Communication

382 relations: Abdul Wadud (musician), Aerosmith, Aldo Parisot, Alfred Wallenstein, Aluminium, Amati, American Music Award, André Jolivet, Andrea Amati, Animal glue, Anner Bylsma, Antonín Dvořák, Antonio Stradivari, Antonio Vivaldi, Apocalyptica, Arcade Fire, Arpeggione, Arpeggione Sonata, Arthur Honegger, Arvo Pärt, Atom Heart Mother (suite), Audition, Augmentative, Ave Maria (Bach/Gounod), Édouard Lalo, Élégie (Fauré), Élisabeth Jacquet de La Guerre, Ütőgardon, Bachianas Brasileiras, Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down), Barbara Strozzi, Barjansky Stradivarius, Baroque, Baroque pop, Bass bar, Bass violin, Bassline, Bassoon, Batta-Piatigorsky Stradivarius, Béla Bartók, Beatrice Harrison, Ben Sollee, Benjamin Britten, Berlin Philharmonic, Blackbird (Beatles song), Bluegrass music, Bologna, Bond (band), Bonjour Stradivarius, Bow (music), ..., Bow frog, Brahms guitar, Break of Reality, Brendon Urie, Bridge (instrument), Buxus, C (musical note), Camille Saint-Saëns, Canada (band), Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach, Carlo Giuseppe Testore, Carlos Prieto (cellist), Catgut, César Franck, Cello concerto, Cello Concerto (Dvořák), Cello Concerto (Elgar), Cello Concerto (Schumann), Cello Concerto No. 1 (Haydn), Cello Concerto No. 2 (Haydn), Cello Fury, Cello sonata, Cello Sonata (Franck/Delsart), Cello Suites (Bach), Cello suites (Britten), Cello Symphony (Britten), Chamber music, Charles Mennégand, Cher, China, Chordophone, Chromium, Circa, Classical music, Classical period (music), Claude Debussy, Clef, Col legno, Cold Fairyland, Colosseum II, Concertmaster, Concerto, Conducting, Cream (band), Curved bow, Damien Rice, Dave Holland, David Darling (musician), David Tecchler, Davidov Stradivarius, Dazed and Confused (song), Diaphragm (acoustics), Diedre Murray, Dieter Schnebel, Diminutive, Disco, Dmitri Shostakovich, Domenico Montagnana, Don Quixote (Strauss), Double bass, Double Concerto (Brahms), Double stop, Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel, Duport Stradivarius, Ebony, Edvard Grieg, Edward Elgar, Eleanor Rigby, Electric cello, Electric guitar, Electric Light Orchestra, Elliott Carter, Endpin, Erik Friedlander, Ernest Bloch, Ernst Reijseger, Ethel Smyth, Eugène Ysaÿe, Fanny Mendelssohn, Felix Mendelssohn, Figured bass, Fingerboard, Floyd Collins (musical), Folk music, Foxtrot (album), Francesca Caccini, Francesco Rugeri, Francis Poulenc, Franz Schubert, Fratres, Frédéric Chopin, Fred Katz (cellist), Fred Lonberg-Holm, Gabriel Fauré, Gaspar Cassadó, Genesis (band), Georg Philipp Telemann, Gioachino Rossini, Giovanni Battista Guadagnini, Giovanni Battista Rogeri, Giuseppe Guarneri, Giuseppe Verdi, Glissando, Good Vibrations, Grażyna Bacewicz, Gregor Piatigorsky, György Ligeti, Han-na Chang, Harmonic, Harmonic series (music), Harpsichord, Harry Babasin, Heitor Villa-Lobos, Henri Dutilleux, Hildur Guðnadóttir, Hip hop, Horsehair, Iannis Xenakis, Icelanders, Igor Stravinsky, Indian classical music, Intonation (music), Italian language, Jack Bruce, Jacqueline du Pré, Jacques Offenbach, James (band), Jan Brueghel the Elder, Jazz, Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume, Joaquín Rodrigo, Johann Sebastian Bach, Johannes Brahms, John Cage, Joseph Haydn, Josephine van Lier, Jules Delsart, Julian Armour, Julian Lloyd Webber, Keyboard instrument, Kol Nidrei (Bruch), Kronos Quartet, Krzysztof Penderecki, Legato, Lindsay Mac, Lira da braccio, List of cellists, List of compositions for cello and orchestra, List of compositions for cello and organ, List of compositions for cello and piano, List of double concertos for violin and cello, List of solo cello pieces, List of triple concertos for violin, cello, and piano, Luciano Berio, Lucio Amanti, Ludwig van Beethoven, Luigi Boccherini, Luigi Colani, Luis and Clark, Lute, Luthier, Malcolm Arnold, Maple, Mario Brunello, Marion Bauer, Massive Violins, Matteo Goffriller, Max Bruch, Medieval Latin, Metallica, Metronome, Michael Bach (musician), Michel Corrette, Mike Rutherford, Mischa Maisky, Mstislav Rostropovich, My Life with Albertine, Nabucco, Natalie Haas, National Music Museum, Ne-Yo, New Music USA, Nicola Amati, Nicolò Gagliano, Nikolai Myaskovsky, Nikolaus Kraft, Nirvana (band), Nomos Alpha, Nut (string instrument), Oasis (band), Octave, Ogg, Olivier Messiaen, OneRepublic, Orchestra, Organ (music), Oscar Pettiford, Overtone, Pablo Casals, Paganini Quartet, Panic! 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Abdul Wadud (musician)

Abdul Wadud (born April 30, 1947, as Ron (Ronald) DeVaughn in Cleveland, Ohio), is an American cellist known for his work in jazz and classical settings.

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Aerosmith

Aerosmith is an American rock band.

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Aldo Parisot

Aldo Simoes Parisot (born September 30, 1921) is a Brazilian-born American cellist and cello teacher, was formerly a member of the Juilliard School faculty, and currently is serving as a professor of music at the Yale School of Music.

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Alfred Wallenstein

Alfred Wallenstein (October 7, 1898 – February 8, 1983) was an American cellist and conductor, born in Chicago, Illinois.

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Aluminium

Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.

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Amati

Amati is the last name of a family of Italian violin makers who lived at Cremona from about 1538 to 1740.

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American Music Award

The American Music Awards (AMAs) is an annual American music awards show, created by Dick Clark in 1973 for ABC when the network's contract to air the Grammy Awards expired.

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André Jolivet

André Jolivet (8 August 1905 – 20 December 1974) was a French composer.

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Andrea Amati

Andrea Amati was a luthier, from Cremona, Italy.

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Animal glue

An animal glue is an adhesive that is created by prolonged boiling of animal connective tissue.

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Anner Bylsma

Anner Bylsma (born Anne Bijlsma 17 February 1934, The Hague) is a Dutch cellist who plays on both modern and period instruments in a historically informed style.

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Antonín Dvořák

Antonín Leopold Dvořák (8 September 1841 – 1 May 1904) was a Czech composer.

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Antonio Stradivari

Antonio Stradivari; (1644 – December 18, 1737) was an Italian luthier and a crafter of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps.

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Antonio Vivaldi

Antonio Lucio Vivaldi (4 March 1678 – 28 July 1741) was an Italian Baroque musical composer, virtuoso violinist, teacher and cleric.

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Apocalyptica

Apocalyptica is a Finnish cello metal band from Helsinki, Finland, formed in 1993.

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Arcade Fire

Arcade Fire is a Canadian indie rock band, consisting of husband and wife Win Butler and Régine Chassagne, along with Win's younger brother William Butler, Richard Reed Parry, Tim Kingsbury and Jeremy Gara.

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Arpeggione

Arpeggione built in 1968 by Henning Aschauer following specifications of Alfred Lessing The arpeggione is a six-stringed musical instrument, fretted and tuned like a guitar, but bowed like a cello, and thus similar to the bass viola da gamba.

