We are working to restore the Unionpedia app on the Google Play Store
OutgoingIncoming
🌟We've simplified our design for better navigation!
Instagram Facebook X LinkedIn

Eighty Years' War

Index Eighty Years' War

The Eighty Years' War or Dutch Revolt (Nederlandse Opstand) (c. 1566/1568–1648) was an armed conflict in the Habsburg Netherlands between disparate groups of rebels and the Spanish government. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 126 relations: Act of Abjuration, Adriaan Pauw, Africa, Albert VII, Archduke of Austria, Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma, Ambrogio Spinola, Americas, Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604), Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630), Antonio de Oquendo, Arminianism, Army of Flanders, Asia, Atlantic Ocean, Azores, Bartholomeus van der Helst, Battle of Gibraltar (1607), Belgium, Bourgeois revolution, Canary Islands, Cardinal Richelieu, Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria, Caribbean Sea, Centralisation, Charles I of England, Duchy of Luxembourg, Dutch colonial empire, Dutch nobility, Dutch Reformed Church, Dutch Republic, Dutch–Portuguese War, East Asia, Eighty Years' War, 1566–1572, Eighty Years' War, 1572–1576, Eighty Years' War, 1576–1579, Eighty Years' War, 1579–1588, Eighty Years' War, 1599–1609, Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648, Elizabeth I, English Channel, Ernst Kossmann, European wars of religion, Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba, Fadrique de Toledo, 1st Marquess of Valdueza, Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba, Francis Vere, Francis, Duke of Anjou, Franciscus Gomarus, Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659), Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange, ... Expand index (76 more) »

  2. 16th century in Europe
  3. 17th century in Europe
  4. European wars of religion
  5. Global conflicts
  6. Reformed Christianity in the Dutch Republic
  7. Wars involving the Dutch Republic
  8. Wars involving the Habsburg monarchy

Act of Abjuration

The Act of Abjuration (Plakkaat van Verlatinghe; lit) is the declaration of independence by many of the provinces of the Netherlands from their allegiance to Philip II of Spain, during the Dutch Revolt.

See Eighty Years' War and Act of Abjuration

Adriaan Pauw

Adriaan Pauw, knight, heer van Heemstede, Bennebroek, Nieuwerkerk etc. (1 November 1585 – 21 February 1653) was Grand Pensionary of Holland from 1631 to 1636 and from 1651 to 1653.

See Eighty Years' War and Adriaan Pauw

Africa

Africa is the world's second-largest and second-most populous continent after Asia.

See Eighty Years' War and Africa

Albert VII, Archduke of Austria

Albert VII (Albrecht VII; 13 November 1559 – 13 July 1621) was the ruling Archduke of Austria for a few months in 1619 and, jointly with his wife, Isabella Clara Eugenia, sovereign of the Habsburg Netherlands between 1598 and 1621.

See Eighty Years' War and Albert VII, Archduke of Austria

Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma

Alexander Farnese (Alessandro Farnese, Alejandro Farnesio; 27 August 1545 – 3 December 1592) was an Italian noble and condottiero, who was Duke of Parma, Piacenza and Castro from 1586 to 1592, as well as Governor of the Spanish Netherlands from 1578 to 1592.

See Eighty Years' War and Alexander Farnese, Duke of Parma

Ambrogio Spinola

Ambrogio Spinola Doria, 1st Marquess of Los Balbases and 1st Duke of Sesto (1569 – 25 September 1630) was an Italian condottiero and nobleman of the Republic of Genoa, who served as a Spanish general and won a number of important battles.

See Eighty Years' War and Ambrogio Spinola

Americas

The Americas, sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North America and South America.

See Eighty Years' War and Americas

Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)

The Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) was an intermittent conflict between the Habsburg Kingdom of Spain and the Kingdom of England that was never formally declared. Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) are European wars of religion and wars involving Spain.

See Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604)

Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630)

The 1625 to 1630 Anglo-Spanish War was fought by England, in alliance with the Dutch Republic, and Spain. Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630) are 17th century in Europe, wars involving Spain and wars involving the Dutch Republic.

See Eighty Years' War and Anglo-Spanish War (1625–1630)

Antonio de Oquendo

Antonio de Oquendo y Zandategui (October 1577 in San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa – 7 June 1640, in A Coruña) was a Spanish admiral; in 1639 he was in command of the Spanish forces at the Battle of the Downs.

See Eighty Years' War and Antonio de Oquendo

Arminianism

Arminianism is a movement of Protestantism initiated in the early 17th century, based on the theological ideas of the Dutch Reformed theologian Jacobus Arminius and his historic supporters known as Remonstrants. Eighty Years' War and Arminianism are Reformed Christianity in the Dutch Republic.

