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194 relations: A Coruña, Abolitionism, Affranchi, Age of Enlightenment, Agency (sociology), Alejo Carpentier, Alexandre Pétion, American Revolution, An Unbroken Agony, André Rigaud, Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson, Arawak, Atlantic Revolutions, Atlantic World, Étienne Polverel, Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot, Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres, Battle of Vertières, Blockade of Saint-Domingue, Bois Caïman, Boisrond-Tonnerre, Bordeaux, Breaking wheel, Brown University, Bug-Jargal, C. L. R. James, Cap-Haïtien, Captaincy General of Santo Domingo, Caribbean, Caste, Cécile Fatiman, Charles Grey, 1st Earl Grey, Charles Leclerc, Charles Rivière-Hérard, Citadelle Laferrière, Civil and political rights, Code Noir, Colonization, Dédée Bazile, Death by burning, Declaration of the Rights of the Man and of the Citizen of 1789, Democracy Now!, Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau, Dutty Boukman, Faustin Soulouque, Federico Carlos Gravina y Nápoli, First Empire of Haiti, Fon people, Fort de Joux, François Capois, ..., François Mackandal, Free people of color, French Army, French colonial empire, French First Republic, French Revolution, French Revolutionary Wars, Gabriel Marie Joseph, comte d'Hédouville, Gens de couleur, Georges Biassou, Gonaïves, Grand-Goâve, Guadeloupe, Guillaume Thomas François Raynal, Haiti, Haitian Creole, Haitian Vodou, Henri Christophe, Hispaniola, History of sugar, Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau, House of Bourbon, Hyde Parker (Royal Navy officer, born 1739), Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Insurgency, Irrigation, Isabel Allende, Island Beneath the Sea, Jacmel, Jacobin, Jacobin (magazine), Jamaica, January Suchodolski, Jean-Baptiste Belley, Jean-François Papillon, Jean-Jacques Dessalines, Jean-Pierre Boyer, John Ford (Royal Navy officer), John Graves Simcoe, John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent, John Loring (Royal Navy officer, died 1808), Joseph Balthazar Inginac, Julien Raimond, Kimathi Donkor, Kingdom of France (1791–92), Kingdom of Kongo, Lamour Desrances, Léger-Félicité Sonthonax, Léogâne, Les Cayes, Library of Congress, Library of Congress Country Studies, Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse, Louis XIV of France, Louisiana Purchase, Louisiana Territory, Lynn Ahrens, MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies, Madison Smartt Bell, Malaria, Marcus Rainsford, Marie-Claire Heureuse Félicité, Marie-Jeanne Lamartiniére, Marie-Louise Coidavid, Marie-Madeleine Lachenais, Maroon (people), Martinique, Maximilien Robespierre, Môle-Saint-Nicolas, Mortality rate, Mount Vesuvius, Multiracial, Napoleon, Napoleon's Crimes, Napoleonic Wars, Nation state, National Assembly (France), National Assembly (French Revolution), National Convention, Nord (Haitian department), Nord-Ouest (department), Once on This Island, Ouest (department), Patois, Paul Fregosi, Pauline Bonaparte, PBS, Peace of Basel, Petit-Goâve, Philibert François Rouxel de Blanchelande, Philippe Guerrier, Plaine-du-Nord, Plantation economy, Plantocracy, Polish Legions (Napoleonic period), Polyandry, Pompée Valentin Vastey, Port-au-Prince, Quasi-War, Ralph Abercromby, Religion in Africa, Republic of Spanish Haiti, Revolution, Roman Republic, Rosa Guy, Saint-Domingue, Saint-Domingue expedition, Sanité Bélair, Sir John Duckworth, 1st Baronet, Slave rebellion, Slavery, Slavery in the United States, Social capital, Socialism, Southern United States, Spanish Empire, Spartacus, Stephen Flaherty, Sud (department), Suffrage, Sugar plantations in the Caribbean, Sugarcane, Sulfur dioxide, Suzanne Simone Baptiste Louverture, Switzerland in the Napoleonic era, The Black Jacobins, The Kingdom of This World, Third Servile War, Thomas Maitland (British Army officer), Tiburon Peninsula, Top Five, Toussaint Louverture, Towson University, Unification of Hispaniola, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, University of Texas at Austin, Vincent Ogé, War of Knives, William Dietrich (novelist), William Pitt the Younger, Yellow fever, Yoruba people, 1804 Haiti massacre, 1811 German Coast uprising. Expand index (144 more) »
A Coruña
A Coruña (is a city and municipality of Galicia, Spain. It is the second most populated city in the autonomous community and seventeenth overall in the country. The city is the provincial capital of the province of the same name, having also served as political capital of the Kingdom of Galicia from the 16th to the 19th centuries, and as a regional administrative centre between 1833 and 1982, before being replaced by Santiago de Compostela. A Coruña is a busy port located on a promontory in the Golfo Ártabro, a large gulf on the Atlantic Ocean. It provides a distribution point for agricultural goods from the region.
