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281 relations: Abd ar-Rahman III, Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah, Adikavi Pampa, Ah Mekat Tutul Xiu, Airlangga, Al-Andalus, Al-Azhar University, Al-Biruni, Al-Farabi, Alan II, Duke of Brittany, Algeria, Almanzor, Ancestral Puebloans, Armillary sphere, Astronomer, Avicenna, Æthelstan, Bagan, Bali, Balitung, Basil II, Battle of Achelous (917), Battle of Langshan Jiang, Battle of Lechfeld (955), Battle of Pressburg, Battle of Svolder, Beer, Beruniy, Bibliothèque nationale de France, Black Sea, Bodhisattva, Brantas River, Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur, Brittany, Buddhism, Bulgaria, Bulgarian Orthodox Church, Bulgarians, Buyid dynasty, Byzantine Empire, Caesar Baronius, Cairo, Caliphate of Córdoba, Caucasus, Córdoba, Spain, Ce Acatl Topiltzin, Central Asia, Central Java, Chichen Itza, China, ..., Chinese characters, Chola dynasty, Cluny, Dark Ages (historiography), December 14, Denmark, Dharmawangsa, Duchy of Normandy, Dunhuang, Early Islamic philosophy, East Java, Edmund I, Edward the Elder, Emperor Ai of Tang, Emperor Taizu of Song, Encyclopedia, England, Erik the Red, Escapement, Eurasian brown bear, Europe, ʻAhoʻeitu, Fatimid Caliphate, Ferdowsi, Fire arrow, First Bulgarian Empire, Flamethrower, Four Great Books of Song, France, Géza, Grand Prince of the Hungarians, Germany, Ghaznavids, Ghazni, Gorm the Old, Goryeo, Great Britain, Great Moravia, Grenade, Gu Hongzhong, Gunpowder, Harald Fairhair, Heinrich Fichtenau, Helen Waddell, History of lions in Europe, History of Sudan, Holy Roman Emperor, Hops, Hugh Capet, Hungarians, Huyan Zan, Ibn al-Haytham, India, Iran, Iraq, Islam, Isyana dynasty, Italy, January 12, John I Tzimiskes, Jombang Regency, Julian calendar, Kannada, Kansas City, Missouri, Kewu Plain, Khazars, Khwarezm, Kievan Rus', Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102), Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Nri, Later Liang (Five Dynasties), Later Three Kingdoms, League of Mayapan, Leif Erikson, Li Cheng (painter), Li Fang (Song dynasty), Liao dynasty, Lock (water navigation), Lorenzo Valla, Lost-wax casting, Louis the Child, Lynn Townsend White Jr., Mahabharata, Mahendradatta, Malay Peninsula, Malays (ethnic group), Mantyasih inscription, Maya civilization, Mayapan, Mechanical engineering, Medang Kingdom, Medieval Warm Period, Mercury (element), Mexico, Mieszko I of Poland, Mississippian culture, Monarchy, Monasticism, Mount Merapi, Mount Sumbing, Mpu Sindok, Muslim, Muslim world, Myanmar, Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Nigeria, Nikephoros II Phokas, Normandy, Normans, Norway, Nubia, Olaf Tryggvason, Old Javanese, Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor, Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor, Palembang, Pandyan dynasty, Parantaka I, Paris, Paris Psalter, Patrick J. Geary, Pipa, Poland, Polymath, Pueblo II Period, Qian Yuanguan, Raja Raja Chola I, Ranna, Regent, Reindeer, Rollo, Samanid Empire, Samuel of Bulgaria, Science and technology of the Song dynasty, Science in the medieval Islamic world, Seljuq dynasty, Shia Islam, Simeon I of Bulgaria, Song dynasty, Southern United States, Sri Lanka, Srivijaya, Sultan, Taejo of Goryeo, Tailapa II, Tamil Nadu, Theophanu, Toltec, Tomislav of Croatia, Tonga, Tsar, Tuʻi Tonga, Tuʻi Tonga Empire, Turkic peoples, Udayana Warmadewa, Uxmal, Varangians, Varmadeva dynasty, Venice, Vikings, Vladimir the Great, Wawa of Mataram, Western Chalukya Empire, Wu (Ten Kingdoms), Wuyue, Yucatán Peninsula, Zhang Sixun, Zhu Wen, Ziyarid dynasty, 1000, 1002, 1013, 1014, 1015, 1025, 1st millennium, 7th century, 872, 893, 899, 901, 902, 907, 909, 910, 912, 914, 917, 918, 919, 921, 925, 927, 928, 929, 930s, 933, 936, 937, 938, 939, 940, 943, 946, 948, 949, 950, 951, 955, 956, 958, 960, 963, 965, 966, 969, 970, 973, 975, 976, 978, 979, 980, 983, 988, 990, 991, 996, 997, 999. Expand index (231 more) »
Abd ar-Rahman III
Abd ar-Rahman III (′Abd ar-Rahmān ibn Muhammad ibn ′Abd Allāh ibn Muhammad ibn ′abd ar-Rahman ibn al-Hakam ar-Rabdi ibn Hisham ibn ′abd ar-Rahman ad-Dakhil; عبد الرحمن الثالث; 11 January 889/9115 October 961) was the Emir and Caliph of Córdoba (912–961) of the Umayyad dynasty in al-Andalus.
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Abdullah al-Mahdi Billah
Abu Muḥammad ʿAlī / ʿAbd Allāh al-Mahdi Billah (873 – 4 March 934) (أبو محمد عبد الله المهدي بالله), was the founder of the Ismaili Fatimid Caliphate, the only major Shi'a caliphate in Islam, and established Fatimid rule throughout much of North Africa, Hejaz, Palestine and the Levant.
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Adikavi Pampa
Pampa (ಪಂಪ, 10th century), called by the honorific Ādikavi (ಆದಿಕವಿ "First Poet") was a Kannada poet whose works reflected his philosophical beliefs.
