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X86-64

Index X86-64

x86-64 (also known as x64, x86_64, AMD64 and Intel 64) is the 64-bit version of the x86 instruction set. [1]

196 relations: Advanced Micro Devices, AGESA, AMD 10h, AMD Accelerated Processing Unit, AMD K8, AMD Phenom, AMD Turion, Apple Inc., Application binary interface, Application software, Arch Linux, Athlon 64, Athlon 64 X2, Athlon II, Backward compatibility, Berkeley Software Distribution, Bit, Buffer overflow, Byte, Celeron, Centaur Technology, Clackamas River, Clock rate, Cocoa (API), Code name, Compare-and-swap, Compiler, Computer data storage, Craig Barrett (chief executive), Critical section, Debian, DEC Alpha, DigiTimes, DOS, DOS extender, DOS/4G, DragonFly BSD, Environment variable, Epyc, Exabyte, Executable, Fedora (operating system), Find first set, Floating-point arithmetic, FreeBSD, Fujitsu, GCC Summit, General-purpose computing on graphics processing units, Gentoo Linux, Gigabyte, ..., GNU Compiler Collection, Google Summer of Code, Hackathon, Haiku (operating system), Hewlett-Packard, IA-32, IA-64, IBM POWER microprocessors, InstallShield, Instruction set architecture, Integer (computer science), Intel, Intel 5-level paging, Intel 80286, Intel 80486, Intel Atom, Intel Core, Intel Core 2, Intel Developer Forum, Itanium, Jaguar (microarchitecture), Java Development Kit, Jet Data Access Objects, Kernel (operating system), Kilobyte, Legacy mode, Linearizability, Linux, Linux distribution, Linux kernel, List of AMD FX microprocessors, List of Intel Core i5 microprocessors, List of Intel Core i7 microprocessors, Loadable kernel module, Long mode, Mac OS X Leopard, Mac OS X Snow Leopard, Mac OS X Tiger, Machine code, MacOS, Managed code, Mandriva Linux, Megabyte, Memory-mapped file, Merom (microprocessor), Microarchitecture, Microcode, Microsoft, Microsoft Developer Network, Microsoft Jet Database Engine, Microsoft Visual Studio, Microsoft Windows, MidnightBSD, MIPS architecture, Mobile processor, Motherboard, NetBSD, NetBurst (microarchitecture), Non-blocking algorithm, NX bit, OpenBSD, OpenGL, OpenSUSE, Operating system, Opteron, Oracle Corporation, OS X Mountain Lion, PA-RISC, Page table, Paging, Pentium 4, Pentium D, Pentium Dual-Core, Pentium M, Petabyte, Phenom II, Physical address, Physical Address Extension, PlayStation 4, Pointer (computer programming), Position-independent code, Power Architecture, PowerPC, Processor register, Protected mode, Protection ring, Quartz (graphics layer), Real mode, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, Reduced instruction set computer, Register file, Register renaming, Ryzen, Segment descriptor, Sempron, Sign extension, Slackware, Solaris (operating system), SPARC, SPARC64 V, SSE2, SSE3, Stack (abstract data type), Stack register, Streaming SIMD Extensions, Sun Microsystems, Supercomputer, SUSE Linux, Symmetric multiprocessing, System programming, Tagged pointer, Task state segment, Terabyte, Thermal design power, Tianhe-2, TOP500, Ubuntu (operating system), Universal binary, User space, Very long instruction word, VIA C7, VIA Nano, VIA Technologies, Virtual 8086 mode, Virtual DOS machine, Virtual memory, Windows NT, Windows Server 2003, Windows Server 2008 R2, Windows Vista, Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, WoW64, W^X, X Window System, X32 ABI, X86, X86 memory segmentation, X86 virtualization, X87, Xbox One, Xeon, Xeon Phi, Yamhill River, 16-bit, 32-bit, 64-bit computing. Expand index (146 more) »

Advanced Micro Devices

Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. (AMD) is an American multinational semiconductor company based in Santa Clara, California, that develops computer processors and related technologies for business and consumer markets.