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Abolitionism
Abolitionism is a general term which describes the movement to end slavery.
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Affranchi
Affranchi is a former French legal term denoting a freedman or emancipated slave, but was a term used to refer pejoratively to mulattoes.
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Age of Enlightenment
The Enlightenment (also known as the Age of Enlightenment or the Age of Reason; in lit in Aufklärung, "Enlightenment", in L’Illuminismo, “Enlightenment” and in Spanish: La Ilustración, "Enlightenment") was an intellectual and philosophical movement that dominated the world of ideas in Europe during the 18th century, "The Century of Philosophy".
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Agency (sociology)
In social science, agency is the capacity of individuals to act independently and to make their own free choices.
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Alejo Carpentier
Alejo Carpentier y Valmont (December 26, 1904 – April 24, 1980) was a Cuban novelist, essayist, and musicologist who greatly influenced Latin American literature during its famous "boom" period.
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Alexandre Pétion
Alexandre Sabès Pétion (April 2, 1770 – March 29, 1818) was the first President of the Republic of Haiti from 1807 until his death in 1818.
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American Revolution
The American Revolution was a colonial revolt that took place between 1765 and 1783.
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An Unbroken Agony
An Unbroken Agony: Haiti, From Revolution to the Kidnapping of a President is a book on the history of Haiti by Randall Robinson (BasicCivitas Books 2008).
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André Rigaud
Benoit Joseph André Rigaud (1761 – 18 September 1811) was the leading mulatto military leader during the Haitian Revolution.
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Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy-Trioson
Anne-Louis Girodet de Roussy (or de Roucy), also known as Anne-Louis Girodet-Trioson (29 January 17679 December 1824),Long, George.
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Arawak
The Arawak are a group of indigenous peoples of South America and of the Caribbean.
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Atlantic Revolutions
The Atlantic Revolutions were a revolutionary wave in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries.
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Atlantic World
The Atlantic World is the history of the interactions among the peoples and empires bordering the Atlantic Ocean rim from the beginning of the Age of Discovery to the early 21st century.
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Étienne Polverel
Étienne Polverel (1740–1795) was a French lawyer, aristocrat, and revolutionary.
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Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot
The Battle of Crête-à-Pierrot was a major battle of the Haitian Revolution taking place from 4 March until 24 March 1802.
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Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres
The Battle of Ravine-à-Couleuvres (Haitian Creole: Batay Ravin Koulèv), also known as the Battle of Snake Gully, was a major battle of the Haitian Revolution on 23 February 1802.
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Battle of Vertières
The Battle of Vertières (in Haitian Creole Batay Vètyè) was the last major battle of the Second War of Haitian Independence, and the final part of the Haitian Revolution under Jean Jacques Dessalines.
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Blockade of Saint-Domingue
The Blockade of Saint-Domingue was a naval campaign fought during the first months of the Napoleonic Wars, in which a series of British Royal Navy squadrons blockaded the French-held ports of Cap Français and Môle-Saint-Nicolas on the Northern coast of the French colony of Saint-Domingue, shortly to become Haiti following the conclusion of the Haitian Revolution on 1 January 1804.
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Bois Caïman
Bois Caïman (Bwa Kayiman) is the site of the Vodou ceremony during which the first major slave insurrection of the Haitian Revolution was planned.
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Boisrond-Tonnerre
Louis Félix Mathurin Boisrond-Tonnerre (born 6 June 1776; executed 24 October 1806), better known as simply Boisrond-Tonnerre, was a Haitian writer and historian who is best known for having served as Jean-Jacques Dessalines' secretary.
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Bordeaux
Bordeaux (Gascon Occitan: Bordèu) is a port city on the Garonne in the Gironde department in Southwestern France.
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Breaking wheel
The breaking wheel, also known as the Catherine wheel or simply the wheel, was a torture device used for public execution from antiquity into early modern times by breaking a criminal's bones and/or bludgeoning them to death.
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Brown University
Brown University is a private Ivy League research university in Providence, Rhode Island, United States.
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Bug-Jargal
Bug-Jargal is a novel by the French writer Victor Hugo.
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C. L. R. James
Cyril Lionel Robert James (4 January 1901 – 31 May 1989), who sometimes wrote under the pen-name J. R. Johnson, was an Afro-Trinidadian historian, journalist and socialist.
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Cap-Haïtien
Cap-Haïtien (Kap Ayisyen; Cape Haitian) often referred to as Le Cap or Au Cap, is a commune of about 190,000 people on the north coast of Haiti and capital of the department of Nord.
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Captaincy General of Santo Domingo
The Captaincy General of Santo Domingo (Capitanía General de Santo Domingo) was the first colony in the New World and was claimed for Spain.