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Ah Mekat Tutul Xiu
Ah Mekat Tutul Xiu established an alliance between Uxmal, Chichen Itza and Mayapan in the span of thirteen years (987–1007 AD).
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Airlangga
Airlangga (also spelled Erlangga), regnal name Rakai Halu Sri Lokeswara Dharmawangsa Airlangga Anantawikramottunggadewa (born 990 in Bali, Indonesia – died 1049 in Java), was the only raja of the Kingdom of Kahuripan.
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Al-Andalus
Al-Andalus (الأنْدَلُس, trans.; al-Ándalus; al-Ândalus; al-Àndalus; Berber: Andalus), also known as Muslim Spain, Muslim Iberia, or Islamic Iberia, was a medieval Muslim territory and cultural domain occupying at its peak most of what are today Spain and Portugal.
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Al-Azhar University
Al-Azhar University (1,, "the (honorable) Azhar University") is a university in Cairo, Egypt.
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Al-Biruni
Abū Rayḥān Muḥammad ibn Aḥmad Al-Bīrūnī (Chorasmian/ابوریحان بیرونی Abū Rayḥān Bērōnī; New Persian: Abū Rayḥān Bīrūnī) (973–1050), known as Al-Biruni (البيروني) in English, was an IranianD.J. Boilot, "Al-Biruni (Beruni), Abu'l Rayhan Muhammad b. Ahmad", in Encyclopaedia of Islam (Leiden), New Ed., vol.1:1236–1238.
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Al-Farabi
Al-Farabi (known in the West as Alpharabius; c. 872 – between 14 December, 950 and 12 January, 951) was a renowned philosopher and jurist who wrote in the fields of political philosophy, metaphysics, ethics and logic.
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Alan II, Duke of Brittany
Alan II (died 952), nicknamed Wrybeard or Twistedbeard, Alan Varvek in Breton, was Count of Vannes, Poher, and Nantes, and Duke of Brittany from 938 to his death.
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Algeria
Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.
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Almanzor
Abu ʿĀmir Muḥammad bin ʿAbdullāh ibn Abi ʿĀmir, al-Ḥājib al-Manṣūr (أبو عامر محمد بن عبد الله بن أبي عامر الحاجب المنصور) (c. 938 – August 8, 1002), better known as Almanzor, was for 24 years (978–1002) the de facto ruler of Muslim Iberia (al-Andalus) under the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (Khilāfat Qurṭuba).
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Ancestral Puebloans
The Ancestral Puebloans were an ancient Native American culture that spanned the present-day Four Corners region of the United States, comprising southeastern Utah, northeastern Arizona, northwestern New Mexico, and southwestern Colorado.
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Armillary sphere
An armillary sphere (variations are known as spherical astrolabe, armilla, or armil) is a model of objects in the sky (on the celestial sphere), consisting of a spherical framework of rings, centred on Earth or the Sun, that represent lines of celestial longitude and latitude and other astronomically important features, such as the ecliptic.
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Astronomer
An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.
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Avicenna
Avicenna (also Ibn Sīnā or Abu Ali Sina; ابن سینا; – June 1037) was a Persian polymath who is regarded as one of the most significant physicians, astronomers, thinkers and writers of the Islamic Golden Age.
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Æthelstan
Æthelstan or Athelstan (Old English: Æþelstan, or Æðelstān, meaning "noble stone"; 89427 October 939) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924 to 927 and King of the English from 927 to 939.
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Bagan
Bagan (formerly Pagan) is an ancient city located in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar.
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Bali
Bali (Balinese:, Indonesian: Pulau Bali, Provinsi Bali) is an island and province of Indonesia with the biggest Hindu population.
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Balitung
Sri Maharaja Rakai Watukura Dyah Balitung Sri Dharmodaya Mahasambu was the king of the Kingdom of Mataram.
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Basil II
Basil II (Βασίλειος Β΄, Basileios II; 958 – 15 December 1025) was a Byzantine Emperor from the Macedonian dynasty who reigned from 10 January 976 to 15 December 1025.
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Battle of Achelous (917)
The Battle of Achelous or Acheloos (Битката при Ахелой, Μάχη του Αχελώου), also known as the Battle of Anchialus,Stephenson (2004), p. 23 took place on 20 August 917, on the Achelous River near the Bulgarian Black Sea coast, close to the fortress Tuthom (modern Pomorie) between Bulgarian and Byzantine forces.
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Battle of Langshan Jiang
The Battle of Langshan Jiang (狼山江之戰; Wolf Mountain River) was a riverine battle which occurred in 919 during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in China between the states of Wuyue and Wu.
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Battle of Lechfeld (955)
The Battle of Lechfeld (10 August 955) was a decisive victory for Otto I the Great, King of East Francia, over the Hungarian harka Bulcsú and the chieftains Lél (Lehel) and Súr.
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Battle of Pressburg
The Battle of Pressburg (Schlacht von Pressburg) or Battle of Pozsony (Pozsonyi csata), or Battle of Bratislava (Bitka pri Bratislave) was a three-day-long battle, fought between 4–6 July 907, during which the East Francian army, consisting mainly of Bavarian troops led by Margrave Luitpold, was annihilated by Hungarian forces.
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Battle of Svolder
The Battle of Svolder (Svold or Swold) was a naval battle fought in September 999 or 1000 in the western Baltic Sea between King Olaf Tryggvason of Norway and an alliance of his enemies.
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Beer
Beer is one of the oldest and most widely consumed alcoholic drinks in the world, and the third most popular drink overall after water and tea.
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Beruniy
Beruniy (Beruniy/Беруний; Biruniy/Бируний; Беруни) is a small city in the Karakalpakstan, Uzbekistan.
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Bibliothèque nationale de France
The (BnF, English: National Library of France) is the national library of France, located in Paris.
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Black Sea
The Black Sea is a body of water and marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean between Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Western Asia.
