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Arthur Cayley

Index Arthur Cayley

Arthur Cayley F.R.S. (16 August 1821 – 26 January 1895) was a British mathematician. [1]

116 relations: Actuary, Aeronautics, Algebra, Algebraic geometry, Analytical Society, Andrew Forsyth, Augustus De Morgan, Bar examination, Beltrami–Klein model, Binary function, Blackheath, London, Bookbinding, British people, British Science Association, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, Cayley (crater), Cayley graph, Cayley surface, Cayley table, Cayley transform, Cayley's formula, Cayley's Ω process, Cayley's mousetrap, Cayley's nodal cubic surface, Cayley's ruled cubic surface, Cayley's sextic, Cayley's theorem, Cayleyan, Cayley–Bacharach theorem, Cayley–Dickson construction, Cayley–Hamilton theorem, Cayley–Klein metric, Cayley–Purser algorithm, Characteristic polynomial, Charles Cayley, Charlotte Scott, Chasles–Cayley–Brill formula, Chow variety, Cognate linkage, Conveyancing, Copley Medal, Cornell University Library, Cubic surface, De Morgan Medal, Determinant, Distance geometry problem, Dublin, Elliptic function, England, ..., French language, George Cayley, George Peacock, George Salmon, German language, Girton College, Cambridge, Grassmann–Cayley algebra, Greek language, Group (mathematics), Group theory, H. F. Baker, Hyperbolic geometry, Invariant theory, Isaac Newton, Italian language, James Clerk Maxwell, James Joseph Sylvester, Johns Hopkins University, Johns Hopkins University Press, Joseph-Louis Lagrange, King's College School, Lawyer, Lincoln's Inn, Linear algebra, List of things named after Arthur Cayley, Lowes Cato Dickinson, Lucasian Professor of Mathematics, Mathematical Association, Mathematician, Mathematics, Merchant, Mill Road Cemetery, Cambridge, Moon, Mother, Newnham College, Cambridge, Octonion, Oxford University Press, Permutation group, Pierre-Simon Laplace, Professor, Project Gutenberg, Pure mathematics, Quaternion, Quippian, Richmond, London, Robert Harley (mathematician), Robert Leslie Ellis, Royal Medal, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, Ruled surface, Russia, Sadleirian Professor of Pure Mathematics, Saint Petersburg, Senior Wrangler (University of Cambridge), Smith's Prize, Square matrix, Surrey, The Mathematical Gazette, Trinity College, Cambridge, United Kingdom, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, University of Cambridge, Watercolor painting, William Hopkins, William Rowan Hamilton, Yorkshire. Expand index (66 more) »

Actuary

An actuary is a business professional who deals with the measurement and management of risk and uncertainty.

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Aeronautics

Aeronautics (from the ancient Greek words ὰήρ āēr, which means "air", and ναυτική nautikē which means "navigation", i.e. "navigation into the air") is the science or art involved with the study, design, and manufacturing of air flight capable machines, and the techniques of operating aircraft and rockets within the atmosphere.

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Algebra

Algebra (from Arabic "al-jabr", literally meaning "reunion of broken parts") is one of the broad parts of mathematics, together with number theory, geometry and analysis.

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Algebraic geometry

Algebraic geometry is a branch of mathematics, classically studying zeros of multivariate polynomials.

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Analytical Society

The Analytical Society was a group of individuals in early-19th-century Britain whose aim was to promote the use of Leibnizian notation for differentiation in calculus as opposed to the Newton notation for differentiation.

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Andrew Forsyth

Prof Andrew Russell Forsyth, FRS, FRSE (18 June 1858, Glasgow – 2 June 1942, South Kensington) was a British mathematician.

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Augustus De Morgan

Augustus De Morgan (27 June 1806 – 18 March 1871) was a British mathematician and logician.

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Bar examination

A bar examination is a test intended to determine whether a candidate is qualified to practice law in a given jurisdiction.

