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Raw image format

Index Raw image format

A camera raw image file contains minimally processed data from the image sensor of either a digital camera, image scanner, or motion picture film scanner. [1]

199 relations: ACDSee, Adobe Lightroom, Adobe Photoshop, Adobe Systems, Agfa-Gevaert, Android Lollipop, Aperture (software), Apple Inc., Application programming interface, Arri Alexa, Astrophotography, Bayer filter, Better Light, Bias frame, Bibble (software), Blue-green, BMP file format, Brightness, Burst mode (photography), Camera Image File Format, Canon EOS, Canon Inc., Canon PowerShot G, Capture One, Casio, Charge-coupled device, Chromatic aberration, Chrominance, CIE 1931 color space, Cintel, Color balance, Color filter array, Color grading, Color space, Color temperature, Compression artifact, Computer program, Content management system, Contrast (vision), Core Image, Corel AfterShot Pro, Cyan, Cyber-shot, Dark-frame subtraction, Darktable, Data conversion, Database, Dcraw, Defective pixel, Demosaicing, ..., DIGIC, DigiKam, Digital camera, Digital Negative, Digital photography, Digital versus film photography, Display contrast, Distortion (optics), DxO PhotoLab, Dynamic range, Encryption, Endianness, Exif, ExifTool, Extensible Metadata Platform, FastPictureViewer, File Explorer, File sequence, Film scanner, FlashPix, Flat-field correction, Foveon X3 sensor, Front and back ends, Fujifilm, Gamma correction, Gamut, GeoTIFF, GIMP, Google, Hasselblad, HDR PhotoStudio, Helicon Filter, High-dynamic-range imaging, HTML5, Hue, ICC profile, Image compression, Image file formats, Image scanner, Image sensor, ImageMagick, Infrared cleaning, Input method, International Organization for Standardization, International Press Telecommunications Council, IOS 10, IPhoto, IPTC Information Interchange Model, IrfanView, Java (software platform), JPEG, JPEG File Interchange Format, Keykode, Kodak, Leaf (Israeli company), Leica Camera, Library of Congress, LibRaw, Lightness, LightZone, List of cameras supporting a raw format, Logitech, Lossless compression, Lossless JPEG, Lossy compression, Lumix, Mac OS X Tiger, MagicRaw, Mamiya, Memory card, Metadata, Michael Reichmann, Microsoft, Minolta, Minolta A-mount system, Minolta RD-175, Motion picture film scanner, Negative (photography), Nikon, Noise reduction, Olympus Corporation, Open format, Open standard, Open-source model, OpenRAW, ORF format, PaintShop Pro, Panasonic, Pentax, Phase One (company), Photo Ninja, Photographic film, Photographic printing, Photographic processing, PhotoLine, Picasa, Pics.io, Pixel, Plug-in (computing), Portable Network Graphics, Posterization, Proprietary software, Purple fringing, Quantization (image processing), Radiometry, Raster graphics, Raster graphics editor, Rawstudio, RawTherapee, Rawzor, Red Digital Cinema, Reverse engineering, RGBE filter, Rich Internet application, Ricoh, Run-length encoding, Samsung, Seiko Epson, Sharpening, Shotwell (software), Sigma Corporation, Silkypix Developer Studio, SilverFast, Smartphone, Sony, Sony Cyber-shot DSC-F828, Sony Cyber-shot DSC-R1, Sony α, Spectral sensitivity, SRGB, Three-CCD camera, Thumbnail, TIFF, TIFF/EP, Tilt–shift photography, Timecode, Tone mapping, Tone reproduction, UFRaw, Unix, Unsharp masking, Vignetting, Visual acuity, Windows 7, Windows Photo Gallery, Windows Vista, Windows XP, Working group, XnView. Expand index (149 more) »

ACDSee

ACDSee is an image organizer, viewer, and image editor program for Windows, macOS and iOS, developed by ACD Systems International Inc.

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Adobe Lightroom

Adobe Lightroom (officially Adobe Photoshop Lightroom) is a family of image organization and image manipulation software developed by Adobe Systems for Windows and macOS.

