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Civil disobedience

Index Civil disobedience

Civil disobedience is the active, professed refusal of a citizen to obey certain laws, demands, orders or commands of a government or occupying international power. [1]

227 relations: Abalone Alliance, ACT UP, Adolf Hitler, Al-Azhar University, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, Allocution, Anna Hazare, Anti-war movement, Antigone, Antigone (Sophocles play), Apartheid, Arson, Ashton Nichols, Assaulting, kidnapping, and assassinating the government officials of the United States, Étienne de La Boétie, Bail, Baltic states, Bank, Benjamin Spock, Birmingham campaign, Black's Law Dictionary, Book of Exodus, Boycott, British Empire, British Raj, Cannabis (drug), Chicago Seven, Citizenship, Civil Disobedience (Thoreau), Civil disorder, Civil resistance, Civil rights movement, Clamshell Alliance, Committee of 100 (United Kingdom), Communism, Competing harms, Computer trespass, Conscientious objector, Consent search, Constitutional crisis, Constitutionality, Creon, Crime control, Czechoslovakia, Dalai Lama, Daniel Berrigan, Deception, Defiance Campaign, Denial-of-service attack, Deterrence (legal), ..., Dilemma action, Direct action, Diversity of tactics, Dorothy Day, Draft evasion, East Germany, Egyptian revolution of 1919, Electronic civil disobedience, Emmeline Pankhurst, Examples of civil disobedience, False evidence, FCC v. Pacifica Foundation, Ferenc Deák, Fugitive slave laws, Fully Informed Jury Association, Gay Activists Alliance, Gay Liberation Front, George Carlin, Gestapo, Gloria Richardson, Government, Government of Austria, Greenpeace, Hacktivism, Harvey Wheeler, Head of government, Heckler, Henry David Thoreau, Homosexuality, Howard Zinn, Hungarians, Hunt sabotage, Incapacitation (penology), Indian independence movement, Insubordination, Intention (criminal law), International organization, Internet leak, Jail solidarity, James Bevel, James Forman, Jan Lokpal Bill, Jews, John Brown (abolitionist), John Chase Lord, Julia Butterfly Hill, Jury nullification, Jury trial, Juvenile delinquency, Law, Le Chambon-sur-Lignon, Lebanon, New Hampshire, Lech Wałęsa, Legality of the Vietnam War, Lennie Hoffmann, Baron Hoffmann, Letter from Birmingham Jail, Luna (tree), Mahatma Gandhi, Malicious compliance, Martin Luther King Jr., Mass arrest, Mass incidents in China, Medical cannabis, Mexican–American War, Minority rights, Modern history, Montgomery bus boycott, Motive (law), Natural and legal rights, Necessity (criminal law), Neoconservatism, Nimr al-Nimr, Nolo contendere, Nonconformist, Nonviolence, Nonviolent resistance, Nuclear power, Nudity and protest, Oedipus, Orange Revolution, Otpor!, Parody, Percy Bysshe Shelley, Perjury, Peterloo Massacre, Philip Berrigan, Plea, Plea bargain, Plowshares movement, Political defense, Political question, Polynices, Private university, Protest, Puah, Public nudity, Public policy, Punishment, Pure speech, Racial discrimination, Resisting arrest, Retributive justice, Revolution, Righteous Among the Nations, Robbery, Roman Empire, Ronald Dworkin, Rosa Parks, Rose Revolution, Saad Zaghloul, Samuel Colcord Bartlett, Satyagraha, Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant, Semantics, Separation of powers, Sequoia sempervirens, Seven dirty words, Shadow defense, Shiphrah, Singing Revolution, Sit-in, Slavery, Social actions, Social contract, Solidarity, Sophocles, Sousveillance, South Africa, Southern Christian Leadership Conference, Sovereignty, Soviet Union, Sparf v. United States, Spiro Agnew, Steven Barkan, Stokely Carmichael, Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee, Students for a Democratic Society, Students for a Democratic Society (2006 organization), Surveillance, Tax resistance, Technical defense, Temple Beth Israel (Port Washington, New York), Temple in Jerusalem, Test case, The Camden 28, The Masque of Anarchy, Thebes, Greece, Threatening government officials of the United States, Tim DeChristopher, Today's Zaman, Trade union, Tree sitting, Trident Ploughshares, Tyrannicide, United States, United States Constitution, United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit, United States Declaration of Independence, United States v. Dougherty, United States v. Schoon, URL redirection, User revolt, Utilitarianism, Václav Havel, Velvet Revolution, Vice President of the United States, Victimless crime, Vietnam War, Vincent Cespedes, Virtual sit-in, Wafd Party, Waihopai Station, Watts v. Indiana, WBAI, Website defacement, White Rose, Women's Social and Political Union. Expand index (177 more) »

Abalone Alliance

The Abalone Alliance (1977–1985) was a nonviolent civil disobedience group formed to shut down the Pacific Gas and Electric Company's Diablo Canyon Power Plant near San Luis Obispo on the central California coast in the United States.

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ACT UP

AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power (ACT UP) is an international direct action advocacy group working to impact the lives of people with AIDS (PWAs) and the AIDS pandemic to bring about legislation, medical research and treatment and policies to ultimately bring an end to the disease by mitigating loss of health and lives.

