Table of Contents
367 relations: Abhisheka, Absolute (philosophy), Acharya, Acharya Chandana, Achourya, Adharma, Advaita Vedanta, Aharji, Ahimsa, Ahimsa in Jainism, Ahmedabad, Ajatashatru, Ajiva, Akbar, Akota Bronzes, Akshaya Tritiya, Alauddin Khalji, Alp Khan, Ambika (Jainism), Anattā, Anekantavada, Anga, Archaeological Survey of India, Ardhamagadhi Prakrit, Arihant (Jainism), Aryika, Ashoka, Ashtadhatu, Ashtamangala, Asrava, Atma Siddhi, Audrey Truschke, Aurangzeb, Avasarpiṇī, Avatar, Ayagapata, Ayodhya, Ācārāṅga Sūtra, Ākāśa (Jainism), Āma, Ātman (Hinduism), Śramaṇa, Śrāvaka (Jainism), Śvetāmbara, Babur, Badami cave temples, Bahubali, Bandha (Jainism), Basava, Belgium, ... Expand index (317 more) »
- Dualism in cosmology
- History of religion in India
- Indian religions
- Nāstika
- Religions that require vegetarianism
Abhisheka
Abhisheka is a religious rite or method of prayer in which a devotee pours a liquid offering on an image or murti of a deity.
Absolute (philosophy)
In philosophy (often specifically metaphysics), the absolute, in most common usage, is a perfect, self-sufficient reality that depends upon nothing external to itself.
See Jainism and Absolute (philosophy)
Acharya
In Indian religions and society, an acharya (Sanskrit: आचार्य, IAST:; Pali: ācariya) is a religious teacher in Hinduism and Buddhism and a spiritual guide to Hindus and Buddhists.
Acharya Chandana
Acharya Chandana (born Shakuntala in 1937), known as Tai Maharaj by her devotees, is an Indian Jain nun of the Amarmuni Sampradaya.
See Jainism and Acharya Chandana
Achourya
(Sanskrit: अचौर्यः, IAST) or (Sanskrit: अस्तेय; IAST) is the Sanskrit term for "non-stealing".
Adharma
Adharma is the Sanskrit antonym of dharma.
Advaita Vedanta
Advaita Vedanta (अद्वैत वेदान्त) is a Hindu tradition of textual exegesis and philosophy and a Hindu sādhanā, a path of spiritual discipline and experience.
See Jainism and Advaita Vedanta
Aharji
Aharji is a historical pilgrimage site for Jainism in India.
Ahimsa
(IAST) is the ancient Indian principle of nonviolence which applies to actions towards all living beings.
Ahimsa in Jainism
In Jainism, ahiṃsā (alternatively spelled 'ahinsā', Sanskrit: अहिंसा IAST:, Pāli) is a fundamental principle forming the cornerstone of its ethics and doctrine.
See Jainism and Ahimsa in Jainism
Ahmedabad
Ahmedabad (is the most populous city in the Indian state of Gujarat. It is the administrative headquarters of the Ahmedabad district and the seat of the Gujarat High Court. Ahmedabad's population of 5,570,585 (per the 2011 population census) makes it the fifth-most populous city in India, and the encompassing urban agglomeration population estimated at 6,357,693 is the seventh-most populous in India.
Ajatashatru
Ajatasattu (Pāli) or Ajatashatru (Sanskrit) in Buddhist tradition, or Kunika and Kuniya in the Jain histories, (reigned c. 492 to 460 BCE, or c. 405 to 373 BCE) was one of the most important kings of the Haryanka dynasty of Magadha in East India.
Ajiva
Ajiva (Sanskrit) is anything that has no soul or life, the polar opposite of "jīva" (soul).
Akbar
Abu'l-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad Akbar (–), popularly known as Akbar the Great, and also as Akbar I, was the third Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1556 to 1605.
Akota Bronzes
The Akota Bronzes represent a rare and important set of 68 Jain images, dating to between the 6th and 12th centuries AD, which were found in the vicinity of Akota near Baroda in the Indian state of Gujarat.
Akshaya Tritiya
Akshaya Tritiya, also known as Akti or Akha Teej, is an annual Jain and Hindu spring festival.
See Jainism and Akshaya Tritiya
Alauddin Khalji
Alauddin Khalji (علاء الدین خلجی), born Ali Gurshasp, was a ruler from the Khalji dynasty that ruled the Delhi Sultanate in the Indian subcontinent.
See Jainism and Alauddin Khalji
Alp Khan
Alp Khan (died late 1315 or early 1316) was a general and brother-in-law of the Delhi Sultanate ruler Alauddin Khalji.
Ambika (Jainism)
In Jainism, Ambika (अम्बिका, "Mother") or Ambika Devi (अम्बिका देवी "the Goddess-Mother") is the yakshini "dedicated attendant deity" or "protector goddess" of the 22nd Tirthankara, Neminatha.
See Jainism and Ambika (Jainism)
Anattā
In Buddhism, the term anattā (𑀅𑀦𑀢𑁆𑀢𑀸) or anātman (अनात्मन्) is the doctrine of "non-self" – that no unchanging, permanent self or essence can be found in any phenomenon.
Anekantavada
(अनेकान्तवाद, "many-sidedness") is the Jain doctrine about metaphysical truths that emerged in ancient India.
Anga
Anga was an ancient Indo-Aryan tribe of eastern India whose existence is attested during the Iron Age.
See Jainism and Anga
Archaeological Survey of India
The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is an Indian government agency that is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural historical monuments in the country.
See Jainism and Archaeological Survey of India
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit
Ardhamagadhi Prakrit was a Middle Indo-Aryan language and a Dramatic Prakrit thought to have been spoken in modern-day Bihar and Uttar Pradesh and used in some early Buddhist and Jain dramas.
See Jainism and Ardhamagadhi Prakrit
Arihant (Jainism)
Arihant (italic, lit) is a jiva (soul) who has conquered inner passions such as attachment, anger, pride and greed.
See Jainism and Arihant (Jainism)
Aryika
Aryika, also known as Sadhvi, is a female mendicant (nun) in Jainism.
Ashoka
Ashoka, also known as Asoka or Aśoka (– 232 BCE), and popularly known as Ashoka the Great, was Emperor of Magadha in the Indian subcontinent from until 232 BCE, and the third ruler from the Mauryan dynasty.
Ashtadhatu
Ashtadhatu, also called octo-alloy, is an alloy comprising the eight metals of gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, tin, iron, and mercury, often used for casting metallic idols for Jain and Hindu temples in India.
Ashtamangala
The Ashtamangala is a sacred suite of Eight Auspicious Signs featured in a number of Indian religions such as Hinduism, Jainism, and Buddhism.
Asrava
Asrava (āsrava "influx") is one of the tattva or the fundamental reality of the world as per the Jain philosophy.
Atma Siddhi
Atma Siddhi Shastra (આત્મસિદ્ધિ) is a spiritual treatise in verse, composed in Gujarati by the nineteenth century Jain saint, philosopher poet Shrimad Rajchandra (1867–1901).
Audrey Truschke
Audrey Truschke is a historian of South Asia and an associate professor at Rutgers University.
See Jainism and Audrey Truschke
Aurangzeb
Muhi al-Din Muhammad (3 November 1618 – 3 March 1707), commonly known as italics, was the sixth Mughal emperor, reigning from 1658 until his death in 1707.
Avasarpiṇī
Avasarpiṇī is the descending half of the cosmic time cycle in Jainism and the one in which the world is said to be at present.
Avatar
Avatar is a concept within Hinduism that in Sanskrit literally means.
Ayagapata
Ayagapata (Hindi:अयागपट्ट) or Ayagapatta is a type of votive slab associated with worship in Jainism.
Ayodhya
Ayodhya is a city situated on the banks of the Sarayu river in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Ācārāṅga Sūtra
The Ācārāṅga Sūtra (First book c. 5th–4th century BCE; Second book c. Late 4th–2nd century BCE) is the first of the twelve Angas, part of the agamas (religious texts) which were compiled based on the teachings of 24th Tirthankara Mahavira.
See Jainism and Ācārāṅga Sūtra
Ākāśa (Jainism)
Ākāśa is space in the Jain conception of the cosmos.
See Jainism and Ākāśa (Jainism)
Āma
Āma was a medieval Indian king who ruled Kannauj and surrounding areas during the 8th and the 9th centuries.
See Jainism and Āma
Ātman (Hinduism)
Ātman (आत्मन्) is a Sanskrit word for the true or eternal Self or the self-existent essence or impersonal witness-consciousness within each individual.
See Jainism and Ātman (Hinduism)
Śramaṇa
A śramaṇa (श्रमण,; samaṇa; p; sa môn) is a person "who labours, toils, or exerts themselves for some higher or religious purpose" or "seeker, one who performs acts of austerity, ascetic".
