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870 relations: Academy Awards, Accession of Ukraine to the European Union, Act of restoration of the Ukrainian state, Acta Paediatrica, Airline, Al Jazeera Media Network, Alcohol intoxication, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Andrew Wilson (historian), Andriy Melnyk (officer), Andriy Shevchenko, Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Annexation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire, Antes people, Antin Holovaty, Antonov, Arable land, Architecture of Poland, Architecture of Russia, Armed Forces of Ukraine, Armenians, Arms industry, Article (grammar), Askold and Dir, Associated Press, Association football, Atheism, Australian Journal of Politics and History, Austrian Empire, Autonomous republic, Autonomous Republic of Crimea, Avalon Project, Axis powers, Balkans, Ballon d'Or, Bandura, Barley, Basic Books, Basketball, Batkivshchyna, Battle of Berestechko, Battle of Debaltseve, Battle of Kiev (1941), Battle of Poltava, BBC, BBC News, BBC News Ukrainian, BC Budivelnyk, Belarus, ... Expand index (820 more) »
- Countries and territories where Ukrainian is an official language
- Post-Soviet states
Academy Awards
The Academy Awards of Merit, commonly known as the Oscars or Academy Awards, are awards for artistic and technical merit for the film industry.
See Ukraine and Academy Awards
Accession of Ukraine to the European Union
On 28 February 2022, four days after it was invaded by Russia, Ukraine applied for membership of the European Union (EU).
See Ukraine and Accession of Ukraine to the European Union
Act of restoration of the Ukrainian state
The act of restoration of the Ukrainian state (Акт відновлення Української Держави) or proclamation of the Ukrainian state of June 30, 1941, was announced by the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN) under the leadership of Stepan Bandera, who declared an independent Ukrainian state in Lviv.
See Ukraine and Act of restoration of the Ukrainian state
Acta Paediatrica
Acta Paediatrica is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering paediatrics.
See Ukraine and Acta Paediatrica
Airline
An airline is a company that provides air transport services for traveling passengers and/or freight.
Al Jazeera Media Network
Al Jazeera Media Network (AJMN; The Peninsula) is a private-media conglomerate headquartered at Wadi Al Sail, Doha, funded in part by the government of Qatar.
See Ukraine and Al Jazeera Media Network
Alcohol intoxication
Alcohol intoxication, also known in overdose as alcohol poisoning, commonly described as drunkenness or inebriation, is the behavior and physical effects caused by a recent consumption of alcohol.
See Ukraine and Alcohol intoxication
Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece (Hellás) was a northeastern Mediterranean civilization, existing from the Greek Dark Ages of the 12th–9th centuries BC to the end of classical antiquity, that comprised a loose collection of culturally and linguistically related city-states and other territories.
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Ancient Rome
In modern historiography, ancient Rome is the Roman civilisation from the founding of the Italian city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD.
Andrew Wilson (historian)
Andrew Wilson (born 1961) is a British historian and political scientist specializing in Eastern Europe, particularly Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Andrew Wilson (historian)
Andriy Melnyk (officer)
Andriy Atanasovych Melnyk (Андрій Атанасович Мельник; 12 December 1890 – 1 November 1964) was a Ukrainian military and political leader.
See Ukraine and Andriy Melnyk (officer)
Andriy Shevchenko
Andriy Mykolayovych Shevchenko, or Andrii Mykolaiovych Shevchenko (Андрій Миколайович Шевченко,; born 29 September 1976) is a Ukrainian former professional football player and manager.
See Ukraine and Andriy Shevchenko
Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
In February and March 2014, Russia invaded the Crimean Peninsula, part of Ukraine, and then annexed it.
See Ukraine and Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation
Annexation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire
The territory of the Crimean Khanate was annexed by the Russian Empire on.
See Ukraine and Annexation of the Crimean Khanate by the Russian Empire
Antes people
The Antes or Antae (Ἄνται) were an early Slavic tribal polity of the 6th century CE.
Antin Holovaty
Antin Holovaty (Антiн Андрійович Головатий) or Anton Golovaty (Антон Андреевич Головатый); between 1732 and 1744 – January 28, 1797 was a prominent Zaporozhian Cossack leader who after the Zaporozhian Sich's destruction was a key figure in the formation of the Black Sea Cossack Host and their later resettlement to the Kuban Region of Russia.
See Ukraine and Antin Holovaty
Antonov
Antonov Company, formerly the Aeronautical Scientific-Technical Complex named after Antonov (Antonov ASTC), and earlier the Antonov Design Bureau, for its chief designer, Oleg Antonov, is a Ukrainian aircraft manufacturing and services company.
Arable land
Arable land (from the arabilis, "able to be ploughed") is any land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.
Architecture of Poland
The architecture of Poland includes modern and historical monuments of architectural and historical importance.
See Ukraine and Architecture of Poland
Architecture of Russia
The architecture of Russia refers to the architecture of modern Russia as well as the architecture of both the original Kievan Rus', the Russian principalities, and Imperial Russia.
See Ukraine and Architecture of Russia
Armed Forces of Ukraine
The Armed Forces of Ukraine (abbreviated as AFU) are the military forces of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Armed Forces of Ukraine
Armenians
Armenians (hayer) are an ethnic group and nation native to the Armenian highlands of West Asia.
Arms industry
The arms industry, also known as the defence (or defense) industry, military industry, or the arms trade, is a global industry which manufactures and sells weapons and military technology.
Article (grammar)
In grammar, an article is any member of a class of dedicated words that are used with noun phrases to mark the identifiability of the referents of the noun phrases.
See Ukraine and Article (grammar)
Askold and Dir
Askold and Dir (Haskuldr or Hǫskuldr and Dyr or Djur in Old Norse; died in 882), mentioned in both the Primary Chronicle, the Novgorod First Chronicle, and the Nikon Chronicle, were the earliest known rulers of Kiev.
See Ukraine and Askold and Dir
Associated Press
The Associated Press (AP) is an American not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.
See Ukraine and Associated Press
Association football
Association football, more commonly known as football or soccer, is a team sport played between two teams of 11 players each, who primarily use their feet to propel a ball around a rectangular field called a pitch.
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Atheism
Atheism, in the broadest sense, is an absence of belief in the existence of deities.
Australian Journal of Politics and History
The Australian Journal of Politics and History is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes articles about history, political studies, and international affairs, concentrating on Australia, New Zealand and the Asia-Pacific region.
See Ukraine and Australian Journal of Politics and History
Austrian Empire
The Austrian Empire, officially known as the Empire of Austria, was a multinational European great power from 1804 to 1867, created by proclamation out of the realms of the Habsburgs.
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Autonomous republic
An autonomous republic is a type of administrative division similar to a province or state.
See Ukraine and Autonomous republic
Autonomous Republic of Crimea
The Autonomous Republic of Crimea is an administrative division of Ukraine encompassing most of Crimea that was unilaterally annexed by Russia in 2014. Ukraine and Autonomous Republic of Crimea are countries and territories where Ukrainian is an official language.
See Ukraine and Autonomous Republic of Crimea
Avalon Project
The Avalon Project is a digital library of documents relating to law, history and diplomacy.
See Ukraine and Avalon Project
Axis powers
The Axis powers, originally called the Rome–Berlin Axis and also Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, was a military coalition that initiated World War II and fought against the Allies.
Balkans
The Balkans, corresponding partially with the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographical area in southeastern Europe with various geographical and historical definitions.
Ballon d'Or
The Ballon d'Or is an annual football award presented by French magazine France Football since 1956 to honour the player deemed to have performed the best over the previous season.
Bandura
A bandura (бандура) is a Ukrainian plucked-string folk-instrument.
Barley
Barley (Hordeum vulgare), a member of the grass family, is a major cereal grain grown in temperate climates globally.
Basic Books
Basic Books is a book publisher founded in 1950 and located in New York City, now an imprint of Hachette Book Group.
Basketball
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams, most commonly of five players each, opposing one another on a rectangular court, compete with the primary objective of shooting a basketball (approximately in diameter) through the defender's hoop (a basket in diameter mounted high to a backboard at each end of the court), while preventing the opposing team from shooting through their own hoop.
Batkivshchyna
The All-Ukrainian Union "Fatherland" (translit), referred to as Batkivshchyna, is a political party in Ukraine led by People's Deputy of Ukraine, former Ukrainian Prime Minister Yulia Tymoshenko.
Battle of Berestechko
The Battle of Berestechko (Ukrainian: Битва під Берестечком, Polish: Bitwa pod Beresteczkiem; 28 June – 10 July, 1651) was fought between the Cossack Hetmanate and Crimean Khanate against the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth as a part of the Khmelnytsky Uprising.
See Ukraine and Battle of Berestechko
Battle of Debaltseve
The Battle of Debaltseve was a military confrontation in the city of Debaltseve, Donetsk Oblast, between the pro-Russian separatist forces of the Donetsk People's Republic (DPR) and Luhansk People's Republic (LPR), and the Ukrainian Armed Forces, starting in mid-January 2015 during the war in the Donbas region.
See Ukraine and Battle of Debaltseve
Battle of Kiev (1941)
The First Battle of Kiev was the German name for the major battle that resulted in an encirclement of Soviet troops in the vicinity of Kiev during World War II, the capital and most populous city of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic.
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Battle of Poltava
The Battle of Poltava (8 July 1709) was the decisive and largest battle of the Great Northern War.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster headquartered at Broadcasting House in London, England.
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BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs in the UK and around the world.
BBC News Ukrainian
BBC News Ukrainian (BBC News Україна) is the Ukrainian service of BBC News which conveys the latest political, social, economical and sport news relevant to Ukraine and the world.
See Ukraine and BBC News Ukrainian
BC Budivelnyk
BC Budivelnyk Kyiv (in Ukrainian: Будівельник Київ) is a Ukrainian professional basketball club based in Kyiv.
Belarus
Belarus, officially the Republic of Belarus, is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe. Ukraine and Belarus are countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations, post-Soviet states and republics.
Belarusians
Belarusians (biełarusy) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Belarus.
Belarusians in Ukraine
Belarusians in Ukraine (Biełarusy Ukrainy; Bilorusy v Ukraini) are the third biggest minority after Russians.
See Ukraine and Belarusians in Ukraine
Belovezha Accords
The Belovezha Accords (translit, translit, translit) is the agreement declaring that the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) had effectively ceased to exist and establishing the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) in its place as a successor entity.
See Ukraine and Belovezha Accords
Bessarabia
Bessarabia is a historical region in Eastern Europe, bounded by the Dniester river on the east and the Prut river on the west.
BioScience
BioScience is a monthly peer-reviewed scientific journal that is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Institute of Biological Sciences.
Birth rate
Birth rate, also known as natality, is the total number of live human births per 1,000 population for a given period divided by the length of the period in years.
Black Sea
The Black Sea is a marginal mediterranean sea lying between Europe and Asia, east of the Balkans, south of the East European Plain, west of the Caucasus, and north of Anatolia.
Black Sea slave trade
The Black Sea slave trade trafficked people across the Black Sea from Europe and the Caucasus to slavery in the Mediterranean and the Middle East.
See Ukraine and Black Sea slave trade
Bohdan Khmelnytsky
Bohdan Zynoviy Mykhailovych Khmelnytsky (Ruthenian: Ѕѣнові Богданъ Хмелнiцкiи; modern Богдан Зиновій Михайлович Хмельницький, Polish: Bohdan Chmielnicki; 15956 August 1657) was a Ruthenian nobleman and military commander of Ukrainian Cossacks as Hetman of the Zaporozhian Host, which was then under the suzerainty of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
See Ukraine and Bohdan Khmelnytsky
Bologna Process
The Bologna Process is a series of ministerial meetings and agreements between European countries to ensure comparability in the standards and quality of higher-education qualifications.
See Ukraine and Bologna Process
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks (italic,; from большинство,, 'majority'), led by Vladimir Lenin, were a far-left faction of the Marxist Russian Social Democratic Labour Party (RSDLP) which split with the Mensheviks at the Second Party Congress in 1903.
Borscht
Borscht is a sour soup, made with meat stock, vegetables and seasonings, common in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia.
Boryspil International Airport
Boryspil International Airport (Міжнародний аеропорт «Бориспіль») is an international airport in Boryspil, east of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Boryspil International Airport
Boxing
Boxing is a combat sport and martial art.
Brazil
Brazil, officially the Federative Republic of Brazil, is the largest and easternmost country in South America and Latin America. Ukraine and Brazil are member states of the United Nations.
Budapest Memorandum
The Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances comprises three substantially identical political agreements signed at the OSCE conference in Budapest, Hungary, on 5 December 1994, to provide security assurances by its signatories relating to the accession of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT).
See Ukraine and Budapest Memorandum
Bukovina
BukovinaBukowina or Buchenland; Bukovina; Bukowina; Bucovina; Bukovyna; see also other languages.
Bulgarians
Bulgarians (bŭlgari) are a nation and South Slavic ethnic group native to Bulgaria and its neighbouring region, who share a common Bulgarian ancestry, culture, history and language.
Bulgarians in Ukraine
Bulgarians in Ukraine (Българи в Украйна, Bǎlgari v Ukrayna;, Bolhary v Ukraïni) make up the fifth biggest minority in the country and primarily reside in southern Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Bulgarians in Ukraine
Business Insider
Business Insider (stylized in all caps, shortened to BI, known from 2021 to 2023 as Insider) is a New York City–based multinational financial and business news website founded in 2007.
See Ukraine and Business Insider
Byzantine architecture
Byzantine architecture is the architecture of the Byzantine Empire, or Eastern Roman Empire, usually dated from 330 AD, when Constantine the Great established a new Roman capital in Byzantium, which became Constantinople, until the fall of the Byzantine Empire in 1453.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire, was the continuation of the Roman Empire centered in Constantinople during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages.
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Cabbage soup
Cabbage soup may refer to any of the variety of soups based on various cabbages, or on sauerkraut and known under different names in national cuisines.
Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press is the university press of the University of Cambridge.
See Ukraine and Cambridge University Press
Canadian Ukrainian
Canadian Ukrainian is a dialect of the Ukrainian language specific to the Ukrainian Canadian community descended from the first three waves of historical Ukrainian emigration to Western Canada.
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Carpathian Mountains
The Carpathian Mountains or Carpathians are a range of mountains forming an arc across Central Europe and Southeast Europe.
See Ukraine and Carpathian Mountains
Castle
A castle is a type of fortified structure built during the Middle Ages predominantly by the nobility or royalty and by military orders.
Catherine the Great
Catherine II (born Princess Sophie Augusta Frederica von Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 172917 November 1796), most commonly known as Catherine the Great, was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.28 to 1.39 billion baptized Catholics worldwide as of 2024.
See Ukraine and Catholic Church
Causes of the Holodomor
The causes of the Holodomor, which was a famine in Soviet Ukraine during 1932 and 1933, resulted in the death of around 3–5 million people.
See Ukraine and Causes of the Holodomor
Caviar
Caviar (also known as caviare, originally from the egg-bearing) is a food consisting of salt-cured roe of the family Acipenseridae.
CBS News
CBS News is the news division of the American television and radio broadcaster CBS.
Central Asia
Central Asia is a subregion of Asia that stretches from the Caspian Sea in the southwest and Eastern Europe in the northwest to Western China and Mongolia in the east, and from Afghanistan and Iran in the south to Russia in the north.
Central Europe
Central Europe is a geographical region of Europe between Eastern, Southern, Western and Northern Europe.
See Ukraine and Central Europe
Central European mixed forests
The Central European mixed forests ecoregion (WWF ID: PA0412) is a temperate hardwood forest covering much of northeastern Europe, from Germany to Russia.
See Ukraine and Central European mixed forests
Central Powers
The Central Powers, also known as the Central Empires,Mittelmächte; Központi hatalmak; İttıfâq Devletleri, Bağlaşma Devletleri; translit were one of the two main coalitions that fought in World War I (1914–1918).
See Ukraine and Central Powers
Central Russian Upland
The Central Russian Upland (also Middle Russian Upland and East European Upland) is an upland area of the East European Plain and is an undulating plateau with an average elevation of.
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Central Ukraine
Central Ukraine (Tsentralna Ukraina) consists of historical regions of left-bank Ukraine and right-bank Ukraine that reference to the Dnieper River.
See Ukraine and Central Ukraine
Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada
The Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (Holova Verkhovnoi Rady Ukrainy) is the presiding officer of the Verkhovna Rada, Ukraine's unicameral parliament.
See Ukraine and Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada
Cheka
The All-Russian Extraordinary Commission (p), abbreviated as VChK (p), and commonly known as the Cheka (p), was the first Soviet secret police organization.
Cherkasy Oblast
Cherkasy Oblast (Cherkaska oblast), also referred to as Cherkashchyna (Черкащина) is an oblast (province) in central Ukraine located along the Dnieper River.
See Ukraine and Cherkasy Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast
Chernihiv Oblast (translit), also referred to as Chernihivshchyna (Чернігівщина), is an oblast (province) in northern Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Chernihiv Oblast
Chernivtsi Oblast
Chernivtsi Oblast (Chernivetska oblast), also referred to as Chernivechchyna (label), is an oblast (province) in western Ukraine, consisting of the northern parts of the historical regions of Bukovina and Bessarabia.
See Ukraine and Chernivtsi Oblast
Chernivtsi University
Chernivtsi National University (full name Yuriy Fedkovych Chernivtsi National University, Чернівецький національний університет імені Юрія Федьковича) is a public university in the City of Chernivtsi in Western Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Chernivtsi University
Chernobyl
Chernobyl (Чернобыль) or Chornobyl (Чорнобиль) is a partially abandoned city in the Chernobyl Exclusion Zone, situated in the Vyshhorod Raion of northern Kyiv Oblast, Ukraine.
Chernobyl disaster
The Chernobyl disaster began on 26 April 1986 with the explosion of the No. 4 reactor of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant near the city of Pripyat in the north of the Ukrainian SSR, close to the border with the Byelorussian SSR, in the Soviet Union.
See Ukraine and Chernobyl disaster
Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant
The Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (ChNPP) is a nuclear power plant undergoing decommissioning.
See Ukraine and Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant
Chersonesus
Chersonesus, contracted in medieval Greek to Cherson (Χερσών), was an ancient Greek colony founded approximately 2,500 years ago in the southwestern part of the Crimean Peninsula.
Chess
Chess is a board game for two players.
Chicken Kiev
Chicken Kiev, also known as chicken Kyiv, is a dish made of chicken fillet pounded and rolled around cold butter, then coated with egg and bread crumbs, and either fried or baked.
Christianization of Kievan Rus'
The Christianization of Kievan Rus' was a long and complicated process that took place in several stages.
See Ukraine and Christianization of Kievan Rus'
Christians
A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.
Chronicle
A chronicle (chronica, from Greek χρονικά chroniká, from χρόνος, chrónos – "time") is a historical account of events arranged in chronological order, as in a timeline.
Cimmerians
The Cimmerians were an ancient Eastern Iranic equestrian nomadic people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe, part of whom subsequently migrated into West Asia.
City with special status
A city with special status (misto zi spetsial'nym statusom), formerly a "city of republican subordinance", is a type of first-level administrative division of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and City with special status
Classical music
Classical music generally refers to the art music of the Western world, considered to be distinct from Western folk music or popular music traditions.
See Ukraine and Classical music
Coal in Ukraine
Coal mining has historically been an important industry in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Coal in Ukraine
Collectivization in the Soviet Union
The Soviet Union introduced forced collectivization (Коллективизация) of its agricultural sector between 1928 and 1940 during the ascension of Joseph Stalin.
See Ukraine and Collectivization in the Soviet Union
Colony
A colony is a territory subject to a form of foreign rule.
Commonwealth of Independent States
The Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS) is a regional intergovernmental organization in Eurasia. Ukraine and Commonwealth of Independent States are post-Soviet states.
See Ukraine and Commonwealth of Independent States
Communist Party of Ukraine
The Communist Party of Ukraine (CPU or KPU) is a banned political party in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Communist Party of Ukraine
Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)
The Communist Party of Ukraine (translit, КПУ, KPU; translit) was the founding and ruling political party of the Ukrainian SSR operated as a republican branch (union republics) of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU).
See Ukraine and Communist Party of Ukraine (Soviet Union)
Conifer
Conifers are a group of cone-bearing seed plants, a subset of gymnosperms.
Conscription
Conscription is the state-mandated enlistment of people in a national service, mainly a military service.
Constitution Day (Ukraine)
Constitution Day (День Конституції) is a Ukrainian public holiday celebrated on 28 June since 1996.
See Ukraine and Constitution Day (Ukraine)
Constitution of Ukraine
The Constitution of Ukraine (translit) is the fundamental law of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Constitution of Ukraine
Constitutional Court of Ukraine
The Constitutional Court of Ukraine (translit) is the sole body of constitutional jurisdiction in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Constitutional Court of Ukraine
Continental climate
Continental climates often have a significant annual variation in temperature (warm to hot summers and cold winters).
