Armenian genocide

The Armenian genocide was the systematic destruction of the Armenian people and identity in the Ottoman Empire during World War I. ^[1]

280 relations: Abstract expressionism, Adana, Adana massacre, Aegean Sea, Aleppo, Alevism, Ambassador Morgenthau's Story, Anatolia, Animal name changes in Turkey, Armenian Apostolic Church, Armenian congress at Erzurum, Armenian diaspora, Armenian genocide and the Holocaust, Armenian genocide denial, Armenian genocide recognition, Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day, Armenian highlands, Armenian language, Armenian name, Armenian National Institute, Armenian national movement, Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople, Armenian question, Armenian resistance during the Armenian genocide, Armenian Revolutionary Federation, Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, Armenian volunteer units, Armenians, Armenians in Istanbul, Armenians in Russia, Armenians in the Ottoman Empire, Armistice of Mudros, Arshile Gorky, Assassination of Hrant Dink, Assassination of Talaat Pasha, Aurora Mardiganian, Azerbaijanis, Ümit Kurt (historian), İskenderun, Başkale, Balkan Wars, Basic Books, Battle of Sarikamish, Battle of Van (1915), Bedouin, Berghahn Books, Berlin–Baghdad railway, Berliner Tageblatt, Black Sea, Black Sea raid, ... Expand index (230 more) » « Shrink index
1915 in Armenia
1915 in the Ottoman Empire
20th-century massacres
Armenia–Turkey relations
Committee of Union and Progress
Death marches
Genocides in Europe
History of West Azerbaijan province
Massacres in the Ottoman Empire
Massacres of Armenians
Persecution of Christians in the Ottoman Empire
World War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire

Abstract expressionism

Abstract expressionism in the United States emerged as a distinct art movement in the immediate aftermath of World War II and gained mainstream acceptance in the 1950s, a shift from the American social realism of the 1930s influenced by the Great Depression and Mexican muralists.

See Armenian genocide and Abstract expressionism

Adana

Adana is a large city in southern Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Adana

Adana massacre

The Adana massacre occurred in the Adana Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire in April 1909. Armenian genocide and Adana massacre are massacres in the Ottoman Empire and persecution of Christians in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Adana massacre

Aegean Sea

The Aegean Sea is an elongated embayment of the Mediterranean Sea between Europe and Asia.

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Aleppo

Aleppo (ﺣَﻠَﺐ, ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, which serves as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most populous governorate of Syria.

See Armenian genocide and Aleppo

Alevism

Alevism (Alevilik;; Ələvilik) is a heterodox and syncretic Islamic tradition, whose adherents follow the mystical Islamic teachings of Haji Bektash Veli, who supposedly taught the teachings of the Twelve Imams, whilst incorporating some traditions from Tengrism.

See Armenian genocide and Alevism

Ambassador Morgenthau's Story

Ambassador Morgenthau's Story (1918) is the title of the published memoirs of Henry Morgenthau Sr., U.S. Ambassador to the Ottoman Empire from 1913 to 1916, until the day of his resignation from the post.

See Armenian genocide and Ambassador Morgenthau's Story

Anatolia

Anatolia (Anadolu), also known as Asia Minor, is a large peninsula or a region in Turkey, constituting most of its contemporary territory.

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Animal name changes in Turkey

The animal name changes in Turkey is the revision of taxonomic nomenclature of three subspecies by the Turkish Ministry of Environment and Forestry.

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Armenian Apostolic Church

The Armenian Apostolic Church (translit) is the national church of Armenia.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian Apostolic Church

Armenian congress at Erzurum

The Armenian congress at Erzurum (the 8th World Congress of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation), held from the end of July to August 2, 1914, was a watershed event where representatives of the ruling Committee of Union and Progress party requested the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (the leading Armenian party in both the Ottoman and the Russian Empire) to incite a rebellion of Russian Armenians against the Tsarist regime in order to facilitate the conquest of Transcaucasia in the event of the opening up of a Caucasus front.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian congress at Erzurum

Armenian diaspora

The Armenian diaspora refers to the communities of Armenians outside Armenia and other locations where Armenians are considered an indigenous population.

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Armenian genocide and the Holocaust

The relationship between the Armenian genocide and the Holocaust has been discussed by scholars.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian genocide and the Holocaust

Armenian genocide denial

Armenian genocide denial is the claim that the Ottoman Empire and its ruling party, the Committee of Union and Progress (CUP), did not commit genocide against its Armenian citizens during World War I—a crime documented in a large body of evidence and affirmed by the vast majority of scholars.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian genocide denial

Armenian genocide recognition

Armenian genocide recognition is the formal acceptance of the fact that the Ottoman Empire's systematic massacres and forced deportation of Armenians from 1915 to 1923, both during and after the First World War, constituted genocide.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian genocide recognition

Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day

Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day (Մեծ Եղեռնի զոհերի հիշատակի օր Mets Yegherrni zoheri hishataki or) or Armenian Genocide Memorial Day is a public holiday in Armenia and is observed by the Armenian diaspora on 24 April.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian Genocide Remembrance Day

Armenian highlands

The Armenian highlands (Haykakan leṙnašxarh; also known as the Armenian upland, Armenian plateau, or Armenian tableland)Hewsen, Robert H. "The Geography of Armenia" in The Armenian People From Ancient to Modern Times Volume I: The Dynastic Periods: From Antiquity to the Fourteenth Century.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian highlands

Armenian language

Armenian (endonym) is an Indo-European language and the sole member of the independent branch of the Armenian language family.

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Armenian name

An Armenian name comprises a given name and a surname.

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Armenian National Institute

The Armenian National Institute (ANI) is a Washington, D.C.-based organization dedicated to the research of Armenian genocide.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian National Institute

Armenian national movement

The Armenian national movement (Հայ ազգային-ազատագրական շարժում Hay azgayin-azatagrakan sharzhum) included social, cultural, but primarily political and military movements that reached their height during World War I and the following years, initially seeking improved status for Armenians in the Ottoman and Russian Empires but eventually attempting to achieve an Armenian state.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian national movement

Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople

The Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople (İstanbul Ermeni Patrikhanesi; Western Պատրիարքութիւն Հայոց Կոստանդնուպոլսոյ, Badriark'ut'iun Hayots' Gosdantnubolsoy) is an autonomous see of the Armenian Apostolic Church.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian Patriarchate of Constantinople

Armenian question

The Armenian question was the debate following the Congress of Berlin in 1878 as to how the Armenians in the Ottoman Empire should be treated. Armenian genocide and Armenian question are Armenia–Turkey relations.

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Armenian resistance during the Armenian genocide

Armenian resistance included military, political, and humanitarian efforts to counter Ottoman forces and mitigate the Armenian genocide during the first World War.

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Armenian Revolutionary Federation

The Armenian Revolutionary Federation (translit, abbr. ARF (ՀՅԴ) or ARF-D), also known as Dashnaktsutyun (Armenian: Դաշնակցություն, lit. "Federation"), is an Armenian nationalist and socialist political party founded in 1890 in Tiflis, Russian Empire by Christapor Mikaelian, Stepan Zorian, and Simon Zavarian.

See Armenian genocide and Armenian Revolutionary Federation

Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic

The Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic, also known as Soviet Armenia, or simply Armenia, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union, located in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Soviet Armenia bordered the Soviet Republics of Azerbaijan and Georgia and the independent states of Iran and Turkey.

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Armenian volunteer units

The Armenian volunteer units (Հայ կամավորական ջոկատներ Hay kamavorakan jokatner) were units composed of Armenians within the Imperial Russian Army during World War I. Composed of several groups at battalion strength, its ranks were primarily made up of Armenians from the Russian Empire, The Russian-Armenian volunteer units took part in military activities in the Middle Eastern theater of World War I.

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Armenians

Armenians (hayer) are an ethnic group and nation native to the Armenian highlands of West Asia.

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Armenians in Istanbul

Armenians in Istanbul (Bolsahayer; İstanbul Ermenileri) are a major part of the Turkish Armenian community and historically one of the largest ethnic minorities of Istanbul, Turkey.

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Armenians in Russia

Armenians in Russia or Russian Armenians are one of the country's largest ethnic minorities and the largest Armenian diaspora community outside Armenia.

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Armenians in the Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Armenian population mostly belonged to either the Armenian Apostolic Church or the Armenian Catholic Church.

See Armenian genocide and Armenians in the Ottoman Empire

Armistice of Mudros

The Armistice of Mudros (Mondros Mütarekesi) ended hostilities in the Middle Eastern theatre between the Ottoman Empire and the Allies of World War I. It was signed on 30 October 1918 by the Ottoman Minister of Marine Affairs Rauf Bey and British Admiral Somerset Arthur Gough-Calthorpe, on board HMS ''Agamemnon'' in Moudros harbour on the Greek island of Lemnos, and it took effect at noon the next day.

See Armenian genocide and Armistice of Mudros

Arshile Gorky

Arshile Gorky (born Vostanik Manoug Adoian, Ոստանիկ Մանուկ Ատոյեան; April 15, 1904 – July 21, 1948) was an Armenian-American painter who had a seminal influence on Abstract Expressionism.

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Assassination of Hrant Dink

The prominent Turkish-Armenian journalist Hrant Dink was assassinated in Istanbul on 19 January 2007. Armenian genocide and Assassination of Hrant Dink are Armenia–Turkey relations.