Śrāvaka (Jainism)
In Jainism, the word Śrāvaka or Sāvaga (from Jain Prakrit) is used to refer to the Jain laity (householders).
See Jainism and Śrāvaka (Jainism)
Śvetāmbara
The Śvetāmbara (also spelled Shwetambara, Shvetambara, Svetambara or Swetambara) is one of the two main branches of Jainism, the other being the Digambara.
Babur
Babur (14 February 148326 December 1530; born Zahīr ud-Dīn Muhammad) was the founder of the Mughal Empire in the Indian subcontinent.
Badami cave temples
The Badami cave temples are a complex of Budhist,Hindu and Jain cave temples located in Badami, a town in the Bagalkot district in northern part of Karnataka, India.
See Jainism and Badami cave temples
Bahubali
Bahubali was the son of Rishabhanatha (the first tirthankara of Jainism) and the brother of the chakravartin Bharata.
Bandha (Jainism)
Bandha (also karma-bandha) in Jainism, is the mutual intermingling of the soul and karmas (fine matter).
See Jainism and Bandha (Jainism)
Basava
Basava (1131–1196), also called and, was an Indian philosopher, poet, Lingayat social reformer in the Shiva-focused bhakti movement, and a Hindu Shaivite social reformer during the reign of the Kalyani Chalukya/Kalachuri dynasty.
Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Northwestern Europe.
Bhadra (Hindu calendar)
Bhadra or Bhadrapada or Bhādo or Bhadraba (Bengali: ভাদ্র bhādro; Hindi: भादों bhādo; Sanskrit: भाद्रपद bhādrapada; भाद्र Bhādra; ଭାଦ୍ରବ Bhadraba) is the sixth month of the Hindu calendar, which falls in August and September of the Gregorian calendar.
See Jainism and Bhadra (Hindu calendar)
Bhadrabāhu
Ācārya Bhadrabāhu (c. 367 – c. 298 BC) was, according to both the Śvetāmbara and Digambara sects of Jainism, the last Shruta Kevalin (all knowing by hearsay, that is indirectly) in Jainism.
Bharatiya Jnanpith
Bharatiya Jnanpith a literary and research organization, based in New Delhi, India, was founded on February 18, 1944 by Sahu Shanti Prasad Jain of the Sahu Jain family and his wife Rama Jain to undertake systematic research and publication of Sanskrit, Prakrit, Pali and Apabhramsha texts and covering subjects like religion, philosophy, logic, ethics, grammar, astrology, poetics, etc.
See Jainism and Bharatiya Jnanpith
Bhubaneswar
Bhubaneswar is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Odisha, located in the Khordha district.
Bhutabali
Acharya Bhutabali (1st century CE) was a Digambara monk.
Bihar
Bihar is a state in Eastern India.
Bijjala II
Bijjala II (1130–1167 CE) ಇಮ್ಮಡಿ ಬಿಜ್ಜಳ was the Mahamandaleshwara of the Kalyani Chalukyas.
Bimbisara
Bimbisāra (in Buddhist tradition) or Shrenika and Seniya in the Jain histories was the King of Magadha (V. K. Agnihotri (ed.), Indian History. Allied Publishers, New Delhi 262010, f. or) and belonged to the Haryanka dynasty.
Brahma Jinalaya, Lakkundi
The Brahma Jinalaya, sometimes called as the Greater Jain Temple of Lakkundi, is an early 11th-century Mahavira temple in Lakkundi, Gadag District of Karnataka state, India.
See Jainism and Brahma Jinalaya, Lakkundi
Brahmacharya
Brahmacharya (Devanagari: ब्रह्मचर्य) is a concept within Indian religions that literally means "conduct consistent with Brahma" or "on the path of Brahma".
Brahman
In Hinduism, Brahman (ब्रह्मन्; IAST: Brahman) connotes the highest universal principle, the Ultimate Reality of the universe.
Brass
Brass is an alloy of copper and zinc, in proportions which can be varied to achieve different colours and mechanical, electrical, acoustic and chemical properties, but copper typically has the larger proportion, generally 66% copper and 34% zinc.
British Raj
The British Raj (from Hindustani, 'reign', 'rule' or 'government') was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent,.
Buddhism
Buddhism, also known as Buddha Dharma and Dharmavinaya, is an Indian religion and philosophical tradition based on teachings attributed to the Buddha, a wandering teacher who lived in the 6th or 5th century BCE. Jainism and Buddhism are Indian religions.
Burjor Avari
Burjor Avari (1938–2019) was a teacher of South Asian history at the Manchester Metropolitan University.
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Jainism and Cambridge University Press
Canada
Canada is a country in North America.
Cengage Group
Cengage Group is an American educational content, technology, and services company for higher education, K–12, professional, and library markets.
Census of India
The decennial census of India has been conducted 15 times, as of 2011.
See Jainism and Census of India
Chaitra
Chaitra is a month of the Hindu calendar.
Chalukya dynasty
The Chalukya dynasty was a Classical Indian dynasty that ruled large parts of southern and central India between the 6th and the 12th centuries.
See Jainism and Chalukya dynasty
Champapuri
Champapuri, Champa Nagri or Champanagar is a neighbourhood in Bhagalpur in the Indian state of Bihar.
Champat Rai Jain
Champat Rai Jain (6 August 1867–2 June 1942) was a Digambara Jain born in Delhi and who studied and practised law in England.
See Jainism and Champat Rai Jain
Chandragupta Maurya
Chandragupta Maurya (350–295 BCE) was the Emperor of Magadha from 322 BC to 297 BC and founder of the Maurya dynasty which ruled over a geographically-extensive empire based in Magadha.
See Jainism and Chandragupta Maurya
Chatra (umbrella)
The chatra (from छत्र, meaning "umbrella") is an auspicious symbol in Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.
See Jainism and Chatra (umbrella)
Chavundaraya
Cāmuṇḍarāya or Chavundaraya (Kannada Cāmuṇḍarāya, Cāvuṇḍarāya, 940–989) was an Indian Jain ruler.
Chicago
Chicago is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Illinois and in the Midwestern United States.
Clairvoyance
Clairvoyance is the claimed ability to acquire information that would be considered impossible to get through scientifically proven sensations, thus classified as extrasensory perception, or "sixth sense".
Colorado State University
Colorado State University (Colorado State or CSU) is a public land-grant research university in Fort Collins, Colorado.
See Jainism and Colorado State University
Common Era
Common Era (CE) and Before the Common Era (BCE) are year notations for the Gregorian calendar (and its predecessor, the Julian calendar), the world's most widely used calendar era.
Delhi Sultanate
The Delhi Sultanate or the Sultanate of Delhi was a late medieval empire primarily based in Delhi that stretched over large parts of the Indian subcontinent, for 320 years (1206–1526).
See Jainism and Delhi Sultanate
Dharampur, Gujarat
Dharampur is a town and a municipality in Valsad district in the state of Gujarat, India.
See Jainism and Dharampur, Gujarat
Dharma
Dharma (धर्म) is a key concept with multiple meanings in the Indian religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism), among others.
Dharma (Jainism)
Jain texts assign a wide range of meaning to the Sanskrit dharma or Prakrit dhamma.
See Jainism and Dharma (Jainism)
Dharmachakra
The dharmachakra (Sanskrit: धर्मचक्र, dhammacakka) or wheel of dharma is a symbol used in the Dharmic religions of Buddhism, Hinduism, and Jainism.
Dhvaja
Dhvaja refers to the Sanskrit word for a banner or a flag.
Digambara
Digambara ("sky-clad") is one of the two major schools of Jainism, the other being Śvetāmbara (white-clad).
Digambara monk
A Digambara monk or Digambara Sādhu (also muni, sādhu) is a Sādhu in the Digambar tradition of Jainism, and as such an occupant of the highest limb of the four-fold sangha.
See Jainism and Digambara monk
Dilwara Temples
The Dilwara Temples or Delvada Temples are a group of Śvētāmbara Jain temples located about kilometres from the Mount Abu settlement in Sirohi District, Rajasthan's only hill station.
See Jainism and Dilwara Temples
Diwali
Diwali (Deepavali, IAST: Dīpāvalī) is the Hindu festival of lights, with variations celebrated in other Indian religions.
Diwali (Jainism)
Diwali in Jainism marks the anniversary of Nirvana (final release) or liberation of Mahavira's soul, the twenty-fourth and last Jain Tirthankara of the present cosmic age.
See Jainism and Diwali (Jainism)
Diya (lamp)
A diya, diyo, deya, deeya, dia, divaa, deepa, deepam, deep, deepak or saaki is an oil lamp made from clay or mud with a cotton wick dipped in oil or ghee.
Drilling and blasting
Drilling and blasting is the controlled use of explosives and other methods, such as gas pressure blasting pyrotechnics, to break rock for excavation.
