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Martin Gardner

Index Martin Gardner

Martin Gardner (October 21, 1914May 22, 2010) was an American popular mathematics and popular science writer, with interests also encompassing scientific skepticism, micromagic, philosophy, religion, and literature—especially the writings of Lewis Carroll, L. Frank Baum, and G. K. Chesterton. [1]

257 relations: A Visit from St. Nicholas, Afterlife, Alex Bellos, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, American Academy of Arts and Sciences, American Association of Physics Teachers, American Mathematical Society, Anagram, Anderson Mesa Station, Annotated edition, Arthur C. Clarke, Arthur Harold Stone, Asimov's Science Fiction, Astrology, Atlanta, Atlantic Ocean, Atlantis, B. F. Skinner, Bates method, BBC News Online, Benoit Mandelbrot, Bertrand Russell, Bill Gosper, Black Widowers, Bridey Murphy, British Origami Society, Calculus, Carl B. Allendoerfer Award, Carl Sagan, Casey at the Bat, Charles Fort, Charles Sanders Peirce, Chiropractic, Christian Science, Close-up magic, Colm Mulcahy, Committee for Skeptical Inquiry, Consciousness, Consistency, Conway's Game of Life, Creationism, Crucifixion (Corpus Hypercubus), Dai Vernon, David A. Klarner, David Auerbach, Debunker, Dennis Shasha, Dianetics, Dmitri Borgmann, Donald Knuth, ..., Douglas Hofstadter, Dowsing, Edward L. G. Bowell, Elwyn Berlekamp, Erik Demaine, Euclid, Extrasensory perception, Fad diet, Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science, Father Brown, Fermat's Last Theorem, Fibonacci number, Fideism, Flat Earth, Flexagon, Formalism (philosophy of mathematics), Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television, Four color theorem, Four-dimensional space, Fractal, Fringe science, Fuzzy logic, G. K. Chesterton, Gathering 4 Gardner, Gödel, Escher, Bach, General semantics, George Pólya Award, Graphology, Great books, Greenwood Publishing Group, Grook, H. G. Wells, Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter, Hastings-on-Hudson, New York, Helena Blavatsky, Hendersonville, North Carolina, Henry Dudeney, Hex (board game), History of African Americans in Chicago, Homeopathy, Horace Fletcher, HuffPost, Humpty Dumpty, Humpty Dumpty (magazine), Hypercube, Ian Stewart (mathematician), Immanuel Kant, Independent Investigations Group, Irving Joshua Matrix, Isaac Asimov, James Randi, Jerry Andrus, Jerry Mander, Joe M. Turner, John Horton Conway, Joint Policy Board for Mathematics, Journal of Recreational Mathematics, Knot theory, Kurt Gödel, L. Frank Baum, Laffer curve, Lamarckism, Lee Sallows, Lemuria (continent), Leroy P. Steele Prize, Lewis Carroll, List of Martin Gardner Mathematical Games columns, List of Oz books, Literature, Logology, Los Angeles Review of Books, M. C. Escher, Magic (American magazine), Marcello Truzzi, Marvin Minsky, Mary Baker Eddy, Math Horizons, Mathematical Association of America, Möbius strip, Mentalism, Metamagical Themas, Michael Shermer, Miguel de Unamuno, Miracle, MMR vaccine controversy, Monster group, Mortimer J. Adler, Nashville Scene, Nature (journal), New Age, New mysterianism, New York City, Newcomb's paradox, Noam Chomsky, Nontransitive dice, Norman, Oklahoma, Notices of the American Mathematical Society, Numerology, Oprah Winfrey, Orgone, Palmistry, Pascal's triangle, Paul Halmos, Paul Kurtz, Penn & Teller, Penrose tiling, Pentomino, Persi Diaconis, Petroleum geologist, Philip J. Davis, Philip J. Klass, Philosophical theism, Philosophy, Philosophy of mathematics, Phrenology, Physics World, Piet Hein (scientist), Plato, Playing card, Polyomino, Popular mathematics, Popular science, Prayer, Princeton University Press, Pseudoscience, Psychic, Psychokinesis, Puzzle, Quantum mechanics, Ray Hyman, Raymond Smullyan, Recreational mathematics, Religion, Rep-tile, Reuben Hersh, Revelation, Richard Dawkins, Richard K. Guy, Robert Maynard Hutchins, Robert Nozick, Roger Penrose, Ron Rivest, Ronald Graham, RSA (cryptosystem), Rudolf Carnap, Rudolf Steiner, Salvador Dalí, Sam Loyd, Scientific American, Scientology, Scott Kim, Shawnee State University, Skeptical Inquirer, Skeptical movement, Skepticism, Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics, Society of American Magicians, Solomon W. Golomb, Soma cube, Spontaneous generation, Spoon bending, Squaring the square, Stephen Jay Gould, Superellipse, Surrender of Japan, Tangram, The Ambidextrous Universe, The Annotated Alice, The Antioch Review, The College Mathematics Journal, The Economist, The Hunting of the Snark, The International Wizard of Oz Club, The Magic Castle, The Man Who Was Thursday, The Mathematical Experience, The Mathematical Intelligencer, The New York Review of Books, The New York Times, The Physics Teacher, The Rime of the Ancient Mariner, The Sphinx (magazine), The Wall Street Journal, Three Prisoners problem, Through the Looking-Glass, Transfinite number, Trap Door Spiders, Tulsa Tribune, Tulsa, Oklahoma, Ufology, Unexpected hanging paradox, University of Chicago, University of Oklahoma, Uri Geller, USS Pope (DE-134), Vegetarianism, Vi Hart, Visitors from Oz, W. H. Auden, William F. Buckley Jr., William James, Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays, Word Ways, World War II, Worlds in Collision, Yeoman (United States Navy), Zeno's paradoxes. Expand index (207 more) »

A Visit from St. Nicholas

"A Visit from St.

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Afterlife

Afterlife (also referred to as life after death or the hereafter) is the belief that an essential part of an individual's identity or the stream of consciousness continues to manifest after the death of the physical body.