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Bodhisattva
In Buddhism, Bodhisattva is the Sanskrit term for anyone who has generated Bodhicitta, a spontaneous wish and compassionate mind to attain Buddhahood for the benefit of all sentient beings. Bodhisattvas are a popular subject in Buddhist art.
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Brantas River
The Brantas is the longest river in East Java, Indonesia.
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Brihadisvara Temple, Thanjavur
Brihadishvara Temple, also called Rajarajesvaram or Peruvudaiyar Kovil, is a Hindu temple dedicated to Shiva located in Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Brittany
Brittany (Bretagne; Breizh, pronounced or; Gallo: Bertaèyn, pronounced) is a cultural region in the northwest of France, covering the western part of what was known as Armorica during the period of Roman occupation.
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Buddhism
Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.
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Bulgarian Orthodox Church
The Bulgarian Orthodox Church (Българска православна църква, Balgarska pravoslavna tsarkva) is an autocephalous Orthodox Church.
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Bulgarians
Bulgarians (българи, Bǎlgari) are a South Slavic ethnic group who are native to Bulgaria and its neighboring regions.
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Buyid dynasty
The Buyid dynasty or the Buyids (آل بویه Āl-e Buye), also known as Buwaihids, Bowayhids, Buyahids, or Buyyids, was an Iranian Shia dynasty of Daylamite origin.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium).
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Caesar Baronius
Cesare Baronio (also known as Caesar Baronius; 30 August 1538 – 30 June 1607) was an Italian cardinal and ecclesiastical historian of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Cairo
Cairo (القاهرة) is the capital of Egypt.
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Caliphate of Córdoba
The Caliphate of Córdoba (خلافة قرطبة; trans. Khilāfat Qurṭuba) was a state in Islamic Iberia along with a part of North Africa ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
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Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.
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Córdoba, Spain
Córdoba, also called Cordoba or Cordova in English, is a city in Andalusia, southern Spain, and the capital of the province of Córdoba.
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Ce Acatl Topiltzin
Cē Ācatl Topiltzin Quetzalcoatl (Our Prince One-Reed Feathered Serpent) (c. 895 - 947) is a mythologised figure appearing in 16th-century accounts of Nahua historical traditions, where he is identified as a ruler in the 10th century of the Toltecs— by Aztec tradition their predecessors who had political control of the Valley of Mexico and surrounding region several centuries before the Aztecs themselves arrived on the scene.
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Central Asia
Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north.
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Central Java
Central Java (Jawa Tengah, abbreviated as Jateng) is a province of Indonesia.
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Chichen Itza
Chichen Itza, Chichén Itzá, often with the emphasis reversed in English to; from Chi'ch'èen Ìitsha' (Barrera Vásquez et al., 1980.) "at the mouth of the well of the Itza people" was a large pre-Columbian city built by the Maya people of the Terminal Classic period.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chinese characters
Chinese characters are logograms primarily used in the writing of Chinese and Japanese.
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Chola dynasty
The Chola dynasty was one of the longest-ruling dynasties in the history of southern India.
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Cluny
Cluny is a commune in the eastern French department of Saône-et-Loire, in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.
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Dark Ages (historiography)
The "Dark Ages" is a historical periodization traditionally referring to the Middle Ages, that asserts that a demographic, cultural, and economic deterioration occurred in Western Europe following the decline of the Roman Empire.
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December 14
No description.
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Denmark
Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.
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Dharmawangsa
Dharmawangsa, stylized regnal name Sri Maharaja Isyana Dharmawangsa Teguh Anantawikramottunggadewa of Isyana dynasty was the last raja of the Kingdom of Medang reigned from 990-1016 CE.
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Duchy of Normandy
The Duchy of Normandy grew out of the 911 Treaty of Saint-Clair-sur-Epte between King Charles III of West Francia and Rollo, leader of the Vikings.
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Dunhuang
Dunhuang is a county-level city in northwestern Gansu Province, Western China.
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Early Islamic philosophy
Early Islamic philosophy or classical Islamic philosophy is a period of intense philosophical development beginning in the 2nd century AH of the Islamic calendar (early 9th century CE) and lasting until the 6th century AH (late 12th century CE).
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East Java
East Java (Jawa Timur, abbreviated as Jatim, Jåwå Wétan) is a province of Indonesia.
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Edmund I
Edmund I (Ēadmund, pronounced; 921 – 26 May 946) was King of the English from 939 until his death.
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Edward the Elder
Edward the Elder (c. 874 – 17 July 924) was King of the Anglo-Saxons from 899 until his death.
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Emperor Ai of Tang
Emperor Ai of Tang (27 October 89226 March 908), also known as Emperor Zhaoxuan (昭宣帝), born Li Zuo, later known as Li Zhu, was the last emperor of the Tang dynasty of China.
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Emperor Taizu of Song
Emperor Taizu of Song (21 March 927 – 14 November 976) personal name Zhao Kuangyin, courtesy name Yuanlang, was the founder and first emperor of the Song dynasty in China.
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Encyclopedia
An encyclopedia or encyclopaedia is a reference work or compendium providing summaries of information from either all branches of knowledge or from a particular field or discipline.
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England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom.
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Erik the Red
Erik Thorvaldsson (Eiríkr Þorvaldsson; 950 – c. 1003), known as Erik the Red (Eiríkr hinn rauði) was a Norse explorer, remembered in medieval and Icelandic saga sources as having founded the first settlement in Greenland.
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Escapement
An escapement is a device in mechanical watches and clocks that transfers energy to the timekeeping element (the "impulse action") and allows the number of its oscillations to be counted (the "locking action").
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Eurasian brown bear
The Eurasian brown bear (Ursus arctos arctos) is one of the most common subspecies of the brown bear, and is found in much of Eurasia.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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ʻAhoʻeitu
In Tongan mythology, or oral history, Ahoeitu is a son of the god okinaEitumātupuokinaa and a mortal woman, okinaIlaheva Vaokinaepopua.