See Ukraine and Continental climate
Conviction rate
The conviction rate, expressed as a percentage, represents the proportion of cases resulting in a legal declaration of guilt for an offense, against the total number of trials completed.
See Ukraine and Conviction rate
Corruption in Ukraine
Corruption is a significant issue in Ukrainian society going back to the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
See Ukraine and Corruption in Ukraine
Corruption Perceptions Index
The Corruption Perceptions Index (CPI) is an index that scores and ranks countries by their perceived levels of public sector corruption, as assessed by experts and business executives.
See Ukraine and Corruption Perceptions Index
Cossack Hetmanate
The Cossack Hetmanate (Hetmanshchyna; see other names), officially the Zaporozhian Host (Viisko Zaporozke; Exercitus Zaporoviensis), is a historical term for the 17th–18th centuries Ukrainian Cossack state located in central Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Cossack Hetmanate
Cossack songs
Cossack songs are folk songs which were created by Cossacks.
Cossacks
The Cossacks are a predominantly East Slavic Orthodox Christian people originating in the Pontic–Caspian steppe of eastern Ukraine and southern Russia.
Council of Europe
The Council of Europe (CoE; Conseil de l'Europe, CdE) is an international organisation with the goal of upholding human rights, democracy and the rule of law in Europe.
See Ukraine and Council of Europe
Coup d'état
A coup d'état, or simply a coup, is typically an illegal and overt attempt by a military organization or other government elites to unseat an incumbent leadership.
Crêpe
A crêpe or crepe is a dish made from unleavened batter or dough that is cooked on a frying pan or a griddle.
Crimea
Crimea is a peninsula in Eastern Europe, on the northern coast of the Black Sea, almost entirely surrounded by the Black Sea and the smaller Sea of Azov.
Crimea in the Soviet Union
During the existence of the Soviet Union, different governments existed within the Crimean Peninsula.
See Ukraine and Crimea in the Soviet Union
Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441–1783, the longest-lived of the Turkic khanates that succeeded the empire of the Golden Horde.
See Ukraine and Crimean Khanate
Crimean Mountains
The Crimean Mountains or Yayla Mountains /jaɪːlə/, /jeɪːlæ/ are a range of mountains running parallel to the south-eastern coast of Crimea, between about from the sea.
See Ukraine and Crimean Mountains
Crimean Submediterranean forest complex
The Crimean Submediterranean forest complex is an ecoregion on the Black Sea coast of Russia and Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Crimean Submediterranean forest complex
Crimean Tatars
Crimean Tatars or Crimeans are a Turkic ethnic group and nation native to Crimea.
See Ukraine and Crimean Tatars
Crimean–Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe
Crimean–Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe were the slave raids, for over three centuries, conducted by the military of the Crimean Khanate and the Nogai Horde primarily in lands controlled by Russia and Poland-Lithuania as well as other territories, often under the sponsorship of the Ottoman Empire, which provided slaves for the Crimean slave trade.
See Ukraine and Crimean–Nogai slave raids in Eastern Europe
Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
The Crown of the Kingdom of Poland (Korona Królestwa Polskiego; Corona Regni Poloniae) was a political and legal idea formed in the 14th century, assuming unity, indivisibility and continuity of the state.
See Ukraine and Crown of the Kingdom of Poland
Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
The Cucuteni–Trypillia culture, also known as the Cucuteni culture, Trypillia culture or Tripolye culture is a Neolithic–Chalcolithic archaeological culture (5500 to 2750 BC) of Southeast Europe.
See Ukraine and Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
Culture of Ukraine
The culture of Ukraine is composed of the material and spiritual values of the Ukrainian people that has formed throughout the history of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Culture of Ukraine
Cumans
The Cumans or Kumans (kumani; Kumanen;; Połowcy; cumani; polovtsy; polovtsi) were a Turkic nomadic people from Central Asia comprising the western branch of the Cuman–Kipchak confederation who spoke the Cuman language.
Dakh Daughters
Dakh Daughters is a Ukrainian music and theatre project started in 2012 in Kyiv.
See Ukraine and Dakh Daughters
DakhaBrakha
DakhaBrakha are a Ukrainian folk music quartet which combines the musical styles of several ethnic groups.
Daniel of Galicia
Daniel Romanovich (1201–1264) was Prince of Galicia (1205–1207; 1211–1212; 1230–1232; 1233–1234; 1238–1264), Volhynia (1205–1208; 1215–1238), Grand Prince of Kiev (1240), and King of Ruthenia (1253–1264).
See Ukraine and Daniel of Galicia
Danube
The Danube (see also other names) is the second-longest river in Europe, after the Volga in Russia.
Danube Delta
The Danube Delta (Delta Dunării,; Del'ta Dunaju) is the second largest river delta in Europe, after the Volga Delta, and is the best preserved on the continent.
De jure
In law and government, de jure describes practices that are legally recognized, regardless of whether the practice exists in reality.
De-Stalinization
De-Stalinization (translit) comprised a series of political reforms in the Soviet Union after the death of long-time leader Joseph Stalin in 1953, and the thaw brought about by ascension of Nikita Khrushchev to power, and his 1956 secret speech "On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences", which denounced Stalin's cult of personality and the Stalinist political system.
See Ukraine and De-Stalinization
Deciduous
In the fields of horticulture and botany, the term deciduous means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, after flowering; and to the shedding of ripe fruit.
Declaration of Independence of Ukraine
The Act of Declaration of Independence of Ukraine (Akt proholoshennia nezalezhnosti Ukrainy) was adopted by the Supreme Soviet of the Ukrainian SSR on 24 August 1991.
See Ukraine and Declaration of Independence of Ukraine
Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine
The Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine (translit) was adopted on July 16, 1990, by the recently elected parliament of Ukrainian SSR by a vote of 355 for and four against.
See Ukraine and Declaration of State Sovereignty of Ukraine
Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area
The Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Areas (DCFTA) are three free trade areas established between the European Union, and Georgia, Moldova, and Ukraine respectively.
See Ukraine and Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area
Demographics of Ukraine
According to the United Nations, Ukraine has a population of 36,744,636 as of 2023.
See Ukraine and Demographics of Ukraine
Denys Shmyhal
Denys Anatoliiovych Shmyhal (Дени́с Анато́лійович Шмига́ль,; born 15 October 1975) is a Ukrainian politician and entrepreneur who is the current Prime Minister of Ukraine since 2020.
Deportation of the Crimean Tatars
The deportation of the Crimean Tatars (Qırımtatar halqınıñ sürgünligi, Cyrillic: Къырымтатар халкъынынъ сюргюнлиги) or the Sürgünlik ('exile') was the ethnic cleansing and the cultural genocide of at least 191,044 Crimean Tatars which was carried out by Soviet Union authorities from 18 to 20 May 1944, supervised by Lavrentiy Beria, chief of Soviet state security and the secret police, and ordered by the Soviet leader Joseph Stalin.
See Ukraine and Deportation of the Crimean Tatars
Descent from Genghis Khan
Descent from Genghis Khan in East Asia is well documented by Chinese sources.
See Ukraine and Descent from Genghis Khan
Deutsche Welle
("German Wave"), commonly shortened to DW, is a German public, state-owned international broadcaster funded by the German federal tax budget.
See Ukraine and Deutsche Welle
Developed country
A developed country, or advanced country, is a sovereign state that has a high quality of life, developed economy, and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.
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Developing country
A developing country is a sovereign state with a less developed industrial base and a lower Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.
See Ukraine and Developing country
Diaspora
A diaspora is a population that is scattered across regions which are separate from its geographic place of origin.
Dionysius IV of Constantinople
Dionysius IV Mouselimes (Διονύσιος Μουσελίμης; died 23 September 1696) was Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople for five times, in 1671–73, 1676–79, 1682–84, 1686–87, and 1693–94.
See Ukraine and Dionysius IV of Constantinople
Directorate of Ukraine
The Directorate, or Directory was a provisional collegiate revolutionary state committee of the Ukrainian People's Republic, initially formed on 13–14 November 1918 during a session of the Ukrainian National Union in rebellion against the Ukrainian State.
See Ukraine and Directorate of Ukraine
Dissolution of the Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was formally dissolved as a sovereign state and subject of international law on 26 December 1991 by Declaration № 142-Н of the Soviet of the Republics of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union.
See Ukraine and Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Dnieper
The Dnieper, also called Dnepr or Dnipro, is one of the major transboundary rivers of Europe, rising in the Valdai Hills near Smolensk, Russia, before flowing through Belarus and Ukraine to the Black Sea.
Dniester
The Dniester is a transboundary river in Eastern Europe.
Dnipro
Dnipro is Ukraine's fourth-largest city, with about one million inhabitants.
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Dnipropetrovsk Oblast (translit), is an oblast (province) in simultaneously southern, eastern and central Ukraine, the most important industrial region of the country.
See Ukraine and Dnipropetrovsk Oblast
Domestication of the horse
How and when horses became domesticated has been disputed.
See Ukraine and Domestication of the horse
Donbas
The Donbas (Донба́с) or Donbass (Донба́сс) is a historical, cultural, and economic region in eastern Ukraine.
Donets
The Seversky Donets or Siverskyi Donets, usually simply called the Donets, is a river on the south of the East European Plain.
Donetsk
Donetsk (Донецьк; Донецк), formerly known as Aleksandrovka, Yuzivka (or Hughesovka), Stalin, and Stalino, is an industrial city in eastern Ukraine located on the Kalmius River in Donetsk Oblast, which is currently occupied by Russia as the capital of the Donetsk People's Republic.
Donetsk Oblast
Donetsk Oblast, also referred to as Donechchyna (Донеччина), is an oblast in eastern Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Donetsk Oblast
Donetsk People's Republic
The Donetsk People's Republic (DPR; Donetskaya Narodnaya Respublika (DNR),; ДНР) is a republic of Russia, comprising the occupied parts of eastern Ukraine's Donetsk Oblast, with its capital in Donetsk. Ukraine and Donetsk People's Republic are republics.
See Ukraine and Donetsk People's Republic
Droughts and famines in Russia and the Soviet Union
Throughout Russian history famines, droughts and crop failures occurred on the territory of Russia, the Russian Empire and the USSR on more or less regular basis.
See Ukraine and Droughts and famines in Russia and the Soviet Union
Duma (epic)
A Duma (дума, plural dumy) is a sung epic poem which originated in Ukraine during the Hetmanate Era in the Sixteenth century (possibly based on earlier Kyivan epic forms).
Dzerkalo Tyzhnia
Dzerkalo Tyzhnia (Дзеркало тижня), usually referred to in English as the Mirror of the week, is a Ukrainian online newspaper; it was one of Ukraine's most influential analytical weekly-publisher newspapers, founded in 1994.
See Ukraine and Dzerkalo Tyzhnia
Early Slavs
The early Slavs were speakers of Indo-European dialects who lived during the Migration Period and the Early Middle Ages (approximately from the 5th to the 10th centuries AD) in Central, Eastern and Southeast Europe and established the foundations for the Slavic nations through the Slavic states of the Early and High Middle Ages.
East European forest steppe
The East European forest steppe ecoregion (WWF ID: PA0419) is a patchwork of broadleaf forest stands and grasslands (steppe) that stretches 2,100 km across Eastern Europe from the Ural Mountains in Ural, through Povolzhye, Central Russia to the middle of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and East European forest steppe
East European Plain
The East European Plain (also called the Russian Plain, "Extending from eastern Poland through the entire European Russia to the Ural Mountaina, the East European Plain encompasses all of the Baltic states and Belarus, nearly all of Ukraine, and much of the European portion of Russia and reaches north into Finland." — Britannica.
See Ukraine and East European Plain
East Slavs
The East Slavs are the most populous subgroup of the Slavs.
Easter egg
Easter eggs, also called Paschal eggs, are eggs that are decorated for the Christian holiday of Easter, which celebrates the resurrection of Jesus.
Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is a subregion of the European continent.
See Ukraine and Eastern Europe
Eastern European Summer Time
Eastern European Summer Time (EEST) is one of the names of the UTC+03:00 time zone, which is 3 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time.
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Eastern European Time
Eastern European Time (EET) is one of the names of UTC+02:00 time zone, 2 hours ahead of Coordinated Universal Time.
See Ukraine and Eastern European Time
Eastern Front (World War II)
The Eastern Front, also known as the Great Patriotic War in the Soviet Union and its successor states, and the German–Soviet War in contemporary German and Ukrainian historiographies, was a theatre of World War II fought between the European Axis powers and Allies, including the Soviet Union (USSR) and Poland.
See Ukraine and Eastern Front (World War II)
Eastern Galicia
Eastern Galicia (Skhidna Halychyna; Galicja Wschodnia; Ostgalizien) is a geographical region in Western Ukraine (present day oblasts of Lviv, Ivano-Frankivsk and Ternopil), having also essential historic importance in Poland.
See Ukraine and Eastern Galicia
Eastern Iranian languages
The Eastern Iranian languages are a subgroup of the Iranian languages, having emerged during the Middle Iranian era (4th century BC to 9th century AD).
See Ukraine and Eastern Iranian languages
Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, officially the Orthodox Catholic Church, and also called the Greek Orthodox Church or simply the Orthodox Church, is the second-largest Christian church, with approximately 230 million baptised members.
See Ukraine and Eastern Orthodox Church
Eastern Orthodoxy by country
Based on the numbers of adherents, the Eastern Orthodox Church (also known as Eastern Orthodoxy) is the second largest Christian communion in the world, after the Roman Catholic Church, with the most common estimates of baptised members being approximately 220 million.
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Eastern Partnership
The Eastern Partnership (EaP) is a joint initiative of the European Union, together with its member states, and six Eastern European countries.
See Ukraine and Eastern Partnership
Eastern Ukraine
Eastern Ukraine or east Ukraine (Skhidna Ukrayina; Vostochnaya Ukraina) is primarily the territory of Ukraine east of the Dnipro (or Dnieper) river, particularly Kharkiv, Luhansk and Donetsk oblasts (provinces).
See Ukraine and Eastern Ukraine
EBSCO Industries
EBSCO Industries is an American company founded in 1944 by Elton Bryson Stephens Sr. and headquartered in Birmingham, Alabama.
See Ukraine and EBSCO Industries
Ecocide
Ecocide (from Greek oikos "home" and Latin cadere "to kill") is the destruction of the environment by humans.
Economy of Ukraine
The economy of Ukraine is an emerging, upper-middle income, mixed economy located in Eastern Europe.
See Ukraine and Economy of Ukraine
Ecoregion
An ecoregion (ecological region) is an ecologically and geographically defined area that is smaller than a bioregion, which in turn is smaller than a biogeographic realm.
Ecosystem
An ecosystem (or ecological system) is a system that environments and their organisms form through their interaction.
Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
The ecumenical patriarch of Constantinople (translit) is the archbishop of Constantinople and primus inter pares (first among equals) among the heads of the several autocephalous churches that compose the Eastern Orthodox Church.
See Ukraine and Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople
Education in Ukraine
Starting in September 2018, 12-year secondary education will replace 11-year which was mandatory before that.
See Ukraine and Education in Ukraine
Effects of climate change
Effects of climate change are well documented and growing for Earth's natural environment and human societies.
See Ukraine and Effects of climate change
Effects of climate change on agriculture
There are numerous effects of climate change on agriculture, many of which are making it harder for agricultural activities to provide global food security.
See Ukraine and Effects of climate change on agriculture
Egg decorating in Slavic culture
The tradition of egg decoration in Slavic cultures originated in pagan times,Kazimierz Moszyński – Kultura ludowa Słowian, Kraków 1929Anna Zadrożyńska – Powtarzać czas początku, Warsaw 1985, and was transformed by the process of religious syncretism into the Christian Easter egg.
See Ukraine and Egg decorating in Slavic culture
Einsatzgruppen
Einsatzgruppen (also 'task forces') were Schutzstaffel (SS) paramilitary death squads of Nazi Germany that were responsible for mass murder, primarily by shooting, during World War II (1939–1945) in German-occupied Europe.
See Ukraine and Einsatzgruppen
Elections in Ukraine
Elections in Ukraine are held to choose the president (head of state), Verkhovna Rada (legislature), and local governments.
See Ukraine and Elections in Ukraine
Electoral fraud
Electoral fraud, sometimes referred to as election manipulation, voter fraud, or vote rigging, involves illegal interference with the process of an election, either by increasing the vote share of a favored candidate, depressing the vote share of rival candidates, or both.
See Ukraine and Electoral fraud
Electricity generation
Electricity generation is the process of generating electric power from sources of primary energy.
See Ukraine and Electricity generation
Emergency medicine reform in Ukraine since 2016
Emergency medicine reform in Ukraine has been part of Ukraine's healthcare reform program since its launch in 2016.
See Ukraine and Emergency medicine reform in Ukraine since 2016
Ems Ukaz
The Ems Ukaz or Ems Ukase (Emsskiy ukaz; Ems'kyy ukaz), was an internal decree (ukaz) of Emperor Alexander II of Russia issued on banning the use of the Ukrainian language in print except for reprinting old documents.
Encarta
Microsoft Encarta is a discontinued digital multimedia encyclopedia published by Microsoft from 1993 to 2009.
Encyclopædia Britannica
The British Encyclopaedia is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.
See Ukraine and Encyclopædia Britannica
Encyclopedia of Ukraine
The Encyclopedia of Ukraine (translit), published from 1984 to 2001, is a fundamental work of Ukrainian Studies.
See Ukraine and Encyclopedia of Ukraine
Eneida
Eneida (Енеїда, Ukrainian for Aeneid) is a Ukrainian burlesque poem, written by Ivan Kotliarevsky in 1798.
Energy in Belarus
Energy in Belarus describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Belarus.
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Energy in Moldova
Energy in Moldova describes energy and electricity production, consumption and import in Moldova.
See Ukraine and Energy in Moldova
Energy policy
Energy policies are the government's strategies and decisions regarding the production, distribution, and consumption of energy within a specific jurisdiction.
English-speaking world
The English-speaking world comprises the 88 countries and territories in which English is an official, administrative, or cultural language.
See Ukraine and English-speaking world
Epic poetry
An epic poem, or simply an epic, is a lengthy narrative poem typically about the extraordinary deeds of extraordinary characters who, in dealings with gods or other superhuman forces, gave shape to the mortal universe for their descendants.
Era of Stagnation
The "Era of Stagnation" (Períod zastóya, or Эпо́ха засто́я) is a term coined by Mikhail Gorbachev in order to describe the negative way in which he viewed the economic, political, and social policies of the Soviet Union that began during the rule of Leonid Brezhnev (1964–1982) and continued under Yuri Andropov (1982–1984) and Konstantin Chernenko (1984–1985).
See Ukraine and Era of Stagnation
Eritrea
Eritrea (or; Ertra), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa region of Eastern Africa, with its capital and largest city at Asmara. Ukraine and Eritrea are member states of the United Nations.
Ethnicity
An ethnicity or ethnic group is a group of people who identify with each other on the basis of perceived shared attributes that distinguish them from other groups.
Eurasian Geography and Economics
Eurasian Geography and Economics is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering economic and political geography as well as macroeconomics of the Eurasian continent.
See Ukraine and Eurasian Geography and Economics
Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
The Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council (EAPC) is a post–Cold War, North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) institution.
See Ukraine and Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council
EuroBasket 2013
EuroBasket 2013 was the 38th edition of the EuroBasket championship that was organized by FIBA Europe.
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EuroBasket 2015
EuroBasket 2015 was the 39th edition of the EuroBasket championship that was organized by FIBA Europe.
See Ukraine and EuroBasket 2015
EuroLeague
The EuroLeague, officially the Turkish Airlines EuroLeague, is a European men's professional basketball club competition.
Euromaidan
Euromaidan (translit), or the Maidan Uprising, was a wave of demonstrations and civil unrest in Ukraine, which began on 21 November 2013 with large protests in Maidan Nezalezhnosti (Independence Square) in Kyiv.
Euronews
Euronews (stylised in lowercase) is a European television news network, headquartered in Lyon, France.
European Economic Area
The European Economic Area (EEA) was established via the Agreement on the European Economic Area, an international agreement which enables the extension of the European Union's single market to member states of the European Free Trade Association (EFTA).
See Ukraine and European Economic Area
European integration
European integration is the process of industrial, economic, political, legal, social, and cultural integration of states wholly or partially in Europe, or nearby.
See Ukraine and European integration
European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity
ENTSO-E, the European Network of Transmission System Operators, represents 40 electricity transmission system operators (TSOs) from 36 countries across Europe, thus extending beyond EU borders.
See Ukraine and European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity
European Russia
European Russia is the western and most populated part of the Russian Federation.
See Ukraine and European Russia
European single market
The European single market, also known as the European internal market or the European common market, is the single market comprising mainly the member states of the European Union (EU).
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European Union
The European Union (EU) is a supranational political and economic union of member states that are located primarily in Europe.