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Adobe Photoshop

Adobe Photoshop is a raster graphics editor developed and published by Adobe Systems for macOS and Windows.

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Adobe Systems

Adobe Systems Incorporated, commonly known as Adobe, is an American multinational computer software company.

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Agfa-Gevaert

Agfa-Gevaert N.V. (Agfa) is a Belgian-German multinational corporation that develops, manufactures, and distributes analogue and digital imaging products and systems, as well as IT solutions.

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Android Lollipop

Android "Lollipop" is a codename for the Android mobile operating system developed by Google, spanning versions between 5.0 and 5.1.1.

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Aperture (software)

Aperture is a discontinued photo editing and management computer program developed by Apple Inc. for the macOS operating system, first released in 2005, which was available from the Mac App Store.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Application programming interface

In computer programming, an application programming interface (API) is a set of subroutine definitions, protocols, and tools for building software.

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Arri Alexa

The Arri Alexa (stylised as ΛLEXΛ) is a digital motion picture camera system made by Arri first introduced in April 2010.

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Astrophotography

Astrophotography is a specialized type of photography for recording photos of astronomical objects, celestial events, and areas of the night sky.

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Bayer filter

A Bayer filter mosaic is a color filter array (CFA) for arranging RGB color filters on a square grid of photosensors.

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Better Light

Better Light, Inc. is a company in San Carlos, California, US that manufactures high-end digital scanning backs for view cameras, which are used in many photographic applications including; landscape, commercial advertising, fine art reproduction and architecture.

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Bias frame

In digital photography, a bias frame is an image obtained from an opto-electronic image sensor, with no actual exposure time.

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Bibble (software)

Bibble is a digital imaging program for multiple platforms by Bibble Labs, designed to assist photographers in post-production work and efficient optimization of images created in the Raw image format.

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Blue-green

Blue-green/bottle green is a color that is a representation of the color that is between green and blue on a typical traditional old-fashioned RYB color wheel.

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BMP file format

The BMP file format, also known as bitmap image file or device independent bitmap (DIB) file format or simply a bitmap, is a raster graphics image file format used to store bitmap digital images, independently of the display device (such as a graphics adapter), especially on Microsoft Windows and OS/2 operating systems.

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Brightness

Brightness is an attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to be radiating or reflecting light.

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Burst mode (photography)

Burst mode, also called continuous shooting mode, sports mode or continuous high speed mode, is a shooting mode in still cameras.

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Camera Image File Format

In digital photography, the Camera Image File Format (CIFF) file format is a raw image format designed by Canon, and also used as a container format to store metadata in APP0 of JPEG images.

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Canon EOS

Canon EOS (Electro-Optical System) is an autofocus single-lens reflex camera (SLR) camera series produced by Canon Inc..

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Canon Inc.

is a Japanese multinational corporation specializing in the manufacture of imaging and optical products, including cameras, camcorders, photocopiers, steppers, computer printers and medical equipment. It's headquartered in Ōta, Tokyo, Japan."." Canon. Retrieved on 13 January 2009. Canon has a primary listing on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the TOPIX index. It has a secondary listing on the New York Stock Exchange.

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Canon PowerShot G

The Canon PowerShot G is a series of digital cameras released by Canon.

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Capture One

Capture One (also known as Capture One Pro or C1Pro by users) is a professional raw image file converter and image editing software developed by Phase One.

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Casio

is a Japanese multinational consumer electronics and commercial electronics manufacturing company headquartered in Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan.

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Charge-coupled device

A charge-coupled device (CCD) is a device for the movement of electrical charge, usually from within the device to an area where the charge can be manipulated, for example conversion into a digital value.

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Chromatic aberration

In optics, chromatic aberration (abbreviated CA; also called chromatic distortion and spherochromatism) is an effect resulting from dispersion in which there is a failure of a lens to focus all colors to the same convergence point.

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Chrominance

Chrominance (chroma or C for short) is the signal used in video systems to convey the color information of the picture, separately from the accompanying luma signal (or Y for short).