See Armenian genocide and Assassination of Hrant Dink

Assassination of Talaat Pasha

On 15 March 1921, Armenian student Soghomon Tehlirian assassinated Talaat Pasha—former grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire and the main architect of the Armenian genocide—in Berlin.

See Armenian genocide and Assassination of Talaat Pasha

Aurora Mardiganian

Aurora (Arshaluys) Mardiganian (Աուրորա Մարտիկանեան; January 12, 1901 – February 6, 1994) was an Armenian-American author, actress, and a survivor of the Armenian genocide.

See Armenian genocide and Aurora Mardiganian

Azerbaijanis

Azerbaijanis (Azərbaycanlılar, آذربایجانلیلار), Azeris (Azərilər, آذریلر), or Azerbaijani Turks (Azərbaycan Türkləri, آذربایجان تۆرکلری) are a Turkic ethnic group living mainly in the Azerbaijan region of northwestern Iran and the Republic of Azerbaijan.

See Armenian genocide and Azerbaijanis

Ümit Kurt (historian)

Ümit Kurt is a historian who studies the modern Middle East.

See Armenian genocide and Ümit Kurt (historian)

İskenderun

İskenderun (إسكندرونة), historically known as Alexandretta (Αλεξανδρέττα) and Scanderoon, is a municipality and district of Hatay Province, Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and İskenderun

Başkale

Başkale (Elbak, translit) is a municipality and district of Van Province, Turkey.

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Balkan Wars

The Balkan Wars were a series of two conflicts that took place in the Balkan states in 1912 and 1913.

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Basic Books

Basic Books is a book publisher founded in 1950 and located in New York City, now an imprint of Hachette Book Group.

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Battle of Sarikamish

The Battle of Sarikamish was an engagement between the Russian and Ottoman empires during World War I. It took place from December 22, 1914, to January 17, 1915, as part of the Caucasus campaign. Armenian genocide and Battle of Sarikamish are 1915 in Armenia and 1915 in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Battle of Sarikamish

Battle of Van (1915)

The defense of Van (Vani herosamart) and in Russian Van operation (Vanskaya operatsia) was the armed resistance of the Armenian population of Van and Russian army against the Ottoman Empire's attempts to massacre the Ottoman Armenian population of the Van Vilayet in the 1915 Armenian genocide. Armenian genocide and Battle of Van (1915) are 1915 in Armenia and 1915 in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Battle of Van (1915)

Bedouin

The Bedouin, Beduin, or Bedu (singular) are pastorally nomadic Arab tribes who have historically inhabited the desert regions in the Arabian Peninsula, North Africa, the Levant, and Mesopotamia (Iraq).

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Berghahn Books

Berghahn Books is a New York and Oxford–based publisher of scholarly books and academic journals in the humanities and social sciences, with a special focus on social and cultural anthropology, European history, politics, and film and media studies.

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Berlin–Baghdad railway

The Baghdad railway, also known as the Berlin–Baghdad railway (Bağdat Demiryolu, Bagdadbahn, سكة حديد بغداد, Chemin de Fer Impérial Ottoman de Bagdad), was started in 1903 to connect Berlin with the then Ottoman city of Baghdad, from where the Germans wanted to establish a port on the Persian Gulf, with a line through modern-day Turkey, Syria, and Iraq.

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Berliner Tageblatt

The Berliner Tageblatt or BT was a German language newspaper published in Berlin from 1872 to 1939.

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Black Sea

The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia.

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Black Sea raid

The Black Sea raid was an Ottoman naval sortie against Russian ports in the Black Sea on 29 October 1914, supported by Germany, that led to the Ottoman entry into World War I. The attack was conceived by Ottoman War Minister Enver Pasha, German Admiral Wilhelm Souchon, and the German foreign ministry.

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Blue Book (Bryce and Toynbee book)

The Blue Book, officially titled The Treatment of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire 1915-1916, was an official report commissioned by the British Parliament and presented in 1916 by Viscount Bryce and Arnold J. Toynbee.

See Armenian genocide and Blue Book (Bryce and Toynbee book)

British Army

The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories and Crown Dependencies, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Naval Service and the Royal Air Force.

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Byzantine Empire

The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.

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C. Hurst & Co.

Hurst Publishers (C. Hurst & Co Publishers Ltd) is an independent non-fiction publisher based in the Bloomsbury area of London.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.

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Capital (economics)

In economics, capital goods or capital are "those durable produced goods that are in turn used as productive inputs for further production" of goods and services.

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Careerism

Careerism is the propensity to pursue career advancement, power, and prestige outside of work performance.

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Casualties of the Armenian genocide

Ottoman Armenian casualties refers to the number of deaths of Ottoman Armenians between 1914 and 1923, during which the Armenian genocide occurred.

See Armenian genocide and Casualties of the Armenian genocide

Caucasus Army (Russian Empire, 1914–1917)

The Russian Caucasus Army (Кавказскaя армия) of World War I was the Russian field army that fought in the Caucasus Campaign and Persian Campaign of World War I. It was renowned for inflicting heavy casualties on the opposing forces of the Ottoman Empire, particularly at the Battle of Sarikamish.

See Armenian genocide and Caucasus Army (Russian Empire, 1914–1917)

Caucasus campaign

The Caucasus campaign comprised armed conflicts between the Russian Empire and the Ottoman Empire, later including Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, the Mountainous Republic of the Northern Caucasus, the German Empire, the Central Caspian Dictatorship, and the British Empire, as part of the Middle Eastern theatre during World War I.

See Armenian genocide and Caucasus campaign

Censorship in Turkey

Censorship in Turkey is regulated by domestic and international legislation, the latter (in theory) taking precedence over domestic law, according to Article 90 of the Constitution of Turkey (so amended in 2004).

See Armenian genocide and Censorship in Turkey

Central Powers

The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttıfâq Devletleri, Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918).

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Centre pour l'Édition Électronique Ouverte

The Centre pour l'Édition Électronique Ouverte (CLEO, Cléo), based in Marseille, France, is overseen by Aix-Marseille University, the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, School for Advanced Studies in the Social Sciences, and University of Avignon and the Vaucluse.

See Armenian genocide and Centre pour l'Édition Électronique Ouverte

Chechens

The Chechens (Нохчий,, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus.

See Armenian genocide and Chechens

Cheta (armed group)

A cheta (çeta; ceatã; чета; τσέτης; ceată; çete; чета / četa), in plural chetas, were irregular armed bands present throughout 19th century Ottoman Empire, particularly Anatolia and the Balkans.

See Armenian genocide and Cheta (armed group)

Child abuse

Child abuse (also called child endangerment or child maltreatment) is physical, sexual, emotional and/or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child, especially by a parent or a caregiver.

See Armenian genocide and Child abuse

Cilicia

Cilicia is a geographical region in southern Anatolia, extending inland from the northeastern coasts of the Mediterranean Sea.

See Armenian genocide and Cilicia

Circassians

The Circassians or Circassian people, also called Cherkess or Adyghe (Adyghe and Adygekher) are a Northwest Caucasian ethnic group and nation who originated in Circassia, a region and former country in the North Caucasus.

See Armenian genocide and Circassians

Committee of Union and Progress

The Committee of Union and Progress (CUP, also translated as the Society of Union and Progress; script) was a revolutionary group and political party active between 1889 and 1926 in the Ottoman Empire and the Republic of Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Committee of Union and Progress

Comparative Studies in Society and History

Comparative Studies in Society and History is a peer-reviewed academic journal published quarterly by Cambridge University Press on behalf of the Society for Comparative Study of Society and History.

See Armenian genocide and Comparative Studies in Society and History

Congress of Berlin

The Congress of Berlin (13 June – 13 July 1878) was a diplomatic conference to reorganise the states in the Balkan Peninsula after the Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), which had been won by Russia against the Ottoman Empire.

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Constitution of the Ottoman Empire

The Constitution of the Ottoman Empire (lit; Constitution ottomane) was in effect from 1876 to 1878 in a period known as the First Constitutional Era, and from 1908 to 1922 in the Second Constitutional Era.

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Continuum International Publishing Group

Continuum International Publishing Group was an academic publisher of books with editorial offices in London and New York City.

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Council of Ministers (Ottoman Empire)

The Council of Ministers (Meclis-i Vükela or Heyet-i Vükela) was a cabinet created during the Tanzimat period in the Ottoman Empire by Sultan Mahmud II in what was the Empire's first step towards European modernization.

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Crimes against humanity

Crimes against humanity are certain serious crimes committed as part of a large-scale attack against civilians.

See Armenian genocide and Crimes against humanity

Culture of Armenia

The culture of Armenia encompasses many elements that are based on the geography, literature, architecture, dance, and music of the Armenian people.

See Armenian genocide and Culture of Armenia

Damascus

Damascus (Dimašq) is the capital and largest city of Syria, the oldest current capital in the world and, according to some, the fourth holiest city in Islam.

See Armenian genocide and Damascus

Damat Ferid Pasha

Damat Mehmed Adil Ferid Pasha (محمد عادل فريد پاشا Damat Ferit Paşa;&lrm; 1853 – 6 October 1923), known simply as Damat Ferid Pasha, was an Ottoman liberal statesman, who held the office of Grand Vizier, the de facto prime minister of the Ottoman Empire, during two periods under the reign of the last Ottoman Sultan Mehmed VI, the first time between 4 March 1919 and 2 October 1919 and the second time between 5 April 1920 and 21 October 1920.

