that has a primary role of carrying out airstrikes with greater precision than bombers, and is prepared to encounter strong low-level air defenses while pressing the attack.
See Aircraft and Attack aircraft
Attack helicopter
An attack helicopter is an armed helicopter with the primary role of an attack aircraft, with the offensive capability of engaging ground targets such as enemy infantry, military vehicles and fortifications.
See Aircraft and Attack helicopter
Autogyro
An autogyro (from Greek and, "self-turning"), or gyroplane, is a class of rotorcraft that uses an unpowered rotor in free autorotation to develop lift.
Avgas
Avgas (aviation gasoline, also known as aviation spirit in the UK) is an aviation fuel used in aircraft with spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
Aviation
Aviation includes the activities surrounding mechanical flight and the aircraft industry.
Aviation between the World Wars
Sometimes dubbed the Golden Age of Aviation, the period in the history of aviation between the end of World War I (1918) and the beginning of World War II (1939) was characterised by a progressive change from the slow wood-and-fabric biplanes of World War I to fast, streamlined metal monoplanes, creating a revolution in both commercial and military aviation.
See Aircraft and Aviation between the World Wars
Aviation in World War I
World War I was the first major conflict involving the large-scale use of aircraft.
See Aircraft and Aviation in World War I
Aviation safety
Aviation safety is the study and practice of managing risks in aviation.
See Aircraft and Aviation safety
Avionics
Avionics (a blend of aviation and electronics) are the electronic systems used on aircraft.
Balloon (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, a balloon is an unpowered aerostat, which remains aloft or floats due to its buoyancy.
See Aircraft and Balloon (aeronautics)
Barrage balloon
A barrage balloon is a type of airborne barrage, a large uncrewed tethered balloon used to defend ground targets against aircraft attack, by raising aloft steel cables which pose a severe risk of collision to hostile aircraft, making the attacker's approach difficult and hazardous.
See Aircraft and Barrage balloon
Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey
The Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey is an American multi-mission, tiltrotor military aircraft with both vertical takeoff and landing (VTOL) and short takeoff and landing (STOL) capabilities.
See Aircraft and Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey
Bill Gunston
Bill Gunston (1 March 1927 – 1 June 2013) was a British aviation and military author.
Biplane
A biplane is a fixed-wing aircraft with two main wings stacked one above the other.
Blimp
A blimp (/blɪmp/), or non-rigid airship, is an airship (dirigible) without an internal structural framework or a keel.
Boeing 747
The Boeing 747 is a long-range wide-body airliner designed and manufactured by Boeing Commercial Airplanes in the United States between 1968 and 2023.
Boeing Dreamlifter
The Boeing Dreamlifter, officially the 747-400 Large Cargo Freighter (LCF), is a wide-body cargo aircraft modified extensively from the Boeing 747-400 airliner.
See Aircraft and Boeing Dreamlifter
Bomber
A bomber is a military combat aircraft that utilizes air-to-ground weaponry to drop bombs, launch torpedoes, or deploy air-launched cruise missiles.
Buoyancy
Buoyancy, or upthrust, is a gravitational force, a net upward force exerted by a fluid that opposes the weight of a partially or fully immersed object.
Business jet
A business jet, private jet, or bizjet is a jet aircraft designed for transporting small groups of people, typically business executives and high-ranking associates.
Canard (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, a canard is a wing configuration in which a small forewing or foreplane is placed forward of the main wing of a fixed-wing aircraft or a weapon.
See Aircraft and Canard (aeronautics)
Cargo
In transportation, freight refers to goods conveyed by land, water or air, while cargo refers specifically to freight when conveyed via water or air.
Caspian Sea Monster
The KM (Korabl Maket) (Russian: Корабль-Макет, literally "Ship-maquette" or "Model-Ship"), known colloquially as the Caspian Sea Monster, was an experimental ground effect vehicle developed in the Soviet Union in the 1960s by the Central Hydrofoil Design Bureau.
See Aircraft and Caspian Sea Monster
Center of mass
In physics, the center of mass of a distribution of mass in space (sometimes referred to as the barycenter or balance point) is the unique point at any given time where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero.
See Aircraft and Center of mass
Civil aviation
Civil aviation is one of two major categories of flying, representing all non-military and non-state aviation, both private and commercial.
