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291 relations: Acre Prison break, Adolf Hitler, Albert Einstein, Alignment (Israel), Aliyah Bet, Allon Plan, Altalena Affair, Anders' Army, Andrews Air Force Base, Anita Shapira, Anti-Zionism, Anwar Sadat, Arab world, Arab–Israeli conflict, Arabs, Ariel Sharon, Bachir Gemayel, Balfour Declaration, Barry Morse, Bart Simpson, Battalion, Battle of the Beaufort (1982), BBC, Begin Doctrine, Beirut, Belarus, Benny Begin, Betar, Bolsheviks, Brest, Belarus, Cabinet of Israel, Camp David Accords, Centrism, Chaim Herzog, Chancellor of Germany (1949–present), Cheder, Chief of General Staff (Israel), Chris Claremont, Classics, Coercion, Communist party, Corporal, Czechoslovakia, Daniel Gordis, David Ben-Gurion, David Opatoshu, Defamation, Deir Yassin, Deir Yassin massacre, Demagogue, ..., Democratic Movement for Change, Dominique Lapierre, Dov Gruner, Economic liberalism, Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty, Ehud Olmert, El Al, Eliyahu Lankin, Elon Moreh, Eloquence, Emil Grunzweig, Ephraim Katzir, Ezer Weizman, Falklands War, Foreign exchange controls, France, Free Centre, Gahal, Gaza Strip, Gefen Publishing House, Geopolitics, Gettysburg Address, Golan Heights Law, Golda Meir, Greater Israel, Gulag, Gush Emunim, Haaretz, Haganah, Haifa, Hannah Arendt, Haredi Judaism, Harry Turtledove, Hashomer Hatzair, Hatzohar, Hebrew language, Henry Abramson, Herut, Hillel Kook, Histadrut, History of the Jews in Poland, Hyperinflation, Imperialism, Indian independence movement, Intensive care unit, Invasion of Poland, Iraq, Irgun, Irish War of Independence, Irredentism, Israel, Israel Defense Forces, Israel State Archives, Israeli Air Force, Israeli Declaration of Independence, Israeli Labor Party, Israeli legislative election, 1949, Israeli legislative election, 1951, Israeli legislative election, 1955, Israeli legislative election, 1959, Israeli legislative election, 1961, Israeli legislative election, 1965, Israeli legislative election, 1969, Israeli legislative election, 1973, Israeli legislative election, 1977, Israeli legislative election, 1981, Israeli settlement, Israeli-occupied territories, Italy, Jaffa, Jerusalem, Jerusalem Forest, Jewish Agency for Israel, Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries, Jewish National Council, Jewish prayer, Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem), Jewish Resistance Movement, Jewish Telegraphic Agency, Jimmy Carter, Jordan, Kaddish, Kahan Commission, Kataeb Party, Kfar Sirkin, Kibbutz, King David Hotel, King David Hotel bombing, Knesset, Konrad Adenauer, Kraków, Labor camp, Land for peace, Land of Black Gold, Larry Collins (writer), Leader of the Opposition (Israel), Lehi (militant group), Levi Eshkol, Liberal Party (Israel), Likud, List of Israeli Nobel laureates, List of Jewish Nobel laureates, List of Prime Ministers of Israel, Lukiškės Prison, Magneto (comics), Maki (historical political party), Mandatory Palestine, Mapai, Maryland, Meir Feinstein, Menachem Begin Heritage Center, Menachem Mendel Schneerson, MI5, Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski, Mikhmoret, Minister without portfolio, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Israel), Ministry of Communications (Israel), Ministry of Defense (Israel), Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel), Ministry of Justice (Israel), Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services, Ministry of Transport and Road Safety, Mizrahi Jews, Monroe Fein, Moshe Arens, Moshe Barazani, Moshe Dayan, Mossad, Mount Herzl, Mount of Olives, Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery, Nablus, National unity government, Nazism, Newsweek, Night of the Beatings, NKVD, Nobel Foundation, Nobel Peace Prize, Nuclear reactor, Nuclear Threat Initiative, Officer cadet, Operation Agatha, Operation Barbarossa, Operation Opera, Palestine Liberation Organization, Palestinians, Peace Now, Pechora, Persian Corridor, Petah Tikva, Politics of Israel, Pound sterling, Prime Minister of Israel, Provisional government of Israel, Rafi (political party), Raid on Entebbe (film), Reparations Agreement between Israel and West Germany, Revisionist Zionism, Rhetoric, Rogers Plan, Romania, Russian Empire, Sabra and Shatila massacre, Sadat (miniseries), Saddam Hussein, Sapper, Science fiction, Sephardi Jews, Shabbat, Shimon Peres, Shlomo Argov, Sidney Hook, Sikorski–Mayski agreement, Simha Erlich, Simon & Schuster, Sinai Peninsula, Six-Day War, Socialism, Soviet Union, Stefan Korboński, Stephen Samuel Wise, Techno-thriller, Tehiya, Tel Aviv, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Television in Israel, The Fifth Horseman (novel), The Guardian, The Holocaust, The Hunting Season, The Last Temptation of Homer, The Prime Ministers, The Revolt, The Sergeants affair, Theodor Herzl, Toby Press, Tom Segev, Torah, Totalitarianism, United Kingdom, United Nations Security Council, United Nations Security Council Resolution 242, United Nations Security Council Resolution 487, University of Warsaw, Value-added tax, Vecherniy Brest, Vilnius, Walter Guinness, 1st Baron Moyne, Waltz with Bashir, Weapon of mass destruction, West Bank, West Germany, White Nights (book), White Paper of 1939, William B. Quandt, Worldwar series, Worldwar: Striking the Balance, X-Men, Ya'akov Meridor, Yamit, Yasser Arafat, Yehuda Avner, Yehuda Bauer, Yiddish, Yigael Yadin, Yigal Allon, Yishuv, Yitzhak Navon, Yitzhak Rabin, Yitzhak Shamir, YIVO, Yom Kippur War, Ze'ev Jabotinsky, Zionism, 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine, 1948 Arab–Israeli War, 1982 Lebanon War, 1983 Israel bank stock crisis, 1985 Israel Economic Stabilization Plan. Expand index (241 more) »
Acre Prison break
The Acre Prison break was an operation undertaken by the Irgun on May 4, 1947, in the British Mandate of Palestine, in which its men broke through the walls of Acre prison and freed 28 incarcerated Irgun and Lehi members.
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Adolf Hitler
Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.
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Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).
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Alignment (Israel)
The Alignment (המערך, translit. HaMa'arakh) is the name of two political alliances in Israel.
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Aliyah Bet
Aliyah Bet (עלייה ב', "Aliyah 'B'" – bet being the second letter of the Hebrew alphabet) was the code name given to illegal immigration by Jews, most of whom were Holocaust survivors and refugees from Nazi Germany, to Mandatory Palestine between 1934-48, in violation of the restrictions laid out in the British White Paper of 1939.
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Allon Plan
The Allon Plan (תוכנית אלון) was a plan to partition the West Bank between Israel and the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan, create a Druze state in the Israeli-occupied Golan Heights, and return most of the Sinai Peninsula to Arab control.
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Altalena Affair
The Altalena Affair was a violent confrontation that took place in June 1948 by the newly created Israel Defense Forces against the Irgun (also known as IZL), one of the Jewish paramilitary groups that were in the process of merging to form the IDF.
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Anders' Army
Anders' Army was the informal yet common name of the Polish Armed Forces in the East in the 1941–42 period, in recognition of its commander Władysław Anders.
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Andrews Air Force Base
Andrews Air Force Base is the airfield portion of Joint Base Andrews which is under the jurisdiction of the United States Air Force.
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Anita Shapira
Anita Shapira (אניטה שפירא, born 1940) is an Israeli historian.
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Anti-Zionism
Anti-Zionism is opposition to Zionism.
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Anwar Sadat
Muhammad Anwar el-Sadat (محمد أنور السادات, Egyptian muħæmmæd ˈʔɑnwɑɾ essæˈdæːt; 25 December 1918 – 6 October 1981) was the third President of Egypt, serving from 15 October 1970 until his assassination by fundamentalist army officers on 6 October 1981.