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Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.

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Al-Azhar University

Al-Azhar University (1,, "the (honorable) Azhar University") is a university in Cairo, Egypt.

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Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (commonly shortened to Alice in Wonderland) is an 1865 novel written by English author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson under the pseudonym Lewis Carroll.

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Allocution

An allocution, or allocutus, is a formal statement made to the court by the defendant who has been found guilty prior to being sentenced.

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Anna Hazare

Kisan Baburao Hazare (born 15 June 1937), popularly known as Anna Hazare, is an Indian social activist who led movements to promote rural development, increase government transparency, and investigate and punish corruption in public life.

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Anti-war movement

An anti-war movement (also antiwar) is a social movement, usually in opposition to a particular nation's decision to start or carry on an armed conflict, unconditional of a maybe-existing just cause.

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Antigone

In Greek mythology, Antigone (Ἀντιγόνη) is the daughter of Oedipus and his mother Jocasta.

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Antigone (Sophocles play)

Antigone (Ἀντιγόνη) is a tragedy by Sophocles written in or before 441 BC.

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Apartheid

Apartheid started in 1948 in theUnion of South Africa |year_start.

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Arson

Arson is a crime of intentionally, deliberately and maliciously setting fire to buildings, wildland areas, abandoned homes, vehicles or other property with the intent to cause damage or enjoy the act.

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Ashton Nichols

Ashton Nichols is the current Walter E. Beach ’56 Distinguished Chair in Sustainable Studies and Professor of English Language and Literature at Dickinson College.

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Assaulting, kidnapping, and assassinating the government officials of the United States

Assaulting, kidnapping, and assassinating the government officials of the United States, their families, and foreign dignitaries and official guests, is a crime under various statutes, including (Assaulting, resisting, or impeding certain officers or employees), (Protection of foreign officials, official guests, and internationally protected persons), (Influencing, impeding, or retaliating against a Federal official by threatening or injuring a family member), (Congressional, Cabinet, and Supreme Court assassination, kidnapping, and assault), and (Presidential and Presidential staff assassination, kidnapping, and assault).

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Étienne de La Boétie

Étienne or Estienne de La Boétie (or in local occitan Périgord dialect; 1 November 1530 – 18 August 1563) was a French judge, writer and "a founder of modern political philosophy in France".

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Bail

Bail is a set of restrictions that are imposed on a suspect while awaiting trial, to ensure they comply with the judicial process.

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Baltic states

The Baltic states, also known as the Baltic countries, Baltic republics, Baltic nations or simply the Baltics (Balti riigid, Baltimaad, Baltijas valstis, Baltijos valstybės), is a geopolitical term used for grouping the three sovereign countries in Northern Europe on the eastern coast of the Baltic Sea: Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania.

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Bank

A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates credit.

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Benjamin Spock

Benjamin McLane Spock (May 2, 1903 – March 15, 1998) was an American pediatrician whose book Baby and Child Care (1946) is one of the best-sellers of all time.

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Birmingham campaign

The Birmingham campaign, or Birmingham movement, was a movement organized in early 1963 by the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) to bring attention to the integration efforts of African Americans in Birmingham, Alabama.

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Black's Law Dictionary

Black's Law is the most widely used law dictionary in the United States.

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Book of Exodus

The Book of Exodus or, simply, Exodus (from ἔξοδος, éxodos, meaning "going out"; וְאֵלֶּה שְׁמוֹת, we'elleh shəmōṯ, "These are the names", the beginning words of the text: "These are the names of the sons of Israel" וְאֵלֶּה שְׁמֹות בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל), is the second book of the Torah and the Hebrew Bible (the Old Testament) immediately following Genesis.

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Boycott

A boycott is an act of voluntary and intentional abstention from using, buying, or dealing with a person, organization, or country as an expression of protest, usually for moral, social, political, or environmental reasons.

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British Empire

The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.

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British Raj

The British Raj (from rāj, literally, "rule" in Hindustani) was the rule by the British Crown in the Indian subcontinent between 1858 and 1947.

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Cannabis (drug)

Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the ''Cannabis'' plant intended for medical or recreational use.

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Chicago Seven

The Chicago Seven (originally Chicago Eight, also Conspiracy Eight/Conspiracy Seven) were seven defendants—Abbie Hoffman, Jerry Rubin, David Dellinger, Tom Hayden, Rennie Davis, John Froines, and Lee Weiner—charged by the federal government with conspiracy, inciting to riot, and other charges related to anti-Vietnam War and countercultural protests that took place in Chicago, Illinois, on the occasion of the 1968 Democratic National Convention.

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Citizenship

Citizenship is the status of a person recognized under the custom or law as being a legal member of a sovereign state or belonging to a nation.

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Civil Disobedience (Thoreau)

Resistance to Civil Government (Civil Disobedience) is an essay by American transcendentalist Henry David Thoreau that was first published in 1849.

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Civil disorder

Civil disorder, also known as civil disturbance or civil unrest, is an activity arising from a mass act of civil disobedience (such as a demonstration, riot, or strike) in which the participants become hostile toward authority, and authorities incur difficulties in maintaining public safety and order, over the disorderly crowd.