See Aircraft and Civil aviation
CNN
Cable News Network (CNN) is a multinational news channel and website operating from Midtown Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Founded in 1980 by American media proprietor Ted Turner and Reese Schonfeld as a 24-hour cable news channel, and presently owned by the Manhattan-based media conglomerate Warner Bros. Discovery (WBD), CNN was the first television channel to provide 24-hour news coverage and the first all-news television channel in the United States.
See Aircraft and CNN
Cockpit
A cockpit or flight deck is the area, on the front part of an aircraft or spacecraft, from which a pilot controls the aircraft.
Coleopter
A coleopter is a type of VTOL aircraft design that uses a ducted fan as the primary fuselage of the entire aircraft.
Combustion chamber
A combustion chamber is part of an internal combustion engine in which the fuel/air mix is burned.
See Aircraft and Combustion chamber
Commercial aviation
Commercial aviation is the part of civil aviation that involves operating aircraft for remuneration or hire, as opposed to private aviation.
See Aircraft and Commercial aviation
Communications system
A communications system or communication system is a collection of individual telecommunications networks systems, relay stations, tributary stations, and terminal equipment usually capable of interconnection and interoperation to form an integrated whole.
See Aircraft and Communications system
Computer
A computer is a machine that can be programmed to automatically carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations (computation).
Contra-rotating propellers
Aircraft equipped with contra-rotating propellers (CRP) coaxial contra-rotating propellers, or high-speed propellers, apply the maximum power of usually a single piston engine or turboprop engine to drive a pair of coaxial propellers in contra-rotation.
See Aircraft and Contra-rotating propellers
Contrail
Contrails (short for "condensation trails") or vapor trails are line-shaped clouds produced by aircraft engine exhaust or changes in air pressure, typically at aircraft cruising altitudes several kilometres/miles above the Earth's surface.
Control system
A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops.
See Aircraft and Control system
Cyclogyro
The cyclogyro, or cyclocopter, is an aircraft configuration that uses a horizontal-axis cyclorotor as a rotor wing to provide lift and, sometimes, also propulsion and control.
Delta wing
A delta wing is a wing shaped in the form of a triangle.
Dihedral (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, dihedral is the angle between the left and right wings (or tail surfaces) of an aircraft.
See Aircraft and Dihedral (aeronautics)
Drag (physics)
In fluid dynamics, drag, sometimes referred to as fluid resistance, is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object, moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.
See Aircraft and Drag (physics)
Ducted fan
In aeronautics, a ducted fan is a thrust-generating mechanical fan or propeller mounted within a cylindrical duct or shroud.
Early flying machines
Early flying machines include all forms of aircraft studied or constructed before the development of the modern aeroplane by 1910.
See Aircraft and Early flying machines
Electric aircraft
An electric aircraft is an aircraft powered by electricity.
See Aircraft and Electric aircraft
Electric motor
An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.
See Aircraft and Electric motor
Empennage
The empennage, also known as the tail or tail assembly, is a structure at the rear of an aircraft that provides stability during flight, in a way similar to the feathers on an arrow.
Engine
An engine or motor is a machine designed to convert one or more forms of energy into mechanical energy.
Environmental effects of aviation
Aircraft engines produce gases, noise, and particulates from fossil fuel combustion, raising environmental concerns over their global effects and their effects on local air quality.
See Aircraft and Environmental effects of aviation
Exhaust system
An exhaust system is used to guide reaction exhaust gases away from a controlled combustion inside an engine or stove.
See Aircraft and Exhaust system
Ezekiel Airship
The Ezekiel Airship was an early experimental aircraft conceived, designed, and built by the Baptist minister Burrell Cannon, an experienced sawmill operator born in 1848 in Coffeeville, Mississippi.
See Aircraft and Ezekiel Airship
Fan (machine)
A fan is a powered machine used to create a flow of air.
See Aircraft and Fan (machine)
FanWing
The FanWing is a type of aircraft rotor wing in which a horizontal-axis cross-flow fan is used in close conjunction with a fixed wing.
Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
The (FAI; World Air Sports Federation) is the world governing body for air sports, and also stewards definitions regarding human spaceflight.
See Aircraft and Fédération Aéronautique Internationale
Federal Aviation Administration
The Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) is a U.S. federal government agency within the U.S. Department of Transportation which regulates civil aviation in the United States and surrounding international waters.
See Aircraft and Federal Aviation Administration
Fighter aircraft
Fighter aircraft (early on also pursuit aircraft) are military aircraft designed primarily for air-to-air combat.
See Aircraft and Fighter aircraft
Fighter-bomber
A fighter-bomber is a fighter aircraft that has been modified, or used primarily, as a light bomber or attack aircraft.
