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Hiberno-English

Index Hiberno-English

Hiberno-English or Irish English (IrE), also formerly sometimes called Anglo-Irish, is the set of English dialects native to Ireland, here including the whole island: both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 189 relations: Adposition, African-American Vernacular English, Alveolar consonant, Alveolar stop, Anglo-Frisian languages, Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland, Anglo-Norman language, Apical consonant, Australia, Avalon Peninsula, Avant-garde, Bathroom, Belfast, British English, Broad and general accents, Canada, Cashel, County Tipperary, Central vowel, Collins English Dictionary, Connacht, Conservative and innovative language, Consonant, Consonant cluster, Cornwall, Cot–caught merger, Counties of Ireland, County Cork, County Kildare, County Mayo, County Meath, County Sligo, County Wexford, County Wicklow, Cuchulain of Muirthemne, Dara Ó Briain, Dáil Éireann, De Gruyter, Delft, Delftware, Dialect, Diphthong, Donal MacIntyre, Dublin, Dublin 4, Dublin English, Early Modern English, Early modern period, Echo answer, Elizabethan era, England, ... Expand index (139 more) »

  2. British English
  3. Languages attested from the 12th century
  4. Languages of Ireland
  5. Languages of Northern Ireland

Adposition

Adpositions are a class of words used to express spatial or temporal relations (in, under, towards, behind, ago, etc.) or mark various semantic roles (of, for).

See Hiberno-English and Adposition

African-American Vernacular English

African-American Vernacular English (AAVE) is the variety of English natively spoken, particularly in urban communities, by most working- and middle-class African Americans and some Black Canadians. Hiberno-English and African-American Vernacular English are dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and African-American Vernacular English

Alveolar consonant

Alveolar (UK also) consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the upper teeth.

See Hiberno-English and Alveolar consonant

Alveolar stop

In phonetics and phonology, an alveolar stop is a type of consonantal sound, made with the tongue in contact with the alveolar ridge located just behind the teeth (hence alveolar), held tightly enough to block the passage of air (hence a stop consonant).

See Hiberno-English and Alveolar stop

Anglo-Frisian languages

The Anglo-Frisian languages are the Anglic (English, Scots, Fingallian†, and Yola†) and Frisian (North Frisian, East Frisian, and West Frisian) varieties of the West Germanic languages.

See Hiberno-English and Anglo-Frisian languages

Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland

The Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland took place during the late 12th century, when Anglo-Normans gradually conquered and acquired large swathes of land from the Irish, over which the kings of England then claimed sovereignty, all allegedly sanctioned by the papal bull Laudabiliter.

See Hiberno-English and Anglo-Norman invasion of Ireland

Anglo-Norman language

Anglo-Norman (Anglo-Normaund), also known as Anglo-Norman French, was a dialect of Old Norman that was used in England and, to a lesser extent, other places in Great Britain and Ireland during the Anglo-Norman period.

See Hiberno-English and Anglo-Norman language

Apical consonant

An apical consonant is a phone (speech sound) produced by obstructing the air passage with the tip of the tongue (apex) in conjunction with upper articulators from lips to postalveolar, and possibly prepalatal.

See Hiberno-English and Apical consonant

Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands.

See Hiberno-English and Australia

Avalon Peninsula

The Avalon Peninsula (Péninsule d'Avalon) is a large peninsula that makes up the southeast portion of the island of Newfoundland in Canada.

See Hiberno-English and Avalon Peninsula

Avant-garde

In the arts and in literature, the term avant-garde (from French meaning advance guard and vanguard) identifies an experimental genre, or work of art, and the artist who created it; which usually is aesthetically innovative, whilst initially being ideologically unacceptable to the artistic establishment of the time.

See Hiberno-English and Avant-garde

Bathroom

A bathroom is a room in which people wash their bodies or parts of their bodies.

See Hiberno-English and Bathroom

Belfast

Belfast (from Béal Feirste) is the capital city and principal port of Northern Ireland, standing on the banks of the River Lagan and connected to the open sea through Belfast Lough and the North Channel.

See Hiberno-English and Belfast

British English

British English is the set of varieties of the English language native to the island of Great Britain. Hiberno-English and British English are dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and British English

Broad and general accents

The distinction between broad and general accents is a socio-economic-linguistic contrast made between different accents of the same language, typically spoken in a single geographical location and perceived by the language users themselves.

See Hiberno-English and Broad and general accents

Canada

Canada is a country in North America.

See Hiberno-English and Canada

Cashel, County Tipperary

Cashel is a town in County Tipperary in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Cashel, County Tipperary

Central vowel

A central vowel, formerly also known as a mixed vowel, is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.

