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Scottish independence referendum, 2014

Index Scottish independence referendum, 2014

A referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom took place on Thursday 18 September 2014. [1]

521 relations: Aberdeen, Aberdeenshire, Act of Settlement 1701, Acts of Union 1707, Acts of Union 1800, Adam Smith Institute, Advertising mail, Advocate General for Scotland, Aileen Campbell, Ailsa McKay, Alan Reid (politician), Alasdair Allan, Alastair Campbell, Alex Salmond, Alistair Carmichael, Alistair Darling, Alternative for Germany, Anas Sarwar, Anders Fogh Rasmussen, Andrew Murrison, Angela Merkel, Anglo-Scottish border, Angus MacDonald (politician), Angus MacNeil, Angus Robertson, Angus, Scotland, Anne McGuire, Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Argyll and Bute, Argyll and Bute (UK Parliament constituency), Artur Mas, Asymmetric federalism, Balance of payments, Bank of Credit and Commerce International, Bank of England, Barack Obama, Barnett formula, Barrel of oil equivalent, Basic income, Basque Country (autonomous community), Battle of Bannockburn, BBC, BBC News, BBC One Scotland, BBC Online, BBC Pacific Quay, BBC Scotland, BBC Two, Bernard Ponsonby, Better Together (campaign), ..., Bill Kidd, Blair Jenkins, Bologna Process, Boris Johnson, Brexit, British Armed Forces, British nationality law, British Summer Time, C. J. Sansom, Cairn, Cameron–Clegg coalition, Canada, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace, Caroline Flint, Carwyn Jones, Catalan independence movement, Catalan self-determination referendum, 2014, Catalonia, Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge, CERN, Chancellor of Germany, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Chic Brodie (politician), Chris Hoy, Christina McKelvie, Christine Grahame, Clackmannanshire, Clydesdale (Scottish Parliament constituency), Clydesdale Bank, Comhairle nan Eilean Siar, Commission on Scottish Devolution, Committees of the Scottish Parliament, Common Agricultural Policy, Common Travel Area, Commonwealth citizen, Commonwealth of England, Commonwealth of Nations, Communications Act 2003, Conservative Party (UK), Constitution of the United Kingdom, Craig Reedie, Credit rating, Crimean status referendum, 2014, Crown dependencies, Cumbernauld and Kilsyth (Scottish Parliament constituency), Currency substitution, Daily Record (Scotland), Daniel Kawczynski, Darien scheme, David Cameron, David Hamilton (politician), David Hayman, David Mundell, Democratic deficit, Demonstration (protest), Dennis Canavan, Deutsche Bank, Dumfries and Galloway, Dundee, East Ayrshire, East Dunbartonshire, East Kilbride (Scottish Parliament constituency), East Lothian, East Lothian (UK Parliament constituency), East Renfrewshire, East Renfrewshire (UK Parliament constituency), EBay, Ed Balls, Ed Davey, Eddie Izzard, Edinburgh, Edinburgh Agreement (2012), Edinburgh East (UK Parliament constituency), Edinburgh North and Leith (UK Parliament constituency), Edinburgh South (UK Parliament constituency), Edinburgh South West (UK Parliament constituency), Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency), El País, Elaine Murray, Election commission, Electoral Commission (United Kingdom), Electoral Reform Society, Elizabeth II, Elizabeth Symons, Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean, Enda Kenny, Erna Solberg, Euro, EuroMillions, European Court of Human Rights, European Exchange Rate Mechanism, European Southern Observatory, European Space Agency, European Union, Exit poll, Facebook, Falkirk (council area), Falkirk East (Scottish Parliament constituency), Falkirk West (Scottish Parliament constituency), Faroe Islands, Federal Reserve System, Federalism, Fife, Financial Times, Fiona O'Donnell, First Minister and deputy First Minister, First Minister of Scotland, First Minister of Wales, Firth of Clyde, Fitch Ratings, Gemma Doyle (politician), George Adam, George Osborne, George Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen, George Square, Germany, Glasgow, Glasgow Anniesland (Scottish Parliament constituency), Glasgow Cathcart (Scottish Parliament constituency), Glasgow Kelvin (Scottish Parliament constituency), Glasgow Maryhill and Springburn (Scottish Parliament constituency), Glasgow Pollok (Scottish Parliament constituency), Glasgow Provan (Scottish Parliament constituency), Glasgow Shettleston (Scottish Parliament constituency), Glasgow Southside (Scottish Parliament constituency), Glenn Campbell (broadcaster), GMB (trade union), Good Friday Agreement, Gordon Brown, Government Communications Headquarters, Government Expenditure and Revenue Scotland, Government of the United Kingdom, Grand Orange Lodge of Scotland, Grangemouth Refinery, Great Depression, Great Ormond Street Hospital, Gretna, Dumfries and Galloway, Harry Burns (doctor), Hashtag, Health care, Henry McLeish, Highland (council area), History of Scottish devolution, History of the Scottish National Party, HMNB Clyde, House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Lords, Iain McKenzie, Ian Murray (British politician), Ian Taylor (British businessman), Ian Wood (businessman), Iñigo Urkullu, ICM Research, Income in the United Kingdom, Institute for Fiscal Studies, Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland, Institute of Directors, International Olympic Committee, Inverclyde, Inverclyde (UK Parliament constituency), Ireland, Irish Free State, Isle of Man, Italy, J. K. Rowling, James Callaghan, James Dornan, James Kelly (Scottish politician), James VI and I, Jamie Hepburn, Ján Figeľ, Jean Urquhart, Jim Murphy, Jim Sillars, Jim Wallace, Baron Wallace of Tankerness, Jimmy Reid Foundation, Johann Lamont, John Baird (Canadian politician), John Barrowman, John Curtice, John Finnie, John Major, John Mason (Scottish politician), John Pentland, José Manuel Barroso, Kingdom of England, Kingdom of Great Britain, Kingdom of Ireland, Kingdom of Scotland, Kirkcaldy, Labour Party (UK), Large Hadron Collider, Leading question, Lehendakari, Lerwick Declaration, Liam McArthur, Liberal Democrats (UK), Linda Fabiani, List of endorsements in the Scottish independence referendum, 2014, List of United Kingdom general elections, Lloyds Banking Group, London School of Economics, Lord Protector, Lucinda Creighton, Manifesto, March and Rally for Scottish Independence, Margo MacDonald, Mariano Rajoy, Mariot Leslie, Mark Lazarowicz, Martin Compston, Mary Pitcaithly, Matteo Renzi, Mayor of London, Mayor of New York City, Menzies Campbell, Meta Ramsay, Baroness Ramsay of Cartvale, MI5, Michael Ashcroft, Michael Bloomberg, Michael Matheson (politician), Michael Moore (British politician), Michael Rake, Michael Russell (politician), Middle Ages, Middle class, Midlothian, Midlothian (UK Parliament constituency), Mike Crockart, Minister for International Security Strategy, Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada), Minister of State for European Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia), Minority government, Moody's Investors Service, Moray, Moray (UK Parliament constituency), Motherwell and Wishaw (Scottish Parliament constituency), Na h-Eileanan an Iar (Scottish Parliament constituency), Na h-Eileanan an Iar (UK Parliament constituency), Nate Silver, National Collective, National Conversation, National Institute of Economic and Social Research, NATO, Nazi salute, NHS Scotland, Nicola Sturgeon, Nigel Farage, Nordic countries, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, North Sea oil, Northern Ireland, Northern Ireland border poll, 1973, Northern Isles, Norway, NRK, NRS social grade, Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom, Office of Gas and Electricity Markets, Oliver Cromwell, Olli Rehn, Opt-outs in the European Union, Orange Order, Order in Council, Orkney, Orkney (Scottish Parliament constituency), Orkney and Shetland (UK Parliament constituency), Outer Hebrides, Paisley (Scottish Parliament constituency), Parti Québécois, Party political broadcast, Patricia Ferguson, Patrick Harvie, Paul Martin (Scottish politician), Paul Mason (journalist), Penrith and The Border (UK Parliament constituency), Pension, Personal union, Personation, Perth and Kinross, Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician), Philippe Couillard, Police Scotland, Politics of the United Kingdom, Polling place, Portsmouth, Pound sterling, Premier of Quebec, President of the European Commission, President of the Generalitat of Catalonia, Prime Minister of Italy, Prime Minister of Norway, Prime Minister of Spain, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Princes Street Gardens, Princess Charlotte of Cambridge, Privy Council of the United Kingdom, Proposed second Scottish independence referendum, Public expenditure, Quebec referendum, 1980, Quebec referendum, 1995, Quebec sovereignty movement, Rachel Reeves, Renewable energy in Scotland, Renfrewshire, Republic of Ireland, Research Councils UK, Reserved and excepted matters, Restoration (England), Richard Bacon (politician), Richard Shirreff, RNAD Coulport, Robert Peston, Robert Smith, Baron Smith of Kelvin, Rory Stewart, Ross Kemp, Royal assent, Royal Bank of Scotland, Royal Navy, Royal United Services Institute, Rule, Britannia!, Russia, Ruth Davidson, Rutherglen (Scottish Parliament constituency), Salmond & Darling: The Debate, Sandra White, Schengen Area, Scotland, Scotland Act 1998, Scotland Act 2012, Scotland Act 2016, Scotland Decides: Salmond versus Darling, Scotland Institute, Scotland Tonight, Scotland's Future, Scottish Adjacent Waters Boundaries Order 1999, Scottish Assembly, Scottish Borders, Scottish Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament, Scottish Council for Voluntary Organisations, Scottish Covenant, Scottish devolution referendum, 1979, Scottish devolution referendum, 1997, Scottish Government, Scottish Green Party, Scottish independence, Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013, Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation, Scottish Labour Party, Scottish Liberal Democrats, Scottish National Party, Scottish Parliament, Scottish Parliament election, 1999, Scottish Parliament election, 2007, Scottish Parliament election, 2011, Scottish Police Federation, Scottish Reformation, Scottish Republican Socialist Movement, Scottish Socialist Party, Scottish Television, Scottish variable rate, Secret Intelligence Service, Secretary General of NATO, Secretary of State for Scotland, Sheila Gilmore, Shetland, Shetland (Scottish Parliament constituency), Smith Commission, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire, Sovereign wealth fund, Spain, Special Branch, SSE plc, Stamp duty in the United Kingdom, Standard & Poor's, Standard Life Aberdeen, State Pension (United Kingdom), Stéphane Bédard, Steve Webb, Stirling (council area), Stirling (UK Parliament constituency), Strathclyde Police, Stuart Braithwaite, STV (TV channel), Stv.tv, Subdivisions of Scotland, Suffrage, Sunday Herald, Supreme Court of the United Kingdom, Sweden and the euro, Swedish euro referendum, 2003, Taoiseach, Tavish Scott, Tesco Bank, Thales Group, The Daily Telegraph, The Guardian, The Herald (Glasgow), The Independent, The Scotsman, The Shetland Times, The Sun (United Kingdom), The Sunday Post, Theresa May, ThinkProgress, Time (magazine), Trades Union Congress, Trafalgar Square, Trident (UK nuclear programme), TSB Bank (United Kingdom), Twitter, UBS, UK Independence Party, Ulster loyalism, Under-occupancy penalty, Union dividend, Union of the Crowns, Unionism in Scotland, Unionism in the United Kingdom, Unitary state, United Kingdom Continental Shelf, United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 2016, United Kingdom general election, 1950, United Kingdom general election, 1997, United Kingdom general election, 2015, United Kingdom general election, 2017, United Kingdom general election, January 1910, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, United Nations Human Rights Committee, United Nations Security Council, Universal Credit, Universal suffrage, University College London, University of Aberdeen, University of Edinburgh, University of Glasgow, University of Oxford, University of St Andrews, University of Stirling, University of the West of Scotland, University of Western Ontario, Viviane Reding, Vlaamse Volksbeweging, Vladimir Putin, Wales, Wars of Scottish Independence, Weir Group, Welfare Reform Act 2012, Welfare state, West Dunbartonshire, West Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency), West Lothian, West Lothian question, White House, White paper, William Grant & Sons, Willie Rennie, Winston Churchill, Wood Group, Working class, Yes Scotland, YouGov, YouTube, 2012 Summer Olympics medal table, 2014 Commonwealth Games, 2014 Ryder Cup, 2016 Summer Olympics, 3rd Scottish Parliament. Expand index (471 more) »

Aberdeen

Aberdeen (Aiberdeen,; Obar Dheathain; Aberdonia) is Scotland's third most populous city, one of Scotland's 32 local government council areas and the United Kingdom's 37th most populous built-up area, with an official population estimate of 196,670 for the city of Aberdeen and for the local authority area.