See Aircraft and Fighter-bomber
Fixed-wing aircraft
A fixed-wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air flying machine, such as an airplane, which is capable of flight using aerodynamic lift.
See Aircraft and Fixed-wing aircraft
Flettner airplane
A Flettner airplane is a type of rotor airplane which uses a Flettner rotor to provide lift.
See Aircraft and Flettner airplane
Flight
Flight or flying is the process by which an object moves through a space without contacting any planetary surface, either within an atmosphere (i.e. air flight or aviation) or through the vacuum of outer space (i.e. spaceflight).
Flight altitude record
This listing of flight altitude records are the records set for the highest aeronautical flights conducted in the atmosphere, set since the age of ballooning.
See Aircraft and Flight altitude record
Flight control surfaces
Aircraft flight control surfaces are aerodynamic devices allowing a pilot to adjust and control the aircraft's flight attitude.
See Aircraft and Flight control surfaces
Flight dynamics
Flight dynamics in aviation and spacecraft, is the study of the performance, stability, and control of vehicles flying through the air or in outer space.
See Aircraft and Flight dynamics
Flying car
A flying car or roadable aircraft is a type of vehicle which can function both as a road vehicle and as an aircraft.
Flying wing
A flying wing is a tailless fixed-wing aircraft that has no definite fuselage, with its crew, payload, fuel, and equipment housed inside the main wing structure.
Fossil fuel
A fossil fuel is a carbon compound- or hydrocarbon-containing material such as coal, oil, and natural gas, formed naturally in the Earth's crust from the remains of prehistoric organisms (animals, plants and planktons), a process that occurs within geological formations.
Frederick Handley Page
Sir Frederick Handley Page (15 November 1885 – 21 April 1962) was an English industrialist who was a pioneer in the aircraft industry and became known as the father of the heavy bomber.
See Aircraft and Frederick Handley Page
Fuel efficiency
Fuel efficiency (or fuel economy) is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio of effort to result of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or work.
See Aircraft and Fuel efficiency
Fuel tank
A fuel tank (also called a petrol tank or gas tank) is a safe container for flammable fluids, often gasoline or diesel fuel.
Fuselage
The fuselage (from the French fuselé "spindle-shaped") is an aircraft's main body section.
Gas turbine
A gas turbine, gas turbine engine, or also known by its old name internal combustion turbine, is a type of continuous flow internal combustion engine.
Gasoline
Gasoline or petrol is a petrochemical product characterized as a transparent, yellowish, and flammable liquid normally used as a fuel for spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
General aviation
General aviation (GA) is defined by the International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) as all civil aviation aircraft operations except for commercial air transport or aerial work, which is defined as specialized aviation services for other purposes.
See Aircraft and General aviation
George Cayley
Sir George Cayley, 6th Baronet (27 December 1773 – 15 December 1857) was an English engineer, inventor, and aviator.
See Aircraft and George Cayley
Glider (aircraft)
A glider is a fixed-wing aircraft that is supported in flight by the dynamic reaction of the air against its lifting surfaces, and whose free flight does not depend on an engine.
See Aircraft and Glider (aircraft)
Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring).
See Aircraft and Glider (sailplane)
Global dimming
Global dimming is a decline in the amount of sunlight reaching the Earth's surface.
See Aircraft and Global dimming
Ground effect (aerodynamics)
For fixed-wing aircraft, ground effect is the reduced aerodynamic drag that an aircraft's wings generate when they are close to a fixed surface.
See Aircraft and Ground effect (aerodynamics)
Ground-effect vehicle
A ground-effect vehicle (GEV), also called a wing-in-ground-effect (WIG), ground-effect craft, wingship, flarecraft or ekranoplan (экранопла́н – "screenglider"), is a vehicle that is able to move over the surface by gaining support from the reactions of the air against the surface of the earth or water.
See Aircraft and Ground-effect vehicle
Gyrodyne
A gyrodyne is a type of VTOL aircraft with a helicopter rotor-like system that is driven by its engine for takeoff and landing only, and includes one or more conventional propeller or jet engines to provide forward thrust during cruising flight.
Hang gliding
Hang gliding is an air sport or recreational activity in which a pilot flies a light, non-motorised, heavier-than-air aircraft called a hang glider.
Harrier jump jet
The Harrier, informally referred to as the Harrier jump jet, is a family of jet-powered attack aircraft capable of vertical/short takeoff and landing operations (V/STOL).
