Table of Contents
147 relations: Acetylcholine, Addison's disease, Adenosine triphosphate, Adenylyl cyclase, Adipose tissue, Adrenal cortex, Adrenal gland, Adrenal medulla, Adrenalectomy, Adrenergic receptor, Adrenocorticotropic hormone, Agonist, Allergy, Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor, Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor, American Physiological Society, Amine, Amino acid, Anaphylaxis, Ancient Greek, Anxiety, Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase, Arrhythmia, Arteriole, Asthma, Beta blocker, Beta-1 adrenergic receptor, Beta-2 adrenergic receptor, Beta-3 adrenergic receptor, Blood plasma, Blood sugar level, Brain, Breastfeeding, British Approved Name, Calcium, Calmodulin, Capnography, Cardiac arrest, Cardiac output, Catechol-O-methyltransferase, Catecholamine, Central nervous system, Chromaffin cell, Cortisol, Croup, Cyclic adenosine monophosphate, Cytosol, Disease, Dopamine, Dopamine beta-hydroxylase, ... Expand index (97 more) »
- Alpha-adrenergic agonists
- Beta-adrenergic agonists
- Bronchodilators
- Carbonic anhydrase activators
- Cardiac stimulants
- Catecholamines
- Chemical substances for emergency medicine
- Hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis
- Hormones of the suprarenal medulla
- Norepinephrine releasing agents
- Stress (biology)
- Stress hormones
- Sympathomimetic amines
Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic compound that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals (including humans) as a neurotransmitter. Adrenaline and Acetylcholine are neurotransmitters.
See Adrenaline and Acetylcholine
Addison's disease
Addison's disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, is a rare long-term endocrine disorder characterized by inadequate production of the steroid hormones cortisol and aldosterone by the two outer layers of the cells of the adrenal glands (adrenal cortex), causing adrenal insufficiency.
See Adrenaline and Addison's disease
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide that provides energy to drive and support many processes in living cells, such as muscle contraction, nerve impulse propagation, and chemical synthesis. Adrenaline and Adenosine triphosphate are neurotransmitters.
See Adrenaline and Adenosine triphosphate
Adenylyl cyclase
Adenylate cyclase (EC 4.6.1.1, also commonly known as adenyl cyclase and adenylyl cyclase, abbreviated AC) is an enzyme with systematic name ATP diphosphate-lyase (cyclizing; 3′,5′-cyclic-AMP-forming).
See Adrenaline and Adenylyl cyclase
Adipose tissue
Adipose tissue (also known as body fat or simply fat) is a loose connective tissue composed mostly of adipocytes.
See Adrenaline and Adipose tissue
Adrenal cortex
The adrenal cortex is the outer region and also the largest part of the adrenal gland.
See Adrenaline and Adrenal cortex
Adrenal gland
The adrenal glands (also known as suprarenal glands) are endocrine glands that produce a variety of hormones including adrenaline and the steroids aldosterone and cortisol.
See Adrenaline and Adrenal gland
Adrenal medulla
The adrenal medulla (medulla glandulae suprarenalis) is the inner part of the adrenal gland.
See Adrenaline and Adrenal medulla
Adrenalectomy
Adrenalectomy (Latin root Ad "near/at" + renal "related to the kidneys" + Greek ‑ectomy “out-cutting”; sometimes written as ADX for the procedure or resulting state) is the surgical removal of one (unilateral) or both (bilateral) adrenal glands.
See Adrenaline and Adrenalectomy
Adrenergic receptor
The adrenergic receptors or adrenoceptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of many catecholamines like norepinephrine (noradrenaline) and epinephrine (adrenaline) produced by the body, but also many medications like beta blockers, beta-2 (β2) agonists and alpha-2 (α2) agonists, which are used to treat high blood pressure and asthma, for example.
See Adrenaline and Adrenergic receptor
Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH; also adrenocorticotropin, corticotropin) is a polypeptide tropic hormone produced by and secreted by the anterior pituitary gland.
See Adrenaline and Adrenocorticotropic hormone
Agonist
An agonist is a chemical that activates a receptor to produce a biological response.
Allergy
Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are various conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment.
Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor
alpha-1 (α1) adrenergic receptors are G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) associated with the Gq heterotrimeric G protein.
See Adrenaline and Alpha-1 adrenergic receptor
Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor
The alpha-2 (α2) adrenergic receptor (or adrenoceptor) is a G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) associated with the Gi heterotrimeric G-protein.
See Adrenaline and Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor
American Physiological Society
The American Physiological Society is a non-profit professional society for physiologists.
See Adrenaline and American Physiological Society
Amine
In chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.
Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups.