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AGESA

AMD Generic Encapsulated Software Architecture (AGESA), is a bootstrap protocol by which system devices on AMD64-architecture mainboards are initialized.

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AMD 10h

The AMD Family 10h, or K10, is a microprocessor microarchitecture by AMD based on the K8 microarchitecture.

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AMD Accelerated Processing Unit

The AMD Accelerated Processing Unit (APU), formerly known as Fusion, is the marketing term for a series of 64-bit microprocessors from Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), designed to act as a central processing unit (CPU) and graphics accelerator unit (GPU) on a single die.

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AMD K8

The AMD K8 Hammer, also code-named SledgeHammer, is a computer processor microarchitecture designed by AMD as the successor to the AMD K7 Athlon microarchitecture.

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AMD Phenom

Phenom is the 64-bit AMD desktop processor line based on the K10 microarchitecture, in what AMD calls family 10h (10 hex, i.e. 16 in normal decimal numbers) processors, sometimes incorrectly called "K10h".

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AMD Turion

AMD Turion is the brand name AMD applies to its x86-64 low-power consumption (mobile) processors codenamed K8L.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Application binary interface

In computer software, an application binary interface (ABI) is an interface between two binary program modules; often, one of these modules is a library or operating system facility, and the other is a program that is being run by a user.

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Application software

An application software (app or application for short) is a computer software designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user.

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Arch Linux

Arch Linux (or Arch) is a Linux distribution for computers based on x86-64 architectures.

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Athlon 64

The Athlon 64 is an eighth-generation, AMD64-architecture microprocessor produced by AMD, released on September 23, 2003.

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Athlon 64 X2

The Athlon 64 X2 is the first native dual-core desktop CPU designed by AMD.

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Athlon II

Athlon II is a family of AMD multi-core 45 nm central processing units, which is aimed at the budget to mid-range market and is a complementary product lineup to the Phenom II.

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Backward compatibility

Backward compatibility is a property of a system, product, or technology that allows for interoperability with an older legacy system, or with input designed for such a system, especially in telecommunications and computing.

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Berkeley Software Distribution

Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) was a Unix operating system derivative developed and distributed by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) of the University of California, Berkeley, from 1977 to 1995.

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Bit

The bit (a portmanteau of binary digit) is a basic unit of information used in computing and digital communications.

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Buffer overflow

In information security and programming, a buffer overflow, or buffer overrun, is an anomaly where a program, while writing data to a buffer, overruns the buffer's boundary and overwrites adjacent memory locations.

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Byte

The byte is a unit of digital information that most commonly consists of eight bits, representing a binary number.

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Celeron

Celeron is a brand name given by Intel to a number of different low-end IA-32 and x86-64 computer microprocessor models targeted at budget personal computers.

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Centaur Technology

Centaur Technology is an x86 CPU design company, now a wholly owned subsidiary of VIA Technologies, a member of the Formosa Plastics Group, Taiwan's largest industrial conglomerate.

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Clackamas River

The Clackamas River is an approximately tributary of the Willamette River in northwestern Oregon, in the United States.

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Clock rate

The clock rate typically refers to the frequency at which a chip like a central processing unit (CPU), one core of a multi-core processor, is running and is used as an indicator of the processor's speed.

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Cocoa (API)

Cocoa is Apple's native object-oriented application programming interface (API) for their operating system macOS.

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Code name

A code name or cryptonym is a word or name used, sometimes clandestinely, to refer to another name, word, project or person.

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Compare-and-swap

In computer science, compare-and-swap (CAS) is an atomic instruction used in multithreading to achieve synchronization.

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Compiler

A compiler is computer software that transforms computer code written in one programming language (the source language) into another programming language (the target language).

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Computer data storage

Computer data storage, often called storage or memory, is a technology consisting of computer components and recording media that are used to retain digital data.

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Craig Barrett (chief executive)

Craig R. Barrett (born August 29, 1939) is an American business executive who served as the chairman of the board of Intel Corporation until May 2009.