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Arab world
The Arab world (العالم العربي; formally: Arab homeland, الوطن العربي), also known as the Arab nation (الأمة العربية) or the Arab states, currently consists of the 22 Arab countries of the Arab League.
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Arab–Israeli conflict
The Arab–Israeli conflict refers to the political tension, military conflicts and disputes between a number of Arab countries and Israel.
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Arabs
Arabs (عَرَب ISO 233, Arabic pronunciation) are a population inhabiting the Arab world.
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Ariel Sharon
Ariel Sharon (אריאל שרון;,, also known by his diminutive Arik, אַריק, born Ariel Scheinermann, אריאל שיינרמן‎; February 26, 1928 – January 11, 2014) was an Israeli general and politician who served as the 11th Prime Minister of Israel from March 2001 until April 2006.
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Bachir Gemayel
Bachir Gemayel (Bashīr al-Jimayyel, also romanized al-Jumayyil and El Gemaiel.; 10 November 1947 – 14 September 1982), also Bashir Gemayel, was a Lebanese leader and president-elect.
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Balfour Declaration
The Balfour Declaration was a public statement issued by the British government during World War I announcing support for the establishment of a "national home for the Jewish people" in Palestine, then an Ottoman region with a minority Jewish population (around 3–5% of the total).
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Barry Morse
Herbert "Barry" Morse (10 June 1918 – 2 February 2008) was an English-Canadian actor of stage, screen and radio best known for his roles in the ABC television series The Fugitive and the British sci-fi drama Space: 1999.
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Bart Simpson
Bartholomew JoJo "Bart" Simpson is a fictional character in the American animated television series The Simpsons and part of the Simpson family.
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Battalion
A battalion is a military unit.
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Battle of the Beaufort (1982)
The Battle of the Beaufort was fought between the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) on June 6, 1982 over Beaufort Castle, Lebanon.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.
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Begin Doctrine
The Begin doctrine is the common term for the Israeli government's preventive strike, counter-proliferation policy regarding their potential enemies' capability to possess weapons of mass destruction (WMD), particularly nuclear weapons.
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Beirut
Beirut (بيروت, Beyrouth) is the capital and largest city of Lebanon.
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Belarus
Belarus (Беларусь, Biełaruś,; Беларусь, Belarus'), officially the Republic of Belarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь; Республика Беларусь), formerly known by its Russian name Byelorussia or Belorussia (Белоруссия, Byelorussiya), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe bordered by Russia to the northeast, Ukraine to the south, Poland to the west, and Lithuania and Latvia to the northwest.
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Benny Begin
Ze'ev Binyamin Begin, (זאב בנימין בגין, born 1 March 1943) is an Israeli geologist and politician.
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Betar
The Betar Movement (also spelled Beitar) is a Revisionist Zionist youth movement founded in 1923 in Riga, Latvia, by Vladimir (Ze'ev) Jabotinsky.
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Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks, originally also Bolshevists or Bolsheviki (p; derived from bol'shinstvo (большинство), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority"), were a faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split apart from the Menshevik faction at the Second Party Congress in 1903.
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Brest, Belarus
Brest (Брэст There is also the name "Berestye", but it is found only in the Old Russian language and Tarashkevich., Брест Brest, Берестя Berestia, בריסק Brisk), formerly Brest-Litoŭsk (Брэст-Лiтоўск) (Brest-on-the-Bug), is a city (population 340,141 in 2016) in Belarus at the border with Poland opposite the Polish city of Terespol, where the Bug and Mukhavets rivers meet.
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Cabinet of Israel
The Government of Israel (officially: ממשלת ישראל Memshelet Yisrael) exercises executive authority in the State of Israel.
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Camp David Accords
The Camp David Accords were signed by Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin on 17 September 1978, following twelve days of secret negotiations at Camp David.
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Centrism
In politics, centrism—the centre (British English/Canadian English/Australian English) or the center (American English/Philippine English)—is a political outlook or specific position that involves acceptance or support of a balance of a degree of social equality and a degree of social hierarchy, while opposing political changes which would result in a significant shift of society either strongly to the left or the right.
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Chaim Herzog
Major-General Chaim Herzog (חיים הרצוג; 17 September 1918 – 17 April 1997) was an Israeli politician, general, lawyer and author who served as the sixth President of Israel between 1983 and 1993.
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Chancellor of Germany (1949–present)
The Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (in German called Bundeskanzler(in), meaning "Federal Chancellor", or in) for short) is, under the German 1949 Constitution, the head of government of Germany.
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Cheder
A Cheder (alternatively, Cheider, in חדר, lit. "room") is a traditional elementary school teaching the basics of Judaism and the Hebrew language.
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Chief of General Staff (Israel)
The Chief of the General Staff, also known as the Commander-in-Chief of the Israel Defense Forces (Rosh HaMateh HaKlali, abbr. Ramatkal—), is the supreme commander and Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces.
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Chris Claremont
Christopher S. Claremont (born November 25, 1950) is a British-born American comic book writer and novelist, known for his 1975–1991 stint on Uncanny X-Men, far longer than that of any other writer, during which he is credited with developing strong female characters as well as introducing complex literary themes into superhero narratives, turning the once underachieving comic into one of Marvel's most popular series.
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Classics
Classics or classical studies is the study of classical antiquity.
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Coercion
Coercion is the practice of forcing another party to act in an involuntary manner by use of threats or force.
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Communist party
A communist party is a political party that advocates the application of the social and economic principles of communism through state policy.
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Corporal
Corporal is a military rank in use in some form by many militaries and by some police forces or other uniformed organizations.
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Czechoslovakia
Czechoslovakia, or Czecho-Slovakia (Czech and Československo, Česko-Slovensko), was a sovereign state in Central Europe that existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until its peaceful dissolution into the:Czech Republic and:Slovakia on 1 January 1993.
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Daniel Gordis
Daniel Gordis (born 1959) is an American-born Israeli author and speaker, whom the listed as one of the fifty most influential Jews in the world.
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David Ben-Gurion
David Ben-Gurion (דָּוִד בֶּן-גּוּרִיּוֹן;, born David Grün; 16 October 1886 – 1 December 1973) was the primary national founder of the State of Israel and the first Prime Minister of Israel.
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David Opatoshu
David Opatoshu (born David Opatovsky, January 30, 1918 – April 30, 1996) was an American film, stage and television actor.
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Defamation
Defamation, calumny, vilification, or traducement is the communication of a false statement that, depending on the law of the country, harms the reputation of an individual, business, product, group, government, religion, or nation.
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Deir Yassin
Deir Yassin (دير ياسين, Dayr Yāsīn) was a Palestinian Arab village of around 600 inhabitants about west of Jerusalem.
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Deir Yassin massacre
The Deir Yassin massacre took place on April 9, 1948, when around 120 fighters from the Zionist paramilitary groups Irgun and Lehi attacked Deir Yassin, a Palestinian Arab village of roughly 600 people near Jerusalem.
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Demagogue
A demagogue (from Greek δημαγωγός, a popular leader, a leader of a mob, from δῆμος, people, populace, the commons + ἀγωγός leading, leader) or rabble-rouser is a leader in a democracy who gains popularity by exploiting prejudice and ignorance among the common people, whipping up the passions of the crowd and shutting down reasoned deliberation.
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Democratic Movement for Change
The Democratic Movement for Change (תנועה דמוקרטית לשינוי, Tnu'a Demokratit LeShinui), commonly known by its Hebrew acronym Dash (Hebrew: ד"ש) was a short-lived and initially highly successful centrist political party in Israel.
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Dominique Lapierre
Dominique Lapierre (born 30 July 1931 in Châtelaillon, Charente-Maritime, France) is a French author.
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Dov Gruner
Dov Bela Gruner (דב בלה גרונר; 1912–1947) was a Hungarian-born Zionist activist in Mandatory Palestine and a member of the pre-state Jewish underground Irgun.
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Economic liberalism
Economic liberalism is an economic system organized on individual lines, which means the greatest possible number of economic decisions are made by individuals or households rather than by collective institutions or organizations.