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Caribbean
The Caribbean is a region that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean) and the surrounding coasts.
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Caste
Caste is a form of social stratification characterized by endogamy, hereditary transmission of a lifestyle which often includes an occupation, status in a hierarchy, customary social interaction, and exclusion.
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Cécile Fatiman
Cécile Fatiman (fl. 1791), was a Haitian vodou priestess, a mambo (Voodoo).
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Charles Grey, 1st Earl Grey
Charles Grey, 1st Earl Grey, KB, PC (circa 23 October 1729 – 14 November 1807) served as a British general in the 18th century.
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Charles Leclerc
Charles Victoire Emmanuel Leclerc (17 March 1772 – 2 November 1802) was a French Army general who served under Napoleon Bonaparte during the French Revolution.
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Charles Rivière-Hérard
Charles Rivière-Hérard also known as Charles Hérard aîné (16 February 1789 – 31 August 1850) was an officer in the Haitian Army under Alexandre Pétion during his struggles against Henri Christophe.
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Citadelle Laferrière
The Citadelle Laferrière or, Citadelle Henry Christophe, or simply the Citadelle (Citadel), is a large mountaintop fortress in Nord, Haiti, located on top of the mountain Bonnet a L’Eveque, approximately south of the city of Cap-Haïtien, southwest of the Three Bays Protected Area, and uphill from the town of Milot.
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Civil and political rights
Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals.
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Code Noir
The Code Noir (Black Code) was a decree originally passed by France's King Louis XIV in 1685.
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Colonization
Colonization (or colonisation) is a process by which a central system of power dominates the surrounding land and its components.
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Dédée Bazile
Marie Sainte Dédée Bazile (fl. 1806), known as Défilée and Défilée-La-Folle, is a figure of the Haitian Revolution.
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Death by burning
Deliberately causing death through the effects of combustion, or effects of exposure to extreme heat, has a long history as a form of capital punishment.
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Declaration of the Rights of the Man and of the Citizen of 1789
The Declaration of the Rights of the Man and of the Citizen of 1789 (Déclaration des droits de l'homme et du citoyen de 1789), set by France's National Constituent Assembly in 1789, is a human civil rights document from the French Revolution.
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Democracy Now!
Democracy Now! is an hour-long American TV, radio and internet news program hosted by journalists Amy Goodman and Juan González.
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Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau
Donatien-Marie-Joseph de Vimeur, vicomte de Rochambeau (7 April 1755 – 20 October 1813) was a French soldier, the son of Jean-Baptiste Donatien de Vimeur, comte de Rochambeau.
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Dutty Boukman
Dutty Boukman (Also known as "Boukman Dutty") (died 7 November 1791) was an early leader of the Haitian Revolution, enslaved in Jamaica and later in Haiti.
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Faustin Soulouque
Faustin-Élie Soulouque (15 August 1782 – 6 August 1867) was a career officer and general in the Haitian Army when he was elected President of Haiti in 1847.
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Federico Carlos Gravina y Nápoli
Don Federico Carlos Gravina y Nápoli (August 12, 1756 - March 9, 1806) was a Spanish Admiral during the American Revolution and Napoleonic Wars.
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First Empire of Haiti
The First Empire of Haiti (Empire d'Haïti; Haitian Creole: Anpi an Ayiti) was an elective monarchy in North America.
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Fon people
The Fon people, also called Fon nu, Agadja or Dahomey, are a major African ethnic and linguistic group.
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Fort de Joux
The Fort de Joux or Château de Joux is a castle, transformed into a fort, located in La Cluse-et-Mijoux in the Doubs department in the Jura mountains of France.
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François Capois
François Capois (or François Cappoix; 1766 – October 8, 1806, nicknamed Capois-La-Mort, also Cappoix-la-Mort, meaning "Capois-Death") was a Haitian officer in the Haitian Revolution (1791–1794) for independence from France.
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François Mackandal
François Mackandal (died 1758) was a Haitian Maroon leader in Saint-Domingue.
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Free people of color
In the context of the history of slavery in the Americas, free people of color (French: gens de couleur libres, Spanish: gente libre de color) were people of mixed African and European descent who were not enslaved.
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French Army
The French Army, officially the Ground Army (Armée de terre) (to distinguish it from the French Air Force, Armée de L'air or Air Army) is the land-based and largest component of the French Armed Forces.
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French colonial empire
The French colonial empire constituted the overseas colonies, protectorates and mandate territories that came under French rule from the 16th century onward.
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French First Republic
In the history of France, the First Republic (French: Première République), officially the French Republic (République française), was founded on 22 September 1792 during the French Revolution.
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French Revolution
The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.
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French Revolutionary Wars
The French Revolutionary Wars were a series of sweeping military conflicts lasting from 1792 until 1802 and resulting from the French Revolution.