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Critical section

In concurrent programming, concurrent accesses to shared resources can lead to unexpected or erroneous behavior, so parts of the program where the shared resource is accessed are protected.

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Debian

Debian is a Unix-like computer operating system that is composed entirely of free software, and packaged by a group of individuals participating in the Debian Project.

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DEC Alpha

Alpha, originally known as Alpha AXP, is a 64-bit reduced instruction set computing (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Digital Equipment Corporation (DEC), designed to replace their 32-bit VAX complex instruction set computer (CISC) ISA.

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DigiTimes

DigiTimes is a daily newspaper for semiconductor, electronics, computer and communications industries in Taiwan and the Greater China region.

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DOS

DOS is a family of disk operating systems.

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DOS extender

A DOS extender is a computer software program running under DOS that enables software to run in a protected mode environment even though the host operating system is only capable of operating in real mode.

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DOS/4G

DOS/4G is a 32-bit DOS extender developed by Rational Systems (now Tenberry Software).

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DragonFly BSD

DragonFly BSD is a free and open source Unix-like operating system created as a fork of FreeBSD 4.8.

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Environment variable

An environment variable is a dynamic-named value that can affect the way running processes will behave on a computer.

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Epyc

Epyc is AMD's x86 server processor line based on the company's Zen microarchitecture.

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Exabyte

The exabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Executable

In computing, executable code or an executable file or executable program, sometimes simply referred to as an executable or binary, causes a computer "to perform indicated tasks according to encoded instructions," as opposed to a data file that must be parsed by a program to be meaningful.

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Fedora (operating system)

Fedora is a Linux distribution developed by the community-supported Fedora Project and sponsored by Red Hat.

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Find first set

In software, find first set (ffs) or find first one is a bit operation that, given an unsigned machine word, identifies the least significant index or position of the bit set to one in the word.

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Floating-point arithmetic

In computing, floating-point arithmetic is arithmetic using formulaic representation of real numbers as an approximation so as to support a trade-off between range and precision.

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FreeBSD

FreeBSD is a free and open-source Unix-like operating system descended from Research Unix via the Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD).

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Fujitsu

is a Japanese multinational information technology equipment and services company headquartered in Tokyo, Japan.

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GCC Summit

The GCC Summit was an annual conference for developers of the GNU Compiler Collection and related free software technologies.

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General-purpose computing on graphics processing units

General-purpose computing on graphics processing units (GPGPU, rarely GPGP) is the use of a graphics processing unit (GPU), which typically handles computation only for computer graphics, to perform computation in applications traditionally handled by the central processing unit (CPU).

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Gentoo Linux

Gentoo Linux (pronounced) is a Linux distribution built using the Portage package management system.

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Gigabyte

The gigabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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GNU Compiler Collection

The GNU Compiler Collection (GCC) is a compiler system produced by the GNU Project supporting various programming languages.

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Google Summer of Code

The Google Summer of Code, often abbreviated to GSoC, is an international annual program, first held from May to August 2005, in which Google awards stipends, which depends on the purchasing power parity of the country the student's university belongs to, to all students who successfully complete a requested free and open-source software coding project during the summer.

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Hackathon

A hackathon (also known as a hack day, hackfest or codefest) is a design sprint-like event in which computer programmers and others involved in software development, including graphic designers, interface designers, project managers, and others, often including subject-matter-experts, collaborate intensively on software projects.

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Haiku (operating system)

Haiku is a free and open-source operating system compatible with the now discontinued BeOS.

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Hewlett-Packard

The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

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IA-32

IA-32 (short for "Intel Architecture, 32-bit", sometimes also called i386) is the 32-bit version of the x86 instruction set architecture, first implemented in the Intel 80386 microprocessors in 1985.

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IA-64

IA-64 (also called Intel Itanium architecture) is the instruction set architecture (ISA) of the Itanium family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors.

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IBM POWER microprocessors

IBM has a series of high performance microprocessors called POWER followed by a number designating generation, i.e. POWER1, POWER2, POWER3 and so forth up to the latest POWER9.

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InstallShield

InstallShield is a proprietary software tool for creating installers or software packages.