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Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty
The Egypt–Israel Peace Treaty (معاهدة السلام المصرية الإسرائيلية, Mu`āhadat as-Salām al-Misrīyah al-'Isrā'īlīyah; הסכם השלום בין ישראל למצרים, Heskem HaShalom Bein Yisrael LeMitzrayim) was signed in Washington, D.C., United States on 26 March 1979, following the 1978 Camp David Accords.
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Ehud Olmert
Ehud Olmert (אֶהוּד אוֹלְמֶרְט,; born 30 September 1945) is an Israeli politician and lawyer.
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El Al
El Al Israel Airlines Ltd. (TASE: ELAL), trading as El Al (אל על, "To the Skies" or "Skywards", إل-عال), is the flag carrier of Israel.
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Eliyahu Lankin
Eliyahu Lankin (אליהו לנקין, 25 September 1914 – 10 August 1994) was a Revisionist Zionist activist, Irgun member and an Israeli politician.
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Elon Moreh
Elon Moreh (אֵלוֹן מוֹרֶה) is an Orthodox Jewish Israeli settlement in the Judea and Samaria administrative area of the West Bank.
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Eloquence
Eloquence (from French eloquence from Latin eloquentia) is fluent, forcible, elegant or persuasive speaking.
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Emil Grunzweig
Emil Grunzweig (אמיל גרינצווייג) (December 1, 1947 – February 10, 1983) was an Israeli teacher and peace activist affiliated with the Peace Now movement.
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Ephraim Katzir
Ephraim Katzir (אפרים קציר Efrayim Katsir; 16 May 1916 – 30 May 2009) was an Israeli biophysicist and Israeli Labor Party politician.
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Ezer Weizman
Ezer Weizman (עֵזֶר וַיצְמָן Ezer Vaytsman; 15 June 1924 – 24 April 2005) was the seventh President of Israel, first elected in 1993 and re-elected in 1998.
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Falklands War
The Falklands War (Guerra de las Malvinas), also known as the Falklands Conflict, Falklands Crisis, Malvinas War, South Atlantic Conflict, and the Guerra del Atlántico Sur (Spanish for "South Atlantic War"), was a ten-week war between Argentina and the United Kingdom over two British dependent territories in the South Atlantic: the Falkland Islands, and its territorial dependency, the South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands.
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Foreign exchange controls
Foreign exchange controls are various forms of controls imposed by a government on the purchase/sale of foreign currencies by residents or on the purchase/sale of local currency by nonresidents.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Free Centre
The Free Centre (המרכז החופשי, HaMerkaz HaHofshi) was a political party in Israel, and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Likud.
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Gahal
Gahal (גח"ל, an acronym for Gush Herut-Liberalim (Hebrew), lit. Herut-Liberals Bloc) was the major right-wing political alliance in Israel led by Menachem Begin from its founding in 1965 until the establishment of Likud in 1973.
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Gaza Strip
The Gaza Strip (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p.761 "Gaza Strip /'gɑːzə/ a strip of territory under the control of the Palestinian National Authority and Hamas, on the SE Mediterranean coast including the town of Gaza...". قطاع غزة), or simply Gaza, is a self-governing Palestinian territory on the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea, that borders Egypt on the southwest for and Israel on the east and north along a border.
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Gefen Publishing House
The Gefen Publishing House is an English language publishing firm located in Jerusalem, Israel as well as having a department in New York City.
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Geopolitics
Geopolitics (from Greek γῆ gê "earth, land" and πολιτική politikḗ "politics") is the study of the effects of geography (human and physical) on politics and international relations.
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Gettysburg Address
The Gettysburg Address is a speech by U.S. President Abraham Lincoln, and one of the best-known speeches in American history.
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Golan Heights Law
The Golan Heights Law is the Israeli law which applies Israel's government and laws to the Golan Heights.
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Golda Meir
Golda Meir (גּוֹלְדָּה מֵאִיר;, born Golda Mabovitch, May 3, 1898 – December 8, 1978) was an Israeli teacher, kibbutznik, stateswoman, politician and the fourth Prime Minister of Israel.
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Greater Israel
Greater Israel (ארץ ישראל השלמה; Eretz Yisrael Hashlema) is an expression, with several different Biblical and political meanings over time.
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Gulag
The Gulag (ГУЛАГ, acronym of Главное управление лагерей и мест заключения, "Main Camps' Administration" or "Chief Administration of Camps") was the government agency in charge of the Soviet forced labor camp system that was created under Vladimir Lenin and reached its peak during Joseph Stalin's rule from the 1930s to the 1950s.
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Gush Emunim
Gush Emunim (גּוּשׁ אֱמוּנִים, Bloc of the Faithful) was an Israeli Orthodox Jewish, messianic, right-wing activist movement committed to establishing Jewish settlements in the West Bank, the Gaza Strip, and the Golan Heights.
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Haaretz
Haaretz (הארץ) (lit. "The Land ", originally Ḥadashot Ha'aretz – חדשות הארץ, – "News of the Land ") is an Israeli newspaper.
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Haganah
Haganah (הַהֲגָנָה, lit. The Defence) was a Jewish paramilitary organization in the British Mandate of Palestine (1921–48), which became the core of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).
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Haifa
Haifa (חֵיפָה; حيفا) is the third-largest city in Israel – after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv– with a population of in.
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Hannah Arendt
Johanna "Hannah" Arendt (14 October 1906 – 4 December 1975) was a German-born American philosopher and political theorist.
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Haredi Judaism
Haredi Judaism (חֲרֵדִי,; also spelled Charedi, plural Haredim or Charedim) is a broad spectrum of groups within Orthodox Judaism, all characterized by a rejection of modern secular culture.
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Harry Turtledove
Harry Norman Turtledove (born June 14, 1949) is an American novelist, best known for his work in the genres of alternate history, historical fiction, fantasy, and science fiction.
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Hashomer Hatzair
Hashomer Hatzair (הַשׁוֹמֵר הַצָעִיר, also transliterated Hashomer Hatsair or HaShomer HaTzair, translating as The Young Guard) is a Socialist-Zionist, secular Jewish youth movement founded in 1913 in Galicia, Austria-Hungary, and was also the name of the group's political party in the Yishuv in the pre-1948 British Mandate of Palestine (see Hashomer Hatzair Workers Party of Palestine).
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Hatzohar
HaTzohar (an acronym for HaTzionim HaRevizionistim, lit. The Revisionist Zionists), officially Brit HaTzionim HaRevizionistim (lit. Union of Revisionist Zionists) was a Revisionist Zionist organization and political party in Mandatory Palestine and newly independent Israel.
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Hebrew language
No description.
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Henry Abramson
Henry (Hillel) Abramson (born 1963) was the former Dean for Academic Affairs and Student Services at Touro College's Miami branch (Touro College South).
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Herut
Herut (חרות, Freedom) was the major right-wing nationalist political party in Israel from 1948 until its formal merger into Likud in 1988.
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Hillel Kook
Hillel Kook (הלל קוק, 24 July 1915 –18 August 2001), also known as Peter Bergson (Hebrew: פיטר ברגסון), was a Revisionist Zionist activist, politician, and prominent member of the Irgun.
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Histadrut
Histadrut or the General Organization of Workers in Israel originally (ההסתדרות הכללית של העובדים בארץ ישראל, HaHistadrut HaKlalit shel HaOvdim B'Eretz Yisrael) is Israel's national trade union centre, representing the majority of trade unionists in the State of Israel.
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History of the Jews in Poland
The history of the Jews in Poland dates back over 1,000 years.
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Hyperinflation
In economics, hyperinflation is very high and typically accelerating inflation.
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Imperialism
Imperialism is a policy that involves a nation extending its power by the acquisition of lands by purchase, diplomacy or military force.
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Indian independence movement
The Indian independence movement encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule (1757–1857) and the British Indian Empire (1857–1947) in the Indian subcontinent.
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Intensive care unit
Intensive care unit An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive treatment medicine.
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Invasion of Poland
The Invasion of Poland, known in Poland as the September Campaign (Kampania wrześniowa) or the 1939 Defensive War (Wojna obronna 1939 roku), and in Germany as the Poland Campaign (Polenfeldzug) or Fall Weiss ("Case White"), was a joint invasion of Poland by Germany, the Soviet Union, the Free City of Danzig, and a small Slovak contingent that marked the beginning of World War II.