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Fatimid Caliphate
The Fatimid Caliphate was an Islamic caliphate that spanned a large area of North Africa, from the Red Sea in the east to the Atlantic Ocean in the west.
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Ferdowsi
Abu ʾl-Qasim Firdowsi Tusi (c. 940–1020), or Ferdowsi (also transliterated as Firdawsi, Firdusi, Firdosi, Firdausi) was a Persian poet and the author of Shahnameh ("Book of Kings"), which is the world's longest epic poem created by a single poet, and the national epic of Greater Iran.
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Fire arrow
Fire arrows were one of the earliest forms of weaponized gunpowder.
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First Bulgarian Empire
The First Bulgarian Empire (Old Bulgarian: ц︢рьство бл︢гарское, ts'rstvo bl'garskoe) was a medieval Bulgarian state that existed in southeastern Europe between the 7th and 11th centuries AD.
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Flamethrower
A flamethrower is a mechanical incendiary device designed to project a long, controllable stream of fire.
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Four Great Books of Song
The Four Great Books of Song was compiled by Li Fang (925–996) and others during the Song dynasty (960–1279).
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Géza, Grand Prince of the Hungarians
Géza (940 – 997), also Gejza, was Grand Prince of the Hungarians from the early 970s.
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Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
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Ghaznavids
The Ghaznavid dynasty (غزنویان ġaznaviyān) was a Persianate Muslim dynasty of Turkic mamluk origin, at their greatest extent ruling large parts of Iran, Afghanistan, much of Transoxiana and the northwest Indian subcontinent from 977 to 1186.
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Ghazni
Ghazni (Pashto/Persian) or Ghaznai, also historically known as Ghaznin or Ghazna, is a city in Afghanistan with a population of nearly 150,000 people.
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Gorm the Old
Gorm the Old (Gorm den Gamle, Gormr gamli, Gormus Senex), also called Gorm the Languid (Gorm Løge, Gorm den Dvaske), was the first historically recognized ruler of Denmark, reigning from to his death.
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Goryeo
Goryeo (918–1392), also spelled as Koryŏ, was a Korean kingdom established in 918 by King Taejo.
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Great Britain
Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe.
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Great Moravia
Great Moravia (Regnum Marahensium; Μεγάλη Μοραβία, Megálī Moravía; Velká Morava; Veľká Morava; Wielkie Morawy), the Great Moravian Empire, or simply Moravia, was the first major state that was predominantly West Slavic to emerge in the area of Central Europe, chiefly on what is now the territory of the Czech Republic, Slovakia, Poland (including Silesia), and Hungary.
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Grenade
A grenade is a small weapon typically thrown by hand.
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Gu Hongzhong
Gu Hongzhong (937–975) was a Chinese painter during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Chinese history. Gu was active until 960 CE University of Washington: A Visual Sourcebook of Chinese Civilization. Retrieved 27 August 2012. and was most likely a court painter for the Southern Tang Emperor Li Yu. His most well-known work is the Night Revels of Han Xizai (韓熙載夜宴圖). Gu's original no longer exists, but the painting survives as a 12th-century remake during the subsequent Song Dynasty (960–1279). The painting is housed in the Palace Museum in Beijing.
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Gunpowder
Gunpowder, also known as black powder to distinguish it from modern smokeless powder, is the earliest known chemical explosive.
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Harald Fairhair
Harald Fairhair (Old Norse: Haraldr Hárfagri, Norwegian: Harald Hårfagre, (literally "Harald Hair-pleasant"); 850 – 932) is remembered by medieval historians as the first King of Norway.
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Heinrich Fichtenau
Heinrich von Fichtenau (December 10, 1912 – June 15, 2000) was an Austrian medievalist best known for his studies of medieval diplomatics, social, and intellectual history.
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Helen Waddell
Helen Jane Waddell (31 May 1889 – 5 March 1965) was an Irish poet, translator and playwright.
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History of lions in Europe
The history of lions in Europe is based on fossils of Pleistocene and Holocene lions excavated in Europe since the early 19th century.
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History of Sudan
The history of Sudan includes that of both the territory that composes Republic of the Sudan as well as that of a larger region known by the term "Sudan".
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Holy Roman Emperor
The Holy Roman Emperor (historically Romanorum Imperator, "Emperor of the Romans") was the ruler of the Holy Roman Empire (800-1806 AD, from Charlemagne to Francis II).
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Hops
Hops are the flowers (also called seed cones or strobiles) of the hop plant Humulus lupulus. They are used primarily as a flavouring and stability agent in beer, to which they impart bitter, zesty, or citric flavours; though they are also used for various purposes in other beverages and herbal medicine.
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Hugh Capet
Hugh CapetCapet is a byname of uncertain meaning distinguishing him from his father Hugh the Great.
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Hungarians
Hungarians, also known as Magyars (magyarok), are a nation and ethnic group native to Hungary (Magyarország) and historical Hungarian lands who share a common culture, history and speak the Hungarian language.
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Huyan Zan
Huyan Zan (呼延贊) (died 1000) was a military general in the early years of imperial China's Song Dynasty.
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Ibn al-Haytham
Hasan Ibn al-Haytham (Latinized Alhazen; full name أبو علي، الحسن بن الحسن بن الهيثم) was an Arab mathematician, astronomer, and physicist of the Islamic Golden Age.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Iraq
Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.
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Islam
IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).
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Isyana dynasty
The Isyana Dynasty, rulers of the Kingdom of Medang, was a dynasty of the Hindu Medang Kingdom on the island of Java.
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Italy
Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.
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January 12
No description.
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John I Tzimiskes
John I Tzimiskes (Iōánnēs I Tzimiskēs; c. 925 – 10 January 976) was the senior Byzantine Emperor from 11 December 969 to 10 January 976.
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Jombang Regency
Jombang Regency is a regency of East Java, Indonesia, situated to the southwest of Surabaya.
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Julian calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar.