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Beltrami–Klein model

In geometry, the Beltrami–Klein model, also called the projective model, Klein disk model, and the Cayley–Klein model, is a model of hyperbolic geometry in which points are represented by the points in the interior of the unit disk (or n-dimensional unit ball) and lines are represented by the chords, straight line segments with ideal endpoints on the boundary sphere.

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Binary function

In mathematics, a binary function (also called bivariate function, or function of two variables) is a function that takes two inputs.

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Blackheath, London

Blackheath is a district of south east London, England, within the Royal Borough of Greenwich and the London Borough of Lewisham.

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Bookbinding

Bookbinding is the process of physically assembling a book of codex format from an ordered stack of paper sheets that are folded together into sections or sometimes left as a stack of individual sheets.

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British people

The British people, or the Britons, are the citizens of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, the British Overseas Territories, and the Crown dependencies.

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British Science Association

The British Science Association (BSA) is a charity and learned society founded in 1831 to aid in the promotion and development of science.

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Cambridge

Cambridge is a university city and the county town of Cambridgeshire, England, on the River Cam approximately north of London.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.

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Cayley (crater)

Cayley is a small lunar impact crater that is located in a lava-flooded region to the west of Mare Tranquillitatis and is named after the 19th century British mathematician Arthur Cayley.

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Cayley graph

In mathematics, a Cayley graph, also known as a Cayley colour graph, Cayley diagram, group diagram, or colour group is a graph that encodes the abstract structure of a group.

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Cayley surface

Cayley surface may refer to.

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Cayley table

A Cayley table, after the 19th century British mathematician Arthur Cayley, describes the structure of a finite group by arranging all the possible products of all the group's elements in a square table reminiscent of an addition or multiplication table.

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Cayley transform

In mathematics, the Cayley transform, named after Arthur Cayley, is any of a cluster of related things.

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Cayley's formula

In mathematics, Cayley's formula is a result in graph theory named after Arthur Cayley.

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Cayley's Ω process

In mathematics, Cayley's Ω process, introduced by, is a relatively invariant differential operator on the general linear group, that is used to construct invariants of a group action.

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Cayley's mousetrap

Mousetrap is the name of a game introduced by the English mathematician Arthur Cayley.

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Cayley's nodal cubic surface

In algebraic geometry, the Cayley surface, named after Arthur Cayley, is a cubic nodal surface in 3-dimensional projective space with four conical points.

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Cayley's ruled cubic surface

In differential geometry, Cayley's ruled cubic surface is the surface.

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Cayley's sextic

In geometry, Cayley's sextic (sextic of Cayley, Cayley's sextet) is a plane curve, a member of the sinusoidal spiral family, first discussed by Colin Maclaurin in 1718.

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Cayley's theorem

In group theory, Cayley's theorem, named in honour of Arthur Cayley, states that every group G is isomorphic to a subgroup of the symmetric group acting on G. This can be understood as an example of the group action of G on the elements of G. A permutation of a set G is any bijective function taking G onto G; and the set of all such functions forms a group under function composition, called the symmetric group on G, and written as Sym(G).

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Cayleyan

In algebraic geometry, the Cayleyan is a variety associated to a hypersurface by, who named it the pippian in and also called it the Steiner–Hessian.

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Cayley–Bacharach theorem

In mathematics, the Cayley–Bacharach theorem is a statement about cubic curves (plane curves of degree three) in the projective plane.

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Cayley–Dickson construction

In mathematics, the Cayley–Dickson construction, named after Arthur Cayley and Leonard Eugene Dickson, produces a sequence of algebras over the field of real numbers, each with twice the dimension of the previous one.

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Cayley–Hamilton theorem

In linear algebra, the Cayley–Hamilton theorem (named after the mathematicians Arthur Cayley and William Rowan Hamilton) states that every square matrix over a commutative ring (such as the real or complex field) satisfies its own characteristic equation.

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Cayley–Klein metric

In mathematics, a Cayley–Klein metric is a metric on the complement of a fixed quadric in a projective space is defined using a cross-ratio.