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Instruction set architecture

An instruction set architecture (ISA) is an abstract model of a computer.

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Integer (computer science)

In computer science, an integer is a datum of integral data type, a data type that represents some range of mathematical integers.

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Intel

Intel Corporation (stylized as intel) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in the Silicon Valley.

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Intel 5-level paging

Intel 5-level paging, referred to simply as 5-level paging in Intel documents, is a possible future processor extension for the x86-64 line of processors.

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Intel 80286

The Intel 80286 (also marketed as the iAPX 286 and often called Intel 286) is a 16-bit microprocessor that was introduced on 1 February 1982.

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Intel 80486

The Intel 80486, also known as the i486 or 486, is a higher performance follow-up to the Intel 80386 microprocessor.

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Intel Atom

Intel Atom is the brand name for a line of ultra-low-voltage IA-32 and x86-64 microprocessors by Intel Corporation.

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Intel Core

Intel Core is a line of mid-to-high end consumer, workstation, and enthusiast central processing units (CPU) marketed by Intel Corporation.

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Intel Core 2

Core 2 is a brand encompassing a range of Intel's consumer 64-bit x86-64 single-, dual-, and quad-core microprocessors based on the Core microarchitecture.

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Intel Developer Forum

Intel Developer Forum (IDF), is a gathering of technologists to discuss Intel products and products based on Intel products.

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Itanium

Itanium is a family of 64-bit Intel microprocessors that implement the Intel Itanium architecture (formerly called IA-64).

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Jaguar (microarchitecture)

The AMD Jaguar Family 16h is a low-power microarchitecture designed by AMD, and used in APUs succeeding the Bobcat Family microarchitecture in 2013 and being succeeded by AMD's Puma architecture in 2014.

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Java Development Kit

The Java Development Kit (JDK) is an implementation of either one of the Java Platform, Standard Edition, Java Platform, Enterprise Edition, or Java Platform, Micro Edition platforms released by Oracle Corporation in the form of a binary product aimed at Java developers on Solaris, Linux, macOS or Windows.

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Jet Data Access Objects

Jet Data Access Objects is a general programming interface for database access on Microsoft Windows systems, primarily for Jet and ACE databases.

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Kernel (operating system)

The kernel is a computer program that is the core of a computer's operating system, with complete control over everything in the system.

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Kilobyte

The kilobyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Legacy mode

In computing, legacy mode is a state in which a computer system, component, or software application behaves in a way different from its standard operation in order to support older software, data, or expected behavior.

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Linearizability

In concurrent programming, an operation (or set of operations) is atomic, linearizable, indivisible or uninterruptible if it appears to the rest of the system to occur at once without being interrupted.

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Linux

Linux is a family of free and open-source software operating systems built around the Linux kernel.

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Linux distribution

A Linux distribution (often abbreviated as distro) is an operating system made from a software collection, which is based upon the Linux kernel and, often, a package management system.

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Linux kernel

The Linux kernel is an open-source monolithic Unix-like computer operating system kernel.

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List of AMD FX microprocessors

AMD FX was a series of AMD microprocessors for personal computers.

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List of Intel Core i5 microprocessors

The following is a list of Intel Core i5 brand microprocessors.

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List of Intel Core i7 microprocessors

The following is a list of Intel Core i7 brand microprocessors.

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Loadable kernel module

In computing, a loadable kernel module (LKM) is an object file that contains code to extend the running kernel, or so-called base kernel, of an operating system.

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Long mode

In the x86-64 computer architecture, long mode is the mode where a 64-bit operating system can access 64-bit instructions and registers.

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Mac OS X Leopard

Mac OS X Leopard (version 10.5) is the sixth major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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Mac OS X Snow Leopard

Mac OS X Snow Leopard (version 10.6) is the seventh major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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Mac OS X Tiger

Mac OS X Tiger (version 10.4) is the fifth major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Mac computers.

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Machine code

Machine code is a computer program written in machine language instructions that can be executed directly by a computer's central processing unit (CPU).

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MacOS

macOS (previously and later) is a series of graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001.

