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50 Things That Made the Modern Economy

Index 50 Things That Made the Modern Economy

50 Things That Made the Modern Economy began as a weekly economic history documentary radio series on the BBC World Service presented by economist and journalist Tim Harford. [1]

64 relations: A History of the World in 100 Objects, Air conditioning, Antibiotic, Antibiotic use in livestock, Bank, Banknote, Barbed wire, Barcode, BBC Radio 4, BBC World Service, Billy (bookcase), Clock, Cold chain, Compiler, Concrete, Credit card, Cuneiform script, Department store, Diesel engine, Double-entry bookkeeping system, Dynamo, Electric battery, Electric light, Elevator, Glass, Global Positioning System, Google Search, Haber process, Index fund, Infant formula, Insurance, Intellectual property, Intermodal container, IPhone, Irrigation, Land registration, Limited liability company, Little, Brown Book Group, M-Pesa, Management consulting, Market research, Oral contraceptive pill, Paper, Passport, Pencil, Phonograph, Plastic, Plough, Podcast, Public-key cryptography, ..., Radar, Radio documentary, Reputation system, Riverhead Books, Robot, Safety razor, Spreadsheet, Tally stick, Tax haven, Tim Harford, Trap (plumbing), TV dinner, Video game, Welfare state. Expand index (14 more) »

A History of the World in 100 Objects

A History of the World in 100 Objects was a joint project of BBC Radio 4 and the British Museum, comprising a 100-part radio series written and presented by British Museum director Neil MacGregor.

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Air conditioning

Air conditioning (often referred to as AC, A/C, or air con) is the process of removing heat and moisture from the interior of an occupied space, to improve the comfort of occupants.

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Antibiotic

An antibiotic (from ancient Greek αντιβιοτικά, antibiotiká), also called an antibacterial, is a type of antimicrobial drug used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections.

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Antibiotic use in livestock

Antibiotic use in livestock is the use of antibiotics for any purpose in the husbandry of livestock, which includes treatment when ill (therapeutic), treatment of a batch of animals when at least one is diagnosed as ill (metaphylaxis, similar to the way bacterial meningitis is treated in children), and preventative treatment (prophylaxis) against disease.

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Bank

A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates credit.

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Banknote

A banknote (often known as a bill, paper money, or simply a note) is a type of negotiable promissory note, made by a bank, payable to the bearer on demand.

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Barbed wire

Barbed wire, also known as barb wire, less often as bob wire or, in the southeastern United States, bobbed wire, is a type of steel fencing wire constructed with sharp edges or points arranged at intervals along the strand(s).

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Barcode

A barcode (also bar code) is an optical, machine-readable, representation of data; the data usually describes something about the object that carries the barcode.

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BBC Radio 4

BBC Radio 4 is a radio station owned and operated by the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) that broadcasts a wide variety of spoken-word programmes including news, drama, comedy, science and history.

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BBC World Service

The BBC World Service, the world's largest international broadcaster, broadcasts radio and television news, speech and discussions in over 30 languages to many parts of the world on analogue and digital shortwave platforms, Internet streaming, podcasting, satellite, DAB, FM and MW relays.

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Billy (bookcase)

Billy (stylised as BILLY) is a bookcase sold by the Swedish furniture company IKEA.

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Clock

A clock is an instrument to measure, keep, and indicate time.

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Cold chain

A cold chain or cool chain is a temperature-controlled supply chain.

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Compiler

A compiler is computer software that transforms computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another programming language (the target language).

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Concrete

Concrete, usually Portland cement concrete, is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement (cement paste) that hardens over time—most frequently a lime-based cement binder, such as Portland cement, but sometimes with other hydraulic cements, such as a calcium aluminate cement.

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Credit card

A credit card is a payment card issued to users (cardholders) to enable the cardholder to pay a merchant for goods and services based on the cardholder's promise to the card issuer to pay them for the amounts so paid plus the other agreed charges.

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Cuneiform script

Cuneiform script, one of the earliest systems of writing, was invented by the Sumerians.

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Department store

A department store is a retail establishment offering a wide range of consumer goods in different product categories known as "departments".

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Diesel engine

The diesel engine (also known as a compression-ignition or CI engine), named after Rudolf Diesel, is an internal combustion engine in which ignition of the fuel which is injected into the combustion chamber is caused by the elevated temperature of the air in the cylinder due to mechanical compression (adiabatic compression).

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Double-entry bookkeeping system

Double-entry bookkeeping, in accounting, is a system of bookkeeping so named because every entry to an account requires a corresponding and opposite entry to a different account.

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Dynamo

A dynamo is an electrical generator that creates direct current using a commutator.

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Electric battery

An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones, and electric cars.

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Electric light

An electric light is a device that produces visible light from electric current.

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Elevator

An elevator (US and Canada) or lift (UK, Australia, Ireland, New Zealand, and South Africa, Nigeria) is a type of vertical transportation that moves people or goods between floors (levels, decks) of a building, vessel, or other structure.