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Aberdeenshire

Aberdeenshire (Siorrachd Obar Dheathain) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland.

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Act of Settlement 1701

The Act of Settlement is an Act of the Parliament of England that was passed in 1701 to settle the succession to the English and Irish crowns on Protestants only.

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Acts of Union 1707

The Acts of Union were two Acts of Parliament: the Union with Scotland Act 1706 passed by the Parliament of England, and the Union with England Act passed in 1707 by the Parliament of Scotland.

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Acts of Union 1800

The Acts of Union 1800 (sometimes erroneously referred to as a single Act of Union 1801) were parallel acts of the Parliament of Great Britain and the Parliament of Ireland which united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland (previously in personal union) to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.

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Adam Smith Institute

The Adam Smith Institute (ASI) is a neoliberal (formerly libertarian) think tank and lobbying group based in the United Kingdom, named after Adam Smith, a Scottish moral philosopher and classical economist.

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Advertising mail

Advertising mail, also known as direct mail (by its senders), junk mail (by its recipients), mailshot or admail, is the delivery of advertising material to recipients of postal mail.

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Advocate General for Scotland

Her Majesty's Advocate General for Scotland (Àrd-neach-tagraidh na Bànrighe airson Alba) is one of the Law Officers of the Crown, whose duty it is to advise the Crown and Government of the United Kingdom on Scots law.

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Aileen Campbell

Aileen Elizabeth Campbell (born 18 May 1980) is a Scottish Scottish National Party (SNP) politician serving as Cabinet Secretary for Communities and Local Government since 26 June 2018 and Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Clydesdale.

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Ailsa McKay

Ailsa McKay (7 June 1963 – 5 March 2014) was a Scottish economist, government policy adviser, a leading feminist economist and Professor of Economics at Glasgow Caledonian University.

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Alan Reid (politician)

Alan Reid (born 7 August 1954 in Ayr) is a Scottish politician.

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Alasdair Allan

Alasdair James Allan (born 6 May 1971) is the Scottish Government's Minister for International Development and Europe.

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Alastair Campbell

Alastair John Campbell (born 25 May 1957) is a British journalist, broadcaster, political aide and author, best known for his work as Tony Blair's spokesman and campaign director (1994–1997), followed by Downing Street Press Secretary (1997–2000), for Labour Prime Minister Tony Blair.

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Alex Salmond

Alexander Elliot Anderson Salmond (born 31 December 1954) is a Scottish politician who served as the First Minister of Scotland from 2007 to 2014.

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Alistair Carmichael

Alexander Morrison "Alistair" CarmichaelFull name is given as "CARMICHAEL, Alexander Morrison, commonly known as Alistair Carmichael" in the returning officer's (born 15 July 1965) is a Liberal Democrat politician and has served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Orkney and Shetland since the 2001 general election.

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Alistair Darling

Alistair Maclean Darling, Baron Darling of Roulanish, (born 28 November 1953) is a Labour Party politician who served as Chancellor of the Exchequer in the Labour Government from 2007-2010 and as a Member of Parliament (MP) from 1987 until he stepped down in 2015, most recently for Edinburgh South West.

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Alternative for Germany

Alternative for Germany (Alternative für Deutschland, AfD) is a right-wing to far-right political party in Germany.

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Anas Sarwar

Anas Sarwar (born 14 March 1983) is a Scottish Labour Party politician who has been a Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Glasgow region since the May 2016 election.

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Anders Fogh Rasmussen

Anders Fogh Rasmussen (born 26 January 1953) is a Danish politician who was the 24th Prime Minister of Denmark from November 2001 to April 2009 and the 12th Secretary General of NATO from August 2009 to October 2014.

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Andrew Murrison

Andrew William Murrison (born 24 April 1961, Colchester) is a British doctor, naval officer and politician.

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Angela Merkel

Angela Dorothea Merkel (Kasner, born 17 July 1954) is a German politician serving as Chancellor of Germany since 2005 and leader of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since 2000.

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Anglo-Scottish border

The Anglo-Scottish border between England and Scotland runs for 96 miles (154 km) between Marshall Meadows Bay on the east coast and the Solway Firth in the west.

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Angus MacDonald (politician)

Angus MacDonald JP DL (born 11 Ocbober 1963) is a Scottish SNP politician, MSP for Falkirk East since 2011.

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Angus MacNeil

Angus Brendan MacNeil (Aonghas Brianan MacNèill) (born 21 July 1970) is the Scottish National Party (SNP) Member of Parliament (MP) for Na h-Eileanan an Iar.

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Angus Robertson

Angus Struan Carolus Robertson (born 28 September 1969) is a Scottish politician who was the Deputy Leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP) and was the party's spokesperson on the Constitution in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom.

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Angus, Scotland

Angus (Aonghas) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland, a registration county and a lieutenancy area.

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Anne McGuire

Dame Anne Catherine McGuire DBE (born 26 May 1949) is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Stirling from 1997 to 2015, and served as a minister under successive Labour governments.

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Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation

The Crimean peninsula was annexed from Ukraine by the Russian Federation in February–March 2014.

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Argyll and Bute

Argyll and Bute (Earra-Ghàidheal agus Bòd) is both one of 32 unitary authority council areas and a lieutenancy area in Scotland.

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Argyll and Bute (UK Parliament constituency)

Argyll and Bute is a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Artur Mas

Artur Mas i Gavarró (born 31 January 1956) is a Spanish politician, Catalan nationalist.

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Asymmetric federalism

Asymmetric federalism or asymmetrical federalism is found in a federation or confederation in which different constituent states possess different powers: one or more of the states has considerably more autonomy than the other substates, although they have the same constitutional status.

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Balance of payments

The balance of payments, also known as balance of international payments and abbreviated B.O.P. or BoP, of a country is the record of all economic transactions between the residents of the country and of the world in a particular period (over a quarter of a year or more commonly over a year).

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Bank of Credit and Commerce International

The Bank of Credit and Commerce International (BCCI) was an international bank founded in 1972 by Agha Hasan Abedi, a Pakistani financier.

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Bank of England

The Bank of England, formally the Governor and Company of the Bank of England, is the central bank of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland and the model on which most modern central banks have been based.

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Barack Obama

Barack Hussein Obama II (born August 4, 1961) is an American politician who served as the 44th President of the United States from January 20, 2009, to January 20, 2017.

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Barnett formula

The Barnett formula is a mechanism used by the Treasury in the United Kingdom to automatically adjust the amounts of public expenditure allocated to Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales to reflect changes in spending levels allocated to public services in England, England and Wales or Great Britain, as appropriate.

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Barrel of oil equivalent

The barrel of oil equivalent (BOE) is a unit of energy based on the approximate energy released by burning one barrel (42 U.S. gallons or 158.9873 litres) of crude oil.

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Basic income

A basic income, also called basic income guarantee, universal basic income (UBI), basic living stipend (BLS) or universal demogrant, is a type of program in which citizens (or permanent residents) of a country may receive a regular sum of money from the government.

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Basque Country (autonomous community)

The Basque Country (Euskadi; País Vasco; Pays Basque), officially the Basque Autonomous Community (Euskal Autonomia Erkidegoa, EAE; Comunidad Autónoma Vasca, CAV) is an autonomous community in northern Spain.

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Battle of Bannockburn

The Battle of Bannockburn (Blàr Allt nam Bànag or Blàr Allt a' Bhonnaich) 24 June 1314 was a significant Scottish victory in the First War of Scottish Independence, and a landmark in Scottish history.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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BBC One Scotland

BBC One Scotland is a television channel operated by BBC Scotland.

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BBC Online

BBC Online, formerly known as BBCi, is the BBC's online service.

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BBC Pacific Quay

BBC Pacific Quay is BBC Scotland's television and radio studio complex at Pacific Quay, Glasgow, Scotland.

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BBC Scotland

BBC Scotland is a division of the BBC and the main public broadcaster in Scotland.

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BBC Two

BBC Two is the second flagship television channel of the British Broadcasting Corporation in the United Kingdom, Isle of Man and Channel Islands.

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Bernard Ponsonby

Bernard Ponsonby is a Scottish broadcast journalist working on regional news and current affairs programming for STV.

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Better Together (campaign)

Better Together was the principal campaign for a No vote in the Scottish independence referendum, 2014, advocating Scotland continuing to be part of the United Kingdom.

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Bill Kidd

William (Bill) Kidd (born 24 July 1956) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician, and Member of the Scottish Parliament for the Glasgow Anniesland constituency since 2011, having previously represented the Glasgow region 2007−2011.

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Blair Jenkins

Blair Jenkins (born 1957 in Elgin) is a former journalist who served as chief executive of Yes Scotland in the campaign for a "Yes" vote in the Scottish independence referendum, 2014.

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Bologna Process

The Bologna Process is a series of ministerial meetings and agreements between European countries to ensure comparability in the standards and quality of higher-education qualifications.

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Boris Johnson

Alexander Boris de Pfeffel Johnson (born 19 June 1964), best known as Boris Johnson, is a British politician, popular historian and journalist serving as Secretary of State for Foreign and Commonwealth Affairs since 2016 and the Member of Parliament (MP) for Uxbridge and South Ruislip since 2015.

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Brexit

Brexit is the impending withdrawal of the United Kingdom (UK) from the European Union (EU).

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British Armed Forces

The British Armed Forces, also known as Her/His Majesty's Armed Forces, are the military services responsible for the defence of the United Kingdom, its overseas territories and the Crown dependencies.

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British nationality law

British nationality law is the law of the United Kingdom which concerns citizenship and other categories of British nationality.

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British Summer Time

During British Summer Time (BST), civil time in the United Kingdom is advanced one hour forward of Greenwich Mean Time (GMT) (in effect, changing the time zone from UTC+0 to UTC+1), so that evenings have more daylight and mornings have less.

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C. J. Sansom

Christopher John "C.J." Sansom is a Scottish-born writer of historical crime novels.

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Cairn

A cairn is a human-made pile (or stack) of stones.

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Cameron–Clegg coalition

David Cameron and Nick Clegg formed the Cameron–Clegg coalition after the former was invited by Queen Elizabeth II to begin a new government, following the resignation of Prime Minister Gordon Brown on 11 May 2010.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Canadian Broadcasting Corporation

The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (Société Radio-Canada), branded as CBC/Radio-Canada, is a Canadian federal Crown corporation that serves as the national public broadcaster for both radio and television.

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Carnegie Endowment for International Peace

The Carnegie Endowment for International Peace (CEIP) is a foreign-policy think tank with centers in Washington D.C., Moscow, Beirut, Beijing, Brussels, and New Delhi.

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Caroline Flint

Caroline Louise Flint (born 20 September 1961) is a British Labour Party politician who has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for Don Valley since 1997.