See Aircraft and Harrier jump jet
Helicopter
A helicopter is a type of rotorcraft in which lift and thrust are supplied by horizontally spinning rotors.
Helicopter rotor
On a helicopter, the main rotor or rotor system is the combination of several rotary wings (rotor blades) with a control system, that generates the aerodynamic lift force that supports the weight of the helicopter, and the thrust that counteracts aerodynamic drag in forward flight.
See Aircraft and Helicopter rotor
Helium
Helium (from lit) is a chemical element; it has symbol He and atomic number 2.
Hindenburg disaster
The Hindenburg disaster was an airship accident that occurred on May 6, 1937, in Manchester Township, New Jersey, U.S. The LZ 129 ''Hindenburg'' (Luftschiff Zeppelin #129; Registration: D-LZ 129) was a German commercial passenger-carrying rigid airship, the lead ship of the ''Hindenburg'' class, the longest class of flying machine and the largest airship by envelope volume.
See Aircraft and Hindenburg disaster
History of science and technology in China
Ancient Chinese scientists and engineers made significant scientific innovations, findings and technological advances across various scientific disciplines including the natural sciences, engineering, medicine, military technology, mathematics, geology and astronomy.
See Aircraft and History of science and technology in China
Homebuilt aircraft
Homebuilt aircraft, also known as amateur-built aircraft or kit planes, are constructed by persons for whom this is not a professional activity.
See Aircraft and Homebuilt aircraft
Hot air balloon
A hot air balloon is a lighter-than-air aircraft consisting of a bag, called an envelope, which contains heated air.
See Aircraft and Hot air balloon
Hughes H-4 Hercules
The Hughes H-4 Hercules (commonly known as the Spruce Goose; registration NX37602) is a prototype strategic airlift flying boat designed and built by the Hughes Aircraft Company.
See Aircraft and Hughes H-4 Hercules
Human-powered aircraft
A human-powered aircraft (HPA) is an aircraft belonging to the class of vehicles known as human-powered transport.
See Aircraft and Human-powered aircraft
Hybrid Air Vehicles Airlander 10
The Hybrid Air Vehicles Airlander 10 (originally developed as the HAV 304; nicknamed "The Flying Bum") is a hybrid airship designed and built by British manufacturer Hybrid Air Vehicles (HAV).
See Aircraft and Hybrid Air Vehicles Airlander 10
Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element; it has symbol H and atomic number 1.
Hypersonic speed
In aerodynamics, a hypersonic speed is one that exceeds five times the speed of sound, often stated as starting at speeds of Mach 5 and above.
See Aircraft and Hypersonic speed
Ignition system
Ignition systems are used by heat engines to initiate combustion by igniting the fuel-air mixture.
See Aircraft and Ignition system
Intake
An intake (also inlet) is an opening, structure or system through which a fluid is admitted to a space or machine as a consequence of a pressure differential between the outside and the inside.
Internal combustion engine
An internal combustion engine (ICE or IC engine) is a heat engine in which the combustion of a fuel occurs with an oxidizer (usually air) in a combustion chamber that is an integral part of the working fluid flow circuit.
See Aircraft and Internal combustion engine
Internal combustion engine cooling
Internal combustion engine cooling uses either air or liquid to remove the waste heat from an internal combustion engine.
See Aircraft and Internal combustion engine cooling
JATO
JATO (acronym for jet-assisted take-off) is a type of assisted take-off for helping overloaded aircraft into the air by providing additional thrust in the form of small rockets.
Jet Age
The Jet Age is a period in the history of aviation defined by the advent of aircraft powered by jet turbine engines and the social and cultural changes fostered by commercial jet travel.
Jet aircraft
A jet aircraft (or simply jet) is an aircraft (nearly always a fixed-wing aircraft) propelled by one or more jet engines.
Jet fuel
Jet fuel or aviation turbine fuel (ATF, also abbreviated avtur) is a type of aviation fuel designed for use in aircraft powered by gas-turbine engines.
Kite
A kite is a tethered heavier-than-air or lighter-than-air craft with wing surfaces that react against the air to create lift and drag forces.
Kite line
In kiting, a line is the string or thin cord made of cotton, nylon, silk, or wire, which connects the kite to the person operating it or an anchor.
Kytoon
A kytoon or kite balloon is a tethered aircraft which obtains some of its lift dynamically as a heavier-than-air kite and the rest aerostatically as a lighter-than-air balloon.