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Alex Bellos

Alexander Bellos (born 1969) is a British writer and broadcaster.

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Alice's Adventures in Wonderland

Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (commonly shortened to Alice in Wonderland) is an 1865 novel written by English author Charles Lutwidge Dodgson under the pseudonym Lewis Carroll.

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American Academy of Arts and Sciences

The American Academy of Arts and Sciences is one of the oldest learned societies in the United States of America.

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American Association of Physics Teachers

The American Association of Physics Teachers (AAPT) was founded in 1930 for the purpose of "dissemination of knowledge of physics, particularly by way of teaching." There are more than 10,000 members that reside in over 30 countries.

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American Mathematical Society

The American Mathematical Society (AMS) is an association of professional mathematicians dedicated to the interests of mathematical research and scholarship, and serves the national and international community through its publications, meetings, advocacy and other programs.

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Anagram

An anagram is a word or phrase formed by rearranging the letters of a different word or phrase, typically using all the original letters exactly once.

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Anderson Mesa Station

Anderson Mesa Station is an astronomical observatory established in 1959 as a dark-sky observing site for Lowell Observatory.

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Annotated edition

An annotated edition is a literary work where marginal comments have been added to explain, interpret, or illuminate words, phrases, themes, or other elements of the text.

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Arthur C. Clarke

Sir Arthur Charles Clarke (16 December 1917 – 19 March 2008) was a British science fiction writer, science writer and futurist, inventor, undersea explorer, and television series host.

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Arthur Harold Stone

Arthur Harold Stone (30 September 1916 – 6 August 2000) was a British mathematician born in London, who worked mostly in topology.

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Asimov's Science Fiction

Asimov's Science Fiction (ISSN 1065-2698) is an American science fiction magazine which publishes science fiction and fantasy named after science fiction author Isaac Asimov.

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Astrology

Astrology is the study of the movements and relative positions of celestial objects as a means for divining information about human affairs and terrestrial events.

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Atlanta

Atlanta is the capital city and most populous municipality of the state of Georgia in the United States.

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Atlantic Ocean

The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.

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Atlantis

Atlantis (Ἀτλαντὶς νῆσος, "island of Atlas") is a fictional island mentioned within an allegory on the hubris of nations in Plato's works Timaeus and Critias, where it represents the antagonist naval power that besieges "Ancient Athens", the pseudo-historic embodiment of Plato's ideal state in The Republic.

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B. F. Skinner

Burrhus Frederic Skinner (March 20, 1904 – August 18, 1990), commonly known as B. F. Skinner, was an American psychologist, behaviorist, author, inventor, and social philosopher.

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Bates method

The Bates method is an alternative therapy aimed at improving eyesight.

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BBC News Online

BBC News Online is the website of BBC News, the division of the BBC responsible for newsgathering and production.

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Benoit Mandelbrot

Benoit B.  Mandelbrot  (20 November 1924 – 14 October 2010) was a Polish-born, French and American mathematician and polymath with broad interests in the practical sciences, especially regarding what he labeled as "the art of roughness" of physical phenomena and "the uncontrolled element in life".

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Bertrand Russell

Bertrand Arthur William Russell, 3rd Earl Russell, (18 May 1872 – 2 February 1970) was a British philosopher, logician, mathematician, historian, writer, social critic, political activist, and Nobel laureate.

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Bill Gosper

Ralph William Gosper Jr. (born April 26, 1943), known as Bill Gosper, is an American mathematician and programmer.

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Black Widowers

The Black Widowers is a fictional men-only dining club created by Isaac Asimov for a series of sixty-six mystery stories that he started writing in 1971.

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Bridey Murphy

Bridey Murphy is a purported 19th-century Irishwoman who U.S. housewife Virginia Tighe (April 27, 1923 – July 12, 1995) claimed to be in a past life.

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British Origami Society

The British Origami Society is a registered charity (no. 293039), devoted to the art of origami (paper folding).

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Calculus

Calculus (from Latin calculus, literally 'small pebble', used for counting and calculations, as on an abacus), is the mathematical study of continuous change, in the same way that geometry is the study of shape and algebra is the study of generalizations of arithmetic operations.

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Carl B. Allendoerfer Award

The Carl B. Allendoerfer Award is presented annually by the Mathematical Association of America (MAA) for "expository excellence published in Mathematics Magazine." it is named after mathematician Carl B. Allendoerfer who was president of the MAA 1959–60.

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Carl Sagan

Carl Edward Sagan (November 9, 1934 – December 20, 1996) was an American astronomer, cosmologist, astrophysicist, astrobiologist, author, science popularizer, and science communicator in astronomy and other natural sciences.

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Casey at the Bat

"Casey at the Bat: A Ballad of the Republic Sung in the Year 1888" is a baseball poem written in 1888 by Ernest Thayer.

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Charles Fort

Charles Hoy Fort (August 6, 1874 – May 3, 1932) was an American writer and researcher who specialized in anomalous phenomena.

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Charles Sanders Peirce

Charles Sanders Peirce ("purse"; 10 September 1839 – 19 April 1914) was an American philosopher, logician, mathematician, and scientist who is sometimes known as "the father of pragmatism".

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Chiropractic

Chiropractic is a form of alternative medicine mostly concerned with the diagnosis and treatment of mechanical disorders of the musculoskeletal system, especially the spine.

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Christian Science

Christian Science is a set of beliefs and practices belonging to the metaphysical family of new religious movements.

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Close-up magic

Close-up magic (also known as table magic or micromagic) is magic performed in an intimate setting usually no more than ten feet (three metres) from one's audience and is usually performed while sitting at a table.

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Colm Mulcahy

Colm Mulcahy (born September 1958) is an Irish mathematician, academic, columnist, book author, public outreach speaker, and amateur magician, long on the faculty of Spelman College.

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Committee for Skeptical Inquiry

The Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI), formerly known as the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP), is a program within the transnational American non-profit educational organization Center for Inquiry (CFI), which seeks to "promote scientific inquiry, critical investigation, and the use of reason in examining controversial and extraordinary claims." Paul Kurtz proposed the establishment of CSICOP in 1976 as an independent non-profit organization (before merging with CFI as one of its programs in 2015), to counter what he regarded as an uncritical acceptance of, and support for, paranormal claims by both the media and society in general.