Anaphylaxis
Anaphylaxis (Greek: ana- ‘against’ + phylaxis ‘guarding’) is a serious, potentially fatal allergic reaction and medical emergency that is rapid in onset and requires immediate medical attention regardless of the use of emergency medication on site.
See Adrenaline and Anaphylaxis
Ancient Greek
Ancient Greek (Ἑλληνῐκή) includes the forms of the Greek language used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around 1500 BC to 300 BC.
See Adrenaline and Ancient Greek
Anxiety
Anxiety is an emotion which is characterised by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil and includes feelings of dread over anticipated events.
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase (AADC or AAAD), also known as DOPA decarboxylase (DDC), tryptophan decarboxylase, and 5-hydroxytryptophan decarboxylase, is a lyase enzyme, located in region 7p12.2-p12.1.
See Adrenaline and Aromatic L-amino acid decarboxylase
Arrhythmia
Arrhythmias, also known as cardiac arrhythmias, are irregularities in the heartbeat, including when it is too fast or too slow.
Arteriole
An arteriole is a small-diameter blood vessel in the microcirculation that extends and branches out from an artery and leads to capillaries.
Asthma
Asthma is a long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs.
Beta blocker
Beta blockers, also spelled β-blockers, are a class of medications that are predominantly used to manage abnormal heart rhythms (arrhythmia), and to protect the heart from a second heart attack after a first heart attack (secondary prevention).
See Adrenaline and Beta blocker
Beta-1 adrenergic receptor
The beta-1 adrenergic receptor (β1 adrenoceptor), also known as ADRB1, can refer to either the protein-encoding gene (gene ADRB1) or one of the four adrenergic receptors.
See Adrenaline and Beta-1 adrenergic receptor
Beta-2 adrenergic receptor
The beta-2 adrenergic receptor (β2 adrenoreceptor), also known as ADRB2, is a cell membrane-spanning beta-adrenergic receptor that binds epinephrine (adrenaline), a hormone and neurotransmitter whose signaling, via adenylate cyclase stimulation through trimeric Gs proteins, increases cAMP, and, via downstream L-type calcium channel interaction, mediates physiologic responses such as smooth muscle relaxation and bronchodilation.
See Adrenaline and Beta-2 adrenergic receptor
Beta-3 adrenergic receptor
The beta-3 adrenergic receptor (β3-adrenoceptor), also known as ADRB3, is a beta-adrenergic receptor, and also denotes the human gene encoding it.
See Adrenaline and Beta-3 adrenergic receptor
Blood plasma
Blood plasma is a light amber-colored liquid component of blood in which blood cells are absent, but which contains proteins and other constituents of whole blood in suspension.
See Adrenaline and Blood plasma
Blood sugar level
The blood sugar level, blood sugar concentration, blood glucose level, or glycemia is the measure of glucose concentrated in the blood.
See Adrenaline and Blood sugar level
Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.
Breastfeeding
Breastfeeding, variously known as chestfeeding or nursing, is the process where breast milk is fed to a child.
See Adrenaline and Breastfeeding
British Approved Name
A British Approved Name (BAN) is the official, non-proprietary, or generic name given to a pharmaceutical substance, as defined in the British Pharmacopoeia (BP).
See Adrenaline and British Approved Name
Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element; it has symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
Calmodulin
Calmodulin (CaM) (an abbreviation for calcium-modulated protein) is a multifunctional intermediate calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells.
Capnography
Capnography is the monitoring of the concentration or partial pressure of carbon dioxide in the respiratory gases.
See Adrenaline and Capnography
Cardiac arrest
Cardiac arrest, also known as sudden cardiac arrest, is when the heart suddenly and unexpectedly stops beating.
See Adrenaline and Cardiac arrest
Cardiac output
In cardiac physiology, cardiac output (CO), also known as heart output and often denoted by the symbols Q, \dot Q, or \dot Q_, edited by Catherine E. Williamson, Phillip Bennett is the volumetric flow rate of the heart's pumping output: that is, the volume of blood being pumped by a single ventricle of the heart, per unit time (usually measured per minute).
See Adrenaline and Cardiac output
Catechol-O-methyltransferase
Catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) is one of several enzymes that degrade catecholamines (neurotransmitters such as dopamine, epinephrine, and norepinephrine), catecholestrogens, and various drugs and substances having a catechol structure.
See Adrenaline and Catechol-O-methyltransferase
Catecholamine
A catecholamine (abbreviated CA) is a monoamine neurotransmitter, an organic compound that has a catechol (benzene with two hydroxyl side groups next to each other) and a side-chain amine. Adrenaline and catecholamine are catecholamines, neurotransmitters and stress hormones.