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Kannada
Kannada (ಕನ್ನಡ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Kannada people in India, mainly in the state of Karnataka, and by significant linguistic minorities in the states of Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Kerala, Goa and abroad.
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Kansas City, Missouri
Kansas City is the largest city in the U.S. state of Missouri.
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Kewu Plain
Kewu Plain, also known as Prambanan Plain or Opak River valley, is a fertile volcanic plain that lies between Merapi-Merbabu complex in the north, Bantul lowlands and Sewu karst limestone range in the south, Bengawan Solo river valley in east, and the Progo River in the west, and Kedu Plain on northwest.
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Khazars
The Khazars (خزر, Xəzərlər; Hazarlar; Хазарлар; Хәзәрләр, Xäzärlär; כוזרים, Kuzarim;, Xazar; Хоза́ри, Chozáry; Хаза́ры, Hazáry; Kazárok; Xazar; Χάζαροι, Cházaroi; p./Gasani) were a semi-nomadic Turkic people, who created what for its duration was the most powerful polity to emerge from the break-up of the Western Turkic Khaganate.
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Khwarezm
Khwarezm, or Chorasmia (خوارزم, Xvârazm) is a large oasis region on the Amu Darya river delta in western Central Asia, bordered on the north by the (former) Aral Sea, on the east by the Kyzylkum desert, on the south by the Karakum desert, and on the west by the Ustyurt Plateau.
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Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus' (Рѹ́сь, Рѹ́сьскаѧ землѧ, Rus(s)ia, Ruscia, Ruzzia, Rut(h)enia) was a loose federationJohn Channon & Robert Hudson, Penguin Historical Atlas of Russia (Penguin, 1995), p.16.
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Kingdom of Croatia (925–1102)
The Kingdom of Croatia (Regnum Croatiae; Kraljevina Hrvatska, Hrvatsko Kraljevstvo) was a medieval kingdom in Central Europe comprising most of what is today Croatia (without western Istria and some Dalmatian coastal cities), as well as most of the modern-day Bosnia and Herzegovina.
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Kingdom of England
The Kingdom of England (French: Royaume d'Angleterre; Danish: Kongeriget England; German: Königreich England) was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from the 10th century—when it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms—until 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain.
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Kingdom of Nri
The Kingdom of Nri was a medieval polity.
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Later Liang (Five Dynasties)
The Later Liang (1 June 907 – 19 November 923), also known as Zhu Liang, was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in China.
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Later Three Kingdoms
The Later Three Kingdoms of Korea (892–936) consisted of Silla, Hubaekje ("Later Baekje") and Hugoguryeo ("Later Goguryeo", it was replaced by Goryeo).
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League of Mayapan
The League of Mayapan (Yucatec Luub Mayapan Maya glyphs) was a confederation of Maya states in the post classic period of Mesoamerica on the Yucatan peninsula.
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Leif Erikson
Leif Erikson or Leif Ericson (970 – c. 1020) was a Norse explorer from Iceland.
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Li Cheng (painter)
Li Cheng (919–967), Courtesy name Xiánxī (咸熙), was a Chinese painter from Qingzhou (now part of Weifang, Shandong) during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms and early Song Dynasty.
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Li Fang (Song dynasty)
Li Fang (925–996), courtesy name Mingyuan, was a Chinese scholar and bureaucrat of the Song Dynasty, best known for serving as the main editor of three of the Four Great Books of Song. He was born in what is now Hengshui, Hebei, and once served the Later Han and Later Zhou.
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Liao dynasty
The Liao dynasty (Khitan: Mos Jælud), also known as the Liao Empire, officially the Great Liao, or the Khitan (Qidan) State (Khitan: Mos diau-d kitai huldʒi gur), was an empire in East Asia that ruled from 907 to 1125 over present-day Mongolia and portions of the Russian Far East, northern China, and northeastern Korea.
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Lock (water navigation)
A lock is a device used for raising and lowering boats, ships and other watercraft between stretches of water of different levels on river and canal waterways.
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Lorenzo Valla
Lorenzo (or Laurentius) Valla (14071 August 1457) was an Italian humanist, rhetorician, educator and Catholic priest.
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Lost-wax casting
Lost-wax casting (also called "investment casting", "precision casting", or cire perdue in French) is the process by which a duplicate metal sculpture (often silver, gold, brass or bronze) is cast from an original sculpture.
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Louis the Child
Louis the Child (893 – 20/24 September 911), sometimes called Louis III or Louis IV, was the king of East Francia from 899 until his death in 911 and was the last ruler of Carolingian dynasty there.
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Lynn Townsend White Jr.
Lynn Townsend White Jr. (April 29, 1907 – March 30, 1987) was an American historian.
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Mahabharata
The Mahābhārata (महाभारतम्) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Rāmāyaṇa.
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Mahendradatta
Mahendradatta (961—1011 CE), also known as Gunapriya Dharmapatni, was the queen of Bali, the queen consort of Udayana Warmadewa, also popularly known as King Udayana from Warmadewa dynasty.
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Malay Peninsula
The Malay Peninsula (Tanah Melayu, تانه ملايو; คาบสมุทรมลายู,, မလေး ကျွန်းဆွယ်, 马来半岛 / 馬來半島) is a peninsula in Southeast Asia.
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Malays (ethnic group)
Malays (Orang Melayu, Jawi: أورڠ ملايو) are an Austronesian ethnic group that predominantly inhabit the Malay Peninsula, eastern Sumatra and coastal Borneo, as well as the smaller islands which lie between these locations — areas that are collectively known as the Malay world.
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Mantyasih inscription
The Mantyasih inscription (also known as Balitung charter and Kedu inscription) is an important inscription found in the village of Mateseh, North Magelang, Central Java, Indonesia.
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Maya civilization
The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its hieroglyphic script—the only known fully developed writing system of the pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system.