See Eighty Years' War and Arminianism

Army of Flanders

The Army of Flanders (Ejército de Flandes Leger van Vlaanderen) was a multinational army in the service of the kings of Spain that was based in the Spanish Netherlands during the 16th to 18th centuries.

See Eighty Years' War and Army of Flanders

Asia

Asia is the largest continent in the world by both land area and population.

See Eighty Years' War and Asia

Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, with an area of about.

See Eighty Years' War and Atlantic Ocean

Azores

The Azores (Açores), officially the Autonomous Region of the Azores (Região Autónoma dos Açores), is one of the two autonomous regions of Portugal (along with Madeira).

See Eighty Years' War and Azores

Bartholomeus van der Helst

Bartholomeus van der Helst (1613 – buried 16 December 1670) was a Dutch painter.

See Eighty Years' War and Bartholomeus van der Helst

Battle of Gibraltar (1607)

The naval Battle of Gibraltar took place on 25 April 1607, during the Eighty Years' War, when a Dutch fleet surprised and engaged a Spanish fleet anchored at the Bay of Gibraltar.

See Eighty Years' War and Battle of Gibraltar (1607)

Belgium

Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe.

See Eighty Years' War and Belgium

Bourgeois revolution

Bourgeois revolution is a term used in Marxist theory to refer to a social revolution that aims to destroy a feudal system or its vestiges, establish the rule of the bourgeoisie, and create a capitalist state.

See Eighty Years' War and Bourgeois revolution

Canary Islands

The Canary Islands (Canarias), also known informally as the Canaries, are a Spanish region, autonomous community and archipelago in the Atlantic Ocean.

See Eighty Years' War and Canary Islands

Cardinal Richelieu

Armand Jean du Plessis, 1st Duke of Richelieu (9 September 1585 – 4 December 1642), known as Cardinal Richelieu, was a French statesman and prelate of the Catholic Church.

See Eighty Years' War and Cardinal Richelieu

Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria

Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand (also known as Don Fernando de Austria, Cardenal-Infante Fernando de España and as Ferdinand von Österreich; 16 May 1609 – 9 November 1641) was a Spanish and Portuguese prince (Infante of Spain, Infante of Portugal (until 1640)), Governor of the Spanish Netherlands, Cardinal of the Holy Catholic Church, Archduke of Austria, Archbishop of Toledo (1619–41), and a general during the Thirty Years' War, the Eighty Years' War, and the Franco-Spanish War.

See Eighty Years' War and Cardinal-Infante Ferdinand of Austria

Caribbean Sea

The Caribbean Sea is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere.

See Eighty Years' War and Caribbean Sea

Centralisation

Centralisation or centralization (see spelling differences) is the process by which the activities of an entity or organization, particularly those regarding planning, decision-making and control of strategies and policies, become concentrated within a particular group, sector, department or region within that entity or organization.

See Eighty Years' War and Centralisation

Charles I of England

Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was King of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.

See Eighty Years' War and Charles I of England

Duchy of Luxembourg

The Duchy of Luxembourg (Luxemburg; Luxembourg; Luxemburg; Lëtzebuerg) was a state of the Holy Roman Empire, the ancestral homeland of the noble House of Luxembourg.

See Eighty Years' War and Duchy of Luxembourg

Dutch colonial empire

The Dutch colonial empire (Nederlandse koloniale rijk) comprised the overseas territories and trading posts controlled and administered by Dutch chartered companies—mainly the Dutch East India Company and the Dutch West India Company—and subsequently by the Dutch Republic (1581–1795), and by the modern Kingdom of the Netherlands after 1815.

See Eighty Years' War and Dutch colonial empire

Dutch nobility

The Dutch nobility is a small elite social class consisting of individuals or families recognized as noble, and with or without a title of nobility in the Kingdom of the Netherlands.

See Eighty Years' War and Dutch nobility

Dutch Reformed Church

The Dutch Reformed Church (abbreviated NHK) was the largest Christian denomination in the Netherlands from the onset of the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century until 1930.

See Eighty Years' War and Dutch Reformed Church

Dutch Republic

The United Provinces of the Netherlands, officially the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (Republiek der Zeven Verenigde Nederlanden) and commonly referred to in historiography as the Dutch Republic, was a confederation that existed from 1579 until the Batavian Revolution in 1795.

See Eighty Years' War and Dutch Republic

Dutch–Portuguese War

The Dutch–Portuguese War was a global armed conflict involving Dutch forces, in the form of the Dutch East India Company, the Dutch West India Company, and their allies, against the Iberian Union, and after 1640, the Portuguese Empire. Eighty Years' War and Dutch–Portuguese War are wars involving Portugal, wars involving Spain and wars involving the Dutch Republic.

