Faster access than browser!
77 relations: Abjad numerals, Abugida, Aleph, Alphabet, Ancient South Arabian script, Approximant consonant, Arabic, Arabic alphabet, Arabic diacritics, Aramaic alphabet, Ayin, Ba‘alat Gebal, Boustrophedon, Brahmi script, Canadian Aboriginal syllabics, Chinese characters, Church of the East, Classical Arabic, Consonant, Context (language use), Cuneiform script, Cyrillic script, Devanagari, Diacritic, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Encyclopædia Iranica, Ge'ez script, Gematria, Glyph, Grapheme, Greek alphabet, Guttural, He (letter), Hebrew alphabet, Hebrew language, Heth, History of the alphabet, Inherent vowel, Israelis, James Evans (linguist), Japanese language, Jewish diaspora, Kana, Kanji, Kashmiri language, Latin alphabet, Linear B, Man'yōgana, Mandaic alphabet, Mater lectionis, ..., Modern Standard Arabic, Morphology (linguistics), Nabataean alphabet, Niqqud, Numerology, Old Uyghur alphabet, Pahlavi scripts, Phoenician alphabet, Phonology, Pitman shorthand, Proto-Sinaitic script, Psalter Pahlavi, Punic language, Samaritan alphabet, Sasanian Empire, Semitic root, Shorthand, Sogdian alphabet, Syllabary, Syriac alphabet, Syriac Orthodox Church, Ugaritic alphabet, Vowel, Waw (letter), West Semitic languages, Writing system, Yodh. Expand index (27 more) »
Abjad numerals
The Abjad numerals are a decimal numeral system in which the 28 letters of the Arabic alphabet are assigned numerical values.
New!!: Abjad and Abjad numerals · See more »
Abugida
An abugida (from Ge'ez: አቡጊዳ ’abugida), or alphasyllabary, is a segmental writing system in which consonant–vowel sequences are written as a unit: each unit is based on a consonant letter, and vowel notation is secondary.
New!!: Abjad and Abugida · See more »
Aleph
Aleph (or alef or alif) is the first letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician 'Ālep 𐤀, Hebrew 'Ālef א, Aramaic Ālap 𐡀, Syriac ʾĀlap̄ ܐ, Arabic ا, Urdu ا, and Persian.
New!!: Abjad and Aleph · See more »
Alphabet
An alphabet is a standard set of letters (basic written symbols or graphemes) that is used to write one or more languages based upon the general principle that the letters represent phonemes (basic significant sounds) of the spoken language.
New!!: Abjad and Alphabet · See more »
Ancient South Arabian script
The Ancient South Arabian script (Old South Arabian 𐩣𐩯𐩬𐩳 ms3nd; modern المُسنَد musnad) branched from the Proto-Sinaitic script in about the 9th century BC.
New!!: Abjad and Ancient South Arabian script · See more »
Approximant consonant
Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.
New!!: Abjad and Approximant consonant · See more »
Arabic
Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.
New!!: Abjad and Arabic · See more »
Arabic alphabet
The Arabic alphabet (الأَبْجَدِيَّة العَرَبِيَّة, or الحُرُوف العَرَبِيَّة) or Arabic abjad is the Arabic script as it is codified for writing Arabic.
New!!: Abjad and Arabic alphabet · See more »
Arabic diacritics
The Arabic script has numerous diacritics, including i'jam -, consonant pointing and tashkil -, supplementary diacritics.
New!!: Abjad and Arabic diacritics · See more »
Aramaic alphabet
The ancient Aramaic alphabet is adapted from the Phoenician alphabet and became distinct from it by the 8th century BCE.
New!!: Abjad and Aramaic alphabet · See more »
Ayin
Ayin (also ayn, ain; transliterated) is the sixteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac ܥ, and Arabic rtl (where it is sixteenth in abjadi order only).
New!!: Abjad and Ayin · See more »
Ba‘alat Gebal
Ba‘alat Gebal, 'Lady of Byblos', was the goddess of the city of Byblos, Phoenicia in ancient times.