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Consciousness

Consciousness is the state or quality of awareness, or, of being aware of an external object or something within oneself.

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Consistency

In classical deductive logic, a consistent theory is one that does not contain a contradiction.

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Conway's Game of Life

The Game of Life, also known simply as Life, is a cellular automaton devised by the British mathematician John Horton Conway in 1970.

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Creationism

Creationism is the religious belief that the universe and life originated "from specific acts of divine creation",Gunn 2004, p. 9, "The Concise Oxford Dictionary says that creationism is 'the belief that the universe and living organisms originated from specific acts of divine creation.'" as opposed to the scientific conclusion that they came about through natural processes.

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Crucifixion (Corpus Hypercubus)

Crucifixion (Corpus Hypercubus) is a 1954 oil-on-canvas painting by Salvador Dalí.

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Dai Vernon

Dai Vernon (pronounced alternatively as DIE or as DAY as in David) (June 11, 1894 – August 21, 1992), a.k.a. The Professor, was a Canadian magician.

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David A. Klarner

David Anthony Klarner (October 10, 1940March 20, 1999) was an American mathematician, author, and educator.

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David Auerbach

David Auerbach is an American writer with a background in software engineering.

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Debunker

A debunker is a person or organization who attempts to expose or discredit claims believed to be false, exaggerated, or pretentious.

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Dennis Shasha

Dennis Elliot Shasha is a professor of computer science at the Courant Institute of Mathematical Sciences, a division of New York University.

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Dianetics

Dianetics (from Greek dia, meaning "through", and nous, meaning "mind") is a set of ideas and practices regarding the metaphysical relationship between the mind and body created by science fiction writer L. Ron Hubbard.

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Dmitri Borgmann

Dmitri A. Borgmann (October 22, 1927 – December 7, 1985) was a German-American author best known for his work in recreational linguistics.

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Donald Knuth

Donald Ervin Knuth (born January 10, 1938) is an American computer scientist, mathematician, and professor emeritus at Stanford University.

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Douglas Hofstadter

Douglas Richard Hofstadter (born February 15, 1945) is an American professor of cognitive science whose research focuses on the sense of self in relation to the external world, consciousness, analogy-making, artistic creation, literary translation, and discovery in mathematics and physics.

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Dowsing

Dowsing is a type of divination employed in attempts to locate ground water, buried metals or ores, gemstones, oil, gravesites, and many other objects and materials without the use of scientific apparatus.

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Edward L. G. Bowell

Edward L. G. "Ted" Bowell (born 1943 in London), is an American astronomer.

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Elwyn Berlekamp

Elwyn Ralph Berlekamp (born September 6, 1940) is an American mathematician.

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Erik Demaine

Erik D. Demaine (born 28 February 1981) is a professor of Computer Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and a former child prodigy.

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Euclid

Euclid (Εὐκλείδης Eukleidēs; fl. 300 BC), sometimes given the name Euclid of Alexandria to distinguish him from Euclides of Megara, was a Greek mathematician, often referred to as the "founder of geometry" or the "father of geometry".

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Extrasensory perception

Extrasensory perception or ESP, also called sixth sense or second sight, includes claimed reception of information not gained through the recognized physical senses, but sensed with the mind.

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Fad diet

A fad diet or diet cult is a diet that makes promises of weight loss or other health advantages such as longer life without backing by solid science, and in many cases are characterized by highly restrictive or unusual food choices.

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Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science

Fads and Fallacies in the Name of Science (1957)—originally published in 1952 as In the Name of Science: An Entertaining Survey of the High Priests and Cultists of Science, Past and Present—was Martin Gardner's second book.

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Father Brown

Father Brown is a fictional Roman Catholic priest and amateur detective who is featured in 53 short stories published between 1910 and 1936 written by English novelist G. K. Chesterton.

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Fermat's Last Theorem

In number theory, Fermat's Last Theorem (sometimes called Fermat's conjecture, especially in older texts) states that no three positive integers,, and satisfy the equation for any integer value of greater than 2.

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Fibonacci number

In mathematics, the Fibonacci numbers are the numbers in the following integer sequence, called the Fibonacci sequence, and characterized by the fact that every number after the first two is the sum of the two preceding ones: Often, especially in modern usage, the sequence is extended by one more initial term: By definition, the first two numbers in the Fibonacci sequence are either 1 and 1, or 0 and 1, depending on the chosen starting point of the sequence, and each subsequent number is the sum of the previous two.

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Fideism

Fideism is an epistemological theory which maintains that faith is independent of reason, or that reason and faith are hostile to each other and faith is superior at arriving at particular truths (see natural theology).

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Flat Earth

The flat Earth model is an archaic conception of Earth's shape as a plane or disk.

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Flexagon

In geometry, flexagons are flat models, usually constructed by folding strips of paper, that can be flexed or folded in certain ways to reveal faces besides the two that were originally on the back and front.

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Formalism (philosophy of mathematics)

In foundations of mathematics, philosophy of mathematics, and philosophy of logic, formalism is a theory that holds that statements of mathematics and logic can be considered to be statements about the consequences of certain string manipulation rules.

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Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television

Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television (1978) is a book by Jerry Mander, who argues that many of the problems with television are inherent in the medium and technology itself, and thus cannot be reformed.

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Four color theorem

In mathematics, the four color theorem, or the four color map theorem, states that, given any separation of a plane into contiguous regions, producing a figure called a map, no more than four colors are required to color the regions of the map so that no two adjacent regions have the same color.

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Four-dimensional space

A four-dimensional space or 4D space is a mathematical extension of the concept of three-dimensional or 3D space.

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Fractal

In mathematics, a fractal is an abstract object used to describe and simulate naturally occurring objects.

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Fringe science

Fringe science is an inquiry in an established field of study which departs significantly from mainstream theories in that field and is considered to be questionable by the mainstream.