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CIE 1931 color space

The CIE 1931 color spaces were the first defined quantitative links between distributions of wavelengths in the electromagnetic visible spectrum, and physiologically perceived colors in human color vision.

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Cintel

Cintel was a British digital cinema company founded in 1927 by John Logie Baird and based in Ware, Hertfordshire.

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Color balance

In photography and image processing, color balance is the global adjustment of the intensities of the colors (typically red, green, and blue primary colors).

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Color filter array

In photography, a color filter array (CFA), or color filter mosaic (CFM), is a mosaic of tiny color filters placed over the pixel sensors of an image sensor to capture color information.

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Color grading

Color grading is the process of altering and enhancing the color of a motion picture, video image, or still image electronically, photo-chemically or digitally.

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Color space

A color space is a specific organization of colors.

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Color temperature

The color temperature of a light source is the temperature of an ideal black-body radiator that radiates light of a color comparable to that of the light source.

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Compression artifact

A compression artifact (or artefact) is a noticeable distortion of media (including images, audio, and video) caused by the application of lossy compression.

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Computer program

A computer program is a collection of instructions for performing a specific task that is designed to solve a specific class of problems.

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Content management system

A content management system (CMS)Managing Enterprise Content: A Unified Content Strategy.

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Contrast (vision)

Contrast is the difference in luminance or colour that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable.

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Core Image

Core Image is a pixel-accurate, near-realtime, non-destructive image processing technology in Mac OS X. Implemented as part of the QuartzCore framework of Mac OS X 10.4 and later, Core Image provides a plugin-based architecture for applying filters and effects within the Quartz graphics rendering layer.

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Corel AfterShot Pro

Corel AfterShot Pro is a commercial and proprietary raw image processing software by Corel.

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Cyan

Cyan is a greenish-blue color.

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Cyber-shot

Cyber-shot is Sony's line of point-and-shoot digital cameras introduced in 1996.

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Dark-frame subtraction

In digital photography, dark-frame subtraction is a way to minimize image noise for photographs shot with long exposure times, at high ISO sensor sensitivity or at high temperatures.

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Darktable

darktable is a free and open-source photography workflow application and raw developer.

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Data conversion

Data conversion is the conversion of computer data from one format to another.

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Database

A database is an organized collection of data, stored and accessed electronically.

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Dcraw

dcraw is an open-source computer program which is able to read numerous raw image format files, typically produced by mid-range and high-end digital cameras.

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Defective pixel

Defective pixels are pixels on a liquid crystal display (LCD) that are not performing as expected.

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Demosaicing

A demosaicing (also de-mosaicing, demosaicking or debayering) algorithm is a digital image process used to reconstruct a full color image from the incomplete color samples output from an image sensor overlaid with a color filter array (CFA).

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DIGIC

Digital Imaging Integrated Circuit (often styled as "DiG!C") is Canon Inc.'s name for a family of signal processing and control units for digital cameras and camcorders.

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DigiKam

digiKam is a free and open-source image organizer and tag editor written in C++ utilizing the KDE Platform.

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Digital camera

A digital camera or digicam is a camera that captures photographs in digital memory.

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Digital Negative

Digital Negative (DNG) is a patented, open, non-free lossless raw image format written by Adobe used for digital photography.

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Digital photography

Digital photography is a form of photography that uses cameras containing arrays of electronic photodetectors to capture images focused by a lens, as opposed to an exposure on photographic film.

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Digital versus film photography

The merits of digital versus film photography were considered by photographers and filmmakers in the early 21st century after consumer digital cameras became widely available.

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Display contrast

Contrast in visual perception is the difference in appearance of two or more parts of a field seen simultaneously or successively (hence: brightness contrast, lightness contrast, color contrast, simultaneous contrast, successive contrast, etc.). Contrast in physics is a quantity intended to correlate with the perceived brightness contrast, usually defined by one of a number of formulae (see below) which involve e.g. the luminances of the stimuli considered, for example: ΔL/L near the luminance threshold (known as Weber contrast), or LH/LL for much higher luminances.

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Distortion (optics)

In geometric optics, distortion is a deviation from rectilinear projection; a projection in which straight lines in a scene remain straight in an image.