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Carwyn Jones

Carwyn Howell Jones (born 21 March 1967) is a Welsh politician, currently First Minister of Wales.

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Catalan independence movement

The Catalan independence movement (independentisme català; Spanish: independentismo catalán) is a political movement historically derived from Catalan nationalism, which seeks independence of Catalonia from Spain.

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Catalan self-determination referendum, 2014

No description.

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Catalonia

Catalonia (Catalunya, Catalonha, Cataluña) is an autonomous community in Spain on the northeastern extremity of the Iberian Peninsula, designated as a nationality by its Statute of Autonomy.

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Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge

Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge (born Catherine Elizabeth Middleton; 9 January 1982) is a member of the British royal family.

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CERN

The European Organization for Nuclear Research (Organisation européenne pour la recherche nucléaire), known as CERN (derived from the name Conseil européen pour la recherche nucléaire), is a European research organization that operates the largest particle physics laboratory in the world.

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Chancellor of Germany

The title Chancellor has designated different offices in the history of Germany.

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Chancellor of the Exchequer

The Chancellor and Under-Treasurer of Her Majesty's Exchequer, commonly known as the Chancellor of the Exchequer, or simply the Chancellor, is a senior official within the Government of the United Kingdom and head of Her Majesty's Treasury.

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Chic Brodie (politician)

Charles "Chic" Gilchrist Brodie (born 8 May 1944) is a Scottish politician, who was a SNP Member of the Scottish Parliament for the South Scotland region from 2011 until 2016.

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Chris Hoy

Sir Christopher Andrew Hoy, MBE (born 23 March 1976), known as Chris Hoy, is a British racing driver and former track cyclist who represented Great Britain at the Olympics and World Championships and Scotland at the Commonwealth Games.

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Christina McKelvie

Christina McKelvie (born 4 March 1968) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician who is the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for the Hamilton, Larkhall and Stonehouse constituency, first elected to this position in 2011.

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Christine Grahame

Christine Grahame, formerly Creech (M.A, LLB, Dip. ED, Dip. LLP, NP; born 9 September 1944) is a Scottish politician.

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Clackmannanshire

Clackmannanshire (Scottish Gaelic: Siorrachd Chlach Mhannainn) is a historic county and council area in Scotland, bordering the council areas of Stirling, Fife and Perth & Kinross.

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Clydesdale (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Clydesdale is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Clydesdale Bank

Clydesdale Bank plc is a commercial bank in Scotland.

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Comhairle nan Eilean Siar

Comhairle nan Eilean Siar is the local government council for Na h-Eileanan Siar council area of Scotland, comprising the Outer Hebrides.

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Commission on Scottish Devolution

The Commission on Scottish Devolution, (Coimisean Fèin-riaghlaidh na h-Alba, Commeessioun on Scots Devolutioun), also referred to as the Calman Commission, Scottish Parliament Commission or Review was established by an opposition Labour Party motion passed by the Scottish Parliament on 6 December 2007, with the support of the Conservatives and Liberal Democrats.

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Committees of the Scottish Parliament

The Scottish Parliament has a number of committees, with small numbers of Members appointed to scrutinise the work of the Scottish Government.

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Common Agricultural Policy

The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) is the agricultural policy of the European Union.

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Common Travel Area

The Common Travel Area (CTA; Comhlimistéar Taistil) is an open borders area comprising the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, Ireland, the Isle of Man, and the Channel Islands.

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Commonwealth citizen

In general, a Commonwealth citizen is a citizen of a member state of the Commonwealth of Nations.

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Commonwealth of England

The Commonwealth was the period from 1649 to 1660 when England and Wales, later along with Ireland and Scotland, was ruled as a republic following the end of the Second English Civil War and the trial and execution of Charles I. The republic's existence was declared through "An Act declaring England to be a Commonwealth", adopted by the Rump Parliament on 19 May 1649.

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Commonwealth of Nations

The Commonwealth of Nations, often known as simply the Commonwealth, is an intergovernmental organisation of 53 member states that are mostly former territories of the British Empire.

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Communications Act 2003

The Communications Act 2003 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Conservative Party (UK)

The Conservative Party, officially the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom.

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Constitution of the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom does not have one specific constitutional document named as such.

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Craig Reedie

Sir Craig Collins Reedie, (born 6 May 1941) is a Scottish sports administrator, noteworthy as the current president of the World Anti-Doping Agency, a former Chairman of the British Olympic Association (1992–2005) and a Vice-President of, and a serving representative on, the International Olympic Committee.

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Credit rating

A credit rating is an evaluation of the credit risk of a prospective debtor (an individual, a business, company or a government), predicting their ability to pay back the debt, and an implicit forecast of the likelihood of the debtor defaulting.

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Crimean status referendum, 2014

A controversial referendum on the status of Crimea was held on March 16, 2014, by the legislature of the Autonomous Republic of Crimea and by the local government of Sevastopol (both subdivisions of Ukraine).

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Crown dependencies

Crown dependencies are three island territories off the coast of Britain which are self-governing possessions of the Crown.

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Cumbernauld and Kilsyth (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Cumbernauld and Kilsyth is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Currency substitution

Currency substitution, dollarization, or elminting (from el-, meaning foreign) is the use of a foreign currency in parallel to or instead of the domestic currency.

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Daily Record (Scotland)

The Daily Record is a Scottish tabloid newspaper based in Glasgow.

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Daniel Kawczynski

Daniel Robert Kawczynski (born 24 January 1972) is a British Conservative Party politician and Member of Parliament (MP) for Shrewsbury and Atcham in Shropshire, England.

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Darien scheme

The Darien scheme was an unsuccessful attempt by the Kingdom of Scotland to become a world trading nation by establishing a colony called "Caledonia" on the Isthmus of Panama on the Gulf of Darién in the late 1690s.

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David Cameron

David William Donald Cameron (born 9 October 1966) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 2010 to 2016 and Leader of the Conservative Party from 2005 to 2016.

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David Hamilton (politician)

Sir David Hamilton (born 24 October 1950) is a Scottish Labour Party politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Midlothian from 2001 to 2015.

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David Hayman

David Hayman (born 9 February 1948) is a Scottish film, television and stage actor and director, known for his role as DCS Mike Walker in ITV drama Trial & Retribution, as Jonas Franks in BBC period drama The Paradise and as Brace in the drama Taboo.

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David Mundell

David Gordon Mundell, (born 27 May 1962) is a British Conservative Party politician and solicitor.

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Democratic deficit

A democratic deficit (or democracy deficit) occurs when ostensibly democratic organizations or institutions (particularly governments) fall short of fulfilling the principles of democracy in their practices or operation where representative and linked parliamentary integrity becomes widely discussed.

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Demonstration (protest)

A demonstration or street protest is action by a mass group or collection of groups of people in favor of a political or other cause; it normally consists of walking in a mass march formation and either beginning with or meeting at a designated endpoint, or rally, to hear speakers.

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Dennis Canavan

Dennis Andrew Canavan (born 8 August 1942) is a Scottish politician.

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Deutsche Bank

Deutsche Bank AG is a German investment bank and financial services company headquartered in Frankfurt, Hesse, Germany.

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Dumfries and Galloway

Dumfries and Galloway (Dumfries an Gallowa, Dùn Phrìs is Gall-Ghaidhealaibh) is one of 32 unitary council areas of Scotland and is located in the western Southern Uplands.

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Dundee

Dundee (Dùn Dè) is Scotland's fourth-largest city and the 51st-most-populous built-up area in the United Kingdom.

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East Ayrshire

East Ayrshire (Aest Ayrshire, Siorrachd Àir an Ear) is one of thirty-two council areas of Scotland.

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East Dunbartonshire

East Dunbartonshire (Aest Dunbartanshire; Siorrachd Dhùn Bhreatainn an Ear) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland.

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East Kilbride (Scottish Parliament constituency)

East Kilbride is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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East Lothian

East Lothian (Aest Lowden, Lodainn an Ear), is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area.

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East Lothian (UK Parliament constituency)

East Lothian is a constituency in Scotland which returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

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East Renfrewshire

East Renfrewshire (Aest Renfrewshire, Siorrachd Rinn Friù an Ear) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland.

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East Renfrewshire (UK Parliament constituency)

East Renfrewshire (known as Eastwood from 1983 until 2005) is a constituency of the House of Commons, to the south of Glasgow, Scotland.

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EBay

eBay Inc. is a multinational e-commerce corporation based in San Jose, California that facilitates consumer-to-consumer and business-to-consumer sales through its website.

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Ed Balls

Edward Michael Balls (born 25 February 1967) is a retired British Labour and Co-operative politician who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Normanton from 2005 to 2010 and for Morley and Outwood from 2010 to 2015, when he lost his seat to Andrea Jenkyns of the Conservative Party.

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Ed Davey

Sir Edward Jonathan Davey (born 25 December 1965) is a British Liberal Democrat politician.

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Eddie Izzard

Edward John Izzard (born 7 February 1962) is an English stand-up comedian, actor, writer and political activist.

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Edinburgh

Edinburgh (Dùn Èideann; Edinburgh) is the capital city of Scotland and one of its 32 council areas.

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Edinburgh Agreement (2012)

The Edinburgh Agreement (full title: Agreement between the United Kingdom Government and the Scottish Government on a referendum on independence for Scotland) is the agreement between the Scottish Government and the United Kingdom Government, signed on 15 October 2012 at St Andrew's House, Edinburgh, on the terms for the Scottish independence referendum, 2014.

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Edinburgh East (UK Parliament constituency)

Edinburgh East is a burgh constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Edinburgh North and Leith (UK Parliament constituency)

Edinburgh North and Leith is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (at Westminster), first used in the 1997 general election.

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Edinburgh South (UK Parliament constituency)

Edinburgh South is a constituency of the House of Commons of the UK Parliament created in 1885.

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Edinburgh South West (UK Parliament constituency)

Edinburgh South West is a Scottish constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (Westminster), first used in the 2005 general election.

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Edinburgh West (UK Parliament constituency)

Edinburgh West is a burgh constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, first used at the 1885 general election.

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El País

El País (literally The Country) is the most read newspaper (231,140 printed copies) in Spain and the most circulated daily newspaper (180,765 circulation average), according to data certified by the Office of Justification of Dissemination (OJD) and referring to the period of January 2017 to December 2017.

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Elaine Murray

Elaine Kildare Murray (born 22 December 1954, Hitchin, Hertfordshire) is a Scottish Labour politician, Leader of Dumfries & Galloway Council and former Member of the Scottish Parliament for Dumfriesshire (previously Dumfries) since 1999.

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Election commission

An election commission is a body charged with overseeing the implementation of election procedures.

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Electoral Commission (United Kingdom)

The Electoral Commission is an independent body set up by the UK Parliament.

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Electoral Reform Society

The Electoral Reform Society (ERS) is a political pressure group based in the United Kingdom which promotes electoral reform.

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Elizabeth II

Elizabeth II (Elizabeth Alexandra Mary; born 21 April 1926) is Queen of the United Kingdom and the other Commonwealth realms.

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Elizabeth Symons, Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean

Elizabeth Conway Symons, Baroness Symons of Vernham Dean, PC (born 14 April 1951) is a British politician and former General Secretary of the FDA Trade Union and a Minister of State.

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Enda Kenny

Enda Patrick Kenny (born 24 April 1951) is an Irish Fine Gael politician who served as Taoiseach from 2011 to 2017, Leader of Fine Gael from 2002 to 2017, Minister for Defence from May 2014 to July 2014 and 2016 to 2017, Leader of the Opposition from 2002 to 2011, Minister for Tourism and Trade from 1994 to 1997 and Minister of State for Youth Affairs from 1986 to 1987.