See Jainism and Drilling and blasting
Ellora Caves
The Ellora Caves are a UNESCO World Heritage Site in Aurangabad district, Maharashtra, India (now renamed to Chhatrapati Sambhaji Nagar district).
Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
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Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. is the company known for publishing the Encyclopædia Britannica, the world's oldest continuously published encyclopaedia.
See Jainism and Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
Fly-whisk
A fly-whisk (or fly-swish) is a tool that is used to swat flies.
Ganadhara
In Jainism, the term Ganadhara is used to refer the chief disciple of a Tirthankara.
Girnar
Girnar is an ancient hill in Junagadh, Gujarat, India.
Girnar Jain temples
There is a group of temples of Jainism on Mount Girnar near Junagadh in Junagadh district, Gujarat, India.
See Jainism and Girnar Jain temples
Gold
Gold is a chemical element; it has symbol Au (from the Latin word aurum) and atomic number 79.
See Jainism and Gold
Gommateshwara statue
The Gommateshwara statue is a high monolithic statue on Vindhyagiri Hill in the town of Shravanbelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka.
See Jainism and Gommateshwara statue
Government of India
The Government of India (IAST: Bhārat Sarkār, legally the Union Government or Union of India and colloquially known as the Central Government) is the central executive authority of the Republic of India, a federal republic located in South Asia, consisting of 28 states and eight union territories.
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Guṇa
(गुण) is a concept in Hinduism, which can be translated as "quality, peculiarity, attribute, property".
See Jainism and Guṇa
Gujarat
Gujarat is a state along the western coast of India.
Guru
Guru (गुरु; IAST: guru; Pali: garu) is a Sanskrit term for a "mentor, guide, expert, or master" of certain knowledge or field.
See Jainism and Guru
Gwalior
Gwalior (Hindi) is a major city in the central Indian state of Madhya Pradesh; it lies in northern part of Madhya Pradesh and is one of the Counter-magnet cities.
Hand fan
A handheld fan, or simply hand fan, is a broad, flat surface that is waved back-and-forth to create an airflow.
Harsha
Harshavardhana (IAST Harṣa-vardhana; 4 June 590–647 CE) was the emperor of Kannauj and ruled northern India from 606 to 647 CE.
Harvard University
Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
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Haryanka dynasty
The Haryanka dynasty was the first ruling dynasty of Magadha, an empire of ancient India.
See Jainism and Haryanka dynasty
Hastinapur
Hastinapur is a city in the Meerut district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Hathigumpha inscription
The Hathigumpha Inscription (pronounced: ɦɑːt̪ʰiːgumpʰɑː) is a seventeen line inscription in a Prakrit language incised in Brahmi script in a cavern called Hathigumpha in Udayagiri hills, near Bhubaneswar in Odisha, India.
See Jainism and Hathigumpha inscription
Heaven
Heaven, or the heavens, is a common religious cosmological or transcendent supernatural place where beings such as deities, angels, souls, saints, or venerated ancestors are said to originate, be enthroned, or reside.
Hell
In religion and folklore, hell is a location or state in the afterlife in which souls are subjected to punitive suffering, most often through torture, as punishment after death.
See Jainism and Hell
Hindi Granth Karyalay
Hindi Granth Karyalay is an Indian publishing house and specialized book store dealing in books pertaining to Jainology and Indology in English, Hindi, Sanskrit, Prakrit and Apabhramsha.
See Jainism and Hindi Granth Karyalay
Hindu calendar
The Hindu calendar, also called Panchanga, is one of various lunisolar calendars that are traditionally used in the Indian subcontinent and Southeast Asia, with further regional variations for social and Hindu religious purposes.
See Jainism and Hindu calendar
Hinduism
Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order by which its followers abide. Jainism and Hinduism are Indian religions.
Hindustan Times
Hindustan Times is an Indian English-language daily newspaper based in Delhi.
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History of India
Anatomically modern humans first arrived on the Indian subcontinent between 73,000 and 55,000 years ago.
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Hoysala Kingdom
The Hoysala Kingdom was a Kannadiga power originating from the Indian subcontinent that ruled most of what is now Karnataka between the 10th and the 14th centuries.
See Jainism and Hoysala Kingdom
Humayun
Nasir al-Din Muhammad (6 March 1508 – 27 January 1556), commonly known by his regnal name Humayun, was the second Mughal emperor, who ruled over territory in what is now Eastern Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Northern India, and Pakistan from 1530 to 1540 and again from 1555 to his death in 1556.
Hutheesing Jain Temple
Hutheesing Temple is a Jain temple in Ahmedabad in Gujarat, India.
See Jainism and Hutheesing Jain Temple
Hymns Ancient and Modern
Hymns Ancient and Modern is a hymnal in common use within the Church of England, a result of the efforts of the Oxford Movement.
See Jainism and Hymns Ancient and Modern
Iconography
Iconography, as a branch of art history, studies the identification, description and interpretation of the content of images: the subjects depicted, the particular compositions and details used to do so, and other elements that are distinct from artistic style.
India Tribune
India Tribune is a Chicago-based weekly in newspaper format, covering community affairs of the Americans from Indian descent, as well as news from India.
Indian diaspora
Overseas Indians (ISO), officially Non-Resident Indians (NRIs) and People of Indian Origin (PIOs) are Indians who reside or originate outside of India. According to the Government of India, Non-Resident Indians are citizens of India who currently are not living in India, while the term People of Indian Origin refers to people of Indian birth or ancestry who are citizens of countries other than India (with some exceptions).
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Indian History Congress
Indian History Congress is the largest professional and academic body of Indian historians with over 35,000 members.
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Indian religions
Indian religions, sometimes also termed Dharmic religions or Indic religions, are the religions that originated in the Indian subcontinent.
See Jainism and Indian religions
Indra
Indra (इन्द्र) is the king of the devas and Svarga in Hinduism.
Indus Valley Civilisation
The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), also known as the Indus Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE.
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Interactionism (philosophy of mind)
Interactionism or interactionist dualism is the theory in the philosophy of mind which holds that matter and mind are two distinct and independent substances that exert causal effects on one another.
See Jainism and Interactionism (philosophy of mind)
Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy (IEP) is a scholarly online encyclopedia with 880 articles about philosophy, philosophers, and related topics.
See Jainism and Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy
Jahangir
Nur-ud-din Muhammad Salim (31 August 1569 – 28 October 1627), known by his imperial name Jahangir, was the fourth Mughal Emperor, who ruled from 1605 till his death in 1627.
Jain communities
The Jains in India are the last direct representatives of the ancient Shramana tradition.
See Jainism and Jain communities
Jain cosmology
Jain cosmology is the description of the shape and functioning of the Universe (loka) and its constituents (such as living beings, matter, space, time etc.) according to Jainism.
See Jainism and Jain cosmology
Jain flag
The flag of Jainism has five colours: White, Red, Yellow, Green and Black.
Jain law
Jain law or Jaina law is the modern interpretation of ancient Jain law that consists of rules for adoption, marriage, succession and death prescribed for the followers of Jainism.
Jain schools and branches
Jainism is an Indian religion which is traditionally believed to be propagated by twenty-four spiritual teachers known as tirthankara.
See Jainism and Jain schools and branches
Jain stupa
The Jain stupa was a type of stupa erected by the Jains for devotional purposes.
Jain temples of Khajuraho
The Jain temples of Khajuraho are a part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of Khajuraho.
See Jainism and Jain temples of Khajuraho
Jain vegetarianism
Jain vegetarianism is practised by the followers of Jain culture and philosophy.
See Jainism and Jain vegetarianism
Jainism and non-creationism
According to Jain doctrine, the universe and its constituents—soul, matter, space, time, and principles of motion—have always existed.
See Jainism and Jainism and non-creationism
Jainism in Africa
The history of Jainism in Africa is relatively short when compared with the histories of Judaism, Christianity and Islam on the same continent.
See Jainism and Jainism in Africa
Jainism in Canada
Jain Canadians number 8,275, composing of Canada's population.
See Jainism and Jainism in Canada
Jainism in Delhi
Delhi is an ancient centre of Jainism, home to over 165 Jain temples.
See Jainism and Jainism in Delhi
Jainism in Europe
The credit for introducing Jainism to the West goes to a German scholar, Hermann Jacobi, who translated some Jain literature and published it in the series 'Sacred Books of East' in 1884.
See Jainism and Jainism in Europe
Jainism in Gujarat
Jainism has had a notable following in Gujarat.
See Jainism and Jainism in Gujarat
Jainism in India
Jainism is India's sixth-largest religion and is practiced throughout India.
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Jainism in Japan
Jainism, unlike the closely related Buddhism, is a minority religion in Japan.
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Jainism in Karnataka
Karnataka, a state in South India has a long association with Jainism, a religion which enjoyed patronage of major historic kingdoms in the state such as the Rastrakuta Dynasty, Western Ganga, Kadamba and Chalukya dynasties and the Hoysala Empire.