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Gabriel Marie Joseph, comte d'Hédouville
Gabriel-Marie-Théodore-Joseph, comte d'Hédouville (27 July 1755 in Laon, Aisne – 30 March 1825) (also Thomas Hedouville) was a French soldier and diplomat.
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Gens de couleur
Gens de couleur is a French term meaning "people of color".
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Georges Biassou
Georges Biassou (1741, Haiti – 1801, Saint Augustine, Florida) was an early leader of the 1791 slave rising in Saint-Domingue that began the Haitian Revolution.
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Gonaïves
Gonaïves (Gonayiv) is a commune in northern Haiti, and the capital of the Artibonite department of Haiti.
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Grand-Goâve
Grand Goâve (Grangwav) is a commune in the Léogâne Arrondissement in the Ouest department of southwestern Haiti.
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Guadeloupe
Guadeloupe (Antillean Creole: Gwadloup) is an insular region of France located in the Leeward Islands, part of the Lesser Antilles in the Caribbean.
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Guillaume Thomas François Raynal
Guillaume Thomas Raynal (12 April 1713 – 6 March 1796) was a French writer and man of letters during the Age of Enlightenment.
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Haiti
Haiti (Haïti; Ayiti), officially the Republic of Haiti and formerly called Hayti, is a sovereign state located on the island of Hispaniola in the Greater Antilles archipelago of the Caribbean Sea.
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Haitian Creole
Haitian Creole (kreyòl ayisyen,; créole haïtien) is a French-based creole language spoken by 9.6–12million people worldwide, and the only language of most Haitians.
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Haitian Vodou
Haitian Vodou (also written as Vaudou; known commonly as Voodoo, sometimes as Vodun, Vodoun, Vodu, or Vaudoux) is a syncretic religion practiced chiefly in Haiti and the Haitian diaspora.
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Henri Christophe
Henry Christophe (6 October 1767 – 8 October 1820) was a former slave of Bambara ethnicity in West Africa, and perhaps of Igbo descent, and key leader in the Haitian Revolution, which succeeded in gaining independence from France in 1804.
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Hispaniola
Hispaniola (Spanish: La Española; Latin and French: Hispaniola; Haitian Creole: Ispayola; Taíno: Haiti) is an island in the Caribbean island group, the Greater Antilles.
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History of sugar
Sugar is a common part of human life.
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Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, Count of Mirabeau (9 March 17492 April 1791) was a leader of the early stages of the French Revolution.
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House of Bourbon
The House of Bourbon is a European royal house of French origin, a branch of the Capetian dynasty.
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Hyde Parker (Royal Navy officer, born 1739)
Sir Hyde Parker (1739 – 16 March 1807) was an admiral of the British Royal Navy.
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Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas. Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by indigenous peoples; some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama and Peru. At least a thousand different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages and Nahuatl, count their speakers in millions. Many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects but also cater to modern needs. Some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture, and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.
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Insurgency
An insurgency is a rebellion against authority (for example, an authority recognized as such by the United Nations) when those taking part in the rebellion are not recognized as belligerents (lawful combatants).
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Irrigation
Irrigation is the application of controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals.
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Isabel Allende
Isabel Allende (born August 2, 1942) is a Chilean writer.
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Island Beneath the Sea
Island Beneath the Sea (La Isla Bajo el Mar) is a 2009 novel by Chilean author Isabel Allende.
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Jacmel
Jacmel, (Jakmèl; Yáquimo) is a commune in southern Haiti founded by the Spanish in 1504 and repopulated by the French in 1698.
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Jacobin
The Society of the Friends of the Constitution (Société des amis de la Constitution), after 1792 renamed Society of the Jacobins, Friends of Freedom and Equality (Société des Jacobins, amis de la liberté et de l'égalité), commonly known as the Jacobin Club (Club des Jacobins) or simply the Jacobins, was the most influential political club during the French Revolution.
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Jacobin (magazine)
Jacobin is a left-wing quarterly magazine based in New York offering socialist and anti-capitalist perspectives on politics, economics and culture from the American left.
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Jamaica
Jamaica is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.
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January Suchodolski
January Suchodolski (September 19, 1797 – March 20, 1875) was a Polish painter and Army officer.
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Jean-Baptiste Belley
Jean-Baptiste Belley (c. 1746 – 1805) was a native of Senegal and former slave from Saint-Domingue in the French West Indies who during the period of the French Revolution became a member of the National Convention and the Council of Five Hundred of France.
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Jean-François Papillon
Jean-François Papillon (died in the early 1800s) was one of the principal leaders in the Haitian Revolution against slavery and French rule.
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Jean-Jacques Dessalines
Jean-Jacques Dessalines (Haitian Creole: Jan-Jak Desalin;; 20 September 1758 – 17 October 1806) was a leader of the Haitian Revolution and the first ruler of an independent Haiti under the 1805 constitution.