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Erna Solberg

Erna Solberg (born 24 February 1961) is a Norwegian politician serving as Prime Minister of Norway since October 2013 and Leader of the Conservative Party since May 2004.

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Euro

The euro (sign: €; code: EUR) is the official currency of the European Union.

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EuroMillions

EuroMillions is a transnational lottery requiring 7 correct numbers to win the jackpot.

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European Court of Human Rights

The European Court of Human Rights (ECHR or ECtHR; Cour européenne des droits de l’homme) is a supranational or international court established by the European Convention on Human Rights.

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European Exchange Rate Mechanism

The European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM) was a system introduced by the European Economic Community on 13 March 1979, as part of the European Monetary System (EMS), to reduce exchange rate variability and achieve monetary stability in Europe, in preparation for Economic and Monetary Union and the introduction of a single currency, the euro, which took place on 1 January 1999.

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European Southern Observatory

The European Southern Observatory (ESO) is a 15-nation intergovernmental research organization for ground-based astronomy.

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European Space Agency

The European Space Agency (ESA; Agence spatiale européenne, ASE; Europäische Weltraumorganisation) is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states dedicated to the exploration of space.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Exit poll

An election exit poll is a poll of voters taken immediately after they have exited the polling stations.

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Facebook

Facebook is an American online social media and social networking service company based in Menlo Park, California.

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Falkirk (council area)

Falkirk is one of 32 unitary authority council areas of Scotland.

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Falkirk East (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Falkirk East is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Falkirk West (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Falkirk West is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Faroe Islands

The Faroe Islands (Føroyar; Færøerne), sometimes called the Faeroe Islands, is an archipelago between the Norwegian Sea and the North Atlantic, about halfway between Norway and Iceland, north-northwest of Scotland.

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Federal Reserve System

The Federal Reserve System (also known as the Federal Reserve or simply the Fed) is the central banking system of the United States of America.

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Federalism

Federalism is the mixed or compound mode of government, combining a general government (the central or 'federal' government) with regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system.

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Fife

Fife (Fìobha) is a council area and historic county of Scotland.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.

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Fiona O'Donnell

Fiona O'Donnell (née Kenny; born 27 January 1960) is a Scottish Labour Party politician and who was the Member of Parliament for East Lothian from 2010 to 2015.

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First Minister and deputy First Minister

The First Minister and deputy First Minister (Chéad-Aire agus an LeasChéad-Aire Thuaisceart Éireann) are the joint heads of the Northern Ireland Executive and have overall responsibility for the running of the Executive Office.

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First Minister of Scotland

The First Minister of Scotland (Prìomh Mhinistear na h-Alba; Heid Meinister o Scotland) is the leader of the Scottish Government.

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First Minister of Wales

The First Minister of Wales (Prif Weinidog Cymru) is the leader of the Welsh Government, Wales' devolved administration, which was established in 1999.

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Firth of Clyde

The Firth of Clyde is an inlet of the Atlantic Ocean off the southwest coast of Scotland, named for the River Clyde which empties into it.

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Fitch Ratings

Fitch Ratings Inc.

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Gemma Doyle (politician)

Gemma Doyle (born 13 April 1981) is a British Labour Co-operative politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for West Dunbartonshire between 2010 and 2015.

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George Adam

George James Adam (born 8 June 1969) is a Scottish National Party politician, and is the Member of the Scottish Parliament for the Paisley constituency, first elected in 2011 and then again in 2016.

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George Osborne

George Gideon Oliver Osborne (born 23 May 1971) is a British Conservative Party politician, who was Member of Parliament (MP) for Tatton from June 2001 until he stood down on 3 May 2017.

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George Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen

George Islay MacNeill Robertson, Baron Robertson of Port Ellen, (born 12 April 1946) is a British Labour Party politician who was the tenth Secretary General of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation from 1999 to 2004; he succeeded Javier Solana in that position.

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George Square

George Square is the principal civic square in the city of Glasgow, Scotland.

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Germany

Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.

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Glasgow

Glasgow (Glesga; Glaschu) is the largest city in Scotland, and third most populous in the United Kingdom.

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Glasgow Anniesland (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Glasgow Anniesland is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Glasgow Cathcart (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Glasgow Cathcart is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Glasgow Kelvin (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Glasgow Kelvin is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Glasgow Maryhill and Springburn (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Glasgow Maryhill and Springburn is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Glasgow Pollok (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Glasgow Pollok is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament.

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Glasgow Provan (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Glasgow Provan is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Glasgow Shettleston (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Glasgow Shettleston is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Glasgow Southside (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Glasgow Southside is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Glenn Campbell (broadcaster)

Glenn Campbell (born 1976) is a Scottish news and current affairs broadcaster, currently working for BBC Scotland.

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GMB (trade union)

The GMB is a general trade union in the United Kingdom which has more than 631,000 members.

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Good Friday Agreement

The Good Friday Agreement (GFA) or Belfast Agreement (Comhaontú Aoine an Chéasta or Comhaontú Bhéal Feirste; Ulster-Scots: Guid Friday Greeance or Bilfawst Greeance) was a major political development in the Northern Ireland peace process of the 1990s.

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Gordon Brown

James Gordon Brown (born 20 February 1951) is a British politician who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Labour Party from 2007 to 2010.

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Government Communications Headquarters

The Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) is an intelligence and security organisation responsible for providing signals intelligence (SIGINT) and information assurance to the government and armed forces of the United Kingdom.

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Government Expenditure and Revenue Scotland

Government Expenditure and Revenue Scotland (GERS) is an annual estimate of the Scottish economy as part of the United Kingdom.

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Government of the United Kingdom

The Government of the United Kingdom, formally referred to as Her Majesty's Government, is the central government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

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Grand Orange Lodge of Scotland

The Grand Orange Lodge of Scotland, or Loyal Orange Institution of Scotland, is the branch of the Orange Order in Scotland.

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Grangemouth Refinery

Grangemouth Refinery is a mature oil refinery complex located on the Firth of Forth in Grangemouth, Scotland.

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Great Depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression that took place mostly during the 1930s, beginning in the United States.

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Great Ormond Street Hospital

Great Ormond Street Hospital (informally GOSH or Great Ormond Street, formerly the Hospital for Sick Children) is a children's hospital located in the Bloomsbury area of the London Borough of Camden, and a part of Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust.

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Gretna, Dumfries and Galloway

Gretna (Greatna) is a town in Dumfries and Galloway, Scotland.

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Harry Burns (doctor)

Sir Henry Burns (born 1951), known generally as Harry Burns, is the professor of global public health, University of Strathclyde, having been the Chief Medical Officer for Scotland from September 2005 to April 2014.

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Hashtag

A hashtag is a type of metadata tag used on social networks such as Twitter and other microblogging services, allowing users to apply dynamic, user-generated tagging which makes it possible for others to easily find messages with a specific theme or content; it allows easy, informal markup of folk taxonomy without need of any formal taxonomy or markup language.

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Health care

Health care or healthcare is the maintenance or improvement of health via the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, illness, injury, and other physical and mental impairments in human beings.

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Henry McLeish

Henry Baird McLeish (born 15 June 1948) is a Scottish Labour Party politician, author and academic who briefly served as the First Minister of Scotland from 2000 until 2001, when he had to resign following a financial scandal, the first major scandal to face the Scottish Parliament since its reincarnation.

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Highland (council area)

Highland (A' Ghàidhealtachd;, Heilan) is a council area in the Scottish Highlands and is the largest local government area in the United Kingdom.

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History of Scottish devolution

The decision of the Parliament of Scotland to ratify the Treaty of Union in 1707 was not unanimous and, from that time, individuals and organisations have advocated the reinstatement of a Scottish Parliament.

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History of the Scottish National Party

In Scotland, the Scottish National Party (SNP) is a centre left, social democratic political party which campaigns for Scottish independence.

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HMNB Clyde

Her Majesty's Naval Base, Clyde (HMNB Clyde; also HMS Neptune) primarily sited at Faslane is one of three operating bases in the United Kingdom for the Royal Navy (the others being HMNB Devonport and HMNB Portsmouth).

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House of Commons of the United Kingdom

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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House of Lords

The House of Lords of the United Kingdom, also known as the House of Peers, is the upper house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Iain McKenzie

Iain McKenzie (born 4 April 1959) is a Scottish Labour politician, who was formerly the Member of Parliament for Inverclyde.

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Ian Murray (British politician)

Ian Murray (born 10 August 1976) is a British Labour Party politician who has represented Edinburgh South as Member of Parliament (MP) since the 2010 general election.

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Ian Taylor (British businessman)

Ian Roper Taylor (born 7 February 1956) is chairman and former Global CEO of The Vitol Group, the world's largest independent energy trader.

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Ian Wood (businessman)

Sir Ian Clark Wood, (born 21 July 1942) is a Scottish businessman and philanthropist.

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Iñigo Urkullu

Íñigo Urkullu Renteria (born 18 September 1961) is a Spanish politician from Alonsotegi, the Lehendakari of the Basque Government since 2012.

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ICM Research

ICM Research is a public opinion research company that was founded in 1989.

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Income in the United Kingdom

In terms of global poverty criteria, the United Kingdom is a wealthy country, with virtually no people living on less than £4 a day.

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Institute for Fiscal Studies

The Institute for Fiscal Studies is an economic research institute based in London, United Kingdom, which specialises in UK taxation and public policy.

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Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland

The Institute of Chartered Accountants of Scotland (ICAS) is the world's first professional body of Chartered Accountants (CAs).

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Institute of Directors

The Institute of Directors (IoD) is a business organisation for company directors, senior business leaders and entrepreneurs.

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International Olympic Committee

The International Olympic Committee (IOC; French: Comité International Olympique, CIO) is a Swiss private non-governmental organisation based in Lausanne, Switzerland, which is the authority responsible for the modern Olympic Games.

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Inverclyde

Inverclyde (Inbhir Chluaidh,, "mouth of the Clyde", Inerclyde) is one of 32 council areas used for local government in Scotland.

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Inverclyde (UK Parliament constituency)

Inverclyde is a parliamentary constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Ireland

Ireland (Éire; Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic.

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Irish Free State

The Irish Free State (Saorstát Éireann; 6 December 192229 December 1937) was a state established in 1922 under the Anglo-Irish Treaty of December 1921.

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Isle of Man

The Isle of Man (Ellan Vannin), also known simply as Mann (Mannin), is a self-governing British Crown dependency in the Irish Sea between the islands of Great Britain and Ireland.

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Italy

Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.

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J. K. Rowling

Joanne Rowling, ("rolling";Rowling, J.K. (16 February 2007).. Accio Quote (accio-quote.org). Retrieved 28 April 2008. born 31 July 1965), writing under the pen names J. K. Rowling and Robert Galbraith, is a British novelist, philanthropist, film and television producer and screenwriter best known for writing the Harry Potter fantasy series.

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James Callaghan

Leonard James Callaghan, Baron Callaghan of Cardiff, (27 March 1912 – 26 March 2005), often known as Jim Callaghan, served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1976 to 1979 and Leader of the Labour Party from 1976 to 1980.

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James Dornan

James Dornan (born 17 March 1953) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician who is Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Glasgow Cathcart.

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James Kelly (Scottish politician)

James Anthony Kelly (born 23 October 1963) is a Scottish Labour and Co-operative Member of the Scottish Parliament for Glasgow and serves as Labour's Shadow Finance Secretary.

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James VI and I

James VI and I (James Charles Stuart; 19 June 1566 – 27 March 1625) was King of Scotland as James VI from 24 July 1567 and King of England and Ireland as James I from the union of the Scottish and English crowns on 24 March 1603 until his death in 1625.