See Hiberno-English and Central vowel

Collins English Dictionary

The Collins English Dictionary is a printed and online dictionary of English.

See Hiberno-English and Collins English Dictionary

Connacht

Connacht or Connaught (Connachta or Cúige Chonnacht), is one of the four provinces of Ireland, in the west of Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Connacht

Conservative and innovative language

In linguistics, a conservative form, variety, or feature of a language is one that has changed relatively little across the language's history, or which is relatively resistant to change.

See Hiberno-English and Conservative and innovative language

Consonant

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract, except for the h, which is pronounced without any stricture in the vocal tract.

See Hiberno-English and Consonant

Consonant cluster

In linguistics, a consonant cluster, consonant sequence or consonant compound, is a group of consonants which have no intervening vowel.

See Hiberno-English and Consonant cluster

Cornwall

Cornwall (Kernow;; or) is a ceremonial county in South West England.

See Hiberno-English and Cornwall

Cot–caught merger

The cot–caught merger, also known as the merger or low back merger, is a sound change present in some dialects of English where speakers do not distinguish the vowel phonemes in words like cot versus caught. Hiberno-English and cot–caught merger are dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and Cot–caught merger

Counties of Ireland

The counties of Ireland (Irish: Contaetha na hÉireann) are historic administrative divisions of the island.

See Hiberno-English and Counties of Ireland

County Cork

County Cork (Contae Chorcaí) is the largest and the southernmost county of Ireland, named after the city of Cork, the state's second-largest city. It is in the province of Munster and the Southern Region. Its largest market towns are Mallow, Macroom, Midleton, and Skibbereen., the county had a population of 584,156, making it the third-most populous county in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and County Cork

County Kildare

County Kildare (Contae Chill Dara) is a county in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and County Kildare

County Mayo

County Mayo is a county in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and County Mayo

County Meath

County Meath (Contae na Mí or simply an Mhí) is a county in the Eastern and Midland Region of Ireland, within the province of Leinster.

See Hiberno-English and County Meath

County Sligo

County Sligo (Contae Shligigh) is a county in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and County Sligo

County Wexford

County Wexford (Contae Loch Garman) is a county in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and County Wexford

County Wicklow

County Wicklow (Contae Chill Mhantáin) is a county in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and County Wicklow

Cuchulain of Muirthemne

Cuchulain of Muirthemne is a version of the Cú Chulainn legends based on previous oral and written versions, as collected and translated by Lady Augusta Gregory.

See Hiberno-English and Cuchulain of Muirthemne

Dara Ó Briain

Dara Ó Briain (born 4 February 1972) is an Irish comedian and television presenter based in the United Kingdom.

See Hiberno-English and Dara Ó Briain

Dáil Éireann

Dáil Éireann is the lower house, and principal chamber, of the Oireachtas (Irish legislature), which also includes the president of Ireland and a senate called Seanad Éireann.

See Hiberno-English and Dáil Éireann

De Gruyter

Walter de Gruyter GmbH, known as De Gruyter, is a German scholarly publishing house specializing in academic literature.

See Hiberno-English and De Gruyter

Delft

Delft is a city and municipality in the province of South Holland, Netherlands.

See Hiberno-English and Delft

Delftware

Delftware or Delft pottery, also known as Delft Blue (Delfts blauw) or as delf, is a general term now used for Dutch tin-glazed earthenware, a form of faience.

See Hiberno-English and Delftware

Dialect

Dialect (from Latin,, from the Ancient Greek word, 'discourse', from, 'through' and, 'I speak') refers to two distinctly different types of linguistic relationships.

See Hiberno-English and Dialect

Diphthong

A diphthong, also known as a gliding vowel or a vowel glide, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable.

See Hiberno-English and Diphthong

Donal MacIntyre

Donal MacIntyre is an Irish investigative journalist, specialising in investigations, undercover operations and television exposés.

See Hiberno-English and Donal MacIntyre

Dublin

Dublin is the capital of the Republic of Ireland and also the largest city by size on the island of Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Dublin

Dublin 4

Dublin 4, also rendered as D4 and D04, is a historic postal district of Dublin, Ireland including Baggot Street Upper, the southernmost fringes of the Dublin Docklands, and the suburbs of Ballsbridge, Donnybrook, Irishtown, Merrion, Ringsend (including South Lotts and parts of Grand Canal Dock) and Sandymount, on the Southside of Dublin.

See Hiberno-English and Dublin 4

Dublin English

Dublin English is the collection of diverse varieties of Hiberno-English spoken in the metropolitan area of Dublin, the capital of the Republic of Ireland. Hiberno-English and Dublin English are dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and Dublin English

Early Modern English

Early Modern English (sometimes abbreviated EModEFor example, or EMnE) or Early New English (ENE) is the stage of the English language from the beginning of the Tudor period to the English Interregnum and Restoration, or from the transition from Middle English, in the late 15th century, to the transition to Modern English, in the mid-to-late 17th century.

