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92 relations: Alans, Ali ibn al-Athir, Alp Arslan, Amberd, Ani, Anushirvan ibn Lashkari, Aras (river), Armenia, Arran (Caucasus), Ashot ibn Shavur, Ashot IV, August Friedrich Gfrörer, Azerbaijan, Şəmkir, Bagratid Armenia, Barda, Azerbaijan, Battle of Kapetron, Bay'ah, Byzantine Empire, Church of Caucasian Albania, Constantine IX Monomachos, Darial Gorge, David I Anhoghin, Daylamites, Demetrius I of Georgia, Dirham, Dvin (ancient city), Emirate of Tbilisi, Fadl ibn Muhammad, Fadl ibn Shavur, Fadlun ibn Fadl, Fariburz I, Gagik I of Armenia, Gagik II of Armenia, Ganja, Azerbaijan, Gelati Monastery, Georgia (country), Ghulam, Gold dinar, Golden bull, Hajib, Hovhannes-Smbat III of Armenia, Ibrahim Inal, Jihad, John Skylitzes, Katakalon Kekaumenos, Keikavus, Khor Virap, Kingdom of Artsakh, Kingdom of Georgia, ..., Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget, Kunya (Arabic), Kurds, Lashkari ibn Muhammad, Lashkari ibn Musa, Leo Tornikios, Magister officiorum, Manuchihr ibn Shavur, Marzuban ibn Muhammad ibn Shaddad, Matthew of Edessa, Mawdud of Ghazni, Münejjim Bashi, Medieval Armenia, Michael IV the Paphlagonian, Mirrors for princes, Muhammad ibn Shaddad, National Museum of History of Azerbaijan, Ottoman Turks, Parakoimomenos, Principality of Khachen, Qabus-Nama, Qutalmish, Rhaiktor, Sallar of Shirvan, Seljuk Empire, Seljuq dynasty, Shaddadids, Shaki, Azerbaijan, Shamakhi, Shapur (name), Shirvan, Shirvanshah, Surmalinsky Uyezd, Syunik Province, Transcaucasia, Tughril, Turkey, Vardan Areveltsi, Vassal, Vizier, Yerevan, Ziyarid dynasty. Expand index (42 more) »
Alans
The Alans (or Alani) were an Iranian nomadic pastoral people of antiquity.
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Ali ibn al-Athir
Abu al-Hassan Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ash-Shaybani, better known as Ali 'Izz al-Din Ibn al-Athir al-Jazari (Arabic: علي عز الدین بن الاثیر الجزري) (1233–1160) was an Arab or Kurdish historian and biographer who wrote in Arabic and was from the Ibn Athir family.
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Alp Arslan
Alp Arslan (honorific in Turkish meaning "Heroic Lion"; in آلپ ارسلان; full name: Diya ad-Dunya wa ad-Din Adud ad-Dawlah Abu Shuja Muhammad Alp Arslan ibn Dawud ابو شجاع محمد آلپ ارسلان ابن داود; 20 January 1029 – 15 December 1072), real name Muhammad bin Dawud Chaghri, was the second Sultan of the Seljuk Empire and great-grandson of Seljuk, the eponymous founder of the dynasty.
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Amberd
Amberd (Ամբերդ) is a 7th-century fortress located above sea level, on the slopes of Mount Aragats at the confluence of the Arkashen and Amberd rivers in the province of Aragatsotn, Armenia.
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Ani
Ani (Անի; Ἄνιον, Ánion; Abnicum; ანი, Ani, or ანისი, Anisi; Ani) is a ruined medieval Armenian city now situated in Turkey's province of Kars, next to the closed border with Armenia.
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Anushirvan ibn Lashkari
Anushirvan ibn Lashkari was the son and successor of Lashkari ibn Musa and briefly the seventh emir of the Shaddadids at Ganja in 1049.
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Aras (river)
The Aras or Araxes is a river flowing through Turkey, Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Iran.
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Armenia
Armenia (translit), officially the Republic of Armenia (translit), is a country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia.
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Arran (Caucasus)
Arran (Middle Persian form), also known as Aran, Ardhan (in Parthian), Al-Ran (in Arabic), Aghvank and Alvank (in Armenian), (რანი-Ran-i) or Caucasian Albania (in Latin), was a geographical name used in ancient and medieval times to signify the territory which lies within the triangle of land, lowland in the east and mountainous in the west, formed by the junction of Kura and Aras rivers, including the highland and lowland Karabakh, Mil plain and parts of the Mughan plain, and in the pre-Islamic times, corresponded roughly to the territory of modern-day Republic of Azerbaijan.