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Fuzzy logic

Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth values of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1.

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G. K. Chesterton

Gilbert Keith Chesterton, KC*SG (29 May 1874 – 14 June 1936), was an English writer, poet, philosopher, dramatist, journalist, orator, lay theologian, biographer, and literary and art critic.

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Gathering 4 Gardner

Gathering 4 Gardner (G4G) is an educational foundation and non-profit corporation (Gathering 4 Gardner, Inc.) devoted to preserving the legacy and spirit of prolific writer Martin Gardner.

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Gödel, Escher, Bach

Gödel, Escher, Bach: An Eternal Golden Braid, also known as GEB, is a 1979 book by Douglas Hofstadter.

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General semantics

General semantics is a self improvement and therapy program begun in the 1920s that seeks to regulate human mental habits and behaviors.

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George Pólya Award

The George Pólya Award is a mathematical prize established in 1976 and awarded since 1977 by the Mathematical Association of America (MAA) for quality articles published in the MAA-edited College Mathematics Journal.

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Graphology

Graphology (or graphoanalysis, but not graphanalysis) is the analysis of the physical characteristics and patterns of handwriting claiming to be able to identify the writer, indicating psychological state at the time of writing, or evaluating personality characteristics.

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Great books

The great books are books that are thought to constitute an essential foundation in the literature of Western culture.

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Greenwood Publishing Group

ABC-CLIO/Greenwood is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-CLIO.

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Grook

A grook ("gruk" in Danish) is a form of short aphoristic poem or rhyming aphorism, created by the Danish poet, designer, inventor and scientist Piet Hein, who wrote over 7000 of them, mostly in Danish or English.

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H. G. Wells

Herbert George Wells.

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Harold Scott MacDonald Coxeter

Harold Scott MacDonald "Donald" Coxeter, FRS, FRSC, (February 9, 1907 – March 31, 2003) was a British-born Canadian geometer.

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Hastings-on-Hudson, New York

Hastings-on-Hudson is a village and inner suburb of New York City located in the southwest part of the town of Greenburgh in the state of New York, United States.

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Helena Blavatsky

Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (Еле́на Петро́вна Блава́тская, Yelena Petrovna Blavatskaya; 8 May 1891) was a Russian occultist, philosopher, and author who co-founded the Theosophical Society in 1875.

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Hendersonville, North Carolina

Hendersonville is a city in Henderson County, North Carolina, United States.

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Henry Dudeney

Henry Ernest Dudeney (10 April 1857 – 23 April 1930) was an English author and mathematician who specialised in logic puzzles and mathematical games.

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Hex (board game)

Hex is a strategy board game for two players played on a hexagonal grid, theoretically of any size and several possible shapes, but traditionally as an 11×11 rhombus.

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History of African Americans in Chicago

The history of African Americans in Chicago dates back to Jean Baptiste Point du Sable’s trading activities in the 1780s.

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Homeopathy

Homeopathy or homœopathy is a system of alternative medicine developed in 1796 by Samuel Hahnemann, based on his doctrine of like cures like (similia similibus curentur), a claim that a substance that causes the symptoms of a disease in healthy people would cure similar symptoms in sick people.

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Horace Fletcher

Horace Fletcher (1849–1919) was an American health food enthusiast of the Victorian era who earned the nickname "The Great Masticator", by arguing that food should be chewed about 100 times per minute before being swallowed: "Nature will castigate those who don't masticate".

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HuffPost

HuffPost (formerly The Huffington Post and sometimes abbreviated HuffPo) is a liberal American news and opinion website and blog that has both localized and international editions.

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Humpty Dumpty

Humpty Dumpty is a character in an English nursery rhyme, probably originally a riddle and one of the best known in the English-speaking world.

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Humpty Dumpty (magazine)

Humpty Dumpty is a bimonthly American magazine for children 2 to 6 years old that takes its title from the nursery rhyme of the same name.

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Hypercube

In geometry, a hypercube is an ''n''-dimensional analogue of a square and a cube.

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Ian Stewart (mathematician)

Ian Nicholas Stewart (born 24 September 1945) is a British mathematician and a popular-science and science-fiction writer.

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Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher who is a central figure in modern philosophy.

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Independent Investigations Group

The Independent Investigations Group (IIG) is a volunteer-based organization founded by James Underdown in January 2000 at the Center for Inquiry-West (now Center for Inquiry – Los Angeles) in Hollywood, California.

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Irving Joshua Matrix

Irving Joshua Matrix — born (Japan, 1908) as Irving Joshua Bush and commonly known as Dr. (I. J.) Matrix — was a fictitious polymath scientist, scholar, cowboy, and entrepreneur who made extraordinary contributions to perpetual motion engineering, Biblical cryptography and numerology, pyramid power, pentagonal meditation, extra-sensory perception, psychic metallurgy, and a number of other topics.

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Isaac Asimov

Isaac Asimov (January 2, 1920 – April 6, 1992) was an American writer and professor of biochemistry at Boston University.

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James Randi

James Randi (born Randall James Hamilton Zwinge; August 7, 1928) is a Canadian-American retired stage magician and a scientific skeptic who has extensively challenged paranormal and pseudoscientific claims.

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Jerry Andrus

Jerry Andrus (January 28, 1918 – August 26, 2007) was an American magician and writer known internationally for his original close-up, sleight-of-hand tricks and optical illusions, such as the "Linking Pins".

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Jerry Mander

Jerold Irwin "Jerry" Mander (born May 1, 1936) is an American activist and author, best known for his 1977 book, Four Arguments for the Elimination of Television.

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Joe M. Turner

Joe M. Turner (born November 23, 1969) is an American magician, mentalist, and professional speaker.

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John Horton Conway

John Horton Conway FRS (born 26 December 1937) is an English mathematician active in the theory of finite groups, knot theory, number theory, combinatorial game theory and coding theory.

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Joint Policy Board for Mathematics

The Joint Policy Board for Mathematics (JPBM) consists of the American Mathematical Society, the American Statistical Association, the Mathematical Association of America, and the Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics.