See Armenian genocide and Damat Ferid Pasha

Dörtyol

Dörtyol, historically Chok Merzimen ('four reaches'), is a municipality and district of Hatay Province, Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Dörtyol

Death march

A death march is a forced march of prisoners of war or other captives or deportees in which individuals are left to die along the way. Armenian genocide and death march are death marches.

See Armenian genocide and Death march

Deir ez-Zor

Deir ez-Zor (Dayru z-Zawr / Dayru z-Zūr; Syriac: ܕܝܪܐ ܙܥܘܪܬܐ, Dayrāʾ Zəʿōrtāʾ) is the largest city in eastern Syria and the seventh largest in the country.

See Armenian genocide and Deir ez-Zor

Demographic engineering

Demographic engineering is deliberate effort to shift the ethnic balance of an area, especially when undertaken to create ethnically homogeneous populations.

See Armenian genocide and Demographic engineering

Deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915

The deportation of Armenian intellectuals is conventionally held to mark the beginning of the Armenian genocide. Armenian genocide and deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915 are 1915 in the Ottoman Empire and persecution of Christians in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915

Dhimmi

(ذمي,, collectively أهل الذمة / "the people of the covenant") or (معاهد) is a historical term for non-Muslims living in an Islamic state with legal protection.

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Djemal Pasha

Ahmed Djemal (Ahmed Cemâl Pasha; 6 May 1872 – 21 July 1922), also known as Djemal Pasha, was an Ottoman military leader and one of the Three Pashas that ruled the Ottoman Empire during World War I. Cemal was born in Mytilene, Lesbos.

See Armenian genocide and Djemal Pasha

Djevdet Bey

Djevdet Bey or Djevdet Tahir BelbezSait Çetinoğlu,, Birikim, 09.04.2009.

See Armenian genocide and Djevdet Bey

Dysentery

Dysentery, historically known as the bloody flux, is a type of gastroenteritis that results in bloody diarrhea.

See Armenian genocide and Dysentery

East Thrace

East Thrace or eastern Thrace (Doğu Trakya or simply Trakya; Anatolikí Thráki; Iztochna Trakiya), also known as Turkish Thrace or European Turkey, is the part of Turkey that is geographically a part of Southeast Europe.

See Armenian genocide and East Thrace

Eastern Armenia

Eastern Armenia (Արևելյան Հայաստան Arevelyan Hayastan) comprises the eastern part of the Armenian Highlands, the traditional homeland of the Armenian people.

See Armenian genocide and Eastern Armenia

Edirne

Edirne, historically known as Adrianople (Adrianoúpolis), is a city in Turkey, in the northwestern part of the province of Edirne in Eastern Thrace.

See Armenian genocide and Edirne

Enver Pasha

İsmail Enver (اسماعیل انور پاشا; İsmail Enver Paşa; 23 November 1881 – 4 August 1922), better known as Enver Pasha, was an Ottoman military officer, revolutionary, and convicted war criminal who was a part of the dictatorial triumvirate known as the "Three Pashas" (along with Talaat Pasha and Cemal Pasha) in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Enver Pasha

Erzincan

Erzincan (script), historically Yerznka (Երզնկա), is the capital of Erzincan Province in eastern Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Erzincan

Ethnic cleansing

Ethnic cleansing is the systematic forced removal of ethnic, racial, or religious groups from a given area, with the intent of making the society ethnically homogeneous.

See Armenian genocide and Ethnic cleansing

Ethnic nationalism

Ethnic nationalism, also known as ethnonationalism, is a form of nationalism wherein the nation and nationality are defined in terms of ethnicity, with emphasis on an ethnocentric (and in some cases an ethnocratic) approach to various political issues related to national affirmation of a particular ethnic group.

See Armenian genocide and Ethnic nationalism

Euphrates

The Euphrates (see below) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.

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European Parliament

The European Parliament (EP) is one of the two legislative bodies of the European Union and one of its seven institutions.

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Feudalism

Feudalism, also known as the feudal system, was a combination of legal, economic, military, cultural, and political customs that flourished in medieval Europe from the 9th to 15th centuries.

See Armenian genocide and Feudalism

First Balkan War

The First Balkan War lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and involved actions of the Balkan League (the Kingdoms of Bulgaria, Serbia, Greece and Montenegro) against the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and First Balkan War

First Republic of Armenia

The First Republic of Armenia, officially known at the time of its existence as the Republic of Armenia (translit), was an independent Armenian state that existed from May (28th de jure, 30th de facto) 1918 to 2 December 1920 in the Armenian-populated territories of the former Russian Empire known as Eastern or Russian Armenia.

See Armenian genocide and First Republic of Armenia

Forced conversion

Forced conversion is the adoption of a religion or irreligion under duress.

See Armenian genocide and Forced conversion

Forced labour

Forced labour, or unfree labour, is any work relation, especially in modern or early modern history, in which people are employed against their will with the threat of destitution, detention, or violence, including death or other forms of extreme hardship to either themselves or members of their families.

See Armenian genocide and Forced labour

Forced marriage

Forced marriage is a marriage in which one or more of the parties is married without their consent or against their will.

See Armenian genocide and Forced marriage

Fourth Army (Ottoman Empire)

The Fourth Army of the Ottoman Empire (Turkish: Dördüncü Ordu) was one of the field armies of the Ottoman Army.

See Armenian genocide and Fourth Army (Ottoman Empire)

Franco-Turkish War

The Franco–Turkish War, known as the Cilicia Campaign (La campagne de Cilicie) in France and as the Southern Front (Güney Cephesi) of the Turkish War of Independence in Turkey, was a series of conflicts fought between France (the French Colonial Forces and the French Armenian Legion) and the Turkish National Forces (led by the Turkish provisional government after 4 September 1920) from December 1918 to October 1921 in the aftermath of World War I.

See Armenian genocide and Franco-Turkish War

Franz Werfel

Franz Viktor Werfel (10 September 1890 – 26 August 1945) was an Austrian-Bohemian novelist, playwright, and poet whose career spanned World War I, the Interwar period, and World War II.

See Armenian genocide and Franz Werfel

Gendarmerie

A gendarmerie is a military force with law enforcement duties among the civilian population.

See Armenian genocide and Gendarmerie

General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire

The General Assembly (French romanization: "Medjliss Oumoumi" or Genel Parlamento; Assemblée Générale) was the first attempt at representative democracy by the imperial government of the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire

Genocide

Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people, either in whole or in part.

See Armenian genocide and Genocide

Genocide justification

Genocide justification is the claim that a genocide is morally excusable/defensible, necessary, and/or sanctioned by law.

See Armenian genocide and Genocide justification

German Empire

The German Empire, also referred to as Imperial Germany, the Second Reich or simply Germany, was the period of the German Reich from the unification of Germany in 1871 until the November Revolution in 1918, when the German Reich changed its form of government from a monarchy to a republic.

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German–Ottoman alliance

The German–Ottoman alliance was ratified by the German Empire and the Ottoman Empire on August 2, 1914, shortly after the outbreak of World War I. It was created as part of a joint effort to strengthen and modernize the weak Ottoman military and to provide Germany with safe passage into the neighbouring British colonies.

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Germany and the Armenian genocide

During World War I, Germany was a military ally of the Ottoman Empire, which perpetrated the Armenian genocide.

See Armenian genocide and Germany and the Armenian genocide

Government of the classical Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire developed over the years as a despotism with the Sultan as the supreme ruler of a centralized government that had an effective control of its provinces, officials and inhabitants.

See Armenian genocide and Government of the classical Ottoman Empire

Greek genocide

The Greek genocide, which included the Pontic genocide, was the systematic killing of the Christian Ottoman Greek population of Anatolia, which was carried out mainly during World War I and its aftermath (1914–1922) – including the Turkish War of Independence (1919–1923) – on the basis of their religion and ethnicity. Armenian genocide and Greek genocide are committee of Union and Progress, death marches, ethnic cleansing in Asia, ethnic cleansing in Europe, events that led to courts-martial, genocides in Europe, massacres in the Ottoman Empire, persecution of Christians in the Ottoman Empire and world War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Greek genocide

Gyumri

Gyumri (Գյումրի) is an urban municipal community and the second-largest city in Armenia, serving as the administrative center of Shirak Province in the northwestern part of the country.

See Armenian genocide and Gyumri

Hajj

Hajj (translit; also spelled Hadj, Haj or Haji) is an annual Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca, Saudi Arabia, the holiest city for Muslims.

See Armenian genocide and Hajj

Hamidian massacres

The Hamidian massacres also called the Armenian massacres, were massacres of Armenians in the Ottoman Empire in the mid-1890s. Armenian genocide and Hamidian massacres are Armenia–Turkey relations, committee of Union and Progress, ethnic cleansing in Asia, ethnic cleansing in Europe, genocides in Europe, massacres in the Ottoman Empire, massacres of Armenians and persecution of Christians in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Hamidian massacres

Hamidiye (cavalry)

The Hamidiye regiments (literally meaning "belonging to Hamid", full official name Hamidiye Hafif Süvari Alayları, Hamidiye Light Cavalry Regiments) were well-armed, irregular, mainly Sunni Kurdish but also Turkish, Circassian,Palmer, Alan, Verfall und Untergang des Osmanischen Reiches, Heyne, München 1994 (engl.