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Civil resistance

Civil resistance is political action that relies on the use of nonviolent resistance by civil groups to challenge a particular power, force, policy or regime.

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Civil rights movement

The civil rights movement (also known as the African-American civil rights movement, American civil rights movement and other terms) was a decades-long movement with the goal of securing legal rights for African Americans that other Americans already held.

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Clamshell Alliance

The Clamshell Alliance is an anti-nuclear organization co-founded by Paul Gunter, Howie Hawkins, Howard Morland, Harvey Wasserman, Guy Chichester, Robert "Renny" Cushing, Jeff Brummer, Anna Gyorgy, Kristie Conrad, Kate Walker, Robin Read, and other activists in 1976.

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Committee of 100 (United Kingdom)

The Committee of 100 was a British anti-war group.

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Communism

In political and social sciences, communism (from Latin communis, "common, universal") is the philosophical, social, political, and economic ideology and movement whose ultimate goal is the establishment of the communist society, which is a socioeconomic order structured upon the common ownership of the means of production and the absence of social classes, money and the state.

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Competing harms

Competing harms is a legal doctrine in certain U.S. states, particularly in New England.

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Computer trespass

Computer trespass is a computer crime in Kansas, North Carolina, New York, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Rhode Island, Tennessee, Virginia, and Washington.

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Conscientious objector

A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of thought, conscience, or religion.

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Consent search

Consent searches are searches made by law enforcement personnel in the United States based on the consent of the individual whose person or property is being searched.

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Constitutional crisis

In political science, a constitutional crisis is a problem or conflict in the function of a government that the political constitution or other fundamental governing law is perceived to be unable to resolve.

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Constitutionality

Constitutionality is the condition of acting in accordance with an applicable constitution; the status of a law, a procedure, or an act's accordance with the laws or guidelines set forth in the applicable constitution.

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Creon

Creon (Κρέων, Kreōn) is a figure in Greek mythology best known as the ruler of Thebes in the legend of Oedipus.

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Crime control

Crime control refers to methods taken to reduce crime in a society.

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Czechoslovakia

Czechoslovakia, or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko), was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the:Czech Republic and:Slovakia on 1 January 1993.

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Dalai Lama

Dalai Lama (Standard Tibetan: ཏཱ་ལའི་བླ་མ་, Tā la'i bla ma) is a title given to spiritual leaders of the Tibetan people.

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Daniel Berrigan

Daniel Joseph Berrigan (May 9, 1921April 30, 2016) was an American Jesuit priest, anti-war activist, and poet.

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Deception

Deception is the act of propagating a belief that is not true, or is not the whole truth (as in half-truths or omission).

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Defiance Campaign

The Defiance Campaign against Unjust Laws was presented by the African National Congress (ANC) at a conference held in Bloemfontein, South Africa in December 1951.

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Denial-of-service attack

In computing, a denial-of-service attack (DoS attack) is a cyber-attack in which the perpetrator seeks to make a machine or network resource unavailable to its intended users by temporarily or indefinitely disrupting services of a host connected to the Internet.

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Deterrence (legal)

Deterrence is the use of punishment as a threat which is considered as a means to prevent people from offending or to reduce the probability and/or level of offending.

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Dilemma action

A dilemma action is a type of non-violent civil disobedience designed to create a "response dilemma" or "lose-lose"situation for public authorities "by forcing them to either concede some public space to protesters or make themselves look absurd or heavy-handed by acting against the protest."Laura Moth, Today's Zaman, 19 June 2013, The Serbian-based NGO Centre for Applied Nonviolent Action and Strategies has extensively used the technique in its trainings to nonviolent civil resistors.

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Direct action

Direct action occurs when a group takes an action which is intended to reveal an existing problem, highlight an alternative, or demonstrate a possible solution to a social issue.

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Diversity of tactics

Diversity of tactics is a phenomenon wherein a social movement makes periodic use of force for disruptive or defensive purposes, stepping beyond the limits of nonviolence, but also stopping short of total militarization.

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Dorothy Day

Dorothy Day (November 8, 1897 – November 29, 1980) was an American journalist, social activist, and Catholic convert.

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Draft evasion

Draft evasion is any successful attempt to elude a government-imposed obligation to serve in the military forces of one's nation.

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East Germany

East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR), existed from 1949 to 1990 and covers the period when the eastern portion of Germany existed as a state that was part of the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War period.

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Egyptian revolution of 1919

The Egyptian revolution of 1919 was a countrywide revolution against the British occupation of Egypt and Sudan.

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Electronic civil disobedience

Electronic civil disobedience (also known as ECD, cyber civil disobedience or cyber disobedience), can refer to any type of civil disobedience in which the participants use information technology to carry out their actions.

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Emmeline Pankhurst

Emmeline Pankhurst (née Goulden; 15 July 1858 – 14 June 1928) was a British political activist and leader of the British suffragette movement who helped women win the right to vote.

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Examples of civil disobedience

The following are examples of civil disobedience from around the world.

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False evidence

False evidence, fabricated evidence, forged evidence or tainted evidence is information created or obtained illegally, to sway the verdict in a court case.

