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69 relations: Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, AMPA receptor, Amygdala, Auditory system, Awareness, Blood-oxygen-level dependent imaging, Brodmann area 22, Brodmann area 41 & 42, Cerebral cortex, Cerebral hemisphere, Cochlea, Electrocorticography, Electroencephalography, Emotion, Evoked potential, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Frère Jacques, Frequency, Frontal lobe, Functional imaging, Functional magnetic resonance imaging, Gamma wave, Glutamic acid, Harmonic, Harmony, Health effects from noise, Hearing, Hertz, Human brain, James Beament, Jazz band, Lateral sulcus, Lesion, Local field potential, Loudness, Magnetoencephalography, Mammal, Medial geniculate nucleus, Membrane potential, Midbrain, Neoplasm, Neuroimaging, Neuromodulation, Neuron, Neuronal encoding of sound, Neuroplasticity, Neurotransmitter, Norepinephrine, Orchestra, Parietal lobe, ..., Perception, Pitch (music), Planum temporale, Prefrontal cortex, Resonance, Rhesus macaque, Rodent, Stroke, Superior temporal gyrus, Temporal lobe, Thalamus, Timing (music), Tonality, Tonotopy, Transverse temporal gyrus, Vertebrate, Visual cortex, Voxel, Yankee Doodle. Expand index (19 more) »
Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor
The alpha-1 (α1) adrenergic receptor is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the Gq heterotrimeric G-protein.
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AMPA receptor
The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (also known as AMPA receptor, AMPAR, or quisqualate receptor) is an ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate that mediates fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS).
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Amygdala
The amygdala (plural: amygdalae; also corpus amygdaloideum; Latin from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'Almond', 'tonsil') is one of two almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep and medially within the temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans.
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Auditory system
The auditory system is the sensory system for the sense of hearing.
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Awareness
Awareness is the ability to directly know and perceive, to feel, or to be cognizant of events.
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Blood-oxygen-level dependent imaging
Blood-oxygen-level dependent contrast imaging, or BOLD-contrast imaging, is a method used in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to observe different areas of the brain or other organs, which are found to be active at any given time.
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Brodmann area 22
Brodmann area 22 is one of Brodmann's cytologically defined regions of the brain.
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Brodmann area 41 & 42
Brodmann area 41 is also known as the anterior transverse temporal area 41 (H).
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Cerebral cortex
The cerebral cortex is the largest region of the cerebrum in the mammalian brain and plays a key role in memory, attention, perception, cognition, awareness, thought, language, and consciousness.
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Cerebral hemisphere
The vertebrate cerebrum (brain) is formed by two cerebral hemispheres that are separated by a groove, the longitudinal fissure.
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Cochlea
The cochlea is the part of the inner ear involved in hearing.
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Electrocorticography
Electrocorticography (ECoG), or intracranial electroencephalography (iEEG), is a type of electrophysiological monitoring that uses electrodes placed directly on the exposed surface of the brain to record electrical activity from the cerebral cortex.
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Electroencephalography
Electroencephalography (EEG) is an electrophysiological monitoring method to record electrical activity of the brain.
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Emotion
Emotion is any conscious experience characterized by intense mental activity and a certain degree of pleasure or displeasure.
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Evoked potential
An evoked potential or evoked response is an electrical potential recorded from the nervous system of a human or other animal following presentation of a stimulus, as distinct from spontaneous potentials as detected by electroencephalography (EEG), electromyography (EMG), or other electrophysiologic recording method.
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Excitatory postsynaptic potential
In neuroscience, an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is a postsynaptic potential that makes the postsynaptic neuron more likely to fire an action potential.
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Frère Jacques
Frère Jacques (in the nursery rhyme and in song more generally; English: "Brother John"; Dutch: "Vader Jacob" (Netherlands) or "Broeder Jacob" (Flanders), German: "Meister Jakob" or "Bruder Jakob", Italian: "Fra' Martino", Polish: "Panie Janie", Danish: "Mester Jakob", Croatian: "Bratec Martin", Slovenian: "Mojster Jaka", Hebrew: "Achinu HaNehag" "אחינו הנהג"), is a nursery rhyme of French origin.