See Hiberno-English and Early Modern English

Early modern period

The early modern period is a historical period that is part of the modern period based primarily on the history of Europe and the broader concept of modernity.

See Hiberno-English and Early modern period

Echo answer

In linguistics, an echo answer or echo response is a way of answering a polar question without using words for yes and no.

See Hiberno-English and Echo answer

Elizabethan era

The Elizabethan era is the epoch in the Tudor period of the history of England during the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603).

See Hiberno-English and Elizabethan era

England

England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

See Hiberno-English and England

English alphabet

Modern English is written with a Latin-script alphabet consisting of 26 letters, with each having both uppercase and lowercase forms.

See Hiberno-English and English alphabet

English auxiliary verbs

English auxiliary verbs are a small set of English verbs, which include the English modal auxiliary verbs and a few others.

See Hiberno-English and English auxiliary verbs

English language

English is a West Germanic language in the Indo-European language family, whose speakers, called Anglophones, originated in early medieval England on the island of Great Britain.

See Hiberno-English and English language

English language in Europe

The English language in Europe, as a native language, is mainly spoken in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and English language in Europe

English-language vowel changes before historic /r/

In English, many vowel shifts affect only vowels followed by in rhotic dialects, or vowels that were historically followed by that has been elided in non-rhotic dialects. Hiberno-English and English-language vowel changes before historic /r/ are dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and English-language vowel changes before historic /r/

Epenthesis

In phonology, epenthesis (Greek) means the addition of one or more sounds to a word, especially in the beginning syllable (prothesis) or in the ending syllable (paragoge) or in-between two syllabic sounds in a word.

See Hiberno-English and Epenthesis

Feck

"Feck" (occasionally spelled "fek" or "feic") is a word that has several vernacular meanings and variations in Irish English, Scots, and Middle English.

See Hiberno-English and Feck

Fingal

Fingal is a county in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Fingal

Fingallian

Fingallian or the Fingal dialect is an extinct language formerly spoken in Fingal, Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Fingallian

First language

A first language (L1), native language, native tongue, or mother tongue is the first language a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.

See Hiberno-English and First language

Fricative

A fricative is a consonant produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.

See Hiberno-English and Fricative

Front vowel

A front vowel is a class of vowel sounds used in some spoken languages, its defining characteristic being that the highest point of the tongue is positioned as far forward as possible in the mouth without creating a constriction that would otherwise make it a consonant.

See Hiberno-English and Front vowel

Gaeltacht

A Gaeltacht (Gaeltachtaí) is a district of Ireland, either individually or collectively, where the Irish government recognises that the Irish language is the predominant vernacular, or language of the home.

See Hiberno-English and Gaeltacht

General American English

General American English, known in linguistics simply as General American (abbreviated GA or GenAm), is the umbrella accent of American English spoken by a majority of Americans, encompassing a continuum rather than a single unified accent.

See Hiberno-English and General American English

German grammar

The grammar of the German language is quite similar to that of the other Germanic languages.

See Hiberno-English and German grammar

Germanic languages

The Germanic languages are a branch of the Indo-European language family spoken natively by a population of about 515 million people mainly in Europe, North America, Oceania and Southern Africa.

See Hiberno-English and Germanic languages

Gombeen man

"Gombeen man" is a pejorative Hiberno-English term used in Ireland for a shady, small-time "wheeler-dealer" businessman or politician who is always looking to make a quick profit, often at someone else's expense or through the acceptance of bribes.

See Hiberno-English and Gombeen man

Great Britain

Great Britain (commonly shortened to Britain) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean off the north-west coast of continental Europe, consisting of the countries England, Scotland and Wales.

See Hiberno-English and Great Britain

Grocery store

A grocery store (AE), grocery shop (BE) or simply grocery is a foodservice retail store that primarily retails a general range of food products, which may be fresh or packaged.

See Hiberno-English and Grocery store

Guttural R

Guttural R is the phenomenon whereby a rhotic consonant (an "R-like" sound) is produced in the back of the vocal tract (usually with the uvula) rather than in the front portion thereof and thus as a guttural consonant.

See Hiberno-English and Guttural R

H

H, or h, is the eighth letter of the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, including the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide.

See Hiberno-English and H

H-dropping

H-dropping or aitch-dropping is the deletion of the voiceless glottal fricative or "H-sound",.

