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111 relations: Abdomen, Acute kidney injury, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, American College of Cardiology, American Heart Association, Anesthesia, Anesthesiologist, Angina, Angioplasty, Anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery, Antihypertensive drug, Aorta, Aortic cross-clamp, Argentines, Arteriosclerosis, Atherosclerosis, Atrial fibrillation, Atrial flutter, Autotransplantation, Blood, Blood sugar level, Calcification, Cannula, Cardiac muscle, Cardiac stress test, Cardiac tamponade, Cardioplegia, Cardiopulmonary bypass, Cardiothoracic surgery, Cardiovascular disease, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Chest tube, Cholesterol, Choosing Wisely, Chronic pain, Chronic stress, Circulatory system, Circumflex branch of left coronary artery, Coronary arteries, Coronary artery disease, Coronary catheterization, Coronary stent, Deep vein thrombosis, Diabetes mellitus, Dressler syndrome, Ejection fraction, Endoscopic vessel harvesting, Etomidate, External support, Fatigue, ..., Fentanyl, Google Ngram Viewer, Great saphenous vein, Heart failure, Hemothorax, Heparin, Hybrid coronary revascularization, Hypoxia (medical), Infection, Intensive care unit, Internal thoracic artery, Intravenous therapy, Isoflurane, Jacobi Medical Center, Keloid, Left coronary artery, Lipid, Malignant hyperthermia, Mechanical ventilation, Median sternotomy, Minimally invasive cardiac surgery, Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery, Myocardial infarction, New York (state), Nonunion, OECD, Off-pump coronary artery bypass, Operating theater, Percutaneous coronary intervention, Perfusionist, Pleural effusion, Pneumothorax, Postperfusion syndrome, Propofol, Protamine, Radial artery, Randomized controlled trial, René Favaloro, Reperfusion therapy, Revascularization, Right coronary artery, Right gastroepiploic artery, Robert H. Goetz, Sepsis, Shock (circulatory), Shortness of breath, Smoking cessation, Statin, Stenosis, Sternum, Stomach, Stroke, Subclavian artery, Surgical suture, Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass surgery, Tracheal tube, United States, Valve, Vasilii Kolesov, Vasoplegic syndrome, Vein graft failure. Expand index (61 more) »
Abdomen
The abdomen (less formally called the belly, stomach, tummy or midriff) constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates.
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Acute kidney injury
Acute kidney injury (AKI), previously called acute renal failure (ARF), is an abrupt loss of kidney function that develops within 7 days.
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Albert Einstein College of Medicine
The Albert Einstein College of Medicine ("Einstein" for short), a joint entity between Montefiore Medical Center and Yeshiva University (until 2018), is a private, not-for-profit, sectarian medical school located in the Morris Park neighborhood of the Bronx in New York City.
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American College of Cardiology
The American College of Cardiology (ACC), based in Washington, D.C., is a nonprofit medical association established in 1949.
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American Heart Association
The American Heart Association (AHA) is a non-profit organization in the United States that fosters appropriate cardiac care in an effort to reduce disability and deaths caused by cardiovascular disease and stroke.
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Anesthesia
In the practice of medicine (especially surgery and dentistry), anesthesia or anaesthesia (from Greek "without sensation") is a state of temporary induced loss of sensation or awareness.
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Anesthesiologist
An anesthesiologist is a physician trained in anesthesia and perioperative medicine.
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Angina
Angina, also known as angina pectoris, is chest pain or pressure, usually due to not enough blood flow to the heart muscle.
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Angioplasty
Angioplasty, also known as balloon angioplasty and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), is a minimally invasive, endovascular procedure to widen narrowed or obstructed arteries or veins, typically to treat arterial atherosclerosis.
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Anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery
The anterior interventricular branch of left coronary artery, (also left anterior descending artery (LAD), or anterior descending branch) is a branch of the left coronary artery.
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Antihypertensive drug
Antihypertensives are a class of drugs that are used to treat hypertension (high blood pressure).
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Aorta
The aorta is the main artery in the human body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and extending down to the abdomen, where it splits into two smaller arteries (the common iliac arteries).