See Armenian genocide and Hamidiye (cavalry)

Harvard University Press

Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.

See Armenian genocide and Harvard University Press

Hidden Armenians

Hidden Armenians (t’ak’nvats hayer; Gizli Ermeniler) or crypto-Armenians (Kripto Ermeniler) is an umbrella term to describe Turkish citizens hiding their full or partial Armenian ancestry from the larger Turkish society.

See Armenian genocide and Hidden Armenians

History of concubinage in the Muslim world

Concubinage in the Muslim world was the practice of Muslim men entering into intimate relationships without marriage, with enslaved women, though in rare, exceptional cases, sometimes with free women.

See Armenian genocide and History of concubinage in the Muslim world

Hrant Dink

Hrant Dink (Հրանտ Դինք; Western; 15 September 1954 – 19 January 2007) was a Turkish-Armenian intellectual, editor-in-chief of Agos, journalist, and columnist.

See Armenian genocide and Hrant Dink

I.B. Tauris

I.B. Tauris is an educational publishing house and imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing.

See Armenian genocide and I.B. Tauris

Imam

Imam (إمام,;: أئمة) is an Islamic leadership position.

See Armenian genocide and Imam

Internal enemy

Internal enemy refers to individuals or groups within one country who are perceived as a threat to that country.

See Armenian genocide and Internal enemy

International relations (1814–1919)

This article covers worldwide diplomacy and, more generally, the international relations of the great powers from 1814 to 1919.

See Armenian genocide and International relations (1814–1919)

Internment

Internment is the imprisonment of people, commonly in large groups, without charges or intent to file charges.

See Armenian genocide and Internment

Israel Council on Foreign Relations

The Israel Council on Foreign Relations (ICFR) is an independent, non-partisan forum for the study and debate of foreign policy issues, especially those relating to the State of Israel and the Jewish people.

See Armenian genocide and Israel Council on Foreign Relations

Istanbul

Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, straddling the Bosporus Strait, the boundary between Europe and Asia.

See Armenian genocide and Istanbul

Istanbul trials of 1919–1920

The Istanbul trials of 1919–1920 were courts-martial of the Ottoman Empire that occurred soon after the Armistice of Mudros, in the aftermath of World War I. The government of Tevfik Pasha decided, without waiting for an international court, to prosecute crimes of Ottoman officials, committed primarily against the Armenian population, in national courts.

See Armenian genocide and Istanbul trials of 1919–1920

Jizya

Jizya (jizya), or jizyah, is a tax historically levied on dhimmis, that is, protected non-Muslim subjects of a state governed by Islamic law.

See Armenian genocide and Jizya

Journal of Genocide Research

The Journal of Genocide Research is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering studies of genocide.

See Armenian genocide and Journal of Genocide Research

Journal of Human Rights

The Journal of Human Rights is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal covering human rights studies and practices, and natural and legal rights in context of national and international law, and international relations.

See Armenian genocide and Journal of Human Rights

Justice and Development Party (Turkey)

The Justice and Development Party (Adalet ve Kalkınma Partisi,; AK PARTİ), abbreviated officially as AK Party in English, is a political party in Turkey self-describing as conservative-democratic.

See Armenian genocide and Justice and Development Party (Turkey)

Karabakh movement

The Karabakh movement (Ղարաբաղյան շարժում), also known as the Artsakh movement (Արցախյան շարժում), was a national mass movement in Armenia and Nagorno-Karabakh from 1988 to 1991 that advocated for the transfer of the mainly Armenian-populated Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast of neighboring Azerbaijan to the jurisdiction of Armenia.

See Armenian genocide and Karabakh movement

Kâhta

Kâhta (Kolîk) is a city in Adıyaman Province of Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Kâhta

Kâzım Karabekir

Musa Kâzım Karabekir (also spelled Kiazim Karabekir in English; 1882 – 26 January 1948) was a Turkish general and politician.

See Armenian genocide and Kâzım Karabekir

Kemah, Erzincan

Kemah (Kemax), known historically as Ani-Kamakh (Անի-Կամախ), Gamakh, Kamacha or Kamachon (Κάμαχα, Κάμαχον) is a town in Erzincan Province in the Eastern Anatolia Region of Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Kemah, Erzincan

Khabur (Euphrates)

The Khabur River is the largest perennial tributary to the Euphrates in Syria.

See Armenian genocide and Khabur (Euphrates)

Khachkar

A khachkar (also spelled as khatchkar) or Armenian cross-stone (խաչքար,, խաչ xačʿ "cross" + քար kʿar "stone") is a carved, memorial stele bearing a cross, and often with additional motifs such as rosettes, interlaces, and botanical motifs.

See Armenian genocide and Khachkar

Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)

Armenia, also the Kingdom of Greater Armenia, or simply Greater Armenia or Armenia Major (Մեծ Հայք; Armenia Maior) sometimes referred to as the Armenian Empire, was a kingdom in the Ancient Near East which existed from 331 BC to 428 AD.

See Armenian genocide and Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity)

Konya

Konya is a major city in central Turkey, on the southwestern edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau, and is the capital of Konya Province.

See Armenian genocide and Konya

Kozan, Adana

Kozan, formerly Sis (Սիս), is a municipality and district of Adana Province, Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Kozan, Adana

Kurdish emirates

The Kurdish chiefdoms or principalities were several semi-independent entities which existed during the 16th to 19th centuries during the state of continuous warfare between the Ottoman Empire and Safavid Iran.

See Armenian genocide and Kurdish emirates

Kurdish recognition of the Armenian genocide

There is a recognition by several groups of Kurds of the participation of their ancestors in the Armenian genocide during World War I. Some Kurdish tribes, mainly as part of the Ottoman Army, along with the Turks and other people, participated in massacres of Armenians.

See Armenian genocide and Kurdish recognition of the Armenian genocide

Kurds

Kurds or Kurdish people (rtl, Kurd) are an Iranic ethnic group native to the mountainous region of Kurdistan in Western Asia, which spans southeastern Turkey, northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, and northern Syria.

See Armenian genocide and Kurds

Kurds in Turkey

The Kurds are the largest ethnic minority in Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Kurds in Turkey

Labour battalions (Turkey)

Ottoman labour battalions (Amele Taburları, Աշխատանքային գումարտակ,, Τάγματα Εργασίας) was a form of unfree labour in the late Ottoman Empire. Armenian genocide and labour battalions (Turkey) are persecution of Christians in the Ottoman Empire and world War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Labour battalions (Turkey)

Lake Hazar

Lake Hazar (Hazar Gölü; Covk‘ lič) is a rift lake in the Taurus Mountains, 22 km southeast of Elazığ, notable as the source of the Tigris.

See Armenian genocide and Lake Hazar

Land usurpation

Land usurpation is the appropriation of land from the previous or lawful owner.

See Armenian genocide and Land usurpation

Levant

The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of West Asia and core territory of the political term ''Middle East''.

See Armenian genocide and Levant

List of Armenian genocide memorials

A number of organizations, museums, and monuments are intended to serve as memorials to the Armenian genocide and its over 1 million victims.

See Armenian genocide and List of Armenian genocide memorials

Macedonia (region)

Macedonia is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe.

See Armenian genocide and Macedonia (region)

Malatya

Malatya (translit; Syriac ܡܠܝܛܝܢܐ Malīṭīná; Meletî; Ancient Greek: Μελιτηνή) is a large city in the Eastern Anatolia region of Turkey and the capital of Malatya Province.

See Armenian genocide and Malatya

Mamuret-ul-Aziz vilayet

The Vilayet of Mamuret-ul-Aziz,Vilayet of Ma'muretül'aziz, Redhouse Yeni Türkçe-İngilizce Sözlük, On İkinci Basım, Redhouse Yayınevi, 1991,, p. 729, Ma'mûretü'l-Azîz, Ma'muretül Aziz or Mamûretü'l-Azîz (Ottoman: ولايت معمورة العزيز Vilâyet-i Ma'muretül'azizor معمورة العزيز ولايتى Ma'muretül'aziz Vilâyeti, (The Yearbook of the Vilayet of Ma'muretül'aziz), 1894, "Yearbook of the Vilayet of Ma'muretül'aziz"), Ma'muretül'aziz Vilâyet matbaası,, 1312.

See Armenian genocide and Mamuret-ul-Aziz vilayet

Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon

The Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon (Mandat pour la Syrie et le Liban; al-intidāb al-faransīalā sūriyā wa-lubnān, also referred to as the Levant States; 1923−1946) was a League of Nations mandate founded in the aftermath of the First World War and the partitioning of the Ottoman Empire, concerning Syria and Lebanon.

See Armenian genocide and Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon

Margaret L. Anderson

Margaret Lavinia Anderson is professor emerita at University of California Berkeley where she teaches about Europe since 1453; Central Europe from the late 18th century, especially modern Germany; World War I; Fascist Europe.

See Armenian genocide and Margaret L. Anderson

Maskanah

Maskanah (مَسْكَنَة), also spelled Meskene, is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the Manbij District of the Aleppo Governorate.

See Armenian genocide and Maskanah

Matthias Bjørnlund

Matthias Bjørnlund (born 1967 in Copenhagen, Denmark) is a Danish historian.