See Hiberno-English and H-dropping

Habitual be

Habitual be, also called invariant be, is the use of an uninflected be in African-American English (AAE), Caribbean English and Hiberno-English to mark habitual or extended actions in place of the Standard English inflected forms of be, such as is and are.

See Hiberno-English and Habitual be

Hibernia

Hibernia is the Classical Latin name for Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Hibernia

High rising terminal

The high rising terminal (HRT), also known as rising inflection, upspeak, uptalk, or high rising intonation (HRI), is a feature of some variants of English where declarative sentences can end with a rising pitch similar to that typically found in yes-or-no questions.

See Hiberno-English and High rising terminal

Highland English

Highland English (Hieland Inglis, Beurla na Gaidhealtachd) is the variety of Scottish English spoken by many in Gaelic-speaking areas and the Hebrides. Hiberno-English and Highland English are dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and Highland English

Homophone

A homophone is a word that is pronounced the same (to a varying extent) as another word but differs in meaning.

See Hiberno-English and Homophone

Indo-European languages

The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.

See Hiberno-English and Indo-European languages

Intervocalic consonant

In phonetics and phonology, an intervocalic consonant is a consonant that occurs between two vowels.

See Hiberno-English and Intervocalic consonant

Ireland

Ireland (Éire; Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic Ocean, in north-western Europe.

See Hiberno-English and Ireland

Irish Independent

The Irish Independent is an Irish daily newspaper and online publication which is owned by Independent News & Media (INM), a subsidiary of Mediahuis.

See Hiberno-English and Irish Independent

Irish language

Irish (Standard Irish: Gaeilge), also known as Irish Gaelic or simply Gaelic, is a Goidelic language of the Insular Celtic branch of the Celtic language group, which is a part of the Indo-European language family. Hiberno-English and Irish language are languages of Ireland and languages of Northern Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Irish language

Irish language in Newfoundland

The Irish language was once spoken by some immigrants to the island of Newfoundland before it disappeared in the early 20th century.

See Hiberno-English and Irish language in Newfoundland

Irish syntax

Irish syntax is rather different from that of most Indo-European languages, especially because of its VSO word order.

See Hiberno-English and Irish syntax

Jack (given name)

Jack is a given name, a diminutive of John or Jackson; alternatively, it may be derived from Jacques, the French form of James or Jacob.

See Hiberno-English and Jack (given name)

Jackeen

Jackeen is a pejorative term for someone from Dublin, Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Jackeen

Jackie Healy-Rae

John Patrick Healy (9 March 1931 – 5 December 2014), known as Jackie Healy-Rae, was an Irish Independent politician who served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Kerry South constituency from 1997 to 2011.

See Hiberno-English and Jackie Healy-Rae

John (given name)

John is a common male name in the English language ultimately of Hebrew origin.

See Hiberno-English and John (given name)

John C. Wells

John Christopher Wells (born 11 March 1939) is a British phonetician and Esperantist.

See Hiberno-English and John C. Wells

Labial consonant

Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator.

See Hiberno-English and Labial consonant

Languages of Ireland

There are a number of languages used in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Languages of Ireland

Latin script

The Latin script, also known as the Roman script, is a writing system based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, derived from a form of the Greek alphabet which was in use in the ancient Greek city of Cumae in Magna Graecia.

See Hiberno-English and Latin script

Leinster

Leinster (Laighin or Cúige Laighean) is one of the four provinces of Ireland, in the southeast of Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Leinster

Limerick

Limerick (Luimneach) is a city in western Ireland, in County Limerick.

See Hiberno-English and Limerick

List of dialects of English

Dialects are linguistic varieties that may differ in pronunciation, vocabulary, spelling, and other aspects of grammar. Hiberno-English and List of dialects of English are dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and List of dialects of English

List of English words of Irish origin

This is a list of English-language words from the Irish language with links provided to pronunciation in all three primarily Irish dialects, spoken by native Irish speakers, provided by Foras na Gaeilge.

See Hiberno-English and List of English words of Irish origin

List of Irish words used in the English language

Irish language words used in English in modern Ireland without being assimilated to English forms include.

See Hiberno-English and List of Irish words used in the English language

Manx English

Manx English (Manks English), or Anglo-Manx (Anglo-Manks; Baarle Ghaelgagh), is the historic dialect of English spoken on the Isle of Man, though today in decline. It has many borrowings from Manx, a Goidelic language, and it differs widely from any other variety of English, including dialects from other areas in which Celtic languages are or were spoken, such as Welsh English and Hiberno-English. Hiberno-English and manx English are British English.

See Hiberno-English and Manx English

Markedness

In linguistics and social sciences, markedness is the state of standing out as nontypical or divergent as opposed to regular or common.