See Ukraine and European Union
European Union Association Agreement
A European Union Association Agreement or simply Association Agreement (AA) is a treaty between the European Union (EU), its Member States and a non-EU country that creates a framework for co-operation between them.
See Ukraine and European Union Association Agreement
European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement
The European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement is a European Union Association Agreement between the European Union (EU), the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom), Ukraine and the EU's 28 member states at the time (which are separate parties in addition to the EU and Euratom).
See Ukraine and European Union–Ukraine Association Agreement
Executed Renaissance
The Executed Renaissance (or "Red Renaissance", translit) was a generation of Ukrainian language poets, writers, and artists of the 1920s and early 1930s who lived in the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic and wеre killed by the Soviet regime.
See Ukraine and Executed Renaissance
Executive (government)
The executive, also referred to as the juditian or executive power, is that part of government which executes the law; in other words, directly makes decisions and holds power.
See Ukraine and Executive (government)
Famine
A famine is a widespread scarcity of food caused by several possible factors, including, but not limited to war, natural disasters, crop failure, widespread poverty, an economic catastrophe or government policies.
FIDE titles
FIDE titles are awarded by the international chess governing body FIDE (Fédération Internationale des Échecs) for outstanding performance.
First Czechoslovak Republic
The First Czechoslovak Republic (První československá republika; Prvá československá republika), often colloquially referred to as the First Republic (První republika; Prvá republika), was the first Czechoslovak state that existed from 1918 to 1938, a union of ethnic Czechs and Slovaks.
See Ukraine and First Czechoslovak Republic
First five-year plan
The first five-year plan (I пятилетний план, первая пятилетка) of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a list of economic goals, implemented by Communist Party General Secretary Joseph Stalin, based on his policy of socialism in one country.
See Ukraine and First five-year plan
Flag carrier
A flag carrier is a transport company, such as an airline or shipping company, that, being locally registered in a given sovereign state, enjoys preferential rights or privileges accorded by the government for international operations.
Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)
During the later stages of World War II and the post-war period, Germans and fled and were expelled from various Eastern and Central European countries, including Czechoslovakia, and from the former German provinces of Lower and Upper Silesia, East Prussia, and the eastern parts of Brandenburg (Neumark) and Pomerania (Hinterpommern), which were annexed by Poland and the Soviet Union.
See Ukraine and Flight and expulsion of Germans (1944–1950)
Focus (Ukrainian magazine)
Focus (translit) is a Ukrainian national weekly news magazine, published in Kyiv.
See Ukraine and Focus (Ukrainian magazine)
Folk costume
A folk costume (also regional costume, national costume, traditional clothing, traditional garment or traditional regalia) expresses a national identity through clothing or costume, which is associated with a specific region and period of time in history.
Folk music
Folk music is a music genre that includes traditional folk music and the contemporary genre that evolved from the former during the 20th-century folk revival.
Food and Agriculture Organization
The Food and Agriculture Organization of the United NationsOrganisation des Nations unies pour l'alimentation et l'agriculture; Organizzazione delle Nazioni Unite per l'alimentazione e l'agricoltura.
See Ukraine and Food and Agriculture Organization
Foreign Policy
Foreign Policy is an American news publication founded in 1970 focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy.
See Ukraine and Foreign Policy
Fossil fuel subsidies
Fossil fuel subsidies are energy subsidies on fossil fuels.
See Ukraine and Fossil fuel subsidies
Freedom House
Freedom House is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. It is best known for political advocacy surrounding issues of democracy, political freedom, and human rights.
Freedom of speech
Freedom of speech is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or a community to articulate their opinions and ideas without fear of retaliation, censorship, or legal sanction.
See Ukraine and Freedom of speech
Freedom of the press in Ukraine
Ukraine was in 96th place, Ukrinform (21 April 2020) out of 180 countries listed in the 2020 World Press Freedom Index, having returned to top 100 of this list for the first time since 2009, but dropped down one spot to 97th place in 2021, being characterized as being in a "difficult situation".
See Ukraine and Freedom of the press in Ukraine
Front (military)
In a military context, the term front can have several meanings.
See Ukraine and Front (military)
Frozen conflict
In international relations, a frozen conflict is a situation in which active armed conflict has been brought to an end, but no peace treaty or other political framework resolves the conflict to the satisfaction of the combatants.
See Ukraine and Frozen conflict
Galicia (Eastern Europe)
Galicia (. Collins English Dictionary Galicja,; translit,; Galitsye) is a historical and geographic region spanning what is now southeastern Poland and western Ukraine, long part of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
See Ukraine and Galicia (Eastern Europe)
Galicia–Volhynia Wars
The Galicia–Volhynia Wars were several wars fought in the years 1340–1392 over the succession in the Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, also known as Ruthenia.
See Ukraine and Galicia–Volhynia Wars
General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
The General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union was the leader of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU).
See Ukraine and General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Genocide
Genocide is the intentional destruction of a people, either in whole or in part.
Geography of Ukraine
Ukraine is the second-largest European country, after Russia.
See Ukraine and Geography of Ukraine
German atrocities committed against Soviet prisoners of war
During World War II, Soviet prisoners of war (POWs) held by Nazi Germany and primarily in the custody of the German Army were starved and subjected to deadly conditions.
See Ukraine and German atrocities committed against Soviet prisoners of war
Glasnost
Glasnost (гласность) is a concept relating to openness and transparency.
Global Innovation Index
The Global Innovation Index is an annual ranking of countries by their capacity for, and success in, innovation, published by the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO).
See Ukraine and Global Innovation Index
Gołąbki
Gołąbki is the Polish name of a dish popular in cuisines of Central Europe, made from boiled cabbage leaves wrapped around a filling of minced pork or beef, chopped onions, and rice and/or kasza.
Google Books
Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search, Google Print, and by its code-name Project Ocean) is a service from Google that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.
Goths
The Goths (translit; Gothi, Gótthoi) were Germanic people who played a major role in the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the emergence of medieval Europe.
Government debt
A country's gross government debt (also called public debt or sovereign debt) is the financial liabilities of the government sector.
See Ukraine and Government debt
Government of Ukraine
The Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine (translit; shortened to CabMin), commonly referred to as the Government of Ukraine (Уряд України, Uriad Ukrainy), is the highest body of state executive power in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Government of Ukraine
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a sovereign state in northeastern Europe that existed from the 13th century, succeeding the Kingdom of Lithuania, to the late 18th century, when the territory was suppressed during the 1795 partitions of Poland–Lithuania.
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Grandmaster (chess)
Grandmaster (GM) is a title awarded to chess players by the world chess organization FIDE.
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Gravettian
The Gravettian was an archaeological industry of the European Upper Paleolithic that succeeded the Aurignacian circa 33,000 years BP.
Great Break (USSR)
The Great Turn or Great Break (Великий перелом) was the radical change in the economic policy of the USSR from 1928 to 1929, primarily consisting of the process by which the New Economic Policy (NEP) of 1921 was abandoned in favor of the acceleration of collectivization and industrialization and also a cultural revolution.
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Great Northern War
The Great Northern War (1700–1721) was a conflict in which a coalition led by the Tsardom of Russia successfully contested the supremacy of the Swedish Empire in Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.
See Ukraine and Great Northern War
Great Purge
The Great Purge, or the Great Terror (translit), also known as the Year of '37 (label) and the Yezhovshchina (label), was Soviet General Secretary Joseph Stalin's campaign to consolidate power over the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and Soviet state.
Greeks
The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group and nation native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Anatolia, parts of Italy and Egypt, and to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Eastern Mediterranean and Black Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with many Greek communities established around the world..
Green armies
The Green armies (Зеленоармейцы), also known as the Green Army (Зелёная Армия) or Greens (Зелёные), were armed peasant groups which fought against all governments in the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1922.
Green Ukraine
Green Ukraine, also known as Zelenyi Klyn or Zakytaishchyna, is a historical Ukrainian name for the land in the Russian Far East area between the Amur River and the Pacific Ocean, an area roughly corresponding to Outer Manchuria.
Gross domestic product
Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all the final goods and services produced and rendered in a specific time period by a country or countries.
See Ukraine and Gross domestic product
Gulag
The Gulag was a system of forced labor camps in the Soviet Union.
Hacı I Giray
Hacı I Giray (1397–1466) was the founder of the Crimean Khanate and the Giray dynasty of Crimea ruling from until his death in 1466.
Haifa
Haifa (Ḥēyfā,; Ḥayfā) is the third-largest city in Israel—after Jerusalem and Tel Aviv—with a population of in.
Harvard University Press
Harvard University Press (HUP) is a publishing house established on January 13, 1913, as a division of Harvard University, and focused on academic publishing.
See Ukraine and Harvard University Press
Head of state
A head of state (or chief of state) is the public persona of a sovereign state.
Heavyweight
Heavyweight is a weight class in combat sports and professional wrestling.
Helsinki
Helsinki is the capital and most populous city in Finland.
Hero City (Soviet Union)
Hero City (Łacinka: horad-hieroj) is a Soviet honorary title awarded for outstanding heroism during World War II (the Eastern Front is known in most countries of the former Soviet Union as the Great Patriotic War).
See Ukraine and Hero City (Soviet Union)
Hertsa region
The Hertsa region, also known as the Hertza region (Krai Hertsa; Ținutul Herța), is a region around the town of Hertsa within Chernivtsi Raion in the southern part of Chernivtsi Oblast in southwestern Ukraine, near the border with Romania.
Higher education in Ukraine
Higher education in Ukraine operates several levels, all of which are regulated by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Higher education in Ukraine
Hinduism
Hinduism is an Indian religion or dharma, a religious and universal order by which its followers abide.
History of Christianity in Ukraine
The history of Christianity in Ukraine dates back to the earliest centuries of the history of Christianity, to the Apostolic Age, with mission trips along the Black Sea and a legend of Andrew the Apostle even ascending the hills of Kiev.
See Ukraine and History of Christianity in Ukraine
History of the Jews in Ukraine
The history of the Jews in Ukraine dates back over a thousand years; Jewish communities have existed in the modern territory of Ukraine from the time of the Kievan Rus' (late 9th to mid-13th century).
See Ukraine and History of the Jews in Ukraine
History of the Soviet Union
The history of Soviet Russia and the Soviet Union (USSR) reflects a period of change for both Russia and the world.
See Ukraine and History of the Soviet Union
History of Ukraine
Prehistoric Ukraine, as a part of the Pontic steppe in Eastern Europe, played an important role in Eurasian cultural events, including the spread of the Chalcolithic and Bronze Ages, Indo-European migrations, and the domestication of the horse.
See Ukraine and History of Ukraine
Hitotsubashi University
, also known as a is a national university located in Tokyo, Japan.
See Ukraine and Hitotsubashi University
Hlukhiv
Hlukhiv (Глухів,; Glukhov) is a small historic city on the Esman River.
Holodomor
The Holodomor, also known as the Ukrainian Famine, was a man-made famine in Soviet Ukraine from 1932 to 1933 that killed millions of Ukrainians. The Holodomor was part of the wider Soviet famine of 1930–1933 which affected the major grain-producing areas of the Soviet Union. While scholars are in consensus that the cause of the famine was man-made, it remains in dispute whether the Holodomor was directed at Ukrainians and whether it constitutes a genocide.
Horilka
Horilka (горілка; гарэлка) is a Ukrainian alcoholic beverage.
Hospitality
Hospitality is the relationship of a host towards a guest, wherein the host receives the guest with some amount of goodwill and welcome.
House of Habsburg
The House of Habsburg (Haus Habsburg), also known as the House of Austria, was one of the most prominent and important dynasties in European history.
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Hoverla
Mount Hoverla (Ukrainian and Говерла), at, is the highest mountain in Ukraine and part of the Ukrainian Carpathians.
Human
Humans (Homo sapiens, meaning "thinking man") or modern humans are the most common and widespread species of primate, and the last surviving species of the genus Homo.
Human Rights Watch
Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization headquartered in New York City that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.
See Ukraine and Human Rights Watch
Humid subtropical climate
A humid subtropical climate is a temperate climate type characterized by hot and humid summers, and cool to mild winters.
See Ukraine and Humid subtropical climate
Hungarian language
Hungarian is a Uralic language of the proposed Ugric branch spoken in Hungary and parts of several neighbouring countries.
See Ukraine and Hungarian language
Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars (magyarok), are a Central European nation and an ethnic group native to Hungary and historical Hungarian lands (i.e. belonging to the former Kingdom of Hungary) who share a common culture, history, ancestry, and language.
Hungarians in Ukraine
The Hungarians in Ukraine (Kárpátaljai magyarok, угорці в Україні, tr. uhortsi v Ukraini) number 156,600 people according to the Ukrainian census of 2001 and are the third largest national minority in the country.
See Ukraine and Hungarians in Ukraine
Hungary
Hungary is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Ukraine and Hungary are countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Huns
The Huns were a nomadic people who lived in Central Asia, the Caucasus, and Eastern Europe between the 4th and 6th centuries AD.
See Ukraine and Huns
Hutsul Republic
The Hutsul Republic (Huculśka Respublika) was a short-lived state formed in the aftermath of World War I. Inhabited by Hutsuls, the republic was declared on 8 January 1919, when original plans to unite this area with the West Ukrainian People's Republic failed and the territory was occupied by Hungarian police.
See Ukraine and Hutsul Republic
Hyperinflation
In economics, hyperinflation is a very high and typically accelerating inflation.
See Ukraine and Hyperinflation
Igor Belanov
Igor Ivanovich Belanov (И́горь Ива́нович Бела́нов) or Ihor Ivanovych Bielanov (Ігор Іванович Бєланов; born 25 September 1960) is a Soviet and Ukrainian former professional footballer who played as a striker.
Indo-European languages
The Indo-European languages are a language family native to the overwhelming majority of Europe, the Iranian plateau, and the northern Indian subcontinent.
See Ukraine and Indo-European languages
Indo-European migrations
The Indo-European migrations are hypothesized migrations of Proto-Indo-European language (PIE) speakers, and subsequent migrations of people speaking derived Indo-European languages, which took place approx.
See Ukraine and Indo-European migrations
Industrial Revolution
The Industrial Revolution, sometimes divided into the First Industrial Revolution and Second Industrial Revolution, was a period of global transition of the human economy towards more widespread, efficient and stable manufacturing processes that succeeded the Agricultural Revolution.
See Ukraine and Industrial Revolution
Industrialization in the Russian Empire
Industrialization in the Russian Empire saw the development of an industrial economy, whereby labor productivity increased and the demand for industrial goods was partially provided from within the empire.
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Industrialization in the Soviet Union
Industrialization in the Soviet Union was a process of accelerated building-up of the industrial potential of the Soviet Union to reduce the economy's lag behind the developed capitalist states, which was carried out from May 1929 to June 1941.
See Ukraine and Industrialization in the Soviet Union
Institut national d'études démographiques
The French Institute for Demographic Studies (French: Institut national d'études démographiques, INED) is a French research institute specializing in demography and population studies in general.
See Ukraine and Institut national d'études démographiques
Institute of National Remembrance
The Institute of National Remembrance – Commission for the Prosecution of Crimes against the Polish Nation (Instytut Pamięci Narodowej – Komisja Ścigania Zbrodni przeciwko Narodowi Polskiemu, abbreviated IPN) is a Polish state research institute in charge of education and archives which also includes two public prosecution service components exercising investigative, prosecution and lustration powers.
See Ukraine and Institute of National Remembrance
Intelligentsia
The intelligentsia is a status class composed of the university-educated people of a society who engage in the complex mental labours by which they critique, shape, and lead in the politics, policies, and culture of their society; as such, the intelligentsia consists of scholars, academics, teachers, journalists, and literary writers.
See Ukraine and Intelligentsia
Interfax
Interfax (Интерфакс) is a Russian news agency.
Interfax-Ukraine
Interfax-Ukraine (Інтерфакс-Україна) is a Ukrainian news agency.
See Ukraine and Interfax-Ukraine
Internally displaced person
An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who is forced to leave their home but who remains within their country's borders.
See Ukraine and Internally displaced person
International Futures
International Futures (IFs) is a global integrated assessment model designed to help with thinking strategically and systematically about key global systems (economic, demographic, education, health, environment, technology, domestic governance, infrastructure, agriculture, energy and environment).
See Ukraine and International Futures
International Monetary Fund
The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is a major financial agency of the United Nations, and an international financial institution funded by 190 member countries, with headquarters in Washington, D.C. It is regarded as the global lender of last resort to national governments, and a leading supporter of exchange-rate stability.
See Ukraine and International Monetary Fund
Invasion of Poland
The Invasion of Poland, also known as the September Campaign, Polish Campaign, War of Poland of 1939, and Polish Defensive War of 1939 (1 September – 6 October 1939), was a joint attack on the Republic of Poland by Nazi Germany, the Slovak Republic, and the Soviet Union, which marked the beginning of World War II.
See Ukraine and Invasion of Poland
Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three historical Metal Ages, after the Chalcolithic and Bronze Age.
Irreligion
Irreligion is the absence or rejection of religious beliefs or practices.
Islam
Islam (al-Islām) is an Abrahamic monotheistic religion centered on the Quran and the teachings of Muhammad, the religion's founder.
Istanbul
Istanbul is the largest city in Turkey, straddling the Bosporus Strait, the boundary between Europe and Asia.
Italy national football team
The Italy national football team (Nazionale di calcio dell'Italia) has represented Italy in men's international football since its first match in 1910.
See Ukraine and Italy national football team
Ivan Dorn
Ivan Oleksandrovich Dorn (Іван Олександрович Дорн), nee Ivan Aleksandrovich Eryomin (Иван Александрович Ерёмин; born 17 October 1988) is a Ukrainian singer and actor.
Ivan Kotliarevsky
Ivan Petrovych Kotliarevsky (Іван Петрович Котляревський; –) was a Ukrainian writer, poet and playwright, social activist, regarded as the pioneer of modern Ukrainian literature.
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Ivan Mazepa
Ivan Stepanovych Mazepa (Іван Степанович Мазепа; Iwan Mazepa Kołodyński) was a Ukrainian military, political, and civic leader who served as the Hetman of the Zaporizhian Host and the Left-bank Ukraine in 1687–1708.
Ivan Sirko
Ivan Sirko (Іван Дмитрович Сірко, tr.,; Iwan Sierko,; translit,; c. 1610–1680) was a Ukrainian Cossack military leader, Koshovyi Otaman of the Zaporozhian Host and putative co-author of the famous semi-legendary Cossack letter to the Ottoman sultan that inspired the major painting Reply of the Zaporozhian Cossacks by the 19th-century artist Ilya Repin.
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast (translit), also referred to as Ivano-Frankivshchyna (Івано-Франківщина) or simply Frankivshchyna, is an oblast (region) in western Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast
Jamestown Foundation
The Jamestown Foundation is a Washington, D.C.-based conservative defense policy think tank.
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Jazz
Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues, ragtime, European harmony and African rhythmic rituals.
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Józef Piłsudski
Józef Klemens Piłsudski (5 December 1867 – 12 May 1935) was a Polish statesman who served as the Chief of State (1918–1922) and first Marshal of Poland (from 1920).
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Jews
The Jews (יְהוּדִים) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and nation originating from the Israelites of the ancient Near East, and whose traditional religion is Judaism.
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Josef Hlávka
Josef Hlávka (15 February 183111 March 1908) was a Czech architect, builder, philanthropist and founder of the oldest Czech foundation for sciences and arts.
Joseph Stalin
Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin (born Ioseb Besarionis dze Jughashvili; – 5 March 1953) was a Soviet politician and revolutionary who led the Soviet Union from 1924 until his death in 1953.
Judaism
Judaism (יַהֲדוּת|translit.
Judiciary
The judiciary (also known as the judicial system, judicature, judicial branch, judiciative branch, and court or judiciary system) is the system of courts that adjudicates legal disputes/disagreements and interprets, defends, and applies the law in legal cases.
Kakhovka Dam
The Kakhovka Dam was a dam on the Dnieper River (also known as Dnipro) in Kherson Oblast, Ukraine, completed in 1956 and destroyed in 2023, which provided water for the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Station (Кахо́вська ГЕС імені П.С. Непорожнього|Kakhovs'ka HES imeni P.S.
Kamianets-Podilskyi
Kamianets-Podilskyi (Кам'янець-Подільський) is a city on the Smotrych River in western Ukraine, to the north-east of Chernivtsi.
See Ukraine and Kamianets-Podilskyi
Kaolinite
Kaolinite (also called kaolin) is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition: Al2Si2O5(OH)4.
Kharkiv
Kharkiv (Харків), also known as Kharkov (Харькoв), is the second-largest city in Ukraine.
Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Oblast (Kharkivska oblast), also referred to as Kharkivshchyna (Харківщина), is an oblast (province) in eastern Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Kharkiv Oblast
Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute
The National Technical University "Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute" (Національний технічний університет «Харківський політехнічний інститут» or НТУ "ХПІ") is a public technical university in Kharkiv, Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute
Khazars
The Khazars were a nomadic Turkic people that, in the late 6th-century CE, established a major commercial empire covering the southeastern section of modern European Russia, southern Ukraine, Crimea, and Kazakhstan.