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Managed code

Managed code is computer program code that requires and will execute only under the management of a Common Language Runtime virtual machine, typically the.NET Framework, or Mono.

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Mandriva Linux

Mandriva Linux (a fusion of the French distribution Mandrakelinux or Mandrake Linux and the Brazilian distribution Conectiva Linux) was a Linux distribution by Mandriva.

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Megabyte

The megabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Memory-mapped file

A memory-mapped file is a segment of virtual memory that has been assigned a direct byte-for-byte correlation with some portion of a file or file-like resource.

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Merom (microprocessor)

Merom is the code name for various Intel processors that are sold as Core 2 Duo, Core 2 Solo, Pentium Dual-Core and Celeron.

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Microarchitecture

In computer engineering, microarchitecture, also called computer organization and sometimes abbreviated as µarch or uarch, is the way a given instruction set architecture (ISA), is implemented in a particular processor.

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Microcode

Microcode is a computer hardware technique that imposes an interpreter between the CPU hardware and the programmer-visible instruction set architecture of the computer.

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Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation (abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.

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Microsoft Developer Network

Microsoft Developer Network (MSDN) is the portion of Microsoft responsible for managing the firm's relationship with developers and testers, such as hardware developers interested in the operating system (OS), and software developers developing on the various OS platforms or using the API or scripting languages of Microsoft's applications.

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Microsoft Jet Database Engine

The Microsoft Jet Database Engine is a database engine on which several Microsoft products have been built.

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Microsoft Visual Studio

Microsoft Visual Studio is an integrated development environment (IDE) from Microsoft.

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Microsoft Windows

Microsoft Windows is a group of several graphical operating system families, all of which are developed, marketed, and sold by Microsoft.

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MidnightBSD

MidnightBSD is a free Unix-like, desktop-oriented operating system originally forked from FreeBSD 6.1, and periodically updated with code and drivers from later FreeBSD releases.

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MIPS architecture

MIPS (an acronym for Microprocessor without Interlocked Pipeline Stages) is a reduced instruction set computer (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA)Price, Charles (September 1995).

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Mobile processor

A mobile processor is found in mobile computers and cellphones.

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Motherboard

A motherboard (sometimes alternatively known as the mainboard, system board, baseboard, planar board or logic board, or colloquially, a mobo) is the main printed circuit board (PCB) found in general purpose microcomputers and other expandable systems.

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NetBSD

NetBSD is a free and open source Unix-like operating system that descends from Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), a Research Unix derivative developed at the University of California, Berkeley.

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NetBurst (microarchitecture)

The NetBurst microarchitecture, called P68 inside Intel, was the successor to the P6 microarchitecture in the x86 family of CPUs made by Intel.

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Non-blocking algorithm

In computer science, an algorithm is called non-blocking if failure or suspension of any thread cannot cause failure or suspension of another thread; for some operations, these algorithms provide a useful alternative to traditional blocking implementations.

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NX bit

The NX bit (no-execute) is a technology used in CPUs to segregate areas of memory for use by either storage of processor instructions (code) or for storage of data, a feature normally only found in Harvard architecture processors.

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OpenBSD

OpenBSD is a free and open-source Unix-like computer operating system descended from Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD), a Research Unix derivative developed at the University of California, Berkeley.

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OpenGL

Open Graphics Library (OpenGL) is a cross-language, cross-platform application programming interface (API) for rendering 2D and 3D vector graphics.

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OpenSUSE

openSUSE, formerly SUSE Linux and SuSE Linux Professional, is a Linux-based project and distribution sponsored by SUSE Linux GmbH and other companies.

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Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

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Opteron

Opteron is AMD's x86 former server and workstation processor line, and was the first processor which supported the AMD64 instruction set architecture (known generically as x86-64).

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Oracle Corporation

Oracle Corporation is an American multinational computer technology corporation, headquartered in Redwood Shores, California.

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OS X Mountain Lion

OS X Mountain Lion (version 10.8) is the ninth major release of OS X (now named macOS), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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PA-RISC

PA-RISC is an instruction set architecture (ISA) developed by Hewlett-Packard.