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Arpeggione Sonata

The Sonata in A minor for Arpeggione and Piano, D. 821, was written by Franz Schubert in Vienna in November 1824.

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Arthur Honegger

Arthur Honegger (10 March 1892 – 27 November 1955) was a Swiss composer, who was born in France and lived a large part of his life in Paris.

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Arvo Pärt

Arvo Pärt (born 11 September 1935) is an Estonian composer of classical and religious music.

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Atom Heart Mother (suite)

"Atom Heart Mother" is a six-part suite by the progressive rock band Pink Floyd, composed by all members of the band and Ron Geesin.

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Audition

An audition is a sample performance by an actor, singer, musician, dancer or other performer.

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Augmentative

An augmentative (abbreviated) is a morphological form of a word which expresses greater intensity, often in size but also in other attributes.

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Ave Maria (Bach/Gounod)

Ave Maria is a popular and much-recorded setting of the Latin prayer Ave Maria, originally published in 1853 as Méditation sur le Premier Prélude de Piano de S. Bach.

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Édouard Lalo

Édouard-Victoire-Antoine Lalo (27 January 182322 April 1892) was a French composer.

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Élégie (Fauré)

The Élégie (Elegy), Op. 24, was written by the French composer Gabriel Fauré in 1880, and first published and performed in public in 1883.

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Élisabeth Jacquet de La Guerre

Élisabeth Jacquet de La Guerre (full name Élisabeth-Claude Jacquet de la Guerre; born Élisabeth Jacquet, 17 March 1665, Paris – 27 June 1729, Paris) was a French musician, harpsichordist and composer.

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Ütőgardon

The ütőgardon, also called a gardon, is a folk musical instrument played primarily in Transylvania.

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Bachianas Brasileiras

The Bachianas Brasileiras are a series of nine suites by the Brazilian composer Heitor Villa-Lobos, written for various combinations of instruments and voices between 1930 and 1945.

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Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)

"Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" is the second single by American singer-actress Cher from her second album, The Sonny Side of Chér.

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Barbara Strozzi

Barbara Strozzi (also called Barbara Valle; baptised 6 August 1619 – 11 November 1677) was an Italian singer and composer.

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Barjansky Stradivarius

The Barjansky Stradivarius of c.1690 is an antique cello fabricated by the Italian Cremonese luthier Antonio Stradivari (1644-1737).

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Baroque

The Baroque is a highly ornate and often extravagant style of architecture, art and music that flourished in Europe from the early 17th until the late 18th century.

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Baroque pop

Baroque pop (sometimes called baroque rock) is a fusion genre that combines rock music with particular elements of classical music.

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Bass bar

In a string instrument, the bass bar is a brace running from the foot of the neck to a position under the bridge, which bears much of the tension of the strings.

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Bass violin

Bass violin is the modern term for various 16th- and 17th-century bass instruments of the violin (i.e. "viola da braccio") family.

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Bassline

A bassline (also known as a bass line or bass part) is the term used in many styles of music, such as jazz, blues, funk, dub and electronic, traditional music, or classical music for the low-pitched instrumental part or line played (in jazz and some forms of popular music) by a rhythm section instrument such as the electric bass, double bass, cello, tuba or keyboard (piano, Hammond organ, electric organ, or synthesizer).

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Bassoon

The bassoon is a woodwind instrument in the double reed family that typically plays music written in the bass and tenor clefs, and occasionally the treble.

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Batta-Piatigorsky Stradivarius

The Batta-Piatigorsky Stradivarius is a cello made in Cremona, Italy in 1714 by Antonio Stradivari.

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Béla Bartók

Béla Viktor János Bartók (25 March 1881 – 26 September 1945) was a Hungarian composer, pianist and an ethnomusicologist.

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Beatrice Harrison

Beatrice Harrison (9 December 1892 – 10 March 1965) was a British cellist active in the first half of the 20th century.

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Ben Sollee

Ben Sollee (born November 28, 1983) is an American cellist, singer-songwriter, and composer known for his political activism.

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Benjamin Britten

Edward Benjamin Britten, Baron Britten of Aldeburgh (22 November 1913 – 4 December 1976) was an English composer, conductor and pianist.

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Berlin Philharmonic

The Berlin Philharmonic (Berliner Philharmoniker) is a German orchestra based in Berlin.

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Blackbird (Beatles song)

"Blackbird" is a song by the Beatles from their 1968 double album The Beatles (also known as "the White Album"), which was performed as a solo effort by Paul McCartney.

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Bluegrass music

Bluegrass music is a form of American roots music named after Kentucky mandolin player and songwriter Bill Monroe's band, the Bluegrass Boys 1939-96, and furthered by musicians who played with him, including 5-string banjo player Earl Scruggs and guitarist Lester Flatt, or who simply admired the high-energy instrumental and vocal music Monroe's group created, and carried it on into new bands, some of which created subgenres (Progressive Bluegrass, Newgrass, Dawg Music etc.). Bluegrass is influenced by the music of Appalachia and other styles, including gospel and jazz.

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Bologna

Bologna (Bulåggna; Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna Region in Northern Italy.

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Bond (band)

Bond or BOND (formerly often typeset as bond in deference to the owners of the 007 trademark) is an Australian/British string quartet that specialises in classical crossover and synth-pop music.

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Bonjour Stradivarius

The Bonjour Stradivari cello was made by famous luthier Antonio Stradivari 1692.

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Bow (music)

In music, a bow is a tensioned stick with hair affixed to it that is moved across some part of a musical instrument to cause vibration, which the instrument emits as sound.

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Bow frog

The bow frog is the end part of a stringed musical instrument's bow that encloses the mechanism responsible for tightening and holding the bow hair ribbon.

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Brahms guitar

Commonly referred to as the cello-guitar, the Brahms guitar was invented in 1994 by classical guitarist Paul Galbraith in collaboration with the luthier David Rubio.

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Break of Reality

Break of Reality (BoR) is an American cello rock band consisting of three cellists and a percussionist.

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Brendon Urie

Brendon Boyd Urie (born April 12, 1987) is an American singer, songwriter, and musician, best known as the lead vocalist of Panic! at the Disco, of which he is the only original member remaining.

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Bridge (instrument)

A bridge is a device that supports the strings on a stringed musical instrument and transmits the vibration of those strings to another structural component of the instrument—typically a soundboard, such as the top of a guitar or violin—which transfers the sound to the surrounding air.

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Buxus

Buxus is a genus of about 70 species in the family Buxaceae.

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C (musical note)

C (Do, Do, C) is the first note of the C major scale, the third note of the A minor scale (the relative minor of C major), and the fourth note (F, A, B, C) of the Guidonian hand, commonly pitched around 261.63 Hz.

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Camille Saint-Saëns

Charles-Camille Saint-Saëns (9 October 183516 December 1921) was a French composer, organist, conductor and pianist of the Romantic era.

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Canada (band)

Canada is an American indie folk-pop music group from Ann Arbor, Michigan.

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Carbon fiber reinforced polymer

Carbon fiber reinforced polymer, carbon fiber reinforced plastic or carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic (CFRP, CRP, CFRTP or often simply carbon fiber, carbon composite or even carbon), is an extremely strong and light fiber-reinforced plastic which contains carbon fibers.

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Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach

Carl Philipp Emanuel Bach (8 March 1714 – 14 December 1788), also formerly spelled Karl Philipp Emmanuel Bach, was a German Classical period musician and composer, the fifth child and second (surviving) son of Johann Sebastian Bach and Maria Barbara Bach.

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Carlo Giuseppe Testore

Carlo Giuseppe Testore (c. 1665–1738) was an Italian luthier, who worked in his later life in Milan.

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Carlos Prieto (cellist)

Carlos Prieto (born 1937) is a Mexican cellist and writer.

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Catgut

Catgut is a type of cord that is prepared from the natural fibre found in the walls of animal intestines.