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FCC v. Pacifica Foundation

Federal Communications Commission v. Pacifica Foundation, is a landmark United States Supreme Court decision that defined the power of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) over indecent material as applied to broadcasting.

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Ferenc Deák

Ferenc Deák de Kehida (archaically English: Francis Deak, Franjo Deák; 17 October 180328 January 1876) was a Hungarian statesman and Minister of Justice.

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Fugitive slave laws

The fugitive slave laws were laws passed by the United States Congress in 1793 and 1850 to provide for the return of slaves who escaped from one state into another state or territory.

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Fully Informed Jury Association

The Fully Informed Jury Association (FIJA) is a United States national jury education organization, incorporated in the state of Montana as a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.

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Gay Activists Alliance

The Gay Activists Alliance (GAA) was founded in New York City on December 21, 1969, almost six months after the Stonewall riots, by dissident members of the Gay Liberation Front (GLF).

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Gay Liberation Front

The Gay Liberation Front (GLF) was the name of a number of gay liberation groups, the first of which was formed in New York City in 1969, immediately after the Stonewall riots, in which police clashed with gay demonstrators.

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George Carlin

George Denis Patrick Carlin (May 12, 1937 – June 22, 2008) was an American stand-up comedian, actor, author, and social critic.

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Gestapo

The Gestapo, abbreviation of Geheime Staatspolizei (Secret State Police), was the official secret police of Nazi Germany and German-occupied Europe.

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Gloria Richardson

Gloria Richardson Dandridge (born Gloria St. Clair Hayes, May 6, 1922) is best known as the leader of the Cambridge movement, a civil rights struggle in Cambridge, Maryland in the early 1960s.

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Government

A government is the system or group of people governing an organized community, often a state.

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Government of Austria

The Austrian Federal Government (Österreichische Bundesregierung) is a collective body that exercises supreme executive power in the Republic of Austria.

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Greenpeace

Greenpeace is a non-governmental environmental organization with offices in over 39 countries and with an international coordinating body in Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

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Hacktivism

In Internet activism, hacktivism or hactivism (a portmanteau of hack and activism) is the subversive use of computers and computer networks to promote a political agenda or a social change.

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Harvey Wheeler

John Harvey Wheeler (October 17, 1918 – September 6, 2004) was an American author, political scientist, and scholar.

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Head of government

A head of government (or chief of government) is a generic term used for either the highest or second highest official in the executive branch of a sovereign state, a federated state, or a self-governing colony, (commonly referred to as countries, nations or nation-states) who often presides over a cabinet, a group of ministers or secretaries who lead executive departments.

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Heckler

A heckler is a person who harasses and tries to disconcert others with questions, challenges, or gibes.

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Henry David Thoreau

Henry David Thoreau (see name pronunciation; July 12, 1817 – May 6, 1862) was an American essayist, poet, philosopher, abolitionist, naturalist, tax resister, development critic, surveyor, and historian.

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Homosexuality

Homosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender.

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Howard Zinn

Howard Zinn (August 24, 1922January 27, 2010) was an American historian, playwright, and social activist.

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Hungarians

Hungarians, also known as Magyars (magyarok), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary (Magyarország) and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history and speak the Hungarian language.

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Hunt sabotage

Hunt sabotage is the direct action that animal rights or animal welfare activists undertake to interfere with hunting activity.

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Incapacitation (penology)

Incapacitation in the context of criminal sentencing philosophy is the effect of a sentence in positively preventing (rather than merely deterring) future offending.

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Indian independence movement

The Indian independence movement encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule (1757–1857) and the British Indian Empire (1857–1947) in the Indian subcontinent.

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Insubordination

Insubordination is the act of willfully disobeying an order of one's superior.

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Intention (criminal law)

In criminal law, intent is one of three general classes of mens rea necessary to constitute a conventional, as opposed to strict liability, crime.

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International organization

An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence.

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Internet leak

An Internet leak occurs when a party's confidential information is released to the public on the Internet.

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Jail solidarity

Jail solidarity is unity of purpose of those incarcerated or imprisoned.

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James Bevel

James Luther Bevel (October 19, 1936 – December 19, 2008) was a minister and leader of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States.

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James Forman

James Forman (October 4, 1928 – January 10, 2005) was a prominent African-American leader in the civil rights movement.

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Jan Lokpal Bill

The Jan Lokpal Bill, also referred to as the Citizen's Ombudsman Bill, is an anti-corruption bill drawn up by civil society activists in India seeking the appointment of a Jan Lokpal, an independent body to investigate corruption cases.

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Jews

Jews (יְהוּדִים ISO 259-3, Israeli pronunciation) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation, originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of the Ancient Near East.

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John Brown (abolitionist)

John Brown (May 9, 1800 – December 2, 1859) was an American abolitionist who believed in and advocated armed insurrection as the only way to overthrow the institution of slavery in the United States.

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John Chase Lord

John Chase Lord, DD, AM (9 August 1805 – 21 January 1877) was an American Presbyterian minister, lawyer, writer, and poet well known for his involvement in the nativist and anti-Catholic movements in Upstate New York during the mid-1800s.

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Julia Butterfly Hill

Julia Lorraine Hill (known as Julia "Butterfly" Hill, born February 18, 1974) is an American environmental activist and tax redirection advocate.