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Glass

Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and has widespread practical, technological, and decorative usage in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optoelectronics.

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Global Positioning System

The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Air Force.

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Google Search

Google Search, commonly referred to as Google Web Search or simply Google, is a web search engine developed by Google.

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Haber process

The Haber process, also called the Haber–Bosch process, is an artificial nitrogen fixation process and is the main industrial procedure for the production of ammonia today.

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Index fund

An index fund (also index tracker) is a mutual fund or exchange-traded fund (ETF) designed to follow certain preset rules so that the fund can a specified basket of underlying investments.

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Infant formula

Infant formula, or baby formula, is a manufactured food designed and marketed for feeding to babies and infants under 12 months of age, usually prepared for bottle-feeding or cup-feeding from powder (mixed with water) or liquid (with or without additional water).

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Insurance

Insurance is a means of protection from financial loss.

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Intellectual property

Intellectual property (IP) is a category of property that includes intangible creations of the human intellect, and primarily encompasses copyrights, patents, and trademarks.

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Intermodal container

An intermodal container is a large standardized shipping container, designed and built for intermodal freight transport, meaning these containers can be used across different modes of transport – from ship to rail to truck – without unloading and reloading their cargo.

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IPhone

iPhone is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The iPhone line of products use Apple's iOS mobile operating system software.

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Irrigation

Irrigation is the application of controlled amounts of water to plants at needed intervals.

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Land registration

Land registration generally describes systems by which matters concerning ownership, possession or other rights in land can be recorded (usually with a government agency or department) to provide evidence of title, facilitate transactions and to prevent unlawful disposal.

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Limited liability company

A limited liability company (LLC) is the United States of America-specific form of a private limited company.

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Little, Brown Book Group

Little, Brown Book Group is a UK publishing company.

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M-Pesa

M-Pesa (M for mobile, pesa is Swahili for money) is a mobile phone-based money transfer, financing and microfinancing service, launched in 2007 by Vodafone for Safaricom and Vodacom, the largest mobile network operators in Kenya and Tanzania.

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Management consulting

Management consulting is the practice of helping organizations to improve their performance, operating primarily through the analysis of existing organizational problems and the development of plans for improvement.

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Market research

Market research (also in some contexts known as industrial research) is any organized effort to gather information about target markets or customers.

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Oral contraceptive pill

Oral contraceptives, abbreviated OCPs, also known as birth control pills, are medications taken by mouth for the purpose of birth control.

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Paper

Paper is a thin material produced by pressing together moist fibres of cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets.

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Passport

A passport is a travel document, usually issued by a country's government, that certifies the identity and nationality of its holder primarily for the purpose of international travel.

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Pencil

A pencil is a writing implement or art medium constructed of a narrow, solid pigment core inside a protective casing which prevents the core from being broken and/or from leaving marks on the user’s hand during use.

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Phonograph

The phonograph is a device for the mechanical recording and reproduction of sound.

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Plastic

Plastic is material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and so can be molded into solid objects.

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Plough

A plough (UK) or plow (US; both) is a tool or farm implement used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting to loosen or turn the soil.

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Podcast

A podcast, or generically netcast, is an episodic series of digital audio or video files which a user can download and listen to.

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Public-key cryptography

Public-key cryptography, or asymmetric cryptography, is any cryptographic system that uses pairs of keys: public keys which may be disseminated widely, and private keys which are known only to the owner.

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Radar

Radar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects.

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Radio documentary

Radio documentary is a spoken word radio format devoted to non-fiction narrative.

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Reputation system

Reputation systems are programs that allow users to rate each other in online communities in order to build trust through reputation.

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Riverhead Books

Riverhead Books is a division of Penguin Group (USA) founded in 1993 by Susan Petersen Kennedy.

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Robot

A robot is a machine—especially one programmable by a computer— capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically.

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Safety razor

A safety razor is a shaving implement with a protective device positioned between the edge of the blade and the skin.

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Spreadsheet

A spreadsheet is an interactive computer application for organization, analysis and storage of data in tabular form.

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Tally stick

A tally stick (or simply tally) was an ancient memory aid device used to record and document numbers, quantities, or even messages.

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Tax haven

A tax haven is defined as a jurisdiction with very low "effective" rates of taxation ("headline" rates may be higher).

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Tim Harford

Tim Harford (born 27 September 1973) is an English economist and journalist who lives in Oxford.

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Trap (plumbing)

In plumbing, a trap is a device which has a shape that uses a bending path to capture water to prevent sewer gases from entering buildings, while allowing waste to pass through.

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TV dinner

A TV dinner (also called prepackaged meal, ready-made meal, ready meal, frozen dinner, frozen meal and microwave meal) is a pre-packaged frozen or chilled meal that usually comes as an individual portion.

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Video game

A video game is an electronic game that involves interaction with a user interface to generate visual feedback on a video device such as a TV screen or computer monitor.

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Welfare state

The welfare state is a concept of government in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the social and economic well-being of its citizens.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/50_Things_That_Made_the_Modern_Economy

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