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Chola dynasty

Index Chola dynasty

The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of southern India. [1]

204 relations: Aadi Perukku, Aayirathil Oruvan (2010 film), Abbasid Caliphate, Agastya, Airavatesvara Temple, Andhra Pradesh, Archaeological Survey of India, Ariyalur district, Art, Ashoka, Athirajendra Chola, Avalon Hill, Baghdad, Balakumaran, Bengal, Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur, Bronze, Buddhamitra, Buddhism, Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi, Chera dynasty, China, Chola government, Chola invasion of Srivijaya, Chola literature, Chola Navy, Chudamani Vihara, Common Era, Darasuram, Deccan Plateau, Early Cholas, Eastern Chalukyas, Eelam, Ellalan, Emperor, Epigraphy, Gangaikonda Cholapuram, Ganges, Godavari River, Great Living Chola Temples, Great power, Hinduism, Hinduism in Southeast Asia, History of China, History of Kedah, History of Sri Lanka, History of Tamil Nadu, History of the Republic of India, History of the World (board game), Hoysala Empire, ..., Ilango Mutharaiyar, Indian copper plate inscriptions, Indian maritime history, Indonesia, Jainism, James Fergusson (architect), Jataka tales, Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I, Jayamkondar, K. A. Nilakanta Sastri, Kadava dynasty, Kadungon, Kalabhra dynasty, Kalachuris of Kalyani, Kalinganagar, Kalki (magazine), Kalki Krishnamurthy, Kambar (poet), Kanchipuram, Karaikal district, Karikala, Kathleen Gough, Kaveri, Kedah, King, Kochchenganan, Kolar, Kosala, Krishna, Kulottunga I, Kumbakonam, Kumudam, Lakshadweep, Lakshmi, Lanka, Later Cholas, List of Tamil monarchs, Literature, Madurai, Mahavamsa, Mahipala, Malacca Sultanate, Malays (ethnic group), Malaysia, Maldives, Mandalam, Maurya Empire, Medieval Cholas, Music, Muthuraja, Mysore, Nagapattinam, Nagapattinam district, Nalankilli, Nataraja, Nedunkilli, Odisha, Pala Empire, Pallava dynasty, Pandyan dynasty, Parimelalhagar, Parthiban Kanavu, Pataliputra, Pazhayarai, Perak, Perambalur district, Periplus of the Erythraean Sea, Periya Puranam, Pietro Della Valle, Pillars of Ashoka, Ponniyin Selvan, Prambanan, Ptolemy, Pudukkottai district, Puhar, Raja Chulan, Raja Raja Chola I, Rajadhiraja Chola, Rajaraja Cholan, Rajaraja Narendra, Rajendra Chola I, Rajendra Chola III, Ramanuja, Ramavataram, Ramayana, Rashtrakuta dynasty, Rayalaseema, Religion, Ryotwari, Saliya, Sandilyan, Sangam literature, Sangam period, Sanskrit, Satyashraya, Sculpture, Sengunthar, Senguttuvan, Shaivism, Shibi (king), Shiva, Sibi Jataka, Silambam, Simhavishnu, Sinhalese people, Sivaji Ganesan, Someshvara I, Someshvara IV, Song dynasty, South Asia, South India, Southeast Asia, Sri Lanka, Srirangapatna, Srivijaya, Talakkad, Malappuram district, Tambralinga, Tamil inscriptions in the Malay world, Tamil language, Tamil Nadu, Tamilakam, Tamils, Tang dynasty, Telugu Cholas, Temple, Thanjavur, Thanjavur district, Thiruvarur, Three Crowned Kings, Tiruchirappalli, Tiruchirappalli district, Tirunelveli, Tirutakkatevar, Tiruvarur district, Tribute, Tungabhadra River, UNESCO, Uraiyur, Uttama Chola, Valmiki, Vellalar, Vengi, Vijayalaya Chola, Vijayanagara Empire, Vikrama Chola, Virarajendra Chola, Vishnu, Vishnuvardhana, War elephant, Western Chalukya Empire, Wootz steel, World Heritage site, Xuanzang, Yavana Rani. Expand index (154 more) »

Aadi Perukku

Aadi pirappu commonly known as the Aadi monsoon festival and also written as Aadiperukku is a Tamil festival celebrated on the 18th day of the Tamil month of Adi (mid-July to mid-August).

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Aayirathil Oruvan (2010 film)

Aayirathil Oruvan (One Man in a Thousand) is a 2010 Indian Tamil-language action adventure film written and directed by Selvaraghavan.

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Abbasid Caliphate

The Abbasid Caliphate (or ٱلْخِلافَةُ ٱلْعَبَّاسِيَّة) was the third of the Islamic caliphates to succeed the Islamic prophet Muhammad.