See Adrenaline and Catecholamine
Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting primarily of the brain and spinal cord.
See Adrenaline and Central nervous system
Chromaffin cell
Chromaffin cells, also called pheochromocytes (or phaeochromocytes), are neuroendocrine cells found mostly in the medulla of the adrenal glands in mammals.
See Adrenaline and Chromaffin cell
Cortisol
Cortisol is a steroid hormone in the glucocorticoid class of hormones and a stress hormone. Adrenaline and Cortisol are Anxiety, stress (biology) and stress hormones.
Croup
Croup, also known as laryngotracheobronchitis, is a type of respiratory infection that is usually caused by a virus.
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP, cyclic AMP, or 3',5'-cyclic adenosine monophosphate) is a second messenger, or cellular signal occurring within cells, that is important in many biological processes.
See Adrenaline and Cyclic adenosine monophosphate
Cytosol
The cytosol, also known as cytoplasmic matrix or groundplasm, is one of the liquids found inside cells (intracellular fluid (ICF)).
Disease
A disease is a particular abnormal condition that adversely affects the structure or function of all or part of an organism and is not immediately due to any external injury.
Dopamine
Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is a neuromodulatory molecule that plays several important roles in cells. Adrenaline and Dopamine are cardiac stimulants, catecholamines and neurotransmitters.
Dopamine beta-hydroxylase
Dopamine beta-hydroxylase (DBH), also known as dopamine beta-monooxygenase, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the DBH gene.
See Adrenaline and Dopamine beta-hydroxylase
Downregulation and upregulation
In biochemistry, in the biological context of organisms' regulation of gene expression and production of gene products, downregulation is the process by which a cell decreases the production and quantities of its cellular components, such as RNA and proteins, in response to an external stimulus.
See Adrenaline and Downregulation and upregulation
Endocrine system
The endocrine system is a messenger system in an organism comprising feedback loops of hormones that are released by internal glands directly into the circulatory system and that target and regulate distant organs.
See Adrenaline and Endocrine system
Epinephrine (medication)
Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is a medication and hormone. Adrenaline and Epinephrine (medication) are chemical substances for emergency medicine.
See Adrenaline and Epinephrine (medication)
Essential tremor
Essential tremor (ET), also called benign tremor, familial tremor, and idiopathic tremor, is a medical condition characterized by involuntary rhythmic contractions and relaxations (oscillations or twitching movements) of certain muscle groups in one or more body parts of unknown cause.
See Adrenaline and Essential tremor
European Pharmacopoeia
The European Pharmacopoeia (Pharmacopoeia Europaea, Ph. Eur.) is a major regional pharmacopoeia which provides common quality standards throughout the pharmaceutical industry in Europe to control the quality of medicines, and the substances used to manufacture them.
See Adrenaline and European Pharmacopoeia
Exocytosis
Exocytosis is a form of active transport and bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (e.g., neurotransmitters and proteins) out of the cell (exo- + cytosis).
Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated.
Fight-or-flight response
The fight-or-flight or the fight-flight-freeze-or-fawn (also called hyperarousal or the acute stress response) is a physiological reaction that occurs in response to a perceived harmful event, attack, or threat to survival.
See Adrenaline and Fight-or-flight response
Friedrich Stolz
Friedrich Stolz (6 April 1860 – 2 April 1936) was a German chemist and, in 1904, the first person to artificially synthesize epinephrine (adrenaline).
See Adrenaline and Friedrich Stolz
Glucagon
Glucagon is a peptide hormone, produced by alpha cells of the pancreas.
Glucose
Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula.
Glycogen
Glycogen is a multibranched polysaccharide of glucose that serves as a form of energy storage in animals, fungi, and bacteria.
Glycogen phosphorylase
Glycogen phosphorylase is one of the phosphorylase enzymes.
See Adrenaline and Glycogen phosphorylase
Glycogenesis
Glycogenesis is the process of glycogen synthesis, in which glucose molecules are added to chains of glycogen for storage.
See Adrenaline and Glycogenesis
Glycogenolysis
Glycogenolysis is the breakdown of glycogen (n) to glucose-1-phosphate and glycogen (n-1).
See Adrenaline and Glycogenolysis
Glycolysis
Glycolysis is the metabolic pathway that converts glucose into pyruvate and, in most organisms, occurs in the liquid part of cells (the cytosol).
Gs alpha subunit
The Gs alpha subunit (Gαs, Gsα) is a subunit of the heterotrimeric G protein Gs that stimulates the cAMP-dependent pathway by activating adenylyl cyclase.
See Adrenaline and Gs alpha subunit
Heart
The heart is a muscular organ found in most animals.