New!!: Abjad and Ba‘alat Gebal · See more »
Boustrophedon
Boustrophedon (βουστροφηδόν, "ox-turning" from βοῦς,, "ox", στροφή,, "turn" and the adverbial suffix -δόν, "like, in the manner of"; that is, turning like oxen in ploughing) is a kind of bi-directional text, mostly seen in ancient manuscripts and other inscriptions.
New!!: Abjad and Boustrophedon · See more »
Brahmi script
Brahmi (IAST) is the modern name given to one of the oldest writing systems used in Ancient India and present South and Central Asia from the 1st millennium BCE.
New!!: Abjad and Brahmi script · See more »
Canadian Aboriginal syllabics
Canadian Aboriginal syllabic writing, or simply syllabics, is a family of abugidas (writing systems based on consonant-vowel pairs) used to write a number of indigenous Canadian languages of the Algonquian, Inuit, and (formerly) Athabaskan language families.
New!!: Abjad and Canadian Aboriginal syllabics · See more »
Chinese characters
Chinese characters are logograms primarily used in the writing of Chinese and Japanese.
New!!: Abjad and Chinese characters · See more »
Church of the East
The Church of the East (ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ Ēdṯāʾ d-Maḏenḥā), also known as the Nestorian Church, was an Eastern Christian Church with independent hierarchy from the Nestorian Schism (431–544), while tracing its history to the late 1st century AD in Assyria, then the satrapy of Assuristan in the Parthian Empire.
New!!: Abjad and Church of the East · See more »
Classical Arabic
Classical Arabic is the form of the Arabic language used in Umayyad and Abbasid literary texts from the 7th century AD to the 9th century AD.
New!!: Abjad and Classical Arabic · See more »
Consonant
In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.
New!!: Abjad and Consonant · See more »
Context (language use)
In semiotics, linguistics, sociology and anthropology, context refers to those objects or entities which surround a focal event, in these disciplines typically a communicative event, of some kind.
New!!: Abjad and Context (language use) · See more »
Cuneiform script
Cuneiform script, one of the earliest systems of writing, was invented by the Sumerians.
New!!: Abjad and Cuneiform script · See more »
Cyrillic script
The Cyrillic script is a writing system used for various alphabets across Eurasia (particularity in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Central Asia, and North Asia).
New!!: Abjad and Cyrillic script · See more »
Devanagari
Devanagari (देवनागरी,, a compound of "''deva''" देव and "''nāgarī''" नागरी; Hindi pronunciation), also called Nagari (Nāgarī, नागरी),Kathleen Kuiper (2010), The Culture of India, New York: The Rosen Publishing Group,, page 83 is an abugida (alphasyllabary) used in India and Nepal.
New!!: Abjad and Devanagari · See more »
Diacritic
A diacritic – also diacritical mark, diacritical point, diacritical sign, or an accent – is a glyph added to a letter, or basic glyph.
New!!: Abjad and Diacritic · See more »
Egyptian hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt.
New!!: Abjad and Egyptian hieroglyphs · See more »
Encyclopædia Iranica
Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
New!!: Abjad and Encyclopædia Iranica · See more »
Ge'ez script
Ge'ez (Ge'ez: ግዕዝ), also known as Ethiopic, is a script used as an abugida (alphasyllabary) for several languages of Ethiopia and Eritrea.
New!!: Abjad and Ge'ez script · See more »
Gematria
Gematria (גמטריא, plural or, gematriot) originated as an Assyro-Babylonian-Greek system of alphanumeric code or cipher later adopted into Jewish culture that assigns numerical value to a word, name, or phrase in the belief that words or phrases with identical numerical values bear some relation to each other or bear some relation to the number itself as it may apply to Nature, a person's age, the calendar year, or the like.
New!!: Abjad and Gematria · See more »
Glyph
In typography, a glyph is an elemental symbol within an agreed set of symbols, intended to represent a readable character for the purposes of writing.
New!!: Abjad and Glyph · See more »
Grapheme
In linguistics, a grapheme is the smallest unit of a writing system of any given language.
New!!: Abjad and Grapheme · See more »
Greek alphabet
The Greek alphabet has been used to write the Greek language since the late 9th or early 8th century BC.
New!!: Abjad and Greek alphabet · See more »
Guttural
Guttural speech sounds are those with a primary place of articulation near the back of the oral cavity.
