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2-Hydroxyestradiol

Index 2-Hydroxyestradiol

2-Hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-2,3,17β-triol, is an endogenous steroid, catechol estrogen, and metabolite of estradiol, as well as a positional isomer of estriol. [1]

Table of Contents

  1. 72 relations: Adrenaline, Agonist, Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, Angiogenesis, Angiogenesis inhibitor, Antioxidant, Aromatic sulfonation, Bioconjugation, Biosynthesis, Biotransformation, Brain, Breast, Breast cancer, Cancer, Carcinogenesis, Catechol, Catechol estrogen, Catechol-O-methyltransferase, Catecholamine, Cell (biology), CYP1A2, CYP3A4, Cytochrome P450, DNA, Dopamine, Dopamine receptor D2, Endogeny (biology), Enzyme, Enzyme inhibitor, Estradiol, Estriol, Estrogen (medication), Estrogen receptor, Estrogen receptor alpha, Estrogen receptor beta, Estrone, Excretion, Glucuronidation, GPER, Hydroxylation, Intravenous therapy, Intrinsic activity, Kidney, Ligand (biochemistry), Liver, Metabolic intermediate, Metabolism, Metabolite, Methoxy group, Methylation, ... Expand index (22 more) »

  2. Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors
  3. Steroid hormones
  4. Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors

Adrenaline

Adrenaline, also known as epinephrine, is a hormone and medication which is involved in regulating visceral functions (e.g., respiration). 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Adrenaline are human metabolites.

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Agonist

An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response.

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Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor

alpha-1 (α1) adrenergic receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) associated with the Gq heterotrimeric G protein.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor

Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels, formed in the earlier stage of vasculogenesis.

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Angiogenesis inhibitor

An angiogenesis inhibitor is a substance that inhibits the growth of new blood vessels (angiogenesis).

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Antioxidant

Antioxidants are compounds that inhibit oxidation (usually occurring as autoxidation), a chemical reaction that can produce free radicals.

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Aromatic sulfonation

In organic chemistry, aromatic sulfonation is an organic reaction in which a hydrogen atom on an arene is replaced by a sulfonic acid functional group in an electrophilic aromatic substitution.

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Bioconjugation

Bioconjugation is a chemical strategy to form a stable covalent link between two molecules, at least one of which is a biomolecule.

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Biosynthesis

Biosynthesis, i.e., chemical synthesis occuring in biological contexts, is a term most often referring to multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed processes where chemical substances absorbed as nutrients (or previously converted through biosynthesis) serve as enzyme substrates, with conversion by the living organism either into simpler or more complex products.

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Biotransformation

Biotransformation is the biochemical modification of one chemical compound or a mixture of chemical compounds.

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Brain

The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.

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Breast

The breast is one of two prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso among humans and other primates.

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Breast cancer

Breast cancer is a cancer that develops from breast tissue.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Carcinogenesis

Carcinogenesis, also called oncogenesis or tumorigenesis, is the formation of a cancer, whereby normal cells are transformed into cancer cells.

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Catechol

Catechol, also known as pyrocatechol or 1,2-dihydroxybenzene, is an organic compound with the molecular formula.

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Catechol estrogen

A catechol estrogen is a steroidal estrogen that contains catechol (1,2-dihydroxybenzene) within its structure. 2-Hydroxyestradiol and catechol estrogen are catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, Estranes, estrogens, human metabolites and steroid hormones.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Catechol estrogen

Catechol-O-methyltransferase

Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), catecholestrogens, and various drugs and substances having a catechol structure.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Catechol-O-methyltransferase

Catecholamine

A catecholamine (abbreviated CA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups next to each other) and a side-chain amine.

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Cell (biology)

The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of all forms of life.

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CYP1A2

Cytochrome P450 1A2 (abbreviated CYP1A2), a member of the cytochrome P450 mixed-function oxidase system, is involved in the metabolism of xenobiotics in the human body.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and CYP1A2

CYP3A4

Cytochrome P450 3A4 (abbreviated CYP3A4) is an important enzyme in the body, mainly found in the liver and in the intestine, which in humans is encoded by CYP3A4 gene.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and CYP3A4

Cytochrome P450

Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases.

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DNA

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a polymer composed of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix.

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Dopamine

Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neuromodulatory molecule that plays several important roles in cells.

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Dopamine receptor D2

Dopamine receptor D2, also known as D2R, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the DRD2 gene.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Dopamine receptor D2

Endogeny (biology)

Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within a living system such as an organism, tissue, or cell.

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Enzyme

Enzymes are proteins that act as biological catalysts by accelerating chemical reactions.

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Enzyme inhibitor

An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and blocks its activity.

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Estradiol

Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone. 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Estradiol are Estranes and estrogens.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Estradiol

Estriol

Estriol (E3), also spelled oestriol, is a steroid, a weak estrogen, and a minor female sex hormone. 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Estriol are Estranes and estrogens.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Estriol

Estrogen (medication)

An estrogen (E) is a type of medication which is used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy, and as part of feminizing hormone therapy for transgender women. 2-Hydroxyestradiol and estrogen (medication) are estrogens.

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Estrogen receptor

Estrogen receptors (ERs) are a group of proteins found inside cells.