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Cayley–Purser algorithm

The Cayley–Purser algorithm was a public-key cryptography algorithm published in early 1999 by 16-year-old Irishwoman Sarah Flannery, based on an unpublished work by Michael Purser, founder of Baltimore Technologies, a Dublin data security company.

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Characteristic polynomial

In linear algebra, the characteristic polynomial of a square matrix is a polynomial which is invariant under matrix similarity and has the eigenvalues as roots.

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Charles Cayley

Charles Bagot Cayley (1823–1883) was an English linguist, best known for translating Dante into the metre of the original, with annotations.

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Charlotte Scott

Charlotte Angas Scott (8 June 1858, Lincoln, England – 10 November 1931, Cambridge, England) was a British mathematician who made her career in the United States and was influential in the development of American mathematics, including the mathematical education of women.

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Chasles–Cayley–Brill formula

In algebraic geometry, the Chasles–Cayley–Brill formula (also known as the Cayley-Brill formula) states that a correspondence T of valence k from an algebraic curve C of genus g to itself has d + e + 2kg united points, where d and e are the degrees of T and its inverse.

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Chow variety

In mathematics, and more particularly in the field of algebraic geometry, Chow coordinates are a generalization of Plücker coordinates, applying to m-dimensional algebraic varieties of degree d in Pn, that is, n-dimensional projective space.

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Cognate linkage

In kinematics, cognate linkages are linkages that ensure the same input-output relationship or coupler curve geometry, while being dimensionally dissimilar.

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Conveyancing

In law, conveyancing is the transfer of legal title of real property from one person to another, or the granting of an encumbrance such as a mortgage or a lien.

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Copley Medal

The Copley Medal is a scientific award given by the Royal Society, for "outstanding achievements in research in any branch of science." It alternates between the physical and the biological sciences.

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Cornell University Library

The Cornell University Library is the library system of Cornell University.

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Cubic surface

A cubic surface is a projective variety studied in algebraic geometry.

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De Morgan Medal

The De Morgan Medal is a prize for outstanding contribution to mathematics, awarded by the London Mathematical Society.

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Determinant

In linear algebra, the determinant is a value that can be computed from the elements of a square matrix.

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Distance geometry problem

The distance geometry problem is that of characterization and study of sets of points based only on given values of the distances between member pairs.

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Dublin

Dublin is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.

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Elliptic function

In complex analysis, an elliptic function is a meromorphic function that is periodic in two directions.

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England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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French language

French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

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George Cayley

Sir George Cayley, 6th Baronet (27 December 1773 – 15 December 1857) was an English engineer, inventor, and aviator.

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George Peacock

George Peacock FRS (9 April 1791 – 8 November 1858) was an English mathematician.

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George Salmon

Rev Prof George Salmon DD FBA FRS FRSE LLD (25 September 1819 – 22 January 1904) was a distinguished and influential Irish mathematician and Anglican theologian.

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German language

German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.

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Girton College, Cambridge

Girton College is one of the 31 constituent colleges of the University of Cambridge.

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Grassmann–Cayley algebra

In mathematics, a Grassmann–Cayley algebra is the exterior algebra with an additional product, which may be called the shuffle product or the regressive product.

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Greek language

Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.

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Group (mathematics)

In mathematics, a group is an algebraic structure consisting of a set of elements equipped with an operation that combines any two elements to form a third element and that satisfies four conditions called the group axioms, namely closure, associativity, identity and invertibility.

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Group theory

In mathematics and abstract algebra, group theory studies the algebraic structures known as groups.

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H. F. Baker

Henry Frederick Baker FRS FRSE (3 July 1866 – 17 March 1956) was a British mathematician, working mainly in algebraic geometry, but also remembered for contributions to partial differential equations (related to what would become known as solitons), and Lie groups.

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Hyperbolic geometry

In mathematics, hyperbolic geometry (also called Bolyai–Lobachevskian geometry or Lobachevskian geometry) is a non-Euclidean geometry.