See Eighty Years' War and Dutch–Portuguese War

East Asia

East Asia is a geographical and cultural region of Asia including the countries of China, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan.

See Eighty Years' War and East Asia

Eighty Years' War, 1566–1572

The period between the start of the Beeldenstorm in August 1566 until early 1572 (before the Capture of Brielle on 1 April 1572) contained the first events of a series that would later be known as the Eighty Years' War between the Spanish Empire and disparate groups of rebels in the Habsburg Netherlands. Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1566–1572 are wars involving Spain and wars involving the Netherlands.

See Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1566–1572

Eighty Years' War, 1572–1576

The period between the Capture of Brielle (1 April 1572) and the Pacification of Ghent (8 November 1576) was an early stage of the Eighty Years' War (–1648) between the Spanish Empire and groups of rebels in the Habsburg Netherlands. Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1572–1576 are wars involving Spain and wars involving the Netherlands.

See Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1572–1576

Eighty Years' War, 1576–1579

The period between the Pacification of Ghent (8 November 1576), and the Unions of Arras (6 January 1579) and Utrecht (23 January 1579) constituted a crucial phase of the Eighty Years' War (–1648) between the Spanish Empire and the rebelling United Provinces, which would become the independent Dutch Republic. Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1576–1579 are wars involving Portugal, wars involving Spain, wars involving the Dutch Republic, wars involving the Habsburg monarchy and wars involving the Netherlands.

See Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1576–1579

Eighty Years' War, 1579–1588

The years 1579–1588 constituted a phase of the Eighty Years' War (c. 1568–1648) between the Spanish Empire and the United Provinces in revolt after most of them concluded the Union of Utrecht on 23 January 1579, and proceeded to carve the independent Dutch Republic out of the Habsburg Netherlands. Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1579–1588 are wars involving Portugal, wars involving Spain, wars involving the Dutch Republic, wars involving the Habsburg monarchy and wars involving the Netherlands.

See Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1579–1588

Eighty Years' War, 1599–1609

The years 1599–1609 constituted a phase of in the Eighty Years' War (c. 1568–1648) between the Spanish Empire and the emerging Dutch Republic. Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1599–1609 are wars involving Portugal, wars involving Spain, wars involving the Dutch Republic and wars involving the Habsburg monarchy.

See Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1599–1609

Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648

The years 1621–1648 constituted the final phase of the Eighty Years' War (c. 1568–1648) between the Spanish Empire and the emerging Dutch Republic. Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648 are 17th century in Europe, European wars of religion, Reformed Christianity in the Dutch Republic, wars involving France, wars involving Great Britain, wars involving Portugal, wars involving Spain, wars involving the Dutch Republic, wars involving the Habsburg monarchy, wars involving the Holy Roman Empire, wars involving the Netherlands and wars of independence.

See Eighty Years' War and Eighty Years' War, 1621–1648

Elizabeth I

Elizabeth I (7 September 153324 March 1603) was Queen of England and Ireland from 17 November 1558 until her death in 1603.

See Eighty Years' War and Elizabeth I

English Channel

The English Channel, also known as the Channel, is an arm of the Atlantic Ocean that separates Southern England from northern France.

See Eighty Years' War and English Channel

Ernst Kossmann

Ernst Heinrich Kossmann (31 January 1922 – 8 November 2003), often named as E. H. Kossmann in his books, was a Dutch historian.

See Eighty Years' War and Ernst Kossmann

European wars of religion

The European wars of religion were a series of wars waged in Europe during the 16th, 17th and early 18th centuries. Eighty Years' War and European wars of religion are 16th century in Europe and 17th century in Europe.

See Eighty Years' War and European wars of religion

Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba

Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmán, 4th Duke of Alba, Grandee of Spain, (in full), (21 November 1537 – 3 September 1585), was a commander in the Spanish army during the Eighty Years' War.

See Eighty Years' War and Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba

Fadrique de Toledo, 1st Marquess of Valdueza

Fadrique de Toledo or Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Mendoza, 1st Marquess of Valdueza (Naples, 30 May 1580 – Madrid, 11 December 1634), was a Spanish noble and admiral.

See Eighty Years' War and Fadrique de Toledo, 1st Marquess of Valdueza

Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba

Fernando Álvarez de Toledo y Pimentel, 3rd Duke of Alba (29 October 150711 December 1582), known as the Grand Duke of Alba (Grão Duque de Alba) in Spain and Portugal and as the Iron Duke (or shortly 'Alva') in the Netherlands, was a Spanish noble, general and diplomat.

See Eighty Years' War and Fernando Álvarez de Toledo, 3rd Duke of Alba

Francis Vere

Sir Francis Vere (1560/6128 August 1609) was a prominent English soldier serving under Queen Elizabeth I fighting mainly in the Low Countries during the Anglo-Spanish War (1585–1604) and the Eighty Years' War.