New!!: Abjad and Guttural · See more »
He (letter)
He is the fifth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Hē, Hebrew Hē, Aramaic Hē, Syriac Hē ܗ, and Arabic ﻫ. Its sound value is a voiceless glottal fricative.
New!!: Abjad and He (letter) · See more »
Hebrew alphabet
The Hebrew alphabet (אָלֶף־בֵּית עִבְרִי), known variously by scholars as the Jewish script, square script and block script, is an abjad script used in the writing of the Hebrew language, also adapted as an alphabet script in the writing of other Jewish languages, most notably in Yiddish (lit. "Jewish" for Judeo-German), Djudío (lit. "Jewish" for Judeo-Spanish), and Judeo-Arabic.
New!!: Abjad and Hebrew alphabet · See more »
Hebrew language
No description.
New!!: Abjad and Hebrew language · See more »
Heth
or H̱et (also spelled Khet, Kheth, Chet, Cheth, Het, or Heth) is the eighth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Ḥēt, Hebrew Ḥēt, Aramaic Ḥēth, Syriac Ḥēṯ ܚ, and Arabic Ḥā'.
New!!: Abjad and Heth · See more »
History of the alphabet
The history of alphabetic writing goes back to the consonantal writing system used for Semitic languages in the Levant in the 2nd millennium BCE.
New!!: Abjad and History of the alphabet · See more »
Inherent vowel
An inherent vowel is part of an abugida (or alphasyllabary) script.
New!!: Abjad and Inherent vowel · See more »
Israelis
Israelis (ישראלים Yiśraʾelim, الإسرائيليين al-ʾIsrāʾīliyyin) are citizens or permanent residents of the State of Israel, a multiethnic state populated by people of different ethnic backgrounds.
New!!: Abjad and Israelis · See more »
James Evans (linguist)
James Evans (January 18, 1801 – November 23, 1846) was an English-Canadian Methodist missionary and amateur linguist.
New!!: Abjad and James Evans (linguist) · See more »
Japanese language
is an East Asian language spoken by about 128 million people, primarily in Japan, where it is the national language.
New!!: Abjad and Japanese language · See more »
Jewish diaspora
The Jewish diaspora (Hebrew: Tfutza, תְּפוּצָה) or exile (Hebrew: Galut, גָּלוּת; Yiddish: Golus) is the dispersion of Israelites, Judahites and later Jews out of their ancestral homeland (the Land of Israel) and their subsequent settlement in other parts of the globe.
New!!: Abjad and Jewish diaspora · See more »
Kana
are syllabic Japanese scripts, a part of the Japanese writing system contrasted with the logographic Chinese characters known in Japan as kanji (漢字).
New!!: Abjad and Kana · See more »
Kanji
Kanji (漢字) are the adopted logographic Chinese characters that are used in the Japanese writing system.
New!!: Abjad and Kanji · See more »
Kashmiri language
Kashmiri (کأشُر), or Koshur (pronounced kọ̄šur or kạ̄šur) is a language from the Dardic subgroup of Indo-Aryan languages and it is spoken primarily in the Kashmir Valley and Chenab Valley of Jammu and Kashmir.
New!!: Abjad and Kashmiri language · See more »
Latin alphabet
The Latin alphabet or the Roman alphabet is a writing system originally used by the ancient Romans to write the Latin language.
New!!: Abjad and Latin alphabet · See more »
Linear B
Linear B is a syllabic script that was used for writing Mycenaean Greek, the earliest attested form of Greek.
New!!: Abjad and Linear B · See more »
Man'yōgana
is an ancient writing system that employs Chinese characters to represent the Japanese language, and was the first known kana system to be developed as a means to represent the Japanese language phonetically.
New!!: Abjad and Man'yōgana · See more »
Mandaic alphabet
The Mandaic alphabet is thought to have evolved between the 2nd and 7th century CE from either a cursive form of Aramaic (as did Syriac) or from the Parthian chancery script.
New!!: Abjad and Mandaic alphabet · See more »
Mater lectionis
In the spelling of Hebrew and some other Semitic languages, matres lectionis (from Latin "mothers of reading", singular form: mater lectionis, אֵם קְרִיאָה), refers to the use of certain consonants to indicate a vowel.