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Iraq
Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.
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Irgun
The Irgun (ארגון; full title:, lit. "The National Military Organization in the Land of Israel") was a Zionist paramilitary organization that operated in Mandate Palestine between 1931 and 1948.
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Irish War of Independence
The Irish War of Independence (Cogadh na Saoirse) or Anglo-Irish War was a guerrilla war fought from 1919 to 1921 between the Irish Republican Army (IRA, the army of the Irish Republic) and the British security forces in Ireland.
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Irredentism
Irredentism is any political or popular movement that seeks to reclaim and reoccupy a land that the movement's members consider to be a "lost" (or "unredeemed") territory from their nation's past.
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Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.
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Israel Defense Forces
The Israel Defense Forces (IDF; צְבָא הַהֲגָנָה לְיִשְׂרָאֵל, lit. "The Army of Defense for Israel"; جيش الدفاع الإسرائيلي), commonly known in Israel by the Hebrew acronym Tzahal, are the military forces of the State of Israel.
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Israel State Archives
Israel State Archives (ISA) is the national archive of Israel, located in Jerusalem.
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Israeli Air Force
The Israeli Air Force (IAF; זְרוֹעַ הָאֲוִיר וְהֶחָלָל, Zroa HaAvir VeHahalal, "Air and Space Arm", commonly known as, Kheil HaAvir, "Air Corps") operates as the aerial warfare branch of the Israel Defense Forces.
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Israeli Declaration of Independence
The Israeli Declaration of Independence,Hebrew: הכרזת העצמאות, Hakhrazat HaAtzma'ut/מגילת העצמאות Megilat HaAtzma'utArabic: وثيقة إعلان قيام دولة إسرائيل, Wathiqat 'iielan qiam dawlat 'iisrayiyl formally the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel (הכרזה על הקמת מדינת ישראל), was proclaimed on 14 May 1948 (5 Iyar 5708) by David Ben-Gurion, the Executive Head of the World Zionist OrganizationThen known as the Zionist Organization.
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Israeli Labor Party
The Israeli Labor Party (מִפְלֶגֶת הָעֲבוֹדָה הַיִּשְׂרְאֵלִית, translit.), commonly known as HaAvoda (הָעֲבוֹדָה), is a social democratic and Zionist political party in Israel.
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Israeli legislative election, 1949
Elections for the Constituent Assembly were held in newly independent Israel on 25 January 1949.
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Israeli legislative election, 1951
Elections for the second Knesset were held in Israel on 30 July 1951.
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Israeli legislative election, 1955
Elections for the third Knesset were held in Israel on 26 July 1955.
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Israeli legislative election, 1959
Elections for the fourth Knesset were held in Israel on 3 November 1959.
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Israeli legislative election, 1961
Elections for the fifth Knesset were held in Israel on 15 August 1961.
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Israeli legislative election, 1965
Elections for the sixth Knesset were held in Israel on 2 November 1965.
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Israeli legislative election, 1969
Elections for the seventh Knesset were held in Israel on 28 October 1969.
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Israeli legislative election, 1973
The Elections for the eighth Knesset were held on 31 December 1973.
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Israeli legislative election, 1977
The Elections for the ninth Knesset were held on 17 May 1977.
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Israeli legislative election, 1981
Knesset elections were held in Israel on 30 June 1981.
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Israeli settlement
Israeli settlements are civilian communities inhabited by Israeli citizens, almost exclusively of Jewish ethnicity, built predominantly on lands within the Palestinian territories, which Israel has militarily occupied since the 1967 Six-Day War, and partly on lands considered Syrian territory also militarily occupied by Israel since the 1967 war.
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Israeli-occupied territories
The Israeli-occupied territories are the territories occupied by Israel during the Six-Day War of 1967.
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Italy
Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Jaffa
Jaffa, in Hebrew Yafo, or in Arabic Yaffa (יפו,; يَافَا, also called Japho or Joppa), the southern and oldest part of Tel Aviv-Yafo, is an ancient port city in Israel.
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Jerusalem
Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם; القُدس) is a city in the Middle East, located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.
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Jerusalem Forest
The Jerusalem Forest is a municipal pine forest located in the Judean Mountains in the outskirts of Jerusalem.
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Jewish Agency for Israel
The Jewish Agency for Israel (הסוכנות היהודית לארץ ישראל, HaSochnut HaYehudit L'Eretz Yisra'el) is the largest Jewish nonprofit organization in the world.
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Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries
The Jewish exodus from Arab and Muslim countries, or Jewish exodus from Arab countries, was the departure, flight, expulsion, evacuation and migration of 850,000 Jews, primarily of Sephardi and Mizrahi background, from Arab and Muslim countries, mainly from 1948 to the early 1970s.
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Jewish National Council
The Jewish National Council (JNC) (ועד לאומי, Va'ad Le'umi), also known as the Jewish People's Council was the main national executive institution of the Jewish community (Yishuv) within Mandatory Palestine.
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Jewish prayer
Jewish prayer (תְּפִלָּה, tefillah; plural תְּפִלּוֹת, tefillot; Yiddish תּפֿלה tfile, plural תּפֿלות tfilles; Yinglish: davening from Yiddish דאַוון daven ‘pray’) are the prayer recitations and Jewish meditation traditions that form part of the observance of Rabbinic Judaism.
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Jewish Quarter (Jerusalem)
The Jewish Quarter (הרובע היהודי, HaRova HaYehudi; حارة اليهود, Harat al-Yehud) is one of the four traditional quarters of the Old City of Jerusalem (part of Israeli-occupied East Jerusalem).
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Jewish Resistance Movement
The Jewish Resistance Movement (תנועת המרי העברי, Tnu'at HaMeri HaIvri, literally Hebrew Rebellion Movement), also called United Resistance Movement (URM), was an alliance of the Zionist paramilitary organizations Haganah, Irgun and Lehi in the British Mandate of Palestine.
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Jewish Telegraphic Agency
The Jewish Telegraphic Agency (JTA) is an international news agency and wire service serving Jewish community newspapers and media around the world, with about 70 syndication clients listed on its web site.
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Jimmy Carter
James Earl Carter Jr. (born October 1, 1924) is an American politician who served as the 39th President of the United States from 1977 to 1981.
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Jordan
Jordan (الْأُرْدُنّ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River.
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Kaddish
The Kaddish or Qaddish (קדיש, qaddiš "holy"; alternative spelling: Ḳaddish) is a hymn of praises to God found in Jewish prayer services.
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Kahan Commission
The Kahan Commission (ועדת כהן), formally known as the Commission of Inquiry into the Events at the Refugee Camps in Beirut, was established by the Israeli government on 28 September 1982, to investigate the Sabra and Shatila massacre (16–18 September 1982).
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Kataeb Party
The Lebanese Phalanges Party (حزب الكتائب اللبنانية), better known in English as the Phalange (الكتائب), is a Christian Democratic political party in Lebanon.
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Kfar Sirkin
Kfar Sirkin or Kefar Syrkin (כְּפַר סִירְקִין) is a moshav in central Israel.
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Kibbutz
A kibbutz (קִבּוּץ /, lit. "gathering, clustering"; regular plural kibbutzim /) is a collective community in Israel that was traditionally based on agriculture.
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King David Hotel
The King David Hotel (מלון המלך דוד, فندق الملك داود) is a 5-star hotel in Jerusalem.
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King David Hotel bombing
The King David Hotel bombing was a terrorist attack carried out on Monday, July 22, 1946, by the militant right-wing Zionist underground organization the Irgun on the British administrative headquarters for Palestine, which was housed in the southern wing of the King David Hotel in Jerusalem.
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Knesset
The Knesset (הַכְּנֶסֶת; lit. "the gathering" or "assembly"; الكنيست) is the unicameral national legislature of Israel.
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Konrad Adenauer
Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman who served as the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) from 1949 to 1963.
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Kraków
Kraków, also spelled Cracow or Krakow, is the second largest and one of the oldest cities in Poland.
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Labor camp
A labor camp (or labour, see spelling differences) or work camp is a simplified detention facility where inmates are forced to engage in penal labor as a form of punishment under the criminal code.