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Jean-Pierre Boyer
Jean-Pierre Boyer (possibly 15 February 1776 – 9 July 1850) was one of the leaders of the Haitian Revolution, and President of Haiti from 1818 to 1843.
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John Ford (Royal Navy officer)
Vice-Admiral John Ford (died 1796) was a Royal Navy officer who served as Commander-in-Chief of the Jamaica Station.
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John Graves Simcoe
John Graves Simcoe (25 February 1752 – 26 October 1806) was a British Army general and the first Lieutenant Governor of Upper Canada from 1791 until 1796 in southern Ontario and the watersheds of Georgian Bay and Lake Superior.
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John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent
Admiral of the Fleet John Jervis, 1st Earl of St Vincent (9 January 1735 – 14 March 1823) was an admiral in the Royal Navy and Member of Parliament in the United Kingdom.
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John Loring (Royal Navy officer, died 1808)
John Loring (died 9 November 1808) was an officer in the Royal Navy who served during the American War of Independence and the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars.
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Joseph Balthazar Inginac
Joseph Balthazar Inginac (also known as Balthazar Inginac) (1775 in Leogane - 1874) in Leogane - was a Haitian diplomat and member of the presidential inner circle.
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Julien Raimond
Julien Raimond (1744–1801) was an indigo planter in the French colony of Saint-Domingue, now the Republic of Haiti, who became a leader in its revolution and the formation of Haiti.
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Kimathi Donkor
Kimathi Donkor (born in 1965) is a contemporary British artist whose large-scale figurative paintings are "genuine cornucopias of interwoven reference: to Western art, social and political events, and to the artist's own biography".
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Kingdom of France (1791–92)
The Kingdom of France as remnant of the preceding absolute Kingdom of France, was a constitutional monarchy that governed France from 3 September 1791 until 21 September 1792, when this constitutional monarchy was succeeded by the First Republic.
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Kingdom of Kongo
The Kingdom of Kongo (Kongo: Kongo dya Ntotila or Wene wa Kongo; Portuguese: Reino do Congo) was an African kingdom located in west central Africa in what is now northern Angola, Cabinda, the Republic of the Congo, the western portion of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, as well as the southernmost part of Gabon.
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Lamour Desrances
Lamour Desrances (also spelled L'Amour Desrances, Lamour Derance, and Lamour Dérance) was a Haitian revolutionary leader.
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Léger-Félicité Sonthonax
Léger-Félicité Sonthonax (1763–1813) was a French abolitionist and Jacobin before joining the Girondist party, which emerged in 1791.
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Léogâne
Léogâne (Leyogàn) is one of the coastal communes in Haiti.
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Les Cayes
Les Cayes, often referred to as Aux Cayes (Okay), is a commune and seaport in the Les Cayes Arrondissement, in the Sud department of Haiti, with a population of 71,236.
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Library of Congress
The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the de facto national library of the United States.
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Library of Congress Country Studies
The Country Studies are works published by the Federal Research Division of the United States Library of Congress, freely available for use by researchers.
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Louis Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse
Louis-Thomas Villaret de Joyeuse (Auch, 29 May 1747Granier, p.87Some biographers give a date of 1750 (Levot, p.541). Granier quotes the registers of Sainte-Marie parish. – Venice, 24 July 1812Levot, p.544) was a French admiral.
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Louis XIV of France
Louis XIV (Louis Dieudonné; 5 September 16381 September 1715), known as Louis the Great (Louis le Grand) or the Sun King (Roi Soleil), was a monarch of the House of Bourbon who reigned as King of France from 1643 until his death in 1715.
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Louisiana Purchase
The Louisiana Purchase (Vente de la Louisiane "Sale of Louisiana") was the acquisition of the Louisiana territory (828,000 square miles or 2.14 million km²) by the United States from France in 1803.
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Louisiana Territory
The Territory of Louisiana or Louisiana Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from July 4, 1805, until June 4, 1812, when it was renamed the Missouri Territory.
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Lynn Ahrens
Lynn Ahrens (born October 1, 1948) is an American writer and lyricist for the musical theatre, television and film.
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MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies
The Whitney and Betty MacMillan Center for International and Area Studies at Yale, commonly known as the MacMillan Center, is a research and educational center for international affairs and area studies at Yale University.
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Madison Smartt Bell
Madison Smartt Bell (born August 1, 1957 Nashville, Tennessee) is an American novelist.
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Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.
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Marcus Rainsford
Captain Marcus Rainsford (circa 1758 – 4 November 1817) was an officer in the British Army, serving in the Battle of Camden 1780, during the American Revolutionary War.
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Marie-Claire Heureuse Félicité
Marie-Claire Heureuse Félicité Bonheur (1758 – 8 August 1858) was the Empress of Haiti (1804–1806) as the spouse of Jean-Jacques Dessalines.