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Mayapan
Mayapan (Màayapáan in Modern Maya), (in Spanish Mayapán) is a Pre-Columbian Maya site a couple of kilometers south of the town of Telchaquillo in Municipality of Tecoh, approximately 40 km south-east of Mérida and 100 km west of Chichen Itza; in the state of Yucatán, Mexico.
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Mechanical engineering
Mechanical engineering is the discipline that applies engineering, physics, engineering mathematics, and materials science principles to design, analyze, manufacture, and maintain mechanical systems.
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Medang Kingdom
The Medang Empire or Mataram Kingdom was a Javanese Hindu–Buddhist kingdom that flourished between the 8th and 11th centuries.
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Medieval Warm Period
The Medieval Warm Period (MWP) also known as the Medieval Climate Optimum, or Medieval Climatic Anomaly was a time of warm climate in the North Atlantic region that may have been related to other warming events in other regions during that time, including China and other areas, lasting from to.
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Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
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Mexico
Mexico (México; Mēxihco), officially called the United Mexican States (Estados Unidos Mexicanos) is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.
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Mieszko I of Poland
Mieszko I (– 25 May 992) was the ruler of the Polans from about 960 until his death.
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Mississippian culture
The Mississippian culture was a mound-building Native American civilization archeologists date from approximately 800 CE to 1600 CE, varying regionally.
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Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which a group, generally a family representing a dynasty (aristocracy), embodies the country's national identity and its head, the monarch, exercises the role of sovereignty.
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Monasticism
Monasticism (from Greek μοναχός, monachos, derived from μόνος, monos, "alone") or monkhood is a religious way of life in which one renounces worldly pursuits to devote oneself fully to spiritual work.
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Mount Merapi
Mount Merapi, Gunung Merapi (literally Fire Mountain in Indonesian and Javanese), is an active stratovolcano located on the border between Central Java and Yogyakarta provinces, Indonesia.
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Mount Sumbing
Mount Sumbing or Gunung Sumbing is an active stratovolcano in Central Java, Indonesia, symmetrical with Sundoro.
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Mpu Sindok
Mpu Sindok, throne name: Sri Isyana Vikramadhammatunggadeva, was the last king of the Sanjaya Dynasty who ruled the Kingdom of Mataram from Central Java, reigned from around 928 or 929 AD.
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Muslim
A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.
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Muslim world
The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the unified Islamic community (Ummah), consisting of all those who adhere to the religion of Islam, or to societies where Islam is practiced.
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Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia.
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Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art
The Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art is an art museum in Kansas City, Missouri, known for its neoclassical architecture and extensive collection of Asian art.
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Nigeria
Nigeria, officially the Federal Republic of Nigeria is a federal republic in West Africa, bordering Benin in the west, Chad and Cameroon in the east, and Niger in the north.
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Nikephoros II Phokas
Nikephoros II Phokas (Latinized: Nicephorus II Phocas; Νικηφόρος Β΄ Φωκᾶς, Nikēphóros II Phōkãs; c. 912 – 11 December 969) was Byzantine Emperor from 963 to 969.
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Normandy
Normandy (Normandie,, Norman: Normaundie, from Old French Normanz, plural of Normant, originally from the word for "northman" in several Scandinavian languages) is one of the 18 regions of France, roughly referring to the historical Duchy of Normandy.
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Normans
The Normans (Norman: Normaunds; Normands; Normanni) were the people who, in the 10th and 11th centuries, gave their name to Normandy, a region in France.
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Norway
Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.
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Nubia
Nubia is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between Aswan in southern Egypt and Khartoum in central Sudan.
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Olaf Tryggvason
Olaf Tryggvason (960s – 9 September 1000) was King of Norway from 995 to 1000.
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Old Javanese
Old Javanese is the oldest phase of the Javanese language that was spoken in areas in what is now the eastern part of Central Java and the whole of East Java.
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Otto I, Holy Roman Emperor
Otto I (23 November 912 – 7 May 973), traditionally known as Otto the Great (Otto der Große, Ottone il Grande), was German king from 936 and Holy Roman Emperor from 962 until his death in 973.
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Otto II, Holy Roman Emperor
Otto II (955 – December 7, 983), called the Red (Rufus), was Holy Roman Emperor from 973 until his death in 983.
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Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor
Otto III (June/July 980 – 23 January 1002) was Holy Roman Emperor from 996 until his early death in 1002.
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Palembang
Palembang (Indonesian pronunciation: palɛmˈbaŋ) is the capital city of South Sumatra province of Indonesia.
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Pandyan dynasty
The Pandyan dynasty was an ancient Tamil dynasty, one of the three Tamil dynasties, the other two being the Chola and the Chera.
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Parantaka I
Parantaka Chola I (முதலாம் பராந்தக சோழன்) (907–955) ruled the Chola kingdom in southern India for forty-eight years, annexing Pandya.
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Paris
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.
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Paris Psalter
For the third copy of the Utrecht Psalter.
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Patrick J. Geary
Patrick J. Geary (born September 26, 1948) is an American medieval historian and Professor of Western Medieval History at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey.
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Pipa
The pipa is a four-stringed Chinese musical instrument, belonging to the plucked category of instruments.
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Poland
Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.
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Polymath
A polymath (πολυμαθής,, "having learned much,"The term was first recorded in written English in the early seventeenth century Latin: uomo universalis, "universal man") is a person whose expertise spans a significant number of different subject areas—such a person is known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems.
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Pueblo II Period
The Pueblo II Period (AD 900 to AD 1150) was the second pueblo period of the Ancestral Puebloans of the Four Corners region of the American southwest.
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Qian Yuanguan
Qian Yuanguan (錢元瓘) (November 30, 887 – September 17, 941Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 282.), born Qian Chuanguan (錢傳瓘), formally King Wenmu of Wuyue (吳越文穆王), courtesy name Mingbao (明寶), was the second king of the state of Wuyue, during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of China.