Landing
Landing is the last part of a flight, where a flying animal, aircraft, or spacecraft returns to the ground.
Life (magazine)
Life is an American magazine published weekly from 1883 to 1972, as an intermittent "special" until 1978, a monthly from 1978 until 2000, and an online supplement since 2008.
See Aircraft and Life (magazine)
Lift (force)
When a fluid flows around an object, the fluid exerts a force on the object.
Lifting body
A lifting body is a fixed-wing aircraft or spacecraft configuration in which the body itself produces lift.
List of aircraft
The lists of aircraft are sorted in alphabetical order and is broken down into multiple pages.
See Aircraft and List of aircraft
List of civil aircraft
List of civil aircraft is a list of articles on civilian aircraft with descriptions, which excludes aircraft operated by military organizations in civil markings, warbirds, warbirds used for racing, replica warbirds and research aircraft.
See Aircraft and List of civil aircraft
List of fighter aircraft
Fighter aircraft are military aircraft primarily designed for air-to-air combat.
See Aircraft and List of fighter aircraft
List of individual aircraft
This is a list of individual aircraft which are notable in their own right.
See Aircraft and List of individual aircraft
List of large aircraft
This is a list of large aircraft, including three types: fixed wing, rotary wing, and airships.
See Aircraft and List of large aircraft
Load factor (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, the load factor is the ratio of the lift of an aircraft to its weightHurt, page 37 and represents a global measure of the stress ("load") to which the structure of the aircraft is subjected: where Since the load factor is the ratio of two forces, it is dimensionless.
See Aircraft and Load factor (aeronautics)
Lockheed C-5 Galaxy
The Lockheed C-5 Galaxy is a large military transport aircraft designed and built by Lockheed, and now maintained and upgraded by its successor, Lockheed Martin.
See Aircraft and Lockheed C-5 Galaxy
Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird
The Lockheed SR-71 "Blackbird" is a retired long-range, high-altitude, Mach 3+ strategic reconnaissance aircraft developed and manufactured by the American aerospace company Lockheed Corporation.
See Aircraft and Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird
Lubrication
Lubrication is the process or technique of using a lubricant to reduce friction and wear and tear in a contact between two surfaces.
MacCready Gossamer Condor
The MacCready Gossamer Condor was the first human-powered aircraft capable of controlled and sustained flight; as such, it won the Kremer prize in 1977.
See Aircraft and MacCready Gossamer Condor
Mach number
The Mach number (M or Ma), often only Mach, is a dimensionless quantity in fluid dynamics representing the ratio of flow velocity past a boundary to the local speed of sound.
Magnus effect
The Magnus effect is an observable phenomenon commonly associated with a spinning object moving through a fluid.
See Aircraft and Magnus effect
Martin Marietta X-24
The Martin Marietta X-24 was an American experimental aircraft developed from a joint United States Air Force-NASA program named PILOT (1963–1975).
See Aircraft and Martin Marietta X-24
Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet
The Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet is a rocket-powered interceptor aircraft primarily designed and produced by the German aircraft manufacturer Messerschmitt.
See Aircraft and Messerschmitt Me 163 Komet
Military aircraft
A military aircraft is any fixed-wing or rotary-wing aircraft that is operated by a legal or insurrectionary military of any type.
See Aircraft and Military aircraft
Military glider
Military gliders (an offshoot of common gliders) have been used by the militaries of various countries for carrying troops (glider infantry) and heavy equipment to a combat zone, mainly during the Second World War.
See Aircraft and Military glider
Missile
A missile is an airborne ranged weapon capable of self-propelled flight aided usually by a propellant, jet engine or rocket motor.
Moment (physics)
A moment is a mathematical expression involving the product of a distance and a quantity such as a physical force, magnetic force, electric charge or a velocity.
See Aircraft and Moment (physics)
Monocoque
Monocoque, also called structural skin, is a structural system in which loads are supported by an object's external skin, in a manner similar to an egg shell.
Monoplane
A monoplane is a fixed-wing aircraft configuration with a single mainplane, in contrast to a biplane or other types of multiplanes, which have multiple planes.
Motorjet
A motorjet is a rudimentary type of jet engine which is sometimes referred to as thermojet, a term now commonly used to describe a particular and completely unrelated pulsejet design.
Multiplane (aeronautics)
In aviation, a multiplane is a fixed-wing aircraft-configuration featuring multiple wing planes.