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Agastya

Agastya was a revered Vedic sage of Hinduism.

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Airavatesvara Temple

Airavatesvara Temple is a Hindu temple of Tamil architecture located in the town of Darasuram, near Kumbakonam in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Andhra Pradesh

Andhra Pradesh is one of the 29 states of India.

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Archaeological Survey of India

The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is a Government of India (Ministry of Culture) organisation responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural monuments in the country.

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Ariyalur district

Ariyalur district is an administrative district in the state of Tamil Nadu in India.

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Art

Art is a diverse range of human activities in creating visual, auditory or performing artifacts (artworks), expressing the author's imaginative, conceptual idea, or technical skill, intended to be appreciated for their beauty or emotional power.

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Ashoka

Ashoka (died 232 BCE), or Ashoka the Great, was an Indian emperor of the Maurya Dynasty, who ruled almost all of the Indian subcontinent from to 232 BCE.

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Athirajendra Chola

Athirajendra Chola (1070 CE) reigned for a very short period of few months as the Chola king succeeding his father Virarajendra Chola.

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Avalon Hill

Avalon Hill Games Inc. is a game company that specializes in wargames and strategic board games.

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Baghdad

Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq.

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Balakumaran

Balakumaran (5 July 1946 – 15 May 2018) was an Indian Tamil writer, author of over 200 novels, 100 short stories, and dialogue/screenplay writer for 23 films.

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Bengal

Bengal (Bānglā/Bôngô /) is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in Asia, which is located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal.

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Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur

Brihadishvara Temple, also called Rajarajesvaram or Peruvudaiyar Kovil, is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Bronze

Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12% tin and often with the addition of other metals (such as aluminium, manganese, nickel or zinc) and sometimes non-metals or metalloids such as arsenic, phosphorus or silicon.

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Buddhamitra

Buddhamitrā (born c. 60) was a Buddhist nun from India during the Kushan Empire.

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Buddhism

Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

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Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi

Civaka Cintamani (சீவக சிந்தாமணி) is a classical epic poem.

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Chera dynasty

The Cheras were the ruling dynasty of the present-day state of Kerala and to a lesser extent, parts of Tamil Nadu in South India.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Chola government

The Chola government during the imperial period (850 – 1200 CE) was marked for its uniqueness and innovativeness.

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Chola invasion of Srivijaya

In 1025, Rajendra Chola, the Chola king from Tamil Nadu in South India, launched naval raids on ports of Srivijaya in maritime Southeast Asia, and conquered Kadaram (modern Kedah) from Srivijaya and occupied it for some time.

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Chola literature

Chola literature, written in Tamil, is the literature created during the period of Chola reign in South India between the 9th and the 13th centuries CE.

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Chola Navy

The Chola Navy (Tamil: சோழர் கடற்படை; Cōḻar kadatpadai) comprised the naval forces of the Chola Empire along with several other naval-arms of the country.

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Chudamani Vihara

Chudamani Vihara was a Buddhist vihara (monastery) in Nagapattinam, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Common Era

Common Era or Current Era (CE) is one of the notation systems for the world's most widely used calendar era – an alternative to the Dionysian AD and BC system.

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Darasuram

Darasuram or Dharasuram is a panchayat town located 3 kilometres from Kumbakonam in Thanjavur District, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Deccan Plateau

The Deccan PlateauPage 46, is a large plateau in western and southern India.

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Early Cholas

The Cholas of the pre and post Sangam period (400 BCE – 200 CE) were one of the three main kingdoms of the ancient Tamil country.

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Eastern Chalukyas

Eastern Chalukyas, also known as the Chalukyas of Vengi, were a dynasty that ruled parts of South India between the 7th and 12th centuries.

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Eelam

Eelam (ஈழம், īḻam, also spelled Eezham, Ilam or Izham in English) is the native Tamil name for the South Asian island state of Sri Lanka.

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Ellalan

Ellalan (translit; translit) was a member of the Tamil Chola dynasty, who upon capturing the throne became king of the Anuradhapura Kingdom, in present-day Sri Lanka, from 205-161 BCE.

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Emperor

An emperor (through Old French empereor from Latin imperator) is a monarch, usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm.

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Epigraphy

Epigraphy (ἐπιγραφή, "inscription") is the study of inscriptions or epigraphs as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the writing and the writers.

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Gangaikonda Cholapuram

Gangaikonda Cholapuram is a town located in Ariyalur, Tamil Nadu, India.

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Ganges

The Ganges, also known as Ganga, is a trans-boundary river of Asia which flows through the nations of India and Bangladesh.

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Godavari River

The Godavari is India's second longest river after the Ganga.