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Ashot ibn Shavur
Ashot ibn Abu'l-Aswar Shavur ibn Fadl was a Shaddadid prince, the second son of Abu'l-Aswar Shavur ibn Fadl.
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Ashot IV
Ashot IV (Աշոտ Դ, died c. 1040-41), surnamed Kaj, i.e. "the Brave, the Valiant", was the younger son of King Gagik I of Armenia.
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August Friedrich Gfrörer
August Friedrich Gfrörer (5 March 18036 July 1861) was a German historian.
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Azerbaijan
No description.
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Şəmkir
Şəmkir is a city in and the capital of Shamkir District in western Azerbaijan, located in the northern foothills of the Lesser Caucasus, on the coast of the Chagirchay River on Tbilisi-Yevlakh highway, about from Dallar railway station.
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Bagratid Armenia
The Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia, also known as Bagratid Armenia (Բագրատունյաց Հայաստան Bagratunyats Hayastan or Բագրատունիների թագավորություն, Bagratunineri t’agavorut’yun, "kingdom of the Bagratunis"), was an independent state established by Ashot I Bagratuni in the early 880s following nearly two centuries of foreign domination of Greater Armenia under Arab Umayyad and Abbasid rule.
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Barda, Azerbaijan
Barda (Bərdə) is the capital city of the Barda Rayon in Azerbaijan, located south of Yevlax and on the left bank of the Tartar river.
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Battle of Kapetron
The Battle of Kapetron or Kapetrou (Pasinler Savaşı) was fought between the Byzantine-Georgian armies and the Seljuq Turks on September 10 or September 18, 1048.
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Bay'ah
Bayʿah (بَيْعَة, Pledge of allegiance"), in Islamic terminology, is an oath of allegiance to a leader.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium).
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Church of Caucasian Albania
The Albanian Apostolic Church or the Church of Caucasian Albania was an ancient briefly independent autocephalous Igor Kuznetsov.
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Constantine IX Monomachos
Constantine IX Monomachos, Latinized as Constantine IX Monomachus (translit; c. 1000 – 11 January 1055), reigned as Byzantine emperor from June 11, 1042 to January 11, 1055.
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Darial Gorge
The Darial Gorge (დარიალის ხეობა, Darialis Kheoba; Дарьяльское ущелье; Арвыком, Arvykom; Башлоам-Чу) is a river gorge on the border between Russia and Georgia.
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David I Anhoghin
David I Anhoghin (Դավիթ Անհողին) succeeded his father to the throne of the Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget.
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Daylamites
The Daylamites or Dailamites (Middle Persian: Daylamīgān; دیلمیان Deylamiyān) were an Iranian people inhabiting the Daylam—the mountainous regions of northern Iran on the southern shore of the Caspian Sea.
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Demetrius I of Georgia
Demetrius I (დემეტრე I) (1093 – 1156), from the Bagrationi dynasty, was King of Georgia from 1125 to 1156.
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Dirham
Dirham, dirhem or dirhm (درهم) was and, in some cases, still is a unit of currency in several Arab states.
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Dvin (ancient city)
Dvin (label, reformed; Δούβιος, or Τίβιον,;; also Duin or Dwin in ancient sources) was a large commercial city and the capital of early medieval Armenia.
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Emirate of Tbilisi
The Emirs of Tbilisi (თბილისის საამირო, إمارة تفليسي) ruled over the parts of today’s eastern Georgia from their base in the city of Tbilisi, from 736 to 1080 (nominally to 1122).
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Fadl ibn Muhammad
Al-Fadhl ibn Muhammad al-Shaddadi (also al-Fadl ibn Muhammad, Fadl ibn Muhammad, Fadlun ibn Muhammad, Fadhlun ibn Muhammad, or Fadl I was the Shaddadid emir of Arran from 985 to 1031. Of Kurdish origin, al-Fadhl was called "Fadhlun the Kurd" by ibn al-Athir and other Arabic historians. Al-Fadhl was the first Shaddadid emir to issue coinage, locating his mint first at Partav (Barda'a) and was later transferred to Ganja. Built a bridge across the Araxes with the intent to raid the Rawadids.C.E. Bosworth, "Shaddadids", The Encyclopedia of Islam, Vol.IX, Ed. C.E.Bosworth, E. van Donzel, W.P.Heinrichs and G.Lecomte, (Brill, 1997), 169. According to ibn al-Athir, al-Fadhl led an expedition against the Khazars around 1030. The Khazars reportedly killed 10,000 of his soldiers. Since the Khazar Khaganate had been destroyed in 969, it is unclear whether these Khazars were from a successor state or kingdom located in the Caucasus, were subjects of a Kipchak or Pecheneg ruler, or whether ibn al-Athir was mistaken or was using "Khazars" as a generic term for steppe people. Al-Fadhl died in 1031 and was succeeded by his son Abu'l-Fath Musa.