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Jamie Hepburn

James Douglas Hepburn (born 21 May 1979, Glasgow) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician serving as Minister for Business, Fair Work and Skills since 26 June 2018.

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Ján Figeľ

Ján Figeľ (born 20 January 1960) is a Slovak politician who was European Commissioner for Education, Training & Culture from 2004 to 2009.

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Jean Urquhart

Jean Urquhart (born 17 May 1949) is a Scottish politician.

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Jim Murphy

James Francis Murphy (born 23 August 1967) is a Scottish former politician who was Leader of the Scottish Labour Party between 2014 and 2015 and a cabinet minister in the UK Government.

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Jim Sillars

James Sillars (born 4 October 1937) is a Scottish politician and a leading figure in the campaign for Scottish independence.

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Jim Wallace, Baron Wallace of Tankerness

James Robert Wallace, Baron Wallace of Tankerness,, FRSE (born 25 August 1954) is a British politician and former leader of the Liberal Democrats in the House of Lords.

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Jimmy Reid Foundation

The Jimmy Reid Foundation is a left-wing think tank and advocacy group operating in Scotland.

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Johann Lamont

Johann MacDougall Lamont (born 11 July 1957) is a Scottish politician, who was the Leader of the Scottish Labour Party from 2011-2014.

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John Baird (Canadian politician)

John Russell Baird, (born May 26, 1969) is a Canadian former politician.

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John Barrowman

John Scot Barrowman (born 11 March 1967) is a Scottish-American actor, singer, presenter and writer.

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John Curtice

Sir John Kevin Curtice, (born 10 December 1953) is a political scientist who is currently Professor of Politics at the University of Strathclyde and Senior Research Fellow at NatCen Social Research.

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John Finnie

John Bradford Finnie (born 31 December 1956) is a Scottish Green Party politician.

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John Major

Sir John Major (born 29 March 1943) is a British politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Conservative Party from 1990 to 1997.

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John Mason (Scottish politician)

John Fingland Mason (born 15 May 1957) is a Scottish politician, and the Scottish National Party Member of the Scottish Parliament for Glasgow Shettleston.

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John Pentland

John Williamson Pentland is a Scottish politician who formerly represented the Motherwell and Wishaw constituency, in the Labour interest, in the Scottish Parliament 2011−2016.

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José Manuel Barroso

José Manuel Durão Barroso (born 23 March 1956) is a Portuguese politician who is the current non-executive chairman at Goldman Sachs International.

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Kingdom of England

The Kingdom of England (French: Royaume d'Angleterre; Danish: Kongeriget England; German: Königreich England) was a sovereign state on the island of Great Britain from the 10th century—when it emerged from various Anglo-Saxon kingdoms—until 1707, when it united with Scotland to form the Kingdom of Great Britain.

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Kingdom of Great Britain

The Kingdom of Great Britain, officially called simply Great Britain,Parliament of the Kingdom of England.

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Kingdom of Ireland

The Kingdom of Ireland (Classical Irish: Ríoghacht Éireann; Modern Irish: Ríocht Éireann) was a nominal state ruled by the King or Queen of England and later the King or Queen of Great Britain that existed in Ireland from 1542 until 1800.

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Kingdom of Scotland

The Kingdom of Scotland (Rìoghachd na h-Alba; Kinrick o Scotland) was a sovereign state in northwest Europe traditionally said to have been founded in 843.

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Kirkcaldy

Kirkcaldy (Cair Chaladain) is a town and former royal burgh in Fife, on the east coast of Scotland.

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Labour Party (UK)

The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom.

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Large Hadron Collider

The Large Hadron Collider (LHC) is the world's largest and most powerful particle collider, the most complex experimental facility ever built and the largest single machine in the world.

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Leading question

In common law systems that rely on testimony by witnesses, a leading question or suggestive interrogation is a question that suggests the particular answer or contains the information the examiner is looking to have confirmed.

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Lehendakari

The President of the Basque Government (Eusko Jaurlaritzako lehendakaria, presidente del Gobierno Vasco), usually known in English as the Lehendakari (lehendakari, lendakari), is the head of government of the Basque Autonomous Community.

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Lerwick Declaration

The Lerwick Declaration refers to an announcement made by First Minister Alex Salmond on behalf of the Scottish Government on 25 July 2013, which revealed that a ministerial working group would examine the prospect of decentralising power to Shetland, Orkney, and the Western Isles.

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Liam McArthur

Liam Scott McArthur (born 8 August 1967) is a Scottish Liberal Democrat politician and Member of the Scottish Parliament for Orkney since 2007.

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Liberal Democrats (UK)

The Liberal Democrats (often referred to as Lib Dems) are a liberal British political party, formed in 1988 as a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a splinter group from the Labour Party, which had formed the SDP–Liberal Alliance from 1981.

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Linda Fabiani

Linda Fabiani (born 14 December 1956 in Glasgow) is a Scottish politician, with Italian origins.

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List of endorsements in the Scottish independence referendum, 2014

This page lists individuals and organisations who publicly expressed an opinion regarding the Scottish independence referendum, 2014.

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List of United Kingdom general elections

This is a list of United Kingdom general elections (elections for the UK House of Commons) since the first in 1802.

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Lloyds Banking Group

Lloyds Banking Group plc is a major British financial institution formed through the acquisition of HBOS by Lloyds TSB in 2009.

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London School of Economics

The London School of Economics (officially The London School of Economics and Political Science, often referred to as LSE) is a public research university located in London, England and a constituent college of the federal University of London.

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Lord Protector

Lord Protector (pl. Lords Protectors) is a title that has been used in British constitutional law for the head of state.

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Lucinda Creighton

Lucinda Creighton (born 20 January 1980) is a former Irish politician and leader of the party she helped found, Renua Ireland.

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Manifesto

A manifesto is a published verbal declaration of the intentions, motives, or views of the issuer, be it an individual, group, political party or government.

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March and Rally for Scottish Independence

The March and Rally for Scottish Independence was a demonstration in support of Scottish independence that had taken place in Scotland's capital, Edinburgh, in both 2012 and 2013.

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Margo MacDonald

Margo Symington MacDonald (née Aitken; 19 April 1943 – 4 April 2014) was a Scottish teacher, broadcaster and politician.

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Mariano Rajoy

Mariano Rajoy Brey (born 27 March 1955) is a Spanish politician who served as Prime Minister of Spain from 2011 to 2018, when a vote of no confidence ousted his government.

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Mariot Leslie

Dame Alison Mariot Leslie, (born 25 June 1954), known as Mariot Leslie, is a former British diplomat whose last post was Permanent Representative to NATO.

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Mark Lazarowicz

Mark Lazarowicz (born Marek Lazarowicz; 8 August 1953) is a British Labour Co-operative politician and lawyer who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Edinburgh North and Leith from 2001 to 2015.

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Martin Compston

Martin Compston (born 8 May 1984) is a Scottish actor and former professional footballer.

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Mary Pitcaithly

Mary Pitcaithly OBE is a Scottish civil servant who served as Chief Executive of Falkirk Council and the Convener of the Electoral Management Board for Scotland.

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Matteo Renzi

Matteo Renzi (born 11 January 1975) is an Italian politician who served as the Prime Minister of Italy from February 2014 until December 2016.

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Mayor of London

The Mayor of London is the head of the executive body of the Greater London Authority.

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Mayor of New York City

The Mayor of the City of New York is head of the executive branch of New York City's government.

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Menzies Campbell

Walter Menzies Campbell, Baron Campbell of Pittenweem, (born 22 May 1941), often known as Ming Campbell, is a British Liberal Democrat politician, advocate and former athlete.

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Meta Ramsay, Baroness Ramsay of Cartvale

Margaret Mildred "Meta" Ramsay, Baroness Ramsay of Cartvale (born 12 July 1936) is a Labour Party member of the House of Lords.

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MI5

The Security Service, also MI5 (Military Intelligence, Section 5), is the United Kingdom's domestic counter-intelligence and security agency and is part of its intelligence machinery alongside the Secret Intelligence Service (MI6), Government Communications Headquarters (GCHQ) and Defence Intelligence (DI).

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Michael Ashcroft

Michael Anthony P. Ashcroft, Baron Ashcroft, (born 4 March 1946) is a British-Belizean businessman and politician.

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Michael Bloomberg

Michael Rubens Bloomberg (born on February 14, 1942) is an American businessman, engineer, author, politician, and philanthropist.

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Michael Matheson (politician)

Michael Stephen Matheson (born 8 September 1970) is a Scottish politician who serving as Cabinet Secretary for Transport, Infrastructure and Connectivity since 26 June 2018, having served as the Cabinet Secretary for Justice from 2014 to 2018.

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Michael Moore (British politician)

Michael Kevin Moore (born 3 June 1965) is a British Liberal Democrat politician.

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Michael Rake

Sir Michael Derek Vaughan Rake (born 17 January 1948) is a British businessman, former chairman of BT Group, chairman of Worldpay and a director of S&P Global.

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Michael Russell (politician)

Michael William "Mike" Russell, (born 9 August 1953) is a Scottish National Party (SNP) politician serving as Cabinet Secretary for Government Business and Constitutional Relations since 26 June 2018 and Member of the Scottish Parliament for Argyll and Bute.

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Middle Ages

In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.

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Middle class

The middle class is a class of people in the middle of a social hierarchy.

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Midlothian

Midlothian (Midlowden, Meadhan Lodainn) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, UK.

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Midlothian (UK Parliament constituency)

Midlothian in Scotland, is a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Mike Crockart

Michael Bruce Crockart (born 19 March 1966) is a Scottish Liberal Democrat politician.

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Minister for International Security Strategy

The Minister for International Security Strategy was a British government position.

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Minister of Foreign Affairs (Canada)

The Minister of Foreign Affairs (Ministre des Affaires étrangères) is the Minister of the Crown in the Canadian Cabinet who is responsible for overseeing the federal government's international relations and heads the Department of Global Affairs, though the Minister of International Trade leads on international trade issues.

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Minister of State for European Affairs

The Minister of State at the Department of Foreign Affairs (with special responsibility for European Affairs) is a junior ministerial post in the Department of Foreign Affairs of the Government of Ireland with special responsibility for European Affairs.

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Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Russia)

The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MFA Russia; Министерство иностранных дел Российской Федерации, МИД РФ) is the central government institution charged with leading the foreign policy and foreign relations of Russia.

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Minority government

A minority government, or minority cabinet or minority parliament, is a cabinet formed in a parliamentary system when a political party or coalition of parties does not have a majority of overall seats in the parliament.

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Moody's Investors Service

Moody's Investors Service, often referred to as Moody's, is the bond credit rating business of Moody's Corporation, representing the company's traditional line of business and its historical name.

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Moray

Moray (Moireibh or Moireabh, Moravia, Mýræfi) is one of the 32 Local Government council areas of Scotland.

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Moray (UK Parliament constituency)

Moray is a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Motherwell and Wishaw (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Motherwell and Wishaw is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Na h-Eileanan an Iar (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Na h-Eileanan an Iar, formerly Western Isles, is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Na h-Eileanan an Iar (UK Parliament constituency)

Na h-Eileanan an Iar (formerly Western Isles) is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, created in 1918.

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Nate Silver

Nathaniel Read Silver (born January 13, 1978) is an American statistician and writer who analyzes baseball (see sabermetrics) and elections (see psephology).

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National Collective

National Collective was a political organisation self-described as an "open and non-party group of artists and creatives" who support Scottish independence active from 2011-2015.

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National Conversation

The National Conversation was the name given to the Scottish Government's public consultation exercise regarding possible future changes in the power of the devolved Scottish Parliament and the possibility of Scottish independence, a policy objective of the Scottish National Party, who at the time were the minority government with power over devolved affairs in Scotland, as the Scottish Government.