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Journal of Recreational Mathematics

The Journal of Recreational Mathematics was an American journal dedicated to recreational mathematics, started in 1968.

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Knot theory

In topology, knot theory is the study of mathematical knots.

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Kurt Gödel

Kurt Friedrich Gödel (April 28, 1906 – January 14, 1978) was an Austrian, and later American, logician, mathematician, and philosopher.

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L. Frank Baum

Lyman Frank Baum (May 15, 1856 – May 6, 1919), better known as L. Frank Baum, was an American author chiefly famous for his children's books, particularly The Wonderful Wizard of Oz and its sequels.

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Laffer curve

In economics, the Laffer curve illustrates a theoretical relationship between rates of taxation and the resulting levels of government revenue.

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Lamarckism

Lamarckism (or Lamarckian inheritance) is the hypothesis that an organism can pass on characteristics that it has acquired through use or disuse during its lifetime to its offspring.

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Lee Sallows

Lee Cecil Fletcher Sallows (born April 30, 1944) is a British electronics engineer known for his contributions to recreational mathematics.

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Lemuria (continent)

Lemuria is the name of a "lost land" located either in the Indian or the Pacific Ocean, as postulated by a now-discredited 19th century scientific theory.

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Leroy P. Steele Prize

The Leroy P. Steele Prizes are awarded every year by the American Mathematical Society, for distinguished research work and writing in the field of mathematics.

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Lewis Carroll

Charles Lutwidge Dodgson (27 January 1832 – 14 January 1898), better known by his pen name Lewis Carroll, was an English writer, mathematician, logician, Anglican deacon, and photographer.

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List of Martin Gardner Mathematical Games columns

Over a period of 24 years (January 1957 – December 1980), Martin Gardner wrote 288 consecutive "Mathematical Games" columns for Scientific American magazine.

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List of Oz books

The Oz books form a book series that begins with The Wonderful Wizard of Oz (1900) and relate the fictional history of the Land of Oz.

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Literature

Literature, most generically, is any body of written works.

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Logology

Logology, (or Ludolinguistics) is the field of recreational linguistics, an activity that encompasses a wide variety of word games and wordplay.

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Los Angeles Review of Books

The Los Angeles Review of Books (LARB) is a literary review journal covering the national and international book scenes.

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M. C. Escher

Maurits Cornelis Escher (17 June 1898 – 27 March 1972) was a Dutch graphic artist who made mathematically-inspired woodcuts, lithographs, and mezzotints.

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Magic (American magazine)

MAGIC, also known as The Magazine for Magicians, was an independent magazine for magicians that was based in Las Vegas, Nevada.

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Marcello Truzzi

Marcello Truzzi (September 6, 1935 – February 2, 2003) was a professor of sociology at New College of Florida and later at Eastern Michigan University, founding co-chairman of the Committee for the Scientific Investigation of Claims of the Paranormal (CSICOP), a founder of the Society for Scientific Exploration, and director for the Center for Scientific Anomalies Research.

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Marvin Minsky

Marvin Lee Minsky (August 9, 1927 – January 24, 2016) was an American cognitive scientist concerned largely with research of artificial intelligence (AI), co-founder of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology's AI laboratory, and author of several texts concerning AI and philosophy.

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Mary Baker Eddy

Mary Baker Eddy (July 16, 1821 – December 3, 1910) established the Church of Christ, Scientist, as a Christian denomination and worldwide movement of spiritual healers.

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Math Horizons

Math Horizons is a magazine aimed at undergraduates interested in mathematics, published by the Mathematical Association of America.

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Mathematical Association of America

The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) is a professional society that focuses on mathematics accessible at the undergraduate level.

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Möbius strip

The Möbius strip or Möbius band, also spelled Mobius or Moebius, is a surface with only one side (when embedded in three-dimensional Euclidean space) and only one boundary.

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Mentalism

Mentalism is a performing art in which its practitioners, known as mentalists, appear to demonstrate highly developed mental or intuitive abilities.

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Metamagical Themas

Metamagical Themas is an eclectic collection of articles that Douglas Hofstadter wrote for the popular science magazine Scientific American during the early 1980s.

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Michael Shermer

Michael Brant Shermer (born September 8, 1954) is an American science writer, historian of science, founder of The Skeptics Society, and editor-in-chief of its magazine Skeptic, which is largely devoted to investigating pseudoscientific and supernatural claims.

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Miguel de Unamuno

Miguel de Unamuno y Jugo (29 September 1864 – 31 December 1936) was a Spanish Basque essayist, novelist, poet, playwright, philosopher, professor of Greek and Classics, and later rector at the University of Salamanca.

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Miracle

A miracle is an event not explicable by natural or scientific laws.

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MMR vaccine controversy

The MMR vaccine controversy started with the 1998 publication of a fraudulent research paper in The Lancet linking the combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine to colitis and autism spectrum disorders.

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Monster group

In the area of modern algebra known as group theory, the Monster group M (also known as the Fischer–Griess Monster, or the Friendly Giant) is the largest sporadic simple group, having order The finite simple groups have been completely classified.

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Mortimer J. Adler

Mortimer Jerome Adler (December 28, 1902 – June 28, 2001) was an American philosopher, educator, and popular author.

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Nashville Scene

Nashville Scene is an alternative newsweekly in Nashville, Tennessee.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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New Age

New Age is a term applied to a range of spiritual or religious beliefs and practices that developed in Western nations during the 1970s.

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New mysterianism

New mysterianism—or commonly just mysterianism—is a philosophical position proposing that the hard problem of consciousness cannot be resolved by humans.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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Newcomb's paradox

In philosophy and mathematics, Newcomb's paradox, also referred to as Newcomb's problem, is a thought experiment involving a game between two players, one of whom purports to be able to predict the future.

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Noam Chomsky

Avram Noam Chomsky (born December 7, 1928) is an American linguist, philosopher, cognitive scientist, historian, social critic and political activist.

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Nontransitive dice

A set of dice is nontransitive if it contains three dice, A, B, and C, with the property that A rolls higher than B more than half the time, and B rolls higher than C more than half the time, but it is not true that A rolls higher than C more than half the time.