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Fadl ibn Shavur
Al-Fadl ibn Shavur or Fadl II was the ninth ruler of the Shaddadids, from 1067 to 1073.
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Fadlun ibn Fadl
Fadlun ibn Fadl, or Fadl III was the last Shaddadid ruler of Arran from Ganja, which is in present-day Azerbaijan.
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Fariburz I
Fariburz ibn Sallar (فریبرز بن سالار), better simply known as Fariburz I (فریبرز), was the sixteenth Shah of Shirvan, ruling from 1063 to 1096.
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Gagik I of Armenia
Gagik I (Գագիկ Ա) was the king of Armenia who reigned between 989 and c. 1017/20, under whom Bagratid Armenia reached its height, and "enjoyed the accustomed experience of unbroken peace and prosperity.".
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Gagik II of Armenia
Gagik II (Գագիկ Բ; c. 1025 - May 5/November 24, 1079) was the last Armenian king of Bagratuni dynasty.
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Ganja, Azerbaijan
Ganja (Gəncə) is Azerbaijan's second largest city, with a population of around 331,400.
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Gelati Monastery
Gelati (გელათის მონასტერი) is a medieval monastic complex near Kutaisi, in the Imereti region of western Georgia.
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Georgia (country)
Georgia (tr) is a country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia.
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Ghulam
Ghulam (غلام.) is an Arabic word meaning servant, boy, youth.
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Gold dinar
The gold dinar (ﺩﻳﻨﺎﺭ ذهبي) is an Islamic medieval gold coin first issued in AH 77 (696–697 CE) by Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan.
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Golden bull
A golden bull or chrysobull was a decree issued by Byzantine Emperors and later by monarchs in Europe during the Middle Ages and Renaissance, most notably by the Holy Roman Emperors.
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Hajib
A hajib or hadjib (الحاجب., tr. al-ḥājib) was a court official, equivalent to a chamberlain, in the early Muslim world, which evolved to fulfil various functions, often serving as chief ministers or enjoying dictatorial powers.
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Hovhannes-Smbat III of Armenia
Hovhannes-Smbat III was King of Ani (1020–1040).
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Ibrahim Inal
Ibrahim Inal (died 1060) was a Seljuk warlord, and a uterine brother of the sultan Tughril.
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Jihad
Jihad (جهاد) is an Arabic word which literally means striving or struggling, especially with a praiseworthy aim.
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John Skylitzes
John Skylitzes, Latinized as Ioannes Scylitzes (Ἰωάννης Σκυλίτζης, also Σκυλλίτζης/Σκυλίτσης, Iōannēs Skylitzēs/Skyllitzēs/Skylitsēs; early 1040s – after 1101), was a Greek historian of the late 11th century.
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Katakalon Kekaumenos
Katakalon Kekaumenos (Κατακαλὼν Κεκαυμένος) was a prominent Byzantine general of the mid-11th century.
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Keikavus
Keikavus (كيكاوس) was the ruler of the Ziyarid dynasty from ca.
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Khor Virap
The Khor Virap (Խոր Վիրապ, meaning "deep dungeon") is an Armenian monastery located in the Ararat plain in Armenia, near the closed border with Turkey, about south of Artashat, Ararat Province, within the territory of ancient Artaxata.
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Kingdom of Artsakh
The Kingdom of Artsakh (Արցախի թագավորություն), was a medieval dependent Armenian kingdom on the territory of Syunik, Artsakh (present-day Nagorno-Karabakh), Gardman and Gegharkunik.
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Kingdom of Georgia
The Kingdom of Georgia (საქართველოს სამეფო), also known as the Georgian Empire, was a medieval Eurasian monarchy which emerged circa 1008 AD.