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National Institute of Economic and Social Research

The National Institute of Economic and Social Research (NIESR), established in 1938, is Britain's oldest independent economic research institute.

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NATO

The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO; Organisation du Traité de l'Atlantique Nord; OTAN), also called the North Atlantic Alliance, is an intergovernmental military alliance between 29 North American and European countries.

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Nazi salute

The Nazi salute, or Hitler salute (Hitler Greeting), is a gesture that was used as a greeting in Nazi Germany.

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NHS Scotland

NHS Scotland, sometimes styled NHSScotland is the publicly funded healthcare system in Scotland.

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Nicola Sturgeon

Nicola Ferguson Sturgeon (born 19 July 1970) is a Scottish politician who is the current First Minister of Scotland and leader of the Scottish National Party (SNP), in office since November 2014.

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Nigel Farage

Nigel Paul Farage (While Farage himself pronounces it thus, he has stated that he does not mind if the alternative pronunciation of is used by others –, Newsnight (YouTube – UKIP webmaster's channel), 18 April 2010. Retrieved 13 May 2013. born 3 April 1964) is a British politician, broadcaster and political analyst who was the leader of the UK Independence Party (UKIP) from 2006 to 2009 and again from 2010 to 2016.

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Nordic countries

The Nordic countries or the Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as Norden (literally "the North").

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North Ayrshire

North Ayrshire (Siorrachd Àir a Tuath) is one of 32 council areas in Scotland.

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North Lanarkshire

North Lanarkshire (North Lanrikshire, Siorrachd Lannraig a Tuath) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland.

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North Sea oil

North Sea oil is a mixture of hydrocarbons, comprising liquid petroleum and natural gas, produced from petroleum reservoirs beneath the North Sea.

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Northern Ireland

Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann; Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland, variously described as a country, province or region.

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Northern Ireland border poll, 1973

The Northern Ireland border poll was a referendum held in Northern Ireland on 8 March 1973 on whether Northern Ireland should remain part of the United Kingdom or join with the Republic of Ireland to form a united Ireland.

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Northern Isles

The Northern Isles (Northren Isles; Na h-Eileanan a Tuath; Norðreyjar) are a pair of archipelagos off the north coast of mainland Scotland, comprising Orkney and Shetland.

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Norway

Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.

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NRK

NRK (an abbreviation of the Norwegian: Norsk rikskringkasting AS, generally expressed in English as the Norwegian Broadcasting Corporation) is the Norwegian government-owned radio and television public broadcasting company, and the largest media organisation in Norway.

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NRS social grade

The NRS social grades are a system of demographic classification used in the United Kingdom.

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Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom

In October 1952, the United Kingdom (UK) became the third country to independently develop and test nuclear weapons.

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Office of Gas and Electricity Markets

The Office of Gas and Electricity Markets (Ofgem), supporting the Gas and Electricity Markets Authority (GEMA), is the government regulator for the electricity and downstream natural gas markets in Great Britain.

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Oliver Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell (25 April 15993 September 1658) was an English military and political leader.

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Olli Rehn

Olli Ilmari Rehn (born 31 March 1962 in Mikkeli, Finland) is a Finnish politician, a member of the Centre Party of Finland.

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Opt-outs in the European Union

In general, the law of the European Union is valid in all of the twenty-eight European Union member states.

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Orange Order

The Loyal Orange Institution, more commonly known as the Orange Order, is a Protestant fraternal order based primarily in Northern Ireland.

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Order in Council

An Order in Council is a type of legislation in many countries, especially the Commonwealth realms.

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Orkney

Orkney (Orkneyjar), also known as the Orkney Islands, is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland, situated off the north coast of Great Britain.

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Orkney (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Orkney is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Orkney and Shetland (UK Parliament constituency)

Orkney and Shetland is a constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Outer Hebrides

The Outer Hebrides, also known as the Western Isles (Na h-Eileanan Siar or Na h-Eileanan an Iar), Innse Gall ("islands of the strangers") or the Long Isle or the Long Island (An t-Eilean Fada), is an island chain off the west coast of mainland Scotland.

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Paisley (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Paisley is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Parti Québécois

The Parti Québécois (French for Quebec Party; PQ) is a sovereignist provincial political party in Quebec in Canada.

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Party political broadcast

A party political broadcast (also known, in pre-election campaigning periods, as a party election broadcast) is a television or radio broadcast made by a political party.

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Patricia Ferguson

Patricia Josephine Ferguson (born 24 September 1958, Glasgow) was a Labour Member of the Scottish Parliament for Glasgow Maryhill and Springburn, a seat which she held since 2011, having previously (1999-2011) been an MSP for the then Glasgow Maryhill constituency.

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Patrick Harvie

Patrick Harvie (born 18 March 1973) is the co-convener of the Scottish Green Party (with Maggie Chapman) and Member of the Scottish Parliament for the Glasgow region.

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Paul Martin (Scottish politician)

Paul Martin (born 17 March 1967 in Glasgow) is a Scottish Labour politician, who served as the Member of the Scottish Parliament for the Glasgow Provan constituency from 2011 until his defeat in 2016, and as the Member of the Scottish Parliament for Glasgow Springburn from 1999 to 2011.

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Paul Mason (journalist)

Paul Mason (born 23 January 1960) is a British commentator and radio personality.

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Penrith and The Border (UK Parliament constituency)

Penrith and the Border is a constituency in Cumbria represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament since 2010 by Rory Stewart, a Conservative.

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Pension

A pension is a fund into which a sum of money is added during an employee's employment years, and from which payments are drawn to support the person's retirement from work in the form of periodic payments.

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Personal union

A personal union is the combination of two or more states that have the same monarch while their boundaries, laws, and interests remain distinct.

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Personation

Personation (rather than ''im''personation) is a primarily-legal term, meaning 'to assume the identity of another person with intent to deceive'.

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Perth and Kinross

Perth and Kinross (Pairth an Kinross, Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland and a Lieutenancy Area.

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Peter Robinson (Northern Ireland politician)

Peter David Robinson (born 29 December 1948) is a retired Irish politician who was First Minister of Northern Ireland from 2008 until his retirement in 2016, and Leader of the Democratic Unionist Party (DUP) from 2008 until 2015.

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Philippe Couillard

Philippe Couillard (born June 26, 1957) is the 31st and current Premier of Quebec, leader of the Quebec Liberal Party and a former university professor and neurosurgeon in Quebec, Canada.

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Police Scotland

Police Scotland (Poileas Alba; Polis Scotland) – legally named the Police Service of Scotland – is the national police force of Scotland.

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Politics of the United Kingdom

The United Kingdom is a unitary state with devolution that is governed within the framework of a parliamentary democracy under a constitutional monarchy in which the monarch, currently Queen Elizabeth II, is the head of state while the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, currently Theresa May, is the head of government.

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Polling place

A polling place is where voters cast their ballots in elections.

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Portsmouth

Portsmouth is a port city in Hampshire, England, mainly on Portsea Island, south-west of London and south-east of Southampton.

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Pound sterling

The pound sterling (symbol: £; ISO code: GBP), commonly known as the pound and less commonly referred to as Sterling, is the official currency of the United Kingdom, Jersey, Guernsey, the Isle of Man, South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands, the British Antarctic Territory, and Tristan da Cunha.

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Premier of Quebec

The Premier of Quebec (French: Premier ministre du Québec (masculine) or Première ministre du Québec (feminine)) is the head of government of the Canadian province of Quebec.

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President of the European Commission

The President of the European Commission is the head of the European Commission, the executive branch of the:European Union.

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President of the Generalitat of Catalonia

The President of the Generalitat of Catalonia (President de la Generalitat de Catalunya) is one of the bodies that the Statute of Autonomy of Catalonia stipulates as part of the Generalitat de Catalunya, others being the Parliament, the government, the Consell de Garanties Estatutàries and the Síndic de Greuges.

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Prime Minister of Italy

The President of the Council of Ministers of the Italian Republic (Italian: Presidente del Consiglio dei ministri della Repubblica Italiana), commonly referred to in Italy as Presidente del Consiglio, or informally as Premier and known in English as the Prime Minister of Italy, is the head of government of the Italian Republic.

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Prime Minister of Norway

The Prime Minister of Norway (statsminister, literally the "minister of the state") is the head of government of Norway and the most powerful person in Norwegian politics.

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Prime Minister of Spain

The Prime Minister of Spain, officially the President of the Government of Spain (Presidente del Gobierno de España), is the head of the government of Spain.

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Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the United Kingdom government.

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Princes Street Gardens

Princes Street Gardens is a public park in the centre of Edinburgh, Scotland, in the shadow of Edinburgh Castle.

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Princess Charlotte of Cambridge

Princess Charlotte of Cambridge (Charlotte Elizabeth Diana; born 2 May 2015) is a member of the British royal family.

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Privy Council of the United Kingdom

Her Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council, usually known simply as the Privy Council, is a formal body of advisers to the Sovereign of the United Kingdom.

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Proposed second Scottish independence referendum

The Scottish Government has proposed holding a second referendum on Scottish independence from the United Kingdom (UK).

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Public expenditure

Public expenditure is spending made by the government of a country on collective needs and wants such as pension, provision, infrastructure, etc.

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Quebec referendum, 1980

The 1980 Quebec independence referendum was the first referendum in Quebec on the place of Quebec within Canada and whether Quebec should pursue a path toward sovereignty.

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Quebec referendum, 1995

The 1995 Quebec independence referendum was the second referendum to ask voters in the Canadian French-speaking province of Quebec whether Quebec should proclaim national sovereignty and become an independent country, with the condition precedent of offering a political and economic agreement to Canada.

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Quebec sovereignty movement

The Quebec sovereignty movement (Mouvement souverainiste du Québec) is a political movement as well as an ideology of values, concepts and ideas that advocates independence for the Canadian province of Quebec.

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Rachel Reeves

Rachel Jane Reeves (born 13 February 1979) is a British economist and Labour Party politician.

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Renewable energy in Scotland

The production of renewable energy in Scotland is an issue that has come to the fore in technical, economic, and political terms during the opening years of the 21st century.

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Renfrewshire

Renfrewshire (Siorrachd Rinn Friù, Renfrewshire) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland.

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Republic of Ireland

Ireland (Éire), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland.

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Research Councils UK

Research Councils UK, known as RCUK, was a non-departmental public body which coordinated science policy in the United Kingdom.

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Reserved and excepted matters

In the United Kingdom reserved matters and excepted matters are the areas of government policy where the UK Parliament had kept the power (jurisdiction) to make laws (legislate) in Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland.

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Restoration (England)

The Restoration of the English monarchy took place in the Stuart period.

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Richard Bacon (politician)

Richard Michael Bacon (born 3 December 1962, Solihull) is a British Conservative Party politician who has been Member of Parliament (MP) for South Norfolk since 2001.

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Richard Shirreff

General Sir Alexander Richard David Shirreff, (born 21 October 1955) is a retired senior British Army officer and author.

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RNAD Coulport

Royal Naval Armaments Depot Coulport, shortened to RNAD Coulport, on Loch Long in Argyll, Scotland, is the storage and loading facility for the nuclear warheads of the United Kingdom's Trident programme.

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Robert Peston

Robert James Kenneth Peston (born 25 April 1960) is a British journalist, presenter, and founder of the education charity Speakers for Schools.

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Robert Smith, Baron Smith of Kelvin

Robert Haldane Smith, Baron Smith of Kelvin, (born 8 August 1944 at Glasgow) is a British businessman and former Governor of the British Broadcasting Corporation.

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Rory Stewart

Roderick James Nugent "Rory" Stewart, FRSGS (born 3 January 1973) is a British politician, diplomat, and writer.