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Jainism in Maharashtra
Jainism has been present in Maharashtra since ancient times.
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Jainism in Rajasthan
Rajasthan, a state in western India, has had a close historical connection with Jainism.
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Jainism in the United Kingdom
Adherents of Jainism first arrived in the United Kingdom in the 19th century.
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Jainism in the United States
Adherents of Jainism first arrived in the United States in the 20th century.
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Jainism in Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh, a state in north India has a long association with Jainism.
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Jal Mandir
The Jal Mandir or Water Temple is situated in Pawapuri (also known as Apapapuri which means a town without sins), in the Indian state of Bihar.
Jīva (Jainism)
Jīva (जीव) or Ātman (आत्मन्) is a philosophical term used within Jainism to identify the soul.
See Jainism and Jīva (Jainism)
Jharkhand
Jharkhand is a state in eastern India.
Jinadattasuri
Jinadattasuri was a Jain Apabhramsa poet and monk.
John E. Cort
John E. Cort (born 1953) is an American indologist.
Kalachuris of Kalyani
The Kalachuris of Kalyani, also Southern Kalachuris, were a 10th-12th-century Indian dynasty, who ruled over parts of present-day northern Karnataka and Maharashtra.
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Kalasha
A kalasha, also called Pūrṇa-Kalaśa, Pūrṇa-Kumbha, Pūrṇa-Ghaṭa, also called ghat or ghot or kumbh (कलश, Telugu: కలశము Kannada: ಕಳಶ literally "pitcher, pot"), is a metal (brass, copper, silver or gold) pot with a large base and small mouth.
Kalpa Sūtra
The Kalpa Sūtra (कल्पसूत्र) is a Jain text containing the biographies of the Jain Tirthankaras, notably Parshvanatha and Mahavira.
Kalugumalai Jain Beds
Kalugumalai Jain beds in Kalugumalai, a panchayat town in Thoothukudi district in the South Indian state of Tamil Nadu, are dedicated to the Jain religious figures.
See Jainism and Kalugumalai Jain Beds
Kankali Tila
Kankali Tila (also Kankali mound or Jaini mound) is a mound located at Mathura in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Karma
Karma (from कर्म,; italic) is an ancient Indian concept that refers to an action, work, or deed, and its effect or consequences.
Karma in Jainism
Karma is the basic principle within an overarching psycho-cosmology in Jainism.
See Jainism and Karma in Jainism
Karnataka
Karnataka (ISO), also known colloquially as Karunāḍu, is a state in the southwestern region of India.
Kasayapahuda
Kasayapahuda (also Kasayaprabhrta) is one of the oldest canonical text of the Digambara Jains.
Kayotsarga
Kayotsarga (काउस्सग्ग) is a yogic posture which is an important part of the Jain meditation.
Kāla
Kala (translit) is a Sanskrit term that means 'time' or 'death'.
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Kevala jnana
Kevala jnana (केवल ज्ञान) or Kevala gyana, also known as Kaivalya, means omniscience in Jainism and is roughly translated as complete understanding or supreme wisdom.
Khajuraho
Khajuraho is a city, near Chhatarpur in Chhatarpur district of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
Kharavela
Kharavela (also transliterated Khārabēḷa) was a monarch of Kalinga in present-day Odisha, India, who ruled during the second or first century BCE.
Kirti Stambha
Kirti Stambha is a 12th-century tower situated at Chittor Fort in Chittorgarh town of Rajasthan, India.
Krishna
Krishna (Sanskrit: कृष्ण) is a major deity in Hinduism.
Kundakunda
Kundakunda was a Digambara Jain monk and philosopher, who likely lived in the second century CE or later.
Kundalpur, Madhya Pradesh
Kundalpur is a town located in Damoh district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.
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Kushan Empire
The Kushan Empire (– AD) was a syncretic empire formed by the Yuezhi in the Bactrian territories in the early 1st century.
Lacto vegetarianism
A lacto-vegetarian (sometimes referred to as a lactarian; from the Latin root lact-, milk) diet is a diet that abstains from the consumption of meat as well as eggs, while still consuming dairy products such as milk, cheese (without animal rennet i.e., from microbial sources), yogurt, butter, ghee, cream, and kefir.
See Jainism and Lacto vegetarianism
Laity
In religious organizations, the laity consists of all members who are not part of the clergy, usually including any non-ordained members of religious orders, e.g. a nun or a lay brother.
Lakkundi
Lakkundi, also referred to as Lokkugundi, was a major city before the 14th century, and is now a village in Gadag District of Karnataka, India.
Lakshmi
Lakshmi (sometimes spelled Laxmi) also known as Shri, is one of the principal goddesses in Hinduism.
Last Judgment
The Last Judgment, Final Judgment, Day of Reckoning, Day of Judgment, Judgment Day, Doomsday, Day of Resurrection or The Day of the Lord (translit or label) is a concept found across the Abrahamic religions and the Frashokereti of Zoroastrianism.
Lingayatism
Lingayatism is a Hindu denomination based on Shaivism. Jainism and Lingayatism are Indian religions.
List of ancient Jains
This is a list of ancient Jains.
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List of Jains
Jain is the title and name given to an adherent of Jainism.
Lodhurva Jain temple
Lodhurva Jain temple is a Jain temple in the Lodhruva village of Jaisalmer district in Rajasthan.
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Los Angeles County Museum of Art
The Los Angeles County Museum of Art (LACMA) is an art museum located on Wilshire Boulevard in the Miracle Mile vicinity of Los Angeles.
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Lotus position
Lotus position or Padmasana (translit) is a cross-legged sitting meditation pose from ancient India, in which each foot is placed on the opposite thigh.
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Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh (meaning 'central province') is a state in central India.
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Madurai
Madurai, formerly known by its colonial name Madura is a major city in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.
Mahameghavahana dynasty
The Mahameghavahana dynasty (2nd or 1st century BC to early 4th century CE) was an ancient ruling dynasty of Kalinga after the decline of the Maurya Empire.
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Mahatma Gandhi
Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (ISO: Mōhanadāsa Karamacaṁda Gāṁdhī; 2 October 186930 January 1948) was an Indian lawyer, anti-colonial nationalist and political ethicist who employed nonviolent resistance to lead the successful campaign for India's independence from British rule.
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Mahavir Janma Kalyanak
Mahavir Janma Kalyanak is one of the most important religious festivals in Jainism.
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Mahavira
Mahavira (Devanagari: महावीर), also known as Vardhamana (Devanagari: वर्धमान), the 24th Tirthankara (Supreme Teacher) of Jainism.
Mahendravarman I
Mahendravarman I (600–630 CE) was a Pallava emperor who ruled the Southern portion of present-day Andhra region and Northern regions of what forms present-day Tamil Nadu in India in the early 7th century.
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Major religious groups
The world's principal religions and spiritual traditions may be classified into a small number of major groups, though this is not a uniform practice.
See Jainism and Major religious groups
Mallinatha
Mallinatha (Prakrit Mallinātha, "Lord of jasmine or seat") (Devanagari: मल्लिनाथ) (Sanskrit: मल्लिनाथः) was the 19th tīrthaṅkara "ford-maker" of the present ''avasarpiṇī'' age in Jainism.
Manastambha
A manastambha (Sanskrit for 'column of honour') is a pillar that is often constructed in front of Jain temples or large Jain statues.
Mangi-Tungi
Mangi-Tungi is a prominent twin-pinnacled peak and Digambar Jain Pilgrimage Site, located near Tahrabad about 125 km from Nashik, Maharashtra, India.
Mangulam
Mangulam or Mankulam is a village in Madurai district, Tamil Nadu, India.
Manichaeism
Manichaeism (in New Persian آیینِ مانی) is a former major world religion,R.
Mantra
A mantra (Pali: mantra) or mantram (Devanagari: मन्त्रम्) is a sacred utterance, a numinous sound, a syllable, word or phonemes, or group of words (most often in an Indic language like Sanskrit) believed by practitioners to have religious, magical or spiritual powers.
Mathura
Mathura is a city and the administrative headquarters of Mathura district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh.
Mattavilasa Prahasana
Mattavilasa Prahasana (Devanagari:मत्तविलासप्रहसन), (A Farce of Drunken Sport) is a short one-act Sanskrit play.
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Maurya Empire
The Maurya Empire (Ashokan Prakrit: 𑀫𑀸𑀕𑀥𑁂, Māgadhe) was a geographically extensive Iron Age historical power in South Asia based in Magadha (present day Bihar).
Mendicant
A mendicant (from mendicans, "begging") is one who practices mendicancy, relying chiefly or exclusively on alms to survive.
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region of West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in the northern part of the Fertile Crescent.