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Raja Raja Chola I
Raja Raja Cholan I (or Rajaraja Cholan I) born as Arul Mozhi Varman known as Raja Raja Cholan was a Chola Emperor from present day South India who ruled over the Chola kingdom of Ancient Tamilnadu (parts of southern India), parts of northern India, two third's of Sri Lankan territory (Eezham), Maldives and parts of East Asia, between 985 and 1014 CE.
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Ranna
Ranna (ರನ್ನ) was one of the earliest and arguably one of the greatest poets of the Kannada language.
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Regent
A regent (from the Latin regens: ruling, governing) is a person appointed to govern a state because the monarch is a minor, is absent or is incapacitated.
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Reindeer
The reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), also known as the caribou in North America, is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to Arctic, sub-Arctic, tundra, boreal and mountainous regions of northern Europe, Siberia and North America.
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Rollo
Rollo or Gaange Rolf (Norman: Rou; Old Norse: Hrólfr; Rollon; 846 – 930 AD) was a Viking who became the first ruler of Normandy, a region of France.
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Samanid Empire
The Samanid Empire (سامانیان, Sāmāniyān), also known as the Samanian Empire, Samanid dynasty, Samanid Emirate, or simply Samanids, was a Sunni Iranian empire, ruling from 819 to 999.
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Samuel of Bulgaria
Samuel (also Samuil, representing Bulgarian Самуил, pronounced, Old Church Slavonic) was the Tsar (Emperor) of the First Bulgarian Empire from 997 to 6 October 1014.
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Science and technology of the Song dynasty
The Song dynasty (960–1279 CE) provided some of the most significant technological advances in Chinese history, many of which came from talented statesmen drafted by the government through imperial examinations.
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Science in the medieval Islamic world
Science in the medieval Islamic world was the science developed and practised during the Islamic Golden Age under the Umayyads of Córdoba, the Abbadids of Seville, the Samanids, the Ziyarids, the Buyids in Persia, the Abbasid Caliphate and beyond, spanning the period c. 800 to 1250.
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Seljuq dynasty
The Seljuq dynasty, or Seljuqs (آل سلجوق Al-e Saljuq), was an Oghuz Turk Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became a Persianate society and contributed to the Turco-Persian tradition in the medieval West and Central Asia.
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Shia Islam
Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.
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Simeon I of Bulgaria
Simeon (also Symeon) I the Great (Симеон I Велики, transliterated Simeon I Veliki) ruled over Bulgaria from 893 to 927,Lalkov, Rulers of Bulgaria, pp.
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Song dynasty
The Song dynasty (960–1279) was an era of Chinese history that began in 960 and continued until 1279.
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Southern United States
The Southern United States, also known as the American South, Dixie, Dixieland, or simply the South, is a region of the United States of America.
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Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්රී ලංකා; Tamil: இலங்கை Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea.
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Srivijaya
Srivijaya (also written Sri Vijaya, Indonesian/Malay: Sriwijaya, Javanese: ꦯꦿꦶꦮꦶꦗꦪ, Sundanese:, ศรีวิชัย, Sanskrit: श्रीविजय, Śrīvijaya, Khmer: ស្រីវិជ័យ "Srey Vichey", known by the Chinese as Shih-li-fo-shih and San-fo-ch'i t) was a dominant thalassocratic Malay city-state based on the island of Sumatra, Indonesia, which influenced much of Southeast Asia.
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Sultan
Sultan (سلطان) is a position with several historical meanings.
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Taejo of Goryeo
Taejo of Goryeo (31 January 877 – 4 July 943), also known as Taejo Wang Geon (Wang Kǒn, 왕건), was the founder of the Goryeo dynasty, which ruled Korea from the 10th to the 14th century.
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Tailapa II
Tailapa II (r. c. 973-997), also known as Taila II and by his title Ahavamalla, was the founder of the Western Chalukya dynasty in southern India.
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Tamil Nadu
Tamil Nadu (• tamiḻ nāḍu ? literally 'The Land of Tamils' or 'Tamil Country') is one of the 29 states of India.
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Theophanu
Theophanu (Θεοφανώ, Theophano; Theophanu, Theofana; 955June 15, 990 AD), also spelled Theophania, Theophana or Theophano, was an Empress consort of the Holy Roman Empire by marriage to Holy Roman Emperor Otto II, and regent of the Holy Roman Empire during the minority of her son from 983 until her death in 990.
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Toltec
The Toltec culture is an archaeological Mesoamerican culture that dominated a state centered in Tula, Hidalgo, Mexico in the early post-classic period of Mesoamerican chronology (ca. 900–1168 CE).
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Tomislav of Croatia
Tomislav (Tamisclaus) was the first King of Croatia.
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Tonga
Tonga (Tongan: Puleʻanga Fakatuʻi ʻo Tonga), officially the Kingdom of Tonga, is a Polynesian sovereign state and archipelago comprising 169 islands, of which 36 are inhabited.
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Tsar
Tsar (Old Bulgarian / Old Church Slavonic: ц︢рь or цар, цaрь), also spelled csar, or czar, is a title used to designate East and South Slavic monarchs or supreme rulers of Eastern Europe.
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Tuʻi Tonga
The Tuʻi Tonga is a line of Tongan kings, which originated in the 10th century with the mythical ʻAhoʻeitu; withdrew from political power in the 15th century by yielding to the Tuʻi Haʻatakalaua; and died out with Laufilitonga in 1865.
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Tuʻi Tonga Empire
The Tui Tonga Empire, or Tongan Empire, are descriptions sometimes given to Tongan expansionism and projected hegemony in Oceania which began around 950 CE, reaching its peak during the period 1200–1500.
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Turkic peoples
The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethno-linguistic groups of Central, Eastern, Northern and Western Asia as well as parts of Europe and North Africa.
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Udayana Warmadewa
Udayana Warmadewa, also Dharmmodayana Warmadewa, was a king of the island of Bali in the 10th century.
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Uxmal
Uxmal (Yucatec Maya: Óoxmáal) is an ancient Maya city of the classical period in present-day Mexico.