Kherson Oblast
Kherson Oblast (translit,; Херсонская область), also known as Khersonshchyna (label), is an oblast (province) in southern Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Kherson Oblast
Khmelnytsky Uprising
The Khmelnytsky Uprising, also known as the Cossack–Polish War, or the Khmelnytsky insurrection, was a Cossack rebellion that took place between 1648 and 1657 in the eastern territories of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, which led to the creation of a Cossack Hetmanate in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Khmelnytsky Uprising
Khmelnytskyi Oblast
Khmelnytskyi Oblast (translit), also known as Khmelnychchyna (Хмельниччина), is an oblast (province) in western Ukraine covering portions of the historical regions of western Podolia and southern Volhynia.
See Ukraine and Khmelnytskyi Oblast
Khrushchev Thaw
The Khrushchev Thaw (p or simply ottepel)William Taubman, Khrushchev: The Man and His Era, London: Free Press, 2004 is the period from the mid-1950s to the mid-1960s when repression and censorship in the Soviet Union were relaxed due to Nikita Khrushchev's policies of de-Stalinization and peaceful coexistence with other nations.
See Ukraine and Khrushchev Thaw
Khrushchevka
Khrushchevkas (p) are a type of low-cost, concrete-paneled or brick three- to five-storied apartment building and apartments in these buildings, which were designed and constructed in the Soviet Union since the early 1960s, during the time its namesake Nikita Khrushchev was the leader of the Soviet Union.
Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus', also known as Kyivan Rus,.
King of Ruthenia
King of Ruthenia, King of Rus', King of Galicia and Lodomeria, Lord and Heir of Ruthenian Lands (Latin: Rex Rusiae, Rex Ruthenorum, Rex Galiciae et Lodomeriae, Terrae Russiae Dominus et Heres) was a title of princes of Galicia and Volhynia, granted by the Pope.
See Ukraine and King of Ruthenia
Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
The Principality or, from 1253, Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia, also known as the Kingdom of Ruthenia, was a medieval state in Eastern Europe which existed from 1199 to 1349.
See Ukraine and Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia
Kingdom of Poland
The Kingdom of Poland (Królestwo Polskie; Latin: Regnum Poloniae) was a monarchy in Central Europe during the medieval period from 1025 until 1385.
See Ukraine and Kingdom of Poland
Kingdom of Romania
The Kingdom of Romania (Regatul României) was a constitutional monarchy that existed from 13 March (O.S.) / 25 March 1881 with the crowning of prince Karl of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen as King Carol I (thus beginning the Romanian royal family), until 1947 with the abdication of King Michael I and the Romanian parliament's proclamation of the Romanian People's Republic.
See Ukraine and Kingdom of Romania
Kipchaks
The Kipchaks or Qipchaqs, also known as Kipchak Turks or Polovtsians, were Turkic nomads and then a confederation that existed in the Middle Ages inhabiting parts of the Eurasian Steppe.
Kirill Karabits
Kirill Karabits (Kyrylo Ivanovych Karabyts; born 26 December 1976) is a Ukrainian conductor, active in both concert hall and opera house, whose discography mainly includes recordings of Ukrainian, Russian, and other Eastern European music.
See Ukraine and Kirill Karabits
Kirovohrad Oblast
Kirovohrad Oblast (translit), also known as Kirovohradshchyna (Кіровоградщина), is an oblast (region) in central Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Kirovohrad Oblast
Knyaz
Knyaz or knez, also knjaz, kniaz (кънѧѕь|kŭnędzĭ) is a historical Slavic title, used both as a royal and noble title in different times of history and different ancient Slavic lands.
Kobza
The kobza (кобза), also called bandura (бандура) is a Ukrainian folk music instrument of the lute family (Hornbostel-Sachs classification number 321.321-5+6), a relative of the Central European mandora.
Koliivshchyna
The Koliivshchyna (Коліївщина; koliszczyzna) was a major haidamaky rebellion that broke out in Right-bank Ukraine in June 1768, caused by the dissatisfaction of peasants with the treatment of Orthodox Christians by the Bar Confederation and serfdom, as well as by hostility of Cossacks and peasants to the local Polonized Ruthenian nobility and ethnic Poles.
Kolomyia
Kolomyia, formerly known as Kolomea (translit,; Kołomyja; Kolomea; Colomeea; קאָלאָמיי|translit.
Kompot
Kompot or compot, as prepared in Central and Eastern Europe and West Asia, refers to boiled fruits (typically fresh or dried) served either as a drink or a dessert depending on the region.
Koreans
Koreans are an East Asian ethnic group native to Korea.
Korenizatsiia
Korenizatsiia (korenizatsiya,; korenizatsiia) was an early policy of the Soviet Union for the integration of non-Russian nationalities into the governments of their specific Soviet republics.
Korolevo
Korolevo (Королево; Kráľovec nad Tisou; Királyháza; Craia) is a rural settlement on the Tisza River in Berehove Raion, Zakarpattia Oblast, Ukraine.
Korovai
The korovai (коровай, коровай before the 1956 reform), karavai (modern каравай, каравай, караваи), or kravai (кравай) is a traditional Bulgarian, Ukrainian, and Russian bread, most often served at weddings, where it has great symbolic meaning.
Koryo-saram
Koryo-saram (label; Корё сарам) or Koryoin (고려인) are ethnic Koreans of the former Soviet Union, who descend from Koreans that were living in the Russian Far East.
Krajina
Krajina is a Slavic toponym, meaning 'country' or 'march'.
KrAZ
KrAZ (Кременчуцький автомобільний завод, Kremenchutskyi Avtomobilnyi Zavod, Kremenchuk Automobile Plant, АвтоКрА́З or AvtoKrAZ) is a factory in Kremenchuk, Ukraine, that produces trucks and other special-purpose vehicles, particularly heavy-duty off-road models.
See Ukraine and KrAZ
Kresy
Eastern Borderlands (Kresy Wschodnie) or simply Borderlands (Kresy) was a term coined for the eastern part of the Second Polish Republic during the interwar period (1918–1939).
Krivichs
The Krivichs or Kryvichs (krivichi; kryvičý) were a tribal union of Early East Slavs between the 6th and the 12th centuries.
Kurgan hypothesis
The Kurgan hypothesis (also known as the Kurgan theory, Kurgan model, or steppe theory) is the most widely accepted proposal to identify the Proto-Indo-European homeland from which the Indo-European languages spread out throughout Europe and parts of Asia.
See Ukraine and Kurgan hypothesis
Kyiv
Kyiv (also Kiev) is the capital and most populous city of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Kyiv
Kyiv cake
Kyiv cake is a dessert cake produced in Kyiv, Ukraine since December 6, 1956 by the Karl Marx Confectionery Factory which is now a subsidiary of the Roshen corporation.
Kyiv International Institute of Sociology
Kyiv International Institute of Sociology, or KIIS (Київський міжнародний інститут соціології, КМІС), is a Ukrainian organization conducting sociological research in the fields of social and socioeconomic research, marketing research, political research, health studies, and research consulting and auditing.
See Ukraine and Kyiv International Institute of Sociology
Kyiv Oblast
Kyiv Oblast (translit), also called Kyivshchyna (Київщинa), is an oblast (province) in central and northern Ukraine.
Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
Kyiv Polytechnic Institute (official long title as National Technical University of Ukraine "Igor Sikorsky Kyiv Polytechnic Institute") is a public technological university in Kyiv, Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Kyiv Polytechnic Institute
Kyiv Post
The Kyiv Post is the oldest English-language newspaper in Ukraine, founded in October 1995 by Jed Sunden.
Lake Ilmen
Lake Ilmen (И́льмень) is a large lake in Novgorod Oblast, Russia.
Language policy in Ukraine
Language policy in Ukraine is based on its Constitution, international treaties and on domestic legislation.
See Ukraine and Language policy in Ukraine
Latin Church
The Latin Church (Ecclesia Latina) is the largest autonomous (sui iuris) particular church within the Catholic Church, whose members constitute the vast majority of the 1.3 billion Catholics.
Least developed countries
The least developed countries (LDCs) are developing countries listed by the United Nations that exhibit the lowest indicators of socioeconomic development.
See Ukraine and Least developed countries
Left–right political spectrum
The left–right political spectrum is a system of classifying political positions, ideologies and parties, with emphasis placed upon issues of social equality and social hierarchy.
See Ukraine and Left–right political spectrum
Legislature
A legislature is a deliberative assembly with the legal authority to make laws for a political entity such as a country, nation or city.
Leonid Brezhnev
Leonid Ilyich Brezhnev (19 December 1906– 10 November 1982) was a Soviet politician who served as General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1964 until his death in 1982, and Chairman of the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet (head of state) from 1960 to 1964 and again from 1977 to 1982.
See Ukraine and Leonid Brezhnev
Leonid Kuchma
Leonid Danylovych Kuchma (Леонід Данилович Кучма,; born 9 August 1938) is a Ukrainian politician who was the second president of Ukraine from 19 July 1994 to 23 January 2005.
Lesya Ukrainka
Lesya Ukrainka (translit,; born Larysa Petrivna Kosach, Лариса Петрівна Косач; –) was one of Ukrainian literature's foremost writers, best known for her poems and plays.
See Ukraine and Lesya Ukrainka
Lightweight
Lightweight is a weight class in combat sports and rowing.
Linguistic homeland
In historical linguistics, the homeland or Urheimat (from German ur- "original" and Heimat, home) of a proto-language is the region in which it was spoken before splitting into different daughter languages.
See Ukraine and Linguistic homeland
Linguistic rights
Linguistic rights are the human and civil rights concerning the individual and collective right to choose the language or languages for communication in a private or public atmosphere.
See Ukraine and Linguistic rights
Lisbon Protocol
The Lisbon Protocol to the 1991 Strategic Arms Reduction Treaty was a document signed by representatives of Russia, Belarus, Ukraine, and Kazakhstan that recognized the four states as successors of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics and all of them assume obligations of the Soviet Union under the START I treaty.
See Ukraine and Lisbon Protocol
List of cities in Ukraine
There are 461 populated places in Ukraine that have been officially granted city status (misto) by the Verkhovna Rada, the country's parliament, as of 1 January 2022.
See Ukraine and List of cities in Ukraine
List of countries and dependencies by area
This is a list of the world's countries and their dependencies by land, water, and total area, ranked by total area.
See Ukraine and List of countries and dependencies by area
List of countries and dependencies by population density
This is a list of countries and dependencies ranked by population density, sorted by inhabitants per square kilometre or square mile.
See Ukraine and List of countries and dependencies by population density
List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
The figures presented here do not take into account differences in the cost of living in different countries, and the results vary greatly from one year to another based on fluctuations in the exchange rates of the country's currency.
See Ukraine and List of countries by GDP (nominal) per capita
List of countries by life expectancy
This list of countries by life expectancy provides a comprehensive list of countries alongside their respective life expectancy figures.
See Ukraine and List of countries by life expectancy
List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty
This is a list of countries by percentage of population living in poverty, as recorded by the World Bank and Our World in Data.
See Ukraine and List of countries by percentage of population living in poverty
List of countries by rail usage
This is a list of countries by rail usage.
See Ukraine and List of countries by rail usage
List of countries by wheat exports
The following is a list of countries by wheat exports.
See Ukraine and List of countries by wheat exports
List of countries with highest military expenditures
This is a list of countries with the highest military expenditure in a given year.
See Ukraine and List of countries with highest military expenditures
List of European countries by area
Below is a list of European countries and dependencies by area in Europe.
See Ukraine and List of European countries by area
List of European countries by population
This list of European countries by population comprises the 51 countries and 5 territories and dependencies in Europe, broadly defined, including Cyprus, Kazakhstan, Turkey, and the countries of the Caucasus.
See Ukraine and List of European countries by population
List of mass graves from Soviet mass executions
In July 2010, a mass grave was discovered next to the Peter and Paul Fortress in St. Petersburg, containing the corpses of 80 military officers executed during the Red Terror of 1918–1921.
See Ukraine and List of mass graves from Soviet mass executions
List of newspapers in Ukraine
Since November 2015 Ukrainian authorities, state agencies and local government authorities are forbidden to act as founders (or cofounders) of printed media outlets.
See Ukraine and List of newspapers in Ukraine
List of Polish monarchs
Poland was ruled at various times either by dukes and princes (10th to 14th centuries) or by kings (11th to 18th centuries).
See Ukraine and List of Polish monarchs
List of religious sites
This article provides an incomplete list and broad overview of significant religious sites and places of spiritual importance throughout the world.
See Ukraine and List of religious sites
List of Russian monarchs
This is a list of all reigning monarchs in the history of Russia.
See Ukraine and List of Russian monarchs
List of sovereign states in Europe by GDP (nominal) per capita
This is a list and map of European states by GDP per capita.
See Ukraine and List of sovereign states in Europe by GDP (nominal) per capita
List of waterfalls in Ukraine
Ukraine has diverse geographic features, including several waterfalls.
See Ukraine and List of waterfalls in Ukraine
List of World Heritage in Danger
The List of World Heritage in Danger is compiled by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) through the World Heritage Committee according to Article 11.4 of the World Heritage Convention,Full title: Convention concerning the protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage which was established in 1972 to designate and manage World Heritage Sites.
See Ukraine and List of World Heritage in Danger
Literacy
Literacy is the ability to read and write.
Literary language
Literary language is the form (register) of a language used when writing in a formal, academic, or particularly polite tone; when speaking or writing in such a tone, it can also be known as formal language.
See Ukraine and Literary language
Lithium
Lithium is a chemical element; it has symbol Li and atomic number 3.
Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)
The "little green men" (зелёные человечки; зелені чоловічки) were Russian soldiers who were masked and wore unmarked uniforms upon the outbreak of the Russo-Ukrainian War in 2014.
See Ukraine and Little green men (Russo-Ukrainian War)
Little Russia
Little Russia (Malorossiya; Malorosiia), also known in English as Malorussia, Little Rus' (Malaya Rus; translit), Rus' Minor (from translit), and the French equivalent Petite Russie, is a geographical and historical term used to describe Ukraine.
Liturgy
Liturgy is the customary public ritual of worship performed by a religious group.
Local government
Local government is a generic term for the lowest tiers of governance or public administration within a particular sovereign state.
See Ukraine and Local government
Lublin
Lublin is the ninth-largest city in Poland and the second-largest city of historical Lesser Poland.
Luhansk Oblast
Luhansk Oblast (translit; Luganskaya oblast), also referred to as Luhanshchyna (label), is the easternmost oblast (province) of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Luhansk Oblast
Luhansk People's Republic
The Luhansk or Lugansk People's Republic (Luganskaya Narodnaya Respublika,; abbreviated as LPR or LNR, ЛНР) is a republic of Russia in the occupied parts of eastern Ukraine's Luhansk Oblast, with its capital in Luhansk.
See Ukraine and Luhansk People's Republic
Lviv
Lviv (Львів; see below for other names) is the largest city in western Ukraine, as well as the sixth-largest city in Ukraine, with a population of It serves as the administrative centre of Lviv Oblast and Lviv Raion, and is one of the main cultural centres of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Lviv
Lviv Oblast
Lviv Oblast (translit), also referred to as Lvivshchyna (Львівщина), is an oblast in western Ukraine.
Maize
Maize (Zea mays), also known as corn in North American English, is a tall stout grass that produces cereal grain.
Makhnovshchina
The Makhnovshchina was a mass movement to establish anarchist communism in southern and eastern Ukraine during the Ukrainian War of Independence of 1917–1921.
See Ukraine and Makhnovshchina
Manufacturing
Manufacturing is the creation or production of goods with the help of equipment, labor, machines, tools, and chemical or biological processing or formulation.
Mariana Sadovska
Mariana Sadovska (born 1972, Lviv, Ukraine) is a Ukrainian actress, singer, musician, recording artist, and composer, resident in Cologne.
See Ukraine and Mariana Sadovska
Market socialism
Market socialism is a type of economic system involving social ownership of the means of production within the framework of a market economy.
See Ukraine and Market socialism
Martial law in Ukraine
The legal basis for the introduction of martial law in Ukraine (Voyennyy stan v Ukraini) is the Constitution of Ukraine, the Law of Ukraine "On the legal status of martial law" (No. 389-VIII from May 12, 2015) and presidential decrees about the introduction of martial law.
See Ukraine and Martial law in Ukraine
Mass media in Ukraine
The mass media in Ukraine refers to mass media outlets based in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Mass media in Ukraine
Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
The massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia (lit; translit) were carried out in German-occupied Poland by the Ukrainian Insurgent Army (UPA) with the support of parts of the local Ukrainian population against the Polish minority in Volhynia, Eastern Galicia, parts of Polesia and the Lublin region from 1943 to 1945.
See Ukraine and Massacres of Poles in Volhynia and Eastern Galicia
Member state of the European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of 27 member states that are party to the EU's founding treaties, and thereby subject to the privileges and obligations of membership.
See Ukraine and Member state of the European Union
Methodology
In its most common sense, methodology is the study of research methods.
Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages or medieval period (also spelt mediaeval or mediæval) lasted from approximately 500 to 1500 AD.
Middle power
A middle power is a state that is not a superpower or a great power, but still exerts influence and plays a significant role in international relations.
Mikhail Gorbachev
Mikhail Sergeyevich Gorbachev (2 March 1931 – 30 August 2022) was a Soviet and Russian politician who served as the last leader of the Soviet Union from 1985 to the country's dissolution in 1991.
See Ukraine and Mikhail Gorbachev
Military history of the Russian Empire
The military history of the Russian Empire encompasses the history of armed conflict in which the Russian Empire participated.
See Ukraine and Military history of the Russian Empire
Military junta
A military junta is a government led by a committee of military leaders.
See Ukraine and Military junta
Ministry of Defence (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Defence of Ukraine (Ministerstvo oborony Ukrainy) is the ministry of the Ukrainian government that oversees national defence and the Armed Forces of Ukraine.
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Moldova)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is one of the fourteen ministries of the Government of Moldova.
See Ukraine and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Moldova)
Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine (translit) is the ministry of the Ukrainian government that oversees the foreign relations of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Ukraine)
Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Georgia (tr) is a governmental body of Georgia responsible for protecting and promoting Georgia's interest and its persons and entities abroad.
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Ministry of Health (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Health of Ukraine (Ministerstvo okhorony zdrovia Ukrainy, МОЗ) is the main healthcare body in the system of central government of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Ministry of Health (Ukraine)
Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of Ukraine (Ministerstvo vnutrishnikh sprav Ukrainy, MVS) is the ministry of the Ukrainian government that oversees the interior affairs of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Ministry of Internal Affairs (Ukraine)
Minority language
A minority language is a language spoken by a minority of the population of a territory.
See Ukraine and Minority language
Modern history of Ukraine
Ukraine emerged as the concept of a nation, and Ukrainians as a nationality, with the Ukrainian National Revival which began in the late 18th and early 19th century.
See Ukraine and Modern history of Ukraine
Modern rock
Modern rock is an umbrella term used to describe rock music that is found on college and commercial rock radio stations.
Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
The Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (Republica Autonomă Sovietică Socialistă Moldovenească,; Молдавська Автономна Радянська Соціалістична Республіка), shortened to Moldavian ASSR, was an autonomous republic of the Ukrainian SSR between 12 October 1924 and 2 August 1940, encompassing the modern territory of Transnistria (today de jure in Moldova, but de facto functioning as an independent state; see Transnistria conflict) as well as much of the present-day Podilsk Raion of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic
Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic or Moldavian SSR (Republica Sovietică Socialistă Moldovenească, Република Советикэ Сочиалистэ Молдовеняскэ), also known as the Moldovan Soviet Socialist Republic, Moldovan SSR, Soviet Moldavia, Soviet Moldova, or simply Moldavia or Moldova, was one of the 15 republics of the Soviet Union which existed from 1940 to 1991.
See Ukraine and Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic
Moldova
Moldova, officially the Republic of Moldova (Republica Moldova), is a landlocked country in Eastern Europe, on the northeastern corner of the Balkans. Ukraine and Moldova are countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations, post-Soviet states and republics.
Moldovans
Moldovans, sometimes referred to as Moldavians (moldoveni), are a Romanian-speaking ethnic group and the largest ethnic group of the Republic of Moldova (75.1% of the population as of 2014) and a significant minority in Romania, Italy, Ukraine and Russia.
Moldovans in Ukraine
Moldovans in Ukraine (Moldovenii din Ucraina) are the third biggest minority recorded in the 2001 All Ukrainian Census after Russians and Belarusians.
See Ukraine and Moldovans in Ukraine
Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
The Mongol Empire invaded and conquered much of Kievan Rus' in the mid-13th century, sacking numerous cities including the largest such as Kiev (50,000 inhabitants) and Chernigov (30,000 inhabitants).