Metropolitan Museum of Art
The Metropolitan Museum of Art, colloquially referred to as the Met, is an encyclopedic art museum in New York City.
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Micchami Dukkadam
, also written as michchha mi dukkadam, is an ancient Indian Prakrit language phrase, found in historic Jain texts.
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Ministry of home affairs
The ministry of home affairs (also called ministry of internal affairs or ministry of interior) is a government department that is responsible for domestic policy, public security and law enforcement.
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Mirror
A mirror, also known as a looking glass, is an object that reflects an image.
Moksha
Moksha (मोक्ष), also called vimoksha, vimukti, and mukti, is a term in Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism and Sikhism for various forms of emancipation, liberation, nirvana, or release.
Moksha (Jainism)
Sanskrit or Prakrit mokkha refers to the liberation or salvation of a soul from saṃsāra, the cycle of birth and death.
See Jainism and Moksha (Jainism)
Monolith
A monolith is a geological feature consisting of a single massive stone or rock, such as some mountains.
Monsoon
A monsoon is traditionally a seasonal reversing wind accompanied by corresponding changes in precipitation but is now used to describe seasonal changes in atmospheric circulation and precipitation associated with annual latitudinal oscillation of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) between its limits to the north and south of the equator.
Moodabidri
Moodbidri (Mūḍubidire; also called Mudbidri, Moodbidre and Bedra) is a town and taluk in Dakshina Kannada district.
Motilal Banarsidass
Motilal Banarsidass Publishing House (MLBD) is an Indian academic publishing house, founded in Delhi, India in 1903.
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Mount Abu
Mount Abu is a hill station in the Aravalli Range in the Sirohi district of the state of Rajasthan in western India.
Mount Kailash
Mount Kailash (also Kailasa; Kangrinboqê or Gang Rinpoche; གངས་རིན་པོ་ཆེ;; कैलास) is a mountain in Ngari Prefecture, Tibet Autonomous Region of China.
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire was an early modern empire in South Asia.
Muhammad bin Tughluq
Muhammad bin Tughluq (1290 – 20 March 1351), also named Jauna Khan as Crown Prince, also known by his epithets, The Eccentric Prince, or The Mad Sultan, was the eighteenth Sultan of Delhi.
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Mularaja
Mularaja was the founder of the Chaulukya dynasty of India.
Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent
The Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent mainly took place between the 13th and the 18th centuries.
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Nagarparkar Jain temples
The Nagarparkar Jain Temples (نگرپارکر جین مندر) are located in the region around Nagarparkar, in Pakistan's southern Sindh province.
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Nagarparkar Tehsil
Nagarparkar (نگرپاركر, ننگرپارڪر), is a tehsil in at the base of the Karoonjhar Mountains in Tharparkar District in Sindh province of Pakistan.
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Namaste
Namaste (Devanagari: नमस्ते), sometimes called namaskār and namaskāram, is a customary Hindu manner of respectfully greeting and honouring a person or group, used at any time of day.
Namokar Mantra
The Ṇamōkāra mantra or Navkar Mantra is the most significant mantra in Jainism, and one of the oldest mantras in continuous practice.
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Nandavarta
The Nandavarta or Nandyavarta is one of the eight auspicious symbols of Jainism for the Śvetāmbara sect.
Nashik district
Nashik district, formerly known as Nasik district, is a district in Maharashtra, India.
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National Family Health Survey
The National Family Health Survey (NFHS) is an India-wide survey conducted by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India, with the International Institute for Population Sciences serving as the nodal agency.
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Neminatha
Nemināth (Devanagari: नेमिनाथ) (Sanskrit: नेमिनाथः), also known as Nemi and Ariṣṭanemi (Devanagari: अरिष्टनेमि), is the twenty-second tirthankara of Jainism in the present age (Avasarpini).
Nirjara
Nirjara is one of the seven fundamental principles, or Tattva in Jain philosophy, and refers to the shedding or removal of accumulated karmas from the atma (soul), essential for breaking free from samsara, the cycle of birth-death and rebirth, by achieving moksha, liberation.
Niyamasara
Niyamasāra is a Jain text authored by Acharya Kundakunda, a Digambara Jain acharya.
Non-possession
Non-possession (अपरिग्रह) is a religious tenet followed in Buddhist, Hindu, and Jain traditions in South Asia.
See Jainism and Non-possession
Nondualism
Nondualism includes a number of philosophical and spiritual traditions that emphasize the absence of fundamental duality or separation in existence.
Nonviolence
Nonviolence is the personal practice of not causing harm to others under any condition.
Odisha
Odisha (English), formerly Orissa (the official name until 2011), is an Indian state located in Eastern India.
Ohio University Press
Ohio University Press (OUP) is a university press associated with Ohio University.
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Omniscience
Omniscience is the capacity to know everything.
Open Court Publishing Company
The Open Court Publishing Company is a publisher with offices in Chicago and LaSalle, Illinois.
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Oral tradition
Oral tradition, or oral lore, is a form of human communication in which knowledge, art, ideas and culture are received, preserved, and transmitted orally from one generation to another.
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Orient Blackswan
Orient Blackswan Pvt.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
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Pañca-Parameṣṭhi
The in Jainism is a fivefold hierarchy of religious authorities worthy of veneration.
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Padmanabh Jaini
Padmanabh Shrivarma Jaini (October 23, 1923 - May 25, 2021) was an Indian born scholar of Jainism and Buddhism, living in Berkeley, California, United States.
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Padmavati (Jainism)
Padmāvatī is the protective goddess or śāsana devī (शासनदेवी) of Pārśvanātha, the twenty-third Jain tīrthāṅkara, complimenting Parshwa yaksha in Swetambara and Dharanendra in digambar the shasan deva.
See Jainism and Padmavati (Jainism)
Palitana
Pālītāṇā is a city in Bhavnagar district, Gujarat, India.
Palitana temples
The Palitana temples, often known only as Palitana, are a large complex of Jain temples located on Shatrunjaya hills near Palitana in Bhavnagar district, Gujarat, India.
See Jainism and Palitana temples
Panch Kalyanaka
Panch Kalyanaka (pan̄ca kalyāṇaka, "Five Auspicious Events") are the five chief auspicious events that occur in the life of tirthankara in Jainism.
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Panch Kalyanaka Pratishtha Mahotsava
Panch Kalyanaka Pratishtha Mahotsava is a traditional Jain ceremony that consecrates one or more Jain Tirthankara icons with celebration of Panch Kalyanaka (five auspicious events).
See Jainism and Panch Kalyanaka Pratishtha Mahotsava
Pandava
The Pandavas (Sanskrit: पाण्डव, IAST: Pāṇḍava) is a group name referring to the five legendary brothers, Yudhishtira, Bhima, Arjuna, Nakula and Sahadeva, who are central figures of the Hindu epic Mahabharata.
Parasparopagraho Jivanam
Parasparopagraho Jīvānām (Sanskrit: परस्परोपग्रहो जीवानाम्) is a Jain aphorism from the Tattvārtha Sūtra.
See Jainism and Parasparopagraho Jivanam
Parliament of the World's Religions
There have been several meetings referred to as a Parliament of the World's Religions, the first being the World's Parliament of Religions of 1893, which was an attempt to create a global dialogue of faiths.
See Jainism and Parliament of the World's Religions
Parshvanatha
Parshvanatha (पार्श्वनाथः), or and Pārasanātha, was the 23rd of 24 Tirthankaras (supreme preacher of dharma) of Jainism.
Parshvanatha temple, Khajuraho
Parshvanatha temple (IAST: Pārśvanātha Mandir) is a 10th-century Jain temple at Khajuraho in Madhya Pradesh, India.
See Jainism and Parshvanatha temple, Khajuraho
Paryushana
Paryushana is an annual holy event for Jains and is usually celebrated in August or September in Hindi calendar (Indian calendar) Bhadrapad Month's Shukla Paksha.
Pataini temple
The Pataini temple or Pataini devi temple is a 5th century Jain temple constructed during the reign of the Gupta Empire and located near the town of Unchehara in Madhya Pradesh, India.
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Patna
Patna, historically known as Pataliputra, is the capital and largest city of the state of Bihar in India. According to the United Nations, as of 2018, Patna had a population of 2.35 million, making it the 19th largest city in India. Covering and over 2.5 million people, its urban agglomeration is the 15th largest in India.
Paul Dundas
Paul Dundas (23 May 1952 – 5 April 2023) was a British Indologist, an honorary fellow in Sanskrit language and Head of Asian studies at the University of Edinburgh.
Pawapuri
Pawapuri, or Pavapuri (also called Apapapuri, meaning "the sinless town"), is a holy site for Jains located in the Nalanda district of Bihar state in eastern India.
Pearson Education
Pearson Education, known since 2011 as simply Pearson, is the educational publishing and services subsidiary of the international corporation Pearson plc.