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Norman, Oklahoma

Norman is a city in the U.S. state of Oklahoma south of downtown Oklahoma City in its metropolitan area.

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Notices of the American Mathematical Society

Notices of the American Mathematical Society is the membership journal of the American Mathematical Society (AMS), published monthly except for the combined June/July issue.

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Numerology

Numerology is any belief in the divine or mystical relationship between a number and one or more coinciding events.

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Oprah Winfrey

Oprah Winfrey (born Orpah Gail Winfrey; January 29, 1954) is an American media proprietor, talk show host, actress, producer, and philanthropist.

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Orgone

Orgone is a pseudo-scientific and spiritual concept described as an esoteric energy or hypothetical universal life force, originally proposed in the 1930s by Wilhelm Reich.

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Palmistry

Palmistry, or chiromancy (also spelled cheiromancy; from Greek kheir (χεῖρ, ός; "hand") and manteia (μαντεία, ας; "divination"), is the claim of characterization and foretelling the future through the study of the palm, also known as chirology, or in popular culture as palm reading. The practice is found all over the world, with numerous cultural variations. Those who practice chiromancy are generally called palmists, hand readers, hand analysts, or chirologists. There are many—often conflicting—interpretations of various lines and palmar features across various schools of palmistry. These contradictions between different interpretations, as well as the lack of empirical support for palmistry's predictions, contribute to palmistry's perception as a pseudoscience among academics.

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Pascal's triangle

In mathematics, Pascal's triangle is a triangular array of the binomial coefficients.

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Paul Halmos

Paul Richard Halmos (Halmos Pál; March 3, 1916 – October 2, 2006) was a Hungarian-Jewish-born American mathematician who made fundamental advances in the areas of mathematical logic, probability theory, statistics, operator theory, ergodic theory, and functional analysis (in particular, Hilbert spaces).

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Paul Kurtz

Paul Kurtz (December 21, 1925 – October 20, 2012) was a prominent American scientific skeptic and secular humanist.

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Penn & Teller

Penn & Teller (Penn Jillette and Teller) are American magicians and entertainers who have performed together since the late 1970s, noted for their ongoing act which combines elements of comedy with magic.

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Penrose tiling

A Penrose tiling is an example of non-periodic tiling generated by an aperiodic set of prototiles.

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Pentomino

A pentomino (or 5-omino) is a polyomino of order 5, that is, a polygon in the plane made of 5 equal-sized squares connected edge-to-edge.

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Persi Diaconis

Persi Warren Diaconis (born January 31, 1945) is an American mathematician of Greek descent and former professional magician.

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Petroleum geologist

A petroleum geologist is an earth scientist who works in the field of petroleum geology, which involves all aspects of oil discovery and production.

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Philip J. Davis

Philip J. Davis (January 2, 1923 – March 13, 2018) was an American academic applied mathematician.

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Philip J. Klass

Philip Julian Klass (November 8, 1919 – August 9, 2005) was an American journalist, and UFO researcher, known for his skepticism regarding UFOs.

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Philosophical theism

Philosophical theism is the belief that a deity exists (or must exist) independent of the teaching or revelation of any particular religion.

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Philosophy

Philosophy (from Greek φιλοσοφία, philosophia, literally "love of wisdom") is the study of general and fundamental problems concerning matters such as existence, knowledge, values, reason, mind, and language.

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Philosophy of mathematics

The philosophy of mathematics is the branch of philosophy that studies the assumptions, foundations, and implications of mathematics, and purports to provide a viewpoint of the nature and methodology of mathematics, and to understand the place of mathematics in people's lives.

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Phrenology

Phrenology is a pseudomedicine primarily focused on measurements of the human skull, based on the concept that the brain is the organ of the mind, and that certain brain areas have localized, specific functions or modules.

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Physics World

Physics World is the membership magazine of the Institute of Physics, one of the largest physical societies in the world.

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Piet Hein (scientist)

Piet Hein (16 December 1905 – 17 April 1996) was a Danish polymath (mathematician, inventor, designer, author, and poet), often writing under the Old Norse pseudonym "Kumbel" meaning "tombstone".

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Plato

Plato (Πλάτων Plátōn, in Classical Attic; 428/427 or 424/423 – 348/347 BC) was a philosopher in Classical Greece and the founder of the Academy in Athens, the first institution of higher learning in the Western world.

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Playing card

A playing card is a piece of specially prepared heavy paper, thin cardboard, plastic-coated paper, cotton-paper blend, or thin plastic, marked with distinguishing motifs and used as one of a set for playing card games.

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Polyomino

A polyomino is a plane geometric figure formed by joining one or more equal squares edge to edge.

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Popular mathematics

Popular mathematics is mathematical presentation aimed at a general audience.

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Popular science

Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience.

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Prayer

Prayer is an invocation or act that seeks to activate a rapport with an object of worship, typically a deity, through deliberate communication.

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Princeton University Press

Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.

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Pseudoscience

Pseudoscience consists of statements, beliefs, or practices that are claimed to be both scientific and factual, but are incompatible with the scientific method.

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Psychic

A psychic is a person who claims to use extrasensory perception (ESP) to identify information hidden from the normal senses, particularly involving telepathy or clairvoyance, or who performs acts that are apparently inexplicable by natural laws.

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Psychokinesis

Psychokinesis (from Greek ψυχή "mind" and κίνησις "movement"), or telekinesis (from τηλε- "far off" and κίνηση "movement"), is an alleged psychic ability allowing a person to influence a physical system without physical interaction. Psychokinesis experiments have historically been criticized for lack of proper controls and repeatability. There is no convincing evidence that psychokinesis is a real phenomenon, and the topic is generally regarded as pseudoscience.

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Puzzle

A puzzle is a game, problem, or toy that tests a person's ingenuity or knowledge.

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Quantum mechanics

Quantum mechanics (QM; also known as quantum physics, quantum theory, the wave mechanical model, or matrix mechanics), including quantum field theory, is a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles.