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Great Living Chola Temples

The Great Living Chola Temples is a UNESCO World Heritage Site designation for a group of Chola dynasty era Hindu temples in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Great power

A great power is a sovereign state that is recognized as having the ability and expertise to exert its influence on a global scale.

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Hinduism

Hinduism is an Indian religion and dharma, or a way of life, widely practised in the Indian subcontinent.

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Hinduism in Southeast Asia

Hinduism in Southeast Asia has a profound impact on the region's cultural development and its history.

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History of China

The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC,William G. Boltz, Early Chinese Writing, World Archaeology, Vol.

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History of Kedah

Kedah, also written as Queda, and known in the early days as Qalha, Kalah Bar, Kalah or Kalaha by the Arabs and Persians, Cheh-Cha, Ka-Cha by the Chinese and Kedaram, Kidaram, Kalagam and Kataha by the Tamils, is an early kingdom on the Malay Peninsula and an important early trade centre.

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History of Sri Lanka

The earliest human remains found on the island of Sri Lanka date to about 35,000 years ago (Balangoda Man).

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History of Tamil Nadu

The region of Tamil Nadu or Tamilakam, in the southeast of modern India, shows evidence of having had continuous human habitation from 15,000 BCE to 10,000 BCE.

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History of the Republic of India

The history of the Republic of India begins on 26 January 1950.

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History of the World (board game)

History of the World (often abbreviated HotW) is a board game designed by Ragnar Brothers and originally published in 1991.

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Hoysala Empire

The Hoysala Empire was a Kannadiga power originating from the Indian subcontinent, that ruled most of the what is now Karnataka, India between the 10th and the 14th centuries.

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Ilango Mutharaiyar

Ilango Mutharaiyar or Ko Ilango Mutharaiyar, also known as Videl Vidugu Ilangovathi Araiyan, was the last ruler of the Mutharaiyar dynasty (610 AD-851 AD).

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Indian copper plate inscriptions

Indian copper plate inscriptions play an important role in the reconstruction of the history of India.

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Indian maritime history

Indian maritime history begins during the 3rd millennium BCE when inhabitants of the Indus Valley initiated maritime trading contact with Mesopotamia.

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Indonesia

Indonesia (or; Indonesian), officially the Republic of Indonesia (Republik Indonesia), is a transcontinental unitary sovereign state located mainly in Southeast Asia, with some territories in Oceania.

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Jainism

Jainism, traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.

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James Fergusson (architect)

James Fergusson FRS (22 January 1808 – 9 January 1886) was a Scottish architectural historian, mainly remembered for his interest in Indian historical architecture and antiquities.

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Jataka tales

The Jātaka tales are a voluminous body of literature native to India concerning the previous births of Gautama Buddha in both human and animal form.

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Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I

Jatavarman Sundara Pandyan I, also known as Sadayavarman Sundara Pandyan, was king and of the Pandyan dynasty, ruling regions of Tamilakkam (present day South India between 1250–1268.Sethuraman, p124 He is remembered for his patronage of the arts and Dravidian architecture, along with refurbishment and decoration of many Kovils in the Tamil continent. He oversaw a massive economic growth of the Pandyan kingdom. On the eve of his death in 1268, the second Pandyan empire's power and territorial extent had risen to its zenith.

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Jayamkondar

Jayamkondar was the poet laureate of Kulottunga Chola I. He is renowned for the poem Kalingattu parani, in which he describes the Chola-Kalinga war and celebrates the victory of the Chola king.

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K. A. Nilakanta Sastri

Kallidaikurichi Aiyah Nilakanta Sastri (12 August 1892 – 15 June 1975) was an Indian historian who wrote on South Indian history.

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Kadava dynasty

Kadava was the name of a Tamil ruling dynasty who ruled parts of the Tamil country during the thirteenth and the fourteenth century.

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Kadungon

Kadungon was a Pandya king who revived the Pandya rule in South India in the 7th century CE.

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Kalabhra dynasty

The Kalabhra dynasty (களப்பிரர் Kalappirar) ruled over the entire ancient Tamil country between the 3rd and the 7th century in an era of South Indian history called the Kalabhra interregnum.

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Kalachuris of Kalyani

The Kalachuris of Kalyani were a 12th-century Indian dynasty, who ruled over parts of present-day northern Karnataka and Maharashtra.

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Kalinganagar

Kalinganagar is a planned industrial and modern town in Jajpur district of coastal Odisha, India.

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Kalki (magazine)

Kalki is a Tamil magazine published from Chennai, Tamil Nadu.

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Kalki Krishnamurthy

Ramaswamy Aiyer Krishnamurthy (9 September 1899 – 5 December 1954), better known by his pen name Kalki, was a Tamil writer, journalist, poet, critic and Indian independence activist.