See Hiberno-English and Markedness

Mary Robinson

Mary Therese Winifred Robinson (Máire Mhic Róibín;; born 21 May 1944) is an Irish politician who served as the seventh president of Ireland, holding the office from December 1990 to September 1997.

See Hiberno-English and Mary Robinson

Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh

Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh (20 August 1930 – 25 June 2024) was an Irish Gaelic games commentator for the Irish national radio and television, RTÉ.

See Hiberno-English and Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh

Merriam-Webster

Merriam-Webster, Incorporated is an American company that publishes reference books and is mostly known for its dictionaries.

See Hiberno-English and Merriam-Webster

Mid central vowel

The mid central vowel (also known as schwa) is a type of vowel sound, used in some spoken languages.

See Hiberno-English and Mid central vowel

Middle English

Middle English (abbreviated to ME) is a form of the English language that was spoken after the Norman Conquest of 1066, until the late 15th century.

See Hiberno-English and Middle English

Minced oath

A minced oath is a euphemistic expression formed by deliberately misspelling, mispronouncing, or replacing a part of a profane, blasphemous, or taboo word or phrase to reduce the original term's objectionable characteristics.

See Hiberno-English and Minced oath

Mineral water

Mineral water is water from a mineral spring that contains various minerals, such as salts and sulfur compounds.

See Hiberno-English and Mineral water

Monophthong

A monophthong is a pure vowel sound, one whose articulation at only beginning and end is relatively fixed, and which does not glide up or down towards a new position of articulation.

See Hiberno-English and Monophthong

Munster

Munster (an Mhumhain or Cúige Mumhan) is one of the four provinces of Ireland, located in the south of the island.

See Hiberno-English and Munster

Netherlands

The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean.

See Hiberno-English and Netherlands

Newfoundland English

Newfoundland English is any of several accents and dialects of Atlantic Canadian English found in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador.

See Hiberno-English and Newfoundland English

North America

North America is a continent in the Northern and Western Hemispheres.

See Hiberno-English and North America

North Sea Germanic

North Sea Germanic, also known as Ingvaeonic, is a postulated grouping of the northern West Germanic languages that consists of Old Frisian, Old English, and Old Saxon, and their descendants.

See Hiberno-English and North Sea Germanic

Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann; Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland that is variously described as a country, province or region.

See Hiberno-English and Northern Ireland

Oireachtas

The Oireachtas, sometimes referred to as Oireachtas Éireann, is the bicameral parliament of Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Oireachtas

Old English

Old English (Englisċ or Ænglisc), or Anglo-Saxon, was the earliest recorded form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages.

See Hiberno-English and Old English

Open vowel

An open vowel is a vowel sound in which the tongue is positioned as far as possible from the roof of the mouth.

See Hiberno-English and Open vowel

Palatalization (phonetics)

In phonetics, palatalization or palatization is a way of pronouncing a consonant in which part of the tongue is moved close to the hard palate.

See Hiberno-English and Palatalization (phonetics)

Participle

In linguistics, a participle (abbr.) is a nonfinite verb form that has some of the characteristics and functions of both verbs and adjectives.

See Hiberno-English and Participle

Pejorative

A pejorative word, phrase, slur, or derogatory term is a word or grammatical form expressing a negative or disrespectful connotation, a low opinion, or a lack of respect toward someone or something.

See Hiberno-English and Pejorative

Phonological history of English close front vowels

The close and mid-height front vowels of English (vowels of i and e type) have undergone a variety of changes over time and often vary by dialect.

See Hiberno-English and Phonological history of English close front vowels

Phonological history of English consonant clusters

The phonological history of English includes various changes in the phonology of consonant clusters.

See Hiberno-English and Phonological history of English consonant clusters

Phonological history of English open back vowels

The phonology of the open back vowels of the English language has undergone changes both overall and with regional variations, through Old and Middle English to the present.

See Hiberno-English and Phonological history of English open back vowels

Phonology

Phonology is the branch of linguistics that studies how languages systematically organize their phones or, for sign languages, their constituent parts of signs.

See Hiberno-English and Phonology

Plantation of Ulster

The Plantation of Ulster (Plandáil Uladh; Ulster Scots: Plantin o Ulstèr) was the organised colonisation (plantation) of Ulstera province of Irelandby people from Great Britain during the reign of King James VI and I. Most of the settlers (or planters) came from southern Scotland and northern England; their culture differed from that of the native Irish.

See Hiberno-English and Plantation of Ulster

Plantations of Ireland

Plantations in 16th- and 17th-century Ireland (Plandálacha na hÉireann) involved the confiscation of Irish-owned land by the English Crown and the colonisation of this land with settlers from Great Britain.

