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24 relations: Bogd Khan, Chinese language, Chingünjav, Gelug, Genghis Khan, Jonang, Lama, Lhasa, Mongolia (1911–24), Mongolian People's Republic, Panchen Lama, Qianlong Emperor, Separation of church and state, Taranatha, Tüsheet Khan, Tibetan Buddhism, Ulaanbaatar, Zanabazar, 13th Dalai Lama, 14th Dalai Lama, 2nd Jebtsundamba Khutughtu, 3rd Jebtsundamba Khutughtu, 6th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu, 9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu.
Bogd Khan
The Bogd Khan (Богд хаан; 1869–1924) was enthroned as Khagan of Mongolia (Bogd Khaganate) on 29 December 1911, when Outer Mongolia declared independence from the Qing dynasty after the Xinhai Revolution.
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Chinese language
Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
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Chingünjav
Chingunjavi (Чингүн, also known as Admiral Chingün, Чингүн., 1710–1757) was the Khalka prince ruler of the Khotogoids and one of the two major leaders of the 1756-57 rebellion in Outer Mongolia.
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Gelug
The Gelug (Wylie: dGe-Lugs-Pa) is the newest of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Genghis Khan
Genghis Khan or Temüjin Borjigin (Чингис хаан, Çingis hán) (also transliterated as Chinggis Khaan; born Temüjin, c. 1162 August 18, 1227) was the founder and first Great Khan of the Mongol Empire, which became the largest contiguous empire in history after his death.
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Jonang
The Jonang is one of the schools of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Lama
Lama ("chief" or "high priest") is a title for a teacher of the Dhamma in Tibetan Buddhism.
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Lhasa
Lhasa is a city and administrative capital of the Tibet Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China.
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Mongolia (1911–24)
The Bogd Khaanate of Mongolia was the government of Mongolia (Outer Mongolia) between 1911 and 1919 and again from 1921 to 1924.
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Mongolian People's Republic
The Mongolian People's Republic (Бүгд Найрамдах Монгол Ард Улс (БНМАУ), Bügd Nairamdakh Mongol Ard Uls (BNMAU)), commonly known as Outer Mongolia, was a unitary sovereign socialist state which existed between 1924 and 1992, coterminous with the present-day country of Mongolia in East Asia.
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Panchen Lama
The Panchen Lama is a tulku of the Gelug school of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Qianlong Emperor
The Qianlong Emperor (25 September 1711 – 7 February 1799) was the sixth emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty, and the fourth Qing emperor to rule over China proper.
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Separation of church and state
The separation of church and state is a philosophic and jurisprudential concept for defining political distance in the relationship between religious organizations and the nation state.
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Taranatha
Tāranātha (1575–1634) was a Lama of the Jonang school of Tibetan Buddhism.
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Tüsheet Khan
Tüsheet Khan (Mongolian: Түшээт хаан) refers to the territory as well as the Chingizid dynastic rulers of the Tüsheet Khanate, one of four Khalkha Mongolian Khanates that emerged from remnants of the Mongol Empire after the death of Dayan Khan's son Gersenji in 1549 and which continued until 1930.
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Tibetan Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism is the form of Buddhist doctrine and institutions named after the lands of Tibet, but also found in the regions surrounding the Himalayas and much of Central Asia.
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Ulaanbaatar
Ulaanbaatar, formerly anglicised as Ulan Bator (Улаанбаатар,, Ulaγanbaγatur, literally "Red Hero"), is the capital and largest city of Mongolia. The city is not part of any aimag (province), and its population was over 1.3 million, almost half of the country's total population. Located in north central Mongolia, the municipality lies at an elevation of about in a valley on the Tuul River. It is the country's cultural, industrial and financial heart, the centre of Mongolia's road network and connected by rail to both the Trans-Siberian Railway in Russia and the Chinese railway system. The city was founded in 1639 as a nomadic Buddhist monastic centre. In 1778, it settled permanently at its present location, the junction of the Tuul and Selbe rivers. Before that, it changed location twenty-eight times, with each location being chosen ceremonially. In the twentieth century, Ulaanbaatar grew into a major manufacturing center. Ulaanbaatar is a member of the Asian Network of Major Cities 21. The city's official website lists Moscow, Hohhot, Seoul, Sapporo and Denver as sister cities.