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Aortic cross-clamp
An aortic cross-clamp is a surgical instrument used in cardiac surgery to clamp the aorta and separate the systemic circulation from the outflow of the heart.
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Argentines
Argentines, also known as Argentinians (argentinos; feminine argentinas), are the citizens of the Argentine Republic, or their descendants abroad.
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Arteriosclerosis
Arteriosclerosis is the thickening, hardening and loss of elasticity of the walls of arteries.
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Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a disease in which the inside of an artery narrows due to the build up of plaque.
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Atrial fibrillation
Atrial fibrillation (AF or A-fib) is an abnormal heart rhythm characterized by rapid and irregular beating of the atria.
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Atrial flutter
Atrial flutter (AFL) is a common abnormal heart rhythm that starts in the atrial chambers of the heart.
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Autotransplantation
Autotransplantation is the transplantation of organs, tissues, or even particular proteins from one part of the body to another in the same person (auto- meaning "self" in Greek).
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Blood
Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.
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Blood sugar level
The blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, or blood glucose level is the amount of glucose present in the blood of humans and other animals.
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Calcification
Calcification is the accumulation of calcium salts in a body tissue.
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Cannula
A cannula (from Latin "little reed"; plural cannulae or cannulas) is a tube that can be inserted into the body, often for the delivery or removal of fluid or for the gathering of data.
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Cardiac muscle
Cardiac muscle (heart muscle) is one of the three major types of muscle, the others being skeletal and smooth muscle.
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Cardiac stress test
A cardiac stress test (also referred to as a cardiac diagnostic test, cardiopulmonary exercise test, or abbreviated CPX test) is a cardiological test that measures the heart's ability to respond to external stress in a controlled clinical environment.
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Cardiac tamponade
Cardiac tamponade, also known as pericardial tamponade, is when fluid in the pericardium (the sac around the heart) builds up, resulting in compression of the heart.
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Cardioplegia
Cardioplegia is intentional and temporary cessation of cardiac activity, primarily for cardiac surgery.
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Cardiopulmonary bypass
Cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) is a technique that temporarily takes over the function of the heart and lungs during surgery, maintaining the circulation of blood and the oxygen content of the patient's body.
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Cardiothoracic surgery
Cardiothoracic surgery (also known as thoracic surgery) is the field of medicine involved in surgical treatment of organs inside the thorax (the chest)—generally treatment of conditions of the heart (heart disease) and lungs (lung disease).
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Cardiovascular disease
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.
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Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) is the leading national public health institute of the United States.
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Chest tube
A chest tube (chest drain, thoracic catheter, tube thoracostomy, or intercostal drain) is a flexible plastic tube that is inserted through the chest wall and into the pleural space or mediastinum.
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Cholesterol
Cholesterol (from the Ancient Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), followed by the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol) is an organic molecule.
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Choosing Wisely
Choosing Wisely is a United States-based health educational campaign, led by the American Board of Internal Medicine (ABIM).
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Chronic pain
Chronic pain is pain that lasts a long time.
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Chronic stress
Chronic stress is the response to emotional pressure suffered for a prolonged period of time in which an individual perceives he or she has little or no control.
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Circulatory system
The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.
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Circumflex branch of left coronary artery
The "LCX", or left circumflex artery (or circumflex artery, or circumflex branch of the left coronary artery) is an artery of the heart.
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Coronary arteries
The coronary arteries are the arteries of the coronary circulation that transport blood into and out of the cardiac muscle.
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Coronary artery disease
Coronary artery disease (CAD), also known as ischemic heart disease (IHD), refers to a group of diseases which includes stable angina, unstable angina, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death.
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Coronary catheterization
A coronary catheterization is a minimally invasive procedure to access the coronary circulation and blood filled chambers of the heart using a catheter.
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Coronary stent
A coronary stent is a tube-shaped device placed in the coronary arteries that supply blood to the heart, to keep the arteries open in the treatment of coronary heart disease.
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Deep vein thrombosis
Deep vein thrombosis (DVT), is the formation of a blood clot in a deep vein, most commonly the legs.