See Armenian genocide and Matthias Bjørnlund

May 1915 Triple Entente declaration

On 24 May 1915, on the initiative of Russia, the Triple Entente—Russia, France, and the United Kingdom—issued a declaration condemning the ongoing Armenian genocide carried out in the Ottoman Empire and threatening to hold the perpetrators accountable. Armenian genocide and May 1915 Triple Entente declaration are 1915 in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and May 1915 Triple Entente declaration

Member states of the United Nations

The member states of the United Nations comprise sovereign states.

See Armenian genocide and Member states of the United Nations

Middleman minority

A middleman minority is a minority population whose main occupations link producers and consumers: traders, money-lenders, etc.

See Armenian genocide and Middleman minority

Millet (Ottoman Empire)

In the Ottoman Empire, a millet (ملت) was an independent court of law pertaining to "personal law" under which a confessional community (a group abiding by the laws of Muslim sharia, Christian canon law, or Jewish halakha) was allowed to rule itself under its own laws.

See Armenian genocide and Millet (Ottoman Empire)

Ministry of the Interior (Ottoman Empire)

The Ministry of the Interior (داخلیه نظارتی; Dâhiliye nezareti; Ministère de l'Intérieur) was from 1860 the interior ministry of the Ottoman Empire, based in Constantinople (now Istanbul).

See Armenian genocide and Ministry of the Interior (Ottoman Empire)

Minority rights

Minority rights are the normal individual rights as applied to members of racial, ethnic, class, religious, linguistic or gender and sexual minorities, and also the collective rights accorded to any minority group.

See Armenian genocide and Minority rights

Mosul

Mosul (al-Mawṣil,,; translit; Musul; Māwṣil) is a major city in northern Iraq, serving as the capital of Nineveh Governorate.

See Armenian genocide and Mosul

Muhacir

Muhacir are the estimated millions of Ottoman Muslim citizens, and their descendants born after the onset of the dissolution of the Ottoman Empire, mostly Turks but also Albanians, Bosniaks, Circassians, Crimean Tatars, Pomaks, Macedonian Muslims, Greek Muslims, Serb Muslims, Georgian Muslims, and Muslim Roma who emigrated to East Thrace and Anatolia from the late 18th century until the end of the 20th century, mainly to escape ongoing persecution in their homelands.

See Armenian genocide and Muhacir

Murat River

The Murat River, also called Eastern Euphrates (Murat Nehri,, translit), is a major source of the Euphrates River.

See Armenian genocide and Murat River

Musa Dagh

Musa Dagh (Musa Dağı; Musa leṛ; Jebel Musa; meaning "Moses Mountain") is a mountain in the Hatay Province of Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Musa Dagh

Nagorno-Karabakh

Nagorno-Karabakh is a region in Azerbaijan, covering the southeastern stretch of the Lesser Caucasus mountain range.

See Armenian genocide and Nagorno-Karabakh

Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

The Nagorno-Karabakh conflict is an ethnic and territorial conflict between Armenia and Azerbaijan over the region of Nagorno-Karabakh, inhabited mostly by ethnic Armenians until 2023, and seven surrounding districts, inhabited mostly by Azerbaijanis until their expulsion during the 1990s.

See Armenian genocide and Nagorno-Karabakh conflict

National economy (Turkey)

National economy (Millî İktisat) is the economic plan, essentially kleptocratic, envisioned by Ziya Gökalp and carried out by successive Ottoman and Turkish governments, which involved the systematic dispossession of native Christian upper-classes (which primarily occurred as a result of the Armenian genocide and expulsion of Greeks) and their replacement by Muslim Turks, in addition to large-scale confiscation and redistribution of Christian-owned property.

See Armenian genocide and National economy (Turkey)

National Security Council (Turkey)

The National Security Council (Milli Güvenlik Kurulu, MGK) is the principal government agency used by the President of Turkey (who is the Commander-in-chief) for consideration of national security, military, and foreign policy matters with senior national security officials, and for coordinating these policies among various government agencies.

See Armenian genocide and National Security Council (Turkey)

Nazi Party

The Nazi Party, officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP), was a far-right political party in Germany active between 1920 and 1945 that created and supported the ideology of Nazism.

See Armenian genocide and Nazi Party

Nazism

Nazism, formally National Socialism (NS; Nationalsozialismus), is the far-right totalitarian socio-political ideology and practices associated with Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party (NSDAP) in Germany.

See Armenian genocide and Nazism

Near East Foundation

The Near East Foundation (NEF) had its genesis in a number of earlier organizations.

See Armenian genocide and Near East Foundation

NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies

The NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies (Dutch: NIOD Instituut voor Oorlogs-, Holocaust- en Genocidestudies) is an organisation in the Netherlands which maintains archives and carries out historical studies into the Second World War, the Holocaust and other genocides around the world, past and present.

See Armenian genocide and NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies

October Revolution

The October Revolution, also known as the Great October Socialist Revolution (in Soviet historiography), October coup,, britannica.com Bolshevik coup, or Bolshevik revolution, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolshevik Party of Vladimir Lenin that was a key moment in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917–1923.

See Armenian genocide and October Revolution

One-party state

A one-party state, single-party state, one-party system or single-party system is a governance structure in which only a single political party controls the ruling system.

See Armenian genocide and One-party state

Operation Nemesis

Operation Nemesis was a program to assassinate both Ottoman perpetrators of the Armenian genocide and officials of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic most responsible for the massacre of Armenians during the September Days of 1918 in Baku.

See Armenian genocide and Operation Nemesis

Ottoman Arabia

The Ottoman era in the history of Arabia lasted from 1517 to 1918.

See Armenian genocide and Ottoman Arabia

Ottoman archives

The Ottoman archives are a collection of historical sources related to the Ottoman Empire and a total of 39 nations whose territories one time or the other were part of this Empire, including 19 nations in the Middle East, 11 in the EU and Balkans, three in the Caucasus, two in Central Asia, Cyprus, as well as the Republic of Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Ottoman archives

Ottoman Army (1861–1922)

The Ottoman Army was the army of the Ottoman Empire after the country was reorganized along modern western European lines during the Tanzimat modernization period.

See Armenian genocide and Ottoman Army (1861–1922)

Ottoman Cyprus

The Eyalet of Cyprus (ایالت قبرص, Eyālet-i Ḳıbrıṣ) was an eyalet (province) of the Ottoman Empire made up of the island of Cyprus, which was annexed into the Empire in 1571.

See Armenian genocide and Ottoman Cyprus

Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.

See Armenian genocide and Ottoman Empire

Ottoman entry into World War I

The Ottoman Empire's entry into World War I began when two recently purchased ships of its navy, which were still crewed by German sailors and commanded by their German admiral, carried out the Black Sea Raid, a surprise attack against Russian ports, on 29 October 1914.

See Armenian genocide and Ottoman entry into World War I

Ottoman Gendarmerie

The Ottoman Gendarmerie (Jandarma), also known as zaptı, was a security forces and public order organization (a precursor to law enforcement) in the 19th-century Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Ottoman Gendarmerie

Ottomanism

Ottomanism or Osmanlılık (Osmanlıcılık) was a concept which developed prior to the 1876–1878 First Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Ottomanism

Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

See Armenian genocide and Oxford University Press

Palgrave Macmillan

Palgrave Macmillan is a British academic and trade publishing company headquartered in the London Borough of Camden.

See Armenian genocide and Palgrave Macmillan

Partition of the Ottoman Empire

The Partition of the Ottoman Empire (30 October 19181 November 1922) was a geopolitical event that occurred after World War I and the occupation of Constantinople by British, French, and Italian troops in November 1918.

See Armenian genocide and Partition of the Ottoman Empire

Patrilineality

Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage.

See Armenian genocide and Patrilineality

Persian campaign (World War I)

The Persian campaign or invasion of Iran (اشغال ایران در جنگ جهانی اول) was a series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire, British Empire and Russian Empire in various areas of what was then neutral Qajar Iran, beginning in December 1914 and ending with the Armistice of Mudros on 30 October 1918, as part of the Middle Eastern Theatre of World War I.

See Armenian genocide and Persian campaign (World War I)

Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf (Fars), sometimes called the (Al-Khalīj al-ˁArabī), is a mediterranean sea in West Asia.

See Armenian genocide and Persian Gulf

Personal property

Personal property is property that is movable.

See Armenian genocide and Personal property

Place name changes in Turkey

Place name changes in Turkey have been undertaken, periodically, in bulk from 1913 to the present by successive Turkish governments.

See Armenian genocide and Place name changes in Turkey

Pneumonia

Pneumonia is an inflammatory condition of the lung primarily affecting the small air sacs known as alveoli.

See Armenian genocide and Pneumonia

Pope Francis

Pope Francis (Franciscus; Francesco; Francisco; born Jorge Mario Bergoglio; 17 December 1936) is head of the Catholic Church and sovereign of the Vatican City State.

See Armenian genocide and Pope Francis

Population exchange between Greece and Turkey

The 1923 population exchange between Greece and Turkey (I Antallagí, Mübâdele, Mübadele) stemmed from the "Convention Concerning the Exchange of Greek and Turkish Populations" signed at Lausanne, Switzerland, on 30 January 1923, by the governments of Greece and Turkey. Armenian genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey are ethnic cleansing in Asia and ethnic cleansing in Europe.