See Eighty Years' War and Francis Vere

Francis, Duke of Anjou

Monsieur François, Duke of Anjou and Alençon (Hercule François; 18 March 1555 – 10 June 1584) was the youngest son of King Henry II of France and Catherine de' Medici.

See Eighty Years' War and Francis, Duke of Anjou

Franciscus Gomarus

Franciscus Gomarus (François Gomaer; 30 January 1563 – 11 January 1641) was a Dutch theologian, a strict Calvinist and an opponent of the teaching of Jacobus Arminius (and his followers), whose theological disputes were addressed at the Synod of Dort (or Dordrecht) (1618–19).

See Eighty Years' War and Franciscus Gomarus

Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)

The Franco-Spanish War was fought from 1635 to 1659 between France and Spain, each supported by various allies at different points. Eighty Years' War and Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659) are wars involving France, wars involving Spain and wars involving the Holy Roman Empire.

See Eighty Years' War and Franco-Spanish War (1635–1659)

Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange

Frederick Henry (Frederik Hendrik; 29 January 1584 – 14 March 1647) was the sovereign prince of Orange and stadtholder of Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel in the Dutch Republic from 1625 until his death in 1647.

See Eighty Years' War and Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange

Gaspar de Bracamonte, 3rd Count of Peñaranda

Gaspar de Bracamonte y Guzmán, 3rd Count of Peñaranda (Gaspar de Bracamonte y Guzmán, tercer Conde de Peñaranda.) (c. 1595 – 14 December 1676) was a Spanish diplomat and statesman.

See Eighty Years' War and Gaspar de Bracamonte, 3rd Count of Peñaranda

Geoffrey Parker (historian)

Noel Geoffrey Parker (born 25 December 1943) is an English historian specialising in the history of Western Europe, Spain, and warfare during the early modern era.

See Eighty Years' War and Geoffrey Parker (historian)

Gerard ter Borch

Gerard ter Borch (December 1617 – 8 December 1681), also known as Gerard Terburg, was a Dutch Golden Age painter mainly of genre subjects.

See Eighty Years' War and Gerard ter Borch

Gilles van Ledenberg

Gilles van Ledenberg (c. 1550 – 28 September 1618) was a Dutch statesman.

See Eighty Years' War and Gilles van Ledenberg

Habsburg Netherlands

Habsburg Netherlands was the Renaissance period fiefs in the Low Countries held by the Holy Roman Empire's House of Habsburg.

See Eighty Years' War and Habsburg Netherlands

Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon

Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne (titular Duke of Bouillon, jure uxoris, comte de Montfort et Negrepelisse, vicomte de Turenne, Castillon, et Lanquais) (28 September 1555 – 25 March 1623) was a member of the powerful House of La Tour d'Auvergne, the Prince of Sedan and a marshal of France.

See Eighty Years' War and Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon

Henry IV of France

Henry IV (Henri IV; 13 December 1553 – 14 May 1610), also known by the epithets Good King Henry or Henry the Great, was King of Navarre (as Henry III) from 1572 and King of France from 1589 to 1610.

See Eighty Years' War and Henry IV of France

History of the Calvinist–Arminian debate

The history of the Calvinist–Arminian debate begins in the early 17th century in the Netherlands with a Christian theological dispute between the followers of John Calvin and Jacobus Arminius, and continues today among some Protestants, particularly evangelicals. Eighty Years' War and history of the Calvinist–Arminian debate are Reformed Christianity in the Dutch Republic.

See Eighty Years' War and History of the Calvinist–Arminian debate

Holy Roman Empire

The Holy Roman Empire, also known as the Holy Roman Empire of the German Nation after 1512, was a polity in Central and Western Europe, usually headed by the Holy Roman Emperor.

See Eighty Years' War and Holy Roman Empire

Hugo Grotius

Hugo Grotius (10 April 1583 – 28 August 1645), also known as Hugo de Groot or Huig de Groot, was a Dutch humanist, diplomat, lawyer, theologian, jurist, statesman, poet and playwright.

See Eighty Years' War and Hugo Grotius

Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula (IPA), also known as Iberia, is a peninsula in south-western Europe, defining the westernmost edge of Eurasia.

See Eighty Years' War and Iberian Peninsula

Iberian Union

The Iberian Union is a historiographical term used to describe the dynastic union of the Monarchy of Spain, which in turn was itself a personal union of the crowns of Castile and Aragon, and the Kingdom of Portugal, and of their respective colonial empires, that existed between 1580 and 1640 and brought the entire Iberian Peninsula except Andorra, as well as Portuguese and Spanish overseas possessions, under the Spanish Habsburg monarchs Philip II, Philip III, and Philip IV.