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Frequency
Frequency is the number of occurrences of a repeating event per unit of time.
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Frontal lobe
The frontal lobe, located at the front of the brain, is the largest of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the mammalian brain.
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Functional imaging
Functional imaging (or physiological imaging), is a medical imaging technique of detecting or measuring changes in metabolism, blood flow, regional chemical composition, and absorption.
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Functional magnetic resonance imaging
Functional magnetic resonance imaging or functional MRI (fMRI) measures brain activity by detecting changes associated with blood flow.
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Gamma wave
A gamma wave is a pattern of neural oscillation in humans with a frequency between 25 and 100 Hz, though 40 Hz is typical.
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Glutamic acid
Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E) is an α-amino acid with formula.
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Harmonic
A harmonic is any member of the harmonic series, a divergent infinite series.
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Harmony
In music, harmony considers the process by which the composition of individual sounds, or superpositions of sounds, is analysed by hearing.
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Health effects from noise
Noise health effects are the physical and psychological health consequences of regular exposure, to consistent elevated sound levels.
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Hearing
Hearing, or auditory perception, is the ability to perceive sounds by detecting vibrations, changes in the pressure of the surrounding medium through time, through an organ such as the ear.
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Hertz
The hertz (symbol: Hz) is the derived unit of frequency in the International System of Units (SI) and is defined as one cycle per second.
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Human brain
The human brain is the central organ of the human nervous system, and with the spinal cord makes up the central nervous system.
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James Beament
Sir James William Longman Beament (17 November 1921 – 10 March 2005) was a British scientist who studied insect physiology and psychoacoustics.
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Jazz band
A jazz band (jazz ensemble or jazz combo) is a musical ensemble that plays jazz music.
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Lateral sulcus
The lateral sulcus (also called Sylvian fissure or lateral fissure) is one of the most prominent features of the human brain.
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Lesion
A lesion is any abnormal damage or change in the tissue of an organism, usually caused by disease or trauma.
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Local field potential
A local field potential (LFP) is an electrophysiological signal generated by the summed electric current flowing from multiple nearby neurons within a small volume of nervous tissue.
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Loudness
In acoustics, loudness is the subjective perception of sound pressure.
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Magnetoencephalography
Magnetoencephalography (MEG) is a functional neuroimaging technique for mapping brain activity by recording magnetic fields produced by electrical currents occurring naturally in the brain, using very sensitive magnetometers.
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Mammal
Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia (from Latin mamma "breast"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.
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Medial geniculate nucleus
The medial geniculate nucleus (MGN) or medial geniculate body (MGB) is part of the auditory thalamus and represents the thalamic relay between the inferior colliculus (IC) and the auditory cortex (AC).
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Membrane potential
The term "membrane potential" may refer to one of three kinds of membrane potential.
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Midbrain
The midbrain or mesencephalon (from Greek mesos 'middle', and enkephalos 'brain') is a portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.
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Neoplasm
Neoplasia is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.
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Neuroimaging
Neuroimaging or brain imaging is the use of various techniques to either directly or indirectly image the structure, function/pharmacology of the nervous system.
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Neuromodulation
Neuromodulation is the physiological process by which a given neuron uses one or more chemicals to regulate diverse populations of neurons.
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Neuron
A neuron, also known as a neurone (British spelling) and nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.
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Neuronal encoding of sound
The neuronal encoding of sound is the representation of auditory sensation and perception in the nervous system.
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Neuroplasticity
Neuroplasticity, also known as brain plasticity and neural plasticity, is the ability of the brain to change throughout an individual's life, e.g., brain activity associated with a given function can be transferred to a different location, the proportion of grey matter can change, and synapses may strengthen or weaken over time.
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Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission.
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Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone and neurotransmitter.