See Aircraft and Multiplane (aeronautics)
NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the U.S. federal government responsible for the civil space program, aeronautics research, and space research.
NASA X-43
The NASA X-43 was an experimental unmanned hypersonic aircraft with multiple planned scale variations meant to test various aspects of hypersonic flight.
North American X-15
The North American X-15 is a hypersonic rocket-powered aircraft operated by the United States Air Force and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the X-plane series of experimental aircraft.
See Aircraft and North American X-15
Ornithopter
An ornithopter (from Greek ornis, ornith- 'bird' and pteron 'wing') is an aircraft that flies by flapping its wings.
Paragliding
Paragliding is the recreational and competitive adventure sport of flying paragliders: lightweight, free-flying, foot-launched glider aircraft with no rigid primary structure.
Personal air vehicle
A personal air vehicle (PAV) is a proposed class of passenger aircraft providing on-demand air transport.
See Aircraft and Personal air vehicle
Pitching moment
In aerodynamics, the pitching moment on an airfoil is the moment (or torque) produced by the aerodynamic force on the airfoil if that aerodynamic force is considered to be applied, not at the center of pressure, but at the aerodynamic center of the airfoil.
See Aircraft and Pitching moment
Post-war
A post-war or postwar period is the interval immediately following the end of a war.
Powered lift
A powered lift aircraft takes off and lands vertically under engine power but uses a fixed wing for horizontal flight.
Powered parachute
A powered parachute, often abbreviated PPC, and also called a motorized parachute or paraplane, is a type of aircraft that consists of a parafoil with a motor and wheels.
See Aircraft and Powered parachute
Powered paragliding
Powered paragliding, also known as paramotoring or PPG, is a form of ultralight aviation where the pilot wears a back-pack motor (a paramotor) which provides enough thrust to take off using a paraglider.
See Aircraft and Powered paragliding
Pratt & Whitney J58
The Pratt & Whitney J58 (company designation JT11D-20) is an American jet engine that powered the Lockheed A-12, and subsequently the YF-12 and the SR-71 aircraft.
See Aircraft and Pratt & Whitney J58
Private aviation
Private aviation is the part of civil aviation that does not include flying for hire, which is termed commercial aviation.
See Aircraft and Private aviation
Propeller
A propeller (colloquially often called a screw if on a ship or an airscrew if on an aircraft) is a device with a rotating hub and radiating blades that are set at a pitch to form a helical spiral which, when rotated, exerts linear thrust upon a working fluid such as water or air.
Propeller (aeronautics)
In aeronautics, an aircraft propeller, also called an airscrew,Beaumont, R.A.; Aeronautical Engineering, Odhams, 1942, Chapter 13, "Airscrews".
See Aircraft and Propeller (aeronautics)
Propelling nozzle
A propelling nozzle is a nozzle that converts the internal energy of a working gas into propulsive force; it is the nozzle, which forms a jet, that separates a gas turbine, or gas generator, from a jet engine.
See Aircraft and Propelling nozzle
Propfan
A propfan, also called an open rotor engine, open fan engine or unducted fan (as opposed to a ducted fan), is a type of aircraft engine related in concept to both the turboprop and turbofan, but distinct from both.
Propulsion
Propulsion is the generation of force by any combination of pushing or pulling to modify the translational motion of an object, which is typically a rigid body (or an articulated rigid body) but may also concern a fluid.
Pulsejet
Diagram of a valved pulsejet. 1 - Air enters through valve and is mixed with fuel. 2 - The mixture is ignited, expands, closes the valve and exits through the tailpipe, creating thrust.3 - Low pressure in the engine opens the valve and draws in air. A pulsejet engine (or pulse jet) is a type of jet engine in which combustion occurs in pulses.
Pusher configuration
In aeronautical and naval engineering, pusher configuration is the term used to describe a drivetrain of air- or watercraft with propulsion device(s) after the engine(s).
See Aircraft and Pusher configuration
Radar
Radar is a system that uses radio waves to determine the distance (ranging), direction (azimuth and elevation angles), and radial velocity of objects relative to the site.
Ramjet
A ramjet is a form of airbreathing jet engine that requires forward motion of the engine to provide air for combustion.
Reciprocating engine
A reciprocating engine, also often known as a piston engine, is typically a heat engine that uses one or more reciprocating pistons to convert high temperature and high pressure into a rotating motion.
See Aircraft and Reciprocating engine
Reconnaissance
In military operations, military reconnaissance or scouting is the exploration of an area by military forces to obtain information about enemy forces, the terrain, and civil activities in the area of operations.