See Eighty Years' War and Iberian Union

Indian Ocean

The Indian Ocean is the third-largest of the world's five oceanic divisions, covering or approx.

See Eighty Years' War and Indian Ocean

Isabella Clara Eugenia

Isabella Clara Eugenia (Isabel Clara Eugenia; 12 August 1566 – 1 December 1633), sometimes referred to as Clara Isabella Eugenia, was sovereign of the Spanish Netherlands, which comprised the Low Countries and the north of modern France with her husband, Archduke Albert VII of Austria.

See Eighty Years' War and Isabella Clara Eugenia

James VI and I

James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625.

See Eighty Years' War and James VI and I

Johan van Oldenbarnevelt

Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, Heer van Berkel en Rodenrijs (1600), Gunterstein (1611) and Bakkum (1613) (14 September 1547 – 13 May 1619) was a Dutch statesman and revolutionary who played an important role in the Dutch struggle for independence from Spain.

See Eighty Years' War and Johan van Oldenbarnevelt

John of Austria

John of Austria (Johann von Österreich, Juan de Austria; 24 February 1547 – 1 October 1578) was the illegitimate son of Charles V, Holy Roman Emperor.

See Eighty Years' War and John of Austria

Kingdom of England

The Kingdom of England was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from 886, when it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms, until 1 May 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, which would later become the United Kingdom.

See Eighty Years' War and Kingdom of England

Kingdom of France

The Kingdom of France is the historiographical name or umbrella term given to various political entities of France in the medieval and early modern period.

See Eighty Years' War and Kingdom of France

Kingdom of Portugal

The Kingdom of Portugal was a monarchy in the western Iberian Peninsula and the predecessor of the modern Portuguese Republic.

See Eighty Years' War and Kingdom of Portugal

Land's Advocate of Holland

The Lands' Advocate (landsadvocaat) of Holland acted as a legal adviser and secretary to the Estates of Holland.

See Eighty Years' War and Land's Advocate of Holland

List of battles of the Eighty Years' War

This is a list of battles of the Eighty Years' War.

See Eighty Years' War and List of battles of the Eighty Years' War

Louis XIII

Louis XIII (sometimes called the Just; 27 September 1601 – 14 May 1643) was King of France from 1610 until his death in 1643 and King of Navarre (as Louis II) from 1610 to 1620, when the crown of Navarre was merged with the French crown.

See Eighty Years' War and Louis XIII

Low Countries

The Low Countries (de Lage Landen; les Pays-Bas), historically also known as the Netherlands (de Nederlanden), is a coastal lowland region in Northwestern Europe forming the lower basin of the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta and consisting today of the three modern "Benelux" countries: Belgium, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands (Nederland, which is singular).

See Eighty Years' War and Low Countries

Luxembourg

Luxembourg (Lëtzebuerg; Luxemburg; Luxembourg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a small landlocked country in Western Europe.

See Eighty Years' War and Luxembourg

Maarten Tromp

Maarten Harpertszoon Tromp or Maarten van Tromp (23 April 1598 – 31 July 1653) was an army general and admiral in the Dutch navy during much of the Eighty Years' War and throughout the First Anglo-Dutch War.

See Eighty Years' War and Maarten Tromp

Margaret of Parma

Margaret (5 July 1522 – 18 January 1586) was Duchess of Parma from 1547 to 1586 as the wife of Duke Ottavio Farnese and Governor of the Netherlands from 1559 to 1567 and from 1578 to 1582.

See Eighty Years' War and Margaret of Parma

Martyrs of Gorkum

The Martyrs of Gorkum (Martelaren van Gorcum) were a group of 19 Dutch Catholic clerics, secular and religious, who were hanged on 9 July 1572 in the town of Brielle by militant Dutch Calvinists during the 16th-century religious wars—specifically, the Dutch Revolt against Spanish rule, which developed into the Eighty Years' War.

See Eighty Years' War and Martyrs of Gorkum

Maurice, Prince of Orange

Maurice of Orange (Maurits van Oranje; 14 November 1567 – 23 April 1625) was stadtholder of all the provinces of the Dutch Republic except for Friesland from 1585 at the earliest until his death in 1625.

See Eighty Years' War and Maurice, Prince of Orange

Mediterranean Sea

The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa, on the east by the Levant in West Asia, and on the west almost by the Morocco–Spain border.

See Eighty Years' War and Mediterranean Sea

Merck toch hoe sterck

"Merck toch hoe sterck" ("Notice how strong") is a Dutch war song and sea shanty written between 1622 and 1625 by Adriaen Valerius (who adapted the "Wilhelmus", the national anthem of the Netherlands).