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Ray Hyman

Ray Hyman (born June 23, 1928, Chelsea, Massachusetts) is a Professor Emeritus of Psychology at the University of Oregon in Eugene, Oregon, and a noted critic of parapsychology.

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Raymond Smullyan

Raymond Merrill Smullyan (May 25, 1919 – February 6, 2017) was an American mathematician, magician, concert pianist, logician, Taoist, and philosopher.

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Recreational mathematics

Recreational mathematics is mathematics carried out for recreation (entertainment) rather than as a strictly research and application-based professional activity.

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Religion

Religion may be defined as a cultural system of designated behaviors and practices, world views, texts, sanctified places, prophecies, ethics, or organizations, that relates humanity to supernatural, transcendental, or spiritual elements.

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Rep-tile

In the geometry of tessellations, a rep-tile or reptile is a shape that can be dissected into smaller copies of the same shape.

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Reuben Hersh

Reuben Hersh (born 1927) is an American mathematician and academic, best known for his writings on the nature, practice, and social impact of mathematics.

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Revelation

In religion and theology, revelation is the revealing or disclosing of some form of truth or knowledge through communication with a deity or other supernatural entity or entities.

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Richard Dawkins

Clinton Richard Dawkins (born 26 March 1941) is an English ethologist, evolutionary biologist, and author.

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Richard K. Guy

Richard Kenneth Guy (born 30 September 1916) is a British mathematician, professor emeritus in the Department of Mathematics at the University of Calgary.

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Robert Maynard Hutchins

Robert Maynard Hutchins (January 17, 1899 – May 14, 1977), was an American educational philosopher, president (1929–1945) and chancellor (1945–1951) of the University of Chicago, and earlier dean of Yale Law School (1927–1929).

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Robert Nozick

Robert Nozick (November 16, 1938 – January 23, 2002) was an American philosopher.

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Roger Penrose

Sir Roger Penrose (born 8 August 1931) is an English mathematical physicist, mathematician and philosopher of science.

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Ron Rivest

Ronald Linn Rivest (born May 6, 1947) is a cryptographer and an Institute Professor at MIT.

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Ronald Graham

Ronald Lewis "Ron" Graham (born October 31, 1935) is an American mathematician credited by the American Mathematical Society as being "one of the principal architects of the rapid development worldwide of discrete mathematics in recent years".

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RSA (cryptosystem)

RSA (Rivest–Shamir–Adleman) is one of the first public-key cryptosystems and is widely used for secure data transmission.

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Rudolf Carnap

Rudolf Carnap (May 18, 1891 – September 14, 1970) was a German-born philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter.

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Rudolf Steiner

Rudolf Joseph Lorenz Steiner (27 (or 25) February 1861 – 30 March 1925) was an Austrian philosopher, social reformer, architect and esotericist.

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Salvador Dalí

Salvador Domingo Felipe Jacinto Dalí i Domènech, 1st Marquess of Dalí de Púbol (11 May 190423 January 1989), known professionally as Salvador Dalí, was a prominent Spanish surrealist born in Figueres, Catalonia, Spain.

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Sam Loyd

Samuel Loyd (January 30, 1841 – April 10, 1911), born in Philadelphia and raised in New York City, was an American chess player, chess composer, puzzle author, and recreational mathematician.

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Scientific American

Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is an American popular science magazine.

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Scientology

Scientology is a body of religious beliefs and practices launched in May 1952 by American author L. Ron Hubbard (1911–86).

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Scott Kim

Scott Kim is an American puzzle and computer game designer, artist, and author of Korean descent.

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Shawnee State University

Shawnee State University (SSU) is a public university in Ohio that was established in 1986, making it one of the state's youngest universities.

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Skeptical Inquirer

Skeptical Inquirer is a bimonthly American magazine published by the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry (CSI) with the subtitle: The Magazine for Science and Reason.

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Skeptical movement

The skeptical movement (also spelled sceptical) is a modern social movement based on the idea of scientific skepticism (also called rational skepticism).

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Skepticism

Skepticism (American English) or scepticism (British English, Australian English) is generally any questioning attitude or doubt towards one or more items of putative knowledge or belief.

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Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics

The Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics (SIAM) is an academic association dedicated to the use of mathematics in industry.

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Society of American Magicians

The Society of American Magicians (S.A.M.) is the oldest fraternal magic organization in the world.

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Solomon W. Golomb

Solomon Wolf Golomb (May 30, 1932 – May 1, 2016) was an American mathematician, engineer, and professor of electrical engineering at the University of Southern California, best known for his works on mathematical games.

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Soma cube

The Soma cube is a solid dissection puzzle invented by Piet Hein in 1936 during a lecture on quantum mechanics conducted by Werner Heisenberg.

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Spontaneous generation

Spontaneous generation refers to an obsolete body of thought on the ordinary formation of living organisms without descent from similar organisms.

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Spoon bending

Spoon bending is the apparent deformation of objects, especially metal cutlery, either without physical force, or with less force than would normally seem necessary.

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Squaring the square

Squaring the square is the problem of tiling an integral square using only other integral squares.

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Stephen Jay Gould

Stephen Jay Gould (September 10, 1941 – May 20, 2002) was an American paleontologist, evolutionary biologist, and historian of science.

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Superellipse

A superellipse, also known as a Lamé curve after Gabriel Lamé, is a closed curve resembling the ellipse, retaining the geometric features of semi-major axis and semi-minor axis, and symmetry about them, but a different overall shape.

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Surrender of Japan

The surrender of Imperial Japan was announced on August 15 and formally signed on September 2, 1945, bringing the hostilities of World War II to a close.

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Tangram

The tangram is a dissection puzzle consisting of seven flat shapes, called tans, which are put together to form shapes.

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The Ambidextrous Universe

The Ambidextrous Universe is a popular science book by Martin Gardner, covering aspects of symmetry and asymmetry in human culture, science and the wider universe.

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The Annotated Alice

The Annotated Alice is a work by Martin Gardner incorporating the text of Lewis Carroll's major tales, Alice's Adventures in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass, as well as the original illustrations by John Tenniel.