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Kambar (poet)

Kambar (Kamban in casual address) (c. 1180, Therazhundur, Nagapattinam district, India – 1250) was a medieval Tamil poet and the author of the Ramavataram, popularly known as Kambaramayanam, the Tamil version of the epic Ramayana.

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Kanchipuram

Kanchipuram also known as Kānchi is a city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu in Tondaimandalam region, from Chennaithe capital of Tamil Nadu.

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Karaikal district

Karaikal district (also Karikal or Karaikkal) is one of the four districts of the Union Territory of Puducherry in India.

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Karikala

Karikala was a Chola king who ruled in southern India during the Sangam period.

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Kathleen Gough

Eleanor Kathleen Gough Aberle (16 August 1925 – 8 September 1990) was a British anthropologist and feminist who was known for her work in South Asia and South-East Asia.

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Kaveri

Kaveri (anglicized as Cauvery), also referred as Ponni, is an Indian river flowing through the states of Karnataka and Tamil Nadu.

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Kedah

Kedah (Jawi: قدح), also known by its honorific Darul Aman or "Abode of Peace", is a state of Malaysia, located in the northwestern part of Peninsular Malaysia.

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King

King, or King Regnant is the title given to a male monarch in a variety of contexts.

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Kochchenganan

Kochchenganan (Kōccengaṇān) or Śengaṇān (also spelt Senganan) was one of the Tamil kings of the Early Cholas mentioned in Sangam literature.

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Kolar

Kolar The Golden city of India, is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka.

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Kosala

Kingdom of Kosala (कोसला राज्य) was an ancient Indian kingdom, corresponding roughly in area with the region of Awadh in present-day Uttar Pradesh.

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Krishna

Krishna (Kṛṣṇa) is a major deity in Hinduism.

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Kulottunga I

Kulottunga Chola (also spelt Kulothunga) was an 11th century monarch of the Chola Empire.

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Kumbakonam

Kumbakonam, also spelt as Coombaconum or Combaconum in the records of British India, is a town and a special grade municipality in the Thanjavur district in the southeast Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Kumudam

Kumudam is a Tamil weekly magazine published in Chennai, India.

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Lakshadweep

Lakshadweep (Lakshadīb), formerly known as the Laccadive, Minicoy, and Aminidivi Islands, is a group of islands in the Laccadive Sea, off the southwestern coast of India.

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Lakshmi

Lakshmi (Sanskrit: लक्ष्मी, IAST: lakṣmī) or Laxmi, is the Hindu goddess of wealth, fortune and prosperity.

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Lanka

Lanka is the name given in Hindu epics to the island fortress capital of the legendary asura king Ravana in the epics of the Ramayana and the Mahabharata.

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Later Cholas

The Later Chola dynasty ruled the Chola Empire from 1070 C.E. until the demise of the empire in 1279 C. E. This dynasty was the product of decades of alliances based on marriages between the Cholas and the Eastern Chalukyas based in Vengi and produced some of the greatest Chola emperors such as Kulothunga Chola I (1070–1120 C. E.). The extent of the Chola Empire during this period stretched from the island of Lanka to Kalinga in the northeast.

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List of Tamil monarchs

This is a list of Tamil-speaking monarchs, who ruled in Tamilakam and Sri Lanka.

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Literature

Literature, most generically, is any body of written works.

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Madurai

Madurai is one of the major cities in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Mahavamsa

The Mahavamsa ("Great Chronicle", Pali Mahāvaṃsa) (5th century CE) is an epic poem written in the Pali language.

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Mahipala

Mahipala (or Mahipala I) was a notable king of the Pala dynasty, which ruled over much of the Eastern regions of the Indian subcontinent, between the 8th and 12th century.

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Malacca Sultanate

The Malacca Sultanate (Kesultanan Melayu Melaka; Jawi script: كسلطانن ملايو ملاك) was a Malay sultanate centred in the modern-day state of Malacca, Malaysia.

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Malays (ethnic group)

Malays (Orang Melayu, Jawi: أورڠ ملايو) are an Austronesian ethnic group that predominantly inhabit the Malay Peninsula, eastern Sumatra and coastal Borneo, as well as the smaller islands which lie between these locations — areas that are collectively known as the Malay world.

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Malaysia

Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia.

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Maldives

The Maldives (or; ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ Dhivehi Raa'jey), officially the Republic of Maldives, is a South Asian sovereign state, located in the Indian Ocean, situated in the Arabian Sea.

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Mandalam

A mandalam (maṇḍalam meaning circle; also known as pāḍi) was the largest territorial division in the Chola state.

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Maurya Empire

The Maurya Empire was a geographically-extensive Iron Age historical power founded by Chandragupta Maurya which dominated ancient India between 322 BCE and 180 BCE.