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Jury nullification

Jury nullification is a concept where members of a trial jury find a defendant not guilty if they do not support a government's law, do not believe it is constitutional or humane, or do not support a possible punishment for breaking the law.

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Jury trial

A jury trial, or trial by jury, is a lawful proceeding in which a jury makes a decision or findings of fact.

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Juvenile delinquency

Juvenile delinquency, also known as "juvenile offending", is participation in illegal behavior by minors (juveniles, i.e. individuals younger than the statutory age of majority).

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Law

Law is a system of rules that are created and enforced through social or governmental institutions to regulate behavior.

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Le Chambon-sur-Lignon

Le Chambon-sur-Lignon (Auvergnat: Lo Chambon) is a commune in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France.

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Lebanon, New Hampshire

Lebanon is a city in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States.

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Lech Wałęsa

Lech Wałęsa (born 29 September 1943) is a retired Polish politician and labour activist.

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Legality of the Vietnam War

The legality of the Vietnam War refers to the lawfulness of the 1965-1975 U.S. military activity that occurred in Vietnam.

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Lennie Hoffmann, Baron Hoffmann

Leonard Hubert "Lennie" Hoffmann, Baron Hoffmann PC GBS (born 8 May 1934) is a retired senior South African-British judge.

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Letter from Birmingham Jail

The Letter from Birmingham Jail, also known as the Letter from Birmingham City Jail and The Negro Is Your Brother, is an open letter written on April 16, 1963, by Martin Luther King Jr. The letter defends the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism.

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Luna (tree)

Luna is the American name given in October 1997 to a 1,000-year-old, 200 foot tall coast redwood tree located near the community of Stafford in Humboldt County, California which was occupied for 738 days by forest activist Julia Butterfly Hill and saved by an agreement between Hill and the Pacific Lumber Company.

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Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule.

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Malicious compliance

Malicious compliance is the behaviour of intentionally inflicting harm by strictly following the orders of a superior knowing that compliance with the orders will not have the intended result.

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Martin Luther King Jr.

Martin Luther King Jr. (January 15, 1929 – April 4, 1968) was an American Baptist minister and activist who became the most visible spokesperson and leader in the civil rights movement from 1954 until his death in 1968.

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Mass arrest

A mass arrest occurs when police apprehend large numbers of suspects at once.

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Mass incidents in China

Large-scale incidents of civil disobedience in the People's Republic of China are described by the Chinese government as "mass incidents" or "mass frustration".

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Medical cannabis

Medical cannabis, or medical marijuana, is cannabis and cannabinoids that are recommended by doctors for their patients.

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Mexican–American War

The Mexican–American War, also known as the Mexican War in the United States and in Mexico as the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Mexico) from 1846 to 1848.

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Minority rights

Minority rights are the normal individual rights as applied to members of racial, ethnic, class, religious, linguistic or gender and sexual minorities; and also the collective rights accorded to minority groups.

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Modern history

Modern history, the modern period or the modern era, is the linear, global, historiographical approach to the time frame after post-classical history.

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Montgomery bus boycott

The Montgomery Bus Boycott was a political and social protest campaign against the policy of racial segregation on the public transit system of Montgomery, Alabama.

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Motive (law)

A motive, in law, especially criminal law, is the cause that moves people to induce a certain action.

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Natural and legal rights

Natural and legal rights are two types of rights.

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Necessity (criminal law)

In the criminal law of many nations, necessity may be either a possible justification or an exculpation for breaking the law.

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Neoconservatism

Neoconservatism (commonly shortened to neocon when labelling its adherents) is a political movement born in the United States during the 1960s among liberal hawks who became disenchanted with the increasingly pacifist foreign policy of the Democratic Party, and the growing New Left and counterculture, in particular the Vietnam protests.

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Nimr al-Nimr

Nimr Baqir al-Nimr (نمر باقر النمر, translit. Nimr Bāqir an-Nimr; 21 June 1959 – 2 January 2016; also Romanized Bakir al-Nimr, al-Nemr, al-Namr, al-Nimer, al-Nemer, al-Namer), commonly referred to as Sheikh Nimr, was a Shia Sheikh in al-Awamiyah in Saudi Arabia's Eastern Province whose arbitrary arrest and execution was widely condemned, including by governments and human rights organizations.

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Nolo contendere

Nolo contendere is a legal term that comes from the Latin phrase for "I do not wish to contend" and it is also referred to as a plea of no contest.

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Nonconformist

In English church history, a nonconformist was a Protestant who did not "conform" to the governance and usages of the established Church of England.

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Nonviolence

Nonviolence is the personal practice of being harmless to self and others under every condition.

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Nonviolent resistance

Nonviolent resistance (NVR or nonviolent action) is the practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, while being nonviolent.

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Nuclear power

Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.

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Nudity and protest

Nudity is sometimes used as a tactic during a protest to attract public attention to a cause, and sometimes promotion of public nudity is itself the objective of a nude protest.

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Oedipus

Oedipus (Οἰδίπους Oidípous meaning "swollen foot") was a mythical Greek king of Thebes.