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César Franck

César-Auguste-Jean-Guillaume-Hubert Franck (10 December 1822 – 8 November 1890) was a composer, pianist, organist, and music teacher who worked in Paris during his adult life.

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Cello concerto

A cello concerto (sometimes called a violoncello concerto) is a concerto for solo cello with orchestra or, very occasionally, smaller groups of instruments.

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Cello Concerto (Dvořák)

The Cello Concerto in B minor, Op. 104, B. 191, is the last solo concerto by Antonín Dvořák.

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Cello Concerto (Elgar)

Edward Elgar's Cello Concerto in E minor, Op.

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Cello Concerto (Schumann)

The Cello Concerto in A minor, Op.

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Cello Concerto No. 1 (Haydn)

The Cello Concerto No.

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Cello Concerto No. 2 (Haydn)

Joseph Haydn's Concerto No.

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Cello Fury

Cello Fury is a chamber music group based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

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Cello sonata

A cello sonata is usually a sonata written for solo cello or small instrument ensemble.

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Cello Sonata (Franck/Delsart)

The setting for cello of César Franck's Violin Sonata in A major was the only alternative version sanctioned by Franck.

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Cello Suites (Bach)

The six Cello Suites, BWV 1007-1012, are suites for unaccompanied cello by Johann Sebastian Bach.

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Cello suites (Britten)

The cello suites by Benjamin Britten (Opp. 72, 80, and 87) are a series of three compositions for solo cello, dedicated to Mstislav Rostropovich.

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Cello Symphony (Britten)

The Symphony for Cello and Orchestra or Cello Symphony, Op. 68, was written in 1963 by the British composer Benjamin Britten.

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Chamber music

Chamber music is a form of classical music that is composed for a small group of instruments—traditionally a group that could fit in a palace chamber or a large room.

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Charles Mennégand

Charles Mennégand (19 June 1822 – 9 January 1885) was an eminent French luthier and a distinguished repairer of violins, violas, and cellos.

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Cher

Cher (born May 20, 1946 as Cherilyn Sarkisian, Շերիլին Սարգիսեան) is an American singer and actress.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Chordophone

A chordophone is a musical instrument that makes sound by way of a vibrating string or strings stretched between two points.

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Chromium

Chromium is a chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24.

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Circa

Circa, usually abbreviated c., ca. or ca (also circ. or cca.), means "approximately" in several European languages (and as a loanword in English), usually in reference to a date.

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Classical music

Classical music is art music produced or rooted in the traditions of Western culture, including both liturgical (religious) and secular music.

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Classical period (music)

The Classical period was an era of classical music between roughly 1730 to 1820, associated with the style of Haydn, Mozart and Beethoven.

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Claude Debussy

Achille-Claude Debussy (22 August 1862 – 25 March 1918) was a French composer.

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Clef

A clef (from French: clef "key") is a musical symbol used to indicate the pitch of written notes.

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Col legno

In music for bowed string instruments, col legno, or more precisely col legno battuto (Italian for "hit with the wood"), is an instruction to strike the string with the stick of the bow, rather than by drawing the hair of the bow across the strings.

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Cold Fairyland

Cold Fairyland is a Chinese rock music group based in Shanghai, China.

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Colosseum II

Colosseum II was a British progressive jazz-rock band formed in 1975 by former Colosseum drummer and bandleader Jon Hiseman, which featured guitarist Gary Moore.

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Concertmaster

The Concertmaster (from the German Konzertmeister) in the U.S. and Canada is the leader of the first violin section in an orchestra (or clarinet in a concert band) and the instrument-playing leader of the orchestra.

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Concerto

A concerto (plural concertos, or concerti from the Italian plural) is a musical composition usually composed in three movements, in which, usually, one solo instrument (for instance, a piano, violin, cello or flute) is accompanied by an orchestra or concert band.

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Conducting

Conducting is the art of directing a musical performance, such as an orchestral or choral concert.

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Cream (band)

Cream were a 1960s British rock power trio consisting of drummer Ginger Baker, guitarist/singer Eric Clapton and lead singer/bassist Jack Bruce.

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Curved bow

The curved bow for string instruments enables string players to control the tension of the bow hair in order to play one, two, three and four strings simultaneously and to change easily among these possibilities.

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Damien Rice

Damien Rice (born 7 December 1973) is an Irish singer-songwriter, musician and record producer.

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Dave Holland

Dave Holland (born 1 October 1946) is an English jazz double bassist, composer and bandleader who has been performing and recording for five decades.

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David Darling (musician)

David Darling (born March 3, 1941) is an American cellist and composer.

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David Tecchler

David Tecchler, sometimes also written Techler, Tekler, Deckler, Dechler, Decler, TecclerRené Vannes, Dictionnaire universel des luthiers, Bruxelles: Les Amis de la musique, 1951, p. 356 or Teckler, (1666–1748) was a German luthier, best known for his cellos and double basses.

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Davidov Stradivarius

The Davidov Stradivarius (also: Davidoff or Davydov; Давыдов), is an antique cello made in 1712 by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona, Italy.

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Dazed and Confused (song)

"Dazed and Confused" is a song written by American singer-songwriter Jake Holmes in 1967.

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Diaphragm (acoustics)

In the field of acoustics, a diaphragm is a transducer intended to inter-convert mechanical vibrations to sounds, or vice versa.

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Diedre Murray

Diedre Murray (born November 28, 1951, Brooklyn, New York) is an American cellist and composer specializing in jazz, improvised music, opera, and contemporary classical music.

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Dieter Schnebel

Dieter Schnebel (14 March 1930 – 20 May 2018) was a German composer, theologian and musicologist.

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Diminutive

A diminutive is a word that has been modified to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning, to convey the smallness of the object or quality named, or to convey a sense of intimacy or endearment.

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Disco

Disco is a musical style that emerged in the mid 1960s and early 1970s from America's urban nightlife scene, where it originated in house parties and makeshift discothèques, reaching its peak popularity between the mid-1970s and early 1980s.

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Dmitri Shostakovich

Dmitri Dmitriyevich Shostakovich (Дми́трий Дми́триевич Шостако́вич|Dmitriy Dmitrievich Shostakovich,; 9 August 1975) was a Russian composer and pianist.

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Domenico Montagnana

Domenico Montagnana (24 June 1686 – 6 March 1750) was an Italian master luthier based in Venice, Italy.

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Don Quixote (Strauss)

Don Quixote, Op.

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Double bass

The double bass, or simply the bass (and numerous other names), is the largest and lowest-pitched bowed string instrument in the modern symphony orchestra.

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Double Concerto (Brahms)

The Double Concerto in A minor, Op. 102, by Johannes Brahms is a concerto for violin, cello and orchestra.

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Double stop

In music, a double stop refers to the technique of playing two notes simultaneously on a bowed stringed instrument such as a violin, a viola, a cello, or a double bass.

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Duchess Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel

Anna Amalia of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel (24 October 173910 April 1807), was a German princess and composer.

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Duport Stradivarius

The Duport Stradivarius is a cello made in 1711 by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona.

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Ebony

Ebony is a dense black hardwood, most commonly yielded by several different species in the genus Diospyros, which also contains the persimmons.

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Edvard Grieg

Edvard Hagerup Grieg (15 June 18434 September 1907) was a Norwegian composer and pianist.

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Edward Elgar

Sir Edward William Elgar, 1st Baronet (2 June 1857 – 23 February 1934) was an English composer, many of whose works have entered the British and international classical concert repertoire.

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Eleanor Rigby

"Eleanor Rigby" is a song by the Beatles, released on the 1966 album Revolver and as a 45 rpm single.

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Electric cello

The electric cello is a type of cello that relies on electronic amplification (rather than acoustic resonance) to produce sound.

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Electric guitar

An electric guitar is a guitar that uses one or more pickups to convert the vibration of its strings into electrical signals.