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Ross Kemp

Ross James Kemp (born 21 July 1964) is an English actor, author and investigative journalist.

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Royal assent

Royal assent or sanction is the method by which a country's monarch (possibly through a delegated official) formally approves an act of that nation's parliament.

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Royal Bank of Scotland

The Royal Bank of Scotland (Banca Rìoghail na h-Alba, Ryal Bank o Scotland, Banc Brenhinol yr Alban), commonly abbreviated as RBS, is one of the retail banking subsidiaries of The Royal Bank of Scotland Group plc, together with NatWest and Ulster Bank.

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Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.

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Royal United Services Institute

The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies (RUSI), sometimes still referred to by its pre-2004 name, the Royal United Services Institution, is a British defence and security think tank.

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Rule, Britannia!

"Rule, Britannia!" is a British patriotic song, originating from the poem "Rule, Britannia" by James Thomson and set to music by Thomas Arne in 1740.

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Russia

Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.

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Ruth Davidson

Ruth Elizabeth Davidson (born 10 November 1978) is a Scottish politician serving as Leader of the Scottish Conservative Party since 2011 and leader of the second largest party in the Scottish Parliament since 2016.

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Rutherglen (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Rutherglen is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Salmond & Darling: The Debate

Salmond & Darling: The Debate is a Scottish television debate that was first broadcast on STV on 5 August 2014.

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Sandra White

Sandra White (born 17 August 1951) is a Scottish politician, the Scottish National Party MSP for the Glasgow Kelvin constituency.

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Schengen Area

The Schengen Area is an area comprising 26 European states that have officially abolished passport and all other types of border control at their mutual borders.

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Scotland

Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

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Scotland Act 1998

The Scotland Act 1998 (c. 46) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which established the devolved Scottish Parliament with tax varying powers and the Scottish Government (then Scottish Executive).

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Scotland Act 2012

The Scotland Act 2012 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Scotland Act 2016

The Scotland Act 2016 is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Scotland Decides: Salmond versus Darling

Scotland Decides: Salmond versus Darling is a Scottish television debate that was first broadcast on BBC One Scotland on 25 August 2014.

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Scotland Institute

The Scotland Institute is a think tank operating in Scotland which describes itself as "progressive and independent".

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Scotland Tonight

Scotland Tonight is a Scottish news and current affairs programme, covering the two STV franchise areas of Northern and Central Scotland, produced by STV News.

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Scotland's Future

Scotland's Future is a government white paper published on 26 November 2013 by the Scottish Government under First Minister Alex Salmond.

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Scottish Adjacent Waters Boundaries Order 1999

The Scottish Adjacent Waters Boundaries Order 1999 is a statutory instrument of the United Kingdom government, defining "the boundaries between waters which are to be treated as internal waters or territorial sea of the United Kingdom adjacent to Scotland and those which are not." It was introduced in accordance with the Scotland Act 1998, which established the devolved Scottish Parliament.

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Scottish Assembly

The Scottish Assembly was a proposed legislature for Scotland that would have devolved a set list of powers from the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Scottish Borders

The Scottish Borders (The Mairches, "The Marches"; Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan na h-Alba) is one of 32 council areas of Scotland.

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Scottish Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament

The Scottish Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (Scottish CND) is the Scottish representative body of the Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament (CND).

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Scottish Council for Voluntary Organisations

The Scottish Council for Voluntary Organisations (SCVO) is the national membership body for Scotland’s charities, voluntary organisations and social enterprises.

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Scottish Covenant

The Scottish Covenant was a petition to the United Kingdom government to create a home rule Scottish parliament.

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Scottish devolution referendum, 1979

The Scottish referendum of 1979 was a post-legislative referendum to decide whether there was sufficient support for a Scottish Assembly proposed in the Scotland Act 1978 among the Scottish electorate.

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Scottish devolution referendum, 1997

The Scottish devolution referendum of 1997 was a pre-legislative referendum held in Scotland on 11 September 1997 over whether there was support for the creation of a Scottish Parliament with devolved powers, and whether the Parliament should have tax-varying powers.

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Scottish Government

The Scottish Government (Riaghaltas na h-Alba; Scots Govrenment) is the executive of the devolved Scottish Parliament.

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Scottish Green Party

The Scottish Green Party (Pàrtaidh Uaine na h-Alba; Scots Green Pairty) is a green political party in Scotland.

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Scottish independence

Scottish independence (Scots unthirldom; Neo-eisimeileachd na h-Alba) is a political aim of various political parties, advocacy groups, and individuals in Scotland (which is a country of the United Kingdom) for the country to become an independent sovereign state.

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Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013

The Scottish Independence Referendum Act 2013 is an Act of the Scottish Parliament, which was passed on 14 November 2013 and came into force on 18 December.

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Scottish Index of Multiple Deprivation

The Scottish index of multiple deprivation (SIMD) is a statistical tool used by local authorities, the Scottish government, the NHS and other government bodies in Scotland to support policy and decision making.

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Scottish Labour Party

The Scottish Labour Party (Pàrtaidh Làbarach na h-Alba, Scots Labour Pairty; branded Scottish Labour) is the devolved Scotland section of the United Kingdom Labour Party.

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Scottish Liberal Democrats

The Scottish Liberal Democrats (Libearal Deamocratach na h-Alba, Scots Leeberal Democrats) is a liberal and social-liberal political party in Scotland.

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Scottish National Party

The Scottish National Party (SNP; Pàrtaidh Nàiseanta na h-Alba, Scots Naitional Pairtie) is a Scottish nationalist and social-democratic political party in Scotland.

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Scottish Parliament

The Scottish Parliament (Pàrlamaid na h-Alba; Scots: The Scots Pairlament) is the devolved national, unicameral legislature of Scotland.

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Scottish Parliament election, 1999

The first election to the devolved Scottish Parliament, to fill 129 seats, took place on 6 May 1999.

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Scottish Parliament election, 2007

The 2007 Scottish Parliament election was held on Thursday 3 May 2007 to elect members to the Scottish Parliament.

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Scottish Parliament election, 2011

The 2011 Scottish Parliament election was held on Thursday, 5 May 2011 to elect 129 members to the Scottish Parliament.

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Scottish Police Federation

The Scottish Police Federation is an organisation representing Scottish police officers.

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Scottish Reformation

The Scottish Reformation was the process by which Scotland broke with the Papacy and developed a predominantly Calvinist national Kirk (church), which was strongly Presbyterian in outlook.

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Scottish Republican Socialist Movement

The Scottish Republican Socialist Movement (SRSM) is a political organisation that was formed out of the now defunct Scottish Republican Socialist Party (SRSP), a political party that operated in Scotland.

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Scottish Socialist Party

The Scottish Socialist Party (SSP; Pàrtaidh Sòisealach na h-Alba; Scots Socialist Pairtie) is a left-wing political party campaigning for the establishment of an independent, socialist Scotland.

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Scottish Television

Scottish Television (now, legally, known as STV Central Ltd) is the ITV franchise for Central Scotland.

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Scottish variable rate

The Scottish variable rate (SVR) was a mechanism which would have enabled the Scottish Government to vary (down or up) the basic rate of UK income tax by up to 3p in the pound.

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Secret Intelligence Service

The Secret Intelligence Service (SIS), commonly known as MI6, is the foreign intelligence service of the government of the United Kingdom, tasked mainly with the covert overseas collection and analysis of human intelligence (HUMINT) in support of the UK's national security.

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Secretary General of NATO

The Secretary General of NATO (Secrétaire général de l'OTAN) is an international diplomat who serves as the chief civil servant of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO).

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Secretary of State for Scotland

Her Majesty's Principal Secretary of State for Scotland (Rùnaire Stàite na h-Alba, Secretar o State for Scotland) is the principal minister of Her Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland representing Scotland.

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Sheila Gilmore

Sheila Gilmore (born 1 October 1949) is a British Labour Party politician, who was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Edinburgh East from 2010 to 2015.

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Shetland

Shetland (Old Norse: Hjaltland), also called the Shetland Islands, is a subarctic archipelago of Scotland that lies northeast of Great Britain.

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Shetland (Scottish Parliament constituency)

Shetland is a constituency of the Scottish Parliament (Holyrood).

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Smith Commission

The Smith Commission was announced by Prime Minister David Cameron on 19 September 2014 in the wake of the 'No' vote in the 2014 Scottish independence referendum.

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South Ayrshire

South Ayrshire (Sooth Ayrshire; Siorrachd Inbhir Àir a Deas) is one of thirty-two council areas of Scotland, covering the southern part of Ayrshire.

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South Lanarkshire

South Lanarkshire (Sooth Lanrikshire, Siorrachd Lannraig a Deas) is one of 32 unitary authorities of Scotland.

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Sovereign wealth fund

A sovereign wealth fund (SWF) or sovereign investment fund is a state-owned investment fund that invests in real and financial assets such as stocks, bonds, real estate, precious metals, or in alternative investments such as private equity fund or hedge funds.

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Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

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Special Branch

Special Branch is a label customarily used to identify units responsible for matters of national security and intelligence in British and Commonwealth police forces, as well as in Ireland and the Royal Malaysian Police.

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SSE plc

SSE plc (formerly Scottish and Southern Energy plc) is a Scottish energy company headquartered in Perth, Scotland, United Kingdom.

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Stamp duty in the United Kingdom

Stamp duty in the United Kingdom is a form of tax charged on legal instruments (written documents), and historically required a physical stamp to be attached to or impressed upon the document in question.

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Standard & Poor's

Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC (S&P) is an American financial services company.

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Standard Life Aberdeen

Standard Life Aberdeen plc is an investment company with headquarters in Edinburgh and operations around the globe.

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State Pension (United Kingdom)

The State Pension is part of the United Kingdom Government's pension arrangements.

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Stéphane Bédard

Stéphane Bédard (born 11 March 1968) is a Canadian lawyer and politician.

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Steve Webb

Sir Steven John Webb (born 18 July 1965) is a British pensions commentator who was previously Liberal Democrat Member of Parliament (MP) for Northavon, 1997–2010 and for Thornbury and Yate, 2010–2015.

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Stirling (council area)

The Stirling council area (Stirlin, Sruighlea) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and has a population of about (estimate).

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Stirling (UK Parliament constituency)

Stirling is a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Strathclyde Police

Strathclyde Police was the territorial police force responsible for the Scottish council areas of Argyll and Bute, City of Glasgow, East Ayrshire, East Dunbartonshire, East Renfrewshire, Inverclyde, North Ayrshire, North Lanarkshire, Renfrewshire, South Ayrshire, South Lanarkshire and West Dunbartonshire (The former Strathclyde local government region) between 1975 and 2013.

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Stuart Braithwaite

Stuart Leslie Braithwaite (born 10 May 1976) is a Scottish guitarist, bassist, drummer, singer and songwriter.

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STV (TV channel)

STV is a television channel serving Scotland.

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Stv.tv

www.stv.tv is the URL of the website of the Scottish television channel, STV.

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Subdivisions of Scotland

For local government purposes, Scotland is divided into 32 areas designated as "council areas", which are all governed by single-tier authorities designated as "councils".

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Suffrage

Suffrage, political franchise, or simply franchise is the right to vote in public, political elections (although the term is sometimes used for any right to vote).

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Sunday Herald

The Sunday Herald is a Scottish Sunday newspaper, launched on 7 February 1999.

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Supreme Court of the United Kingdom

The Supreme Court of the United Kingdom is the supreme court in all matters under English and Welsh law, Northern Irish law and Scottish civil law.

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Sweden and the euro

Sweden does not currently use the euro as its currency and has no plans to replace the krona in the near future.