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DxO PhotoLab

DxO PhotoLab is image processing software developed by the French company DxO Labs.

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Dynamic range

Dynamic range, abbreviated DR, DNR, or DYR is the ratio between the largest and smallest values that a certain quantity can assume.

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Encryption

In cryptography, encryption is the process of encoding a message or information in such a way that only authorized parties can access it and those who are not authorized cannot.

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Endianness

Endianness refers to the sequential order in which bytes are arranged into larger numerical values when stored in memory or when transmitted over digital links.

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Exif

Exchangeable image file format (officially Exif, according to JEIDA/JEITA/CIPA specifications) is a standard that specifies the formats for images, sound, and ancillary tags used by digital cameras (including smartphones), scanners and other systems handling image and sound files recorded by digital cameras.

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ExifTool

ExifTool is a free and open-source software program for reading, writing, and manipulating image, audio, video, and PDF metadata.

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Extensible Metadata Platform

The Extensible Metadata Platform (XMP) is an ISO standard, originally created by Adobe Systems Inc., for the creation, processing and interchange of standardized and custom metadata for digital documents and data sets.

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FastPictureViewer

FastPictureViewer is a freemium image viewer for Windows XP and later.

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File Explorer

File Explorer, previously known as Windows Explorer, is a file manager application that is included with releases of the Microsoft Windows operating system from Windows 95 onwards.

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File sequence

In computing, as well as in non-computing contexts, a file sequence is a well-ordered, (finite) collection of files, usually related to each other in some way.

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Film scanner

A film scanner is a device made for scanning photographic film directly into a computer without the use of any intermediate printmaking.

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FlashPix

FlashPix is a bitmapped computer graphics file format where the image is saved in more than one resolution.

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Flat-field correction

The brightness variation due to vignetting, as shown here, can be corrected by selectively brightening the perimeter of the image. Flat-field correction is a technique used to improve quality in digital imaging.

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Foveon X3 sensor

The Foveon X3 sensor is an image sensor for digital cameras, designed by Foveon, Inc. (now part of Sigma Corporation) and manufactured by Dongbu Electronics.

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Front and back ends

In software engineering, the terms front end and back end refer to the separation of concerns between the presentation layer (front end), and the data access layer (back end) of a piece of software, or the physical infrastructure or hardware.

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Fujifilm

, trading as Fujifilm (stylized as FUJiFILM), or simply Fuji, is a Japanese multinational photography and imaging company headquartered in Tokyo.

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Gamma correction

Gamma correction, or often simply gamma, is a nonlinear operation used to encode and decode luminance or tristimulus values in video or still image systems.

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Gamut

In color reproduction, including computer graphics and photography, the gamut, or color gamut, is a certain complete subset of colors.

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GeoTIFF

GeoTIFF is a public domain metadata standard which allows georeferencing information to be embedded within a TIFF file.

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GIMP

GIMP (GNU Image Manipulation Program) is a free and open-source raster graphics editor used for image retouching and editing, free-form drawing, converting between different image formats, and more specialized tasks.

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Google

Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.

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Hasselblad

Victor Hasselblad AB is a Swedish manufacturer of medium-format cameras, photographic equipment and image scanners based in Gothenburg, Sweden.

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HDR PhotoStudio

HDR PhotoStudio is a discontinued high dynamic range (HDR) graphics application developed by Unified Color for Windows and macOS operating systems.

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Helicon Filter

Helicon Filter, also referred to as Helicon, Filter, or as HF, was a proprietary commercial and shareware photo editing software program for Microsoft Windows, similar to such programs as Adobe Photoshop and GIMP, developed and published by Helicon Soft Ltd.

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High-dynamic-range imaging

High-dynamic-range imaging (HDRI) is a high dynamic range (HDR) technique used in imaging and photography to reproduce a greater dynamic range of luminosity than is possible with standard digital imaging or photographic techniques.

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HTML5

HTML5 is a markup language used for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web.