See Eighty Years' War and Merck toch hoe sterck

Netherlands

The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.

See Eighty Years' War and Netherlands

North Sea

The North Sea lies between Great Britain, Denmark, Norway, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium and France.

See Eighty Years' War and North Sea

Northeast Region, Brazil

The Northeast Region of Brazil (Região Nordeste do Brasil) is one of the five official and political regions of the country according to the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics.

See Eighty Years' War and Northeast Region, Brazil

Origins of the Eighty Years' War

The origins of the Eighty Years' War are complicated, and have been a source of disputes amongst historians for centuries. Eighty Years' War and origins of the Eighty Years' War are wars involving Spain and wars involving the Netherlands.

See Eighty Years' War and Origins of the Eighty Years' War

Pacification of Ghent

The Pacification of Ghent, signed on 8 November 1576, was an alliance between the provinces of the Habsburg Netherlands.

See Eighty Years' War and Pacification of Ghent

Peace of Münster

The Peace of Münster was a treaty between the Lords States General of the Seven United Netherlands and the Spanish Crown, the terms of which were agreed on 30 January 1648.

See Eighty Years' War and Peace of Münster

Peace of Westphalia

The Peace of Westphalia (Westfälischer Friede) is the collective name for two peace treaties signed in October 1648 in the Westphalian cities of Osnabrück and Münster.

See Eighty Years' War and Peace of Westphalia

Philip II of Spain

Philip II (21 May 152713 September 1598), also known as Philip the Prudent (Felipe el Prudente), was King of Spain from 1556, King of Portugal from 1580, and King of Naples and Sicily from 1554 until his death in 1598.

See Eighty Years' War and Philip II of Spain

Philip III of Spain

Philip III (Felipe III; 14 April 1578 – 31 March 1621) was King of Spain.

See Eighty Years' War and Philip III of Spain

Philip IV of Spain

Philip IV (Felipe Domingo Victor de la Cruz de Austria y Austria, Filipe; 8 April 160517 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: Rey Planeta), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640.

See Eighty Years' War and Philip IV of Spain

Pieter Geyl

Pieter Catharinus Arie Geyl (15 December 1887, Dordrecht – 31 December 1966, Utrecht) was a Dutch historian, well known for his studies in early modern Dutch history and in historiography.

See Eighty Years' War and Pieter Geyl

Portuguese Empire

The Portuguese Empire (Império Português), also known as the Portuguese Overseas or the Portuguese Colonial Empire, was composed of the overseas colonies, factories, and later overseas territories, governed by the Kingdom of Portugal, and later the Republic of Portugal.

See Eighty Years' War and Portuguese Empire

Portuguese Restoration War

The Restoration War (Guerra da Restauração), historically known as the Acclamation War (Guerra da Aclamação), was the war between Portugal and Spain that began with the Portuguese revolution of 1640 and ended with the Treaty of Lisbon in 1668, bringing a formal end to the Iberian Union. Eighty Years' War and Portuguese Restoration War are wars involving France, wars involving Portugal and wars involving Spain.

See Eighty Years' War and Portuguese Restoration War

Prince-Bishopric of Liège

The Prince-Bishopric of Liège or Principality of Liège was an ecclesiastical principality of the Holy Roman Empire that was situated for the most part in present-day Belgium.

See Eighty Years' War and Prince-Bishopric of Liège

Reformation

The Reformation, also known as the Protestant Reformation and the European Reformation, was a major theological movement in Western Christianity in 16th-century Europe that posed a religious and political challenge to the papacy and the authority of the Catholic Church.

See Eighty Years' War and Reformation

Remonstrants

The Remonstrants (or the Remonstrant Brotherhood) is a Protestant movement that split from the Dutch Reformed Church in the early 17th century.

See Eighty Years' War and Remonstrants

Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester

Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, (24 June 1532 – 4 September 1588) was an English statesman and the favourite of Elizabeth I from her accession until his death.

See Eighty Years' War and Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester

Rombout Hogerbeets

Rombout Hogerbeets (Hoorn, 24 June 1561 — Wassenaar, 7 September 1625) was a Dutch jurist and statesman.

See Eighty Years' War and Rombout Hogerbeets

Seventeen Provinces

The Seventeen Provinces were the Imperial states of the Habsburg Netherlands in the 16th century.

See Eighty Years' War and Seventeen Provinces

South America

South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a considerably smaller portion in the Northern Hemisphere.

See Eighty Years' War and South America

South Asia

South Asia is the southern subregion of Asia, which is defined in both geographical and ethnic-cultural terms.