See Hiberno-English and Plantations of Ireland

Plosive

In phonetics, a plosive, also known as an occlusive or simply a stop, is a pulmonic consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

See Hiberno-English and Plosive

Pronunciation of English ⟨wh⟩

The pronunciation of the wh in English has changed over time, and still varies today between different regions and accents.

See Hiberno-English and Pronunciation of English ⟨wh⟩

Question

A question is an utterance which serves as a request for information.

See Hiberno-English and Question

Raymond Hickey

Raymond Kevin Hickey (born 3 June 1954) is an Irish linguist specialising in the English language in Ireland, especially in the capital Dublin, working within the sociolinguistic paradigm of language variation and change.

See Hiberno-English and Raymond Hickey

Received Pronunciation

Received Pronunciation (RP) is the accent traditionally regarded as the standard and most prestigious form of spoken British English.

See Hiberno-English and Received Pronunciation

Reduplication

In linguistics, reduplication is a morphological process in which the root or stem of a word (or part of it) or even the whole word is repeated exactly or with a slight change.

See Hiberno-English and Reduplication

Regional accents of English

Spoken English shows great variation across regions where it is the predominant language. Hiberno-English and Regional accents of English are dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and Regional accents of English

Register (sociolinguistics)

In sociolinguistics, a register is a variety of language used for a particular purpose or particular communicative situation.

See Hiberno-English and Register (sociolinguistics)

Republic of Ireland

Ireland (Éire), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann), is a country in north-western Europe consisting of 26 of the 32 counties of the island of Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Republic of Ireland

Rhoticity in English

The distinction between rhoticity and non-rhoticity is one of the most prominent ways in which varieties of the English language are classified.

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Richard Twiss (writer)

Richard Twiss (1747–1821) was an English writer, known for books on travel and chess.

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Romeo and Juliet

Romeo and Juliet is a tragedy written by William Shakespeare early in his career about the romance between two Italian youths from feuding families.

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Scotland

Scotland (Scots: Scotland; Scottish Gaelic: Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.

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Scots language

ScotsThe endonym for Scots is Scots. Hiberno-English and Scots language are languages of Ireland and languages of Northern Ireland.

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Scottish English

Scottish English (Beurla Albannach) is the set of varieties of the English language spoken in Scotland. The transregional, standardised variety is called Scottish Standard English or Standard Scottish English (SSE). Scottish Standard English may be defined as "the characteristic speech of the professional class and the accepted norm in schools". Hiberno-English and Scottish English are British English and dialects of English.

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Second language

A second language (L2) is a language spoken in addition to one's first language (L1).

See Hiberno-English and Second language

Sentence (linguistics)

In linguistics and grammar, a sentence is a linguistic expression, such as the English example "The quick brown fox jumps over the lazy dog." In traditional grammar, it is typically defined as a string of words that expresses a complete thought, or as a unit consisting of a subject and predicate.

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Sibilant

Sibilants (from sībilāns: 'hissing') are fricative consonants of higher amplitude and pitch, made by directing a stream of air with the tongue towards the teeth.

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Sneakers

Sneakers (US) or trainers (UK), also known by a wide variety of other names, are shoes primarily designed for sports or other forms of physical exercise but which are also widely used for everyday casual wear.

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Soft drink

A soft drink (see § Terminology for other names) is any water-based flavored drink, usually but not necessarily carbonated, and typically including added sweetener.

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Sonorant

In phonetics and phonology, a sonorant or resonant is a speech sound that is produced with continuous, non-turbulent airflow in the vocal tract; these are the manners of articulation that are most often voiced in the world's languages.

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South Wales

South Wales (De Cymru) is a loosely defined region of Wales bordered by England to the east and mid Wales to the north.

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South-West Irish English

South-West Irish English (also known as South-West Hiberno-English) is a class of broad varieties of English spoken in Ireland's South-West Region (the province of Munster). Hiberno-English and South-West Irish English are dialects of English and languages of Ireland.

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Southern Region, Ireland

The Southern Region has been a region in Ireland since 1 January 2015.

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Southside, Dublin

The Southside (Taobh Ó Dheas) is the part of Dublin city that lies south of the River Liffey.

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Spanish language

Spanish (español) or Castilian (castellano) is a Romance language of the Indo-European language family that evolved from the Vulgar Latin spoken on the Iberian Peninsula of Europe.

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Stage Irish

Stage Irish, also known as Drunk Irish, or collectively as Paddywhackery, is a stereotyped portrayal of Irish people once common in plays.

See Hiberno-English and Stage Irish

Standard language

A standard language (or standard variety, standard dialect, standardized dialect or simply standard) is a language variety that has undergone substantial codification of its grammar, lexicon, writing system, or other features and stands out among other varieties in a community as the one with the highest status or prestige.