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Diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus (DM), commonly referred to as diabetes, is a group of metabolic disorders in which there are high blood sugar levels over a prolonged period.
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Dressler syndrome
Dressler syndrome is a secondary form of pericarditis that occurs in the setting of injury to the heart or the pericardium (the outer lining of the heart).
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Ejection fraction
An ejection fraction (EF) is the volumetric fraction of fluid (usually blood) ejected from a chamber (usually the heart) with each contraction (or heartbeat).
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Endoscopic vessel harvesting
Endoscopic vessel harvesting (EVH) is a surgical technique that may be used in conjunction with coronary artery bypass surgery (commonly called a "bypass").
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Etomidate
Etomidate (USAN, INN, BAN) (marketed as Amidate) is a short-acting intravenous anaesthetic agent used for the induction of general anaesthesia and sedation for short procedures such as reduction of dislocated joints, tracheal intubation, and cardioversion.
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External support
In cardiac surgery and vascular surgery, external support (or external stent) is a type of scaffold made of metal or plastic material that is inserted over the outside of the vein graft in order to decrease the intermediate and late vein graft failure after bypass surgery (e.g. CABG).
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Fatigue
Fatigue is a subjective feeling of tiredness that has a gradual onset.
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Fentanyl
Fentanyl, also spelled fentanil, is an opioid which is used as a pain medication and together with other medications for anesthesia. Fentanyl is also made illegally and used as a recreational drug, often mixed with heroin or cocaine. It has a rapid onset and effects generally last less than an hour or two. Medically, fentanyl is used by injection, as a patch on the skin, as a nasal spray, or in the mouth. Common side effects include vomiting, constipation, sedation, confusion, hallucinations, and injuries related to poor coordination. Serious side effects may include decreased breathing (respiratory depression), serotonin syndrome, low blood pressure, addiction, or coma. In 2016, more than 20,000 deaths occurred in the United States due to overdoses of fentanyl and fentanyl analogues, half of all reported opioid related deaths. Fentanyl works primarily by activating μ-opioid receptors. It is around 100 times stronger than morphine, and some analogues such as carfentanil are around 10,000 times stronger. Fentanyl was first made by Paul Janssen in 1960 and approved for medical use in the United States in 1968.In 2015, were used in healthcare globally., fentanyl was the most widely used synthetic opioid in medicine. Fentanyl patches are on the WHO List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. For a 100 microgram vial, the average wholesale cost in the developing world is 0.66 (2015). and in the USA it costs 0.49 (2017).
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Google Ngram Viewer
The Google Ngram Viewer or Google Books Ngram Viewer is an online search engine that charts the frequencies of any set of comma-delimited search strings using a yearly count of n-grams found in sources printed between 1500 and 2008 in Google's text corpora in English, Chinese (simplified), French, German, Hebrew, Italian, Russian, or Spanish.
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Great saphenous vein
The great saphenous vein (GSV, alternately "long saphenous vein") is a large, subcutaneous, superficial vein of the leg.
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Heart failure
Heart failure (HF), often referred to as congestive heart failure (CHF), is when the heart is unable to pump sufficiently to maintain blood flow to meet the body's needs.
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Hemothorax
A hemothorax is a type of pleural effusion in which blood accumulates in the pleural cavity.
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Heparin
Heparin, also known as unfractionated heparin (UFH), is medication which is used as an anticoagulant (blood thinner).
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Hybrid coronary revascularization
Hybrid coronary revascularization (HCR) or hybrid coronary bypass is a relatively new type of heart surgery that provides an alternative to traditional coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG) or percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI or PTCA) by combining the two into one operation.
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Hypoxia (medical)
Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level.
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Infection
Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
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Intensive care unit
Intensive care unit An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive treatment medicine.
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Internal thoracic artery
In human anatomy, the internal thoracic artery (ITA), previously known as the internal mammary artery (a name still common among surgeons), is an artery that supplies the anterior chest wall and the breasts.
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Intravenous therapy
Intravenous therapy (IV) is a therapy that delivers liquid substances directly into a vein (intra- + ven- + -ous).
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Isoflurane
Isoflurane, sold under the trade name Forane among others, is a general anesthetic.