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Orange Revolution

The Orange Revolution (Помаранчева революція, Pomarancheva revolyutsiya) was a series of protests and political events that took place in Ukraine from late November 2004 to January 2005, in the immediate aftermath of the run-off vote of the 2004 Ukrainian presidential election, which was claimed to be marred by massive corruption, voter intimidation and direct electoral fraud.

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Otpor!

Otpor! (Отпор!, Resistance!) was a political organization in Serbia (then part of FR Yugoslavia) from 1998 until 2004.

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Parody

A parody (also called a spoof, send-up, take-off, lampoon, play on something, caricature, or joke) is a work created to imitate, make fun of, or comment on an original work—its subject, author, style, or some other target—by means of satiric or ironic imitation.

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Percy Bysshe Shelley

Percy Bysshe Shelley (4 August 17928 July 1822) was one of the major English Romantic poets, and is regarded by some as among the finest lyric and philosophical poets in the English language, and one of the most influential.

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Perjury

Perjury is the intentional act of swearing a false oath or falsifying an affirmation to tell the truth, whether spoken or in writing, concerning matters a generation material to an official proceeding.

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Peterloo Massacre

The Peterloo Massacre occurred at St Peter's Field, Manchester, England, on 16 August 1819, when cavalry charged into a crowd of 60,000–80,000 who had gathered to demand the reform of parliamentary representation.

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Philip Berrigan

Philip Francis Berrigan (October 5, 1923 – December 6, 2002) was an American peace activist and Roman Catholic priest.

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Plea

In legal terms, a plea is simply an answer to a claim made by someone in a criminal case under common law using the adversarial system.

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Plea bargain

The plea bargain (also plea agreement, plea deal, copping a plea, or plea in mitigation) is any agreement in a criminal case between the prosecutor and defendant whereby the defendant agrees to plead guilty to a particular charge in return for some concession from the prosecutor.

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Plowshares movement

The Plowshares movement is an anti-nuclear weapons and Christian pacifist movement that advocates active resistance to war.

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Political defense

A political defense is a defense to a criminal charge in which the defendant asserts at trial the political motivations behind the allegedly criminal conduct.

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Political question

In American Constitutional law, the political question doctrine is closely linked to the concept of justiciability, as it comes down to a question of whether or not the court system is an appropriate forum in which to hear the case.

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Polynices

In Greek mythology, Polynices (Greek: Πολυνείκης, Polyneíkes - "manifold strife") was the son of Oedipus and Jocasta and the younger brother of Eteocles.

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Private university

Private universities are typically not operated by governments, although many receive tax breaks, public student loans, and grants.

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Protest

A protest (also called a remonstrance, remonstration or demonstration) is an expression of bearing witness on behalf of an express cause by words or actions with regard to particular events, policies or situations.

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Puah

Puah (etymology uncertain) is a name given to two persons in the Bible.

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Public nudity

Public nudity refers to nudity not in an entirely private context, that is, a person appearing nude in a public place or being able to be seen nude from a public place.

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Public policy

Public policy is the principled guide to action taken by the administrative executive branches of the state with regard to a class of issues, in a manner consistent with law and institutional customs.

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Punishment

A punishment is the imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, meted out by an authority—in contexts ranging from child discipline to criminal law—as a response and deterrent to a particular action or behaviour that is deemed undesirable or unacceptable.

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Pure speech

Pure speech in United States law is the communication of ideas through spoken or written words or through conduct limited in form to that necessary to convey the idea.

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Racial discrimination

Racial discrimination refers to discrimination against individuals on the basis of their race.

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Resisting arrest

In some countries, resisting arrest is a criminal charge against an individual who has committed, depending on the jurisdiction, at least one of the following acts.

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Retributive justice

Retributive justice is a theory of justice that holds that the best response to a crime is a punishment proportional to the offense, inflicted because the offender deserves the punishment.

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Revolution

In political science, a revolution (Latin: revolutio, "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolt against the government, typically due to perceived oppression (political, social, economic).

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Righteous Among the Nations

Righteous Among the Nations (חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם, khasidei umót ha'olám "righteous (plural) of the world's nations") is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe non-Jews who risked their lives during the Holocaust to save Jews from extermination by the Nazis.

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Robbery

Robbery is the crime of taking or attempting to take anything of value by force, threat of force, or by putting the victim in fear.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.

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Ronald Dworkin

Ronald Myles Dworkin, FBA (December 11, 1931 – February 14, 2013) was an American philosopher, jurist, and scholar of United States constitutional law.

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Rosa Parks

Rosa Louise McCauley Parks (February 4, 1913 – October 24, 2005) was an activist in the civil rights movement best known for her pivotal role in the Montgomery Bus Boycott.

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Rose Revolution

The Revolution of Roses, often translated into English as the Rose Revolution (ვარდების რევოლუცია vardebis revolutsia), describes a pro-Western peaceful change of power in Georgia in November 2003.

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Saad Zaghloul

Saad Zaghloul (سعد زغلول; also: Saad Zaghlûl, Sa'd Zaghloul Pasha ibn Ibrahim) (July 1859 – 23 August 1927) was an Egyptian revolutionary and statesman.

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Samuel Colcord Bartlett

The Rev.