See Ukraine and Mongol invasion of Kievan Rus'
Mortality rate
Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.
See Ukraine and Mortality rate
Moscow
Moscow is the capital and largest city of Russia.
Mstislav I of Kiev
Mstislav I Vladimirovich Monomakh (Mĭstislavŭ Volodiměrovičŭ Monomakhŭ; Christian name: Fedor; February 1076 – 14 April 1132), also known as Mstislav the Great, was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1125 until his death in 1132.
See Ukraine and Mstislav I of Kiev
Multi-National Force – Iraq
The Multi-National Force – Iraq (MNF–I), often referred to as the Coalition forces, was a military command during the 2003 invasion of Iraq and much of the ensuing Iraq War, led by the United States of America (Operation Iraqi Freedom), United Kingdom (Operation Telic), Australia, Italy (Operation Ancient Babylon), Spain and Poland, responsible for conducting and handling military operations.
See Ukraine and Multi-National Force – Iraq
Municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
Mykhailo Drahomanov
Mykhailo Petrovych Drahomanov (Михайло Петрович Драгоманов; 18 September 1841 – 2 July 1895) was a Ukrainian intellectual and public figure.
See Ukraine and Mykhailo Drahomanov
Mykhailo Hrushevsky
Mykhailo Serhiiovych Hrushevsky (translit; – 24 November 1934) was a Ukrainian academician, politician, historian and statesman who was one of the most important figures of the Ukrainian national revival of the early 20th century.
See Ukraine and Mykhailo Hrushevsky
Mykola Skrypnyk
Mykola Oleksiiovych Skrypnyk (Микола Олексійович Скрипник; – 7 July 1933), was a Ukrainian Bolshevik revolutionary and Communist leader who was a proponent of the Ukrainian Republic's independence, and later led the cultural Ukrainization effort in Soviet Ukraine.
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Mykolaiv Oblast
Mykolaiv Oblast (translit), also referred to as Mykolaivshchyna (Миколаївщина), is an oblast (province) of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Mykolaiv Oblast
Name of Ukraine
The earliest known usage of the name Ukraine (translit, Вкраїна,; translit) appears in the Hypatian Codex of 1425 under the year 1187 in reference to a part of the territory of Kievan Rus'.
See Ukraine and Name of Ukraine
National Academic Recognition Information Centre
All EU and EEA states and all the associated countries in Central and Eastern Europe and Cyprus have a designated National Academic Recognition Information Centre (NARIC), which provides a way to compare academic qualifications as part of the Bologna Process.
See Ukraine and National Academic Recognition Information Centre
National anthem of Ukraine
The national anthem of Ukraine (Державний Гімн України), known by its official edition's first line; its original title; and its official designation of the, is one of the state symbols of Ukraine.
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National Geographic
National Geographic (formerly The National Geographic Magazine, sometimes branded as NAT GEO) is an American monthly magazine published by National Geographic Partners.
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National Police of Ukraine
The National Police of Ukraine (translit,;, NPU), often simply referred to as the (label), is the national, and only, police service of Ukraine.
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National University of Kharkiv
Kharkiv University or Karazin University (Каразінський університет), officially V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (Харківський національний університет імені В.), is a public university in Kharkiv, Ukraine.
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National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy
National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy (NaUKMA) (Національний університет «Києво-Могилянська академія» (НаУКМА)), colloquially known as Mohylianka (Могилянка), is a highly ranked national research university located in a historic section of Kyiv, Ukraine. Ukraine and national University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy are 1991 establishments in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and National University of Kyiv-Mohyla Academy
NATO
The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du traité de l'Atlantique nord, OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance of 32 member states—30 European and 2 North American.
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Natural gas in Russia
In 2021 Russia was the world's second-largest producer of natural gas, producing an estimated 701 billion cubic meters (bcm) of gas a year, and the world's largest natural gas exporter, shipping an estimated 250 bcm a year.
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Natural gas in Ukraine
Ukraine extracts about 20 billion cubic meters of fossil gas each year, and since 2022 this has almost met demand.
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Nature (journal)
Nature is a British weekly scientific journal founded and based in London, England.
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Nature reserve
A nature reserve (also known as a wildlife refuge, wildlife sanctuary, biosphere reserve or bioreserve, natural or nature preserve, or nature conservation area) is a protected area of importance for flora, fauna, funga, or features of geological or other special interest, which is reserved and managed for purposes of conservation and to provide special opportunities for study or research.
See Ukraine and Nature reserve
Navigability
A body of water, such as a river, canal or lake, is navigable if it is deep, wide and calm enough for a water vessel (e.g. boats) to pass safely.
Nazi Germany
Nazi Germany, officially known as the German Reich and later the Greater German Reich, was the German state between 1933 and 1945, when Adolf Hitler and the Nazi Party controlled the country, transforming it into a totalitarian dictatorship.
Neolithic
The Neolithic or New Stone Age (from Greek νέος 'new' and λίθος 'stone') is an archaeological period, the final division of the Stone Age in Europe, Asia and Africa.
Netherlands
The Netherlands, informally Holland, is a country located in Northwestern Europe with overseas territories in the Caribbean. Ukraine and Netherlands are countries in Europe and member states of the United Nations.
Neutral country
A neutral country is a state that is neutral towards belligerents in a specific war or holds itself as permanently neutral in all future conflicts (including avoiding entering into military alliances such as NATO, CSTO or the SCO).
See Ukraine and Neutral country
New Economic Policy
The New Economic Policy (NEP) was an economic policy of the Soviet Union proposed by Vladimir Lenin in 1921 as a temporary expedient.
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Nikita Khrushchev
Nikita Sergeyevich Khrushchev (– 11 September 1971) was First Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union from 1953 to 1964, and Chairman of the Council of Ministers (premier) from 1958 to 1964.
See Ukraine and Nikita Khrushchev
Nizhyn Gogol State University
Nizhyn Gogol State University (Ніжинський державний університет ім.) is an academic institution in Ukraine, located in Nizhyn, Chernihiv Oblast.
See Ukraine and Nizhyn Gogol State University
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs (Narodnyy komissariat vnutrennikh del), abbreviated as NKVD, was the interior ministry of the Soviet Union from 1934 to 1946.
See Ukraine and NKVD
Novgorod Slavs
The Novgorod Slavs, Ilmen Slavs (Ильменские словене, Il'menskiye slovene), or Slovenes (not to be confused with the South Slavic Slovenes) were the northernmost tribe of the Early Slavs, and inhabited the shores of Lake Ilmen, and the river basins of the Volkhov, Lovat, Msta, and the upper stream of the Mologa in the 8th to 10th centuries.
See Ukraine and Novgorod Slavs
Novorossiya
Novorossiyaa; Novorosiia; Noua Rusie, Noworosja is a historical name, used during the era of the Russian Empire for an administrative area that would later become the southern mainland of Ukraine: the region immediately north of the Black Sea and Crimea.
Nuclear power in Ukraine
Ukraine operates four nuclear power plants with 15 reactors located in Volhynia and South Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Nuclear power in Ukraine
Nuclear power plant
A nuclear power plant (NPP) or atomic power station (APS) is a thermal power station in which the heat source is a nuclear reactor.
See Ukraine and Nuclear power plant
Nuclear reactor
A nuclear reactor is a device used to initiate and control a fission nuclear chain reaction or nuclear fusion reactions.
See Ukraine and Nuclear reactor
Oblast
An oblast (plural oblasts, oblasti, or rarely oblasty; Russian and oblast'; voblasc'; oblast; oblys; oblus) is a type of administrative division in Bulgaria and several post-Soviet states, including Belarus, Russia and Ukraine.
Oblasts of Ukraine
An oblast (oblast) in Ukraine, sometimes translated as region or province, is the main type of first-level administrative division of the country.
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Odesa
Odesa (also spelled Odessa) is the third most populous city and municipality in Ukraine and a major seaport and transport hub located in the south-west of the country, on the northwestern shore of the Black Sea.
Odesa Oblast
Odesa Oblast (translit), also referred to as Odeshchyna (Одещина), is an oblast (province) of southwestern Ukraine, located along the northern coast of the Black Sea.
Odesa University
Odesa I. I. Mechnykov National University (translit), often referred to as Odesa National University (Одеський національний університет, abbr.: ОНУ/ONU), located in Odesa, Ukraine, is one of the country's major universities, named after the scientist Élie Metchnikoff (who studied immunology, microbiology, and evolutionary embryology), a Nobel prizewinner in 1908.
See Ukraine and Odesa University
OECD
The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD; Organisation de coopération et de développement économiques, OCDE) is an intergovernmental organisation with 38 member countries, founded in 1961 to stimulate economic progress and world trade.
See Ukraine and OECD
Official language
An official language is a language having certain rights to be used in defined situations.
See Ukraine and Official language
Okean Elzy
Okean Elzy (Elza's Ocean) is a Ukrainian rock band.
Old Church Slavonic
Old Church Slavonic or Old Slavonic is the first Slavic literary language.
See Ukraine and Old Church Slavonic
Old Great Bulgaria
Old Great Bulgaria (Medieval Greek: Παλαιά Μεγάλη Βουλγαρία, Palaiá Megálē Voulgaría), also often known by the Latin names Magna Bulgaria and Patria Onoguria ("Onogur land"), was a 7th-century Turkic nomadic empire formed by the Onogur-Bulgars on the western Pontic–Caspian steppe (modern southern Ukraine and southwest Russia).
See Ukraine and Old Great Bulgaria
Oleg Blokhin
Oleg Vladimirovich Blokhin, or Oleh Volodymyrovych Blokhin (Оле́г Володи́мирович Блохі́н, Оле́г Влади́мирович Блохи́н; born 5 November 1952), is a Ukrainian and Soviet former football player and manager.
Oleg the Wise
Oleg (Ѡлегъ, Ольгъ; Helgi; died 912), also known as Oleg the Wise, was a Varangian prince of the Rus' who became prince of Kiev, and laid the foundations of the Kievan Rus' state.
Oleksandr Turchynov
Oleksandr Valentynovych Turchynov (Олександр Валентинович Турчинов,; born 31 March 1964) is a Ukrainian politician, screenwriter, Baptist minister and economist.
See Ukraine and Oleksandr Turchynov
Oleksandr Usyk
Oleksandr Oleksandrovych Usyk (Олександр Олександрович Усик,; born 17 January 1987) is a Ukrainian professional boxer.
See Ukraine and Oleksandr Usyk
OpenDemocracy
openDemocracy is an independent media platform and news website based in the United Kingdom.
Operation Atalanta
Operation Atalanta, formally European Union Naval Force (EU NAVFOR) Somalia, is an ongoing counter-piracy military operation at sea off the Horn of Africa and in the Western Indian Ocean, that is the first naval operation conducted by the European Union (EU), in support of United Nations resolutions 1814, 1816, 1838, and 1846 adopted in 2008 by the United Nations Security Council.
See Ukraine and Operation Atalanta
Operation Barbarossa
Operation Barbarossa (Unternehmen Barbarossa) was the invasion of the Soviet Union by Nazi Germany and many of its Axis allies, starting on Sunday, 22 June 1941, during World War II.
See Ukraine and Operation Barbarossa
Oral literature
Oral literature, orature, or folk literature is a genre of literature that is spoken or sung in contrast to that which is written, though much oral literature has been transcribed.
See Ukraine and Oral literature
Orange Revolution
The Orange Revolution (translit) was a series of protests, that lead to political upheaval in Ukraine from late November 2004 to January 2005.
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Orest Subtelny
Orest Subtelny (О́рест Миросла́вович Субте́льний, 17 May 1941 – 24 July 2016) was a Ukrainian-Canadian historian.
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Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists
The Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists (OUN; Orhanizatsiia ukrainskykh natsionalistiv) was a Ukrainian nationalist organization established in 1929 in Vienna, uniting the Ukrainian Military Organization with smaller, mainly youth, radical nationalist right-wing groups.
See Ukraine and Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
The Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) is a regional security-oriented intergovernmental organization comprising member states in Europe, North America, and Asia.
See Ukraine and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe
Orthodox Church of Ukraine
The Orthodox Church of Ukraine (Pravoslavna tserkva Ukrainy; OCU), also called Ukrainian Orthodox Church, is an Eastern Orthodox Church in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Orthodox Church of Ukraine
Ostarbeiter
Ostarbeiter ("Eastern worker") was a Nazi German designation for foreign slave workers gathered from occupied Central and Eastern Europe to perform forced labor in Germany during World War II.
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman Empire, historically and colloquially known as the Turkish Empire, was an imperial realm centered in Anatolia that controlled much of Southeast Europe, West Asia, and North Africa from the 14th to early 20th centuries; it also controlled parts of southeastern Central Europe, between the early 16th and early 18th centuries.
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Ottoman wars in Europe
A series of military conflicts between the Ottoman Empire and various European states took place from the Late Middle Ages up through the early 20th century.
See Ukraine and Ottoman wars in Europe
Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc
The Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc (Блок Наша Україна–Народна Самооборона, Russian: Блок Наша Украина – Народная Самооборона, Blok Nasha Ukraina – Narodnaya Samooborona, NUNS; until 2007 named Our Ukraine Bloc) was an electoral alliance active in Ukraine from 2001 until 2012, associated with former President Viktor Yushchenko.
See Ukraine and Our Ukraine–People's Self-Defense Bloc
Outline of Ukraine
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Ukraine: Ukraine – country in Eastern Europe.
See Ukraine and Outline of Ukraine
Oxford Analytica
Oxford Analytica is an international consulting firm providing strategic analysis of world events.
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Oxford University Press
Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.
See Ukraine and Oxford University Press
Pannonian Avars
The Pannonian Avars were an alliance of several groups of Eurasian nomads of various origins.
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Pannonian mixed forests
The Pannonian mixed forests is a temperate broadleaf and mixed forests ecoregion in Europe.
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Parade of sovereignties
The parade of sovereignties (translit) was a series of declarations of sovereignty of various degrees by the republics of the Soviet Union and autonomous units within the republics (autonomous republics, autonomous oblasts and autonomous okrugs) from 1988 to 1991.
See Ukraine and Parade of sovereignties
Paris Peace Treaties, 1947
The Paris Peace Treaties (Traités de Paris) were signed on 10 February 1947 following the end of World War II in 1945.
See Ukraine and Paris Peace Treaties, 1947
Partitions of Poland
The Partitions of Poland were three partitions of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that took place toward the end of the 18th century and ended the existence of the state, resulting in the elimination of sovereign Poland and Lithuania for 123 years.
See Ukraine and Partitions of Poland
Partnership for Peace
The Partnership for Peace (PfP; Partenariat pour la paix) is a North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) program aimed at creating trust and cooperation between the member states of NATO and other states mostly in Europe, including post-Soviet states; 18 states are members.
See Ukraine and Partnership for Peace
Party of Regions
The Party of Regions (Partiia rehioniv,; Partiya regionov) is a banned pro-Russian political party in Ukraine formed in late 1997 that became the largest party in Ukraine between 2006 and 2014.
See Ukraine and Party of Regions
Party platform
A political party platform (American English), party program, or party manifesto (preferential term in British and often Commonwealth English) is a formal set of principal goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate, to appeal to the general public, for the ultimate purpose of garnering the general public's support and votes about complicated topics or issues.
See Ukraine and Party platform
Paska (bread)
Paska (пáска,; პასკა,, "Easter"; pască; Hungarian: pászka, ultimately from פסחא,, "Passover") is a Ukrainian Easter bread.
Paul Robert Magocsi
Paul Robert Magocsi (born January 26, 1945) is an American professor of history, political science, and Chair of Ukrainian Studies at the University of Toronto.
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Pavlo Skoropadskyi
Pavlo Petrovych Skoropadskyi (Павло Петрович Скоропадський; – 26 April 1945) was a Ukrainian aristocrat, military and state leader, who served as the hetman of the Ukrainian State throughout 1918 following a coup d'état in April 29 of the same year.
See Ukraine and Pavlo Skoropadskyi
Peacekeeping
Peacekeeping comprises activities, especially military ones, intended to create conditions that favor lasting peace.
Pereiaslav
Pereiaslav is a historical city in Boryspil Raion, Kyiv Oblast, central Ukraine.
Pereiaslav Agreement
The Pereiaslav Agreement or Pereyaslav Agreement Britannica.
See Ukraine and Pereiaslav Agreement
Perestroika
Perestroika (a) was a political reform movement within the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) during the late 1980s, widely associated with CPSU general secretary Mikhail Gorbachev and his glasnost (meaning "transparency") policy reform.
Petrykivka painting
Petrykivka painting (or simply "Petrykivka"; Ukrainian: Петриківський розпис) is a traditional Ukrainian decorative painting style, originating from the village of Petrykivka in Dnipropetrovsk oblast of Ukraine, where it was traditionally used to decorate house walls and everyday household items.
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Physical education
Physical education, often abbreviated to Phys.
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Pierogi
Pierogi are filled dumplings, made by wrapping unleavened dough around a filling, and occasionally flavored with a savory or sweet garnish, finally cooked in boiling water. Pierogi or their varieties are associated with the cuisines of Central, Eastern and Southeastern Europe. Dumplings most likely originated in Asia and came to Europe via trade in the Middle Ages.
Planned economy
A planned economy is a type of economic system where the distribution of goods and services or the investment, production and the allocation of capital goods takes place according to economic plans that are either economy-wide or limited to a category of goods and services.
See Ukraine and Planned economy
PLOS One
PLOS One (stylized PLOS ONE, and formerly PLoS ONE) is a peer-reviewed open access mega journal published by the Public Library of Science (PLOS) since 2006.
Podolia
Podolia or Podilia (Podillia,; Podolye; Podolia; Podole; Podolien; Padollie; Podolė; Podolie.) is a historic region in Eastern Europe, located in the west-central and south-western parts of Ukraine and in northeastern Moldova (i.e. northern Transnistria).
Poland
Poland, officially the Republic of Poland, is a country in Central Europe. Ukraine and Poland are countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Pole vault
Pole vaulting, also known as pole jumping, is a track and field event in which an athlete uses a long and flexible pole, usually made from fiberglass or carbon fiber, as an aid to jump over a bar.
Poles in Ukraine
The Polish minority in Ukraine officially numbers about 144,130 (according to the 2001 census), (Розподіл населення окремихнаціональностей за іншими мовами, крім рідної, якими володіють), Ukrainian Statistical Bureau (Державний комітет статистики України).
See Ukraine and Poles in Ukraine
Polesia
Polesia, Polissia, Polesie, or Polesye is a natural (geographic) and historical region in Eastern Europe within the bigger East European Plain, including part of eastern Poland and the Belarus–Ukraine border region.
Polish people
Polish people, or Poles, are a West Slavic ethnic group and nation who share a common history, culture, the Polish language and are identified with the country of Poland in Central Europe.
Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Poland–Lithuania, formally known as the Kingdom of Poland and the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and also referred to as the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth or the First Polish Republic, was a bi-confederal state, sometimes called a federation, of Poland and Lithuania ruled by a common monarch in real union, who was both King of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania.
See Ukraine and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Polish–Ukrainian Peace Force Battalion
Polish–Ukrainian Peace Force Battalion (POLUKRBAT) or Ukrainian-Polish Peace Force Battalion (UKRPOLBAT) is a Polish-Ukrainian peacekeeping battalion, formed in the late 1990s expressly "for participation in international peace-keeping and humanitarian operations under the auspices of international organizations".
See Ukraine and Polish–Ukrainian Peace Force Battalion
Politics of Ukraine
The politics of Ukraine take place in a framework of a semi-presidential republic and a multi-party system.
See Ukraine and Politics of Ukraine
Polonization
Polonization or Polonisation (polonizacja)In Polish historiography, particularly pre-WWII (e.g., L. Wasilewski. As noted in Смалянчук А. Ф. (Smalyanchuk 2001) Паміж краёвасцю і нацыянальнай ідэяй. Польскі рухна беларускіхі літоўскіхземлях.
Poltava Oblast
Poltava Oblast (translit), also referred to as Poltavshchyna (Полтавщина), is an oblast (province) of central Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Poltava Oblast
Pontic Olbia
Pontic Olbia (Ὀλβία Ποντική; Olviia) or simply Olbia is an archaeological site of an ancient Greek city on the shore of the Southern Bug estuary (Hypanis or Ὕπανις) in Ukraine, near the village of Parutyne.
Pontic–Caspian steppe
The Pontic–Caspian Steppe is a steppe extending across Eastern Europe to Central Asia, formed by the Caspian and Pontic steppes.
See Ukraine and Pontic–Caspian steppe
Pope
The pope (papa, from lit) is the bishop of Rome and the visible head of the worldwide Catholic Church.
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Populated places in Ukraine
In Ukraine, the term "populated place" (naselenyi punkt) refers to a structured component of the human settlement system, representing a stationary community within a territorially cohesive and compact area characterized by a significant concentration of population.