See Armenian genocide and Population exchange between Greece and Turkey

Press coverage during the Armenian genocide

This page contains a selected list of press headlines relevant to the Armenian genocide in chronological order, as recorded in newspaper archives.

See Armenian genocide and Press coverage during the Armenian genocide

Presses Universitaires de France

Presses universitaires de France (PUF; University Press of France), founded in 1921 by Paul Angoulvent (1899–1976), is a French publishing house.

See Armenian genocide and Presses Universitaires de France

Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

See Armenian genocide and Princeton University Press

Rape during the Armenian genocide

During the Armenian genocide, which occurred in the Ottoman Empire under the leadership of the CUP, Armenian women in the Ottoman Empire were targets of a systematic campaign of genocidal rape, and other acts of violence against women described by scholars as "instruments of genocide" including kidnapping, forced prostitution, sexual mutilation and forced marriage into the perpetrator group.

See Armenian genocide and Rape during the Armenian genocide

Raphael Lemkin

Raphael Lemkin (Rafał Lemkin; 24 June 1900 – 28 August 1959) was a Polish lawyer of Jewish descent who is known for coining the term genocide and campaigning to establish the Genocide Convention.

See Armenian genocide and Raphael Lemkin

Ras al-Ayn Camps

Ra's al-'Ayn camps (also Ras ul-Ain camps) were desert death camps near Ra's al-'Ayn city, where many Armenians were deported and slaughtered during the Armenian genocide.

See Armenian genocide and Ras al-Ayn Camps

Ravished Armenia

Ravished Armenia (full title: Ravished Armenia: The Story of Aurora Mardiganian, the Christian Girl, Who Survived the Great Massacres) is a book written in 1918 by Arshaluys (Aurora) Mardiganian about her experiences in the Armenian genocide.

See Armenian genocide and Ravished Armenia

Ravished Armenia (film)

Ravished Armenia, also known as Auction of Souls, is a 1919 American silent film based on the autobiographical book Ravished Armenia by Arshaluys (Aurora) Mardiganian, who also played the lead role in the film.

See Armenian genocide and Ravished Armenia (film)

Raymond Kévorkian

Raymond Haroutioun Kévorkian (born February 22, 1953) is a French Armenian historian.

See Armenian genocide and Raymond Kévorkian

Red Army invasion of Armenia

The Red Army invasion of Armenia was a military campaign which was carried out by the 11th Army of Soviet Russia from September to 29 November 1920 in order to install a new Soviet government in the First Republic of Armenia, a former territory of the Russian Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Red Army invasion of Armenia

Routledge

Routledge is a British multinational publisher.

See Armenian genocide and Routledge

Rule of law

The rule of law is a political ideal that all citizens and institutions within a country, state, or community are accountable to the same laws, including lawmakers and leaders.

See Armenian genocide and Rule of law

Rum millet

Rūm millet (millet-i Rûm), or "Roman nation", was the name of the Eastern Orthodox Christian community in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Rum millet

Rumelia Eyalet

The Eyalet of Rumeli, or Eyalet of Rumelia (Eyālet-i Rūm-ėli), known as the Beylerbeylik of Rumeli until 1591, was a first-level province (beylerbeylik or eyalet) of the Ottoman Empire encompassing most of the Balkans ("Rumelia").

See Armenian genocide and Rumelia Eyalet

Russian Empire

The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.

See Armenian genocide and Russian Empire

Russo-Circassian War

The Russo-Circassian War, also known as the Russian invasion of Circassia, was the invasion of Circassia by Russia, starting in 1763 (O.S) with the Russian Empire assuming authority in Circassia, followed by the Circassian refusal,Henze 1992 and ending 100 years, 10 months and 6 days later with the last army of Circassia defeated on 21 May 1864 (O.S), making it exhausting and casualty-heavy for both sides.

See Armenian genocide and Russo-Circassian War

Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)

The Russo-Turkish War (lit, named for the year 1293 in the Islamic calendar; Russko-turetskaya voyna, "Russian–Turkish war") was a conflict between the Ottoman Empire and a coalition led by the Russian Empire which included Bulgaria, Romania, Serbia, and Montenegro.

See Armenian genocide and Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878)

Safavid Iran

Safavid Iran, Safavid Persia or the Safavid Empire,, officially known as the Guarded Domains of Iran, was one of the largest and long-standing Iranian empires after the 7th-century Muslim conquest of Persia, which was ruled from 1501 to 1736 by the Safavid dynasty.

See Armenian genocide and Safavid Iran

Saimbeyli

Saimbeyli, historically known as Hadjin (translit), is a town and district of Adana Province, Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Saimbeyli

Sayfo

The Sayfo (ܣܲܝܦܵܐ), also known as the Seyfo or the Assyrian genocide, was the mass slaughter and deportation of Assyrian/Syriac Christians in southeastern Anatolia and Persia's Azerbaijan province by Ottoman forces and some Kurdish tribes during World War I. The Assyrians were divided into mutually antagonistic churches, including the Syriac Orthodox Church, the Assyrian Church of the East, and the Chaldean Catholic Church. Armenian genocide and Sayfo are ethnic cleansing in Asia, history of West Azerbaijan province, massacres in the Ottoman Empire, persecution of Christians in the Ottoman Empire and world War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Sayfo

Sèvres syndrome

The Sèvres syndrome (Sevr sendromu) refers to a popular belief in Turkey that dangerous internal and external enemies, especially the West, are "conspiring to weaken and carve up the Turkish Republic".

See Armenian genocide and Sèvres syndrome

Süleymanlı

Süleymanlı, historically Zeitun (Զէյթուն), Zeytun, Zeytunfimis or Zeytünfimis, is a neighbourhood of the municipality and district of Onikişubat, Kahramanmaraş Province, Turkey.

See Armenian genocide and Süleymanlı

Second Balkan War

The Second Balkan War was a conflict that broke out when Bulgaria, dissatisfied with its share of the spoils of the First Balkan War, attacked its former allies, Serbia and Greece, on 16 (O.S.) / 29 (N.S.) June 1913.

See Armenian genocide and Second Balkan War

Sedentarization of Kurdish tribes

Sedentarization of Kurdish tribes was a policy pursued by the Ottoman Empire as early as the sixteenth century and became prominent in the nineteenth century.

See Armenian genocide and Sedentarization of Kurdish tribes

Seferberlik

The Seferberlik (from translation; translit) was the mobilisation effected by the late Ottoman Empire during the Second Balkan War of 1913 and World War I from 1914 to 1918, which involved the forced conscription of Lebanese, Palestinian, Syrian, and Kurdish men to fight on its behalf as well as the deportation of 'numerous Lebanese & Syrian & Kurdish families' (5,000 according to one contemporary account) to Anatolia under Djemal (Cemal) Pasha's orders.

See Armenian genocide and Seferberlik

Seljuk dynasty

The Seljuk dynasty, or Seljukids (سلجوقیان Saljuqian, alternatively spelled as Seljuqs or Saljuqs), Seljuqs, also known as Seljuk Turks, Seljuk Turkomans "The defeat in August 1071 of the Byzantine emperor Romanos Diogenes by the Turkomans at the battle of Malazgirt (Manzikert) is taken as a turning point in the history of Anatolia and the Byzantine Empire." or the Saljuqids, was an Oghuz Turkic, Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became Persianate and contributed to Turco-Persian culture in West Asia and Central Asia.

See Armenian genocide and Seljuk dynasty

Sharia

Sharia (sharīʿah) is a body of religious law that forms a part of the Islamic tradition based on scriptures of Islam, particularly the Quran and hadith.

See Armenian genocide and Sharia

Sinai and Palestine campaign

The Sinai and Palestine campaign was part of the Middle Eastern theatre of World War I, taking place between January 1915 and October 1918.

See Armenian genocide and Sinai and Palestine campaign

Slavery in Algeria

Slavery is noted in the area later known as Algeria since antiquity.

See Armenian genocide and Slavery in Algeria

Slavery in Tunisia

Slavery in Tunisia was a specific manifestation of the Arab slave trade, which was abolished on 23 January 1846 by Ahmed I Bey.

See Armenian genocide and Slavery in Tunisia

Smyrna

Smyrna (Smýrnē, or Σμύρνα) was an Ancient Greek city located at a strategic point on the Aegean coast of Anatolia.

See Armenian genocide and Smyrna

Soghomon Tehlirian

Soghomon Tehlirian (Սողոմոն Թեհլիրեան; April 2, 1896 – May 23, 1960) was an Armenian revolutionary and soldier who assassinated Talaat Pasha, the former Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire, in Berlin on March 15, 1921.

See Armenian genocide and Soghomon Tehlirian

South Caucasus

The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains.

See Armenian genocide and South Caucasus

Special Organization (Ottoman Empire)

The Special Organization (Teşkilât-ı Mahsusa, abbreviated TM) was an intelligence, paramilitary, and secret police organization in the Ottoman Empire known for its key role in the commission of the Armenian genocide. Armenian genocide and Special Organization (Ottoman Empire) are committee of Union and Progress and world War I crimes by the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Special Organization (Ottoman Empire)

State violence

State violence is the use of force, intimidation, or oppression by a government or ruling body against the citizens within the jurisdiction of said state.

See Armenian genocide and State violence

Stefan Ihrig

Stefan Ihrig is an academic, author, and speaker.