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Place of worship
A place of worship is a specially designed structure or space where individuals or a group of people such as a congregation come to perform acts of devotion, veneration, or religious study.
See Jainism and Place of worship
Plant soul
A plant soul is the religious philosophical concept that plants contain souls.
Popular Prakashan
Popular Prakashan is an Indian independent publisher and bookseller founded in Bombay in 1924.
See Jainism and Popular Prakashan
Pramana
Pramana (IAST: Pramāṇa) literally means "proof" and "means of knowledge".
Psychophysical parallelism
In the philosophy of mind, psychophysical parallelism (or simply parallelism) is the theory that mental and bodily events are perfectly coordinated, without any causal interaction between them.
See Jainism and Psychophysical parallelism
Pudgala
In Jainism, Pudgala is one of the six Dravyas, or aspects of reality that fabricate the world we live in.
Rajgir
Rajgir, old name Rajagriha, meaning "The City of Kings," is an ancient city in the district of Nalanda in Bihar, India.
Raksha Bandhan
Raksha Bandhan Quote: m Hindi rakśābandhan held on the full moon of the month of Savan, when sisters tie a talisman (rakhi q.v.) on the arm of their brothers and receive small gifts of money from them.
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Rama
Rama is a major deity in Hinduism.
See Jainism and Rama
Ramanuja
Ramanuja (Middle Tamil: Rāmāṉujam; Classical Sanskrit: Rāmānuja; 1077 – 1157), also known as Ramanujacharya, was an Indian Hindu philosopher, guru and a social reformer.
Ranakpur
Ranakpur is a village located in Desuri tehsil near Sadri town in the Pali district of Rajasthan in western India.
Ranakpur Jain temple
Ranakpur Jain temple or Chaturmukha Dharana Vihara is a Śvētāmbara Jain temple at Ranakpur dedicated to Tirthankara Rishabhanatha.
See Jainism and Ranakpur Jain temple
Rashtrakutas
Rashtrakuta (IAST) (r. 753 – 982 CE) was a royal Indian dynasty ruling large parts of the Indian subcontinent between the 6th and 10th centuries.
Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra
Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra is a Jain text composed by Aacharya Samantbhadra Swamy (second century CE), an acharya of the Digambara sect of Jainism.
See Jainism and Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra
Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India
Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, founded in 1961 by the Government of India Ministry of Home Affairs, for arranging, conducting and analysing the results of the demographic surveys of India including Census of India and Linguistic Survey of India.
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Reincarnation
Reincarnation, also known as rebirth or transmigration, is the philosophical or religious concept that the non-physical essence of a living being begins a new life in a different physical form or body after biological death.
Religious denomination
A religious denomination is a subgroup within a religion that operates under a common name and tradition, among other activities.
See Jainism and Religious denomination
Richard Gombrich
Richard Francis Gombrich (born 17 July 1937) is a British Indologist and scholar of Sanskrit, Pāli, and Buddhist studies.
See Jainism and Richard Gombrich
Rishabhanatha
Rishabhanatha (Devanagari: ऋषभनाथ), also Rishabhadeva (Devanagari: ऋषभदेव), Rishabha (Devanagari: ऋषभ) or Ikshvaku (Devanagari: इक्ष्वाकु, Ikṣvāku), is the first tirthankara (Supreme preacher) of Jainism.
Rishabhdeo
Rikhabdeo (Rishabhadeo) is a town in Udaipur district in the state of Rajasthan, in north-west India.
Root vegetable
Root vegetables are underground plant parts eaten by humans as food.
See Jainism and Root vegetable
Routledge
Routledge is a British multinational publisher.
S. Srikanta Sastri
Sondekoppa Srikanta Sastri (5 November 1904 – 10 May 1974) was an Indian historian, Indologist, and polyglot.
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Saavira Kambada Basadi
Saavira Kambada Temple or Tribhuvana Tilaka Cūḍāmaṇi), is a basadi or Jain temple noted for its 1000 pillars in Moodabidri, Karnataka, India. The temple is also known as "Chandranatha Temple" since it honours the tirthankara Chandraprabha, whose eight-foot idol is worshipped in the shrine.
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Sahitya Akademi
The Sahitya Akademi, India's National Academy of Letters, is an organisation dedicated to the promotion of literature in the languages of India.
See Jainism and Sahitya Akademi
Sallekhana
Sallekhana (IAST), also known as samlehna, santhara, samadhi-marana or sanyasana-marana, is a supplementary vow to the ethical code of conduct of Jainism.
Samavasarana
In Jainism, Samavasarana or Samosharana ("Refuge to All") is the divine preaching hall of the Tirthankara, stated to have more than 20,000 stairs in it.
Samayasāra
Samayasāra (The Nature of the Self) is a famous Jain text composed by Acharya Kundakunda in 439 verses.
Samvara
Samvara (saṃvara) is one of the tattva or the fundamental reality of the world as per the Jain philosophy.
Samvatsari
Saṃvatsari (संवत्सरी) (lit. Annual Day or fig. Forgiveness Day) is the last day of Paryushana according to the Śvetāmbara sect of Jainism.
Sanskrit
Sanskrit (attributively संस्कृत-,; nominally संस्कृतम्) is a classical language belonging to the Indo-Aryan branch of the Indo-European languages.
Saraswati
Saraswati (सरस्वती), also spelled as Sarasvati, is the Hindu goddess of knowledge, music, flowing water, abundance and wealth, art, speech, wisdom, and learning.
Sari
A sari (sometimes also saree or sadi)The name of the garment in various regional languages include.
See Jainism and Sari
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan (5 September 188817 April 1975; natively Radhakrishnayya) was an Indian politician, philosopher and statesman who served as the second president of India from 1962 to 1967.
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Satkhandagama
The (Prakrit: "Scripture in Six Parts") is the foremost and oldest Digambara Jain sacred text.
Satya
(Sanskrit: सत्य; IAST) is a Sanskrit word translated as truth or essence.
Sāmāyika
Sāmāyika is the vow of periodic concentration observed by the Jains.
Schøyen Collection
The Schøyen Collection is one of the largest private manuscript collections in the world, mostly located in Oslo and London.
See Jainism and Schøyen Collection
Seuna (Yadava) dynasty
The Seuna, Sevuna, or Yadavas of Devagiri (IAST: Seuṇa, –1317) was a medieval Indian dynasty, which at its peak ruled a realm stretching from the Narmada river in the north to the Tungabhadra river in the south, in the western part of the Deccan region.
See Jainism and Seuna (Yadava) dynasty
Shah Jahan
Mirza Shahab-ud-Din Muhammad Khurram (5 January 1592 – 22 January 1666), also known as Shah Jahan I, was the fifth Mughal emperor, reigning from 1628 until 1658.
Shankheshwar Parshvanath Jain Temple
The Shankheshwar Parshvanath Jain Temple is a Jain temple located in the municipality Wilrijk of Antwerp Province, Belgium.
See Jainism and Shankheshwar Parshvanath Jain Temple
Shantisagar
Acharya Shri Shantisagar Ji (1872–1955) was an Indian Acharya of the Digambara monk faith.
Shikharji
Shikharji, also known as Sammet or Sammed Shikharji, is one of the Holiest pilgrimage sites for Jains, in Giridih district, Jharkhand.
Shravanabelagola
Shravanabelagola (pronunciation) is a town located near Channarayapatna of Hassan district in the Indian state of Karnataka and is from Bengaluru.
See Jainism and Shravanabelagola
Shri Mahaveer Ji temple
Shri Mahavir Ji is an important and prominent Jain pilgrimage site situated in Shri Mahaveerji town in Hindaun Block, Karauli district in Rajasthan.
See Jainism and Shri Mahaveer Ji temple
Shrimad Rajchandra
Shrimad Rajchandra (9 November 1867 – 9 April 1901), also known as Param Krupalu Dev, Jain poet, mystic, philosopher, scholar, and reformer.
See Jainism and Shrimad Rajchandra
Shrivatsa
The Shrivatsa (Sanskrit: श्रीवत्स; IAST: Śrīvatsa) is an ancient symbol, considered auspicious in Hinduism and other Indian religious traditions.
Siddha
Siddha (Sanskrit: सिद्ध; "perfected one") is a term that is used widely in Indian religions and culture.
Siddhashila
Siddhashila is an area in Jain cosmology at the apex of the universe, which is where the Jains believe people who have become arihants and tirthankaras go after they die and attain moksha.
Sikhism
Sikhism, also known as Sikhi (ਸਿੱਖੀ,, from translit), is a monotheistic religion and philosophy, that originated in the Punjab region of India around the end of the 15th century CE. Jainism and Sikhism are Indian religions and Nāstika.
Silver
Silver is a chemical element; it has symbol Ag (derived from Proto-Indo-European ''*h₂erǵ'')) and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it exhibits the highest electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and reflectivity of any metal. The metal is found in the Earth's crust in the pure, free elemental form ("native silver"), as an alloy with gold and other metals, and in minerals such as argentite and chlorargyrite.