See Ukraine and Populated places in Ukraine
Population transfer in the Soviet Union
From 1930 to 1952, the government of the Soviet Union, on the orders of Soviet leader Joseph Stalin under the direction of the NKVD official Lavrentiy Beria, forcibly transferred populations of various groups.
See Ukraine and Population transfer in the Soviet Union
Port of Odesa
The Port of Odesa or Odesa Sea Port (translit), located near Odesa, is the largest Ukrainian seaport and one of the largest ports in the Black Sea basin, with a total annual traffic capacity of 40 million tonnes (15 million tonnes dry bulk and 25 million tonnes liquid bulk), the only port of Ukraine capable of accepting Panamax class vessels.
Post-Soviet states
The post-Soviet states, also referred to as the former Soviet Union (FSU) or the former Soviet republics, are the independent sovereign states that emerged/re-emerged from the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
See Ukraine and Post-Soviet states
Potential enlargement of the European Union
There are currently nine states recognized as candidates for membership of the European Union: Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Georgia, Moldova, Montenegro, North Macedonia, Serbia, Turkey, and Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Potential enlargement of the European Union
Pound for pound
Pound for pound is a ranking used in combat sports, such as boxing, wrestling, or mixed martial arts, of who the better fighters are irrespective of their weight, i.e. adjusted to compensate for weight class.
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Poverty in Austrian Galicia
Poverty in Austrian Galicia was extreme, particularly in the late 19th century.
See Ukraine and Poverty in Austrian Galicia
Precipitation
In meteorology, precipitation is any product of the condensation of atmospheric water vapor that falls from clouds due to gravitational pull.
President of Ukraine
The president of Ukraine (Prezydent Ukrainy) is the head of state of Ukraine. Ukraine and president of Ukraine are 1991 establishments in Ukraine.
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Primary Chronicle
The Russian Primary Chronicle, commonly shortened to Primary Chronicle (translit, commonly transcribed Povest' vremennykh let (PVL)), is a chronicle of Kievan Rus' from about 850 to 1110.
See Ukraine and Primary Chronicle
Prime Minister of Ukraine
The Prime Minister of Ukraine (Прем'єр-міністр України, Premier-ministr Ukrainy) is the head of government of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Prime Minister of Ukraine
Principality
A principality (or sometimes princedom) can either be a monarchical feudatory or a sovereign state, ruled or reigned over by a regnant-monarch with the title of prince and/or princess, or by a monarch with another title considered to fall under the generic meaning of the term prince.
Principality of Galicia
The Principality of Galicia (translit; Galickoje kǔnęžǐstvo), also known as Principality of Halych or Principality of Halychian Rus, was a medieval East Slavic principality, and one of the main regional states within the political scope of Kievan Rus', established by members of the oldest line of Yaroslav the Wise descendants.
See Ukraine and Principality of Galicia
Principality of Volhynia
The Principality of Volhynia (Волинське князівство) was a western Kievan Rus' principality founded by the Rurikid prince Vsevolod in 987 centered in the region of Volhynia, straddling the borders of modern-day Ukraine, Belarus, and Poland.
See Ukraine and Principality of Volhynia
Printing press
A printing press is a mechanical device for applying pressure to an inked surface resting upon a print medium (such as paper or cloth), thereby transferring the ink.
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Pripyat (river)
The Pripyat or Prypiat is a river in Eastern Europe.
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Prisoner of war
A prisoner of war (POW) is a person who is held captive by a belligerent power during or immediately after an armed conflict.
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Problems of Post-Communism
Problems of Post-Communism is a bimonthly peer-reviewed academic journal covering economic, political, security, and international developments in post-communist countries.
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Prosecutor
A prosecutor is a legal representative of the prosecution in states with either the adversarial system, which is adopted in common law, or inquisitorial system, which is adopted in civil law.
Prosecutor General of Ukraine
The prosecutor general of Ukraine (also procurator general of Ukraine, translit) heads the system of official prosecution in courts known as the Office of the Prosecutor General (translit).
See Ukraine and Prosecutor General of Ukraine
Protestantism
Protestantism is a branch of Christianity that emphasizes justification of sinners through faith alone, the teaching that salvation comes by unmerited divine grace, the priesthood of all believers, and the Bible as the sole infallible source of authority for Christian faith and practice.
Protestantism in Ukraine
Protestants in Ukraine number about 600,000 to 700,000 (2007), about 2% of the total population.
See Ukraine and Protestantism in Ukraine
Proto-Indo-Europeans
The Proto-Indo-Europeans are a hypothetical prehistoric ethnolinguistic group of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the reconstructed common ancestor of the Indo-European language family.
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Public holiday
A public holiday, national holiday, federal holiday, statutory holiday, or legal holiday is a holiday generally established by law and is usually a non-working day during the year.
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Purchasing power parity
Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a measure of the price of specific goods in different countries and is used to compare the absolute purchasing power of the countries' currencies.
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Pysanka Museum
Pysanka Museum is a museum of pysanka located in Kolomyia, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Ukraine.
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Quark (dairy product)
Quark or quarg is a type of fresh dairy product made from milk.
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R. W. Davies
Robert William Davies (23 April 1925 – 13 April 2021), better known as R. W. Davies or Bob Davies, was a British historian, writer and professor of Soviet Economic Studies at the University of Birmingham.
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty
Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty (RFE/RL) is an American government-funded international media organization that broadcasts and reports news, information, and analyses to Eastern Europe, Central Asia, the Caucasus, and the Middle East.
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Rail freight transport
Rail freight transport is the use of railways and trains to transport cargo as opposed to human passengers.
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Rail transport in Ukraine
Rail transport in Ukraine is a major transport mode in Ukraine.
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Railway track
A railway track (British English and UIC terminology) or railroad track (American English), also known as a train track or permanent way (often "perway" in Australia), is the structure on a railway or railroad consisting of the rails, fasteners, railroad ties (sleepers, British English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade.
Raion
A raion (also spelt rayon) is a type of administrative unit of several post-Soviet states.
Ramsar site
A Ramsar site is a wetland site designated to be of international importance under the Ramsar Convention,.
Rapeseed
Rapeseed (Brassica napus subsp. napus), also known as rape and oilseed rape, is a bright-yellow flowering member of the family Brassicaceae (mustard or cabbage family), cultivated mainly for its oil-rich seed, which naturally contains appreciable amounts of erucic acid.
Rating (sociological group)
Rating (Рейтинг), or fully the Sociological group "Rating" (Соціологічнна група «Рейтинг»), is a Ukrainian independent, non-governmental research organization, that specializes in conducting all types of sociological research in compliance with international standards approved by the ESOMAR and WAPOR codes.
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Razumkov Centre
Razumkov Centre (Центр Разумкова), or fully the Ukrainian Centre for Economic and Political Studies named after Olexander Razumkov (Український центр економічнихі політичнихдосліджень імені Олександра Разумкова), is a Ukrainian non-governmental public policy think tank.
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Red Army
The Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, often shortened to the Red Army, was the army and air force of the Russian Soviet Republic and, from 1922, the Soviet Union.
Red Data Book of Ukraine
The Red Data Book of Ukraine, or literally the Red Book of Ukraine (Червона книга України, Chervona knyha Ukrainy), is an official national red list of the threatened animals, plants and fungi that are protected by the law in Ukraine.
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Reichskommissariat Ukraine
The Reichskommissariat Ukraine (RKU) was established by Nazi Germany in 1941 during World War II.
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Religion in Ukraine
Christianity is the predominant religion in Ukraine, with 85% of the population identifying as Christian according to a 2022 survey conducted by the Kyiv International Institute of Sociology (KIIS).
See Ukraine and Religion in Ukraine
Republic of Genoa
The Republic of Genoa (Repúbrica de Zêna; Repubblica di Genova; Res Publica Ianuensis) was a medieval and early modern maritime republic from the years 1099 to 1797 in Liguria on the northwestern Italian coast.
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Republics of the Soviet Union
The Republics of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics or the Union Republics (r) were national-based administrative units of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR). Ukraine and Republics of the Soviet Union are post-Soviet states.
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Research & Branding Group
Research & Branding Group (Дослідницька та бренд-консалтингова компанія) is a Ukrainian non-governmental marketing and sociological research company.
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Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans
The Residence of Bukovinian and Dalmatian Metropolitans in Chernivtsi, Ukraine was built for the Eastern Orthodox metropolitan bishop between 1864 and 1882 to the designs of the Czech architect Josef Hlávka from Austria-Hungary.
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Reuters
Reuters is a news agency owned by Thomson Reuters.
Revolution of Dignity
The Revolution of Dignity (translit), also known as the Maidan Revolution or the Ukrainian Revolution, took place in Ukraine in February 2014 at the end of the Euromaidan protests, when deadly clashes between protesters and state forces in the capital Kyiv culminated in the ousting of President Viktor Yanukovych, the return to the 2004 Constitution of Ukraine, and the outbreak of the 2014 Russo-Ukrainian War.
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Risk & Compliance Portal
The Risk & Compliance Portal (formerly The Business Anti-Corruption Portal) is a powerhouse for business anti-corruption information offering tools on how to alleviate or reduce risks and costs of corruption when doing business abroad.
See Ukraine and Risk & Compliance Portal
Rivne Oblast
Rivne Oblast (translit), also referred to as Rivnenshchyna (translit), is an oblast (province) in western Ukraine.
Roman the Great
Roman Mstislavich (– 19 June 1205), also known as Roman the Great, was Prince of Novgorod (1168–1170), Volhynia (1170–1189; 1189–1205), and Galicia (1189; 1198/99–1205).
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Romani people
The Romani, also spelled Romany or Rromani and colloquially known as the Roma (Rom), are an ethnic group of Indo-Aryan origin who traditionally lived a nomadic, itinerant lifestyle.
Romania
Romania is a country located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeast Europe. Ukraine and Romania are countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Romanians
Romanians (români,; dated exonym Vlachs) are a Romance-speaking ethnic group and nation native to Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe. Sharing a common culture and ancestry, they speak the Romanian language and live primarily in Romania and Moldova. The 2021 Romanian census found that 89.3% of Romania's citizens identified themselves as ethnic Romanians.
Romanians in Ukraine
This article represents an overview on the history of Romanians in Ukraine, including those Romanians of Northern Bukovina, Zakarpattia, the Hertsa region, and Budjak in Odesa Oblast, but also those Romanophones in the territory between the Dniester River and the Southern Buh river, who traditionally have not inhabited any Romanian state (nor Transnistria), but have been an integral part of the history of modern Ukraine, and are considered natives to the area.
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Romantic nationalism
Romantic nationalism (also national romanticism, organic nationalism, identity nationalism) is the form of nationalism in which the state claims its political legitimacy as an organic consequence of the unity of those it governs.
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Romanticism
Romanticism (also known as the Romantic movement or Romantic era) was an artistic and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century.
Routledge
Routledge is a British multinational publisher.
Rowman & Littlefield
Rowman & Littlefield Publishing Group is an American independent academic publishing company founded in 1949.
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Rugby league
Rugby league football, commonly known as rugby league in English-speaking countries and rugby XIII in non-Anglophone Europe and South America, and referred to colloquially as football, footy or league in its heartlands, is a full-contact sport played by two teams of thirteen players on a rectangular field measuring wide and long with H-shaped posts at both ends.
Rurikids
The Rurik dynasty, also known as the Rurikid or Riurikid dynasty, as well as simply Rurikids or Riurikids, was a noble lineage allegedly founded by the Varangian prince Rurik, who, according to tradition, established himself at Novgorod in the year 862. The Rurikids were the ruling dynasty of Kievan Rus' and its principalities following its disintegration.
Rus' people
The Rus, also known as Russes, were a people in early medieval Eastern Europe.
Rushnyk
A rushnyk or rushnik (Полотенце ручник, рушник, ручнік, ručnik, ручник) is a decorative and ritual cloth.
Ruslan Ponomariov
Ruslan Olehovych Ponomariov (Русла́н Оле́гович Пономарьо́в; born 11 October 1983) is a Ukrainian chess grandmaster.
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Ruslan Stefanchuk
Ruslan Oleksiyovych Stefanchuk (Руслан Олексійович Стефанчук; born 29 October 1975) is a Ukrainian politician and lawyer serving as Chairman of the Verkhovna Rada since October 2021.
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Ruslana
Ruslana Stepanivna Lyzhychko (Руслана Степанівна Лижичко,; born 24 May 1973), known mononymously as Ruslana, is a Ukrainian singer, songwriter, dancer, producer, actress, activist, and former politician.
Russia
Russia, or the Russian Federation, is a country spanning Eastern Europe and North Asia. Ukraine and Russia are countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations and post-Soviet states.
Russia–Ukraine border
The Russia–Ukraine border is the international boundary between Russia and Ukraine. Ukraine and Russia–Ukraine border are 1991 establishments in Ukraine.
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Russia–Ukraine relations
There are currently no diplomatic or bilateral relations between Russia and Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Russia–Ukraine relations
Russian Civil War
The Russian Civil War was a multi-party civil war in the former Russian Empire sparked by the overthrowing of the social-democratic Russian Provisional Government in the October Revolution, as many factions vied to determine Russia's political future.
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Russian Empire
The Russian Empire was a vast empire that spanned most of northern Eurasia from its proclamation in November 1721 until its dissolution in March 1917.
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Russian Empire census
The Russian Empire census, formally the First general census of the population of the Russian Empire in 1897, was the first and only nation-wide census performed in the Russian Empire.
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Russian famine of 1921–1922
The Russian famine of 1921–1922, also known as the Povolzhye famine (Голод в Поволжье, 'Volga region famine') was a severe famine in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic that began early in the spring of 1921 and lasted until 1922.
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Russian Far East
The Russian Far East (p) is a region in North Asia.
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Russian language
Russian is an East Slavic language, spoken primarily in Russia.
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Russian language in Ukraine
Russian is the most common first language in the Donbas and Crimea regions of Ukraine and the city of Kharkiv, and the predominant language in large cities in the eastern and southern portions of the country.
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Russian Navy
The Russian Navy is part of the Russian Armed Forces.
Russian Revolution
The Russian Revolution was a period of political and social change in Russia, starting in 1917.
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Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic
The Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (Russian SFSR or RSFSR), previously known as the Russian Soviet Republic and the Russian Socialist Federative Soviet Republic, and unofficially as Soviet Russia,Declaration of Rights of the laboring and exploited people, article I. was an independent federal socialist state from 1917 to 1922, and afterwards the largest and most populous constituent republic of the Soviet Union (USSR) from 1922 to 1991, until becoming a sovereign part of the Soviet Union with priority of Russian laws over Union-level legislation in 1990 and 1991, the last two years of the existence of the USSR..
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Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine
The Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine are areas of Ukraine that are currently controlled by Russia in the course of the Russo-Ukrainian War.
See Ukraine and Russian-occupied territories of Ukraine
Russians
Russians (russkiye) are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Eastern Europe.
Russians in Ukraine
Russians in Ukraine constitute the country's largest ethnic minority.
See Ukraine and Russians in Ukraine
Russification
Russification (rusifikatsiya), or Russianization, is a form of cultural assimilation in which non-Russians, whether involuntarily or voluntarily, give up their culture and language in favor of the Russian culture and the Russian language.
Russification of Ukraine
The Russification of Ukraine (зросійщення України; translit) was a system of measures, actions and legislations undertaken by the Imperial Russian and later Soviet authorities to strengthen Russian national, political and linguistic positions in Ukraine.
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Russo-Ukrainian War
The ongoing Russo-Ukrainian War began in February 2014.
See Ukraine and Russo-Ukrainian War
Russophilia
Russophilia is the admiration and fondness of Russia (including the era of the Soviet Union and/or the Russian Empire), Russian history, and Russian culture.
Rusyn language
Rusyn (translit; translit)http://theses.gla.ac.uk/2781/1/2011BaptieMPhil-1.pdf, p. 8.
See Ukraine and Rusyn language
Rusyns
Rusyns, also known as Carpatho-Rusyns, Ruthenians, or Rusnaks, are an East Slavic ethnic group from the Eastern Carpathians in Central Europe.
Rutgers University Press
Rutgers University Press (RUP) is a nonprofit academic publishing house, operating in New Brunswick, New Jersey under the auspices of Rutgers University.
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Ruthenia
Ruthenia is an exonym, originally used in Medieval Latin, as one of several terms for Kievan Rus'.
Ruthenian nobility
The Ruthenian nobility (Ruska shliakhta; Ruskaja šlachta; szlachta ruska) originated in the territories of Kievan Rus' and Galicia–Volhynia, which were incorporated into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and later the Russian and Austrian Empires.
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Ruthenian Uniate Church
The Ruthenian Uniate Church (Ruskaja unijackaja carkva; Rus'ka uniyna tserkva; Ecclesia Ruthena unita; Ruski Kościół Unicki) was a particular church of the Catholic Church in the territory of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth.
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Ryazhenka
Ryazhenka, or ryazhanka (Russian: ряженка; Belarusian: ражанка, ряжанка), is a traditional fermented milk product in Belarus, Russia, and Ukraine.
Sarmatians
The Sarmatians (Sarmatai; Latin: Sarmatae) were a large confederation of ancient Iranian equestrian nomadic peoples who dominated the Pontic steppe from about the 3rd century BC to the 4th century AD.
Sauerkraut
Sauerkraut is finely cut raw cabbage that has been fermented by various lactic acid bacteria.
Scandinavia
Scandinavia is a subregion of Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural, and linguistic ties between its constituent peoples.
Science
Science is a strict systematic discipline that builds and organizes knowledge in the form of testable hypotheses and predictions about the world.
Science (journal)
Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.
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Scythia
Scythia (Scythian: Skulatā; Old Persian: Skudra; Ancient Greek: Skuthia; Latin: Scythia) or Scythica (Ancient Greek: Skuthikē; Latin: Scythica), also known as Pontic Scythia, was a kingdom created by the Scythians during the 6th to 3rd centuries BC in the Pontic–Caspian steppe.
Scythians
The Scythians or Scyths (but note Scytho- in composition) and sometimes also referred to as the Pontic Scythians, were an ancient Eastern Iranic equestrian nomadic people who had migrated during the 9th to 8th centuries BC from Central Asia to the Pontic Steppe in modern-day Ukraine and Southern Russia, where they remained established from the 7th century BC until the 3rd century BC.
Sea of Azov
The Sea of Azov is an inland shelf sea in Eastern Europe connected to the Black Sea by the narrow (about) Strait of Kerch, and sometimes regarded as a northern extension of the Black Sea.
Second Polish Republic
The Second Polish Republic, at the time officially known as the Republic of Poland, was a country in Central and Eastern Europe that existed between 7 October 1918 and 6 October 1939.
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Security Service of Ukraine
The Security Service of Ukraine (translit; abbreviated as SBU or SSU) is the main internal security agency of the Ukrainian government. Ukraine and security Service of Ukraine are 1991 establishments in Ukraine.
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Semen Paliy
Semen Paliy (Семен Палiй, Semen Palej) (c. 1645 – 1710) was a Ukrainian Cossack polkovnyk (colonel).
Semi-arid climate
A semi-arid climate, semi-desert climate, or steppe climate is a dry climate sub-type.
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Semi-presidential republic
A semi-presidential republic, or dual executive republic, is a republic in which a president exists alongside a prime minister and a cabinet, with the latter two being responsible to the legislature of the state.
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Serfdom
Serfdom was the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism, and similar systems.
Serfdom in Russia
The term serf (bonded peasant), in the sense of an unfree peasant of tsarist Russia, meant an unfree person who, unlike a slave, historically could be sold only together with the land to which they were "attached".
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Sergey Bubka
Sergey Nazarovych Bubka (Сергій Назарович Бубка; Serhiy Nazarovych Bubka; born 4 December 1963) is a former Ukrainian pole vaulter.
Serhy Yekelchyk
Serhy Yekelchyk (Serhiy Yekelchyk; born November 13, 1966, in Kyiv) is a Ukrainian Canadian historian, who has published widely on modern Ukrainian and Russian history and Russian-Ukrainian relations.
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Sevastopol
Sevastopol, sometimes written Sebastopol, is the largest city in Crimea and a major port on the Black Sea.
Sevastopol Naval Base
The Sevastopol Naval Base (Севастопольская военно-морская база; Севастопольська військово-морська база) is an occupied naval base located in Sevastopol, in the disputed Crimean Peninsula.
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Seven Wonders of Ukraine
The Seven Wonders of Ukraine (Sim chudes Ukraïny) are seven historical and cultural monuments of Ukraine, which were chosen in the Seven Wonders of Ukraine contest held in July, 2007.
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Siberia
Siberia (Sibir') is an extensive geographical region comprising all of North Asia, from the Ural Mountains in the west to the Pacific Ocean in the east.
Siege of Kiev (1240)
The siege of Kiev by the Mongols took place between 28 November and 6 December 1240, and resulted in a Mongol victory.