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Land for peace
Land for peace is a legalistic interpretation of UN Security Council Resolution 242 which has been used as the basis of subsequent Arab-Israeli peace making.
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Land of Black Gold
Land of Black Gold (Tintin au pays de l'or noir) is the fifteenth volume of The Adventures of Tintin, the comics series by Belgian cartoonist Hergé.
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Larry Collins (writer)
Larry Collins, born John Lawrence Collins Jr., (September 14, 1929 – June 20, 2005) was an American writer.
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Leader of the Opposition (Israel)
The Leader of the Opposition (יוֹשֵׁב רֹאשׁ הַאוֹפּוֹזִיצְיָה, Yoshev Rosh Ha-Opozitzya) is the politician who leads the Official Opposition in the Israeli legislative body, the Knesset.
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Lehi (militant group)
Lehi (לח"י – לוחמי חרות ישראל Lohamei Herut Israel – Lehi, "Fighters for the Freedom of Israel – Lehi"), often known pejoratively as the Stern Gang,"This group was known to its friends as LEHI and to its enemies as the Stern Gang." Blumberg, Arnold.
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Levi Eshkol
Levi Eshkol (לֵוִי אֶשְׁכּוֹל;, born Levi Yitzhak Shkolnik (לוי יצחק שקולניק)‎ 25 October 1895 – 26 February 1969) was an Israeli statesman who served as the third Prime Minister of Israel from 1963 until his death from a heart attack in 1969.
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Liberal Party (Israel)
The Israeli Liberal Party (מפלגה ליברלית ישראלית, Miflaga Libralit Yisraelit) was a political party in Israel and is one of the ancestors of the modern-day Likud.
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Likud
Likud (הַלִּיכּוּד, translit. HaLikud, lit., The Consolidation), officially, the Likud-National Liberal Movement, is a centre-right to right-wing political party in Israel.
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List of Israeli Nobel laureates
Since 1966, there have been twelve Israelis who were awarded Nobel Prize, the most honorable award in various fields including chemistry, economics, literature and peace.
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List of Jewish Nobel laureates
As of 2017, Nobel PrizesThe Nobel Prize is an annual, international prize first awarded in 1901 for achievements in Physics, Chemistry, Physiology or Medicine, Literature, and Peace.
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List of Prime Ministers of Israel
This article lists the Prime Ministers of Israel since the adoption of the Israeli Declaration of Independence in 1948.
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Lukiškės Prison
Lukiškės Prison (Lukiškių tardymo izoliatorius kalėjimas, in Polish known as Więzienie na Łukiszkach or simply Łukiszki, in Belarusian - Лукішкі) is a prison in the center of Vilnius, Lithuania, near the Lukiškės Square.
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Magneto (comics)
Magneto is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics, commonly in association with the X-Men.
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Maki (historical political party)
Maki (מק"י, an acronym for HaMiflega HaKomunistit HaYisraelit (המפלגה הקומוניסטית הישראלית), lit. The Israeli Communist Party) was a communist political party in Israel.
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Mandatory Palestine
Mandatory Palestine (فلسطين; פָּלֶשְׂתִּינָה (א"י), where "EY" indicates "Eretz Yisrael", Land of Israel) was a geopolitical entity under British administration, carved out of Ottoman Syria after World War I. British civil administration in Palestine operated from 1920 until 1948.
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Mapai
Mapai (מַפָּא"י, an acronym for, Mifleget Poalei Eretz Yisrael, lit. "Workers' Party of the Land of Israel") was a centre-left political party in Israel, and was the dominant force in Israeli politics until its merger into the modern-day Israeli Labor Party in 1968.
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Maryland
Maryland is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east.
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Meir Feinstein
Meir Feinstein (מאיר פיינשטיין; October 5, 1927 – April 21, 1947) was an Irgun member in pre-state Mandatory Palestine, during the Jewish insurgency in Palestine.
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Menachem Begin Heritage Center
The Menachem Begin Heritage Center is the official state memorial commemorating Menachem Begin, Israel’s sixth Prime Minister.
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Menachem Mendel Schneerson
Menachem Mendel Schneerson (April 18, 1902 OS – June 12, 1994 / AM 11 Nissan 5662 – 3 Tammuz 5754), known to many as the Lubavitcher Rebbe or simply as the Rebbe, was a Russian Empire–born American Orthodox Jewish rabbi, and the last rebbe of the Lubavitcher Hasidic dynasty.
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MI5
The Security Service, also MI5 (Military Intelligence, Section 5), is the United Kingdom's domestic counter-intelligence and security agency and is part of its intelligence machinery alongside the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and Defence Intelligence (DI).
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Michał Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski
General Michał Tadeusz Karaszewicz-Tokarzewski, Coat of arms of Trąby pseudonym Doktor, Stolarski, TorwidJozef Garlinski Poland in the Second World War, Page 40 (b. 5 January 1893 in Lwów - 22 May 1964 in Casablanca, Morocco) was a Polish general, founder of the resistance movement "Polish Victory Service".
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Mikhmoret
Mikhmoret (מִכְמֹרֶת, מכמורת, lit. Fishing net) is a moshav in central Israel.
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Minister without portfolio
A minister without portfolio is either a government minister with no specific responsibilities or a minister who does not head a particular ministry.
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Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development (Israel)
The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development of Israel (משרד החקלאות ופיתוח הכפר, Misrad HaHakla'ut UFitu'ah HaKfar) is the ministry of the Israeli government that oversees the country's agricultural industry.
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Ministry of Communications (Israel)
The Ministry of Communications (מִשְׂרָד הַתִּקְשֹׁרֶת, Misrad HaTikshoret) is the Israeli government ministry responsible for Communications in Israel.
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Ministry of Defense (Israel)
The Ministry of Defense (מִשְׂרַד הַבִּטָּחוֹן, Misrad HaBitahon) of the government of Israel, is the governmental department responsible for defending the State of Israel from internal and external military threats.
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Israel)
The Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs (מִשְׂרַד הַחוּץ, translit. Misrad HaHutz; وزارة الخارجية الإسرائيلية) is one of the most important ministries in the Israeli government.
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Ministry of Justice (Israel)
The Justice Ministry (מִשְׂרָד הַמִשְׁפָּטִים, Misrad HaMishpatim; وزارة العدل) is the Israeli government ministry that oversees the Israeli judicial system.
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Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services
The Ministry of Social Affairs and Social Services (משרד הרווחה והשירותים החברתיים, Misrad HaRevaha VeHaSherutim HaHevrati'im) is the branch of government charged to ensure the welfare of the public in Israel and oversee the supply of services.
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Ministry of Transport and Road Safety
The Ministry of Transport, National Infrastructure and Road Safety (MOT) (משרד התחבורה, התשתיות הלאומיות והבטיחות בדרכים, وزارة المواصلات والأمان على الطريق) is a government agency that handles transportation and road safety issues in Israel.
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Mizrahi Jews
Mizrahi Jews, Mizrahim (מִזְרָחִים), also referred to as Edot HaMizrach ("Communities of the East"; Mizrahi Hebrew), ("Sons of the East"), or Oriental Jews, are descendants of local Jewish communities in the Middle East from biblical times into the modern era.
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Monroe Fein
Lieutenant Monroe Fein (1923–1982) was a U.S. Naval Officer and decorated veteran of the Pacific campaign of World War II.
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Moshe Arens
Moshe Arens (משה ארנס, born 27 December 1925) is an Israeli aeronautical engineer, researcher and former diplomat and Likud politician.
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Moshe Barazani
Moshe Barazani, also Barzani (משה ברזני; June 14, 1926–April 21, 1947), was an Iraqi-born Kurdish Jew and a member of Lehi ("Freedom Fighters of Israel," aka the "Stern Gang") underground movement in pre-state Mandate Palestine during the Jewish insurgency in Palestine.
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Moshe Dayan
Moshe Dayan (משה דיין; 20 May 1915 – 16 October 1981) was an Israeli military leader and politician.
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Mossad
Mossad (הַמוֹסָד,; الموساد,,; literally meaning "the Institute"), short for (המוסד למודיעין ולתפקידים מיוחדים, meaning "Institute for Intelligence and Special Operations"), is the national intelligence agency of Israel.