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Estrogen receptor alpha

Estrogen receptor alpha (ERα), also known as NR3A1 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 1), is one of two main types of estrogen receptor, a nuclear receptor (mainly found as a chromatin-binding protein) that is activated by the sex hormone estrogen.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Estrogen receptor alpha

Estrogen receptor beta

Estrogen receptor beta (ERβ) also known as NR3A2 (nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group A, member 2) is one of two main types of estrogen receptor—a nuclear receptor which is activated by the sex hormone estrogen.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Estrogen receptor beta

Estrone

Estrone (E1), also spelled oestrone, is a steroid, a weak estrogen, and a minor female sex hormone. 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Estrone are Estranes and estrogens.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Estrone

Excretion

Excretion is elimination of metabolic waste, which is an essential process in all organisms.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Excretion

Glucuronidation

Glucuronidation is often involved in drug metabolism of substances such as drugs, pollutants, bilirubin, androgens, estrogens, mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, fatty acid derivatives, retinoids, and bile acids.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Glucuronidation

GPER

G protein-coupled estrogen receptor 1 (GPER), also known as G protein-coupled receptor 30 (GPR30), is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GPER gene.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and GPER

Hydroxylation

In chemistry, hydroxylation can refer to.

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Intravenous therapy

Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.

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Intrinsic activity

Intrinsic activity (IA) and efficacy refer to the relative ability of a drug-receptor complex to produce a maximum functional response.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Intrinsic activity

Kidney

In humans, the kidneys are two reddish-brown bean-shaped blood-filtering organs that are a multilobar, multipapillary form of mammalian kidneys, usually without signs of external lobulation.

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Ligand (biochemistry)

In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.

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Liver

The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.

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Metabolic intermediate

Metabolic intermediates are molecules that are the precursors or metabolites of biologically significant molecules.

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Metabolism

Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolÄ“, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.

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Metabolite

In biochemistry, a metabolite is an intermediate or end product of metabolism.

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Methoxy group

In organic chemistry, a methoxy group is the functional group consisting of a methyl group bound to oxygen.

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Methylation

Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.

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Molar concentration

Molar concentration (also called molarity, amount concentration or substance concentration) is a measure of the concentration of a chemical species, in particular, of a solute in a solution, in terms of amount of substance per unit volume of solution.

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Neoplasm

A neoplasm is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.

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Norepinephrine

Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Norepinephrine

Pituitary gland

The pituitary gland or hypophysis is an endocrine gland in vertebrates.

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Placenta

The placenta (placentas or placentae) is a temporary embryonic and later fetal organ that begins developing from the blastocyst shortly after implantation.

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Prodrug

A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug.

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Quinone

The quinones are a class of organic compounds that are formally "derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of –CH.

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Radical (chemistry)

In chemistry, a radical, also known as a free radical, is an atom, molecule, or ion that has at least one unpaired valence electron.

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Receptor antagonist

A receptor antagonist is a type of receptor ligand or drug that blocks or dampens a biological response by binding to and blocking a receptor rather than activating it like an agonist.

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Redox

Redox (reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change.

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Selective estrogen receptor modulator

Selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs), also known as estrogen receptor agonist/antagonists (ERAAs), are a class of drugs that act on estrogen receptors (ER). 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Selective estrogen receptor modulator are Selective estrogen receptor modulators.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Selective estrogen receptor modulator

Semiquinone

Semiquinones (or ubisemiquinones, if their origin is ubiquinone) are free radicals resulting from the removal of one hydrogen atom with its electron during the process of dehydrogenation of a hydroquinone, such as hydroquinone itself or catechol, to a quinone or alternatively the addition of a single hydrogen atom with its electron to a quinone.

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Spiperone

Spiperone (Spiroperidol; brand name: Spiropitan (JP)) is a typical antipsychotic and research chemical belonging to the butyrophenone chemical class.

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Steroid

A steroid is an organic compound with four fused rings (designated A, B, C, and D) arranged in a specific molecular configuration.

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Structural isomer

In chemistry, a structural isomer (or constitutional isomer in the IUPAC nomenclature) of a compound is another compound whose molecule has the same number of atoms of each element, but with logically distinct bonds between them.

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Superoxide

In chemistry, a superoxide is a compound that contains the superoxide ion, which has the chemical formula.

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Tyrosine hydroxylase

Tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosine 3-monooxygenase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA).

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and Tyrosine hydroxylase

Urine

Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many other animals.

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Uterus

The uterus (from Latin uterus,: uteri) or womb is the organ in the reproductive system of most female mammals, including humans, that accommodates the embryonic and fetal development of one or more embryos until birth.

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2-Hydroxyestrone

2-Hydroxyestrone (2-OHE1), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-trien-2,3-diol-17-one, is an endogenous, naturally occurring catechol estrogen and a major metabolite of estrone and estradiol. 2-Hydroxyestradiol and 2-Hydroxyestrone are catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors, Estranes, human metabolites, Selective estrogen receptor modulators and tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and 2-Hydroxyestrone

2-Methoxyestradiol

2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME2, 2-MeO-E2) is a natural metabolite of estradiol and 2-hydroxyestradiol (2-OHE2). 2-Hydroxyestradiol and 2-Methoxyestradiol are Estranes and human metabolites.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and 2-Methoxyestradiol

4-Hydroxyestradiol

4-Hydroxyestradiol (4-OHE2), also known as estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,4,17β-triol, is an endogenous, naturally occurring catechol estrogen and a minor metabolite of estradiol. 2-Hydroxyestradiol and 4-Hydroxyestradiol are Estranes, estrogens and human metabolites.

See 2-Hydroxyestradiol and 4-Hydroxyestradiol

See also

Catechol-O-methyltransferase inhibitors

Steroid hormones

Tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitors

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2-Hydroxyestradiol

, Molar concentration, Neoplasm, Norepinephrine, Pituitary gland, Placenta, Prodrug, Quinone, Radical (chemistry), Receptor antagonist, Redox, Selective estrogen receptor modulator, Semiquinone, Spiperone, Steroid, Structural isomer, Superoxide, Tyrosine hydroxylase, Urine, Uterus, 2-Hydroxyestrone, 2-Methoxyestradiol, 4-Hydroxyestradiol.