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Jacobi Medical Center
Jacobi Medical Center (NYC Health + Hospitals/Jacobi) is a municipal hospital operated by NYC Health + Hospitals in affiliation with the Albert Einstein College of Medicine.
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Keloid
Keloid, also known as keloid disorder and keloidal scar, is the formation of a type of scar which, depending on its maturity, is composed mainly of either type III (early) or type I (late) collagen.
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Left coronary artery
The left coronary artery (abbreviated LCA) is an artery that arises from the aorta above the left cusp of the aortic valve and feeds blood to the left side of the heart.
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Lipid
In biology and biochemistry, a lipid is a biomolecule that is soluble in nonpolar solvents.
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Malignant hyperthermia
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a type of severe reaction that occurs to particular medications used during general anesthesia, among those who are susceptible.
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Mechanical ventilation
Mechanical ventilation is the medical term for artificial ventilation where mechanical means is used to assist or replace spontaneous breathing. This may involve a machine called a ventilator or the breathing may be assisted by an anesthesiologist, certified registered nurse anesthetist, physician, physician assistant, respiratory therapist, paramedic, EMT, or other suitable person compressing a bag or set of bellows. Mechanical ventilation is termed "invasive" if it involves any instrument penetrating the trachea through the mouth, such as an endotracheal tube or the skin, such as a tracheostomy tube. There are two main types: positive pressure ventilation, where air (or another gas mix) is pushed into the trachea, and negative pressure ventilation, where air is, in essence, sucked into the lungs. There are many modes of mechanical ventilation, and their nomenclature has been revised over the decades as the technology has continually developed.
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Median sternotomy
Median sternotomy is a type of surgical procedure in which a vertical inline incision is made along the sternum, after which the sternum itself is divided, or "cracked".
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Minimally invasive cardiac surgery
Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery, also known as MICS CABG (Minimally Invasive Cardiac Surgery/Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting) or The McGinn Technique is heart surgery performed through several small incisions instead of the traditional open-heart surgery that requires a median sternotomy approach.
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Minimally invasive direct coronary artery bypass surgery
Minimally Invasive Direct Coronary Artery Bypass (MIDCAB) is a surgical treatment for coronary heart disease that is a less invasive method of coronary artery bypass surgery (CABG).
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Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.
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New York (state)
New York is a state in the northeastern United States.
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Nonunion
Nonunion is permanent failure of healing following a broken bone unless intervention (such as surgery) is performed.
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OECD
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, OCDE) is an intergovernmental economic organisation with 35 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade.
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Off-pump coronary artery bypass
Off-pump coronary artery bypass or "beating heart" surgery is a form of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery performed without cardiopulmonary bypass (heart-lung machine) as a treatment for coronary heart disease.
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Operating theater
An operating theater (also known as an operating room, operating suite, operation theatre, operation suite or OR) is a facility within a hospital where surgical operations are carried out in a sterile environment.
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Percutaneous coronary intervention
Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is a non-surgical procedure used to treat narrowing (stenosis) of the coronary arteries of the heart found in coronary artery disease.
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Perfusionist
A perfusionist, also known as a clinical perfusionist, Cardiopulmonary bypass Doctor, clinical perfusion Scientist, or cardiovascular perfusionist, is a healthcare professional who uses the cardiopulmonary bypass machine (heart–lung machine) during cardiac surgery and other surgeries that require cardiopulmonary bypass to manage the patient's physiological status.
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Pleural effusion
A pleural effusion is excess fluid that accumulates in the pleural cavity, the fluid-filled space that surrounds the lungs.
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Pneumothorax
A pneumothorax is an abnormal collection of air in the pleural space between the lung and the chest wall.
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Postperfusion syndrome
Postperfusion syndrome, also known as "pumphead", is a constellation of neurocognitive impairments attributed to cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during cardiac surgery.
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Propofol
Propofol, marketed as Diprivan among others, is a short-acting medication that results in a decreased level of consciousness and lack of memory for events.
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Protamine
Protamines are small, arginine-rich, nuclear proteins that replace histones late in the haploid phase of spermatogenesis and are believed essential for sperm head condensation and DNA stabilization.