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Zanabazar
Öndör Gegeen Zanabazar, born Eshidorji, was the sixteenth Jebtsundamba Khutuktu and the first Bogd Gegeen, or supreme spiritual authority, of the Gelugpa (Yellow Hat) lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Outer Mongolia. The son of a Mongol Tüsheet Khan, Zanabazar was declared spiritual leader of Khalkha Mongols by a convocation of nobles in 1639 when he was just four years old. The 5th Dalai Lama (1617–1682) later recognized him as the reincarnation of the Buddhist scholar Taranatha and bestowed on him the Sanskrit name Jñānavajra (Sanskrit: ज्ञानवज्र, Zanabazar in Mongolian) meaning "thunderbolt scepter of wisdom". Over the course of nearly 60 years, Zanabazar advanced the Gelugpa school of Buddhism among the Mongols, supplanting or synthesizing Sakya or "Red Hat" Buddhist traditions that had prevailed in the area, while strongly influencing social and political developments in 17th century Mongolia. His close ties with both Khalka Mongol leaders and the devout Kangxi Emperor facilitated the Khalkha's submission to Qing rule in 1691. In addition to his spiritual and political roles, Zanabazar was a polymath – a prodigious sculptor, painter, architect, poet, costume designer, scholar, and linguist, who is credited with launching Mongolia's seventeenth century cultural renaissance. He is best known for his intricate and elegant Buddhist sculptures created in the Nepali-derived style, two of the most famous being the White Tara and Varajradhara, sculpted in the 1680s. To aid translation of sacred Tibetan texts, he created the Soyombo script from which sprang the Soyombo that later became a national symbol of Mongolia. Zanabazar used his artistic output to promote Buddhism among all levels of Khalkha society and unify Khalkha Mongol tribes during a time of social and political turmoil.
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13th Dalai Lama
Thubten Gyatso (shortened from Ngawang Lobsang Thupten Gyatso Jigdral Chokley Namgyal;; 12 February 1876 – 17 December 1933) was the 13th Dalai Lama of Tibet.
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14th Dalai Lama
The 14th Dalai Lama (religious name: Tenzin Gyatso, shortened from Jetsun Jamphel Ngawang Lobsang Yeshe Tenzin Gyatso; born Lhamo Thondup, 6 July 1935) is the current Dalai Lama.
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2nd Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
The 2nd Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (1724-1757), was the second incarnation of the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the spiritual heads of the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Outer Mongolia.
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3rd Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
The 3rd Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (1758-1773), was the third incarnation of the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the spiritual heads of the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Outer Mongolia.
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6th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
The 6th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (1842–1848), was the sixth incarnation of the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the spiritual heads of the Gelug lineage of Tibetan Buddhism in Mongolia, and the fourth of Tibetan descent.
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9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu
The 9th Jebtsundamba Khutughtu (January 6, 1933 – March 1, 2012) was the 9th reincarnation of the Jebtsundamba Khutuktu, the third highest lama in the Tibetan Buddhism hierarchy and the spiritual leader of the Gelug lineage among the Khalkha Mongols.
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Bogd Gegeen, Bogd Gegen, Bogdo gegeen, Bogdo gegen, Boghda Gegeen, Javzandamba, Javzandamba Hutagt, Javzandamba Khutagt, Jebtsun Damba, Jebtsun Damba Khutuktu, Jebtsun-damba, Jebtsun-damba Khutuktu, Jebtsundamba, Jebtsundamba Khutughtu, Jedsundamba Khutukhtu, Jetsun Damba, Jetsun Dampa, Jetsun Dhampa, Jetsundamba, Jezuen Tamba, Jezun Tamba, Jêzün Tamba, Khalkha Jebtsundamba Khutughtu, Khalkha Jetsun Dampa, Rjebtsun Dampa.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jebtsundamba_Khutuktu