See Armenian genocide and Stefan Ihrig

Syrian Desert

The Syrian Desert (بادية الشامBādiyat Ash-Shām), also known as the North Arabian Desert, the Jordanian steppe, or the Badiya, is a region of desert, semi-desert, and steppe, covering approx.

See Armenian genocide and Syrian Desert

Talaat Pasha

Mehmed Talaat (1 September 187415 March 1921), commonly known as Talaat Pasha or Talat Pasha, was an Ottoman Young Turk activist, politician, and convicted war criminal who served as the de facto leader of the Ottoman Empire from 1913 to 1918.

See Armenian genocide and Talaat Pasha

Talaat Pasha: Father of Modern Turkey, Architect of Genocide

Talaat Pasha: Father of Modern Turkey, Architect of Genocide is a 2018 academic book by Hans-Lukas Kieser, published by Princeton University Press.

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Taner Akçam

Altuğ Taner Akçam (born 1953) is a Turkish-German historian and sociologist.

See Armenian genocide and Taner Akçam

Tanzimat

The (lit, see nizam) was a period of reform in the Ottoman Empire that began with the Gülhane Hatt-ı Şerif in 1839 and ended with the First Constitutional Era in 1876.

See Armenian genocide and Tanzimat

Taxation in the Ottoman Empire

Taxation in the Ottoman Empire changed drastically over time, and was a complex patchwork of different taxes, exemptions, and local customs.

See Armenian genocide and Taxation in the Ottoman Empire

Temporary Law of Deportation

The Temporary Law of Deportation, also known as the Tehcir Law (in Ottoman Turkish), or officially by the Republic of Turkey, the "Sevk ve İskân Kanunu" (Relocation and Resettlement Law) was a law passed by the Ottoman Council of Ministers on May 27, of 1915 authorizing the deportation of the Ottoman Empire's Armenian population. Armenian genocide and Temporary Law of Deportation are 1915 in Armenia and 1915 in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Temporary Law of Deportation

Terminology of the Armenian genocide

The terminology of the Armenian genocide is different in English, Turkish, and Armenian languages and has led to political controversies around the issue of Armenian genocide denial and Armenian genocide recognition.

See Armenian genocide and Terminology of the Armenian genocide

The American Historical Review

The American Historical Review is a quarterly academic history journal published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Historical Association, for which it is its official publication.

See Armenian genocide and The American Historical Review

The Cambridge History of the First World War

The Cambridge History of the First World War is a three-volume work, published in 2013 and 2014 by Cambridge University Press, that covers different aspects of the First World War.

See Armenian genocide and The Cambridge History of the First World War

The Forty Days of Musa Dagh

The Forty Days of Musa Dagh (Die vierzig Tage des Musa Dagh) is a 1933 novel by Austrian-Bohemian writer Franz Werfel based on events that took place in 1915, during the second year of World War I and at the beginning of the Armenian genocide.

See Armenian genocide and The Forty Days of Musa Dagh

Thessaloniki

Thessaloniki (Θεσσαλονίκη), also known as Thessalonica, Saloniki, Salonika, or Salonica, is the second-largest city in Greece, with slightly over one million inhabitants in its metropolitan area, and the capital of the geographic region of Macedonia, the administrative region of Central Macedonia and the Decentralized Administration of Macedonia and Thrace.

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Third Army (Ottoman Empire)

The Third Army was originally established in Skopje and later defended the northeastern provinces of the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Third Army (Ottoman Empire)

Tigris

The Tigris (see below) is the eastern of the two great rivers that define Mesopotamia, the other being the Euphrates.

See Armenian genocide and Tigris

Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

The Treaty of Brest-Litovsk was a separate peace treaty signed on 3 March 1918 between Soviet Russia and the Central Powers (Germany, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Bulgaria), by which Russia withdrew from World War I. The treaty, which followed months of negotiations after the armistice on the Eastern Front in December 1917, was signed at Brest-Litovsk (now Brest, Belarus).

See Armenian genocide and Treaty of Brest-Litovsk

Treaty of Lausanne

The Treaty of Lausanne (Traité de Lausanne, Lozan Antlaşması.) is a peace treaty negotiated during the Lausanne Conference of 1922–23 and signed in the Palais de Rumine in Lausanne, Switzerland, on 24 July 1923.

See Armenian genocide and Treaty of Lausanne

Treaty of Sèvres

The Treaty of Sèvres (Traité de Sèvres) was a 1920 treaty signed between the Allies of World War I and the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Treaty of Sèvres

Treaty of Zuhab

The Treaty of Zuhab (عهدنامه زهاب, Ahadnāmah Zuhab), also called Treaty of Qasr-e Shirin (Kasr-ı Şirin Antlaşması), was an accord signed between the Safavid Empire and the Ottoman Empire on May 17, 1639.

See Armenian genocide and Treaty of Zuhab

Trial in absentia

Trial in absentia is a criminal proceeding in a court of law in which the person being tried is not present.

See Armenian genocide and Trial in absentia

Triple Entente

The Triple Entente (from French entente meaning "friendship, understanding, agreement") describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

See Armenian genocide and Triple Entente

Tsitsernakaberd

The Armenian Genocide Memorial complex (Հայոց ցեղասպանության զոհերի հուշահամալիր, Hayots tseghaspanutyan zoheri hushahamalir, or Ծիծեռնակաբերդ, Tsitsernakaberd) is Armenia's official memorial dedicated to the victims of the Armenian genocide, built in 1967 on the hill of Tsitsernakaberd (Ծիծեռնակաբերդ) in Yerevan.

See Armenian genocide and Tsitsernakaberd

Turkey

Turkey, officially the Republic of Türkiye, is a country mainly in Anatolia in West Asia, with a smaller part called East Thrace in Southeast Europe.

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Turkic migration

The Turkic migrations were the spread of Turkic tribes and Turkic languages across Eurasia between the 4th and 11th centuries.

See Armenian genocide and Turkic migration

Turkification

Turkification, Turkization, or Turkicization (Türkleştirme) describes a shift whereby populations or places received or adopted Turkic attributes such as culture, language, history, or ethnicity.

See Armenian genocide and Turkification

Turkish National Movement

The Turkish National Movement (Millî Hareket), also known as the Anatolian Movement (Anadolu Hareketi), the Nationalist Movement (Milliyetçi Hareket), and the Kemalists (Kemalîler, Kemalciler or Kemalistler), included political and military activities of the Turkish revolutionaries that resulted in the creation and shaping of the modern Republic of Turkey, as a consequence of the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in World War I and the subsequent occupation of Constantinople and partitioning of the Ottoman Empire by the Allies under the terms of the Armistice of Mudros.

See Armenian genocide and Turkish National Movement

Turkish nationalism

Turkish nationalism (Türk milliyetçiliği) is nationalism among the people of Turkey and individuals whose national identity is Turkish.

See Armenian genocide and Turkish nationalism

Turkish people

Turkish people or Turks (Türkler) are the largest Turkic people who speak various dialects of the Turkish language and form a majority in Turkey and Northern Cyprus.

See Armenian genocide and Turkish people

Turkish War of Independence

The Turkish War of Independence (19 May 1919 – 24 July 1923) was a series of military campaigns and a revolution waged by the Turkish National Movement, after parts of the Ottoman Empire were occupied and partitioned following its defeat in World War I. The conflict was between the Turkish Nationalists against Allied and separatist forces over the application of Wilsonian principles, especially national self-determination, in post-World War I Anatolia and eastern Thrace. Armenian genocide and Turkish War of Independence are Armenia–Turkey relations.

See Armenian genocide and Turkish War of Independence

Turkish–Armenian War

The Turkish–Armenian War (Հայ-թուրքական պատերազմ), known in Turkey as the Eastern Front (Doğu Cephesi) of the Turkish War of Independence, was a conflict between the First Republic of Armenia and the Turkish National Movement following the collapse of the Treaty of Sèvres in 1920. Armenian genocide and Turkish–Armenian War are Armenia–Turkey relations.

See Armenian genocide and Turkish–Armenian War

Typhus

Typhus, also known as typhus fever, is a group of infectious diseases that include epidemic typhus, scrub typhus, and murine typhus.

See Armenian genocide and Typhus

Upper Mesopotamia

Upper Mesopotamia constitutes the uplands and great outwash plain of northwestern Iraq, northeastern Syria and southeastern Turkey, in the northern Middle East.

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Van, Turkey

Van (Վան; script) is a city in eastern Turkey's Van Province, on the eastern shore of Lake Van.

See Armenian genocide and Van, Turkey

Vorpahavak

Following the Armenian genocide, vorpahavak (որբահաւաք) was the organized effort to rescue "hidden" Armenian women and children who had survived the genocide by being abducted and adopted into Muslim families and forcibly converted to Islam.

See Armenian genocide and Vorpahavak

Western Armenia

Western Armenia (Western Armenian: Արեւմտեան Հայաստան, Arevmdian Hayasdan) is a term to refer to the western parts of the Armenian highlands located within Turkey (formerly the Ottoman Empire) that comprise the historical homeland of the Armenians.

See Armenian genocide and Western Armenia

Wilsonian Armenia

Wilsonian Armenia was the unimplemented boundary configuration of the First Republic of Armenia in the Treaty of Sèvres, as drawn by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson's Department of State.

See Armenian genocide and Wilsonian Armenia

Witnesses and testimonies of the Armenian genocide

Witnesses and testimony provide an important and valuable insight into the events which occurred both during and after the Armenian genocide.