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Swedish euro referendum, 2003

A non-binding referendum on introduction of the euro was held in Sweden on 14 September 2003.

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Taoiseach

The Taoiseach (pl. Taoisigh) is the prime minister, chief executive and head of government of Ireland.

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Tavish Scott

Tavish Hamilton Scott MSP (born 6 May 1966) is a Scottish politician and MSP for Shetland.

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Tesco Bank

Tesco Bank is a British retail bank which was formed in 1997, and which has been wholly owned by Tesco plc since 2008.

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Thales Group

Thales Group is a French multinational company that designs and builds electrical systems and provides services for the aerospace, defence, transportation and security markets.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Herald (Glasgow)

The Herald is a Scottish broadsheet newspaper founded in 1783.

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The Independent

The Independent is a British online newspaper.

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The Scotsman

The Scotsman is a Scottish compact newspaper and daily news website headquartered in Edinburgh.

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The Shetland Times

The Shetland Times is a weekly newspaper in Shetland, published on Fridays and based in Lerwick, Shetland, Scotland.

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The Sun (United Kingdom)

The Sun is a tabloid newspaper published in the United Kingdom and Republic of Ireland.

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The Sunday Post

The Sunday Post is a weekly newspaper published in Dundee, Scotland, by DC Thomson, and characterised by a mix of news, human interest stories and short features.

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Theresa May

Theresa Mary May (Brasier; born 1 October 1956) is a British politician serving as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom and Leader of the Conservative Party since 2016.

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ThinkProgress

ThinkProgress is an American news website.

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Time (magazine)

Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.

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Trades Union Congress

The Trades Union Congress (TUC) is a national trade union centre, a federation of trade unions in England and Wales, representing the majority of trade unions.

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Trafalgar Square

Trafalgar Square is a public square in the City of Westminster, Central London, built around the area formerly known as Charing Cross.

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Trident (UK nuclear programme)

Trident, also known as the Trident nuclear programme or Trident nuclear deterrent, covers the development, procurement and operation of nuclear weapons in the United Kingdom and their means of delivery.

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TSB Bank (United Kingdom)

TSB Bank plc is a retail and commercial bank in the United Kingdom, which is a subsidiary of the Sabadell Group.

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Twitter

Twitter is an online news and social networking service on which users post and interact with messages known as "tweets".

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UBS

UBS Group AG is a Swiss multinational investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland.

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UK Independence Party

The UK Independence Party (UKIP) is a Eurosceptic and right-wing populist political party in the United Kingdom.

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Ulster loyalism

Ulster loyalism is a political ideology found primarily among working class Ulster Protestants in Northern Ireland, whose status as a part of the United Kingdom has remained controversial.

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Under-occupancy penalty

The under-occupancy penalty (also known as the under occupation penalty, under-occupancy charge, under-occupation charge or size criteria) is a reform contained in the British Welfare Reform Act 2012 whereby public-housing (also called council or social housing) tenants with rooms deemed to be "spare" face a reduction in Housing Benefit, resulting in them being obliged to fund this reduction from their incomes or face rent arrears and potential eviction by their landlord (be that the local authority or a housing association).

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Union dividend

The Union dividend is a term used by British unionists to describe the financial benefits which they believe that Scotland, Wales and Northern Ireland derive from being parts of the United Kingdom.

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Union of the Crowns

The Union of the Crowns (Aonadh nan Crùintean; Union o the Crouns) was the accession of James VI of Scotland to the thrones of England and Ireland, and the consequential unification for some purposes (such as overseas diplomacy) of the three realms under a single monarch on 24 March 1603.

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Unionism in Scotland

Unionism in Scotland is a political movement, which seeks to keep Scotland within the United Kingdom (UK).

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Unionism in the United Kingdom

Unionism in the United Kingdom, also referred to as British unionism, is a political ideology favouring the continuation of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, or in some cases the enlargement of that state to include the whole of Ireland (currently the Irish Republic).

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Unitary state

A unitary state is a state governed as a single power in which the central government is ultimately supreme and any administrative divisions (sub-national units) exercise only the powers that the central government chooses to delegate.

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United Kingdom Continental Shelf

The UK Continental Shelf (UKCS) is the region of waters surrounding the United Kingdom, in which the country has mineral rights.

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United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, 2016

The United Kingdom European Union membership referendum, also known as the EU referendum and the Brexit referendum, took place on 23 June 2016 in the United Kingdom (UK) and Gibraltar to gauge support for the country either remaining a member of, or leaving, the European Union (EU) under the provisions of the European Union Referendum Act 2015 and also the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.

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United Kingdom general election, 1950

The 1950 United Kingdom general election was the first ever general election to be held after a full term of Labour government.

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United Kingdom general election, 1997

The 1997 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday 1 May 1997, five years after the previous election on 9 April 1992, to elect 659 members to the British House of Commons.

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United Kingdom general election, 2015

The 2015 United Kingdom general election was held on 7 May 2015 to elect 650 members to the House of Commons.

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United Kingdom general election, 2017

The 2017 United Kingdom general election took place on Thursday 8 June, having been announced just under two months earlier by Prime Minister Theresa May on 18 April 2017 after it was discussed at cabinet.

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United Kingdom general election, January 1910

The January 1910 United Kingdom general election was held from 15 January to 10 February 1910.

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United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland was established by the Acts of Union 1800, which merged the kingdoms of Great Britain and Ireland.

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United Nations Human Rights Committee

The United Nations Human Rights Committee is a United Nations body of 18 experts that meets three times a year for four-week sessions (spring session at UN headquarters in New York, summer and fall sessions at the UN Office in Geneva) to consider the five-yearly reports submitted by 169 UN member states on their compliance with the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, ICCPR, and any individual petitions concerning 116 States parties to the Optional Protocol.

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United Nations Security Council

The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.

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Universal Credit

Universal Credit is a social security benefit in the United Kingdom introduced in 2013 to replace six means-tested benefits and tax credits: income based Jobseeker's Allowance, Housing Benefit, Working Tax Credit, Child Tax Credit, income based Employment and Support Allowance and Income Support.

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Universal suffrage

The concept of universal suffrage, also known as general suffrage or common suffrage, consists of the right to vote of all adult citizens, regardless of property ownership, income, race, or ethnicity, subject only to minor exceptions.

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University College London

University College London (UCL) is a public research university in London, England, and a constituent college of the federal University of London.

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University of Aberdeen

The University of Aberdeen is a public research university in Aberdeen, Scotland.

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University of Edinburgh

The University of Edinburgh (abbreviated as Edin. in post-nominals), founded in 1582, is the sixth oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's ancient universities.

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University of Glasgow

The University of Glasgow (Oilthigh Ghlaschu; Universitas Glasguensis; abbreviated as Glas. in post-nominals) is the fourth-oldest university in the English-speaking world and one of Scotland's four ancient universities.

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University of Oxford

The University of Oxford (formally The Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England.

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University of St Andrews

The University of St Andrews (informally known as St Andrews University or simply St Andrews; abbreviated as St And, from the Latin Sancti Andreae, in post-nominals) is a British public research university in St Andrews, Fife, Scotland.

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University of Stirling

The University of Stirling is a public university founded by Royal charter in 1967.

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University of the West of Scotland

The University of the West of Scotland, formerly the University of Paisley, is a public university with four campuses in south-western Scotland, in the towns of Paisley, Hamilton, Dumfries and Ayr, as well as a campus in London.

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University of Western Ontario

The University of Western Ontario (UWO), corporately branded as Western University as of 2012 and commonly shortened to Western, is a public research university in London, Ontario, Canada.

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Viviane Reding

Viviane Adélaïde Reding (born 27 April 1951) is a Luxembourgish politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Luxembourg.

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Vlaamse Volksbeweging

The (Flemish People's Movement) or VVB is a Flemish nationalist thinktank and pressure group located in Berchem, Belgium.

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Vladimir Putin

Vladimir Vladimirovich Putin (a; born 7 October 1952) is a Russian statesman and former intelligence officer serving as President of Russia since 2012, previously holding the position from 2000 until 2008.

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Wales

Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.

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Wars of Scottish Independence

The Wars of Scottish Independence were a series of military campaigns fought between the Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England in the late 13th and early 14th centuries.

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Weir Group

The Weir Group plc is an engineering company headquartered in Glasgow, Scotland.

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Welfare Reform Act 2012

The Welfare Reform Act 2012 is an Act of Parliament in the United Kingdom which makes changes to the rules concerning a number of benefits offered within the British social security system.

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Welfare state

The welfare state is a concept of government in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the social and economic well-being of its citizens.

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West Dunbartonshire

West Dunbartonshire (Wast Dunbartanshire; Siorrachd Dhùn Breatann an Iar) is one of the 32 local government council areas of Scotland.

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West Dunbartonshire (UK Parliament constituency)

West Dunbartonshire is a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom (Westminster).

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West Lothian

West Lothian (Wast Lowden, Lodainn an Iar) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and one of its historic counties.

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West Lothian question

The West Lothian question, also known as the English question, refers to whether MPs from Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales, sitting in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, should be able to vote on matters that affect only England, while MPs from England are unable to vote on matters that have been devolved to the Northern Ireland Assembly, the Scottish Parliament and the Welsh Assembly.

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White House

The White House is the official residence and workplace of the President of the United States.

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White paper

A white paper is an authoritative report or guide that informs readers concisely about a complex issue and presents the issuing body's philosophy on the matter.

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William Grant & Sons

William Grant & Sons Ltd. is an independent, family-owned Scottish company which distills Scotch whisky and other selected categories of spirits.

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Willie Rennie

William Cowan Rennie (born 27 September 1967) is a Scottish politician who has been the Leader of the Scottish Liberal Democrats since May 2011.

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Winston Churchill

Sir Winston Leonard Spencer-Churchill (30 November 187424 January 1965) was a British politician, army officer, and writer, who was Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1940 to 1945 and again from 1951 to 1955.

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Wood Group

Wood Group (officially John Wood Group PLC) is a multinational energy services company with headquarters in Aberdeen, Scotland.

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Working class

The working class (also labouring class) are the people employed for wages, especially in manual-labour occupations and industrial work.

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Yes Scotland

Yes Scotland was the organisation representing the parties, organisations, and individuals campaigning for a Yes vote in the Scottish independence referendum, 2014.

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YouGov

YouGov is an international Internet-based market research and data analytics firm, headquartered in the UK, with operations in Europe, North America, the Middle East and Asia-Pacific.

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YouTube

YouTube is an American video-sharing website headquartered in San Bruno, California.

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2012 Summer Olympics medal table

The 2012 Summer Olympics medal table is a list of National Olympic Committees (NOCs) ranked by the number of gold medals won during the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, the capital of the United Kingdom, from 27 July to 12 August 2012.

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2014 Commonwealth Games

The 2014 Commonwealth Games (Geamannan a' Cho-fhlaitheis 2014), officially known as the XX Commonwealth Games and commonly known as Glasgow 2014, (Glaschu 2014), was an international multi-sport event celebrated in the tradition of the Commonwealth Games as governed by the Commonwealth Games Federation (CGF).

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2014 Ryder Cup

The 40th Ryder Cup matches were held 26–28 September 2014 in Scotland on the PGA Centenary Course at the Gleneagles Hotel near Auchterarder in Perthshire.

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2016 Summer Olympics

The 2016 Summer Olympics (Jogos Olímpicos de Verão de 2016), officially known as the Games of the XXXI Olympiad and commonly known as Rio 2016, was an international multi-sport event that was held from 5 to 21 August 2016 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, with preliminary events in some sports beginning on 3 August.

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3rd Scottish Parliament

This is a list of members (MSPs) returned to the third Scottish Parliament at the 2007 election.

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Redirects here:

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scottish_independence_referendum,_2014

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