Henry Drysdale Dakin
Henry Drysdale Dakin FRS (12 March 188010 February 1952) was an English chemist.
See Adrenaline and Henry Drysdale Dakin
Hepatocyte
A hepatocyte is a cell of the main parenchymal tissue of the liver.
Heterotrimeric G protein
Heterotrimeric G protein, also sometimes referred to as the "large" G proteins (as opposed to the subclass of smaller, monomeric small GTPases) are membrane-associated G proteins that form a heterotrimeric complex.
See Adrenaline and Heterotrimeric G protein
Hormone
A hormone (from the Greek participle ὁρμῶν, "setting in motion") is a class of signaling molecules in multicellular organisms that are sent to distant organs or tissues by complex biological processes to regulate physiology and behavior.
Hypoglycemia
Hypoglycemia, also called low blood sugar, is a fall in blood sugar to levels below normal, typically below 70 mg/dL (3.9 mmol/L).
See Adrenaline and Hypoglycemia
Inositol trisphosphate
Inositol trisphosphate or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate abbreviated InsP3 or Ins3P or IP3 is an inositol phosphate signaling molecule.
See Adrenaline and Inositol trisphosphate
Inotrope
An inotrope or inotropic is a drug or any substance that alters the force or energy of muscular contractions. Negatively inotropic agents weaken the force of muscular contractions. Positively inotropic agents increase the strength of muscular contraction. The term inotropic state is most commonly used in reference to various drugs that affect the strength of contraction of heart muscle.
Insulin
Insulin (from Latin insula, 'island') is a peptide hormone produced by beta cells of the pancreatic islets encoded in humans by the insulin (INS) gene.
International nonproprietary name
An international nonproprietary name (INN) is an official generic and nonproprietary name given to a pharmaceutical drug or an active ingredient.
See Adrenaline and International nonproprietary name
Intramuscular injection
Intramuscular injection, often abbreviated IM, is the injection of a substance into a muscle.
See Adrenaline and Intramuscular injection
Intravenous therapy
Intravenous therapy (abbreviated as IV therapy) is a medical technique that administers fluids, medications and nutrients directly into a person's vein.
See Adrenaline and Intravenous therapy
John Jacob Abel
John Jacob Abel (19 May 1857 – 26 May 1938) was an American biochemist and pharmacologist.
See Adrenaline and John Jacob Abel
Johns Hopkins University
Johns Hopkins University (often abbreviated as Johns Hopkins, Hopkins, Johns, or JHU) is a private research university in Baltimore, Maryland.
See Adrenaline and Johns Hopkins University
L-DOPA
-DOPA, also known as levodopa and -3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine, is made and used as part of the normal biology of some plants and animals, including humans. Adrenaline and l-DOPA are Carbonic anhydrase activators and catecholamines.
Latin
Latin (lingua Latina,, or Latinum) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
Lipolysis
Lipolysis is the metabolic pathway through which lipid triglycerides are hydrolyzed into a glycerol and free fatty acids.
List of generic and genericized trademarks
The following three lists of generic and genericized trademarks are.
See Adrenaline and List of generic and genericized trademarks
Liver
The liver is a major metabolic organ exclusively found in vertebrate animals, which performs many essential biological functions such as detoxification of the organism, and the synthesis of proteins and various other biochemicals necessary for digestion and growth.
Long-term memory
Long-term memory (LTM) is the stage of the Atkinson–Shiffrin memory model in which informative knowledge is held indefinitely.
See Adrenaline and Long-term memory
Lung
The lungs are the central organs of the respiratory system in humans and some other animals, including tetrapods, some snails and a small number of fish.
Medication
A medication (also called medicament, medicine, pharmaceutical drug, medicinal drug or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
Medulla oblongata
The medulla oblongata or simply medulla is a long stem-like structure which makes up the lower part of the brainstem.
See Adrenaline and Medulla oblongata
Metabolic pathway
In biochemistry, a metabolic pathway is a linked series of chemical reactions occurring within a cell.
See Adrenaline and Metabolic pathway
Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms.
Metanephrine
Metanephrine, also known as metadrenaline, is a metabolite of epinephrine (also known as adrenaline) created by action of catechol-O-methyl transferase on epinephrine. Adrenaline and Metanephrine are Phenylethanolamines.
See Adrenaline and Metanephrine
Methyl group
In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula (whereas normal methane has the formula). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me.
See Adrenaline and Methyl group
Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.
See Adrenaline and Methylation
Monoamine neurotransmitter
Monoamine neurotransmitters are neurotransmitters and neuromodulators that contain one amino group connected to an aromatic ring by a two-carbon chain (such as -CH2-CH2-). Examples are dopamine, norepinephrine and serotonin. Adrenaline and Monoamine neurotransmitter are neurotransmitters.