See Hiberno-English and Standard language

Stress (linguistics)

In linguistics, and particularly phonology, stress or accent is the relative emphasis or prominence given to a certain syllable in a word or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence.

See Hiberno-English and Stress (linguistics)

Syllable

A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds, typically made up of a syllable nucleus (most often a vowel) with optional initial and final margins (typically, consonants).

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Tableware

Tableware items are the dishware and utensils used for setting a table, serving food, and dining.

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Taoiseach

The Taoiseach is the head of government or prime minister of Ireland.

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Tánaiste

The Tánaiste is the second-ranking member of the government of Ireland and the holder of its second-most senior office.

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Tern

Terns are seabirds in the family Laridae, subfamily Sterninae, that have a worldwide distribution and are normally found near the sea, rivers, or wetlands.

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Terry Wogan

Sir Michael Terence Wogan (3 August 1938 – 31 January 2016) was an Irish-British radio and television broadcaster who worked for the BBC in the UK for most of his career.

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Th-stopping

Th-stopping is the realization of the dental fricatives as stops—either dental or alveolar—which occurs in several dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and Th-stopping

The Irish Times

The Irish Times is an Irish daily broadsheet newspaper and online digital publication.

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The Pale

The Pale (Irish: An Pháil) or the English Pale (An Pháil Shasanach or An Ghalltacht) was the part of Ireland directly under the control of the English government in the Late Middle Ages.

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Toilet

A toilet is a piece of sanitary hardware that collects human urine and feces, and sometimes toilet paper, usually for disposal.

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Topicalization

Topicalization is a mechanism of syntax that establishes an expression as the sentence or clause topic by having it appear at the front of the sentence or clause (as opposed to in a canonical position later in the sentence).

See Hiberno-English and Topicalization

Trap–bath split

The – split is a vowel split that occurs mainly in Southern England English (including Received Pronunciation), Australian English, New Zealand English, Indian English, South African English and to a lesser extent in some Welsh English as well as older Northeastern New England English by which the Early Modern English phoneme was lengthened in certain environments and ultimately merged with the long of PALM.

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Tudor conquest of Ireland

The Tudor conquest (or reconquest) of Ireland took place during the 16th century under the Tudor dynasty, which ruled the Kingdom of England.

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Tudor period

In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era during the reign of Elizabeth I (1558–1603).

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Ulster

Ulster (Ulaidh or Cúige Uladh; Ulstèr or Ulster) is one of the four traditional or historic Irish provinces.

See Hiberno-English and Ulster

Ulster English

Ulster English, also called Northern Hiberno-English or Northern Irish English, is the variety of English spoken mostly around the Irish province of Ulster and throughout Northern Ireland. Hiberno-English and Ulster English are British English, dialects of English, languages of Ireland and languages of Northern Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Ulster English

Ulster Irish

Ulster Irish is the variety of Irish spoken in the province of Ulster. Hiberno-English and Ulster Irish are languages of Northern Ireland.

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Ulster Scots dialect

Ulster Scots or Ulster-Scots (Ulstèr-Scotch, Albainis Uladh), also known as Ulster Scotch and Ullans, is the dialect of Scots spoken in parts of Ulster, being almost exclusively spoken in parts of Northern Ireland and County Donegal. Hiberno-English and Ulster Scots dialect are languages of Ireland and languages of Northern Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and Ulster Scots dialect

Unified English Braille

Unified English Braille Code (UEBC, formerly UBC, now usually simply UEB) is an English language Braille code standard, developed to encompass the wide variety of literary and technical material in use in the English-speaking world today, in uniform fashion.

See Hiberno-English and Unified English Braille

United States

The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.

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Uvular consonant

Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants.

See Hiberno-English and Uvular consonant

V2 word order

In syntax, verb-second (V2) word order is a sentence structure in which the finite verb of a sentence or a clause is placed in the clause's second position, so that the verb is preceded by a single word or group of words (a single constituent).

See Hiberno-English and V2 word order

Variation in Australian English

Australian English is relatively homogeneous when compared with British and American English.

See Hiberno-English and Variation in Australian English

Velarization

Velarization or velarisation is a secondary articulation of consonants by which the back of the tongue is raised toward the velum during the articulation of the consonant.

See Hiberno-English and Velarization

Voice (phonetics)

Voice or voicing is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds (usually consonants).

See Hiberno-English and Voice (phonetics)

Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps

The voiced alveolar tap or flap is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.

See Hiberno-English and Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps

Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants

The voiced alveolar lateral approximant is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages.

See Hiberno-English and Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants

Voiceless alveolar fricative

The voiceless alveolar fricatives are a type of fricative consonant pronounced with the tip or blade of the tongue against the alveolar ridge (gum line) just behind the teeth.