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Mount Herzl
Mount Herzl (הר הרצל Har Hertsl), also Har ha-Zikaron (lit. "Mount of Remembrance"), is the site of Israel's national cemetery and other memorial and educational facilities, found on the west side of Jerusalem beside the Jerusalem Forest.
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Mount of Olives
The Mount of Olives or Mount Olivet (הַר הַזֵּיתִים, Har ha-Zeitim; جبل الزيتون, الطور, Jabal al-Zaytun, Al-Tur) is a mountain ridge east of and adjacent to Jerusalem's Old City.
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Mount of Olives Jewish Cemetery
The Jewish Cemetery on the Mount of Olives, including the Silwan necropolis, is the most ancient and most important cemetery in Jerusalem.
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Nablus
Nablus (نابلس, שכם, Biblical Shechem ISO 259-3 Škem, Νεάπολις Νeapolis) is a city in the northern West Bank, approximately north of Jerusalem, (approximately by road), with a population of 126,132.
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National unity government
A national unity government, government of national unity, or national union government is a broad coalition government consisting of all parties (or all major parties) in the legislature, usually formed during a time of war or other national emergency.
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Nazism
National Socialism (Nationalsozialismus), more commonly known as Nazism, is the ideology and practices associated with the Nazi Party – officially the National Socialist German Workers' Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei or NSDAP) – in Nazi Germany, and of other far-right groups with similar aims.
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Newsweek
Newsweek is an American weekly magazine founded in 1933.
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Night of the Beatings
The Night of the Beating (ליל ההלקאות) refers to an action taken by the Irgun on December 29, 1946 in the British Mandate of Palestine, in which several British soldiers were flogged in response to a similar punishment inflicted upon an Irgun member.
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NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (Народный комиссариат внутренних дел, Narodnyy Komissariat Vnutrennikh Del), abbreviated NKVD (НКВД), was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union.
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Nobel Foundation
The Nobel Foundation (Nobelstiftelsen) is a private institution founded on 29 June 1900 to manage the finances and administration of the Nobel Prizes.
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Nobel Peace Prize
The Nobel Peace Prize (Swedish, Norwegian: Nobels fredspris) is one of the five Nobel Prizes created by the Swedish industrialist, inventor, and armaments manufacturer Alfred Nobel, along with the prizes in Chemistry, Physics, Physiology or Medicine, and Literature.
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Nuclear reactor
A nuclear reactor, formerly known as an atomic pile, is a device used to initiate and control a self-sustained nuclear chain reaction.
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Nuclear Threat Initiative
The Nuclear Threat Initiative (NTI) is a nonpartisan, nonprofit organization founded in 2001 by former U.S. Senator Sam Nunn and philanthropist Ted Turner in the United States, which works to prevent catastrophic attacks and accidents with weapons of mass destruction and disruption – nuclear, biological, radiological, chemical, and cyber.
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Officer cadet
Officer cadet is a rank held by military cadets during their training to become commissioned officers.
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Operation Agatha
Operation Agatha (Saturday, June 29, 1946) sometimes called Black Sabbath ("השבת השחורה") or Black Saturday because it began on the Jewish sabbath, was a police and military operation conducted by the British authorities in Mandatory Palestine.
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Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa (German: Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the code name for the Axis invasion of the Soviet Union, which started on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.
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Operation Opera
Operation Opera (מבצע אופרה.), also known as Operation Babylon, was a surprise Israeli air strike carried out on 7 June 1981, which destroyed an Iraqi nuclear reactor under construction 17 kilometers (10.5 miles) southeast of Baghdad.
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Palestine Liberation Organization
The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO; منظمة التحرير الفلسطينية) is an organization founded in 1964 with the purpose of the "liberation of Palestine" through armed struggle, with much of its violence aimed at Israeli civilians.
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Palestinians
The Palestinian people (الشعب الفلسطيني, ash-sha‘b al-Filasṭīnī), also referred to as Palestinians (الفلسطينيون, al-Filasṭīniyyūn, פָלַסְטִינִים) or Palestinian Arabs (العربي الفلسطيني, al-'arabi il-filastini), are an ethnonational group comprising the modern descendants of the peoples who have lived in Palestine over the centuries, including Jews and Samaritans, and who today are largely culturally and linguistically Arab.
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Peace Now
Peace Now (שלום עכשיו Shalom Achshav) is a non-governmental organization, "liberal advocacy" and activist group in Israel with the aim of promoting a two-state solution to the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
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Pechora
Pechora (Печо́ра; Печӧра, Pečöra) is a town in the Komi Republic, Russia, located on the Pechora River, west of and near the northern Ural Mountains.
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Persian Corridor
The Persian Corridor was a supply route through Iran into Soviet Azerbaijan by which British aid and American Lend-Lease supplies were transferred to the Soviet Union during World War II.
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Petah Tikva
Petah Tikva (פֶּתַח תִּקְוָה,, "Opening of Hope"), also known as Em HaMoshavot ("Mother of the Moshavot"), is a city in the Central District of Israel, east of Tel Aviv.
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Politics of Israel
Politics in Israel is dominated by Zionist parties.
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Pound sterling
The pound sterling (symbol: £; ISO code: GBP), commonly known as the pound and less commonly referred to as Sterling, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, Jersey, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, the British Antarctic Territory, and Tristan da Cunha.
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Prime Minister of Israel
The Prime Minister of Israel (רֹאשׁ הַמֶּמְשָׁלָה, Rosh HaMemshala, lit. Head of the Government, Hebrew acronym: רה״מ; رئيس الحكومة, Ra'īs al-Ḥukūma) is the head of government of Israel and the most powerful figure in Israeli politics.
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Provisional government of Israel
The provisional government of Israel (הַמֶמְשָׁלָה הַזְמַנִּית, translit. HaMemshela HaZmanit) was the temporary cabinet which governed the Jewish community in Mandatory Palestine, and later the newly established State of Israel, until the formation of the first government in March 1949 following the first Knesset elections in January that year.
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Rafi (political party)
Rafi (רַפִ"י, an acronym for Reshimat Poalei Yisrael (רְשִׁימָת פּוֹעַלֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל), lit. Israeli Workers List) was a center-left political party in Israel, founded by former Prime Minister, David Ben-Gurion in 1965.
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Raid on Entebbe (film)
Raid on Entebbe is a 1977 NBC television film directed by Irvin Kershner.
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Reparations Agreement between Israel and West Germany
The Reparations Agreement between Israel and the Federal Republic of Germany (German: Luxemburger Abkommen "Luxembourg Agreement" or Wiedergutmachungsabkommen "Wiedergutmachung Agreement", Hebrew: הסכם השילומים Heskem HaShillumim "Reparations Agreement") was signed on September 10, 1952,USHMM:, USHMM photograph #11019.
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Revisionist Zionism
Revisionist Zionism is a faction within the Zionist movement.
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Rhetoric
Rhetoric is the art of discourse, wherein a writer or speaker strives to inform, persuade, or motivate particular audiences in specific situations.
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Rogers Plan
The Rogers Plan (also known as Deep Strike) was a framework proposed by United States Secretary of State William P. Rogers to achieve an end to belligerence in the Arab–Israeli conflict following the Six-Day War and the continuing War of Attrition.
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Romania
Romania (România) is a sovereign state located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe.
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Russian Empire
The Russian Empire (Российская Империя) or Russia was an empire that existed across Eurasia and North America from 1721, following the end of the Great Northern War, until the Republic was proclaimed by the Provisional Government that took power after the February Revolution of 1917.
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Sabra and Shatila massacre
The Sabra and Shatila massacre was the killing of between 762 and 3,500 civilians, mostly Palestinians and Lebanese Shiites, by a militia close to the Kataeb Party, also called Phalange, a predominantly Christian Lebanese right-wing party in the Sabra neighborhood and the adjacent Shatila refugee camp in Beirut, Lebanon.
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Sadat (miniseries)
Sadat is a 1983 American two-part, four-hour television miniseries based on the life and death of the late 3rd President of Egypt, Anwar Sadat starring Louis Gossett Jr. as Sadat and Madolyn Smith as Sadat's wife, Jehan.