See Adrenaline and Monoamine neurotransmitter
Monoamine oxidase
Monoamine oxidases (MAO) are a family of enzymes that catalyze the oxidation of monoamines, employing oxygen to clip off their amine group.
See Adrenaline and Monoamine oxidase
Mortality rate
Mortality rate, or death rate, is a measure of the number of deaths (in general, or due to a specific cause) in a particular population, scaled to the size of that population, per unit of time.
See Adrenaline and Mortality rate
Muscle
Muscle is a soft tissue, one of the four basic types of animal tissue.
Myocardial infarction
A myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops in one of the coronary arteries of the heart, causing infarction (tissue death) to the heart muscle.
See Adrenaline and Myocardial infarction
Napoleon Cybulski
Napoleon Nikodem Cybulski (Polish pronunciation:; 14 September 1854 – 26 April 1919) was a Polish physiologist and a pioneer of endocrinology and electroencephalography.
See Adrenaline and Napoleon Cybulski
Nebulizer
In medicine, a nebulizer (American English) or nebuliser (British English) is a drug delivery device used to administer medication in the form of a mist inhaled into the lungs.
Negative affectivity
Negative affectivity (NA), or negative affect, is a personality variable that involves the experience of negative emotions and poor self-concept.
See Adrenaline and Negative affectivity
Negative feedback
Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.
See Adrenaline and Negative feedback
Neuron
A neuron, neurone, or nerve cell is an excitable cell that fires electric signals called action potentials across a neural network in the nervous system.
Neurotransmitter
A neurotransmitter is a signaling molecule secreted by a neuron to affect another cell across a synapse. Adrenaline and neurotransmitter are neurotransmitters.
See Adrenaline and Neurotransmitter
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, or nAChRs, are receptor polypeptides that respond to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
See Adrenaline and Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Norepinephrine
Norepinephrine (NE), also called noradrenaline (NA) or noradrenalin, is an organic chemical in the catecholamine family that functions in the brain and body as a hormone, neurotransmitter and neuromodulator. Adrenaline and Norepinephrine are alpha-adrenergic agonists, beta-adrenergic agonists, catecholamines, neurotransmitters, Phenylethanolamines and stress hormones.
See Adrenaline and Norepinephrine
Palgrave Macmillan
Palgrave Macmillan is a British academic and trade publishing company headquartered in the London Borough of Camden.
See Adrenaline and Palgrave Macmillan
Pancreas
The pancreas is an organ of the digestive system and endocrine system of vertebrates.
Parke-Davis
Parke-Davis is a subsidiary of the pharmaceutical company Pfizer.
See Adrenaline and Parke-Davis
Phenylalanine
Phenylalanine (symbol Phe or F) is an essential α-amino acid with the formula. Adrenaline and Phenylalanine are Carbonic anhydrase activators.
See Adrenaline and Phenylalanine
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase (PNMT) is an enzyme found primarily in the adrenal medulla that converts norepinephrine (noradrenaline) to epinephrine (adrenaline).
See Adrenaline and Phenylethanolamine N-methyltransferase
Pheochromocytoma
Pheochromocytoma is a rare tumor of the adrenal medulla composed of chromaffin cells and is part of the paraganglioma (PGL) family of tumors, being defined as an intra-adrenal PGL.
See Adrenaline and Pheochromocytoma
Phosphorylase kinase
Phosphorylase kinase (PhK) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase which activates glycogen phosphorylase to release glucose-1-phosphate from glycogen.
See Adrenaline and Phosphorylase kinase
Pituitary gland
The pituitary gland or hypophysis is an endocrine gland in vertebrates.
See Adrenaline and Pituitary gland
Post-traumatic stress disorder
Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental and behavioral disorder that develops from experiencing a traumatic event, such as sexual assault, warfare, traffic collisions, child abuse, domestic violence, or other threats on a person's life or well-being.
See Adrenaline and Post-traumatic stress disorder
Pregnancy
Pregnancy is the time during which one or more offspring develops (gestates) inside a woman's uterus (womb).
Protein kinase A
In cell biology, protein kinase A (PKA) is a family of serine-threonine kinase whose activity is dependent on cellular levels of cyclic AMP (cAMP).
See Adrenaline and Protein kinase A
Protozoa
Protozoa (protozoan or protozoon; alternative plural: protozoans) are a polyphyletic group of single-celled eukaryotes, either free-living or parasitic, that feed on organic matter such as other microorganisms or organic debris.
Pupillary response
Pupillary response is a physiological response that varies the size of the pupil, via the optic and oculomotor cranial nerve.