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Radial artery
In human anatomy, the radial artery is the main artery of the lateral aspect of the forearm.
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Randomized controlled trial
A randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial; RCT) is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment which aims to reduce bias when testing a new treatment.
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René Favaloro
Dr.
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Reperfusion therapy
Reperfusion therapy is a medical treatment to restore blood flow, either through or around, blocked arteries, typically after a heart attack (myocardial infarction (MI)).
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Revascularization
In medical and surgical therapy, revascularization is the restoration of perfusion to a body part or organ that has suffered ischemia.
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Right coronary artery
In the coronary circulation, the right coronary artery (RCA) is an artery originating above the right cusp of the aortic valve, at the right aortic sinus in the heart.
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Right gastroepiploic artery
The right gastroepiploic artery (or right gastro-omental artery) is one of the two terminal branches of the gastroduodenal artery.
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Robert H. Goetz
Robert Hans Goetz (17 April 1910, Frankfurt - 15 December 2000, Scarsdale, New York) was the surgeon who performed the first successful clinical (i.e., human) coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
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Sepsis
Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs.
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Shock (circulatory)
Shock is the state of low blood perfusion to tissues resulting in cellular injury and inadequate tissue function.
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Shortness of breath
Shortness of breath, also known as dyspnea, is the feeling that one cannot breathe well enough.
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Smoking cessation
Smoking cessation (also known as quitting smoking or simply quitting) is the process of discontinuing tobacco smoking.
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Statin
Statins, also known as HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors, are a class of lipid-lowering medications.
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Stenosis
A stenosis is an abnormal narrowing in a blood vessel or other tubular organ or structure.
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Sternum
The sternum or breastbone is a long flat bone located in the center of the chest.
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Stomach
The stomach (from ancient Greek στόμαχος, stomachos, stoma means mouth) is a muscular, hollow organ in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates.
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Stroke
A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.
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Subclavian artery
In human anatomy, the subclavian arteries are paired major arteries of the upper thorax, below the clavicle.
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Surgical suture
Surgical suture is a medical device used to hold body tissues together after an injury or surgery.
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Totally endoscopic coronary artery bypass surgery
Totally Endoscopic Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery (TECAB) is an entirely endoscopic robotic surgery used to treat coronary heart disease, developed in the very late 1990s.
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Tracheal tube
A tracheal tube is a catheter that is inserted into the trachea for the primary purpose of establishing and maintaining a patent airway and to ensure the adequate exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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Valve
A valve is a device that regulates, directs or controls the flow of a fluid (gases, liquids, fluidized solids, or slurries) by opening, closing, or partially obstructing various passageways.
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Vasilii Kolesov
Vasilii Ivanovich Kolesov (September 24, 1904, Martyanovskaja village in Vologda Oblast – August 2, 1992, St Petersburg) was one of the pioneers of global cardiac surgery.
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Vasoplegic syndrome
Vasoplegic syndrome (VPS) is a postperfusion syndrome characterized by low systemic vascular resistance and a high cardiac output.
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Vein graft failure
In medicine, vein graft failure (VGF) is a condition in which vein grafts, which are used as alternative conduits in bypass surgeries (e.g. CABG), get occluded.
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Aortocoronary bypass, Bypass grafting, Bypass operation, CABG, CABGS, Cardiac bypass, Cardiac bypass surgery, Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting, Coronary Artery Bypass surgery, Coronary Bypass, Coronary artery bypass, Coronary artery bypass graft, Coronary artery bypass graft surgery, Coronary artery bypass grafting, Coronary artery bypass operation, Coronary bypass, Coronary bypass operation, Coronary bypass surgery, Double heart bypass operation, Heart bypass, Heart bypass surgery, Heart bypass, left, Heart bypass, right, Heart revascularization, OPCABG, Off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery, Quadruple bypass, Quadruple bypass surgery, Quadruple heart bypass surgery, Quadruple-bypass, Triple bypass, Triple bypass heart surgery, Triple bypass surgery, Triple-bypass heart surgery.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coronary_artery_bypass_surgery