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Hue

Hue is one of the main properties (called color appearance parameters) of a color, defined technically (in the CIECAM02 model), as "the degree to which a stimulus can be described as similar to or different from stimuli that are described as red, green, blue, and yellow", (which in certain theories of color vision are called unique hues).

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ICC profile

In color management, an ICC profile is a set of data that characterizes a color input or output device, or a color space, according to standards promulgated by the International Color Consortium (ICC).

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Image compression

Image compression is a type of data compression applied to digital images, to reduce their cost for storage or transmission.

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Image file formats

Image file formats are standardized means of organizing and storing digital images.

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Image scanner

An image scanner—often abbreviated to just scanner, although the term is ambiguous out of context (barcode scanner, CT scanner etc.)—is a device that optically scans images, printed text, handwriting or an object and converts it to a digital image.

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Image sensor

An image sensor or imaging sensor is a sensor that detects and conveys the information that constitutes an image.

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ImageMagick

ImageMagick is a free and open-source software suite for displaying, converting, and editing raster image and vector image files.

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Infrared cleaning

Infrared cleaning is a technique used by some film scanners and flatbed scanners to reduce or remove the effect of dust and scratches upon the finished scan.

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Input method

An input method (or input method editor, commonly abbreviated IME) is an operating system component or program that allows any data, such as keyboard strokes or mouse movements, to be received as input.

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International Organization for Standardization

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO) is an international standard-setting body composed of representatives from various national standards organizations.

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International Press Telecommunications Council

The International Press Telecommunications Council (IPTC), based in London, United Kingdom, is a consortium of the world's major news agencies, other news providers and news industry vendors and acts as the global standards body of the news media.

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IOS 10

iOS 10 is the tenth major release of the iOS mobile operating system developed by Apple Inc., being the successor to iOS 9.

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IPhoto

iPhoto is a discontinued digital photograph manipulation software application developed by Apple Inc. It was included with every Macintosh personal computer from 2002 to 2015, when it was replaced with Apple's Photos application.

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IPTC Information Interchange Model

The Information Interchange Model (IIM) is a file structure and set of metadata attributes that can be applied to text, images and other media types.

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IrfanView

IrfanView is an image viewer, editor, organiser and converter program for Microsoft Windows.

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Java (software platform)

Java is a set of computer software and specifications developed by James Gosling at Sun Microsystems, which was later acquired by the Oracle Corporation, that provides a system for developing application software and deploying it in a cross-platform computing environment.

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JPEG

JPEG is a commonly used method of lossy compression for digital images, particularly for those images produced by digital photography.

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JPEG File Interchange Format

The JPEG File Interchange Format (JFIF) is an image file format standard.

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Keykode

Keykode (also written as either KeyKode or KeyCode) is an Eastman Kodak Company advancement on edge numbers, which are letters, numbers and symbols placed at regular intervals along the edge of 35 mm and 16 mm film to allow for frame-by-frame specific identification.

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Kodak

The Eastman Kodak Company (referred to simply as Kodak) is an American technology company that produces imaging products with its historic basis on photography.

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Leaf (Israeli company)

Leaf, previously a division of Scitex and later Kodak, is now a subsidiary of Phase One.

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Leica Camera

Leica Camera AG is a German company that manufactures cameras, lenses, binoculars, rifle scopes and ophthalmic lenses.

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Library of Congress

The Library of Congress (LOC) is the research library that officially serves the United States Congress and is the de facto national library of the United States.

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LibRaw

LibRaw is a free and open-source software library for reading raw files from digital cameras.

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Lightness

In colorimetry and color theory, lightness, also known as value or tone, is a representation of variation in the perception of a color or color space's brightness.

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LightZone

LightZone is a free, open source digital photo editor software application.

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List of cameras supporting a raw format

The following digital cameras allow photos to be taken and saved in at least one raw image format.

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Logitech

Logitech International S.A. (commonly referred to as Logitech or Logi; stylized as logitech, previously LOGITECH) is a Swiss provider of personal computer and mobile accessories, with its headquarters in Lausanne, Switzerland and administrative headquarters in Newark, California.