See Adrenaline and Pupillary response
Respiratory tract
The respiratory tract is the subdivision of the respiratory system involved with the process of conducting air to the alveoli for the purposes of gas exchange in mammals.
See Adrenaline and Respiratory tract
Reward system
The reward system (the mesocorticolimbic circuit) is a group of neural structures responsible for incentive salience (i.e., "wanting"; desire or craving for a reward and motivation), associative learning (primarily positive reinforcement and classical conditioning), and positively-valenced emotions, particularly ones involving pleasure as a core component (e.g., joy, euphoria and ecstasy).
See Adrenaline and Reward system
S-Adenosyl methionine
S-Adenosyl methionine (SAM), also known under the commercial names of SAMe, SAM-e, or AdoMet, is a common cosubstrate involved in methyl group transfers, transsulfuration, and aminopropylation.
See Adrenaline and S-Adenosyl methionine
Scoparia dulcis
Scoparia dulcis is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family.
See Adrenaline and Scoparia dulcis
Secretin
Secretin is a hormone that regulates water homeostasis throughout the body and influences the environment of the duodenum by regulating secretions in the stomach, pancreas, and liver.
Sinoatrial node
The sinoatrial node (also known as the sinuatrial node, SA node or sinus node) is an oval shaped region of special cardiac muscle in the upper back wall of the right atrium made up of cells known as pacemaker cells.
See Adrenaline and Sinoatrial node
Smooth muscle
Smooth (soft) muscle is one of the three major types of vertebrate muscle tissue, the other being skeletal and cardiac muscle.
See Adrenaline and Smooth muscle
Sotalol
Sotalol, sold under the brand name Betapace among others, is a medication used to treat and prevent abnormal heart rhythms. Adrenaline and Sotalol are Phenylethanolamines.
Splanchnic nerves
The splanchnic nerves are paired visceral nerves (nerves that contribute to the innervation of the internal organs), carrying fibers of the autonomic nervous system (visceral efferent fibers) as well as sensory fibers from the organs (visceral afferent fibers).
See Adrenaline and Splanchnic nerves
Stress (biology)
Stress, whether physiological, biological or psychological, is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition.
See Adrenaline and Stress (biology)
Subcutaneous administration
Subcutaneous administration is the insertion of medications beneath the skin either by injection or infusion.
See Adrenaline and Subcutaneous administration
Sympathetic ganglia
The sympathetic ganglia, or paravertebral ganglia, are autonomic ganglia of the sympathetic nervous system.
See Adrenaline and Sympathetic ganglia
Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of the three divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the others being the parasympathetic nervous system and the enteric nervous system.
See Adrenaline and Sympathetic nervous system
Takamine Jōkichi
was a Japanese chemist.
See Adrenaline and Takamine Jōkichi
Tyrosine
-Tyrosine or tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins. Adrenaline and tyrosine are Carbonic anhydrase activators.
Tyrosine hydroxylase
Tyrosine hydroxylase or tyrosine 3-monooxygenase is the enzyme responsible for catalyzing the conversion of the amino acid L-tyrosine to L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA).
See Adrenaline and Tyrosine hydroxylase
Ulf von Euler
Ulf Svante von Euler (7 February 1905 – 9 March 1983) was a Swedish physiologist and pharmacologist.
See Adrenaline and Ulf von Euler
United States Adopted Name
A United States Adopted Name (USAN) is a unique nonproprietary name assigned to a medication marketed in the United States.
See Adrenaline and United States Adopted Name
Vasoconstriction
Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles.
See Adrenaline and Vasoconstriction
Vasodilation
Vasodilation, also known as vasorelaxation, is the widening of blood vessels.
See Adrenaline and Vasodilation
Vesicular monoamine transporter 1
Vesicular monoamine transporter 1 (VMAT1) also known as chromaffin granule amine transporter (CGAT) or solute carrier family 18 member 1 (SLC18A1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC18A1 gene.
See Adrenaline and Vesicular monoamine transporter 1
Vitamin C
Vitamin C (also known as ascorbic acid and ascorbate) is a water-soluble vitamin found in citrus and other fruits, berries and vegetables.
Voltage-gated calcium channel
Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs), also known as voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCCs), are a group of voltage-gated ion channels found in the membrane of excitable cells (e.g., muscle, glial cells, neurons, etc.) with a permeability to the calcium ion Ca2+.
See Adrenaline and Voltage-gated calcium channel
Walter Bradford Cannon
Walter Bradford Cannon (October 19, 1871 – October 1, 1945) was an American physiologist, professor and chairman of the Department of Physiology at Harvard Medical School.