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Electric Light Orchestra

The Electric Light Orchestra (ELO) are an English rock band formed in Birmingham in 1970, by songwriters/multi-instrumentalists Jeff Lynne and Roy Wood with drummer Bev Bevan.

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Elliott Carter

Elliott Cook Carter Jr. (December 11, 1908 – November 5, 2012) was an American composer who was twice awarded the Pulitzer Prize.

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Endpin

The endpin or spike is the component of a cello or double bass that makes contact with the floor to support the instrument's weight.

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Erik Friedlander

Erik Friedlander is an American cellist and composer based in New York City.

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Ernest Bloch

Ernest Bloch (July 24, 1880 – July 15, 1959) was a Swiss-born American composer.

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Ernst Reijseger

Ernst Reijseger (born 13 November 1954) is a Dutch cellist and composer.

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Ethel Smyth

Dame Ethel Mary Smyth, DBE (to rhyme with Forsyth; 22 April 18588 May 1944) was an English composer and a member of the women's suffrage movement.

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Eugène Ysaÿe

Eugène Ysaÿe (16 July 185812 May 1931) was a Belgian violinist, composer and conductor.

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Fanny Mendelssohn

Fanny Mendelssohn (14 November 1805 – 14 May 1847), later Fanny Mendelssohn Bartholdy and, after her marriage, Fanny Hensel, was a German pianist and composer.

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Felix Mendelssohn

Jakob Ludwig Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy (3 February 1809 4 November 1847), born and widely known as Felix Mendelssohn, was a German composer, pianist, organist and conductor of the early romantic period.

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Figured bass

Figured bass, or thoroughbass, is a kind of musical notation in which numerals and symbols (often accidentals) indicate intervals, chords, and non-chord tones that a musician playing piano, harpsichord, organ, lute (or other instruments capable of playing chords) play in relation to the bass note that these numbers and symbols appear above or below.

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Fingerboard

The fingerboard (also known as a fretboard on fretted instruments) is an important component of most stringed instruments.

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Floyd Collins (musical)

Floyd Collins is a musical with music and lyrics by Adam Guettel, and book by Tina Landau.

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Folk music

Folk music includes both traditional music and the genre that evolved from it during the 20th century folk revival.

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Foxtrot (album)

Foxtrot is the fourth studio album by the English progressive rock band Genesis, released in October 1972 on Charisma Records.

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Francesca Caccini

Francesca Caccini (18 September 1587 – after 1641) was an Italian composer, singer, lutenist, poet, and music teacher of the early Baroque era.

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Francesco Rugeri

Francesco Rugeri (Cremona, c1628 – 28 October 1698) (also known as Ruger, Rugier, Rugeri, Ruggeri, Ruggieri, Ruggerius) was the first of an important family of violin makers.

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Francis Poulenc

Francis Jean Marcel Poulenc (7 January 189930 January 1963) was a French composer and pianist.

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Franz Schubert

Franz Peter Schubert (31 January 179719 November 1828) was an Austrian composer of the late Classical and early Romantic eras.

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Fratres

Fratres (Brothers) is a composition by the Estonian composer Arvo Pärt exemplifying his tintinnabuli style of composition.

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Frédéric Chopin

Frédéric François Chopin (1 March 181017 October 1849) was a Polish composer and virtuoso pianist of the Romantic era who wrote primarily for solo piano.

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Fred Katz (cellist)

Frederick Katz (February 25, 1919 – September 7, 2013) was an American cellist and composer.

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Fred Lonberg-Holm

Fred Lonberg-Holm (born 1 October 1962 in Delaware) is an American cellist based in Chicago.

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Gabriel Fauré

Gabriel Urbain Fauré (12 May 1845 – 4 November 1924) was a French composer, organist, pianist and teacher.

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Gaspar Cassadó

Gaspar Cassadó i Moreu (30 September 1897 – 24 December 1966) was a Spanish cellist and composer of the early 20th century.

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Genesis (band)

Genesis were an English rock band formed at Charterhouse School, Godalming, Surrey in 1967.

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Georg Philipp Telemann

Georg Philipp Telemann (– 25 June 1767) was a German Baroque composer and multi-instrumentalist.

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Gioachino Rossini

Gioachino Antonio Rossini (29 February 1792 – 13 November 1868) was an Italian composer who wrote 39 operas as well as some sacred music, songs, chamber music, and piano pieces.

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Giovanni Battista Guadagnini

Giovanni Battista Guadagnini (or "G. B. Guadagnini"); (23 June 1711 – 18 September 1786) was an Italian luthier, regarded as one of the finest craftsmen of string instruments in history.

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Giovanni Battista Rogeri

Giovanni Battista Rogeri (ca. 1642 – ca. 1710) was an Italian luthier, who for much of his mature life worked in Brescia.

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Giuseppe Guarneri

Bartolomeo Giuseppe Antonio Guarneri, del Gesù (21 August 1698 – 17 October 1744) was an Italian luthier from the Guarneri family of Cremona.

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Giuseppe Verdi

Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (9 or 10 October 1813 – 27 January 1901) was an Italian opera composer.

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Glissando

In music, a glissando (plural: glissandi, abbreviated gliss.) is a glide from one pitch to another.

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Good Vibrations

"Good Vibrations" is a song composed by Brian Wilson with words by Mike Love for the American rock band the Beach Boys, of which both were members.

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Grażyna Bacewicz

Grażyna Bacewicz (5 February 1909 – 17 January 1969) was a Polish composer and violinist.

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Gregor Piatigorsky

Gregor Piatigorsky (Russian: Григо́рий Па́влович Пятиго́рский, Grigoriy Pavlovich Pyatigorskiy; August 6, 1976) was a Ukrainian-born American cellist.

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György Ligeti

György Sándor Ligeti (Ligeti György Sándor,; 28 May 1923 – 12 June 2006) was a Hungarian-Austrian composer of contemporary classical music.

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Han-na Chang

Han-Na Chang (Korean: 장한나; born December 23, 1982) is a South Korean conductor and cellist.

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Harmonic

A harmonic is any member of the harmonic series, a divergent infinite series.

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Harmonic series (music)

A harmonic series is the sequence of sounds—pure tones, represented by sinusoidal waves—in which the frequency of each sound is an integer multiple of the fundamental, the lowest frequency.

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Harpsichord

A harpsichord is a musical instrument played by means of a keyboard which activates a row of levers that in turn trigger a mechanism that plucks one or more strings with a small plectrum.

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Harry Babasin

Yervant Harry Babasin, Jr. (19 March 1921 – 21 May 1988) was an American jazz bassist.

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Heitor Villa-Lobos

Heitor Villa-Lobos (March 5, 1887November 17, 1959) was a Brazilian composer, described as "the single most significant creative figure in 20th-century Brazilian art music".

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Henri Dutilleux

Henri Dutilleux (22 January 1916 – 22 May 2013) was a French composer active mainly in the second half of the 20th century.

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Hildur Guðnadóttir

Hildur Ingveldardóttir Guðnadóttir (born 4 September 1982) is a classically trained Icelandic cellist who has played and recorded with the bands Pan Sonic, Throbbing Gristle and Múm, as well as her solo project Lost in Hildurness.

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Hip hop

Hip hop, or hip-hop, is a subculture and art movement developed in the Bronx in New York City during the late 1970s.

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Horsehair

Horsehair is the long, coarse hair growing on the manes and tails of horses.

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Iannis Xenakis

Iannis Xenakis (Greek: Γιάννης (Ιάννης) Ξενάκης; 29 May 1922 – 4 February 2001) was a Romanian-born, Greek-French composer, music theorist, architect, and engineer.

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Icelanders

Icelanders (Íslendingar) are a Germanic ethnic group and nation, native to Iceland, mostly speaking the Germanic language Icelandic.

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Igor Stravinsky

Igor Fyodorovich Stravinsky (ˈiɡərʲ ˈfʲɵdərəvʲɪtɕ strɐˈvʲinskʲɪj; 6 April 1971) was a Russian-born composer, pianist, and conductor.