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Page table

A page table is the data structure used by a virtual memory system in a computer operating system to store the mapping between virtual addresses and physical addresses.

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Paging

In computer operating systems, paging is a memory management scheme by which a computer stores and retrieves data from secondary storage for use in main memory.

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Pentium 4

Pentium 4 is a brand by Intel for an entire series of single-core CPUs for desktops, laptops and entry-level servers.

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Pentium D

The Pentium D brand refers to two series of desktop dual-core 64-bit x86-64 microprocessors with the NetBurst microarchitecture, which is the dual-core variant of Pentium 4 "Prescott" manufactured by Intel.

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Pentium Dual-Core

The Pentium Dual-Core brand was used for mainstream x86-architecture microprocessors from Intel from 2006 to 2009 when it was renamed to Pentium.

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Pentium M

The Pentium M is a family of mobile 32-bit single-core x86 microprocessors (with the modified Intel P6 microarchitecture) introduced in March 2003 and forming a part of the Intel Carmel notebook platform under the then new Centrino brand.

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Petabyte

The petabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Phenom II

Phenom II is a family of AMD's multi-core 45 nm processors using the AMD K10 microarchitecture, succeeding the original Phenom.

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Physical address

In computing, a physical address (also real address, or binary address), is a memory address that is represented in the form of a binary number on the address bus circuitry in order to enable the data bus to access a particular storage cell of main memory, or a register of memory mapped I/O device.

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Physical Address Extension

In computing, Physical Address Extension (PAE), sometimes referred to as Page Address Extension, is a memory management feature for the x86 architecture.

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PlayStation 4

The PlayStation 4 (PS4) is an eighth-generation home video game console developed by Sony Interactive Entertainment.

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Pointer (computer programming)

In computer science, a pointer is a programming language object that stores the memory address of another value located in computer memory.

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Position-independent code

In computing, position-independent code (PIC) or position-independent executable (PIE) is a body of machine code that, being placed somewhere in the primary memory, executes properly regardless of its absolute address.

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Power Architecture

Power Architecture is a registered trademark for similar reduced instruction set computing (RISC) instruction sets for microprocessors developed and manufactured by such companies as IBM, Freescale/NXP, AppliedMicro, LSI, Teledyne e2v and Synopsys.

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PowerPC

PowerPC (with the backronym Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC – Performance Computing, sometimes abbreviated as PPC) is a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) created by the 1991 Apple–IBM–Motorola alliance, known as AIM.

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Processor register

In computer architecture, a processor register is a quickly accessible location available to a computer's central processing unit (CPU).

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Protected mode

In computing, protected mode, also called protected virtual address mode, is an operational mode of x86-compatible central processing units (CPUs).

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Protection ring

In computer science, hierarchical protection domains, often called protection rings, are mechanisms to protect data and functionality from faults (by improving fault tolerance) and malicious behaviour (by providing computer security).

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Quartz (graphics layer)

In Apple computer's macOS operating system, Quartz is the Quartz 2D and Quartz Compositor part of the Core Graphics framework.

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Real mode

Real mode, also called real address mode, is an operating mode of all x86-compatible CPUs.

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Red Hat Enterprise Linux

Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is a Linux distribution developed by Red Hat and targeted toward the commercial market.

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Reduced instruction set computer

A reduced instruction set computer, or RISC (pronounced 'risk'), is one whose instruction set architecture (ISA) allows it to have fewer cycles per instruction (CPI) than a complex instruction set computer (CISC).

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Register file

A register file is an array of processor registers in a central processing unit (CPU).

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Register renaming

In computer architecture, register renaming is a technique that eliminates the false data dependencies arising from the reuse of architectural registers by successive instructions that do not have any real data dependencies between them.

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Ryzen

Ryzen is a brand of central processing units (CPUs) and accelerated processing units (APUs) marketed and designed by AMD (Advanced Micro Devices).

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Segment descriptor

In memory addressing for Intel x86 computer architectures, segment descriptors are a part of the segmentation unit, used for translating a logical address to a linear address.