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Invariant theory

Invariant theory is a branch of abstract algebra dealing with actions of groups on algebraic varieties, such as vector spaces, from the point of view of their effect on functions.

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Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author and physicist (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution.

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Italian language

Italian (or lingua italiana) is a Romance language.

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James Clerk Maxwell

James Clerk Maxwell (13 June 1831 – 5 November 1879) was a Scottish scientist in the field of mathematical physics.

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James Joseph Sylvester

James Joseph Sylvester FRS (3 September 1814 – 15 March 1897) was an English mathematician.

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Johns Hopkins University

Johns Hopkins University is an American private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.

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Johns Hopkins University Press

The Johns Hopkins University Press (also referred to as JHU Press or JHUP) is the publishing division of Johns Hopkins University.

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Joseph-Louis Lagrange

Joseph-Louis Lagrange (or;; born Giuseppe Lodovico Lagrangia, Encyclopædia Britannica or Giuseppe Ludovico De la Grange Tournier, Turin, 25 January 1736 – Paris, 10 April 1813; also reported as Giuseppe Luigi Lagrange or Lagrangia) was an Italian Enlightenment Era mathematician and astronomer.

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King's College School

King's College School, commonly referred to as KCS, King's or KCS Wimbledon, is a selective independent school in Wimbledon, southwest London, England.

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Lawyer

A lawyer or attorney is a person who practices law, as an advocate, attorney, attorney at law, barrister, barrister-at-law, bar-at-law, counsel, counselor, counsellor, counselor at law, or solicitor, but not as a paralegal or charter executive secretary.

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Lincoln's Inn

The Honourable Society of Lincoln's Inn is one of the four Inns of Court in London to which barristers of England and Wales belong and where they are called to the Bar.

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Linear algebra

Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as linear functions such as and their representations through matrices and vector spaces.

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List of things named after Arthur Cayley

Arthur Cayley (1821 – 1895) is the eponym of all the things listed below.

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Lowes Cato Dickinson

Lowes Cato Dickinson (27 November 1819 – 15 December 1908) was an English portrait painter and Christian socialist.

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Lucasian Professor of Mathematics

The Lucasian Chair of Mathematics is a mathematics professorship in the University of Cambridge, England; its holder is known as the Lucasian Professor.

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Mathematical Association

The Mathematical Association is a professional society concerned with mathematics education in the UK.

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Mathematician

A mathematician is someone who uses an extensive knowledge of mathematics in his or her work, typically to solve mathematical problems.

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Mathematics

Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα máthēma, "knowledge, study, learning") is the study of such topics as quantity, structure, space, and change.

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Merchant

A merchant is a person who trades in commodities produced by other people.

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Mill Road Cemetery, Cambridge

Mill Road Cemetery is a cemetery off Mill Road in the Petersfield area of Cambridge, England.

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Moon

The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth and is Earth's only permanent natural satellite.

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Mother

A mother is the female parent of a child.

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Newnham College, Cambridge

Newnham College is a women-only constituent college of the University of Cambridge.

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Octonion

In mathematics, the octonions are a normed division algebra over the real numbers, usually represented by the capital letter O, using boldface O or blackboard bold \mathbb O. There are three lower-dimensional normed division algebras over the reals: the real numbers R themselves, the complex numbers C, and the quaternions H. The octonions have eight dimensions; twice the number of dimensions of the quaternions, of which they are an extension.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Permutation group

In mathematics, a permutation group is a group G whose elements are permutations of a given set M and whose group operation is the composition of permutations in G (which are thought of as bijective functions from the set M to itself).

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Pierre-Simon Laplace

Pierre-Simon, marquis de Laplace (23 March 1749 – 5 March 1827) was a French scholar whose work was important to the development of mathematics, statistics, physics and astronomy.

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Professor

Professor (commonly abbreviated as Prof.) is an academic rank at universities and other post-secondary education and research institutions in most countries.