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Medieval Cholas

Medieval Cholas rose to prominence during the middle of the 9th century CE and established one of the greatest empires in South India.

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Music

Music is an art form and cultural activity whose medium is sound organized in time.

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Muthuraja

Muthuraja or Mutharaiyar are Tamil-speaking community of landowners.

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Mysore

Mysore, officially Mysuru, is the third most populous city in the state of Karnataka, India.

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Nagapattinam

Nagapattinam (nākappaṭṭinam, previously spelt Nagapatnam or Negapatam) is a town in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Nagapattinam District.

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Nagapattinam district

Nagapattinam district is a coastal district of Tamil Nadu state in southern India.

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Nalankilli

Nalankilli was one of the Tamil king of Early Cholas of the Chola Dynasty mentioned in Sangam Literature.

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Nataraja

Nataraja (meaning "the lord of dance") is a depiction of the Hindu god Shiva as the cosmic ecstatic dancer.

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Nedunkilli

Nedunkilli (நெடுங்கிள்ளி) was a Tamil king of the Early Cholas mentioned in Sangam Literature.

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Odisha

Odisha (formerly Orissa) is one of the 29 states of India, located in eastern India.

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Pala Empire

The Pala Empire was an imperial power during the Late Classical period on the Indian subcontinent, which originated in the region of Bengal.

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Pallava dynasty

The Pallava dynasty was a South Indian dynasty that existed from 275 CE to 897 CE, ruling a portion of southern India.

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Pandyan dynasty

The Pandyan dynasty was an ancient Tamil dynasty, one of the three Tamil dynasties, the other two being the Chola and the Chera.

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Parimelalhagar

Parimelalhagar (c. 13th century CE), also known as Vanthuvarai Perumal, was a Tamil poet and commentator known for his commentary on the Thirukkural.

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Parthiban Kanavu

Parthiban Kanavu (பார்த்திபன் கனவு,, lit. Parthiban's dream) is a famous Tamil novel written by Kalki Krishnamurthy.

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Pataliputra

Pataliputra (IAST), adjacent to modern-day Patna, was a city in ancient India, originally built by Magadha ruler Udayin in 490 BCE as a small fort near the Ganges river.

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Pazhayarai

Pazhayarai or Pazhaiyarai (Tamil: பழையாறை paḻaiyāṟai) was an ancient capital of the medieval Chola dynasty in Tamil Nadu.

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Perak

No description.

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Perambalur district

Perambalur is an administrative district in the state of Tamil Nadu, India.

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Periplus of the Erythraean Sea

The Periplus of the Erythraean Sea or Periplus of the Red Sea (Περίπλους τῆς Ἐρυθράς Θαλάσσης, Periplus Maris Erythraei) is a Greco-Roman periplus, written in Greek, describing navigation and trading opportunities from Roman Egyptian ports like Berenice along the coast of the Red Sea, and others along Northeast Africa and the Sindh and South western India.

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Periya Puranam

The Periya Puranam (Tamil: பெரிய‌ புராண‌ம்), that is, the great purana or epic, sometimes called Tiruttontarpuranam ("Tiru-Thondar-Puranam", the Purana of the Holy Devotees), is a Tamil poetic account depicting the lives of the sixty-three Nayanars, the canonical poets of Tamil Shaivism.

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Pietro Della Valle

Pietro della Valle (2 April 1586 – 21 April 1652) was an Italian composer, musicologist, and author who traveled throughout Asia during the Renaissance period.

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Pillars of Ashoka

The pillars of Ashoka are a series of columns dispersed throughout the Indian subcontinent, erected or at least inscribed with edicts by the Mauryan king Ashoka during his reign from c. 268 to 232 BC.

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Ponniyin Selvan

Ponniyin Selvan (பொன்னியின் செல்வன், English: (The Son of Ponni) is a 2400-page 20th-century Tamil historical novel written by Kalki Krishnamurthy. Written in five volumes, this narrates the story of Arulmozhivarman (later crowned as Rajaraja Chola I), one of the kings of the Chola Dynasty during the 10th and 11th centuries. Kalki finished the novel after nearly three and a half years of writing and he visited Sri Lanka three times to gather information for the novel.

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Prambanan

Prambanan or Rara Jonggrang (Rara Jonggrang) is a 9th-century Hindu temple compound in Central Java, Indonesia, dedicated to the Trimurti, the expression of God as the Creator (Brahma), the Preserver (Vishnu) and the Transformer (Shiva).

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Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy (Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος, Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; Claudius Ptolemaeus) was a Greco-Roman mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology.

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Pudukkottai district

Pudukkottai District is a district of Tamil Nadu state in southern India.