See Adrenaline and Walter Bradford Cannon
William Bates (physician)
William Horatio Bates (December 23, 1860 – July 10, 1931) was an American physician who practiced ophthalmology and developed what became known as the Bates method for better eyesight.
See Adrenaline and William Bates (physician)
3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid
3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid (DHMA, DOMA) is a metabolite of norepinephrine.
See Adrenaline and 3,4-Dihydroxymandelic acid
See also
Alpha-adrenergic agonists
- Adrenaline
- Alpha-adrenergic agonist
- Fenoxazoline
- Meta-Hydroxynorephedrine
- Norepinephrine
- Norfenefrine
- Prednazoline
Beta-adrenergic agonists
- Aclidinium bromide/formoterol
- Adrenaline
- Alifedrine
- Arbutamine
- Arylalkanolamine
- Beclometasone/formoterol
- Beclometasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium bromide
- Beta-adrenergic agonist
- Beta1-adrenergic agonist
- Bromoacetylalprenololmenthane
- Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol
- Corbadrine
- Deoxyepinephrine
- Dipivefrine
- Dopexamine
- Ethylnorepinephrine
- Etilefrine
- Eugenodilol
- Fluticasone furoate/umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol
- Hexoprenaline
- Ibopamine
- Indacaterol/glycopyrronium bromide
- Indacaterol/glycopyrronium bromide/mometasone
- Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol
- Isoetarine
- Isoxsuprine
- Lubabegron
- Metaraminol
- Methyldopa
- Norepinephrine
- Phenylpropanolamine
- Reproterol
- Rimiterol
- Salbutamol
- Salbutamol/budesonide
- Tulobuterol
- Umeclidinium bromide/vilanterol
- Use of beta-adrenergic agonists in livestock
Bronchodilators
- Aclidinium bromide/formoterol
- Adrenaline
- Aminophylline
- Beclometasone/formoterol
- Beclometasone/formoterol/glycopyrronium bromide
- Bronchodilator
- Budesonide/glycopyrronium bromide/formoterol
- Enprofylline
- Eprozinol
- Etafedrine
- Ethylnorepinephrine
- Fenspiride
- Ipratropium bromide
- Ipratropium bromide/salbutamol
- Nepadutant
- Orciprenaline
- Oxitropium bromide
- PL-3994
- Pipoxizine
- Revefenacin
- S-1226
- Tedral
- Theophylline
- Theophylline/ephedra/hydroxyzine
- Tiotropium bromide
- Tolimidone
- Umeclidinium bromide
Carbonic anhydrase activators
- Adrenaline
- Amphetamine
- Chlorphentermine
- Histamine
- Histidine
- L-DOPA
- Mephentermine
- Methamphetamine
- Phentermine
- Phenylalanine
- Tryptophan
- Tyrosine
Cardiac stimulants
- Adrenaline
- Amrinone
- Angiotensinamide
- Antihypotensive agent
- Arbutamine
- Bufalin
- Cafedrine
- Cardiac stimulant
- Cocaine
- Dimetofrine
- Dopamine
- Dopexamine
- Enoximone
- Ephedrine
- Etilefrine
- Mephentermine
- Meta-Hydroxynorephedrine
- Metaraminol
- Methamphetamine
- Midodrine
- Norepinephrine (medication)
- Norfenefrine
- Phenylephrine
- Prenalterol
- Pseudoephedrine
- Theodrenaline
- Xamoterol
Catecholamines
- Α-Difluoromethyl-DOPA
- Α-Methyldopamine
- 3-O-Methyldopa
- 6-Fluoronorepinephrine
- Adrenaline
- Adrenalone
- Arbutamine
- Carbidopa
- Catecholamine
- Corbadrine
- Cysteinyldopa
- D-DOPA
- Deoxyepinephrine
- Dipivefrine
- Dopamine
- Dopexamine
- Droxidopa
- Ethylnorepinephrine
- Etilevodopa
- Fluorodopa
- Hexoprenaline
- History of catecholamine research
- Isoetarine
- Isoprenaline
- L-DOPA
- L-Dopaquinone
- Melevodopa
- Methyldopa
- N,N-Dimethyldopamine
- Norepinephrine
- Oxidopamine
- Rimiterol
- Theodrenaline
Chemical substances for emergency medicine
- Activated charcoal (medication)
- Adenosine
- Adrenaline
- Amiodarone
- Aspirin
- Atropine
- Catecholamines
- Dantrolene
- Dexamethasone
- Diazepam
- Diltiazem