See Ukraine and Siege of Kiev (1240)
Sixtiers
The Sixtiers (Shestydesiatnyky, Shistdesiatnyky; "people of the 60s") were representatives of а new generation of the Soviet Intelligentsia, who entered the cultural and political life of the USSR during the late 1950s and 1960s, after the Khrushchev Thaw.
Skiing
Skiing is the use of skis to glide on snow for basic transport, a recreational activity, or a competitive winter sport.
Slovakia
Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe. Ukraine and Slovakia are countries in Europe, member states of the United Nations and republics.
Snowmelt
In hydrology, snowmelt is surface runoff produced from melting snow.
Socialist realism
Socialist realism was the official cultural doctrine of the Soviet Union that mandated an idealized representation of life under socialism in literature and the visual arts.
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Somalia
Somalia, officially the Federal Republic of Somalia, is the easternmost country in continental Africa. Ukraine and Somalia are member states of the United Nations.
South Slavs
South Slavs are Slavic people who speak South Slavic languages and inhabit a contiguous region of Southeast Europe comprising the eastern Alps and the Balkan Peninsula.
Southern Bug
The Southern Bug, also called Southern Buh (Pivdennyi Buh; Yuzhny Bug; Bugul de Sud or just Bug), and sometimes Boh River (Бог; Boh), at the Encyclopedia of Ukraine is a navigable river located in Ukraine.
Southern Ukraine
Southern Ukraine (translit) refers, generally, to the territories in the South of Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Southern Ukraine
Soviet Army
The Ground Forces of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union (Sovetskiye sukhoputnye voyska) was the land warfare service branch of the Soviet Armed Forces from 1946 to 1992.
Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
Between 28 June and 3 July 1940, the Soviet Union occupied Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina, following an ultimatum made to Romania on 26 June 1940 that threatened the use of force.
See Ukraine and Soviet occupation of Bessarabia and Northern Bukovina
Soviet partisans
Soviet partisans were members of resistance movements that fought a guerrilla war against Axis forces during World War II in the Soviet Union, the previously Soviet-occupied territories of interwar Poland in 1941–45 and eastern Finland.
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Soviet Union
The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), commonly known as the Soviet Union, was a transcontinental country that spanned much of Eurasia from 1922 to 1991.
Soviet Union national football team
The Soviet Union national football team (r) is the national football team who represented the Soviet Union from 1922 to 1992.
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Special settlements in the Soviet Union
Special settlements in the Soviet Union were the result of population transfers and were performed in a series of operations organized according to social class or nationality of the deported.
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Specialist degree
The specialist degree is an academic degree conferred by a college or university.
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Sport in Ukraine
Sports in Ukraine as in any other country throughout the World plays an important role in shaping the popular view of Ukraine and Ukrainian popular culture to its residents and the rest of the World.
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Starlink
Starlink is a satellite internet constellation operated by Starlink Services, LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of American aerospace company SpaceX, providing coverage to 80 countries.
State Border Guard Service of Ukraine
The State Border Guard Service of Ukraine (SBGS; Derzhavna Prykordonna Sluzhba Ukrainy; abbr. ДПСУ, DPSU) is the border guard of Ukraine.
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State Space Agency of Ukraine
The State Space Agency of Ukraine (SSAU; Derzhavne kosmichne ahentstvo Ukrainy) is the Ukrainian government agency responsible for space policy and programs.
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Status quo
italic is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs, particularly with regard to social, economic, legal, environmental, political, religious, scientific or military issues.
Stephen G. Wheatcroft
Stephen George Wheatcroft (born 1 June 1947) is a Professorial Fellow of the School of Historical Studies at the University of Melbourne.
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Steppe
In physical geography, a steppe is an ecoregion characterized by grassland plains without closed forests except near rivers and lakes.
Style guide
A style guide is a set of standards for the writing, formatting, and design of documents.
Sumy Oblast
Sumy Oblast (Sumska oblast), also known as Sumshchyna (label), is an oblast (province) in northeast Ukraine.
Supreme Court of Ukraine
The Supreme Court of Ukraine (Verkhovnyi Sud Ukrainy) is the highest judicial body in the system of courts of general jurisdiction in Ukraine.
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Sustainability (journal)
Sustainability is a peer-reviewed open-access academic journal published by MDPI.
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Sweden
Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden, is a Nordic country located on the Scandinavian Peninsula in Northern Europe. Ukraine and Sweden are countries in Europe and member states of the United Nations.
Synchronous grid of Continental Europe
The synchronous grid of Continental Europe (also known as Continental Synchronous Area; formerly known as the UCTE grid) is the largest synchronous electrical grid (by connected power) in the world.
See Ukraine and Synchronous grid of Continental Europe
Szlachta
The szlachta (Polish:; Lithuanian: šlėkta) were the noble estate of the realm in the Kingdom of Poland, the Grand Duchy of Lithuania and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and, as a social class, dominated those states by exercising political rights and power.
Taras Shevchenko
Taras Hryhorovych Shevchenko (Тарас Григорович Шевченко; 9 March 1814 – 10 March 1861) was a Ukrainian poet, writer, artist, public and political figure, folklorist and ethnographer.
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Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv
The Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv (Київський національний університет імені Тараса Шевченка; also known as Kyiv University, Shevchenko University, or KNU) is a public university in Kyiv, Ukraine.
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Tatars
The Tatars, in the Collins English Dictionary formerly also spelt Tartars, is an umbrella term for different Turkic ethnic groups bearing the name "Tatar" across Eastern Europe and Asia. Initially, the ethnonym Tatar possibly referred to the Tatar confederation. That confederation was eventually incorporated into the Mongol Empire when Genghis Khan unified the various steppe tribes.
Telephone numbers in Ukraine
This is a discussion of telephone numbers in Ukraine.
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Ternopil Oblast
Ternopil Oblast (translit), also referred to as Ternopilshchyna (translit) or Ternopillia (translit), is an oblast (province) of Ukraine.
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Tertiary education
Tertiary education, also referred to as third-level, third-stage or post-secondary education, is the educational level following the completion of secondary education.
See Ukraine and Tertiary education
Textile arts
Textile arts are arts and crafts that use plant, animal, or synthetic fibers to construct practical or decorative objects.
The Day (Kyiv)
Den (День, The Day) is a Kyiv-based daily broadsheet newspaper.
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The Guardian
The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.
The Hill (newspaper)
The Hill is an American newspaper and digital media company based in Washington, D.C., that was founded in 1994.
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The Holocaust in Ukraine
The Holocaust in Ukraine was the systematic mass murder of Jews in the Reichskommissariat Ukraine, the General Government, the Crimean General Government and some areas which were located to the East of Reichskommissariat Ukraine (all of those areas were under the military control of Nazi Germany), in the Transnistria Governorate and Bessarabia, Northern Bukovina and the Hertsa region (all of those areas were then part of Romania, with the latter three areas being re-annexed) and Carpathian Ruthenia (then part of Hungary) during World War II.
See Ukraine and The Holocaust in Ukraine
The Independent
The Independent is a British online newspaper.
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The New York Review of Books
The New York Review of Books (or NYREV or NYRB) is a semi-monthly magazine with articles on literature, culture, economics, science and current affairs.
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The New York Times
The New York Times (NYT) is an American daily newspaper based in New York City.
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The Observer
The Observer is a British newspaper published on Sundays.
The Ruin (Ukrainian history)
The Ruin (translit) is a historical term introduced by the Cossack chronicle writer Samiilo Velychko (1670–1728) for the political situation in Ukrainian history during the second half of the 17th century.
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The Ukrainian Week
The Ukrainian Week (translit) is an illustrated weekly magazine and news outlet covering politics, economics and the arts and aimed at the socially engaged Ukrainian-language reader.
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The Ukrainian Weekly
The Ukrainian Weekly is the oldest English-language newspaper of the Ukrainian diaspora in the United States, and North America.
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The Wall Street Journal
The Wall Street Journal (WSJ), also referred to simply as the Journal, is an American newspaper based in New York City, with a focus on business and finance.
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The Washington Post
The Washington Post, locally known as "the Post" and, informally, WaPo or WP, is an American daily newspaper published in Washington, D.C., the national capital.
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The World Factbook
The World Factbook, also known as the CIA World Factbook, is a reference resource produced by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) with almanac-style information about the countries of the world.
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Torban
The torban (Торбан, also teorban or Ukrainian theorbo) is a Ukrainian musical instrument that combines the features of the Baroque lute with those of the psaltery.
Total war
Total war is a type of warfare that includes any and all (including civilian-associated) resources and infrastructure as legitimate military targets, mobilises all of the resources of society to fight the war, and gives priority to warfare over non-combatant needs.
Trans-Siberian Railway
The Trans-Siberian Railway, historically known as the Great Siberian Route and often shortened to Transsib, is a large railway system that connects European Russia to the Russian Far East.
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Transcarpathia
Transcarpathia (Karpat'ska Rus') is a historical region on the border between Central and Eastern Europe, mostly located in western Ukraine's Zakarpattia Oblast, with smaller parts in eastern Slovakia (largely in Prešov Region and Košice Region) and the Lemko Region in Poland.
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Transfer of Crimea in the Soviet Union
In 1954, the Presidium of the Supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union transferred the Crimean Oblast from the Russian SFSR to the Ukrainian SSR.
See Ukraine and Transfer of Crimea in the Soviet Union
Transnistria
Transnistria, officially known as the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic (PMR), is a breakaway state internationally recognized as part of Moldova. Ukraine and Transnistria are countries and territories where Ukrainian is an official language.
Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1686)
A Treaty of Perpetual Peace (also "Treaty of Eternal Peace" or simply Perpetual Peace, Вечный мир,, Pokój wieczysty, in Polish tradition Grzymułtowski Peace, Pokój Grzymułtowskiego) between the Tsardom of Russia and the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth was signed on 6 May 1686 in Moscow by Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth envoys: voivod of Poznań Krzysztof Grzymułtowski and chancellor (kanclerz) of Lithuania Marcjan Ogiński and Russian knyaz Vasily Vasilyevich Golitsyn.
See Ukraine and Treaty of Perpetual Peace (1686)
Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe
The original Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe (CFE) was negotiated and concluded during the last years of the Cold War and established comprehensive limits on key categories of conventional military equipment in Europe (from the Atlantic to the Urals) and mandated the destruction of excess weaponry.
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Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty intended to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament.
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Triple Entente
The Triple Entente (from French entente meaning "friendship, understanding, agreement") describes the informal understanding between the Russian Empire, the French Third Republic, and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.
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Trypillia
Trypillia (Трипiлля) is a village in Obukhiv Raion (district) of Kyiv Oblast in central Ukraine, with 2,800 inhabitants (as of 1 January 2005).
Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Muscovy, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721. From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire.
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Tsarist autocracy
Tsarist autocracy (tsarskoye samoderzhaviye), also called Tsarism, was an autocracy, a form of absolute monarchy localised with the Grand Duchy of Moscow and its successor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire.
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Turkic languages
The Turkic languages are a language family of more than 35 documented languages, spoken by the Turkic peoples of Eurasia from Eastern Europe and Southern Europe to Central Asia, East Asia, North Asia (Siberia), and West Asia.
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Tyras
Tyras (Τύρας) was an ancient Greek city on the northern coast of the Black Sea.
Ukraine and the United Nations
Ukraine was one of the founding members of the United Nations when it joined in 1945 as the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic; along with the Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic, Ukraine signed the United Nations Charter when it was part of the Soviet Union.
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Ukraine and weapons of mass destruction
Ukraine, formerly a republic of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from 1922–1991, once hosted Soviet nuclear weapons and delivery systems on its territory.
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Ukraine Crisis Media Center
Ukraine Crisis Media Center (UCMC) is a non-governmental organization that provides information about events in Ukraine, challenges and threats to the national security; in particular in the military, political, economic, energy and humanitarian spheres.
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Ukraine International Airlines
Ukraine International Airlines PJSC, often shortened to UIA (Aviakompaniya Mizhnarodni Avialiniyi Ukrayiny), is the flag carrier and the largest airline of Ukraine, with its head office in Kyiv and its main hub at Kyiv's Boryspil International Airport.
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Ukraine men's national basketball team
The Ukraine men's national basketball team (збірна України з баскетболу) represents Ukraine in international basketball competitions.
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Ukraine–European Union relations
International relations between the European Union (EU) and Ukraine are shaped through the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement and the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA).
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Ukraine–NATO relations
Relations between Ukraine and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) started in 1991 following Ukraine's independence after the dissolution of the Soviet Union.
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Ukraine–United States relations
The United States officially recognized the independence of Ukraine on December 25, 1991.
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Ukrainian Americans
Ukrainian Americans (Ukrayins'ki amerykantsi) are Americans who are of Ukrainian ancestry.
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Ukrainian architecture
Ukrainian architecture has initial roots in the Eastern Slavic state of Kievan Rus'.
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Ukrainian Brazilians
Ukrainian Brazilians (Ucraino-brasileiro, Ucraniano-brasileiro; Українські бразильці, Ukrayins'ki Brazyl'tsi) are Brazilian citizens born in Ukraine, or Brazilians of Ukrainian descent who remain connected, in some degree, to Ukrainian culture.
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Ukrainian Canadians
Ukrainian Canadians are Canadian citizens of Ukrainian descent or Ukrainian-born people who immigrated to Canada.
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Ukrainian diaspora
The Ukrainian diaspora comprises Ukrainians and their descendants who live outside Ukraine around the world, especially those who maintain some kind of connection to the land of their ancestors and maintain their feeling of Ukrainian national identity within their own local community.
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Ukrainian embroidery
Ukrainian embroidery (vyshyvka) occupies an important place among the various branches of Ukrainian decorative arts.
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Ukrainian folklore
Ukrainian folklore is the folk tradition which has developed in Ukraine and among ethnic Ukrainians.
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Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church
The Ukrainian Greek Catholic Church (UGCC) is a major archiepiscopal sui iuris ("autonomous") Eastern Catholic church that is based in Ukraine.
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Ukrainian hryvnia
The (гривня,: грн hrn; sign: ₴; code: UAH) has been the national currency of Ukraine since 2 September 1996.
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Ukrainian Independent Information Agency
The Ukrainian Independent Information Agency of News (translit) is a Kyiv-based Ukrainian news agency.
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Ukrainian Insurgent Army
The Ukrainian Insurgent Army (translit, abbreviated UPA) was a Ukrainian nationalist paramilitary and partisan formation founded by the Organisation of Ukrainian Nationalists on 14 October 1942.
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Ukrainian language
Ukrainian (label) is an East Slavic language of the Indo-European language family spoken primarily in Ukraine.
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Ukrainian Liberation Army
The Ukrainian Liberation Army (Українське Визвольне Військо, УВВ; Ukrainske Vyzvolne Viysko, UVV) was an umbrella organization created in 1943, providing collective name for all Ukrainian units serving with the German Army during World War II.
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Ukrainian nationalism
Ukrainian nationalism is the promotion of the unity of Ukrainians as a people and the promotion of the identity of Ukraine as a nation state.
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Ukrainian oligarchs
Ukrainian oligarchs (ukrainski oliharkhy) are business oligarchs who emerged on the economic and political scene of Ukraine after the 1991 Ukrainian independence referendum.
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Ukrainian Orthodox Church (Moscow Patriarchate)
The Ukrainian Orthodox Church (UOC), commonly referred to by the exonym Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the Moscow Patriarchate (UOC-MP), is an Eastern Orthodox church in Ukraine.
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Ukrainian People's Republic
The Ukrainian People's Republic (UPR) was a short-lived state in Eastern Europe. Ukraine and Ukrainian People's Republic are countries and territories where Ukrainian is an official language.
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Ukrainian Premier League
The Ukrainian Premier League ("Українська Прем'єр-ліга", Ukrainska Premier Liha) or UPL is the highest division of Ukrainian annual football championship. Ukraine and Ukrainian Premier League are 1991 establishments in Ukraine.
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Ukrainian Sea Guard
The Ukrainian Sea Guard (Morska okhorona; full name Sea Guard of the State Border Guard Service of Ukraine) is the coast guard service of Ukraine, subordinated to the State Border Guard Service.
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Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
The Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic (Ukrainska Radianska Sotsialistychna Respublika; Ukrainskaya Sovetskaya Sotsialisticheskaya Respublika), abbreviated as the Ukrainian SSR, UkSSR, and also known as Soviet Ukraine or just Ukraine, was one of the constituent republics of the Soviet Union from 1922 until 1991. Ukraine and Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic are countries and territories where Ukrainian is an official language.
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Ukrainian State
The Ukrainian State (translit), sometimes also called the Second Hetmanate (translit), was an anti-Bolshevik government that existed on most of the modern territory of Ukraine (except for Western Ukraine) from 29 April to 14 December 1918.
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Ukrainian territorial defence battalions
Territorial defence battalions (translit) were volunteer military units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine under the auspices of the Ukrainian Ministry of Defence in 2014–2015.
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Ukrainian War of Independence
The Ukrainian War of Independence, also referred to as the Ukrainian–Soviet War in Ukraine, lasted from March 1917 to November 1921.
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Ukrainian wedding traditions
Ukrainian wedding is the traditional marriage ceremony in Ukrainian culture, both in Ukraine and in the Ukrainian diaspora.
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Ukrainians
Ukrainians (ukraintsi) are a civic nation and an ethnic group native to Ukraine.
Ukrainians in Poland
Ukrainians in Poland (Ukraintsi Polshchi; Ukraińcy w Polsce) have various legal statuses: ethnic minority, temporary and permanent residents, and refugees.
See Ukraine and Ukrainians in Poland
Ukrainization
Ukrainization (also spelled Ukrainisation; Ukrainizatsiia) is a policy or practice of increasing the usage and facilitating the development of the Ukrainian language and promoting other elements of Ukrainian culture in various spheres of public life such as education, publishing, government, and religion.
Ukrainska Pravda
Ukrainska Pravda (lit) is a Ukrainian online newspaper founded by Georgiy Gongadze on 16 April 2000 (the day of the Ukrainian constitutional referendum).
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UkrFerry
UkrFerry Shipping Company (СК Укрферрі) is a ferry operator at the Black Sea, with ferry services serving Ukraine, Bulgaria, Turkey, and Georgia.
Ukrinform
The National News Agency of Ukraine (Українське національне інформаційне агентство), or Ukrinform (Укрінформ), is a state information and news agency, and international broadcaster of Ukraine.
Ulana Suprun
Ulana Nadia Suprun (Ulyana Nadiya Suprun; née Jurkiw (Юрків, Yurkiv); born 30 January 1963) is a Ukrainian-American physician, activist, and philanthropist who served as the acting Minister of Healthcare from 2016 to 2019.
UN Chronicle
The UN Chronicle is the digital magazine of the United Nations that furnishes a forum for exchange between experts and politicians working outside the Organization and United Nations officials and diplomats.
UN Tourism
UN Tourism (UNWTO until 2023) is a specialized agency of the United Nations which promotes responsible, sustainable and universally-accessible tourism.
Undisputed championship (boxing)
In boxing, the undisputed champion of a weight class is the boxer who simultaneously holds world titles from all major organizations recognized by each other and the International Boxing Hall of Fame.
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UNESCO
The United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO; pronounced) is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) with the aim of promoting world peace and security through international cooperation in education, arts, sciences and culture.
Unicameralism
Unicameralism (from uni- "one" + Latin camera "chamber") is a type of legislature consisting of one house or assembly that legislates and votes as one.
UNICEF
UNICEF, originally the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund, officially United Nations Children's Fund since 1953, is an agency of the United Nations responsible for providing humanitarian and developmental aid to children worldwide.
Union of Lublin
The Union of Lublin (Unia lubelska; Liublino unija) was signed on 1 July 1569 in Lublin, Poland, and created a single state, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, one of the largest countries in Europe at the time.
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Unitary state
A unitary state is a sovereign state governed as a single entity in which the central government is the supreme authority.
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is a diplomatic and political international organization whose stated purposes are to maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, achieve international cooperation, and serve as a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations.
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United Nations Development Programme
The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)Programme des Nations unies pour le développement, PNUD is a United Nations agency tasked with helping countries eliminate poverty and achieve sustainable economic growth and human development.
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United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN) and is charged with ensuring international peace and security, recommending the admission of new UN members to the General Assembly, and approving any changes to the UN Charter.
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United States
The United States of America (USA or U.S.A.), commonly known as the United States (US or U.S.) or America, is a country primarily located in North America. Ukraine and United States are member states of the United Nations.
United States Armed Forces
The United States Armed Forces are the military forces of the United States.
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United States Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), or simply the State Department, is an executive department of the U.S. federal government responsible for the country's foreign policy and relations.
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United States dollar
The United States dollar (symbol: $; currency code: USD; also abbreviated US$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies; referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, American dollar, or colloquially buck) is the official currency of the United States and several other countries.
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University of Cambridge
The University of Cambridge is a public collegiate research university in Cambridge, England.
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University of Lviv
The Ivan Franko National University of Lviv (Lvivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni Ivana Franka) is a public university in Lviv, Ukraine.