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Puhar

Puhar (also known as Poompuhar) is a town in the Nagapattinam district in the southern Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Raja Chulan

Raja Chulan ibni Almarhum Sultan Abdullah Muhammad Shah II Habibullah KBE (1 July 1869 – 10 April 1933) was a member of the Perak royal family.

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Raja Raja Chola I

Raja Raja Cholan I (or Rajaraja Cholan I) born as Arul Mozhi Varman known as Raja Raja Cholan was a Chola Emperor from present day South India who ruled over the Chola kingdom of Ancient Tamilnadu (parts of southern India), parts of northern India, two third's of Sri Lankan territory (Eezham), Maldives and parts of East Asia, between 985 and 1014 CE.

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Rajadhiraja Chola

Kōpparakēsarivarman Rājādhiraja Chōla I was an 11th-century emperor of the Indian Chola empire and the successor of his father, Rajendra Chola I. During his long reign, he helped his father conquer many territories and maintained the Chola authority over most of Lanka, Vengi, Kalinga, etc.

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Rajaraja Cholan

Rajaraja Cholan is a 1973 Tamil film about the life of the Chola king Rajaraja Chola.

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Rajaraja Narendra

Rajaraja Narendra Chalukya (1022–1061 CE) was the Eastern Chalukya king of the Vengi or Vengai Nadu (as recorded in inscriptions) kingdom in South India.He belongs to Kshatriya Raju clan.

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Rajendra Chola I

Rajendra Chola I or Rajendra I was a Chola emperor of India who succeeded his father Rajaraja Chola I to the throne in 1014 CE.

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Rajendra Chola III

Rajendra Chola III was the son of Rajaraja Chola III who came to the Chola throne in 1246 CE.

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Ramanuja

Ramanuja (traditionally, 1017–1137 CE) was a Hindu theologian, philosopher, and one of the most important exponents of the Sri Vaishnavism tradition within Hinduism.

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Ramavataram

Ramavataram, popularly referred to as Kamba Ramayanam, is a Tamil epic that was written by the Tamil poet Kambar during the 12th century.

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Ramayana

Ramayana (रामायणम्) is an ancient Indian epic poem which narrates the struggle of the divine prince Rama to rescue his wife Sita from the demon king Ravana.

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Rashtrakuta dynasty

Rashtrakuta (IAST) was a royal dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the sixth and 10th centuries.

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Rayalaseema

Rayalaseema is a geographic region in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It comprises four southern districts of the state namely, Anantapur, Chittoor, Kadapa and Kurnool. census of India, the region with four districts had a population of 15,184,908 and covers an area of.

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Religion

Religion may be defined as a cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, world views, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that relates humanity to supernatural, transcendental, or spiritual elements.

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Ryotwari

The Ryotwari system was introduced by Sir Thomas Munro and Captain Alexander Read in 1820.

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Saliya

Saliyar or Saliya or Chaliyan or Sali or Sale is an Indian caste.

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Sandilyan

Sandilyan or Chandilyan (சாண்டில்யன்) is the Pen name of Bhashyam Iyengar, a noted Tamil writer of historical fiction.

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Sangam literature

The Sangam literature (Tamil: சங்க இலக்கியம், Sanga ilakkiyam) is the ancient Tamil literature of the period in the history of ancient southern India (known as the Thamizhagam or the Tamilagam) spanning from c. 300 BCE to 300 CE.

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Sangam period

Sangam period is the period of history of ancient Tamil Nadu and Kerala (known as Tamilakam) spanning from c. 3rd century BC to c. 3rd century AD.

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Sanskrit

Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.

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Satyashraya

Satyashraya, also known as Sattiga or Irivabedanga, was a king of the Western Chalukya Empire.

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Sculpture

Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions.

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Sengunthar

Sengunthar or Kaikolar is a Tamil community found in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and also in some parts of Kerala, Karnataka, Andhra Pradesh and Northern Province, Sri Lanka.

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Senguttuvan

Senguttuvan was a ruler of the Chera Kingdom in the Sangam Period.

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Shaivism

Shaivism (Śaivam) (Devanagari: शैव संप्रदाय) (Bengali: শৈব) (Tamil: சைவம்) (Telugu: శైవ సాంప్రదాయం) (Kannada:ಶೈವ ಸಂಪ್ರದಾಯ) is one of the major traditions within Hinduism that reveres Shiva as the Supreme Being.

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Shibi (king)

Shivi, '"Shibi'" or Sibi is a king in Hindu mythology and the Jataka tales of Buddhism, notably in the Sibi Jataka.

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Shiva

Shiva (Sanskrit: शिव, IAST: Śiva, lit. the auspicious one) is one of the principal deities of Hinduism.