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Saddam Hussein
Saddam Hussein Abd al-Majid al-Tikriti (Arabic: صدام حسين عبد المجيد التكريتي; 28 April 1937 – 30 December 2006) was President of Iraq from 16 July 1979 until 9 April 2003.
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Sapper
A sapper, also called pioneer or combat engineer, is a combatant or soldier who performs a variety of military engineering duties such as breaching fortifications, demolitions, bridge-building, laying or clearing minefields, preparing field defenses as well as building, and working on road and airfield construction and repair.
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Science fiction
Science fiction (often shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as advanced science and technology, spaceflight, time travel, and extraterrestrial life.
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Sephardi Jews
Sephardi Jews, also known as Sephardic Jews or Sephardim (סְפָרַדִּים, Modern Hebrew: Sefaraddim, Tiberian: Səp̄āraddîm; also Ye'hude Sepharad, lit. "The Jews of Spain"), originally from Sepharad, Spain or the Iberian peninsula, are a Jewish ethnic division.
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Shabbat
Shabbat (שַׁבָּת, "rest" or "cessation") or Shabbos (Ashkenazi Hebrew and שבת), or the Sabbath is Judaism's day of rest and seventh day of the week, on which religious Jews, Samaritans and certain Christians (such as Seventh-day Adventists, the 7th Day movement and Seventh Day Baptists) remember the Biblical creation of the heavens and the earth in six days and the Exodus of the Hebrews, and look forward to a future Messianic Age.
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Shimon Peres
Shimon Peres (שמעון פרס,; born Szymon Perski; August 2, 1923 – September 28, 2016) was an Israeli politician who served as the ninth President of Israel (2007–2014), the Prime Minister of Israel (twice), and the Interim Prime Minister, in the 1970s to the 1990s.
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Shlomo Argov
Shlomo Argov (שלמה ארגוב; 14 December 1929 – 23 February 2003) was a prominent Israeli diplomat.
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Sidney Hook
Sidney Hook (December 20, 1902 – July 12, 1989) was an American philosopher of the Pragmatist school known for his contributions to the philosophy of history, the philosophy of education, political theory, and ethics.
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Sikorski–Mayski agreement
The Sikorski–Mayski Agreement was a treaty between the Soviet Union and Poland, signed in London on 30 July 1941.
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Simha Erlich
Simha Erlich (שמחה ארליך, 1915 – 19 June 1983) was an Israeli politician.
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Simon & Schuster
Simon & Schuster, Inc., a subsidiary of CBS Corporation, is an American publishing company founded in New York City in 1924 by Richard Simon and Max Schuster.
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Sinai Peninsula
The Sinai Peninsula or simply Sinai (now usually) is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.
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Six-Day War
The Six-Day War (Hebrew: מלחמת ששת הימים, Milhemet Sheshet Ha Yamim; Arabic: النكسة, an-Naksah, "The Setback" or حرب ۱۹٦۷, Ḥarb 1967, "War of 1967"), also known as the June War, 1967 Arab–Israeli War, or Third Arab–Israeli War, was fought between 5 and 10 June 1967 by Israel and the neighboring states of Egypt (known at the time as the United Arab Republic), Jordan, and Syria.
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Socialism
Socialism is a range of economic and social systems characterised by social ownership and democratic control of the means of production as well as the political theories and movements associated with them.
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Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
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Stefan Korboński
Stefan Korboński (2 March 1901 in Praszka - 23 April 1989 in Washington, D.C., USA) was a Polish agrarian politician, lawyer, journalist and a notable member of the wartime authorities of the Polish Secret State.
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Stephen Samuel Wise
Stephen Samuel Wise (1874–1949) was an early 20th-century American, Progressive Era, Reform rabbi, and Zionist leader.
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Techno-thriller
A techno-thriller (also known as technothrillers) is a hybrid genre drawing from science fiction, thrillers, spy fiction, action, and war novels.
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Tehiya
Tehiya (תחיה, Revival), originally known as Banai (Hebrew: בנא"י, an acronym for Land of Israel Loyalists' Alliance (Hebrew: ברית נאמני ארץ ישראל)), then Tehiya-Bnai (Hebrew: תחייה-בנא"י), was an ultranationalist political party in Israel.
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Tel Aviv
Tel Aviv (תֵּל אָבִיב,, تل أَبيب) is the second most populous city in Israel – after Jerusalem – and the most populous city in the conurbation of Gush Dan, Israel's largest metropolitan area.
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Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center
Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center (commonly referred to as Ichilov Hospital) is the main hospital serving Tel Aviv, Israel and its metropolitan area and the third-largest hospital complex in the country.
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Television in Israel
Television in Israel refers to television broadcasting services in the State of Israel, inaugurated on March 24, 1966.
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The Fifth Horseman (novel)
The Fifth Horseman is a 1980 techno-thriller novel written by Larry Collins and Dominique Lapierre.
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The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
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The Holocaust
The Holocaust, also referred to as the Shoah, was a genocide during World War II in which Nazi Germany, aided by its collaborators, systematically murdered approximately 6 million European Jews, around two-thirds of the Jewish population of Europe, between 1941 and 1945.
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The Hunting Season
The Hunting Season or The Saison (הסזון, short for la saison de chasse) was the name given to the Haganah's attempt, as ordered by the official bodies of the pre-state Yishuv to suppress the Irgun's insurgency against the government of the British Mandate in Palestine, from November 1944 to February 1945.
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The Last Temptation of Homer
"The Last Temptation of Homer" is the ninth episode of The Simpsons' fifth season.
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The Prime Ministers
The Prime Ministers: An Intimate Narrative of Israeli Leadership is a 2010 book written by Yehuda Avner and published by Toby Press.
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The Revolt
The Revolt (also published as Revolt, The Revolt: Inside Story of the Irgun and The Revolt: the Dramatic Inside Story of the Irgun) is a book about the militant Zionist organization Irgun Zvai Leumi, by one of its principal leaders, Menachem Begin.
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The Sergeants affair
The Sergeants affair (פרשת הסרג'נטים) was an incident that took place in Mandate Palestine in July 1947 during Jewish insurgency in Palestine, in which the Jewish underground group Irgun kidnapped two British Army Intelligence Corps NCOs, Sergeant Clifford Martin and Sergeant Mervyn Paice and threatened to hang them if the death sentences passed on three Irgun militants: Avshalom Haviv, Meir Nakar, and Yaakov Weiss, were carried out.
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Theodor Herzl
Theodor Herzl (תאודור הֶרְצֵל Te'odor Hertsel, Herzl Tivadar; 2 May 1860 – 3 July 1904), Hebrew name given at his brit milah Binyamin Ze'ev (בִּנְיָמִין זְאֵב), also known in Hebrew as, Chozeh HaMedinah (lit. "Visionary of the State") was an Austro-Hungarian journalist, playwright, political activist, and writer who was the father of modern political Zionism.
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Toby Press
Toby Press was an American comic-book company that published from 1949 to 1955.
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Tom Segev
Tom Segev (תום שגב; born March 1, 1945) is an Israeli historian, author and journalist.
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Torah
Torah (תּוֹרָה, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") has a range of meanings.
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Totalitarianism
Benito Mussolini Totalitarianism is a political concept where the state recognizes no limits to its authority and strives to control every aspect of public and private life wherever feasible.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 242
United Nations Security Council Resolution 242 (S/RES/242) was adopted unanimously by the UN Security Council on November 22, 1967, in the aftermath of the Six-Day War.
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United Nations Security Council Resolution 487
United Nations Security Council resolution 487, adopted unanimously on 19 June 1981, having noted representations from Iraq and the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), the Council condemned an attack by Israel on an IAEA-approved nuclear site in Iraq.
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University of Warsaw
The University of Warsaw (Uniwersytet Warszawski, Universitas Varsoviensis), established in 1816, is the largest university in Poland.
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Value-added tax
A value-added tax (VAT), known in some countries as a goods and services tax (GST), is a type of tax that is assessed incrementally, based on the increase in value of a product or service at each stage of production or distribution.
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Vecherniy Brest
Vecherniy Brest is a bilingual regional socio-political weekly newspaper, published in Brest on Friday (circulation 26,000-35,000).