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Indian classical music

Indian classical music is a genre of South Asian music.

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Intonation (music)

Intonation, in music, is a musician's realization of pitch accuracy, or the pitch accuracy of a musical instrument.

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Italian language

Italian (or lingua italiana) is a Romance language.

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Jack Bruce

John Symon Asher "Jack" Bruce (14 May 1943 – 25 October 2014) was a Scottish musician, singer and songwriter known primarily for his contributions to the British supergroup Cream, which also included the guitarist-singer Eric Clapton and the drummer Ginger Baker.

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Jacqueline du Pré

Jacqueline Mary du Pré, OBE (26 January 1945 – 19 October 1987) was a British cellist.

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Jacques Offenbach

Jacques Offenbach (20 June 1819 – 5 October 1880) was a German-born French composer, cellist and impresario of the romantic period.

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James (band)

James are an English rock band from Manchester, which was formed in 1982 and enjoyed popularity throughout the 1990s.

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Jan Brueghel the Elder

Jan Brueghel the Elder (also Breughel;; 1568 – 13 January 1625) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman.

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Jazz

Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and developed from roots in blues and ragtime.

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Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume

Jean-Baptiste Vuillaume (7 October 1798 – 19 March 1875) was a French luthier, businessman, inventor and winner of many awards.

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Joaquín Rodrigo

Joaquín Rodrigo Vidre, 1st Marquis of the Gardens of Aranjuez (22 November 1901 – 6 July 1999), commonly known as Joaquín Rodrigo, was a Spanish composer and a virtuoso pianist.

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Johann Sebastian Bach

Johann Sebastian Bach (28 July 1750) was a composer and musician of the Baroque period, born in the Duchy of Saxe-Eisenach.

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Johannes Brahms

Johannes Brahms (7 May 1833 – 3 April 1897) was a German composer and pianist of the Romantic period.

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John Cage

John Milton Cage Jr. (September 5, 1912 – August 12, 1992) was an American composer and music theorist.

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Joseph Haydn

(Franz) Joseph HaydnSee Haydn's name.

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Josephine van Lier

Josephine van Lier (born 1968, in the Netherlands) is a performing cellist specialized in both baroque and contemporary cello residing in Canada.

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Jules Delsart

Jules Delsart (24 November 1844 – 3 July 1900)MacGregor, "Jules Delsart", was a 19th-century French cellist and teacher.

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Julian Armour

Julian Armour, (born 29 September 1960 in Missoula, MT) is a Canadian cellist and artistic director.

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Julian Lloyd Webber

Julian Lloyd Webber (born 14 April 1951) is a British cellist, conductor and the principal of the Royal Birmingham Conservatoire.

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Keyboard instrument

A keyboard instrument is a musical instrument played using a keyboard, a row of levers which are pressed by the fingers.

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Kol Nidrei (Bruch)

Kol Nidrei, Op.

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Kronos Quartet

The Kronos Quartet is an American string quartet based in San Francisco.

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Krzysztof Penderecki

Krzysztof Eugeniusz Penderecki (born 23 November 1933) is a Polish composer and conductor.

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Legato

In music performance and notation, legato (Italian for "tied together"; French lié; German gebunden) indicates that musical notes are played or sung smoothly and connected.

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Lindsay Mac

Lindsay Mac is a singer/songwriter/cellist raised in Iowa City, Iowa and based in Cambridge, Massachusetts.

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Lira da braccio

The lira da braccio (or lyra de bracioMichael Praetorius. Syntagma Musicum Theatrum Instrumentorum seu Sciagraphia Wolfenbüttel 1620) was a European bowed string instrument of the Renaissance.

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List of cellists

A person who plays the cello is called a cellist.

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List of compositions for cello and orchestra

This is a list of musical compositions for cello and orchestra ordered by their authors' surnames.

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List of compositions for cello and organ

This is a compilation of pieces for cello and pipe organ.

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List of compositions for cello and piano

This is a list of compositions for cello and piano.

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List of double concertos for violin and cello

This is a list of musical compositions for violin, cello and orchestra, ordered by surname of composer Please see the related entries for concerto, cello and cello concerto for discussion of typical forms and topics.

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List of solo cello pieces

This is a list of notable solo cello pieces.

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List of triple concertos for violin, cello, and piano

A triple concerto is a concerto for three solo instruments and orchestra.

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Luciano Berio

Luciano Berio, Cavaliere di Gran Croce OMRI (October 24, 1925 – May 27, 2003) was an Italian composer.

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Lucio Amanti

Lucio Franco Amanti (born November 14, 1977) is an Italian cellist and composer.

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Ludwig van Beethoven

Ludwig van Beethoven (baptised 17 December 1770Beethoven was baptised on 17 December. His date of birth was often given as 16 December and his family and associates celebrated his birthday on that date, and most scholars accept that he was born on 16 December; however there is no documentary record of his birth.26 March 1827) was a German composer and pianist.

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Luigi Boccherini

Ridolfo Luigi Boccherini (February 19, 1743 – May 28, 1805) was an Italian composer and cellist of the Classical era whose music retained a courtly and "galante" style even while he matured somewhat apart from the major European musical centers.

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Luigi Colani

Luigi Colani (born Lutz Colani 2 August 1928), is a German industrial designer of Kurdish descent.

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Luis and Clark

Luis and Clark, or L&C, is a small, family run company that sells carbon fiber stringed instruments invented and designed by cellist Luis Leguía (Louie) of the Boston Symphony Orchestra.

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Lute

A lute is any plucked string instrument with a neck (either fretted or unfretted) and a deep round back enclosing a hollow cavity, usually with a sound hole or opening in the body.

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Luthier

A luthier is someone who builds or repairs string instruments generally consisting of a neck and a sound box.

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Malcolm Arnold

Sir Malcolm Henry Arnold, CBE (21 October 1921 – 23 September 2006) was an English composer.

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Maple

Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple.

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Mario Brunello

Mario Brunello (born 1960) is an Italian cellist and musician.

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Marion Bauer

Marion Eugénie Bauer (15 August 1882 – 9 August 1955) was an American composer, teacher, writer, and music critic.

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Massive Violins

The Massive Violins are a musical ensemble of singing cellists.

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Matteo Goffriller

Matteo Goffriller (1659–1742) was a Venetian luthier, particularly noted for the quality of his cellos.

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Max Bruch

Max Christian Friedrich Bruch (6 January 1838–2 October 1920), also known as Max Karl August Bruch, was a German Romantic composer and conductor who wrote over 200 works, including three violin concertos, the first of which has become a staple of the violin repertory.

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Medieval Latin

Medieval Latin was the form of Latin used in the Middle Ages, primarily as a medium of scholarly exchange, as the liturgical language of Chalcedonian Christianity and the Roman Catholic Church, and as a language of science, literature, law, and administration.

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Metallica

Metallica is an American heavy metal band.

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Metronome

A metronome, from ancient Greek μέτρον (métron, "measure") and νέμω (némo, "I manage", "I lead"), is a device that produces an audible click or other sound at a regular interval that can be set by the user, typically in beats per minute (BPM).

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Michael Bach (musician)

Michael Bach (born 17 April 1958 in Worms, Germany), also known as Michael Bach Bachtischa, is a German cellist, composer, and visual artist.

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Michel Corrette

Michel Corrette (10 April 1707 – 21 January 1795) was a French organist, composer and author of musical method books.

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Mike Rutherford

Michael John Cloete Crawford Rutherford (born 2 October 1950) is an English songwriter and musician.

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Mischa Maisky

Mischa Maisky (Miša Maiskis, מישה מייסקי; born January 10, 1948 in Riga, Soviet Union (now Latvia)) is a Soviet-born Israeli cellist.