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University of North Carolina
The University of North Carolina is the public university system for the state of North Carolina.
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University of Toronto Press
The University of Toronto Press is a Canadian university press.
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University of Wisconsin–Madison
The University of Wisconsin–Madison (University of Wisconsin, Wisconsin, UW, UW–Madison, or simply Madison) is a public land-grant research university in Madison, Wisconsin, United States.
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Unmanned combat aerial vehicle
An unmanned combat aerial vehicle (UCAV), also known as a combat drone, fighter drone or battlefield UAV, is an unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) that is used for intelligence, surveillance, target acquisition, and reconnaissance and carries aircraft ordnance such as missiles, anti-tank guided missiles (ATGMs), and/or bombs in hardpoints for drone strikes.
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Urban-type settlement
Urban-type settlementtranslit, abbreviated: translit; translit, abbreviated: translit; translit; osiedle typu miejskiego; translit; așezare de tip urban/orășenesc.
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Urbanization by sovereign state
This is a list of countries by urbanization.
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USA Today
USA Today (often stylized in all caps) is an American daily middle-market newspaper and news broadcasting company.
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht
Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht (V&R) is a scholarly publishing house based in Göttingen, Germany.
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Varangians
The Varangians"," Online Etymology Dictionary were Viking conquerors, traders and settlers, mostly from present-day Sweden.
Varna, Bulgaria
Varna (Варна) is the third-largest city in Bulgaria and the largest city and seaside resort on the Bulgarian Black Sea Coast and in the Northern Bulgaria region.
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Vasiliy Lomachenko
Vasiliy Anatolyevich Lomachenko (Василь Анатолійович Ломаченко,; born 17 February 1988), also spelled Vasyl Anatoliyovych Lomachenko, is a Ukrainian professional boxer.
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Venice Commission
The Venice Commission, officially European Commission for Democracy through Law, is an advisory body of the Council of Europe, composed of independent experts in the field of constitutional law.
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Verkhovna Rada
The Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (often as Verkhovna Rada or simply Rada, VR) is the unicameral parliament of Ukraine.
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Verkhovna Rada of Crimea
Verkhovna Rada of Crimea or the Supreme Council of Crimea, officially the Supreme Council of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea, was the Ukrainian legislative body for the Autonomous Republic of Crimea before the annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014. Ukraine and Verkhovna Rada of Crimea are 1991 establishments in Ukraine.
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Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine
The Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine, VNLU (Національна бібліотека України імені В.І.) is the main academic library and main scientific information centre in Ukraine, one of the world's largest national libraries.
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Victory Day over Nazism in World War II
Victory Day over Nazism in World War II (translit) was a national holiday and a non-working day in Ukraine from 2015 to 2023.
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Viktor Yanukovych
Viktor Fedorovych Yanukovych (born 9 July 1950) is a former Ukrainian politician who served as the fourth president of Ukraine from 2010 to 2014.
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Viktor Yushchenko
Viktor Andriiovych Yushchenko (Віктор Андрійович Ющенко,; born 23 February 1954) is a Ukrainian politician who was the third president of Ukraine from 23 January 2005 to 25 February 2010.
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Vinnytsia Oblast
Vinnytsia Oblast (translit), also referred to as Vinnychchyna (Вінниччина), is an oblast in central Ukraine.
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Visegrád Group
The Visegrád Group (also known as the Visegrád Four or the V4) is a cultural and political alliance of four Central European countries: the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, and Slovakia.
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Vitali Klitschko
Vitalii Volodymyrovych Klychko (Віта́лій Володи́мирович Кличко́; born 19 July 1971), known as Vitali Klitschko, is a Ukrainian politician and former professional boxer.
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Vladimir II Monomakh
Vladimir II Monomakh (Volodiměrŭ Monomakhŭ; Christian name: Vasily; 26 May 1053 – 19 May 1125) was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1113 to 1125.
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Vladimir Lenin
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov (1870 – 21 January 1924), better known as Vladimir Lenin, was a Russian revolutionary, politician and political theorist.
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Vladimir the Great
Vladimir I Sviatoslavich or Volodymyr I Sviatoslavych (Volodiměr Svętoslavič; Christian name: Basil; 15 July 1015), given the epithet "the Great", was Prince of Novgorod from 970 and Grand Prince of Kiev from 978 until his death in 1015. The Eastern Orthodox Church canonised him as Saint Vladimir.
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Volhynia
Volhynia (also spelled Volynia) (Volynʹ, Wołyń, Volynʹ) is a historic region in Central and Eastern Europe, between southeastern Poland, southwestern Belarus, and western Ukraine.
Volhynian-Podolian Upland
Volhynian-Podolian Upland (Волинсько-Поділська височина) is a system of uplands in West Ukraine and Right-bank Ukraine.
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Volodymyr Shcherbytsky
Volodymyr Vasyliovych Shcherbytsky (17 February 1918 – 16 February 1990) was a Ukrainian Soviet politician who served as First Secretary of the Ukrainian Communist Party from 1972 to 1989.
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Volodymyr Zelenskyy
Volodymyr Oleksandrovych Zelenskyy (born 25 January 1978) is a Ukrainian politician and former entertainer who has been serving as the sixth president of Ukraine since 2019, including during the full-scale Russian invasion of Ukraine ongoing since 2022.
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Volunteer military
A volunteer military system or all volunteer military system (AVMS) is a military service system that maintains the military only with applicants without compulsory conscription.
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Volyn Oblast
Volyn Oblast (translit) or simply Volyn (translit) is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine.
Vopli Vidopliassova
Vopli Vidopliassova (Воплі Відоплясова), also shortened to VV (ВВ), is a Ukrainian rock band.
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War in Donbas
The war in Donbas, or Donbas war, was a phase of the Russo-Ukrainian War in the Donbas region of Ukraine.
Weaving
Weaving is a method of textile production in which two distinct sets of yarns or threads are interlaced at right angles to form a fabric or cloth.
Wehrmacht
The Wehrmacht were the unified armed forces of Nazi Germany from 1935 to 1945.
Wendy Lower
Wendy Lower (born 1965) is an American historian and a widely published author on the Holocaust and World War II.
West Ukrainian People's Republic
The West Ukrainian People's Republic or West Ukrainian National Republic (translit; abbreviated, also WUNR or WUPR), known for part of its existence as the Western Oblast of the Ukrainian People's Republic (label or), was a short-lived polity that controlled most of Eastern Galicia from November 1918 to July 1919. Ukraine and West Ukrainian People's Republic are countries and territories where Ukrainian is an official language.
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Western Front (Soviet Union)
The Western Front was a front of the Red Army, one of the Red Army Fronts during World War II.
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Western Steppe Herders
In archaeogenetics, the term Western Steppe Herders (WSH), or Western Steppe Pastoralists, is the name given to a distinct ancestral component first identified in individuals from the Chalcolithic steppe around the turn of the 5th millennium BC, subsequently detected in several genetically similar or directly related ancient populations including the Khvalynsk, Repin, Sredny Stog, and Yamnaya cultures, and found in substantial levels in contemporary European, Central Asian, South Asian and West Asian populations.
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Western Ukraine
Western Ukraine (Zakhidna Ukraina) or West Ukraine refers to the western territories of Ukraine.
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Western world
The Western world, also known as the West, primarily refers to various nations and states in the regions of Australasia, Western Europe, and Northern America; with some debate as to whether those in Eastern Europe and Latin America also constitute the West.
White Army
The White Army (pre-1918 spelling, although used by the Whites even afterwards to differentiate from the Reds./Белая армия|Belaya armiya) or White Guard (label), also referred to as the Whites or White Guardsmen (label), was a common collective name for the armed formations of the White movement and anti-Bolshevik governments during the Russian Civil War.
Wikisource
Wikisource is an online digital library of free-content textual sources on a wiki, operated by the Wikimedia Foundation.
Wiley (publisher)
John Wiley & Sons, Inc., commonly known as Wiley, is an American multinational publishing company that focuses on academic publishing and instructional materials.
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William B. Taylor Jr.
William Brockenbrough Taylor Jr. (born September 14, 1947) is an American diplomat, government official, and former military officer.
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Wladimir Klitschko
Wladimir Klitschko (born 25 March 1976) is a Ukrainian former professional boxer who competed from 1996 to 2017.
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World Bank
The World Bank is an international financial institution that provides loans and grants to the governments of low- and middle-income countries for the purpose of pursuing capital projects.
World Heritage Site
World Heritage Sites are landmarks and areas with legal protection by an international convention administered by UNESCO for having cultural, historical, or scientific significance.
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World Intellectual Property Organization
The World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO; Organisation mondiale de la propriété intellectuelle (OMPI)) is one of the 15 specialized agencies of the United Nations (UN).
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World Justice Project
The World Justice Project (WJP) is an international civil society organization with the stated mission of "working to advance the rule of law around the world".
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World Tourism rankings
The World Tourism rankings are compiled by the United Nations World Tourism Organization as part of their World Tourism Barometer publication, which is released up to six times per year.
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World Trade Organization
The World Trade Organization (WTO) is an intergovernmental organization headquartered in Geneva, Switzerland that regulates and facilitates international trade.
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World War I
World War I (alternatively the First World War or the Great War) (28 July 1914 – 11 November 1918) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies (or Entente) and the Central Powers.
World War II casualties of the Soviet Union
World War II losses of the Soviet Union were about 27,000,000 both civilian and military from all war-related causes, although exact figures are disputed.
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Yahoo! News
Yahoo! News is a news website that originated as an internet-based news aggregator by Yahoo!.
Yalta Conference
The Yalta Conference (Yaltinskaya konferentsiya), held 4–11 February 1945, was the World War II meeting of the heads of government of the United States, the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union to discuss the postwar reorganization of Germany and Europe.
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Yamnaya culture
The Yamnaya culture or the Yamna culture, also known as the Pit Grave culture or Ochre Grave culture, is a late Copper Age to early Bronze Age archaeological culture of the region between the Southern Bug, Dniester, and Ural rivers (the Pontic–Caspian steppe), dating to 3300–2600 BCE.
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Yaroslav the Wise
Yaroslav I Vladimirovich (978 – 20 February 1054), better known as Yaroslav the Wise, was Grand Prince of Kiev from 1019 until his death in 1054.
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Yulia Tymoshenko
Yulia Volodymyrivna Tymoshenko (Юлія Володимирівна Тимошенко,; Hrihyan (Грігян); by Askold Krushelnycky, Harvill Secker, 2006,, p. 169. born 27 November 1960) is a Ukrainian politician, who served as Prime Minister of Ukraine in 2005, and again from 2007 until 2010; the first and only woman in Ukraine to hold that position.
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Zakarpattia Oblast
Zakarpattia Oblast (Ukrainian: Закарпатська область), also referred to as simply Zakarpattia (Закарпаття; Hungarian: Kárpátalja) or Transcarpathia in English, is an oblast in west Ukraine, mostly coterminous with the historical region of Carpathian Ruthenia.
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Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Plant
The Zaporizhzhia Nuclear Power Station (translit) in southeastern Ukraine is the largest nuclear power plant in Europe and among the 10 largest in the world.
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Zaporizhzhia Oblast
Zaporizhzhia Oblast (translit), commonly referred to as Zaporizhzhia (label), is an oblast (region) in south-east Ukraine.
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Zaporozhian Cossacks
The Zaporozhian Cossacks, Zaporozhian Cossack Army, Zaporozhian Host, (or label) or simply Zaporozhians (translit-std) were Cossacks who lived beyond (that is, downstream from) the Dnieper Rapids.
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Zaporozhian Host
Zaporozhian Host (or Zaporizhian Sich) is a term for a military force inhabiting or originating from Zaporizhzhia, the territory in what is Southern and Central Ukraine today, beyond the rapids of the Dnieper River, from the 15th to the 18th centuries.
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Zaporozhian Sich
The Zaporozhian Sich (Sicz Zaporoska, Запорозька Січ, Zaporozka Sich; also Вольностi Вiйська Запорозького Низового, Volnosti Viiska Zaporozkoho Nyzovoho; Free lands of the Zaporozhian Host the Lower) was a semi-autonomous polity and proto-state of Cossacks that existed between the 16th to 18th centuries, including as an autonomous stratocratic state within the Cossack Hetmanate for over a hundred years, centred around the region now home to the Kakhovka Reservoir and spanning the lower Dnieper river in Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Zaporozhian Sich
Zhytomyr Oblast
Zhytomyr Oblast (Zhytomyrska oblast), also referred to as Zhytomyrshchyna (Житомирщина), is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine.
See Ukraine and Zhytomyr Oblast
.укр
The domain name.укр (romanized as.ukr; abbreviation of Україна, tr. Ukrayina) is an approved internationalized country code top-level domain (IDN ccTLD) for Ukraine.
See Ukraine and .укр
.ua
.ua is the Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Ukraine.
See Ukraine and .ua
1991 Soviet coup attempt
The 1991 Soviet coup d'état attempt, also known as the August Coup, was a failed attempt by hardliners of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) to forcibly seize control of the country from Mikhail Gorbachev, who was Soviet President and General Secretary of the CPSU at the time.
See Ukraine and 1991 Soviet coup attempt
1991 Ukrainian independence referendum
A referendum on the Act of Declaration of Independence was held in Ukraine on 1 December 1991.
See Ukraine and 1991 Ukrainian independence referendum
1998 Russian financial crisis
The Russian financial crisis (also called the ruble crisis or the Russian flu) began in Russia on 17 August 1998.
See Ukraine and 1998 Russian financial crisis
2001 Ukrainian census
The 2001 Ukrainian census is to date the only census of the population of independent Ukraine.
See Ukraine and 2001 Ukrainian census
2006 FIFA World Cup
The 2006 FIFA World Cup was the 18th FIFA World Cup, the quadrennial international football world championship tournament.
See Ukraine and 2006 FIFA World Cup
2007–2008 financial crisis
The 2007–2008 financial crisis, or the global financial crisis (GFC), was the most severe worldwide economic crisis since the Great Depression.
See Ukraine and 2007–2008 financial crisis
2008 Bucharest summit
The 2008 Bucharest Summit or the 21st NATO Summit was a NATO summit organized in the Palace of the Parliament, Bucharest, Romania on 2 – 4 April 2008.
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2008 Summer Olympics
The 2008 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXIX Olympiad and officially branded as Beijing 2008, were an international multisport event held from 8 to 24 August 2008, in Beijing, China.
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2012 Summer Olympics
The 2012 Summer Olympics, officially the Games of the XXX Olympiad and also known as London 2012, were an international multi-sport event held from 27 July to 12 August 2012 in London, England, United Kingdom.
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2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup
The 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup was the 17th edition of the FIBA Basketball World Cup, the tournament previously known as the FIBA World Championship.
See Ukraine and 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup
2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
From the end of February 2014, in the aftermath of the Euromaidan and the Revolution of Dignity, which resulted in the ousting of Russian-leaning Ukrainian President Viktor Yanukovych, demonstrations by Russian-backed, pro-Russian, and anti-government groups (as well as pro-government demonstrations) took place in Crimea, Donetsk, Luhansk, Kharkiv and Odesa.
See Ukraine and 2014 pro-Russian unrest in Ukraine
22nd meridian east
The meridian 22° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, the Atlantic Ocean, Europe, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
See Ukraine and 22nd meridian east
41st meridian east
The meridian 41° east of Greenwich is a line of longitude that extends from the North Pole across the Arctic Ocean, Europe, Asia, Africa, the Indian Ocean, the Southern Ocean, and Antarctica to the South Pole.
See Ukraine and 41st meridian east
44th parallel north
The 44th parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 44 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
See Ukraine and 44th parallel north
53rd parallel north
The 53rd parallel north is a circle of latitude that is 53 degrees north of the Earth's equatorial plane.
See Ukraine and 53rd parallel north
See also
Countries and territories where Ukrainian is an official language
- Autonomous Republic of Crimea
- Transnistria
- Ukraine
- Ukrainian People's Republic
- Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic
- West Ukrainian People's Republic
Post-Soviet states
- Abkhazia
- Armenia
- Azerbaijan
- Belarus
- Bush legs
- Business oligarch
- CIS Interparliamentary Assembly
- Chechen Republic of Ichkeria
- Collective Security Treaty Organization
- Commonwealth of Independent States
- Ethnic Russians in post-Soviet states
- Eurasian Economic Union
- Eurasian economic integration
- Gagauz Republic
- Georgia (country)
- Kazakhstan
- Kurdish Republic of Lachin
- Kyrgyzstan
- LGBT rights in the post-Soviet states
- List of Russia international footballers born outside Russia
- List of Ukraine international footballers born outside Ukraine
- List of conflicts in territory of the former Soviet Union
- Memorial (society)
- Mir (television company)
- Moldova
- National delimitation in the Soviet Union
- Near abroad
- Neo-Sovietism
- Operation Provide Hope
- Post-Soviet states
- Post-Soviet studies
- Republic of Artsakh
- Republics of the Soviet Union
- Russia
- Satellite state
- Shock therapy (economics)
- South Ossetia
- Soviet ruble
- State continuity of the Baltic states
- Supreme Council of Uzbekistan
- Tajikistan
- Turkmenistan
- Ukraine
- Uzbekistan
References
Also known as Breadbasket of Europe, ISO 3166-1:UA, The Ukraine, The ukrane, Ucraina, Ucraine, Ucrania, Ukaine, Ukarine, Ukra'jina, Ukraien, Ukraime, Ukraïna, Ukraine during World War II, Ukrainia, Ukrainian (country), Ukrainian Voice, Ukrainian territory, Ukrajina, Ukrane, Ukrania, Ukrayina, Ukriane, Ykpaiha, Украина.
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Tatars, Descent from Genghis Khan, Deutsche Welle, Developed country, Developing country, Diaspora, Dionysius IV of Constantinople, Directorate of Ukraine, Dissolution of the Soviet Union, Dnieper, Dniester, Dnipro, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, Domestication of the horse, Donbas, Donets, Donetsk, Donetsk Oblast, Donetsk People's Republic, Droughts and famines in Russia and the Soviet Union, Duma (epic), Dzerkalo Tyzhnia, Early Slavs, East European forest steppe, East European Plain, East Slavs, Easter egg, Eastern Europe, Eastern European Summer Time, Eastern European Time, Eastern Front (World War II), Eastern Galicia, Eastern Iranian languages, Eastern Orthodox Church, Eastern Orthodoxy by country, Eastern Partnership, Eastern Ukraine, EBSCO Industries, Ecocide, Economy of Ukraine, Ecoregion, Ecosystem, Ecumenical Patriarch of Constantinople, Education in Ukraine, Effects of climate change, Effects of climate change on agriculture, Egg decorating in Slavic culture, Einsatzgruppen, 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fuel subsidies, Freedom House, Freedom of speech, Freedom of the press in Ukraine, Front (military), Frozen conflict, Galicia (Eastern Europe), Galicia–Volhynia Wars, General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, Genocide, Geography of Ukraine, German atrocities committed against Soviet prisoners of war, Glasnost, Global Innovation Index, Gołąbki, Google Books, Goths, Government debt, Government of Ukraine, Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Grandmaster (chess), Gravettian, Great Break (USSR), Great Northern War, Great Purge, Greeks, Green armies, Green Ukraine, Gross domestic product, Gulag, Hacı I Giray, Haifa, Harvard University Press, Head of state, Heavyweight, Helsinki, Hero City (Soviet Union), Hertsa region, Higher education in Ukraine, Hinduism, History of Christianity in Ukraine, History of the Jews in Ukraine, History of the Soviet Union, History of Ukraine, Hitotsubashi University, Hlukhiv, Holodomor, Horilka, Hospitality, House of Habsburg, Hoverla, Human, Human Rights Watch, Humid subtropical climate, Hungarian language, Hungarians, Hungarians in Ukraine, Hungary, Huns, Hutsul Republic, Hyperinflation, Igor Belanov, Indo-European languages, Indo-European migrations, Industrial Revolution, Industrialization in the Russian Empire, Industrialization in the Soviet Union, Institut national d'études démographiques, Institute of National Remembrance, Intelligentsia, Interfax, Interfax-Ukraine, Internally displaced person, International Futures, International Monetary Fund, Invasion of Poland, Iron Age, Irreligion, Islam, Istanbul, Italy national football team, Ivan Dorn, Ivan Kotliarevsky, Ivan Mazepa, Ivan Sirko, Ivano-Frankivsk Oblast, Jamestown Foundation, Jazz, Józef Piłsudski, Jews, Josef Hlávka, Joseph Stalin, Judaism, Judiciary, Kakhovka Dam, Kamianets-Podilskyi, Kaolinite, Kharkiv, Kharkiv Oblast, Kharkiv Polytechnic Institute, Khazars, Kherson Oblast, Khmelnytsky Uprising, Khmelnytskyi Oblast, Khrushchev Thaw, Khrushchevka, Kievan Rus', 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