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Sempron

Sempron has been the marketing name used by AMD for several different budget desktop CPUs, using several different technologies and CPU socket formats.

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Sign extension

Sign extension is the operation, in computer arithmetic, of increasing the number of bits of a binary number while preserving the number's sign (positive/negative) and value.

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Slackware

Slackware is a Linux distribution created by Patrick Volkerding in 1993.

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Solaris (operating system)

Solaris is a Unix operating system originally developed by Sun Microsystems.

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SPARC

SPARC, for Scalable Processor Architecture, is a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) originally developed by Sun Microsystems.

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SPARC64 V

The SPARC64 V (Zeus) is a SPARC V9 microprocessor designed by Fujitsu.

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SSE2

SSE2 (Streaming SIMD Extensions 2) is one of the Intel SIMD (Single Instruction, Multiple Data) processor supplementary instruction sets first introduced by Intel with the initial version of the Pentium 4 in 2000.

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SSE3

SSE3, Streaming SIMD Extensions 3, also known by its Intel code name Prescott New Instructions (PNI), is the third iteration of the SSE instruction set for the IA-32 (x86) architecture.

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Stack (abstract data type)

In computer science, a stack is an abstract data type that serves as a collection of elements, with two principal operations.

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Stack register

A stack register is a computer central processor register whose purpose is to keep track of a call stack.

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Streaming SIMD Extensions

In computing, Streaming SIMD Extensions (SSE) is an SIMD instruction set extension to the x86 architecture, designed by Intel and introduced in 1999 in their Pentium III series of processors shortly after the appearance of AMD's 3DNow!.

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Sun Microsystems

Sun Microsystems, Inc. was an American company that sold computers, computer components, software, and information technology services and created the Java programming language, the Solaris operating system, ZFS, the Network File System (NFS), and SPARC.

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Supercomputer

A supercomputer is a computer with a high level of performance compared to a general-purpose computer.

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SUSE Linux

SUSE Linux is a computer operating system.

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Symmetric multiprocessing

Symmetric multiprocessing (SMP) involves a multiprocessor computer hardware and software architecture where two or more identical processors are connected to a single, shared main memory, have full access to all input and output devices, and are controlled by a single operating system instance that treats all processors equally, reserving none for special purposes.

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System programming

System programming (or systems programming) is the activity of programming computer system software.

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Tagged pointer

In computer science, a tagged pointer is a pointer (concretely a memory address) with additional data associated with it, such as an indirection bit or reference count.

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Task state segment

The task state segment (TSS) is a special structure on x86-based computers which holds information about a task.

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Terabyte

The terabyte is a multiple of the unit byte for digital information.

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Thermal design power

The thermal design power (TDP), sometimes called thermal design point, is the maximum amount of heat generated by a computer chip or component (often the CPU or GPU) that the cooling system in a computer is designed to dissipate under any workload.

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Tianhe-2

Tianhe-2 or TH-2 (that is, "Milky Way 2") is a 33.86-petaflop supercomputer located in National Supercomputer Center in Guangzhou, China.

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TOP500

The TOP500 project ranks and details the 500 most powerful non-distributed computer systems in the world.

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Ubuntu (operating system)

Ubuntu (stylized as ubuntu) is a free and open source operating system and Linux distribution based on Debian.

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Universal binary

A universal binary is, in Apple parlance, an executable file or application bundle that runs natively on either PowerPC or Intel-manufactured IA-32 or Intel 64-based Macintosh computers; it is an implementation of the concept more generally known as a fat binary.

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User space

A modern computer operating system usually segregates virtual memory into kernel space and user space.

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Very long instruction word

Very long instruction word (VLIW) refers to instruction set architectures designed to exploit instruction level parallelism (ILP).

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VIA C7

The VIA C7 is an x86 central processing unit designed by Centaur Technology and sold by VIA Technologies.

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VIA Nano

The VIA Nano (formerly code-named VIA Isaiah) is a 64-bit CPU for personal computers.