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Marie-Jeanne Lamartiniére
Marie-Jeanne Lamartiniére (fl. 1802), known in history only as Marie-Jeanne, was a Haitian soldier.
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Marie-Louise Coidavid
Marie Louise Coidavid (1778– March 11, 1851), was the Queen of the Kingdom of Haiti 1811–20 as the spouse of Henri I of Haiti.
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Marie-Madeleine Lachenais
Marie-Madeleine Lachenais, known as Joute (Arcahaie, Haiti 1778 – Kingston, Jamaica 22 July 1843), was a de facto Haitian politician.
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Maroon (people)
Maroons were Africans who had escaped from slavery in the Americas and mixed with the indigenous peoples of the Americas, and formed independent settlements.
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Martinique
Martinique is an insular region of France located in the Lesser Antilles of the West Indies in the eastern Caribbean Sea, with a land area of and a population of 385,551 inhabitants as of January 2013.
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Maximilien Robespierre
Maximilien François Marie Isidore de Robespierre (6 May 1758 – 28 July 1794) was a French lawyer and politician, as well as one of the best known and most influential figures associated with the French Revolution and the Reign of Terror.
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Môle-Saint-Nicolas
Môle-Saint-Nicolas (Mòlsennikola or Omòl) is a commune in the north-western coast of Haiti.
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Mortality rate
Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.
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Mount Vesuvius
Mount Vesuvius (Monte Vesuvio; Vesuvio; Mons Vesuvius; also Vesevus or Vesaevus in some Roman sources) is a somma-stratovolcano located on the Gulf of Naples in Campania, Italy, about east of Naples and a short distance from the shore.
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Multiracial
Multiracial is defined as made up of or relating to people of many races.
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Napoleon
Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.
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Napoleon's Crimes
Napoleon's Crimes: A Blueprint for Hitler (Le Crime de Napoléon) is a book published in 2005 by French writer Claude Ribbe, who is of Caribbean origin.
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Napoleonic Wars
The Napoleonic Wars (1803–1815) were a series of major conflicts pitting the French Empire and its allies, led by Napoleon I, against a fluctuating array of European powers formed into various coalitions, financed and usually led by the United Kingdom.
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Nation state
A nation state (or nation-state), in the most specific sense, is a country where a distinct cultural or ethnic group (a "nation" or "people") inhabits a territory and have formed a state (often a sovereign state) that they predominantly govern.
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National Assembly (France)
The National Assembly (Assemblée nationale) is the lower house of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic, the upper house being the Senate (Sénat).
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National Assembly (French Revolution)
During the French Revolution, the National Assembly (Assemblée nationale), which existed from 13 June 1789 to 9 July 1789, was a revolutionary assembly formed by the representatives of the Third Estate of the Estates-General; thereafter (until replaced by the Legislative Assembly on 30 Sept 1791) it was known as the National Constituent Assembly (Assemblée nationale constituante), though popularly the shorter form persisted.
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National Convention
The National Convention (Convention nationale) was the first government of the French Revolution, following the two-year National Constituent Assembly and the one-year Legislative Assembly.
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Nord (Haitian department)
Nord (Nò, North) is one of the ten departments of Haiti.
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Nord-Ouest (department)
Nord-Ouest (Nòdwès, North-West) is one of the ten departments of Haiti as well as the northernmost one.
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Once on This Island
Once on This Island is a one-act musical with a book and lyrics by Lynn Ahrens and music by Stephen Flaherty.
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Ouest (department)
Ouest (West, Lwès) is one of the ten departments of Haiti.
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Patois
Patois (pl. same or) is speech or language that is considered nonstandard, although the term is not formally defined in linguistics.
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Paul Fregosi
Paul Fregosi, born in Marseilles and educated in Britain, was a journalist and author of the books Dreams of Empire: Napoleon and the First World War 1792-1815 and Jihad in the West: Muslim Conquests from the 7th to the 21st Centuries.
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Pauline Bonaparte
Pauline Bonaparte (20 October 1780 – 9 June 1825) was an Italian noblewoman, the first sovereign Duchess of Guastalla in Italy, an imperial French Princess and the Princess consort of Sulmona and Rossano.
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PBS
The Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) is an American public broadcaster and television program distributor.
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Peace of Basel
The Peace of Basel of 1795 consists of three peace treaties involving France during the French Revolution (represented by François de Barthélemy).
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Petit-Goâve
Petit-Goâve (Piti gwav) is a coastal commune in the Léogâne Arrondissement in the Ouest department of Haiti.
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Philibert François Rouxel de Blanchelande
Philippe (or Philibert) François Rouxel, viscount de Blanchelande (21 February 1735 in Dijon – 15 April 1793 in guillotined in Paris) was a French general.