See Aircraft and Reconnaissance
Rigid airship
A rigid airship is a type of airship (or dirigible) in which the envelope is supported by an internal framework rather than by being kept in shape by the pressure of the lifting gas within the envelope, as in blimps (also called pressure airships) and semi-rigid airships.
See Aircraft and Rigid airship
Rocket
A rocket (from bobbin/spool) is a vehicle that uses jet propulsion to accelerate without using any surrounding air.
Rocket engine
A rocket engine uses stored rocket propellants as the reaction mass for forming a high-speed propulsive jet of fluid, usually high-temperature gas.
See Aircraft and Rocket engine
Rocket-powered aircraft
A rocket-powered aircraft or rocket plane is an aircraft that uses a rocket engine for propulsion, sometimes in addition to airbreathing jet engines.
See Aircraft and Rocket-powered aircraft
Rolls-Royce Thrust Measuring Rig
The Rolls-Royce Thrust Measuring Rig (TMR) was a pioneering vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft developed by Rolls-Royce in the 1950s.
See Aircraft and Rolls-Royce Thrust Measuring Rig
Rotor kite
A rotor kite or gyrokite is an unpowered, rotary-wing aircraft.
Rotor wing
A rotor wing is a lifting rotor or wing which spins to provide aerodynamic lift.
Rotorcraft
A rotorcraft or rotary-wing aircraft is a heavier-than-air aircraft with rotary wings or rotor blades, which generate lift by rotating around a vertical mast.
Russo-Ukrainian War
The ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War began in February 2014.
See Aircraft and Russo-Ukrainian War
Saunders-Roe SR.53
The Saunders-Roe SR.53 was a British prototype interceptor aircraft of mixed jet and rocket propulsion developed for the Royal Air Force (RAF) by Saunders-Roe in the early 1950s.
See Aircraft and Saunders-Roe SR.53
Scale model
A scale model is a physical model that is geometrically similar to an object (known as the prototype).
Scramjet
A scramjet (supersonic combustion ramjet) is a variant of a ramjet airbreathing jet engine in which combustion takes place in supersonic airflow.
Sky lantern
A sky lantern, also known as Kǒngmíng lantern, or Chinese lantern, is a small balloon made of paper, with an opening at the bottom where a small fire is suspended.
Smithsonian Institution
The Smithsonian Institution, or simply the Smithsonian, is a group of museums, education and research centers, the largest such complex in the world, created by the U.S. government "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge." Founded on August 10, 1846, it operates as a trust instrumentality and is not formally a part of any of the three branches of the federal government.
See Aircraft and Smithsonian Institution
Space Shuttle
The Space Shuttle is a retired, partially reusable low Earth orbital spacecraft system operated from 1981 to 2011 by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) as part of the Space Shuttle program.
See Aircraft and Space Shuttle
Spacecraft
A spacecraft is a vehicle that is designed to fly and operate in outer space.
Spaceplane
A spaceplane is a vehicle that can fly and glide like an aircraft in Earth's atmosphere and maneuver like a spacecraft in outer space.
Stabilizer (aeronautics)
An aircraft stabilizer is an aerodynamic surface, typically including one or more movable control surfaces, that provides longitudinal (pitch) and/or directional (yaw) stability and control.
See Aircraft and Stabilizer (aeronautics)
Starter (engine)
A starter (also self-starter, cranking motor, or starter motor) is a device used to rotate (crank) an internal-combustion engine so as to initiate the engine's operation under its own power.
See Aircraft and Starter (engine)
Steam-powered aircraft
A steam-powered aircraft is an aircraft propelled by a steam engine.
See Aircraft and Steam-powered aircraft
Supersonic speed
Supersonic speed is the speed of an object that exceeds the speed of sound (Mach 1).
See Aircraft and Supersonic speed
Swept wing
A swept wing is a wing angled either backward or occasionally forward from its root rather than perpendicular to the fuselage.
Tail rotor
The tail rotor is a smaller rotor mounted vertically or near-vertically at the tail of a traditional single-rotor helicopter, where it rotates to generate a propeller-like horizontal thrust in the same direction as the main rotor's rotation.
Tail-sitter
A tail-sitter, or tailsitter, is a type of VTOL aircraft that takes off and lands on its tail, then tilts horizontally for forward flight.
Tailless aircraft
In aeronautics, a tailless aircraft is an aircraft with no other horizontal aerodynamic surface besides its main wing.