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Mstislav Rostropovich

Mstislav Leopoldovich "Slava" Rostropovich (Мстисла́в Леопо́льдович Ростропо́вич, Mstislav Leopol'dovič Rostropovič,; 27 March 192727 April 2007) was a Soviet and Russian cellist and conductor.

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My Life with Albertine

My Life with Albertine is a musical with music and lyrics by Ricky Ian Gordon and book and lyrics Richard Nelson.

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Nabucco

Nabucco (short for Nabucodonosor ~, English Nebuchadnezzar) is an Italian-language opera in four acts composed in 1841 by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera.

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Natalie Haas

Natalie Haas is an American cellist, originally from Menlo Park, California.

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National Music Museum

The National Music Museum: America's Shrine to Music & Center for Study of the History of Musical Instruments (NMM) is a musical instrument museum in Vermillion, South Dakota, United States.

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Ne-Yo

Shaffer Chimere Smith (born October 18, 1982), known professionally as Ne-Yo, is an American singer, songwriter, record producer, dancer, and actor.

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New Music USA

New Music USA is a new music organization formed by the merging of the American Music Center with Meet The Composer on November 8, 2011.

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Nicola Amati

Nicola Amati or Nicolò or Nicolao (3 December 1596–12 April 1684) was an Italian Master Luthier from Cremona, Italy.

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Nicolò Gagliano

Nicolò Gagliano (active. c. 1730s – 1787 in Naples), although there is some discussion about the exact dates) (also known as Nicolo, Nicola or Nicolaus Gagliano - also sometimes known as Nicolò I, to differentiate him from Nicolò II, his grandson), was an Italian violin-maker, the eldest son of Alessandro Gagliano. He made many admirable instruments, often imitated. Some have been mistaken for those of Stradivari. Nicolò was a more prolific maker than his brother Gennaro (Januarius). Nicolò and Gennaro are considered the greatest luthiers in the Gagliano family and the pinnacle of Neapolitan violin-making. Although Nicolò's work is not always entirely consistent in quality, it often shows great distinction. His instruments have bold and well-proportioned archings, with the instrument scrolls having a distinctive elongated pegbox and small tight spiral. He often placed a small label with a religious dedication inside his instruments. Nicolò Gagliano had four sons, all makers — Ferdinando, Giuseppe (Joseph), Antonio, and Giovanni. Giuseppe's three sons Raffaele, Antonio and Nicolò (II) were also violin makers and carried the family's violin-making tradition into the middle of the 19th century. Typical labels: Nicolaii Gagliano fecit in Napoli 1711 Nicolaus Gagliano filius Alexandri fecit Neap. 1732.

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Nikolai Myaskovsky

Nikolai Yakovlevich Myaskovsky or Miaskovsky or Miaskowsky (Никола́й Я́ковлевич Мяско́вский; – 8 August 1950), PAU, was a Russian and Soviet composer.

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Nikolaus Kraft

Nikolaus Kraft (14 December 1778, Eszterháza, Hungary - 18 May 1853, Cheb, Bohemia) was an Austrian cellist and composer (six cello concertos).

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Nirvana (band)

Nirvana was an American rock band formed by lead singer and guitarist Kurt Cobain and bassist Krist Novoselic in Aberdeen, Washington, in 1987.

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Nomos Alpha

Nomos Alpha (Νόμος α΄) is a piece for solo cello composed by Iannis Xenakis in 1965, commissioned by Radio Bremen for cellist Siegfried Palm, and dedicated to mathematicians Aristoxenus of Tarentum, Évariste Galois, and Felix Klein.

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Nut (string instrument)

A nut, on a stringed musical instrument, is a small piece of hard material that supports the strings at the end closest to the headstock or scroll.

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Oasis (band)

Oasis were an English rock band formed in Manchester in 1991.

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Octave

In music, an octave (octavus: eighth) or perfect octave is the interval between one musical pitch and another with half or double its frequency.

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Ogg

Ogg is a free, open container format maintained by the Xiph.Org Foundation.

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Olivier Messiaen

Olivier Eugène Prosper Charles Messiaen (December 10, 1908 – April 27, 1992) was a French composer, organist, and ornithologist, one of the major composers of the 20th century.

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OneRepublic

OneRepublic is an American pop rock band formed in Colorado Springs, Colorado in 2002 consisting of lead vocalist Ryan Tedder, guitarist Zach Filkins, guitarist Drew Brown, bassist and cellist Brent Kutzle, and drummer Eddie Fisher.

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Orchestra

An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which mixes instruments from different families, including bowed string instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass, as well as brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments, each grouped in sections.

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Organ (music)

In music, the organ (from Greek ὄργανον organon, "organ, instrument, tool") is a keyboard instrument of one or more pipe divisions or other means for producing tones, each played with its own keyboard, played either with the hands on a keyboard or with the feet using pedals.

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Oscar Pettiford

Oscar Pettiford (September 30, 1922 – September 8, 1960) was an American jazz double bassist, cellist and composer.

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Overtone

An overtone is any frequency greater than the fundamental frequency of a sound.

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Pablo Casals

Pau Casals i Defilló (Catalan:; 29 December 187622 October 1973), usually known in English as Pablo Casals,, The New York Times, 1911-04-09, retrieved 2009-08-01 was a cellist, composer, and conductor from Catalonia, Spain.

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Paganini Quartet

The Paganini Quartet was a virtuoso string quartet founded by its first violinist, Henri Temianka, in 1946.

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Panic! at the Disco

Panic! at the Disco is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada, formed in 2004 by childhood friends Brendon Urie, Ryan Ross, Spencer Smith and Brent Wilson.

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Paubrasilia

Paubrasilia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.

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Paul Hindemith

Paul Hindemith (16 November 1895 – 28 December 1963) was a prolific German composer, violist, violinist, teacher and conductor.

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Perfect fifth

In music theory, a perfect fifth is the musical interval corresponding to a pair of pitches with a frequency ratio of 3:2, or very nearly so.

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Philibert Jambe de Fer

Philibert Jambe de Fer (fl. 1548–1564) was a French Renaissance composer of religious music.

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Philip Glass

Philip Glass (born January 31, 1937) is an American composer.

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Phillip Phillips

Phillip LaDon Phillips Jr. (born September 20, 1990) Note: An inaccurate birthdate (Sept. 29, 1990) and birthplace (Leesburg, Georgia) appear in is an American singer and songwriter who won the eleventh season of American Idol on May 23, 2012.

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Piano

The piano is an acoustic, stringed musical instrument invented in Italy by Bartolomeo Cristofori around the year 1700 (the exact year is uncertain), in which the strings are struck by hammers.

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Pierre Boulez

Pierre Louis Joseph Boulez CBE (26 March 1925 – 5 January 2016) was a French composer, conductor, writer and founder of institutions.

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Pink Floyd

Pink Floyd were an English rock band formed in London in 1965.

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Pinophyta

The Pinophyta, also known as Coniferophyta or Coniferae, or commonly as conifers, are a division of vascular land plants containing a single extant class, Pinopsida.

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Pipa

The pipa is a four-stringed Chinese musical instrument, belonging to the plucked category of instruments.

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Pipe organ

The pipe organ is a musical instrument that produces sound by driving pressurized air (called wind) through organ pipes selected via a keyboard.

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Pizzicato

Pizzicato (pizzicato, translated as pinched, and sometimes roughly as plucked) is a playing technique that involves plucking the strings of a string instrument.

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Plastic

Plastic is material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and so can be molded into solid objects.

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Plywood

Plywood is a sheet material manufactured from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another.

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Pop music

Pop music is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form in the United States and United Kingdom during the mid-1950s.

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Popular music

Popular music is music with wide appeal that is typically distributed to large audiences through the music industry.

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Populus

Populus is a genus of 25–35 species of deciduous flowering plants in the family Salicaceae, native to most of the Northern Hemisphere.