New!!: Abjad and Mater lectionis · See more »
Modern Standard Arabic
Modern Standard Arabic (MSA; اللغة العربية الفصحى 'the most eloquent Arabic language'), Standard Arabic, or Literary Arabic is the standardized and literary variety of Arabic used in writing and in most formal speech throughout the Arab world to facilitate communication.
New!!: Abjad and Modern Standard Arabic · See more »
Morphology (linguistics)
In linguistics, morphology is the study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language.
New!!: Abjad and Morphology (linguistics) · See more »
Nabataean alphabet
The Nabataean alphabet is a consonantal alphabet (abjad) that was used by the Nabataeans in the 2nd century BC.
New!!: Abjad and Nabataean alphabet · See more »
Niqqud
In Hebrew orthography, niqqud or nikkud is a system of diacritical signs used to represent vowels or distinguish between alternative pronunciations of letters of the Hebrew alphabet.
New!!: Abjad and Niqqud · See more »
Numerology
Numerology is any belief in the divine or mystical relationship between a number and one or more coinciding events.
New!!: Abjad and Numerology · See more »
Old Uyghur alphabet
The Old Uyghur alphabet was used for writing the Old Uyghur language, a variety of Old Turkic spoken in Turfan and Gansu that is an ancestor of the modern Yugur language.
New!!: Abjad and Old Uyghur alphabet · See more »
Pahlavi scripts
Pahlavi or Pahlevi is a particular, exclusively written form of various Middle Iranian languages.
New!!: Abjad and Pahlavi scripts · See more »
Phoenician alphabet
The Phoenician alphabet, called by convention the Proto-Canaanite alphabet for inscriptions older than around 1050 BC, is the oldest verified alphabet.
New!!: Abjad and Phoenician alphabet · See more »
Phonology
Phonology is a branch of linguistics concerned with the systematic organization of sounds in languages.
New!!: Abjad and Phonology · See more »
Pitman shorthand
Pitman shorthand is a system of shorthand for the English language developed by Englishman Sir Isaac Pitman (1813–1897), who first presented it in 1837.
New!!: Abjad and Pitman shorthand · See more »
Proto-Sinaitic script
Proto-Sinaitic, also referred to as Sinaitic, Proto-Canaanite, Old Canaanite, or Canaanite, is a term for both a Middle Bronze Age (Middle Kingdom) script attested in a small corpus of inscriptions found at Serabit el-Khadim in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, and the reconstructed common ancestor of the Paleo-Hebrew, Phoenician and South Arabian scripts (and, by extension, of most historical and modern alphabets).
New!!: Abjad and Proto-Sinaitic script · See more »
Psalter Pahlavi
Psalter Pahlavi is a cursive abjad which was used for writing Middle Persian on paper, it is thus described as one of the Pahlavi scripts.
New!!: Abjad and Psalter Pahlavi · See more »
Punic language
The Punic language, also called Carthaginian or Phoenicio-Punic, is an extinct variety of the Phoenician language, a Canaanite language of the Semitic family.
New!!: Abjad and Punic language · See more »
Samaritan alphabet
The Samaritan alphabet is used by the Samaritans for religious writings, including the Samaritan Pentateuch, writings in Samaritan Hebrew, and for commentaries and translations in Samaritan Aramaic and occasionally Arabic.