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Lossless compression

Lossless compression is a class of data compression algorithms that allows the original data to be perfectly reconstructed from the compressed data.

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Lossless JPEG

Lossless JPEG is a 1993 addition to JPEG standard by the Joint Photographic Experts Group to enable lossless compression.

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Lossy compression

In information technology, lossy compression or irreversible compression is the class of data encoding methods that uses inexact approximations and partial data discarding to represent the content.

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Lumix

Lumix is Panasonic's brand of digital cameras, ranging from pocket point-and-shoot models to digital SLRs.

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Mac OS X Tiger

Mac OS X Tiger (version 10.4) is the fifth major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Mac computers.

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MagicRaw

MagicRaw was a camera raw image format and HDR (High Dynamic Range) digital imaging software processor designed to make the process of merging multiple photographs into high dynamic range images and convert raw files into displayable images.

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Mamiya

is a Japanese company that manufactures high-end cameras and other related photographic and optical equipment.

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Memory card

A memory card, flash card or memory cartridge is an electronic flash memory data storage device used for storing digital information.

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Metadata

Metadata is "data that provides information about other data".

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Michael Reichmann

Michael H. Reichmann (MR) (25 June 1944 – 18 May 2016) was a Canadian landscape, travel and street fine-arts photographer as well as videographer, author, blogger, workshopper, independent technical consultant, camera tester, software developer and entrepreneur.

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Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation (abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.

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Minolta

was a Japanese manufacturer of cameras, camera accessories, photocopiers, fax machines, and laser printers.

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Minolta A-mount system

The Minolta A-mount camera system was a line of photographic equipment from Minolta.

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Minolta RD-175

The Minolta RD-175 was probably the first digital SLR which was hand portable.

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Motion picture film scanner

A motion picture film scanner is a device used in digital filmmaking to scan original film for storage as high-resolution digital intermediate files.

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Negative (photography)

In photography, a negative is an image, usually on a strip or sheet of transparent plastic film, in which the lightest areas of the photographed subject appear darkest and the darkest areas appear lightest.

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Nikon

(or), also known just as Nikon, is a Japanese multinational corporation headquartered in Tokyo, Japan, specializing in optics and imaging products.

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Noise reduction

Noise reduction is the process of removing noise from a signal.

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Olympus Corporation

is a Japanese manufacturer of optics and reprography products.

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Open format

An open format is a file format for storing digital data, defined by a published specification usually maintained by a standards organization, and which can be used and implemented by anyone.

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Open standard

An open standard is a standard that is publicly available and has various rights to use associated with it, and may also have various properties of how it was designed (e.g. open process).

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Open-source model

The open-source model is a decentralized software-development model that encourages open collaboration.

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OpenRAW

OpenRAW was an initiative to raise awareness of a serious problem with top-end digital photography and to help solve that problem.

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ORF format

The ORF file format is a raw image format used in Olympus digital cameras.

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PaintShop Pro

PaintShop Pro (PSP) is a raster and vector graphics editor for Microsoft Windows.

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Panasonic

, formerly known as, is a Japanese multinational electronics corporation headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan.

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Pentax

is a brand name used primarily by Japanese multinational imaging and electronics company Ricoh for cameras, sport optics (including binoculars and rifle scopes), and CCTV optics.

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Phase One (company)

Phase One is a Danish company specializing in high-end digital photography equipment and software.

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Photo Ninja

Photo Ninja is a RAW image processing software by PictureCode, first released as a finished product in September 2012.

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Photographic film

Photographic film is a strip or sheet of transparent plastic film base coated on one side with a gelatin emulsion containing microscopically small light-sensitive silver halide crystals.

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Photographic printing

Photographic printing is the process of producing a final image on paper for viewing, using chemically sensitized paper.

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Photographic processing

Photographic processing or development is the chemical means by which photographic film or paper is treated after photographic exposure to produce a negative or positive image.

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PhotoLine

PhotoLine is a raster and vector graphics editor for Windows and Mac OS X. Its features include 16 bits of color depth, full color management, support of RGB, CMYK and Lab color models, layer support, and non-destructive image manipulation.