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Post-rock

Post-rock is a form of experimental rock characterized by use of rock instruments primarily to explore textures and timbre rather than traditional song structure, chords or riffs.

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Progressive rock

Progressive rock (shortened as prog; sometimes called art rock, classical rock or symphonic rock) is a broad genre of rock music that developed in the United Kingdom and United States throughout the mid to late 1960s.

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Psychedelia

Psychedelia is the subculture, originating in the 1960s, of people who often use psychedelic drugs such as LSD, mescaline (found in peyote) and psilocybin (found in some mushrooms).

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Purfling

Purfling is a narrow decorative edge inlaid into the top plate and often the back plate of a stringed instrument.

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Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky

Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky Often "Peter Ilich Tchaikovsky" in English.

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Rasputina (band)

Rasputina is an American, cello-driven band based in New York City, that is known for their unconventional and quirky music style, as well as their fascination with historical allegories and fashion, especially those pertaining to the Victorian era.

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Raya Garbousova

Raya Garbousova (Ра́я Га́рбузова; September 25, 1909 – January 28, 1997) was a cellist and teacher.

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Rebec

The rebec (sometimes rebecha, rebeckha, and other spellings, pronounced or) is a bowed stringed instrument of the Medieval era and the early Renaissance era.

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Resin

In polymer chemistry and materials science, resin is a "solid or highly viscous substance" of plant or synthetic origin that is typically convertible into polymers.

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Rhythm and blues

Rhythm and blues, commonly abbreviated as R&B, is a genre of popular music that originated in African American communities in the 1940s.

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Richard Strauss

Richard Georg Strauss (11 June 1864 – 8 September 1949) was a leading German composer of the late Romantic and early modern eras.

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Rihanna

Robyn Rihanna Fenty (born 20 February 1988) is a Barbadian singer, songwriter, actress, and businesswoman.

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Robert Schumann

Robert Schumann (8 June 181029 July 1856) was a German composer and an influential music critic.

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Rock music

Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as "rock and roll" in the United States in the early 1950s, and developed into a range of different styles in the 1960s and later, particularly in the United Kingdom and in the United States.

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Romantic music

Romantic music is a period of Western classical music that began in the late 18th or early 19th century.

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Ron Carter

Ronald Levin "Ron" Carter (born May 4, 1937) is an American jazz double bassist.

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Rosewood

Rosewood refers to any of a number of richly hued timbers, often brownish with darker veining, but found in many different hues.

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Rosin

Rosin, also called colophony or Greek pitch (pix græca), is a solid form of resin obtained from pines and some other plants, mostly conifers, produced by heating fresh liquid resin to vaporize the volatile liquid terpene components.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Samuel Barber

Samuel Osborne Barber II (March 9, 1910 – January 23, 1981) was an American composer of orchestral, opera, choral, and piano music.

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Saskia Rao-de Haas

Saskia Rao-de Haas (born 1971) is a virtuoso cellist and composer from the Netherlands based in New Delhi, India.

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Scale length (string instruments)

When referring to stringed instruments, the scale length (often simply called the "scale") is the maximum vibrating length of the strings that produce sound, and determines the range of tones that string can produce at a given tension.

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Schelomo

Schelomo: Rhapsodie Hébraïque for Violoncello and Orchestra was the final work of composer Ernest Bloch’s “Jewish Cycle.” Schelomo, which was written in 1915 to 1916 premiered on May 3, 1917, by cellist Hans Kindler.

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Scientific pitch notation

Scientific pitch notation (or SPN, also known as American Standard Pitch Notation (ASPN) and International Pitch Notation (IPN)) is a method of specifying musical pitch by combining a musical note name (with accidental if needed) and a number identifying the pitch's octave.

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Scordatura

Scordatura (literally Italian for "mistuning"), is a tuning of a stringed instrument different from the normal, standard tuning.

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Screamo

Screamo (also referred to as skramz) is an aggressive style of emo that emerged in the early 1990s, combining musical intensity with "willfully experimental dissonance and dynamics."Jason Heller, "Feast of Reason".

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Scroll (music)

A scroll is the decoratively carved beginning of the neck of certain stringed instruments, mainly members of the violin family.

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Sergei Prokofiev

Sergei Sergeyevich Prokofiev (r; 27 April 1891 – 5 March 1953) was a Russian Soviet composer, pianist and conductor.

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Sergei Rachmaninoff

Sergei Vasilyevich Rachmaninoff (28 March 1943) was a Russian pianist, composer, and conductor of the late Romantic period, some of whose works are among the most popular in the Romantic repertoire.

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Servais Stradivarius

The Servais Stradivarius is an antique cello crafted in 1701 by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona (1644–1737).

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Shanghai

Shanghai (Wu Chinese) is one of the four direct-controlled municipalities of China and the most populous city proper in the world, with a population of more than 24 million.

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Sherry Turkle

Sherry Turkle (born June 18, 1948) is the Abby Rockefeller Mauzé Professor of the Social Studies of Science and Technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

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Shubhendra Rao

Shubhendra Rao is a composer and sitar player who is ranked amongst the top soloists of India.

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Siberia

Siberia (a) is an extensive geographical region, and by the broadest definition is also known as North Asia.

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Siegfried Palm

Siegfried Palm (25 April 1927 – 6 June 2005) was a German cellist who is known worldwide for his interpretations of contemporary music.

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Sight-reading

Sight-reading, also called a prima vista (Italian meaning "at first sight"), is the reading and performing of a piece of music or song in music notation that the performer has not seen before.

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Sigur Rós

Sigur Rós is an Icelandic avant-rock band from Reykjavík, who have been active since 1994.

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Six sonatas for various instruments

The Six sonatas for various instruments by Claude Debussy (1862–1918) was a projected cycle of sonatas, that were interrupted by his death in 1918, after only having composed half of the projected sonatas.

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Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution, established on August 10, 1846 "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge," is a group of museums and research centers administered by the Government of the United States.

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Sonata for Solo Cello (Kodály)

The Hungarian composer Zoltán Kodály wrote his Sonata in B minor for solo cello, Op.

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Sonata for Solo Cello (Ligeti)

The Sonata for Solo Cello is an unaccompanied cello sonata written by György Ligeti between 1948 and 1953.

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Soo Bae

Soo Bae (born Apr 1977) is a Korean-Canadian cellist who currently lives in New York.

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Sound hole

A sound hole is an opening in the body of a stringed musical instrument, usually the upper sound board.

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Sound post

In a string instrument, the sound post or soundpost is a dowel inside the instrument under the treble end of the bridge, spanning the space between the top and back plates and held in place by friction.

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South Dakota

South Dakota is a U.S. state in the Midwestern region of the United States.

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Sparrow Quartet

The Sparrow Quartet is an American acoustic music group that formed in 2005.

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Spiccato

Spiccato is a bowing technique for string instruments in which the bow appears to bounce lightly upon the string.

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Spring Awakening (musical)

Spring Awakening is a rock musical with music by Duncan Sheik and a book and lyrics by Steven Sater.

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Spruce

A spruce is a tree of the genus Picea, a genus of about 35 species of coniferous evergreen trees in the family Pinaceae, found in the northern temperate and boreal (taiga) regions of the Earth.

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Staccato

Staccato (Italian for "detached") is a form of musical articulation.

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Steel

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and other elements.

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Stefano Scarampella

Stefano Scarampella (1843 &ndash) was an Italian violin and cello maker.

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Stradivarius

A Stradivarius is one of the violins, violas, cellos and other string instruments built by members of the Italian family Stradivari, particularly Antonio Stradivari (Latin: Antonius Stradivarius), during the 17th and 18th centuries.

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Strawberry Fields Forever

"Strawberry Fields Forever" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles.

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String (music)

A string is the vibrating element that produces sound in string instruments such as the guitar, harp, piano (piano wire), and members of the violin family.

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String instrument

String instruments, stringed instruments, or chordophones are musical instruments that produce sound from vibrating strings when the performer plays or sounds the strings in some manner.