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Varangians
The Varangians (Væringjar; Greek: Βάραγγοι, Várangoi, Βαριάγοι, Variágoi) was the name given by Greeks, Rus' people and Ruthenians to Vikings,"," Online Etymology Dictionary who between the 9th and 11th centuries, ruled the medieval state of Kievan Rus', settled among many territories of modern Belarus, Russia and Ukraine, and formed the Byzantine Varangian Guard.
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Varmadeva dynasty
The Warmadewa dynasty, also Varmadeva dynasty, was a regnal dynasty in the island of Bali.
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Venice
Venice (Venezia,; Venesia) is a city in northeastern Italy and the capital of the Veneto region.
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Vikings
Vikings (Old English: wicing—"pirate", Danish and vikinger; Swedish and vikingar; víkingar, from Old Norse) were Norse seafarers, mainly speaking the Old Norse language, who raided and traded from their Northern European homelands across wide areas of northern, central, eastern and western Europe, during the late 8th to late 11th centuries.
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Vladimir the Great
Vladimir the Great (also (Saint) Vladimir of Kiev; Володимѣръ Свѧтославичь, Volodiměrъ Svętoslavičь, Old Norse Valdamarr gamli; c. 958 – 15 July 1015, Berestove) was a prince of Novgorod, grand prince of Kiev, and ruler of Kievan Rus' from 980 to 1015.
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Wawa of Mataram
Sri Maharaja Rakai Pangkaja Dyah Wawa Sri Wijayalokanamottungga, better known in Indonesia as Dyah Wawa, was a ruler of the Mataram Kingdom in Central Java, Indonesia (r. 924—929).
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Western Chalukya Empire
The Western Chalukya Empire ruled most of the western Deccan, South India, between the 10th and 12th centuries.
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Wu (Ten Kingdoms)
Wu (吳), also referred to as Huainan (淮南), Hongnong (弘農), Southern Wu (南吳), or Yang Wu (楊吳), was one of the Ten Kingdoms in south-central China which was in existence from 907 to 937.
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Wuyue
Wuyue (Shanghainese), 907–978, was an independent coastal kingdom founded during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms (907–960) of Chinese history.
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Yucatán Peninsula
The Yucatán Peninsula (Península de Yucatán), in southeastern Mexico, separates the Caribbean Sea from the Gulf of Mexico, with the northern coastline on the Yucatán Channel.
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Zhang Sixun
Zhang Sixun (fl. 10th century) was a Chinese astronomer and military engineer from Bazhong, Sichuan during the early Song Dynasty (960-1279 AD).
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Zhu Wen
Emperor Taizu of Later Liang (後梁太祖), personal name Zhu Quanzhong (朱全忠) (852–912), né Zhu Wen (朱溫), name later changed to Zhu Huang (朱晃), nickname Zhu San (朱三, literally, "the third Zhu"), was a Jiedushi (military governor) at the end of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, who previously served as a general under the rival Emperor Huang Chao's Empire of Qi and overthrew Empire of Tang in 907, established the Later Liang as its emperor, and ushered in the era of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.
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Ziyarid dynasty
The Ziyarid dynasty (زیاریان) was an Iranian dynasty of Gilaki origin that ruled Tabaristan from 930 to 1090.
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1000
Year 1000 (M) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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1002
Year 1002 (MII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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1013
Year in topic Year 1013 (MXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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1014
Year in topic Year 1014 (MXIV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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1015
Year in topic Year 1015 (MXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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1025
Year 1025 (MXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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1st millennium
The first millennium was a period of time that began on January 1, AD 1, and ended on December 31, AD 1000, of the Julian calendar.
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7th century
The 7th century is the period from 601 to 700 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Common Era.
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872
Year 872 (DCCCLXXII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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893
Year 893 (DCCCXCIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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899
Year 899 (DCCCXCIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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901
Year 901 (CMI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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902
Year 902 (CMII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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907
Year 907 (CMVII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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909
Year 909 (CMIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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910
Year 910 (CMX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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912
Year 912 (CMXII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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914
Year 914 (CMXIV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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917
Year 917 (CMXVII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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918
Year 918 (CMXVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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919
Year 919 (CMXIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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921
Year 921 (CMXXI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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925
Year 925 (CMXXV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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927
Year 927 (CMXXVII) was a common year starting on Monday (link 'will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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928
Year 928 (CMXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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929
Year 929 (CMXXIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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930s
The 930s decade ran from January 1, 930, to December 31, 939.
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933
Year 933 (CMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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936
Year 936 (CMXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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937
Year 937 (CMXXXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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938
Year 938 (CMXXXVIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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939
Year 939 (CMXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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940
Year 940 (CMXL) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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943
Year 943 (CMXLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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946
Year 946 (CMXLVI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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948
Year 948 (CMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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949
Year 949 (CMXLIX) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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950
Year 950 (CML) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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951
Year 951 (CMLI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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955
Year 955 (CMLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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956
Year 956 (CMLVI) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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958
Year 958 (CMLVIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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960
Year 960 (CMLX) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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963
Year 963 (CMLXIII) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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965
Year 965 (CMLXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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966
Year 966 (CMLXVI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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969
Year 969 (CMLXIX) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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970
Year 970 (CMLXX) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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973
Year 973 (CMLXXIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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975
Year 975 (CMLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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976
Year 976 (CMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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978
Year 978 (CMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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979
Year 979 (CMLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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980
Year 980 (CMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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983
Year 983 (CMLXXXIII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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988
Year 988 (CMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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990
Year 990 (CMXC) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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991
Year 991 (CMXCI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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996
Year 996 (CMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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997
Year 997 (CMXCVII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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999
Year 999 (CMXCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
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Redirects here:
10 Century, 10 century, 10th Century, 10th centuries, 10th century AD, 10th century CE, 10th-century, Iron century, Tenth Century, Tenth century, Tenth century AD, Tenth-century, X century, Xth century, Year in Review 10th Century.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/10th_century