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Picasa

Picasa is a discontinued image organizer and image viewer for organizing and editing digital photos, plus an integrated photo-sharing website, originally created by a company named Lifescape (which at that time may have resided at Idealab) in 2002.

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Pics.io

Pics.io (pronounced "pixy-o") is a digital asset management app developed by TopTechPhoto.

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Pixel

In digital imaging, a pixel, pel, dots, or picture element is a physical point in a raster image, or the smallest addressable element in an all points addressable display device; so it is the smallest controllable element of a picture represented on the screen.

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Plug-in (computing)

In computing, a plug-in (or plugin, add-in, addin, add-on, addon, or extension) is a software component that adds a specific feature to an existing computer program.

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Portable Network Graphics

Portable Network Graphics (PNG, pronounced or) is a raster graphics file format that supports lossless data compression.

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Posterization

Posterization or posterisation of an image entails conversion of a continuous gradation of tone to several regions of fewer tones, with abrupt changes from one tone to another.

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Proprietary software

Proprietary software is non-free computer software for which the software's publisher or another person retains intellectual property rights—usually copyright of the source code, but sometimes patent rights.

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Purple fringing

In photography, and particularly in digital photography, purple fringing (sometimes called PF) is the term for an out-of-focus purple or magenta "ghost" image on a photograph.

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Quantization (image processing)

Quantization, involved in image processing, is a lossy compression technique achieved by compressing a range of values to a single quantum value.

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Radiometry

Radiometry is a set of techniques for measuring electromagnetic radiation, including visible light.

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Raster graphics

In computer graphics, a raster graphics or bitmap image is a dot matrix data structure that represents a generally rectangular grid of pixels (points of color), viewable via a monitor, paper, or other display medium.

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Raster graphics editor

A raster graphics editor is a computer program that allows users to create and edit images interactively on the computer screen and save them in one of many "bitmap" or "raster" formats such as JPEG, PNG, GIF and TIFF.

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Rawstudio

Rawstudio is a stand-alone software application to read and manipulate images in raw image formats from digital cameras.

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RawTherapee

RawTherapee is a cross-platform raw image processing program, released under the GNU General Public License Version 3.

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Rawzor

Rawzor is a proprietary lossless image compression software which compresses camera raw images without any loss in image quality or meta-information.

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Red Digital Cinema

The Red Digital Cinema is an American company that manufactures digital cinematography and photography cameras and accessories.

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Reverse engineering

Reverse engineering, also called back engineering, is the process by which a man-made object is deconstructed to reveal its designs, architecture, or to extract knowledge from the object; similar to scientific research, the only difference being that scientific research is about a natural phenomenon.

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RGBE filter

In digital photography, the RGBE filter is an alternative color filter array to the Bayer filter (GRGB).

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Rich Internet application

A rich Internet application (RIA; sometimes called an Installable Internet Application) is a Web application that has many of the characteristics of desktop application software, typically delivered by way of a site-specific browser, a browser plug-in, an independent sandbox, extensive use of JavaScript, or a virtual machine.

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Ricoh

is a Japanese multinational imaging and electronics company.

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Run-length encoding

Run-length encoding (RLE) is a very simple form of lossless data compression in which runs of data (that is, sequences in which the same data value occurs in many consecutive data elements) are stored as a single data value and count, rather than as the original run.

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Samsung

Samsung is a South Korean multinational conglomerate headquartered in Samsung Town, Seoul.

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Seiko Epson

(Epson being an abbreviation for "Son of Electronic Printer"), or simply Epson, is a Japanese electronics company and one of the world's largest manufacturers of computer printers, and information and imaging related equipment.

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Sharpening

Sharpening is the process of creating or refining a sharp edge of appropriate shape on a tool or implement designed for cutting.

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Shotwell (software)

Shotwell is an image organizer designed to provide personal photo management for the GNOME desktop environment.

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Sigma Corporation

is a Japanese company, manufacturing cameras, lenses, flashes and other photographic accessories.

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Silkypix Developer Studio

Silkypix Developer Studio is a commercial and proprietary RAW image processing software.