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Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget
Kingdom of Tashir-Dzoraget (Տաշիր-Ձորագետի Թագավորություն Tashir-Dzorageti t'agavorut'yun), alternatively known as the Kingdom of Lori or Kiurikian Kingdom, was a medieval Armenian kingdom formed in the year 979 by the Kiurikian dynasty under the protectorate of the Bagratid kings of Armenia.
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Kunya (Arabic)
A kunya (كنية, kunyah) is a teknonym in Arabic names, the name of an adult derived from his or her eldest child.
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Kurds
The Kurds (rtl, Kurd) or the Kurdish people (rtl, Gelî kurd), are an ethnic group in the Middle East, mostly inhabiting a contiguous area spanning adjacent parts of southeastern Turkey (Northern Kurdistan), northwestern Iran (Eastern Kurdistan), northern Iraq (Southern Kurdistan), and northern Syria (Western Kurdistan).
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Lashkari ibn Muhammad
Lashkari ibn Muhammad ibn Shaddad was a Kurdish ruler, the son of Muhammad ibn Shaddad.
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Lashkari ibn Musa
Lashkari Ali ibn Musa ibn Fadl ibn Muhammad ibn Shaddad was the sixth Shaddadid emir, after murdering his father Musa.
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Leo Tornikios
Leo Tornikios (Λέων Τορνίκιος) was a mid-11th century Byzantine general and noble.
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Magister officiorum
The magister officiorum (Latin literally for "Master of Offices", in μάγιστρος τῶν ὀφφικίων, magistros tōn offikiōn) was one of the most senior administrative officials in the late Roman Empire and the early centuries of the Byzantine Empire.
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Manuchihr ibn Shavur
Manuchihr ibn Shavur was a Shaddadid emir of Ani from 1072 to 1118, the first of the dynasty to rule this key city, formerly an Armenian royal capital.
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Marzuban ibn Muhammad ibn Shaddad
Marzuban ibn Muhammad ibn Shaddad was a Kurdish ruler, the brother of Lashkari ibn Muhammad.
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Matthew of Edessa
Matthew of Edessa (Matteos Uṛhayetsi; born in the second half of the 11th century – 1144) was an Armenian historian in the 12th century from the city of Edessa (Uṛha).
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Mawdud of Ghazni
Shahāb-ud-Dawla Mawdūd (شهابالدوله مودود; died 1050), known as Mawdud of Ghazni (مودود غزنوی), was a sultan of the Ghaznavids from 1041-50.
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Münejjim Bashi
Ahmed Lütfullah (early 17th century – 27 February 1702), better known by his court title of Münejjim Bashi (Müneccimbaşı; "Chief Astrologer"), was an Ottoman courtier, scholar, Sufi poet and historian.
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Medieval Armenia
Western Armenia had been under Byzantine control since the partition of the Kingdom of Armenia in AD 387, while Eastern Armenia had been under the occupation of the Sassanid Empire starting 428.
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Michael IV the Paphlagonian
Michael IV the Paphlagonian (Μιχαὴλ (Δ´) ὁ Παφλαγών, Mikhaēl ho Paphlagōn; 1010 – 10 December 1041) was Byzantine Emperor from 11 April 1034 to his death on 10 December 1041.
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Mirrors for princes
Mirrors for princes (specula principum or rather, principum specula), or mirrors of princes, form a literary genre – in the loose sense of the word – of political writing during the Early Middle Ages, Middle Ages and the Renaissance, and are part of the broader speculum or mirror literature genre.
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Muhammad ibn Shaddad
Muhammad bin Shaddad was a Kurdish adventurer, the founder and first ruler of the Shaddadid dynasty.
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National Museum of History of Azerbaijan
The National Museum of History of Azerbaijan (Milli Azərbaycan Tarixi Muzeyi) is the largest museum in Azerbaijan, located in Baku, in the former mansion of Azerbaijani oil magnate and philanthropist Haji Zeynalabdin Taghiyev.
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Ottoman Turks
The Ottoman Turks (or Osmanlı Turks, Osmanlı Türkleri) were the Turkish-speaking population of the Ottoman Empire who formed the base of the state's military and ruling classes.
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Parakoimomenos
The parakoimōmenos (παρακοιμώμενος, literally "the one who sleeps beside ") was a Byzantine court position, usually reserved for eunuchs.
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Principality of Khachen
The Principality of Khachen (Խաչենի իշխանություն) was a medieval Armenian principality on the territory of historical Artsakh (present-day Nagorno-Karabakh).