See Eighty Years' War and South Asia

Southeast Asia

Southeast Asia is the geographical southeastern region of Asia, consisting of the regions that are situated south of China, east of the Indian subcontinent, and northwest of the Australian mainland, which is part of Oceania.

See Eighty Years' War and Southeast Asia

Southern Africa

Southern Africa is the southernmost region of Africa.

See Eighty Years' War and Southern Africa

Southern Netherlands

The Southern Netherlands, also called the Catholic Netherlands, were the parts of the Low Countries belonging to the Holy Roman Empire which were at first largely controlled by Habsburg Spain (Spanish Netherlands, 1556–1714) and later by the Austrian Habsburgs (Austrian Netherlands, 1714–1794) until occupied and annexed by Revolutionary France (1794–1815).

See Eighty Years' War and Southern Netherlands

Spanish Empire

The Spanish Empire, sometimes referred to as the Hispanic Monarchy or the Catholic Monarchy, was a colonial empire that existed between 1492 and 1976.

See Eighty Years' War and Spanish Empire

Spanish Fury

The Spanish Fury (or the Spanish Terror) was a number of violent sackings of cities (lootings) in the Low Countries or Benelux, mostly by Spanish Habsburg armies, that happened in the years 1572–1579 during the Dutch Revolt.

See Eighty Years' War and Spanish Fury

Spanish Road

The Spanish Road (Spanish: Camino Español, German: Spanische Straße) was a military road and trade route in the late sixteenth and early seventeenth centuries, linking the Duchy of Milan, the Franche-Comté and the Spanish Netherlands, all of which were at the time territories of the Spanish Empire under the Habsburgs.

See Eighty Years' War and Spanish Road

Stadtholder

In the Low Countries, a stadtholder (stadhouder) was a steward, first appointed as a medieval official and ultimately functioning as a national leader.

See Eighty Years' War and Stadtholder

States General of the Netherlands

The States General of the Netherlands (Staten-Generaal) is the supreme bicameral legislature of the Netherlands consisting of the Senate (Eerste Kamer) and the House of Representatives (Tweede Kamer).

See Eighty Years' War and States General of the Netherlands

Synod of Dort

The Synod of Dort (also known as the Synod of Dordt or the Synod of Dordrecht) was a European transnational Synod held in Dordrecht in 1618–1619, by the Dutch Reformed Church, to settle a divisive controversy caused by the rise of Arminianism. Eighty Years' War and Synod of Dort are Reformed Christianity in the Dutch Republic.

See Eighty Years' War and Synod of Dort

Ten Years (Eighty Years' War)

The Ten Years (Tien jaren) were a period in the Eighty Years' War spanning the years 1588 to 1598.

See Eighty Years' War and Ten Years (Eighty Years' War)

The Guianas

The Guianas, also spelled Guyanas or Guayanas, is a region in north-eastern South America.

See Eighty Years' War and The Guianas

Thirty Years' War

The Thirty Years' War, from 1618 to 1648, was one of the most destructive conflicts in European history. Eighty Years' War and Thirty Years' War are 17th century in Europe, European wars of religion, wars involving France, wars involving Spain, wars involving the Dutch Republic, wars involving the Habsburg monarchy and wars involving the Holy Roman Empire.

See Eighty Years' War and Thirty Years' War

Treaty of Plessis-les-Tours

The Treaty of Plessis-les-Tours was signed on 29 September 1580 between the Dutch Staten Generaal (with the exception of Zeeland and Holland) and François, Duke of Anjou (supported by William the Silent).

See Eighty Years' War and Treaty of Plessis-les-Tours

Treaty of The Hague (1641)

The Treaty of The Hague of 1641 was a ten-year truce between the Dutch Republic and the Kingdom of Portugal.

See Eighty Years' War and Treaty of The Hague (1641)

Treaty of the Pyrenees

The Treaty of the Pyrenees was signed on 7 November 1659 and ended the Franco-Spanish War that had begun in 1635.

See Eighty Years' War and Treaty of the Pyrenees

Triple Alliance (1596)

The Triple Alliance of 1596 (full title: Tract of alliance between England, France and the United Netherlands), was an alliance between England, France and the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands.

See Eighty Years' War and Triple Alliance (1596)

Twelve Years' Truce

The Twelve Years' Truce was a ceasefire during the Eighty Years' War between Spain and the Dutch Republic, agreed in Antwerp on 9 April 1609 and ended on 9 April 1621.

See Eighty Years' War and Twelve Years' Truce

Union of Arras

The Union of Arras (Dutch: Unie van Atrecht, French: Union d'Arras, Spanish: Unión de Arrás) was an alliance between the County of Artois, the County of Hainaut and the city of Douai in the Habsburg Netherlands in early 1579 during the Eighty Years' War.