See Hiberno-English and Voiceless alveolar fricative

Voicelessness

In linguistics, voicelessness is the property of sounds being pronounced without the larynx vibrating.

See Hiberno-English and Voicelessness

Welsh English

Welsh English (Saesneg Gymreig) comprises the dialects of English spoken by Welsh people. Hiberno-English and Welsh English are British English and dialects of English.

See Hiberno-English and Welsh English

West Germanic languages

The West Germanic languages constitute the largest of the three branches of the Germanic family of languages (the others being the North Germanic and the extinct East Germanic languages).

See Hiberno-English and West Germanic languages

West Region, Ireland

The West is a strategic planning area within the Northern and Western Region in Ireland.

See Hiberno-English and West Region, Ireland

William Shakespeare

William Shakespeare (23 April 1564 – 23 April 1616) was an English playwright, poet and actor.

See Hiberno-English and William Shakespeare

Yes and no

Yes and no, or similar word pairs, are expressions of the affirmative and the negative, respectively, in several languages, including English.

See Hiberno-English and Yes and no

Yola dialect

Yola, more commonly and historically the Forth and Bargy dialect, is an extinct dialect of the Middle English language once spoken in the baronies of Forth and Bargy in County Wexford, Ireland. Hiberno-English and Yola dialect are languages attested from the 12th century.

See Hiberno-English and Yola dialect

See also

British English

Languages attested from the 12th century

Languages of Ireland

Languages of Northern Ireland

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hiberno-English

Also known as En-IE, English in Ireland, English in Northern Ireland, English in Republic of Ireland, English in the Republic of Ireland, English language in Ireland, English language in Northern Ireland, English language in Republic of Ireland, English language in the Republic of Ireland, Hib-Eng, Hibernian English, Hiberno English, Hiberno-English language, ISO 639:en-IE, IreEng, Irish English, Irish English language, Irish Standard English, Irish accent, Irish accents, Irish brogue, Irish-English, Standard Hiberno-English, Standard Irish English, Stocious.

, English alphabet, English auxiliary verbs, English language, English language in Europe, English-language vowel changes before historic /r/, Epenthesis, Feck, Fingal, Fingallian, First language, Fricative, Front vowel, Gaeltacht, General American English, German grammar, Germanic languages, Gombeen man, Great Britain, Grocery store, Guttural R, H, H-dropping, Habitual be, Hibernia, High rising terminal, Highland English, Homophone, Indo-European languages, Intervocalic consonant, Ireland, Irish Independent, Irish language, Irish language in Newfoundland, Irish syntax, Jack (given name), Jackeen, Jackie Healy-Rae, John (given name), John C. Wells, Labial consonant, Languages of Ireland, Latin script, Leinster, Limerick, List of dialects of English, List of English words of Irish origin, List of Irish words used in the English language, Manx English, Markedness, Mary Robinson, Mícheál Ó Muircheartaigh, Merriam-Webster, Mid central vowel, Middle English, Minced oath, Mineral water, Monophthong, Munster, Netherlands, Newfoundland English, North America, North Sea Germanic, Northern Ireland, Oireachtas, Old English, Open vowel, Palatalization (phonetics), Participle, Pejorative, Phonological history of English close front vowels, Phonological history of English consonant clusters, Phonological history of English open back vowels, Phonology, Plantation of Ulster, Plantations of Ireland, Plosive, Pronunciation of English ⟨wh⟩, Question, Raymond Hickey, Received Pronunciation, Reduplication, Regional accents of English, Register (sociolinguistics), Republic of Ireland, Rhoticity in English, Richard Twiss (writer), Romeo and Juliet, Scotland, Scots language, Scottish English, Second language, Sentence (linguistics), Sibilant, Sneakers, Soft drink, Sonorant, South Wales, South-West Irish English, Southern Region, Ireland, Southside, Dublin, Spanish language, Stage Irish, Standard language, Stress (linguistics), Syllable, Tableware, Taoiseach, Tánaiste, Tern, Terry Wogan, Th-stopping, The Irish Times, The Pale, Toilet, Topicalization, Trap–bath split, Tudor conquest of Ireland, Tudor period, Ulster, Ulster English, Ulster Irish, Ulster Scots dialect, Unified English Braille, United States, Uvular consonant, V2 word order, Variation in Australian English, Velarization, Voice (phonetics), Voiced dental and alveolar taps and flaps, Voiced dental, alveolar and postalveolar lateral approximants, Voiceless alveolar fricative, Voicelessness, Welsh English, West Germanic languages, West Region, Ireland, William Shakespeare, Yes and no, Yola dialect.