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Qabus-Nama
Qabus nama or Qabus nameh (variations: Qabusnamah, Qabousnameh, Ghabousnameh, or Ghaboosnameh, in Persian: کاووس نامه یا قابوس نامه, book of Kavus), Mirror of Princes, is a major work of Persian literature, from the eleventh century (c. 1080 AD).
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Qutalmish
Qutalmish (قُتَلمِش, قتلمش) (alternative spellings: Qutulmush, Kutalmish, Kutalmış) was a Turkic prince who was a member of Seljukid house in the 11th century.
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Rhaiktor
The rhaiktōr (ῥαίκτωρ, the hellenized form of Latin rector) was a high-ranking court position of the middle Byzantine Empire.
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Sallar of Shirvan
Sallar was the fifteenth Shah of Shirvan.
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Seljuk Empire
The Seljuk Empire (also spelled Seljuq) (آل سلجوق) was a medieval Turko-Persian Sunni Muslim empire, originating from the Qiniq branch of Oghuz Turks.
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Seljuq dynasty
The Seljuq dynasty, or Seljuqs (آل سلجوق Al-e Saljuq), was an Oghuz Turk Sunni Muslim dynasty that gradually became a Persianate society and contributed to the Turco-Persian tradition in the medieval West and Central Asia.
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Shaddadids
The Shaddadids were a Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin who ruled in various parts of Armenia and Arran from 951 to 1174 AD.
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Shaki, Azerbaijan
Shaki (Şəki; until 1968 Nukha, Azerbaijani: Nuxa) is a city in northwestern Azerbaijan, in the rayon of the same name.
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Shamakhi
Shamakhi (also spelled Şamaxı) is the capital of the Shamakhi Rayon of Azerbaijan.
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Shapur (name)
Shāpūr (شاپور, meaning son of the king) or Sapor is a Persian male given name.
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Shirvan
Shirvan (from translit; Şirvan; Tat: Şirvan), also spelled as Sharvān, Shirwan, Shervan, Sherwan and Šervān, is a historical region in the eastern Caucasus, known by this name in both Islamic and modern times.
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Shirvanshah
Shirvanshah (شروانشاه, Şirvanşah), also spelled as Shīrwān Shāh or Sharwān Shāh, was the title of the rulers of Shirvan, located in modern Azerbaijan, from the mid-9th century to the early 16th century.
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Surmalinsky Uyezd
The Surmalinsky Uyezd (Сурмалинский уезд) or Surmali (Սուրմալու Surmalu; Sürməli; Sûrmelî; Сурмали) was a county of the Erivan Governorate of the Caucasus Viceroyalty of the Russian Empire.
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Syunik Province
Syunik (Սյունիք), is the southernmost province of Armenia.
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Transcaucasia
Transcaucasia (Закавказье), or the South Caucasus, is a geographical region in the vicinity of the southern Caucasus Mountains on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
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Tughril
Tughril Beg (full name: Rukn al-Dunya wa al-Din Abu Talib Muhammad Toghrul-Beg ibn Mikail) also spelled Toghrul I, Tugril, Toghril, Tugrul or Toghrïl Beg; (Tuğrul) (990 – September 4, 1063) was the Turkic founder of the Seljuk Empire, ruling from 1037 to 1063.
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Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Vardan Areveltsi
Vardan Areveltsi (Վարդան Արևելցի; Vardan the Easterner, circa 1198 – 1271 AD) was a thirteenth-century Armenian historian, geographer, philosopher and translator.
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Vassal
A vassal is a person regarded as having a mutual obligation to a lord or monarch, in the context of the feudal system in medieval Europe.
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Vizier
A vizier (rarely; وزير wazīr; وازیر vazīr; vezir; Chinese: 宰相 zǎixiàng; উজির ujira; Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu): वज़ीर or وزیر vazeer; Punjabi: ਵਜ਼ੀਰ or وزير vazīra, sometimes spelt vazir, vizir, vasir, wazir, vesir or vezir) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister.
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Yerevan
Yerevan (Երևան, sometimes spelled Erevan) is the capital and largest city of Armenia as well as one of the world's oldest continuously inhabited cities.
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Ziyarid dynasty
The Ziyarid dynasty (زیاریان) was an Iranian dynasty of Gilaki origin that ruled Tabaristan from 930 to 1090.
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Redirects here:
Abu'l-Asvar Shavur I, Abu'l-Aswar, Abu-l-Aswar Shavur I bin al-Fadl I, Aplesphares.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abu'l-Aswar_Shavur_ibn_Fadl