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Philippe Guerrier
Jean-Jacques Louis Philippe Guerrier (December 19, 1757 – April 15, 1845) was a career officer and general in the Haitian Army who became President of Haïti on May 3, 1844.
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Plaine-du-Nord
Plaine-du-Nord (Plèn dinò) is a commune in the Acul-du-Nord Arrondissement, in the Nord department of Haiti.
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Plantation economy
A plantation economy is an economy based on agricultural mass production, usually of a few commodity crops grown on large farms called plantations.
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Plantocracy
A plantocracy, also known as a slavocracy, is a ruling class, political order or government composed of (or dominated by) plantation owners.
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Polish Legions (Napoleonic period)
The Polish Legions (Legiony Polskie we Włoszech; also known as the Dąbrowski Legions) in the Napoleonic period, were several Polish military units that served with the French Army, mainly from 1797 to 1803, although some units continued to serve until 1815.
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Polyandry
Polyandry (from πολυ- poly-, "many" and ἀνήρ anēr, "man") is a form of polygamy in which a woman takes two or more husbands at the same time.
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Pompée Valentin Vastey
Pompée Valentin Vastey (1781 - 1820), or Pompée Valentin, Baron de Vastey, was a Haitian writer, educator, and politician.
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Port-au-Prince
Port-au-Prince (Pòtoprens) is the capital and most populous city of Haiti.
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Quasi-War
The Quasi-War (Quasi-guerre) was an undeclared war fought almost entirely at sea between the United States and France from 1798 to 1800.
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Ralph Abercromby
Sir Ralph Abercromby (sometimes spelt Abercrombie) (7 October 173428 March 1801) was a Scottish soldier and politician.
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Religion in Africa
Religion in Africa is multifaceted and has been a major influence on art, culture and philosophy.
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Republic of Spanish Haiti
The Republic of Spanish Haiti (República del Haití Español), also called Independent State of Spanish Haiti (Estado Independiente del Haití Español) was the independent state that resulted from the defeat of Spanish colonialists from Santo Domingo on November 9, 1821, led by General José Núñez de Cáceres.
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Revolution
In political science, a revolution (Latin: revolutio, "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolt against the government, typically due to perceived oppression (political, social, economic).
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Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.
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Rosa Guy
Rosa Cuthbert Guy (September 1, 1922Margalit Fox,, New York Times, June 7, 2012. – June 3, 2012) was a Trinidad-born American writer who grew up in the New York metropolitan area.
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Saint-Domingue
Saint-Domingue was a French colony on the Caribbean island of Hispaniola from 1659 to 1804.
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Saint-Domingue expedition
The Saint-Domingue expedition was a French military expedition sent by Napoleon Bonaparte, then First Consul, under his brother-in-law Charles Victor Emmanuel Leclerc in an attempt to regain French control of the Caribbean colony of Saint-Domingue on the island of Hispaniola, and curtail the measures of independence taken by the former slave Toussaint Louverture.
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Sanité Bélair
Suzanne Béliar, called Sanité Bélair, (1781 – 5 October 1802), was a Haitian Freedom fighter and revolutionary, lieutenant in the army of Toussaint Louverture.
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Sir John Duckworth, 1st Baronet
Sir John Thomas Duckworth, 1st Baronet, GCB (9 February 1748 – 31 August 1817) was an officer of the Royal Navy, serving during the Seven Years' War, the American War of Independence, the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as the Governor of Newfoundland during the War of 1812, and a member of the British House of Commons during his semi-retirement.
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Slave rebellion
A slave rebellion is an armed uprising by slaves.
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Slavery
Slavery is any system in which principles of property law are applied to people, allowing individuals to own, buy and sell other individuals, as a de jure form of property.
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Slavery in the United States
Slavery in the United States was the legal institution of human chattel enslavement, primarily of Africans and African Americans, that existed in the United States of America in the 18th and 19th centuries.
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Social capital
Social capital is a form of economic and cultural capital in which social networks are central; transactions are marked by reciprocity, trust, and cooperation; and market agents produce goods and services not mainly for themselves, but for a common good.
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Socialism
Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership and democratic control of the means of production as well as the political theories and movements associated with them.
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Southern United States
The Southern United States, also known as the American South, Dixie, Dixieland, or simply the South, is a region of the United States of America.
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Spanish Empire
The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español; Imperium Hispanicum), historically known as the Hispanic Monarchy (Monarquía Hispánica) and as the Catholic Monarchy (Monarquía Católica) was one of the largest empires in history.
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Spartacus
Spartacus (Σπάρτακος; Spartacus; c. 111–71 BC) was a Thracian gladiator who, along with the Gauls Crixus, Gannicus, Castus, and Oenomaus, was one of the escaped slave leaders in the Third Servile War, a major slave uprising against the Roman Republic.
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Stephen Flaherty
Stephen Flaherty (born September 18, 1960) is an American composer of musical theatre.