- Epinephrine (medication)
- Etomidate
- Flumazenil
- Furosemide
- Glucocorticoid
- Haloperidol
- Heparin
- Hyoscine butylbromide
- Ketamine
- Levosalbutamol
- Lidocaine
- Lorazepam
- Methylprednisolone
- Metoprolol
- Midazolam
- Morphine
- Naloxone
- Nitroglycerin (medication)
- Obidoxime
- Orciprenaline
- Oxygen
- Propofol
- Rocuronium bromide
- Salbutamol
- Sodium bicarbonate
- Suxamethonium chloride
- Terbutaline
- Thrombosis prevention
- Tocolytic
- Trimedoxime bromide
- Urapidil
Hormones of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis
- ACTH stimulation test
- Adrenaline
- Corticosteroids
- Corticotropin-releasing hormone
- Progesterone
- Thyrotropin-releasing hormone
Hormones of the suprarenal medulla
- Adrenaline
Norepinephrine releasing agents
- Β-Methylphenethylamine
- 1,3-Dimethylbutylamine
- Adrenaline
- BOH (drug)
- Bupropion/zonisamide
- Cafedrine
- Cinnamedrine
- Corbadrine
- Desloratadine/pseudoephedrine
- Ephedrine
- Ethylnorepinephrine
- L-Norpseudoephedrine
- Methylhexanamine
- Naltrexone/bupropion
- Norepinephrine releasing agent
- Oxilofrine
- Phentermine
- Phenylephrine
- Phenylethanolamine
- Phenylisobutylamine
- Phenylpropanolamine
- Pseudoephedrine
- Tuaminoheptane
- Yohimbine
Stress (biology)
- Adrenaline
- Alcohol and cortisol
- Allostasis
- Allostatic load
- Chronic stress
- Cortisol
- Cortisol awakening response
- Defense physiology
- Effects of stress on memory
- Endorphins
- Epigenetics of anxiety and stress–related disorders
- Freezing behavior
- Hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis
- Maternal fetal stress transfer
- Roseto effect
- SIDD
- Stress (biology)
- Surgical stress
- Universal stress protein
- Why Zebras Don't Get Ulcers
Stress hormones
- Adrenaline
- Catecholamine
- Catecholamines
- Cortisol
- Growth hormone
- Norepinephrine
- Stress hormone
- Vasopressin
Sympathomimetic amines
- Adrenaline
- Apraclonidine
- Benzphetamine
- Brasofensine
- Cimaterol
- Cocaine
- Ethylphenidate
- Isometheptene
- List of methylphenidate analogues
- Mazindol
- Oxprenolol
- RTI-121
- RTI-229
- RTI-274
- RTI-31
- RTI-32
- RTI-371
- RTI-51
- RTI-55
- RTI-83
- Salbutamol
- Tesofensine
- Troparil
- WIN-35428
References
Also known as 4,5-beta-hydroxy-N-phenethylamine, 4,5-beta-hydroxyphenethylamine, 4,5-β-hydroxy-N-phenethylamine, 4,5-β-hydroxyphenethylamine, ATC code R03AA01, Adrenalin-Medihaler, Adrenaline junkie, Adrenaline junky, Adrenalline, Adreneline, Adrenine, Adrenodis, Adrenutol, Adrin, Adrine, Aktamin, Ana-Guard, Andrenalin, Antiasthmatique, Asmatane Mist, Asthma Meter Mist, Asthma-Nefrin, Asthmahaler Mist, Asthmanefrin, Astmahalin, Astminhal, Balmadren, Bernarenin, Biorenine, Bosmin, Brevirenin, Chelafrin, Drenamist, Dylephrin, EpiMist, Epifrin, Epiglaufrin, Epinephrine, Epinephrine (hormone), Epinephrine (neurotransmitter), Epirenamine, Epirenan, Epirenin, Epitrate, Esphygmogenina, Exadrin, Glaucosan, Glycirenan, Haemostasin, Haemostatin, Hemisine, Hemostatin, Hypernephrin, Hyporenin, Intranefrin, Isoptoepinal, Kidoline, Levonor, Levorenen, Levorenin, Levorenine, Lidocaton, Lyophrin, Metanephrin, Micronefrin, Mucidrina, Myosthenine, Mytrate, Nephridine, Nieraline, Nor-Epirenan, Norartrinal, Paranephrin, Primatene mist, Renagladin, Renaglandin, Renaglandulin, Renaleptine, Renalina, Renoform, Renostypricin, Renostypticin, Renostyptin, Scurenaline, Simplene, Sindrenina, Soladren, Sphygmogenin, Stryptirenal, Styptirenal, Supracapsulin, Supradin, Supranefran, Supranephrane, Suprel, Surenine, Surrenine, Susphrine, Sympathin E, Sympathin I, Tokamina, Tolansin, Tolax, Tolcil, Tolhart, Tonogen.