See Aircraft and Tailless aircraft
Takeoff
Takeoff is the phase of flight in which an aerospace vehicle leaves the ground and becomes airborne.
Tandem wing
QAC Quickie Q2 A tandem wing is a wing configuration in which a flying craft or animal has two or more sets of wings set one behind another.
The New York Times
The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.
See Aircraft and The New York Times
Thrust reversal
Thrust reversal, also called reverse thrust, is the temporary diversion of an aircraft engine's thrust for it to act against the forward travel of the aircraft, providing deceleration.
See Aircraft and Thrust reversal
Tiltrotor
A tiltrotor is an aircraft that generates lift and propulsion by way of one or more powered rotors (sometimes called proprotors) mounted on rotating shafts or nacelles usually at the ends of a fixed wing.
Tiltwing
A tiltwing aircraft features a wing that is horizontal for conventional forward flight and rotates up for vertical takeoff and landing.
Tip jet
A tip jet is a jet nozzle at the tip of some helicopter rotor blades, used to spin the rotor, much like a Catherine wheel firework.
Tractor configuration
In aviation, the term tractor configuration refers to an aircraft constructed in the standard configuration with its engine mounted with the propeller in front of it so that the aircraft is "pulled" through the air.
See Aircraft and Tractor configuration
Trainer aircraft
A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate flight training of pilots and aircrews.
See Aircraft and Trainer aircraft
Triplane
A triplane is a fixed-wing aircraft equipped with three vertically stacked wing planes.
Turbofan
A turbofan or fanjet is a type of airbreathing jet engine that is widely used in aircraft propulsion.
Turbojet
The turbojet is an airbreathing jet engine which is typically used in aircraft.
Turboprop
A turboprop is a turbine engine that drives an aircraft propeller.
Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainska Radianska Sotsialistychna Respublika; Ukrainskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991.
See Aircraft and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
Unmanned aerial vehicle
An unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), commonly known as a drone, is an aircraft without any human pilot, crew, or passengers on board.
See Aircraft and Unmanned aerial vehicle
V-1 flying bomb
The V-1 flying bomb (Vergeltungswaffe 1 "Vengeance Weapon 1") was an early cruise missile.
See Aircraft and V-1 flying bomb
V/STOL
A vertical and/or short take-off and landing (V/STOL) aircraft is an airplane able to take-off or land vertically or on short runways.
Vehicle
A vehicle is a machine designed for self-propulsion, usually to transport people, cargo, or both.
Vertical and horizontal
In astronomy, geography, and related sciences and contexts, a direction or plane passing by a given point is said to be vertical if it contains the local gravity direction at that point.
See Aircraft and Vertical and horizontal
VTOL
A vertical take-off and landing (VTOL) aircraft is one that can take off and land vertically without relying on a runway.
Warbird
A warbird is any vintage military aircraft now operated by civilian organizations and individuals, or in some instances, by historic arms of military forces, such as the Battle of Britain Memorial Flight, the RAAF Museum Historic Flight, or the South African Air Force Museum Historic Flight.
Wide-body aircraft
Emirates A wide-body aircraft, also known as a twin-aisle aircraft and in the largest cases as a jumbo jet, is an airliner with a fuselage wide enough to accommodate two passenger aisles with seven or more seats abreast.
See Aircraft and Wide-body aircraft
Wind
Wind is the natural movement of air or other gases relative to a planet's surface.
Wind tunnel
Wind tunnels are machines in which objects are held stationary inside a tube, and air is blown around it to study the interaction between the object and the moving air.
Wing
A wing is a type of fin that produces lift while moving through air or some other fluid.
Wing configuration
The wing configuration of a fixed-wing aircraft (including both gliders and powered aeroplanes) is its arrangement of lifting and related surfaces.
See Aircraft and Wing configuration
World war
A world war is an international conflict that involves most or all of the world's major powers.
World War I
World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.
World War II
World War II or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two alliances: the Allies and the Axis powers.
Wright brothers
The Wright brothers, Orville Wright (August 19, 1871 – January 30, 1948) and Wilbur Wright (April 16, 1867 – May 30, 1912), were American aviation pioneers generally credited with inventing, building, and flying the world's first successful airplane.
See Aircraft and Wright brothers
Zeppelin
A Zeppelin is a type of rigid airship named after the German inventor Ferdinand von Zeppelin who pioneered rigid airship development at the beginning of the 20th century.
References
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