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Sibi Jataka

Shibi Jataka is one of the Jataka tales detailing episodes of the various incarnations of Buddha.

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Silambam

Silambam (சிலம்பம்) is a weapon-based martial art of India, more specifically in the state of Tamil Nadu, where it originated around 1000 BC.

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Simhavishnu

Simhavishnu, also known as Avanisimha, son of Simhavarman III and one of the Pallava kings of India, was responsible for the revival of the Pallavan dynasty.

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Sinhalese people

The Sinhalese (Sinhala: සිංහල ජාතිය Sinhala Jathiya, also known as Hela) are an Indo-Aryan-speaking ethnic group native to the island of Sri Lanka.

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Sivaji Ganesan

Villupuram Chinnaiah Ganesan, known by his stage name Sivaji Ganesan, (1 October 1928 – 21 July 2001) was an Indian actor, producer and composer.

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Someshvara I

Someshvara I was a notable king of the Western Chalukyas.

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Someshvara IV

Someshvara IV orSastri(1955), p187 was the last king of the Western Chalukya empire.

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Song dynasty

The Song dynasty (960–1279) was an era of Chinese history that began in 960 and continued until 1279.

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South Asia

South Asia or Southern Asia (also known as the Indian subcontinent) is a term used to represent the southern region of the Asian continent, which comprises the sub-Himalayan SAARC countries and, for some authorities, adjoining countries to the west and east.

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South India

South India is the area encompassing the Indian states of Andhra Pradesh, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Telangana as well as the union territories of Lakshadweep, Andaman and Nicobar Islands and Puducherry, occupying 19% of India's area.

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Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia.

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Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා; Tamil: இலங்கை Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea.

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Srirangapatna

Srirangapatna (also spelled Shrirangapattana; anglicized to Seringapatam during the British Raj) is a town in Mandya district of the Indian state of Karnataka.

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Srivijaya

Srivijaya (also written Sri Vijaya, Indonesian/Malay: Sriwijaya, Javanese: ꦯꦿꦶꦮꦶꦗꦪ, Sundanese:, ศรีวิชัย, Sanskrit: श्रीविजय, Śrīvijaya, Khmer: ស្រីវិជ័យ "Srey Vichey", known by the Chinese as Shih-li-fo-shih and San-fo-ch'i t) was a dominant thalassocratic Malay city-state based on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, which influenced much of Southeast Asia.

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Talakkad, Malappuram district

Talakkad is a village in Malappuram district in the state of Kerala, India.

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Tambralinga

Tambralinga was an ancient kingdom located on the Malay Peninsula that at one time came under the influence of Srivijaya.

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Tamil inscriptions in the Malay world

A number of medieval inscriptions written in Tamil language and script that have been found in Southeast Asia and China, mainly in Sumatra and peninsular Thailand.

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Tamil language

Tamil (தமிழ்) is a Dravidian language predominantly spoken by the Tamil people of India and Sri Lanka, and by the Tamil diaspora, Sri Lankan Moors, Burghers, Douglas, and Chindians.

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Tamil Nadu

Tamil Nadu (• tamiḻ nāḍu ? literally 'The Land of Tamils' or 'Tamil Country') is one of the 29 states of India.

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Tamilakam

Tamilakam refers to the geographical region inhabited by the ancient Tamil people.

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Tamils

The Tamil people, also known as Tamilar, Tamilans, or simply Tamils, are a Dravidian ethnic group who speak Tamil as their mother tongue and trace their ancestry to the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, the Indian Union territory of Puducherry, or the Northern, Eastern Province and Puttalam District of Sri Lanka.

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Tang dynasty

The Tang dynasty or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.

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Telugu Cholas

The Telugu Cholas were a branch of the Tamil Chola dynasty who reigned over parts of present-day Andhra Pradesh between the seventh and the thirteenth century.

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Temple

A temple (from the Latin word templum) is a structure reserved for religious or spiritual rituals and activities such as prayer and sacrifice.

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Thanjavur

Thanjavur, formerly Tanjore,Pletcher 2010, p. 195 is a city in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Thanjavur district

Thanjavur District is one of the 32 districts of the state of Tamil Nadu, in southeastern India.

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Thiruvarur

Thiruvarur also spelt as Tiruvarur is a town and municipality in Tiruvarur district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Three Crowned Kings

The Three Crowned rulers, or the Three Glorified by Heaven, or World of the Three, primarily known as Moovendhar, refers to the triumvirate of Chola, Chera and Pandya who dominated the politics of the ancient Tamil country, Tamilakam, from their three countries or Nadu of Chola Nadu, Pandya Nadu (present day Madurai and Tirunelveli) and Chera Nadu (present day Kerala) in southern India.