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Sud (department)
Sud (Sid, South) is one of the ten departments of Haiti.
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Suffrage
Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote).
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Sugar plantations in the Caribbean
Sugar was the main crop produced on plantations throughout the Caribbean through the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries.
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Sugarcane
Sugarcane, or sugar cane, are several species of tall perennial true grasses of the genus Saccharum, tribe Andropogoneae, native to the warm temperate to tropical regions of South and Southeast Asia, Polynesia and Melanesia, and used for sugar production.
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Sulfur dioxide
Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide in British English) is the chemical compound with the formula.
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Suzanne Simone Baptiste Louverture
Suzanne Simone Baptiste Louverture (around 1742 – May 19, 1816 in Agen, France) was the wife of Toussaint Louverture and the "Dame-Consort" of the French colony of Saint-Domingue.
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Switzerland in the Napoleonic era
During the French Revolutionary Wars, the revolutionary armies marched eastward, enveloping Switzerland in their battles against Austria.
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The Black Jacobins
The Black Jacobins: Toussaint L'Ouverture and the San Domingo Revolution is a 1938 book by Afro-Trinidadian historian C. L. R. James, a history of the Haitian Revolution of 1791–1804.
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The Kingdom of This World
The Kingdom of This World (El reino de este mundo) is a novel by Cuban author Alejo Carpentier, published in 1949 in his native Spanish and first translated into English in 1957.
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Third Servile War
The Third Servile War, also called by Plutarch the Gladiator War and The War of Spartacus, was the last in a series of slave rebellions against the Roman Republic, known collectively as the Servile Wars.
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Thomas Maitland (British Army officer)
Lieutenant General The Right Honourable Sir Thomas Maitland (10 March 1760 – 17 January 1824) was a British soldier and colonial governor.
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Tiburon Peninsula
The Tiburon Peninsula (Péninsule de Tiburon), or simply "the Tiburon" (le Tiburon), is a region of Haiti encompassing most of Haiti's southern coast.
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Top Five
Top Five is a 2014 American comedy film written and directed by Chris Rock.
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Toussaint Louverture
François-Dominique Toussaint Louverture (9 May 1743 – 7 April 1803), also known as Toussaint L'Ouverture or Toussaint Bréda, was the best-known leader of the Haitian Revolution.
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Towson University
Towson University, often referred to as TU or simply Towson for short, is a public university located in Towson in Baltimore County, Maryland, United States.
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Unification of Hispaniola
The Unification of Hispaniola was a forceful annexation of briefly independent Republic of Spanish Haiti (formerly Santo Domingo) into the Republic of Haiti, that lasted twenty-two years, from 9 February 1822 to 27 February 1844.
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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was established by the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland.
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University of Texas at Austin
The University of Texas at Austin (UT, UT Austin, or Texas) is a public research university and the flagship institution of the University of Texas System.
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Vincent Ogé
Vincent Ogé (c.1755–1791) was a wealthy free man of mixed race descent and the instigator of a revolt against white colonial authority in French Saint-Domingue that lasted from October to December 1790 in the area outside Cap-Français, the colony's main city.
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War of Knives
The War of Knives (French: Guerre des couteaux), also known as the War of the South, was a civil war from June 1799 to July 1800 between the Haitian revolutionary Toussaint Louverture, a black ex-slave who controlled the north of Saint-Domingue (modern-day Haiti), and his adversary André Rigaud, a mixed-race free person of color who controlled the south.
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William Dietrich (novelist)
William Dietrich (born September 29, 1951) is an American novelist, non-fiction writer, journalist, and college professor.
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William Pitt the Younger
William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 – 23 January 1806) was a prominent British Tory statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.
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Yellow fever
Yellow fever is a viral disease of typically short duration.
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Yoruba people
The Yoruba people (name spelled also: Ioruba or Joruba;, lit. 'Yoruba lineage'; also known as Àwon omo Yorùbá, lit. 'Children of Yoruba', or simply as the Yoruba) are an ethnic group of southwestern and north-central Nigeria, as well as southern and central Benin.
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1804 Haiti massacre
The 1804 Haiti massacre was carried out against the remaining white population of native French people and French Creoles (or Franco-Haitians) in Haiti by Haitian soldiers under orders from Jean-Jacques Dessalines.
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1811 German Coast uprising
The 1811 German Coast uprising was a revolt of black slaves in parts of the Territory of Orleans on January 8–10, 1811.
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Redirects here:
Emancipation In Saint Domingue, Haitian Legacy of Liberation, Haitian Rebellion, Haitian Slave Revolt, Haitian revolution, Haïtian Revolution, John Bookman, San Domingo Revolution, Santo Domingo Rebellion, Santo Domingo rebellion, Second War of Haitian Independence, St. Domingue Slave Revolt.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haitian_Revolution