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Vilnius
Vilnius (see also other names) is the capital of Lithuania and its largest city, with a population of 574,221.
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Walter Guinness, 1st Baron Moyne
Walter Edward Guinness, 1st Baron Moyne, DSO & Bar, PC (29 March 1880 – 6 November 1944) was an Anglo-Irish politician and businessman.
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Waltz with Bashir
Waltz with Bashir (ואלס עם באשיר, translit. Vals Im Bashir) is a 2008 Israeli animated war documentary film written and directed by Ari Folman.
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Weapon of mass destruction
A weapon of mass destruction (WMD) is a nuclear, radiological, chemical, biological or other weapon that can kill and bring significant harm to a large number of humans or cause great damage to human-made structures (e.g., buildings), natural structures (e.g., mountains), or the biosphere.
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West Bank
The West Bank (الضفة الغربية; הגדה המערבית, HaGadah HaMa'aravit) is a landlocked territory near the Mediterranean coast of Western Asia, the bulk of it now under Israeli control, or else under joint Israeli-Palestinian Authority control.
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West Germany
West Germany is the common English name for the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG; Bundesrepublik Deutschland, BRD) in the period between its creation on 23 May 1949 and German reunification on 3 October 1990.
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White Nights (book)
White Nights: the Story of a Prisoner in Russia is an autobiographical memoir by Menachem Begin, the sixth Prime Minister of Israel, describing his imprisonment in the Soviet gulag labour camps during 1940-1942.
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White Paper of 1939
The White Paper of 1939Occasionally also known as the MacDonald White Paper (e.g. Caplan, 2015, p.117) after Malcolm MacDonald, the British Colonial Secretary who presided over its creation.
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William B. Quandt
William B. Quandt (born 1941) is an American scholar, author, professor emeritus in the Department of Politics at the University of Virginia.
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Worldwar series
The Worldwar series is the fan name given to a series of alternate history science fiction novels by Harry Turtledove.
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Worldwar: Striking the Balance
Worldwar: Striking the Balance is an alternate history novel by American writer Harry Turtledove.
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X-Men
The X-Men is a team of fictional superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.
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Ya'akov Meridor
Ya'akov Meridor (יעקב מרידור, born Yaakov Viniarsky on 29 September 1913, died 30 June 1995) was an Israeli politician, Irgun commander, and businessman.
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Yamit
Yamit (ימית) was an Israeli settlement in the northern part of the Sinai Peninsula with a population of about 2,500 people.
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Yasser Arafat
Mohammed Yasser Abdel Rahman Abdel Raouf Arafat al-Qudwa (محمد ياسر عبد الرحمن عبد الرؤوف عرفات; 24 August 1929 – 11 November 2004), popularly known as Yasser Arafat (ياسر عرفات) or by his kunya Abu Ammar (أبو عمار), was a Palestinian political leader.
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Yehuda Avner
Yehuda Avner (יהודה אבנר; December 30, 1928 – March 24, 2015) was an Israeli prime ministerial advisor, diplomat, and author.
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Yehuda Bauer
Yehuda Bauer (Hebrew: יהודה באואר; born April 6, 1926) is an Israeli historian and scholar of the Holocaust.
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Yiddish
Yiddish (ייִדיש, יידיש or אידיש, yidish/idish, "Jewish",; in older sources ייִדיש-טײַטש Yidish-Taitsh, Judaeo-German) is the historical language of the Ashkenazi Jews.
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Yigael Yadin
Yigael Yadin (יִגָּאֵל יָדִין, born Yigael Sukenik 20 March 1917 – 28 June 1984) was an Israeli archeologist, politician, and the second Chief of Staff of the Israel Defense Forces.
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Yigal Allon
Yigal Allon (יגאל אלון; 10 October 1918 – 29 February 1980) was an Israeli politician, a commander of the Palmach, and a general in the IDF.
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Yishuv
The Yishuv (ישוב, literally "settlement") or Ha-Yishuv (the Yishuv, הישוב) or Ha-Yishuv Ha-Ivri (the Hebrew Yishuv, הישוב העברי) is the term referring to the body of Jewish residents in the land of Israel (corresponding to Ottoman Syria until 1917, OETA South 1917–1920 and later Mandatory Palestine 1920–1948) prior to the establishment of the State of Israel.
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Yitzhak Navon
Yitzhak Rachamim Navon (יצחק נבון; 9 April 1921 – 6 November 2015) was an Israeli politician, diplomat, and author.
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Yitzhak Rabin
Yitzhak Rabin (יצחק רבין,; 1 March 1922 – 4 November 1995) was an Israeli politician, statesman and general.
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Yitzhak Shamir
Yitzhak Shamir (יצחק שמיר,; born Yitzhak Yezernitsky; October 22, 1915 – June 30, 2012) was an Israeli politician and the seventh Prime Minister of Israel, serving two terms, 1983–84 and 1986–1992.
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YIVO
YIVO (Yiddish: ייִוואָ), established in 1925 in Wilno in the Second Polish Republic (now Vilnius, Lithuania) as the Yidisher Visnshaftlekher Institut (Yiddish: ייִדישער װיסנשאַפֿטלעכער אינסטיטוט,, Yiddish Scientific Institute), is an organization that preserves, studies, and teaches the cultural history of Jewish life throughout Eastern Europe, Germany and Russia, as well as orthography, lexicography, and other studies related to Yiddish.
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Yom Kippur War
The Yom Kippur War, Ramadan War, or October War (or מלחמת יום כיפור,;,, or حرب تشرين), also known as the 1973 Arab–Israeli War, was a war fought from October 6 to 25, 1973, by a coalition of Arab states led by Egypt and Syria against Israel.
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Ze'ev Jabotinsky
Ze'ev Jabotinsky, MBE (זאב ז'בוטינסקי, Ze'ev Zhabotinski; זאב זשאבאטינסקי; born Vladimir Yevgenyevich Zhabotinsky, Влади́мир Евге́ньевич Жаботи́нский; 5 (17) October 1880, Odessa – 4 August 1940, Hunter, New York), was a Russian Jewish Revisionist Zionist leader, author, poet, orator, soldier and founder of the Jewish Self-Defense Organization in Odessa.
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Zionism
Zionism (צִיּוֹנוּת Tsiyyonut after Zion) is the national movement of the Jewish people that supports the re-establishment of a Jewish homeland in the territory defined as the historic Land of Israel (roughly corresponding to Canaan, the Holy Land, or the region of Palestine).
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1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine
The 1947–48 Civil War in Mandatory Palestine was the first phase of the 1948 Palestine war.
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1948 Arab–Israeli War
The 1948 Arab–Israeli War, or the First Arab–Israeli War, was fought between the State of Israel and a military coalition of Arab states over the control of Palestine, forming the second stage of the 1948 Palestine war.
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1982 Lebanon War
The 1982 Lebanon War, dubbed Operation Peace for Galilee (מבצע שלום הגליל, or מבצע של"ג Mivtsa Shlom HaGalil or Mivtsa Sheleg) by the Israeli government, later known in Israel as the Lebanon War or the First Lebanon War (מלחמת לבנון הראשונה, Milhemet Levanon Harishona), and known in Lebanon as "the invasion" (الاجتياح, Al-ijtiyāḥ), began on 6 June 1982, when the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) invaded southern Lebanon, after repeated attacks and counter-attacks between the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) operating in southern Lebanon and the IDF that had caused civilian casualties on both sides of the border.
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1983 Israel bank stock crisis
The Bank stock crisis was a financial crisis that occurred in Israel in 1983, during which the stocks of the four largest banks in Israel collapsed.
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1985 Israel Economic Stabilization Plan
The Economic Stabilization Plan was implemented in Israel in 1985 in response to the dire domestic economic situation of the early 1980s.
New!!: Menachem Begin and 1985 Israel Economic Stabilization Plan · See more »
Redirects here:
Begin, Menachem, Begin, Menachem Wolfovitch, Menachem Wolfovitch Begin, Menachen Begin, Menachim Begin, Menachum Begin, Menahem Begin, Mieczysław Biegun, Prime Minister Begin, Менахем Вольфович Бегин, מְנַחֵם בְּגִין, מנחם בגין.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Menachem_Begin