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Tiruchirappalli

Tiruchirappalli (formerly Trichinopoly in English), also called Trichy, is a major tier II city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu and the administrative headquarters of Tiruchirappalli District.

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Tiruchirappalli district

Tiruchirapalli District is located along the Kaveri River in Tamil Nadu, India.

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Tirunelveli

Tirunelveli, also known as Nellai and historically (during British rule) as Tinnevelly, is a major city in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Tirutakkatevar

Tirutakkatevar was a Tamil Jain poet who wrote Cīvaka Cintāmaṇi, one of The Five Great Epics of Tamil Literature.

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Tiruvarur district

Thiruvarur district (Composite Tanjore Dist) is one of the 32 districts in the Tamil Nadu state of India.

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Tribute

A tribute (/ˈtrɪbjuːt/) (from Latin tributum, contribution) is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of respect or, as was often the case in historical contexts, of submission or allegiance.

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Tungabhadra River

The Tungabhadra River is a river in India that starts and flows through the state of Karnataka during most of its course, before flowing along the border between Karnataka, Telangana and Andhra Pradesh and ultimately joining the Krishna River in Kurnool District of Andhra Pradesh. In the epic Ramayana, the Tungabhadra River was known by the name of Pampa.

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UNESCO

The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; Organisation des Nations unies pour l'éducation, la science et la culture) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) based in Paris.

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Uraiyur

Urayur is an area of Tiruchirapalli in Tamil Nadu, India.

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Uttama Chola

Uttama Chola born Madurantaka ascended the Chola throne c. 970 CE succeeding Parantaka Chola II.

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Valmiki

Valmiki (Sanskrit: वाल्मीकि, Vālmīki) is celebrated as the harbinger-poet in Sanskrit literature.

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Vellalar

Vellalars (also, Velalars, Vellalas) is a Tamil caste found mainly in the Indian states of Tamil Nadu, Kerala and in northeastern parts of Sri Lanka.

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Vengi

The Vengi (or Venginadu) is a region spread over the mandals of Godavari and Krishna districts.

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Vijayalaya Chola

Vijayalaya Chola was a king of South India Thanjavur, and founded the imperial Chola Empire.

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Vijayanagara Empire

The Vijayanagara Empire (also called Karnata Empire, and the Kingdom of Bisnegar by the Portuguese) was based in the Deccan Plateau region in South India.

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Vikrama Chola

Kōpparakēsarivarman Vikrama Chola was a 12th-century king of the Chola empire.

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Virarajendra Chola

Virarajendra Chola (r.1063–1070 CE) is considered to be one of the most underrated Chola kings, mainly because a major part of his life was spent as a subordinate of his two elder brothers Rajadhiraja Chola I and Rajendra Chola II, who along with Virarajendra Chola himself were the illustrious sons of their Chakravarti(Emperor) father, Rajendra Chola I. While certainly it was not a practice among the Chola kings to nominate the eldest son, but the most capable (in administration of their domains as well as proving their mettle on the battlefield) as the heir to the throne.

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Vishnu

Vishnu (Sanskrit: विष्णु, IAST) is one of the principal deities of Hinduism, and the Supreme Being in its Vaishnavism tradition.

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Vishnuvardhana

Vishnuvardhana (ವಿಷ್ಣುವರ್ಧನ) (r.1108–1152 CE) was a king of the Hoysala Empire in what is today the modern state of Karnataka, India.

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War elephant

A war elephant is an elephant that is trained and guided by humans for combat.

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Western Chalukya Empire

The Western Chalukya Empire ruled most of the western Deccan, South India, between the 10th and 12th centuries.

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Wootz steel

Wootz steel is a crucible steel characterized by a pattern of bands, which are formed by sheets of micro carbides within a tempered martensite or pearlite matrix in higher carbon steel, or by ferrite and pearlite banding in lower carbon steels.

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World Heritage site

A World Heritage site is a landmark or area which is selected by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) as having cultural, historical, scientific or other form of significance, and is legally protected by international treaties.

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Xuanzang

Xuanzang (fl. c. 602 – 664) was a Chinese Buddhist monk, scholar, traveller, and translator who travelled to India in the seventh century and described the interaction between Chinese Buddhism and Indian Buddhism during the early Tang dynasty.

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Yavana Rani

Yavana Rani (translit, lit. Greek Queen) is a Tamil language historical novel written by Sandilyan.

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Redirects here:

Choda, Chodas, Chola, Chola Dynasty, Chola Empire, Chola Kingdom, Chola empire, Chola kingdom, Chola occupied Anuradhapura, Chola period, Cholas, Cholas Dynasty, Cholia, Chozha Dynasty, Chozha Empire, Chozha Kingdom, Chozhas, Cola Dynasty, சோழர் குலம.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chola_dynasty

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