Simandhar
Simandhar or Simandhara is a Tīrthaṅkara, an arihant, who is said to be currently living in another world in the Jain cosmological universe.
Sindh
Sindh (سِنْدھ,; abbr. SD, historically romanized as Sind) is a province of Pakistan.
Sittanavasal Cave
Sittanavasal Cave (also, Arivar Koil) is a 2nd-century Tamil Śramaṇa complex of caves in Sittanavasal village in Pudukottai district of Tamil Nadu, India.
See Jainism and Sittanavasal Cave
Statue of Ahimsa
The Statue of Ahimsa is located at Mangi-Tungi, in Nashik, in the Indian state of Maharashtra.
See Jainism and Statue of Ahimsa
Sthulabhadra
Sthulabhadra (297-198 BCE) was a Jain monk who lived during the 3rd or 4th century BC.
Stupa
In Buddhism, a stupa (lit) is a mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics (such as śarīra – typically the remains of Buddhist monks or nuns) that is used as a place of meditation.
Swastika
The swastika (卐 or 卍) is an ancient religious and cultural symbol, predominantly found in various Eurasian cultures, as well as some African and American ones.
Tamil Jain
Tamil Jains (Tamil Samaṇar, from Prakrit samaṇa "wandering renunciate") are ethnic-Tamils from the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, who practice Jainism, (Tamil). The Tamil Jain is a microcommunity of around 85,000 (around 0.13% of the population of Tamil Nadu).They are predominantly scattered in northern Tamil Nadu, largely in the districts of Tiruvannamalai, Kanchipuram, Vellore, Villupuram, Ranipet and Kallakurichi.
Tamil-Brahmi
Tamil-Brahmi, also known as Tamili or Damili, was a variant of the Brahmi script in southern India.
Tattvartha Sutra
Tattvārthasūtra, meaning "On the Nature of Reality " (also known as Tattvarth-adhigama-sutra or Moksha-shastra) is an ancient Jain text written by Acharya Umaswami in Sanskrit, sometime between the 2nd- and 5th-century CE.
See Jainism and Tattvartha Sutra
Telepathy
Telepathy is the purported vicarious transmission of information from one person's mind to another's without using any known human sensory channels or physical interaction.
The Buddha
Siddhartha Gautama, most commonly referred to as the Buddha ('the awakened'), was a wandering ascetic and religious teacher who lived in South Asia during the 6th or 5th century BCE and founded Buddhism.
The Hindu
The Hindu is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Hindu Group, headquartered in Chennai, Tamil Nadu.
The Story of My Experiments with Truth
The Story of My Experiments with Truth is the autobiography of Mahatma Gandhi, covering his life from early childhood through to 1921.
See Jainism and The Story of My Experiments with Truth
The Telegraph (India)
The Telegraph is an Indian English daily newspaper founded and continuously published in Kolkata since 7 July 1982.
See Jainism and The Telegraph (India)
The Times of India
The Times of India, also known by its abbreviation TOI, is an Indian English-language daily newspaper and digital news media owned and managed by The Times Group.
See Jainism and The Times of India
Tijara Jain temple
Tijara Jain Temple is a digambar Jain temple dedicated to Chandraprabhu.
See Jainism and Tijara Jain temple
Time Inc.
Time Inc. was an American worldwide mass media corporation founded on November 28, 1922, by Henry Luce and Briton Hadden and based in New York City.
Tirtha (Jainism)
In Jainism, a tīrtha (तीर्थ "ford, a shallow part of a body of water that may be easily crossed") is used to refer both to pilgrimage sites as well as to the four sections of the sangha.
See Jainism and Tirtha (Jainism)
Tirthankara
In Jainism, a Tirthankara is a saviour and supreme spiritual teacher of the dharma (righteous path).
Transtheism
Transtheism refers to a system of thought or religious philosophy that is neither theistic nor atheistic, but is beyond them.
Triratna
The Triratna (ti-ratana or; tri-ratna or) is a Buddhist symbol, thought to visually represent the Three Jewels of Buddhism (the Buddha, the Dhamma, the Sangha).
Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves
Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves, formerly called Kattaka caves or Cuttack caves, are partly natural and partly artificial caves of archaeological, historical and religious importance near the city of Bhubaneswar in Odisha, India.
See Jainism and Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves
Udayin
Udayin (-444 BCE) also known as Udayabhadra was a king of Magadha in ancient India.
Umaswati
Umaswati, also spelled as Umasvati and known as Umaswami, was an Indian scholar, possibly between 2nd-century and 5th-century CE, known for his foundational writings on Jainism.
UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.
UNESCO Headquarters
UNESCO Headquarters, or Maison de l'UNESCO, is a building inaugurated on 3 November 1958 at number 7 Place de Fontenoy in Paris, France, to serve as the headquarters for the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).
See Jainism and UNESCO Headquarters
United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America.
University of California Press
The University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.
See Jainism and University of California Press
University of Chicago Press
The University of Chicago Press is the university press of the University of Chicago, a private research university in Chicago, Illinois.
See Jainism and University of Chicago Press
Upadhyay
Upadhyay is a surname.
Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh ('North Province') is a state in northern India.
Uttaradhyayana
Uttaradhyayana or Uttaradhyayana Sutra is one of the most important sacred books of Jains.
See Jainism and Uttaradhyayana
Vaishnavism
Vaishnavism (translit-std) is one of the major Hindu denominations along with Shaivism, Shaktism, and Smartism.
Valsad district
Valsad district (previously Bulsar district) is one of the 33 districts in the Western Indian state of Gujarat.
See Jainism and Valsad district
Vasupujya
Vasupujya is the twelfth tirthankara in Jainism of the avasarpini (present age).
Vedas
The Vedas are ancient Sanskrit texts of Hinduism. Above: A page from the ''Atharvaveda''. The Vedas are a large body of religious texts originating in ancient India.
Veganism
Veganism is the practice of abstaining from the use of animal products—particularly in diet—and an associated philosophy that rejects the commodity status of animals.
Vegetarianism
Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, insects, and the flesh of any other animal).
Vibhu
Vibhu (Sanskrit:विभु) means – 'mighty', 'powerful', 'eminent', 'supreme', 'able to', 'capable of', 'self-subdued', 'firm' or 'self-controlled'; in Nyaya philosophy, it means – 'eternal', 'existing everywhere', 'all-pervading', 'pervading all material things'.
Vidisha
Vidisha (विदिशा, formerly known as Bhelsa and known as Besnagar and Bhaddilpur in ancient times) is a city in central Madhya Pradesh, India.
Virchand Gandhi
Virachand Raghavji Gandhi (25 August 1864 – 7 August 1901) was a Jain scholar who represented Jainism at the first World Parliament of Religions in 1893.
See Jainism and Virchand Gandhi
Vishnuvardhana
Vishnuvardhana (r. 1108–1152 CE) was a king of the Hoysala Empire in what is today the state of Karnataka, India.
See Jainism and Vishnuvardhana
Votive offering
A votive offering or votive deposit is one or more objects displayed or deposited, without the intention of recovery or use, in a sacred place for religious purposes.
See Jainism and Votive offering
Western Ganga dynasty
Western Ganga was an important ruling dynasty of ancient Karnataka in India which lasted from about 350 to 1000 CE.
See Jainism and Western Ganga dynasty
Western Satraps
The Western Satraps, or Western Kshatrapas (Brahmi:, Mahakṣatrapa, "Great Satraps") were Indo-Scythian (Saka) rulers of the western and central parts of India (extending from Saurashtra in the south and Malwa in the east, covering modern-day Sindh, Gujarat, Maharashtra, Rajasthan and Madhya Pradesh states), between 35 and 415 CE.
See Jainism and Western Satraps
Wiley (publisher)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley, is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials.
See Jainism and Wiley (publisher)
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.
See Jainism and World Heritage Site
World's Columbian Exposition
The World's Columbian Exposition, also known as the Chicago World's Fair, was a world's fair held in Chicago from May 5 to October 31, 1893, to celebrate the 400th anniversary of Christopher Columbus's arrival in the New World in 1492.
See Jainism and World's Columbian Exposition
Yaksha
The Yakshas (यक्ष,, i) are a broad class of nature spirits, usually benevolent, but sometimes mischievous or capricious, connected with water, fertility, trees, the forest, treasure and wilderness.
Yakshini
Yakshinis or Yakshis (यक्षिणी,, Yakkhiṇī or Yakkhī) are a class of female nature spirits in Hindu, Buddhist, and Jain religious mythologies that are different from Devas and Asuras and Gandharvas or Apsaras.