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VIA Technologies

VIA Technologies Inc., is a Taiwanese manufacturer of integrated circuits, mainly motherboard chipsets, CPUs, and memory.

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Virtual 8086 mode

In the 80386 microprocessor and later, virtual 8086 mode (also called virtual real mode, V86-mode or VM86) allows the execution of real mode applications that are incapable of running directly in protected mode while the processor is running a protected mode operating system.

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Virtual DOS machine

Virtual DOS machine (VDM) is a technology that allows running 16-bit/32-bit DOS and 16-bit Windows programs on Intel 80386 or higher computers when there is already another operating system running and controlling the hardware.

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Virtual memory

In computing, virtual memory (also virtual storage) is a memory management technique that provides an "idealized abstraction of the storage resources that are actually available on a given machine" which "creates the illusion to users of a very large (main) memory." The computer's operating system, using a combination of hardware and software, maps memory addresses used by a program, called virtual addresses, into physical addresses in computer memory.

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Windows NT

Windows NT is a family of operating systems produced by Microsoft, the first version of which was released in July 1993.

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Windows Server 2003

Windows Server 2003 is a server operating system produced by Microsoft and released on April 24, 2003.

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Windows Server 2008 R2

Windows Server 2008 R2 is a server operating system produced by Microsoft.

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Windows Vista

Windows Vista (codenamed Longhorn) is an operating system by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, tablet PCs and media center PCs.

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Windows XP Professional x64 Edition

Microsoft Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, released on April 25, 2005, is an edition of Windows XP for x86-64 personal computers.

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WoW64

In computing on Microsoft platforms, WoW64 (Windows 32-bit on Windows 64-bit) is a subsystem of the Windows operating system capable of running 32-bit applications that is included in all 64-bit versions of Windows—including Windows XP Professional x64 Edition, IA-64 and x64 versions of Windows Server 2003, as well as 64-bit versions of Windows Vista, Windows Server 2008, Windows 7, Windows 8, Windows Server 2012, Windows 8.1 and Windows 10.

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W^X

W^X ("Write XOR Execute"; spoken as W xor X) is a security feature in operating systems and virtual machines.

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X Window System

The X Window System (X11, or shortened to simply X) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on UNIX-like computer operating systems.

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X32 ABI

The x32 ABI is an application binary interface (ABI) and one of the interfaces of the Linux kernel.

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X86

x86 is a family of backward-compatible instruction set architectures based on the Intel 8086 CPU and its Intel 8088 variant.

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X86 memory segmentation

x86 memory segmentation refers to the implementation of memory segmentation in the Intel x86 computer instruction set architecture.

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X86 virtualization

In computing, x86 virtualization refers to hardware virtualization for the x86 architecture.

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X87

x87 is a floating point-related subset of the x86 architecture instruction set.

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Xbox One

Xbox One is a line of eighth generation home video game consoles developed by Microsoft.

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Xeon

Xeon is a brand of x86 microprocessors designed, manufactured, and marketed by Intel, targeted at the non-consumer workstation, server, and embedded system markets.

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Xeon Phi

Xeon Phi is a series of x86 manycore processors designed and made entirely by Intel.

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Yamhill River

The Yamhill River is an tributary of the Willamette River, in the U.S. state of Oregon.

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16-bit

16-bit microcomputers are computers in which 16-bit microprocessors were the norm.

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32-bit

32-bit microcomputers are computers in which 32-bit microprocessors are the norm.

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64-bit computing

In computer architecture, 64-bit computing is the use of processors that have datapath widths, integer size, and memory address widths of 64 bits (eight octets).

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Redirects here:

64-bit compatibility mode, 64-bit x86, 64bit linux, AA-64, AMD 64, AMD-64, AMD64, Amd64, EM64T, EMT64, Em64t, IA-32E, IA-32e, IA-64t, IA32E, IA32e, IA64-t, IA64t, IAMD64, Intel 64, Intel EM64T, Intel64, PML4, Windows 64, Windows x64, X64, X64 Edition, X64 architecture, X86 64, X86-64 virtual address space, X86/64, X8664.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/X86-64

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