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Satyagraha

Satyagraha सत्याग्रह; satya: "truth", graha: "insistence" or "holding firmly to") or holding onto truth or truth force – is a particular form of nonviolent resistance or civil resistance. The term satyagraha was coined and developed by Mahatma Gandhi (1869–1948). He deployed satyagraha in the Indian independence movement and also during his earlier struggles in South Africa for Indian rights. Satyagraha theory influenced Martin Luther King Jr.'s and James Bevel's campaigns during the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, and many other social justice and similar movements. Someone who practices satyagraha is a satyagrahi.

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Seabrook Station Nuclear Power Plant

The Seabrook Nuclear Power Plant, more commonly known as Seabrook Station, is a nuclear power plant located in Seabrook, New Hampshire, United States, approximately north of Boston and south of Portsmouth.

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Semantics

Semantics (from σημαντικός sēmantikós, "significant") is the linguistic and philosophical study of meaning, in language, programming languages, formal logics, and semiotics.

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Separation of powers

The separation of powers is a model for the governance of a state.

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Sequoia sempervirens

Sequoia sempervirens Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607 is the sole living species of the genus Sequoia in the cypress family Cupressaceae (formerly treated in Taxodiaceae).

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Seven dirty words

The seven dirty words are seven English-language words that American comedian George Carlin first listed in 1972 in his monologue "Seven Words You Can Never Say on Television".

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Shadow defense

A shadow defense is a legal defense that cannot be sustained on its own merits but opens the door to introducing evidence that will assist in seeking jury nullification, and gives the jury an excuse to acquit.

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Shiphrah

Shiphrah (שִׁפְרָה) was one of two midwives who helped prevent a genocide of Hebrew children by the Egyptians, according to Exodus 1:15-21.

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Singing Revolution

The Singing Revolution is a commonly used name for events between 1987 and 1991 that led to the restoration of the independence of Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.

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Sit-in

A sit-in or sit-down is a form of direct action that involves one or more people occupying an area for a protest, often to promote political, social, or economic change.

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Slavery

Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a de jure form of property.

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Social actions

In sociology, social action, also known as "Weberian social action", refers to an act which takes into account the actions and reactions of individuals (or 'agents').

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Social contract

In both moral and political philosophy, the social contract is a theory or model that originated during the Age of Enlightenment.

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Solidarity

Solidarity is unity (as of a group or class) which produces or is based on unities of interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies.

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Sophocles

Sophocles (Σοφοκλῆς, Sophoklēs,; 497/6 – winter 406/5 BC)Sommerstein (2002), p. 41.

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Sousveillance

Sousveillance is the recording of an activity by a participant in the activity, typically by way of small wearable or portable personal technologies.

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South Africa

South Africa, officially the Republic of South Africa (RSA), is the southernmost country in Africa.

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Southern Christian Leadership Conference

The Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC) is an African-American civil rights organization.

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Sovereignty

Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies.

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Soviet Union

The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.

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Sparf v. United States

Sparf v. United States, 156 U.S. 51 (1895), or Sparf and Hansen v. United States,.

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Spiro Agnew

Spiro Theodore "Ted" Agnew (November 9, 1918 – September 17, 1996) was the 39th Vice President of the United States, serving from 1969 to his resignation in 1973.

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Steven Barkan

Steven Barkan (born 1951), an American sociologist, is Professor and chairperson of the Sociology department at the University of Maine.

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Stokely Carmichael

Kwame Ture (born Stokely Carmichael, June 29, 1941November 15, 1998) was a Trinidadian-born prominent organizer in the Civil Rights Movement in the United States and the global Pan-African movement.

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Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee

The Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC, often pronounced) was one of the major Civil Rights Movement organizations of the 1960s.

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Students for a Democratic Society

Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) was a student activist movement in the United States that was one of the main representations of the New Left.

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Students for a Democratic Society (2006 organization)

New Students for a Democratic Society (SDS) is a United States student organization representing left wing ideals.

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Surveillance

Surveillance is the monitoring of behavior, activities, or other changing information for the purpose of influencing, managing, directing, or protecting people.

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Tax resistance

Tax resistance is the refusal to pay tax because of opposition to the government that is imposing the tax, or to government policy, or as opposition to taxation in itself.

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Technical defense

A technical defense is one used by a defendant to seek acquittal based on the technicalities of the law.

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Temple Beth Israel (Port Washington, New York)

Temple Beth Israel (בית ישראל) is a Conservative synagogue located on Temple Drive in Port Washington, New York.

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Temple in Jerusalem

The Temple in Jerusalem was any of a series of structures which were located on the Temple Mount in the Old City of Jerusalem, the current site of the Dome of the Rock and Al-Aqsa Mosque.

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Test case

A test case is a specification of the inputs, execution conditions, testing procedure, and expected results that define a single test to be executed to achieve a particular software testing objective, such as to exercise a particular program path or to verify compliance with a specific requirement.

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The Camden 28

The Camden 28 were a group of "Catholic left" anti-Vietnam War activists who in 1971 planned and executed a raid on a Camden, New Jersey draft board.

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The Masque of Anarchy

"The Masque of Anarchy" (or "The Mask of Anarchy") is a British political poem written in 1819 (see 1819 in poetry) by Percy Bysshe Shelley following the Peterloo massacre of that year.