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Orchestra
An orchestra is a large instrumental ensemble typical of classical music, which mixes instruments from different families, including bowed string instruments such as violin, viola, cello and double bass, as well as brass, woodwinds, and percussion instruments, each grouped in sections.
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Parietal lobe
The parietal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The parietal lobe is positioned above the temporal lobe and behind the frontal lobe and central sulcus. The parietal lobe integrates sensory information among various modalities, including spatial sense and navigation (proprioception), the main sensory receptive area for the sense of touch (mechanoreception) in the somatosensory cortex which is just posterior to the central sulcus in the postcentral gyrus, and the dorsal stream of the visual system. The major sensory inputs from the skin (touch, temperature, and pain receptors), relay through the thalamus to the parietal lobe. Several areas of the parietal lobe are important in language processing. The somatosensory cortex can be illustrated as a distorted figure – the homunculus (Latin: "little man"), in which the body parts are rendered according to how much of the somatosensory cortex is devoted to them.Schacter, D. L., Gilbert, D. L. & Wegner, D. M. (2009). Psychology. (2nd ed.). New York (NY): Worth Publishers. The superior parietal lobule and inferior parietal lobule are the primary areas of body or spacial awareness. A lesion commonly in the right superior or inferior parietal lobule leads to hemineglect. The name comes from the parietal bone, which is named from the Latin paries-, meaning "wall".
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Perception
Perception (from the Latin perceptio) is the organization, identification, and interpretation of sensory information in order to represent and understand the presented information, or the environment.
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Pitch (music)
Pitch is a perceptual property of sounds that allows their ordering on a frequency-related scale, or more commonly, pitch is the quality that makes it possible to judge sounds as "higher" and "lower" in the sense associated with musical melodies.
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Planum temporale
The planum temporale is the cortical area just posterior to the auditory cortex (Heschl's gyrus) within the Sylvian fissure.
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Prefrontal cortex
In mammalian brain anatomy, the prefrontal cortex (PFC) is the cerebral cortex which covers the front part of the frontal lobe.
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Resonance
In physics, resonance is a phenomenon in which a vibrating system or external force drives another system to oscillate with greater amplitude at specific frequencies.
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Rhesus macaque
The rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) is one of the best-known species of Old World monkeys.
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Rodent
Rodents (from Latin rodere, "to gnaw") are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws.
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Stroke
A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.
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Superior temporal gyrus
The superior temporal gyrus is one of three (sometimes two) gyri in the temporal lobe of the human brain, which is located laterally to the head, situated somewhat above the external ear.
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Temporal lobe
The temporal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals.
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Thalamus
The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is the large mass of gray matter in the dorsal part of the diencephalon of the brain with several functions such as relaying of sensory signals, including motor signals, to the cerebral cortex, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.
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Timing (music)
Timing in music refers to the ability to "keep time" accurately and to synchronise to an ensemble, as well as to expressive timing—subtle adjustment of note or beat duration, or of tempo, for aesthetic effect.
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Tonality
Tonality is the arrangement of pitches and/or chords of a musical work in a hierarchy of perceived relations, stabilities, attractions and directionality.
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Tonotopy
In physiology, tonotopy (from Greek tono.
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Transverse temporal gyrus
The transverse temporal gyri, also called Heschl's gyri or Heschl's convolutions, are found in the area of primary auditory cortex buried within the lateral sulcus of the human brain, occupying Brodmann areas 41 & 42.
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Vertebrate
Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).
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Visual cortex
The visual cortex of the brain is a part of the cerebral cortex that processes visual information.
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Voxel
A voxel represents a value on a regular grid in three-dimensional space.
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Yankee Doodle
"Yankee Doodle" is a well-known American song, the early versions of which date to before the Seven Years' War and the American Revolution (1775–83) It is often sung patriotically in the United States today and is the state anthem of Connecticut.
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Redirects here:
A1 (primary auditory cortex), Anterior transverse temporal area 41, Auditory processing, Posterior transverse temporal area 42, Primary Auditory Cortex, Primary auditory cortex.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Auditory_cortex
