Retinal and Retinol

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Difference between Retinal and Retinol

Retinal vs. Retinol

Retinal is also known as retinaldehyde. Retinol, also known as Vitamin A1, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.

Carotene

The term carotene (also carotin, from the Latin carota, "carrot") is used for many related unsaturated hydrocarbon substances having the formula C40Hx, which are synthesized by plants but in general cannot be made by animals (with the exception of some aphids and spider mites which acquired the synthesizing genes from fungi).

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Carotenoid

Carotenoids, also called tetraterpenoids, are organic pigments that are produced by plants and algae, as well as several bacteria and fungi.

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Chromophore

A chromophore is the part of a molecule responsible for its color.

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George Wald

George David Wald (November 18, 1906 – April 12, 1997) was an American scientist who studied pigments in the retina.

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Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin), administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the fields of life sciences and medicine.

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Opsin

Opsins are a group of proteins, made light-sensitive, via the chromophore retinal found in photoreceptor cells of the retina.

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Polyene

Polyenes are poly-unsaturated organic compounds that contain at least three alternating double and single carbon–carbon bonds.

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Retina

The retina is the innermost, light-sensitive "coat", or layer, of shell tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.

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Retinal

Retinal is also known as retinaldehyde.

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Retinoic acid

Retinoic acid is a metabolite of vitamin A (retinol) that mediates the functions of vitamin A required for growth and development.

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Retinol dehydrogenase

In enzymology, a retinol dehydrogenase (RDH) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction Sometimes, in addition to or along with NAD+, NADP+ can act as a preferred cofactor in the reaction as well.

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Rhodopsin

Rhodopsin (also known as visual purple) is a light-sensitive receptor protein involved in visual phototransduction.

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RPE65

Retinal pigment epithelium-specific 65 kDa protein, also known as retinoid isomerohydrolase, is an enzyme of the vertebrate visual cycle that is encoded in humans by the RPE65 gene.

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Schiff base

A Schiff base (named after Hugo Schiff) is a compound with the general structure R2C.

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Vitamin A

Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids (most notably beta-carotene).

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