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Thebes, Greece

Thebes (Θῆβαι, Thēbai,;. Θήβα, Thíva) is a city in Boeotia, central Greece.

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Threatening government officials of the United States

Threatening government officials of the United States is a felony under federal law.

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Tim DeChristopher

Timothy Mansfield DeChristopher is an American climate activist and co-founder of the environmental group Peaceful Uprising.

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Today's Zaman

Today's Zaman (Zaman is Turkish for 'time' or 'age') was an English-language daily newspaper based in Turkey.

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Trade union

A trade union or trades union, also called a labour union (Canada) or labor union (US), is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals; such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits (such as vacation, health care, and retirement), and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers.

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Tree sitting

Tree sitting is a form of environmentalist civil disobedience in which a protester sits in a tree, usually on a small platform built for the purpose, to protect it from being cut down (speculating that loggers will not endanger human lives by cutting an occupied tree).

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Trident Ploughshares

Trident Ploughshares (originally named Trident Ploughshares 2000) is an activist anti-nuclear weapons group, founded in 1998 with the aim of "beating swords into ploughshares" (taken from the Book of Isaiah).

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Tyrannicide

Tyrannicide is the killing or assassination of a tyrant or unjust ruler, usually for the common good, and usually by one of the tyrant's subjects.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Constitution

The United States Constitution is the supreme law of the United States.

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United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit

The United States Court of Appeals for the First Circuit (in case citations, 1st Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts.

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United States Declaration of Independence

The United States Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House (now known as Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776.

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United States v. Dougherty

United States v. Dougherty, 473 F.2d 1113 (D.C. Cir. 1972) was a 1972 decision by the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia in which the court ruled that members of the D.C. Nine, who had broken into Dow Chemical Company, vandalized office furniture and equipment, and spilled about a bloodlike substance, were not entitled to a new trial on the basis of the judge's failing to allow a jury nullification jury instruction.

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United States v. Schoon

United States v. Schoon, 939 F.2d 826 (1991), was a case decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit.

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URL redirection

URL redirection, also called URL forwarding, is a World Wide Web technique for making a web page available under more than one URL address.

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User revolt

A user revolt is a social conflict in which users of a website collectively and openly protest a website host's or administrator's instructions for using the website.

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Utilitarianism

Utilitarianism is an ethical theory that states that the best action is the one that maximizes utility.

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Václav Havel

Václav Havel (5 October 193618 December 2011) was a Czech statesman, writer and former dissident, who served as the last President of Czechoslovakia from 1989 until the dissolution of Czechoslovakia in 1992 and then as the first President of the Czech Republic from 1993 to 2003.

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Velvet Revolution

The Velvet Revolution (sametová revoluce) or Gentle Revolution (nežná revolúcia) was a non-violent transition of power in what was then Czechoslovakia, occurring from 17 November to 29 December 1989.

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Vice President of the United States

The Vice President of the United States (informally referred to as VPOTUS, or Veep) is a constitutional officer in the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States as the President of the Senate under Article I, Section 3, Clause 4, of the United States Constitution, as well as the second highest executive branch officer, after the President of the United States.

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Victimless crime

A victimless crime is an illegal act that typically either directly involves only the perpetrator or occurs between consenting adults; because it is consensual in nature, there is arguably no true victim.

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Vietnam War

The Vietnam War (Chiến tranh Việt Nam), also known as the Second Indochina War, and in Vietnam as the Resistance War Against America (Kháng chiến chống Mỹ) or simply the American War, was a conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975.

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Vincent Cespedes

Vincent Cespedes (born 14 September 1973 in Aubervilliers, Seine-Saint-Denis) is a French philosopher, writer and composer.

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Virtual sit-in

A virtual sit-in is a form of electronic civil disobedience deriving its name from the sit-ins popular during the civil rights movement of the 1960s.

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Wafd Party

The Wafd Party ("Delegation Party"; حزب الوفد, Hizb al-Wafd) was a nationalist liberal political party in Egypt.

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Waihopai Station

The Waihopai Station is a secure communication facility, located near Blenheim, run by New Zealand's Government Communications Security Bureau.

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Watts v. Indiana

Watts v. Indiana,, was a United States Supreme Court case in which Justice Robert Jackson famously opined, "To bring in a lawyer means a real peril to solution of the crime because, under our adversary system, he deems that his sole duty is to protect his client--guilty or innocent--and that, in such a capacity, he owes no duty whatever to help society solve its crime problem.

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WBAI

WBAI (99.5 MHz), is a non-commercial, listener-supported radio station licensed to New York City.

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Website defacement

Website defacement is an attack on a website that changes the visual appearance of the site or a webpage.

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White Rose

The White Rose (die Weiße Rose) was a non-violent, intellectual resistance group in Nazi Germany led by a group of students and a professor at the University of Munich.

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Women's Social and Political Union

The Women's Social and Political Union (WSPU) was a women-only political movement and leading militant organisation campaigning for women's suffrage in the United Kingdom from 1903 to 1917.

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Redirects here:

Civil Disobedience, Civil disobediance, Civil disobedient, Disobedience, Disobeying, Non Cooperation Movement.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Civil_disobedience

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