New!!: Abjad and Samaritan alphabet · See more »
Sasanian Empire
The Sasanian Empire, also known as the Sassanian, Sasanid, Sassanid or Neo-Persian Empire (known to its inhabitants as Ērānshahr in Middle Persian), was the last period of the Persian Empire (Iran) before the rise of Islam, named after the House of Sasan, which ruled from 224 to 651 AD. The Sasanian Empire, which succeeded the Parthian Empire, was recognised as one of the leading world powers alongside its neighbouring arch-rival the Roman-Byzantine Empire, for a period of more than 400 years.Norman A. Stillman The Jews of Arab Lands pp 22 Jewish Publication Society, 1979 International Congress of Byzantine Studies Proceedings of the 21st International Congress of Byzantine Studies, London, 21–26 August 2006, Volumes 1-3 pp 29. Ashgate Pub Co, 30 sep. 2006 The Sasanian Empire was founded by Ardashir I, after the fall of the Parthian Empire and the defeat of the last Arsacid king, Artabanus V. At its greatest extent, the Sasanian Empire encompassed all of today's Iran, Iraq, Eastern Arabia (Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatif, Qatar, UAE), the Levant (Syria, Palestine, Lebanon, Israel, Jordan), the Caucasus (Armenia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Dagestan), Egypt, large parts of Turkey, much of Central Asia (Afghanistan, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan), Yemen and Pakistan. According to a legend, the vexilloid of the Sasanian Empire was the Derafsh Kaviani.Khaleghi-Motlagh, The Sasanian Empire during Late Antiquity is considered to have been one of Iran's most important and influential historical periods and constituted the last great Iranian empire before the Muslim conquest and the adoption of Islam. In many ways, the Sasanian period witnessed the peak of ancient Iranian civilisation. The Sasanians' cultural influence extended far beyond the empire's territorial borders, reaching as far as Western Europe, Africa, China and India. It played a prominent role in the formation of both European and Asian medieval art. Much of what later became known as Islamic culture in art, architecture, music and other subject matter was transferred from the Sasanians throughout the Muslim world.
New!!: Abjad and Sasanian Empire · See more »
Semitic root
The roots of verbs and most nouns in the Semitic languages are characterized as a sequence of consonants or "radicals" (hence the term consonantal root).
New!!: Abjad and Semitic root · See more »
Shorthand
Shorthand is an abbreviated symbolic writing method that increases speed and brevity of writing as compared to longhand, a more common method of writing a language.
New!!: Abjad and Shorthand · See more »
Sogdian alphabet
The Sogdian alphabet was originally used for the Sogdian language, a language in the Iranian family used by the people of Sogdia.
New!!: Abjad and Sogdian alphabet · See more »
Syllabary
A syllabary is a set of written symbols that represent the syllables or (more frequently) moras which make up words.
New!!: Abjad and Syllabary · See more »
Syriac alphabet
The Syriac alphabet is a writing system primarily used to write the Syriac language since the 1st century AD.
New!!: Abjad and Syriac alphabet · See more »
Syriac Orthodox Church
The Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch (ʿĪṯo Suryoyṯo Trišaṯ Šubḥo; الكنيسة السريانية الأرثوذكسية), or Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East, is an Oriental Orthodox Church with autocephalous patriarchate established in Antioch in 518, tracing its founding to St. Peter and St. Paul in the 1st century, according to its tradition.
New!!: Abjad and Syriac Orthodox Church · See more »
Ugaritic alphabet
The Ugaritic script is a cuneiform abjad used from around either the fifteenth century BCE or 1300 BCE for Ugaritic, an extinct Northwest Semitic language, and discovered in Ugarit (modern Ras Shamra), Syria, in 1928.
New!!: Abjad and Ugaritic alphabet · See more »
Vowel
A vowel is one of the two principal classes of speech sound, the other being a consonant.
New!!: Abjad and Vowel · See more »
Waw (letter)
Waw/Vav ("hook") is the sixth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician wāw, Aramaic waw, Hebrew vav, Syriac waw ܘ and Arabic wāw و (sixth in abjadi order; 27th in modern Arabic order).
New!!: Abjad and Waw (letter) · See more »
West Semitic languages
The West Semitic languages are a proposed major sub-grouping of ancient Semitic languages.
New!!: Abjad and West Semitic languages · See more »
Writing system
A writing system is any conventional method of visually representing verbal communication.
New!!: Abjad and Writing system · See more »
Yodh
Yodh (also spelled yud, yod, jod, or jodh) is the tenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Yōd, Hebrew Yōd, Aramaic Yodh, Syriac Yōḏ ܚ, and Arabic ي (in abjadi order, 28th in modern order).
New!!: Abjad and Yodh · See more »
Redirects here:
ABJD, Abgad, Abjadi, Abjadic, Abjads, Consonantal alphabet, Consonantary, Impure Abjad, Impure abjad, Impure abjads, Semitic abjads.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abjad