See also
Dualism in cosmology
- Black-and-white dualism
- Chinese sun and moon mirrors
- Counterparts
- Dualism in cosmology
- Dvaita Vedanta
- Ethical dualism
- Gnosticism
- Incorporeality
- Jainism
- Orléans heresy
- Philosophy and religion of the Tlingit
- Taoism
- Vedanta
- Visions of Amram
- Yanantin
- Yin and yang
- Zoroastrianism
History of religion in India
- Dabestan-e Mazaheb
- Din-i Ilahi
- Goa Inquisition
- Hinduism in India
- History of Buddhism in India
- History of Hinduism
- Jainism
- Mahayana
- Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent
- Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha
- Religion in Andhra Pradesh
- Religion in Tamil Nadu
- Religion in West Bengal
Indian religions
- Ahom religion
- Ajñana
- Ayyavazhi
- Barmati Panth
- Bathouism
- Bharhutbrahma
- Brahmoism
- Buddhism
- Dinkoism
- Donyi-Polo
- Dravidian folk religion
- Folk practices in Punjab
- Haidakhan Babaji
- Hinduism
- Indian religions
- Jainism
- Kirat Mundhum
- Lingayatism
- Meitei mythology
- Meivazhi
- Mun (religion)
- Namassejsantokotha
- Naraka
- Panth
- Prathyaksha Raksha Daiva Sabha
- Punjabi folk religion
- Ravidassia
- Sanamahism
- Sant (religion)
- Sant Mat
- Sari Dharam
- Sarnaism
- Shaheed Shrine
- Sikhism
- Tantra
- The Religion of India
- Tingkao Ragwang Chapriak
- Tribal religions in India
- Zoroastrianism
Nāstika
- Ajñana
- Buddhist influences on Advaita Vedanta
- Buddhist logico-epistemology
- Buddhist philosophy
- Charvaka
- Early Buddhism
- Jainism
- Mahayana
- Sikhism
- Theravada
- Ājīvika
- Āstika and nāstika
Religions that require vegetarianism
References
Also known as Gujarati Jains, Jain, Jain Dharma, Jain Temples in the West, Jain faith, Jain family, Jain mythology, Jain religion, Jaina Dharma, Jainas, Jaini, Jainism and Terapanth, Jainist, Jainists, Jains, Jane religion, Janism, Jin Sashana, Jina Sashana, Jina sāsana, Jiv daya, Nigantha, Niganthas, Niggantha, Puja (Jainism), Religion of nonvoilence, Shraman Dharma, Shramana Dharma, .
, Bhadra (Hindu calendar), Bhadrabāhu, Bharatiya Jnanpith, Bhubaneswar, Bhutabali, Bihar, Bijjala II, Bimbisara, Brahma Jinalaya, Lakkundi, Brahmacharya, Brahman, Brass, British Raj, Buddhism, Burjor Avari, Cambridge University Press, Canada, Cengage Group, Census of India, Chaitra, Chalukya dynasty, Champapuri, Champat Rai Jain, Chandragupta Maurya, Chatra (umbrella), Chavundaraya, Chicago, Clairvoyance, Colorado State University, Common Era, Delhi Sultanate, Dharampur, Gujarat, Dharma, Dharma (Jainism), Dharmachakra, Dhvaja, Digambara, Digambara monk, Dilwara Temples, Diwali, Diwali (Jainism), Diya (lamp), Drilling and blasting, Ellora Caves, Encyclopædia Britannica, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., Europe, Fly-whisk, Ganadhara, Girnar, Girnar Jain temples, Gold, Gommateshwara statue, Government of India, Guṇa, Gujarat, Guru, Gwalior, Hand fan, Harsha, Harvard University, Haryanka dynasty, Hastinapur, Hathigumpha inscription, Heaven, Hell, Hindi Granth Karyalay, Hindu calendar, Hinduism, Hindustan Times, History of India, Hoysala Kingdom, Humayun, Hutheesing Jain Temple, Hymns Ancient and Modern, Iconography, India Tribune, Indian diaspora, Indian History Congress, Indian religions, Indra, Indus Valley Civilisation, Interactionism (philosophy of mind), Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy, Jahangir, Jain communities, Jain cosmology, Jain flag, Jain law, Jain schools and branches, Jain stupa, Jain temples of Khajuraho, Jain vegetarianism, Jainism and non-creationism, Jainism in Africa, Jainism in Canada, Jainism in Delhi, Jainism in Europe, Jainism in Gujarat, Jainism in India, Jainism in Japan, Jainism in Karnataka, Jainism in Maharashtra, Jainism in Rajasthan, Jainism in the United Kingdom, Jainism in the United States, Jainism in Uttar Pradesh, Jal Mandir, Jīva (Jainism), Jharkhand, Jinadattasuri, John E. Cort, Kalachuris of Kalyani, Kalasha, Kalpa Sūtra, Kalugumalai Jain Beds, Kankali Tila, Karma, Karma in Jainism, Karnataka, Kasayapahuda, Kayotsarga, Kāla, Kevala jnana, Khajuraho, Kharavela, Kirti Stambha, Krishna, Kundakunda, Kundalpur, Madhya Pradesh, Kushan Empire, Lacto vegetarianism, Laity, Lakkundi, Lakshmi, Last Judgment, Lingayatism, List of ancient Jains, List of Jains, Lodhurva Jain temple, Los Angeles County Museum of Art, Lotus position, Madhya Pradesh, Madurai, Mahameghavahana dynasty, Mahatma Gandhi, Mahavir Janma Kalyanak, Mahavira, Mahendravarman I, Major religious groups, Mallinatha, Manastambha, Mangi-Tungi, Mangulam, Manichaeism, Mantra, Mathura, Mattavilasa Prahasana, Maurya Empire, Mendicant, Mesopotamia, Metropolitan Museum of Art, Micchami Dukkadam, Ministry of home affairs, Mirror, Moksha, Moksha (Jainism), Monolith, Monsoon, Moodabidri, Motilal Banarsidass, Mount Abu, Mount Kailash, Mughal Empire, Muhammad bin Tughluq, Mularaja, Muslim conquests in the Indian subcontinent, Nagarparkar Jain temples, Nagarparkar Tehsil, Namaste, Namokar Mantra, Nandavarta, Nashik district, National Family Health Survey, Neminatha, Nirjara, Niyamasara, Non-possession, Nondualism, Nonviolence, Odisha, Ohio University Press, Omniscience, Open Court Publishing Company, Oral tradition, Orient Blackswan, Oxford University Press, Pañca-Parameṣṭhi, Padmanabh Jaini, Padmavati (Jainism), Palitana, Palitana temples, Panch Kalyanaka, Panch Kalyanaka Pratishtha Mahotsava, Pandava, Parasparopagraho Jivanam, Parliament of the World's Religions, Parshvanatha, Parshvanatha temple, Khajuraho, Paryushana, Pataini temple, Patna, Paul Dundas, Pawapuri, Pearson Education, Place of worship, Plant soul, Popular Prakashan, Pramana, Psychophysical parallelism, Pudgala, Rajgir, Raksha Bandhan, Rama, Ramanuja, Ranakpur, Ranakpur Jain temple, Rashtrakutas, Ratnakaranda śrāvakācāra, Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India, Reincarnation, Religious denomination, Richard Gombrich, Rishabhanatha, Rishabhdeo, Root vegetable, Routledge, S. Srikanta Sastri, Saavira Kambada Basadi, Sahitya Akademi, Sallekhana, Samavasarana, Samayasāra, Samvara, Samvatsari, Sanskrit, Saraswati, Sari, Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan, Satkhandagama, Satya, Sāmāyika, Schøyen Collection, Seuna (Yadava) dynasty, Shah Jahan, Shankheshwar Parshvanath Jain Temple, Shantisagar, Shikharji, Shravanabelagola, Shri Mahaveer Ji temple, Shrimad Rajchandra, Shrivatsa, Siddha, Siddhashila, Sikhism, Silver, Simandhar, Sindh, Sittanavasal Cave, Statue of Ahimsa, Sthulabhadra, Stupa, Swastika, Tamil Jain, Tamil-Brahmi, Tattvartha Sutra, Telepathy, The Buddha, The Hindu, The Story of My Experiments with Truth, The Telegraph (India), The Times of India, Tijara Jain temple, Time Inc., Tirtha (Jainism), Tirthankara, Transtheism, Triratna, Udayagiri and Khandagiri caves, Udayin, Umaswati, UNESCO, UNESCO Headquarters, United States, University of California Press, University of Chicago Press, Upadhyay, Uttar Pradesh, Uttaradhyayana, Vaishnavism, Valsad district, Vasupujya, Vedas, Veganism, Vegetarianism, Vibhu, Vidisha, Virchand Gandhi, Vishnuvardhana, Votive offering, Western Ganga dynasty, Western Satraps, Wiley (publisher), World Heritage Site, World's Columbian Exposition, Yaksha, Yakshini.