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String instrument repertoire

This is a list of pages with repertoire for stringed instruments.

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String orchestra

A string orchestra is an orchestra consisting solely of a string section made up of the bowed strings used in Western Classical music.

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String quartet

A string quartet is a musical ensemble of four string players – two violin players, a viola player and a cellist – or a piece written to be performed by such a group.

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String quintet

A string quintet is a musical composition for five string players.

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String section

The string section is composed of bowed instruments belonging to the violin family.

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String sextet

In classical music, a string sextet is a composition written for six string instruments, or a group of six musicians who perform such a composition.

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String trio

A string trio is a group of three string instruments or a piece written for such a group.

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Symphonic poem

A symphonic poem or tone poem is a piece of orchestral music, usually in a single continuous movement, which illustrates or evokes the content of a poem, short story, novel, painting, landscape, or other (non-musical) source.

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Symphony-Concerto (Prokofiev)

Sergei Prokofiev's Symphony-Concerto in E minor, Op.

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System of a Down

System of a Down, sometimes abbreviated as SOAD or colloquially referred to as System, is an heavy metal band from Glendale, California, formed in 1994.

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Tailpiece

A tailpiece is a component on many stringed musical instruments that anchors one end of the strings, usually opposite the end with the tuning mechanism (the scroll, headstock, peghead, etc.).

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Talk Talk

Talk Talk were an English rock band formed in 1981, led by Mark Hollis (vocals, guitar, piano), Lee Harris (drums), and Paul Webb (bass).

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Tempo

In musical terminology, tempo ("time" in Italian; plural: tempi) is the speed or pace of a given piece.

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The Auteurs

The Auteurs were a British alternative rock band of the 1990s, and a vehicle for songwriter Luke Haines (guitar, piano and vocals).

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The Avett Brothers

The Avett Brothers are an American folk rock band from Concord, North Carolina.

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The Beach Boys

The Beach Boys are an American rock band formed in Hawthorne, California, in 1961.

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The Beatles

The Beatles were an English rock band formed in Liverpool in 1960.

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The Last Five Years

The Last Five Years is a musical written by Jason Robert Brown.

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The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians

The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians is an encyclopedic dictionary of music and musicians.

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The Polyphonic Spree

The Polyphonic Spree is an American choral rock band from Dallas, Texas that was formed in 2000 by Tim DeLaughter.

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The Smashing Pumpkins

The Smashing Pumpkins (or Smashing Pumpkins) are an American alternative rock band from Chicago, Illinois.

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The Stiletto Formal

The Stiletto Formal was a self-proclaimed "eccentric rock and roll" band from Phoenix, Arizona, and were one of the few rock bands featuring a cello and other exotic instruments and effects as an integral part of their sound.

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The Well-Tempered Clavier

The Well-Tempered Clavier, BWV 846–893, is a collection of two sets of preludes and fugues in all 24 major and minor keys, composed for solo keyboard by Johann Sebastian Bach.

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Theorbo

The theorbo is a plucked string instrument of the lute family, with an extended neck and a second pegbox.

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Thumb position

In music performance and education, thumb position, not a traditional position, is a string instrument playing technique used to facilitate playing in the upper register of the double bass, cello, and related instruments, such as the electric upright bass.

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Titanium

Titanium is a chemical element with symbol Ti and atomic number 22.

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Tod Machover

Tod Machover (born November 24, 1953 in Mount Vernon, New York), is a composer and an innovator in the application of technology in music.

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Tokyo String Quartet

The was an international string quartet that operated from 1969 to 2013.

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Tom Cora

Thomas Henry Corra (September 14, 1953 – April 9, 1998), better known as Tom Cora, was an American cellist and composer, best known for his improvisational performances in the field of experimental jazz and rock.

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Tout un monde lointain...

Tout un monde lointain... (A whole distant world...) is a concertante work for cello and orchestra composed by Henri Dutilleux between 1967 and 1970 for Mstislav Rostropovich.

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Triple Concerto (Beethoven)

Ludwig van Beethoven's Concerto for Violin, Cello, and Piano in C major, Op.

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Tuning peg

A tuning peg is used to hold a string in the pegbox of a stringed instrument.

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Variations (Andrew Lloyd Webber album)

Variations is a classical and rock fusion album.

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Variations on a Rococo Theme

The Variations on a Rococo Theme, Op.

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Vibrato

Vibrato (Italian, from past participle of "vibrare", to vibrate) is a musical effect consisting of a regular, pulsating change of pitch.

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Viol

The viol, viola da gamba, or (informally) gamba, is any one of a family of bowed, fretted and stringed instruments with hollow wooden bodies and pegboxes where the tension on the strings can be increased or decreased to adjust the pitch of each of the strings.

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Viola

The viola is a string instrument that is bowed or played with varying techniques.

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Violin

The violin, also known informally as a fiddle, is a wooden string instrument in the violin family.

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Violin family

The violin family of musical instruments was developed in Italy in the 16th century.

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Violone

The term violone (literally "large viol" in Italian, "-one" being the augmentative suffix) can refer to several distinct large, bowed musical instruments which belong to either the viol or violin family.

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Virtuoso

A virtuoso (from Italian virtuoso or, "virtuous", Late Latin virtuosus, Latin virtus, "virtue", "excellence", "skill", or "manliness") is an individual who possesses outstanding technical ability in a particular art or field such as fine arts, music, singing, playing a musical instrument, or composition.

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Vyvienne Long

Vyvienne Long is a musician from Co.

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Wheels of Fire

Wheels of Fire is the third album by the British rock band Cream.

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William Tell Overture

The William Tell Overture is the overture to the opera William Tell (original French title Guillaume Tell), whose music was composed by Gioachino Rossini.

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William Walton

Sir William Turner Walton, OM (29 March 19028 March 1983) was an English composer.

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Willow

Willows, also called sallows, and osiers, form the genus Salix, around 400 speciesMabberley, D.J. 1997.

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Wind instrument

A wind instrument is a musical instrument that contains some type of resonator (usually a tube), in which a column of air is set into vibration by the player blowing into (or over) a mouthpiece set at or near the end of the resonator.

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Witold Lutosławski

Witold Roman Lutosławski (25 January 1913 – 7 February 1994) was a Polish composer and orchestral conductor.

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Wolf tone

A wolf tone, or simply a "wolf", is produced when a played note matches the natural resonating frequency of the body of a musical instrument, producing a sustaining sympathetic artificial overtone that amplifies and expands the frequencies of the original note, frequently accompanied by an oscillating beating (due to the uneven frequencies between the natural note and artificial overtone) which may be likened to the howling of the animal.

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Wood glue

Wood glue is an adhesive used to tightly bond pieces of wood together.

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Yesterday (Beatles song)

"Yesterday" is a song by the English rock band the Beatles, written by Paul McCartney (credited to Lennon–McCartney), and first released on the album Help! in the United Kingdom in August 1965.

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Yo-Yo Ma

Yo-Yo Ma (born October 7, 1955) is a French-born American cellist.

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Youth orchestra

A youth orchestra is an orchestra made of young musicians, typically ranging from pre-teens or teenagers to those in their mid-20s.

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Zara Nelsova

Zara Nelsova (December 23, 1918October 10, 2002) was a prominent cellist.

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Zoltán Kodály

Zoltán Kodály (Kodály Zoltán,; 16 December 1882 – 6 March 1967) was a Hungarian composer, ethnomusicologist, pedagogue, linguist, and philosopher.

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1812 Overture

The Year 1812, festival overture in flat major, Op.

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'Cello, 'cello, Celli, Cellist, Celloist, Cellos, Celo, Handbass, Shoulder viola, Violincellist, Violincello, Violoncelli, Violoncellist, Violoncello, Violoncello da Span, Violoncello piccolo da spalla, Violoncellos, Violoncino.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cello

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