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SilverFast

SilverFast is the name of a family of software for image scanning and processing, including photos, documents and slides, developed by LaserSoft Imaging.

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Smartphone

A smartphone is a handheld personal computer with a mobile operating system and an integrated mobile broadband cellular network connection for voice, SMS, and Internet data communication; most, if not all, smartphones also support Wi-Fi.

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Sony

is a Japanese multinational conglomerate corporation headquartered in Kōnan, Minato, Tokyo.

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Sony Cyber-shot DSC-F828

The Sony Cyber-shot DSC-F828 is a digital bridge camera announced by Sony on August 15, 2003.

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Sony Cyber-shot DSC-R1

The Sony Cyber-shot DSC-R1 is a bridge digital camera announced by Sony in 2005 (and discontinued in 2006).

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Sony α

Sony α (the lower case to Greek letter alpha, often transliterated as Sony Alpha), is a camera system introduced on 5 June 2006.

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Spectral sensitivity

Spectral sensitivity is the relative efficiency of detection, of light or other signal, as a function of the frequency or wavelength of the signal.

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SRGB

sRGB (standard Red Green Blue) is an RGB color space that HP and Microsoft created cooperatively in 1996 to use on monitors, printers, and the Internet.

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Three-CCD camera

A three-CCD (3CCD) camera is a camera whose imaging system uses three separate charge-coupled devices (CCDs), each one receiving filtered red, green, or blue color ranges.

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Thumbnail

Thumbnails are reduced-size versions of pictures or videos, used to help in recognizing and organizing them, serving the same role for images as a normal text index does for words.

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TIFF

Tagged Image File Format, abbreviated TIFF or TIF, is a computer file format for storing raster graphics images, popular among graphic artists, the publishing industry, and photographers.

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TIFF/EP

Tag Image File Format/Electronic Photography (TIFF/EP) is a digital image file format standard – ISO 12234-2, titled "Electronic still-picture imaging – Removable memory – Part 2: TIFF/EP image data format".

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Tilt–shift photography

Tilt–shift photography is the use of camera movements on small- and medium-format cameras, and sometimes specifically refers to the use of tilt for selective focus, often for simulating a miniature scene.

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Timecode

A timecode (alternatively, time code) is a sequence of numeric codes generated at regular intervals by a timing synchronization system.

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Tone mapping

Tone mapping is a technique used in image processing and computer graphics to map one set of colors to another to approximate the appearance of high-dynamic-range images in a medium that has a more limited dynamic range.

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Tone reproduction

In the theory of photography, tone reproduction is the mapping of scene luminance and color to print reflectance or display luminance, with the aim of subjectively "properly" reproducing brightness and "brightness differences".

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UFRaw

UFRaw (which stands for Unidentified Flying Raw) is an application which can read and manipulate photographs in raw image formats, as created by many digital cameras.

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Unix

Unix (trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, development starting in the 1970s at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.

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Unsharp masking

Unsharp masking (USM) is an image sharpening technique, often available in digital image processing software.

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Vignetting

In photography and optics, vignetting (vignette) is a reduction of an image's brightness or saturation toward the periphery compared to the image center.

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Visual acuity

Visual acuity (VA) commonly refers to the clarity of vision.

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Windows 7

Windows 7 (codenamed Vienna, formerly Blackcomb) is a personal computer operating system developed by Microsoft.

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Windows Photo Gallery

Windows Photo Gallery (formerly known as Windows Live Photo Gallery) is an image organizer, photo editor and photo sharing app.

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Windows Vista

Windows Vista (codenamed Longhorn) is an operating system by Microsoft for use on personal computers, including home and business desktops, laptops, tablet PCs and media center PCs.

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Windows XP

Windows XP (codenamed Whistler) is a personal computer operating system that was produced by Microsoft as part of the Windows NT family of operating systems.

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Working group

A working group or working party is a group of experts working together to achieve specified goals.

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XnView

XnView is an image organizer and general-purpose file manager used for viewing, converting, organizing and editing raster images, as well as general purpose file management.

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Redirects here:

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raw_image_format

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