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The Antioch Review

The Antioch Review is an American literary magazine established in 1941 at Antioch College in Ohio.

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The College Mathematics Journal

The College Mathematics Journal, published by the Mathematical Association of America, is an expository journal aimed at teachers of college mathematics, particular those teaching the first two years.

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The Economist

The Economist is an English-language weekly magazine-format newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited at offices in London.

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The Hunting of the Snark

The Hunting of the Snark (An Agony in 8 Fits) is a poem written by English writer Lewis Carroll.

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The International Wizard of Oz Club

The International Wizard of Oz Club, Inc., was founded during 1957 by Justin G. Schiller, a then thirteen-year-old boy.

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The Magic Castle

The Magic Castle, located in the Hollywood district of Los Angeles, California, is a nightclub for magicians and magic enthusiasts, as well as the clubhouse for the Academy of Magical Arts.

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The Man Who Was Thursday

The Man Who Was Thursday: A Nightmare is a novel by G. K. Chesterton, first published in 1908.

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The Mathematical Experience

The Mathematical Experience (1981) is a book by Philip J. Davis and Reuben Hersh that discusses the practice of modern mathematics from a historical and philosophical perspective.

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The Mathematical Intelligencer

The Mathematical Intelligencer is a mathematical journal published by Springer Verlag that aims at a conversational and scholarly tone, rather than the technical and specialist tone more common among academic journals.

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The New York Review of Books

The New York Review of Books (or NYREV or NYRB) is a semi-monthly magazine with articles on literature, culture, economics, science and current affairs.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Physics Teacher

The Physics Teacher is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by AIP Publishing on behalf of the American Association of Physics Teachers covering the history and philosophy of physics, applied physics, physics education (curriculum developments, pedagogy, instructional lab equipment, etc.), and book reviews.

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The Rime of the Ancient Mariner

The Rime of the Ancient Mariner (originally The Rime of the Ancyent Marinere) is the longest major poem by the English poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge, written in 1797–98 and published in 1798 in the first edition of Lyrical Ballads.

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The Sphinx (magazine)

The Sphinx (subtitled: An Independent Magazine for Magicians) was a monthly magic magazine published in Chicago from March 1902 through March 1953 by William J. Hilliar.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.

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Three Prisoners problem

The Three Prisoners problem appeared in Martin Gardner's "Mathematical Games" column in Scientific American in 1959.

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Through the Looking-Glass

Through the Looking-Glass, and What Alice Found There (1871) is a novel by Lewis Carroll (Charles Lutwidge Dodgson), the sequel to Alice's Adventures in Wonderland (1865).

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Transfinite number

Transfinite numbers are numbers that are "infinite" in the sense that they are larger than all finite numbers, yet not necessarily absolutely infinite.

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Trap Door Spiders

The Trap Door Spiders are a literary male-only eating, drinking, and arguing society in New York City, with a membership historically composed of notable science fiction personalities.

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Tulsa Tribune

The Tulsa Tribune was an afternoon daily newspaper published in Tulsa, Oklahoma from 1919 to 1992.

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Tulsa, Oklahoma

Tulsa is the second-largest city in the state of Oklahoma and 47th-most populous city in the United States.

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Ufology

Ufology is the study of reports, visual records, physical evidence, and other phenomena related to unidentified flying objects (UFO).

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Unexpected hanging paradox

The unexpected hanging paradox or hangman paradox is a paradox about a person's expectations about the timing of a future event which they are told will occur at an unexpected time.

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University of Chicago

The University of Chicago (UChicago, U of C, or Chicago) is a private, non-profit research university in Chicago, Illinois.

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University of Oklahoma

The University of Oklahoma (OU) is a coeducational public research university in Norman, Oklahoma.

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Uri Geller

Uri Geller (אורי גלר; born 20 December 1946) is an Israeli illusionist, magician, television personality, and self-proclaimed psychic.

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USS Pope (DE-134)

USS Pope (DE-134) was an Edsall-class destroyer escort built for the U.S. Navy during World War II.

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Vegetarianism

Vegetarianism is the practice of abstaining from the consumption of meat (red meat, poultry, seafood, and the flesh of any other animal), and may also include abstention from by-products of animal slaughter.

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Vi Hart

Victoria Hart (born 1988), commonly known as Vi Hart,, is a self-described "recreational mathemusician" who is well known for creating mathematical videos on YouTube.

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Visitors from Oz

Visitors from Oz: The Wild Adventures of Dorothy, the Scarecrow, and the Tin Woodman is an unofficial sequel to the Oz book series.

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W. H. Auden

Wystan Hugh Auden (21 February 1907 – 29 September 1973) was an English-American poet.

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William F. Buckley Jr.

William Frank Buckley Jr. (born William Francis Buckley; November 24, 1925 – February 27, 2008) was an American conservative author and commentator.

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William James

William James (January 11, 1842 – August 26, 1910) was an American philosopher and psychologist, and the first educator to offer a psychology course in the United States.

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Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays

Winning Ways for your Mathematical Plays (Academic Press, 1982) by Elwyn R. Berlekamp, John H. Conway, and Richard K. Guy is a compendium of information on mathematical games.

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Word Ways

Word Ways: The Journal of Recreational Linguistics is a quarterly magazine on recreational linguistics and logology.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Worlds in Collision

Worlds in Collision is a book written by Immanuel Velikovsky and first published April 3, 1950.

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Yeoman (United States Navy)

A yeoman is an enlisted servicemember within the United States Navy that performs administrative and clerical work under their primary role and assignment.

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Zeno's paradoxes

Zeno's paradoxes are a set of philosophical problems generally thought to have been devised by Greek philosopher Zeno of Elea (c. 490–430 BC) to support Parmenides' doctrine that contrary to the evidence of one's senses, the belief in plurality and change is mistaken, and in particular that motion is nothing but an illusion.

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Redirects here:

Armand T Ringer, Armand T. Ringer, Gardner, Martin, George Groth, Hermit scientist, M. Gardner, Martin Gardener, Martin gardner, Uriah Fuller.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Martin_Gardner

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