See Armenian genocide and Witnesses and testimonies of the Armenian genocide

Young Turk Revolution

The Young Turk Revolution (July 1908) was a constitutionalist revolution in the Ottoman Empire.

See Armenian genocide and Young Turk Revolution

Young Turks

The Young Turks (Jön Türkler, from; also كنج تركلر Genç Türkler) was a constitutionalist broad opposition movement in the late Ottoman Empire against Sultan Abdul Hamid II's absolutist regime.

See Armenian genocide and Young Turks

1913 Ottoman coup d'état

The 1913 Ottoman coup d'état (23 January 1913), also known as the Raid on the Sublime Porte (Bâb-ı Âlî Baskını), was a coup d'état carried out in the Ottoman Empire by a number of Committee of Union and Progress (CUP) members led by Ismail Enver Bey and Mehmed Talaat Bey, in which the group made a surprise raid on the central Ottoman government buildings, the Sublime Porte (Bâb-ı Âlî). Armenian genocide and 1913 Ottoman coup d'état are committee of Union and Progress.

See Armenian genocide and 1913 Ottoman coup d'état

1914 Armenian reforms

The Armenian reforms, also known as the Yeniköy accord, was a reform plan devised by the European powers between 1912 and 1914 that envisaged the creation of two provinces in Ottoman Armenia placed under the supervision of two European inspectors general, who would be appointed to oversee matters related to the Armenian issues.

See Armenian genocide and 1914 Armenian reforms

1914 Greek deportations

The 1914 Greek deportations was the forcible expulsion of around 150,000 to 300,000 Ottoman Greeks from Eastern Thrace and the Aegean coast of Anatolia by the Committee of Union and Progress that culminated in May and June 1914. Armenian genocide and 1914 Greek deportations are ethnic cleansing in Asia and ethnic cleansing in Europe.

See Armenian genocide and 1914 Greek deportations

1965 Yerevan demonstrations

The 1965 Yerevan demonstrations took place in Yerevan, Armenia on 24 April 1965, on the 50th anniversary of the Armenian genocide.

See Armenian genocide and 1965 Yerevan demonstrations

31 March incident

The 31 March incident (31 Mart Vakası) was a political crisis within the Ottoman Empire in April 1909, during the Second Constitutional Era.

See Armenian genocide and 31 March incident

4th century

The 4th century was the time period from AD 301 (represented by the Roman numerals CCCI) to AD 400 (CD) in accordance with the Julian calendar.

See Armenian genocide and 4th century

6th century BC

The 6th century BC started on the first day of 600 BC and ended on the last day of 501 BC.

See Armenian genocide and 6th century BC

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Armenian_genocide

Also known as 1915 genocide, Aftermath of the Armenian Genocide, Aghed, Annihilation of the Armenians, Armanian Genocide, Armenian Genocide - Working Version, Armenian Genocide Claim, Armenian Genocide resources, Armenian Genocide ressources, Armenian Genocide/Working Version, Armenian Genocide/resources, Armenian Holocaust, Armenian Massacre, Armenian Massacres, Armenian Relocation, Armenian Tragedy, Armenian calamity, Armenian deportation, Armenian deportations, Armenian genicode, Armenocide, Ermeni Kirimi, Ermeni Kırımı, Ermeni Kıyımı, Ermeni Soykirimi, Ermeni Soykırımı, Ermeni Tehciri, Expulsion of the Armenian population, Génocide arménien, Génocide des Arméniens, Genocide of the Armenians, Genocide on the Armenians, Great Calamity, Hayots Tseghaspanutyun, International reactions to the Armenian genocide, Meds Yeghern, Medz Yeghern, Mets Yeghern, Ottoman massacre, The Armenian genocide, The Extermination Of the Armenians, Yeghern, Հայոց Ցեղասպանութիւն, Հայոց Ցեղասպանություն, Մեծ Եղեռն.

, Blue Book (Bryce and Toynbee book), British Army, Byzantine Empire, C. Hurst & Co., Cambridge University Press, Capital (economics), Careerism, Casualties of the Armenian genocide, Caucasus Army (Russian Empire, 1914–1917), Caucasus campaign, Censorship in Turkey, Central Powers, Centre pour l'Édition Électronique Ouverte, Chechens, Cheta (armed group), Child abuse, Cilicia, Circassians, Committee of Union and Progress, Comparative Studies in Society and History, Congress of Berlin, Constitution of the Ottoman Empire, Continuum International Publishing Group, Council of Ministers (Ottoman Empire), Crimes against humanity, Culture of Armenia, Damascus, Damat Ferid Pasha, Dörtyol, Death march, Deir ez-Zor, Demographic engineering, Deportation of Armenian intellectuals on 24 April 1915, Dhimmi, Djemal Pasha, Djevdet Bey, Dysentery, East Thrace, Eastern Armenia, Edirne, Enver Pasha, Erzincan, Ethnic cleansing, Ethnic nationalism, Euphrates, European Parliament, Feudalism, First Balkan War, First Republic of Armenia, Forced conversion, Forced labour, Forced marriage, Fourth Army (Ottoman Empire), Franco-Turkish War, Franz Werfel, Gendarmerie, General Assembly of the Ottoman Empire, Genocide, Genocide justification, German Empire, German–Ottoman alliance, Germany and the Armenian genocide, Government of the classical Ottoman Empire, Greek genocide, Gyumri, Hajj, Hamidian massacres, Hamidiye (cavalry), Harvard University Press, Hidden Armenians, History of concubinage in the Muslim world, Hrant Dink, I.B. Tauris, Imam, Internal enemy, International relations (1814–1919), Internment, Israel Council on Foreign Relations, Istanbul, Istanbul trials of 1919–1920, Jizya, Journal of Genocide Research, Journal of Human Rights, Justice and Development Party (Turkey), Karabakh movement, Kâhta, Kâzım Karabekir, Kemah, Erzincan, Khabur (Euphrates), Khachkar, Kingdom of Armenia (antiquity), Konya, Kozan, Adana, Kurdish emirates, Kurdish recognition of the Armenian genocide, Kurds, Kurds in Turkey, Labour battalions (Turkey), Lake Hazar, Land usurpation, Levant, List of Armenian genocide memorials, Macedonia (region), Malatya, Mamuret-ul-Aziz vilayet, Mandate for Syria and the Lebanon, Margaret L. Anderson, Maskanah, Matthias Bjørnlund, May 1915 Triple Entente declaration, Member states of the United Nations, Middleman minority, Millet (Ottoman Empire), Ministry of the Interior (Ottoman Empire), Minority rights, Mosul, Muhacir, Murat River, Musa Dagh, Nagorno-Karabakh, Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, National economy (Turkey), National Security Council (Turkey), Nazi Party, Nazism, Near East Foundation, NIOD Institute for War, Holocaust and Genocide Studies, October Revolution, One-party state, Operation Nemesis, Ottoman Arabia, Ottoman archives, Ottoman Army (1861–1922), Ottoman Cyprus, Ottoman Empire, Ottoman entry into World War I, Ottoman Gendarmerie, Ottomanism, Oxford University Press, Palgrave Macmillan, Partition of the Ottoman Empire, Patrilineality, Persian campaign (World War I), Persian Gulf, Personal property, Place name changes in Turkey, Pneumonia, Pope Francis, Population exchange between Greece and Turkey, Press coverage during the Armenian genocide, Presses Universitaires de France, Princeton University Press, Rape during the Armenian genocide, Raphael Lemkin, Ras al-Ayn Camps, Ravished Armenia, Ravished Armenia (film), Raymond Kévorkian, Red Army invasion of Armenia, Routledge, Rule of law, Rum millet, Rumelia Eyalet, Russian Empire, Russo-Circassian War, Russo-Turkish War (1877–1878), Safavid Iran, Saimbeyli, Sayfo, Sèvres syndrome, Süleymanlı, Second Balkan War, Sedentarization of Kurdish tribes, Seferberlik, Seljuk dynasty, Sharia, Sinai and Palestine campaign, Slavery in Algeria, Slavery in Tunisia, Smyrna, Soghomon Tehlirian, South Caucasus, Special Organization (Ottoman Empire), State violence, Stefan Ihrig, Syrian Desert, Talaat Pasha, Talaat Pasha: Father of Modern Turkey, Architect of Genocide, Taner Akçam, Tanzimat, Taxation in the Ottoman Empire, Temporary Law of Deportation, Terminology of the Armenian genocide, The American Historical Review, The Cambridge History of the First World War, The Forty Days of Musa Dagh, Thessaloniki, Third Army (Ottoman Empire), Tigris, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Treaty of Lausanne, Treaty of Sèvres, Treaty of Zuhab, Trial in absentia, Triple Entente, Tsitsernakaberd, Turkey, Turkic migration, Turkification, Turkish National Movement, Turkish nationalism, Turkish people, Turkish War of Independence, Turkish–Armenian War, Typhus, Upper Mesopotamia, Van, Turkey, Vorpahavak, Western Armenia, Wilsonian Armenia, Witnesses and testimonies of the Armenian genocide, Young Turk Revolution, Young Turks, 1913 Ottoman coup d'état, 1914 Armenian reforms, 1914 Greek deportations, 1965 Yerevan demonstrations, 31 March incident, 4th century, 6th century BC.

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Armenian genocide

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