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Project Gutenberg

Project Gutenberg (PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize and archive cultural works, to "encourage the creation and distribution of eBooks".

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Pure mathematics

Broadly speaking, pure mathematics is mathematics that studies entirely abstract concepts.

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Quaternion

In mathematics, the quaternions are a number system that extends the complex numbers.

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Quippian

In mathematics, a quippian is a degree 5 class 3 contravariant of a plane cubic introduced by and discussed by.

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Richmond, London

Richmond is a suburban town in south-west London, The London Government Act 1963 (c.33) (as amended) categorises the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames as an Outer London borough.

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Robert Harley (mathematician)

Robert Harley (1828–1910) was an English Congregational minister and mathematician.

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Robert Leslie Ellis

Robert Leslie Ellis (25 August 1817 – 12 May 1859) was an English polymath, remembered principally as a mathematician and editor of the works of Francis Bacon.

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Royal Medal

A Royal Medal, known also as The King's Medal or The Queen's Medal, depending on the gender of the monarch at the time of the award, is a silver-gilt medal, of which three are awarded each year by the Royal Society, two for "the most important contributions to the advancement of natural knowledge" and one for "distinguished contributions in the applied sciences", done within the Commonwealth of Nations.

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Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences

The Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, abbreviated: KNAW) is an organization dedicated to the advancement of science and literature in the Netherlands.

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Ruled surface

In geometry, a surface S is ruled (also called a scroll) if through every point of S there is a straight line that lies on S. Examples include the plane, the curved surface of a cylinder or cone, a conical surface with elliptical directrix, the right conoid, the helicoid, and the tangent developable of a smooth curve in space.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Sadleirian Professor of Pure Mathematics

The Sadleirian Professorship of Pure Mathematics (originally in the statutes and for the first two professors, Sadlerian) is a professorship in pure mathematics within the DPMMS at the University of Cambridge.

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Saint Petersburg

Saint Petersburg (p) is Russia's second-largest city after Moscow, with 5 million inhabitants in 2012, part of the Saint Petersburg agglomeration with a population of 6.2 million (2015).

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Senior Wrangler (University of Cambridge)

The Senior Wrangler is the top mathematics undergraduate at Cambridge University in England, a position which has been described as "the greatest intellectual achievement attainable in Britain." Specifically, it is the person who achieves the highest overall mark among the Wranglers – the students at Cambridge who gain first-class degrees in mathematics.

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Smith's Prize

The Smith's Prize was the name of each of two prizes awarded annually to two research students in mathematics and theoretical physics at the University of Cambridge from 1769.

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Square matrix

In mathematics, a square matrix is a matrix with the same number of rows and columns.

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Surrey

Surrey is a county in South East England, and one of the home counties.

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The Mathematical Gazette

The Mathematical Gazette is an academic journal of mathematics education, published three times yearly, that publishes "articles about the teaching and learning of mathematics with a focus on the 15–20 age range and expositions of attractive areas of mathematics." It was established in 1894 by Edward Mann Langley as the successor to the Reports of the Association for the Improvement of Geometrical Teaching.

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Trinity College, Cambridge

Trinity College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge in England.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was established by the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland.

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University of Cambridge

The University of Cambridge (informally Cambridge University)The corporate title of the university is The Chancellor, Masters, and Scholars of the University of Cambridge.

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Watercolor painting

Watercolor (American English) or watercolour (British English; see spelling differences), also aquarelle (French, diminutive of Latin aqua "water"), is a painting method in which the paints are made of pigments suspended in a water-based solution.

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William Hopkins

William Hopkins FRS (2 February 1793 – 13 October 1866) was an English mathematician and geologist.

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William Rowan Hamilton

Sir William Rowan Hamilton MRIA (4 August 1805 – 2 September 1865) was an Irish mathematician who made important contributions to classical mechanics, optics, and algebra.

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Yorkshire

Yorkshire (abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom.

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Redirects here:

Arthur cayley, Cayley, Arthur.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arthur_Cayley

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