See Eighty Years' War and Union of Arras

Union of Delft

The Union of Delft, (officially the "Act of Federation") was signed on 25 April 1576 by William the Silent, Prince of Orange, and the provinces of Holland and Zeeland in the Netherlands and made a definitive federation of the two provinces.

See Eighty Years' War and Union of Delft

Union of Utrecht

The Union of Utrecht (Unie van Utrecht) was a treaty signed on 23 January 1579 in Utrecht, Netherlands, unifying the northern provinces of the Netherlands, until then under the control of Habsburg Spain.

See Eighty Years' War and Union of Utrecht

Wars of national liberation

Wars of national liberation, also called wars of independence or wars of liberation, are conflicts fought by nations to gain independence. Eighty Years' War and wars of national liberation are wars of independence.

See Eighty Years' War and Wars of national liberation

West Africa

West Africa, or Western Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa. The United Nations defines Western Africa as the 16 countries of Benin, Burkina Faso, Cape Verde, The Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Sierra Leone, and Togo, as well as Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha (United Kingdom Overseas Territory).Paul R.

See Eighty Years' War and West Africa

William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg

William Louis of Nassau-Dillenburg (Willem Lodewijk; Willem Loadewyk; 13 March 1560, Dillenburg, Hesse – 13 July 1620, Leeuwarden, Netherlands) was Count of Nassau-Dillenburg from 1606 to 1620, and stadtholder of Friesland, Groningen, and Drenthe.

See Eighty Years' War and William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg

William the Silent

William the Silent or William the Taciturn (Willem de Zwijger; 24 April 153310 July 1584), more commonly known in the Netherlands as William of Orange (Willem van Oranje), was the leader of the Dutch revolt against the Spanish Habsburgs that set off the Eighty Years' War (1568–1648) and resulted in the formal independence of the United Provinces in 1648.

See Eighty Years' War and William the Silent

See also

16th century in Europe

17th century in Europe

European wars of religion

Global conflicts

Reformed Christianity in the Dutch Republic

Wars involving the Dutch Republic

Wars involving the Habsburg monarchy

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eighty_Years'_War

Also known as 80 Year War, 80 Year's War, 80 Years' War, 80 years war, 80-year war, Dutch Independence War, Dutch Revolt, Dutch Revolution, Dutch War of Independence, Dutch independence, Eighty Year's War, Eighty Years War, Eighty Years' War (1566–1609), Eighty Years' War (1568-1609), Hispano-Dutch War, Netherlands' War of Independence, Resurgence (Dutch Revolt), Revolt of the Netherlands, Revolution of the Low Countries, Spanish occupation of the Netherlands, Tachtigjarige Oorlog, The Eighty Years' War, War for Dutch Independence, War on independence.

, Gaspar de Bracamonte, 3rd Count of Peñaranda, Geoffrey Parker (historian), Gerard ter Borch, Gilles van Ledenberg, Habsburg Netherlands, Henri de La Tour d'Auvergne, Duke of Bouillon, Henry IV of France, History of the Calvinist–Arminian debate, Holy Roman Empire, Hugo Grotius, Iberian Peninsula, Iberian Union, Indian Ocean, Isabella Clara Eugenia, James VI and I, Johan van Oldenbarnevelt, John of Austria, Kingdom of England, Kingdom of France, Kingdom of Portugal, Land's Advocate of Holland, List of battles of the Eighty Years' War, Louis XIII, Low Countries, Luxembourg, Maarten Tromp, Margaret of Parma, Martyrs of Gorkum, Maurice, Prince of Orange, Mediterranean Sea, Merck toch hoe sterck, Netherlands, North Sea, Northeast Region, Brazil, Origins of the Eighty Years' War, Pacification of Ghent, Peace of Münster, Peace of Westphalia, Philip II of Spain, Philip III of Spain, Philip IV of Spain, Pieter Geyl, Portuguese Empire, Portuguese Restoration War, Prince-Bishopric of Liège, Reformation, Remonstrants, Robert Dudley, 1st Earl of Leicester, Rombout Hogerbeets, Seventeen Provinces, South America, South Asia, Southeast Asia, Southern Africa, Southern Netherlands, Spanish Empire, Spanish Fury, Spanish Road, Stadtholder, States General of the Netherlands, Synod of Dort, Ten Years (Eighty Years' War), The Guianas, Thirty Years' War, Treaty of Plessis-les-Tours, Treaty of The Hague (1641), Treaty of the Pyrenees, Triple Alliance (1596), Twelve Years' Truce, Union of Arras, Union of Delft, Union of Utrecht, Wars of national liberation, West Africa, William Louis, Count of Nassau-Dillenburg, William the Silent.