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96 relations: Alfred Romer, Amphirhina, Anaspida, Anaspidomorphi, Animal, Anticoagulant, Appendage, Arandaspida, Armour (anatomy), Astraspida, Basal (phylogenetics), British Columbia, Burgess Shale, Cambrian, Cambridge University Press, Carl Linnaeus, Cartilage, Cephalaspidomorphi, Cephalaspis, China, Chordate, Class (biology), Conodont, Convergent evolution, Craniate, Cyclostomata, Devonian, Ectotherm, Edward Drinker Cope, Eel, Endeiolepis, Euphanerida, European river lamprey, Extinction, Fauna, Fin, Fish fin, Fish jaw, Fossil, Galeaspida, Gill, Gnathostomata, Greek language, Hagfish, Haikouella, Haikouichthys, Heart, Hermaphrodite, Heterostraci, Human, ..., Hyperoartia, Jamoytiiformes, Jaw, Lamprey, Lancelet, Late Devonian extinction, Lateral line, Living fossil, Mammal, Maotianshan Shales, Mesozoic, Mikko's Phylogeny Archive, Mitochondrial DNA, Monophyly, Myllokunmingia, Myllokunmingiidae, Neontology, Notochord, Ordovician, Osteichthyes, Osteostraci, Ostracoderm, Oxford, Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, Paleontology, Paleozoic, Paraphyly, Phylum, Pineal gland, Pituriaspida, Pteraspidomorphi, Ribosomal RNA, Scale (anatomy), Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, Silurian, Skeleton, Skull, Species, Stomach, Symplesiomorphy, Taxon, Tetrapod, Thelodonti, Vertebral column, Vertebrate, Wiley-Blackwell. Expand index (46 more) »
Alfred Romer
Alfred Sherwood Romer (December 28, 1894 – November 5, 1973) was an American paleontologist and biologist and a specialist in vertebrate evolution.
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Amphirhina
Amphirhina are animals, a phylogenetic classification within the subphylum vertebrata.
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Anaspida
Anaspida ("without shield") is an extinct group of primitive jawless vertebrates that lived primarily during the Silurian period, and became extinct soon after the start of the Devonian.
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Anaspidomorphi
Anaspidomorphi (anaspidomorphs) is an extinct superclass of jawless fish.
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Animal
Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia.
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Anticoagulant
Anticoagulants, commonly referred to as blood thinners, are chemical substances that prevent or reduce coagulation of blood, prolonging the clotting time.
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Appendage
In invertebrate biology, an appendage (or outgrowth) is an external body part, or natural prolongation, that protrudes from an organism's body (in vertebrate biology, an example would be a vertebrate's limbs).
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Arandaspida
Arandaspida is a taxon of very early, jawless prehistoric fish which lived during the Ordovician period.
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Armour (anatomy)
Armour or armor in animals is external or superficial protection against attack by predators, formed as part of the body (rather than the behavioural use of protective external objects), usually through the hardening of body tissues, outgrowths or secretions.
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Astraspida
Astraspida, or astraspids, are a small group of extinct armored jawless vertebrates, which lived in the Middle Ordovician (about 450 million years ago) in North America.
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Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the base (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram.
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British Columbia
British Columbia (BC; Colombie-Britannique) is the westernmost province of Canada, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.
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Burgess Shale
The Burgess Shale is a fossil-bearing deposit exposed in the Canadian Rockies of British Columbia, Canada.
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Cambrian
The Cambrian Period was the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era, and of the Phanerozoic Eon.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement as Carl von LinnéBlunt (2004), p. 171.
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Cartilage
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue, a rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components.
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Cephalaspidomorphi
Cephalaspidomorphs are a group of jawless fishes named for Cephalaspis of the osteostracans.
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Cephalaspis
Cephalaspis (meaning "head shield") is a probably monotypic genus of extinct osteostracan agnathan vertebrate.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chordate
A chordate is an animal belonging to the phylum Chordata; chordates possess a notochord, a hollow dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal slits, an endostyle, and a post-anal tail, for at least some period of their life cycle.
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Class (biology)
In biological classification, class (classis) is a taxonomic rank, as well as a taxonomic unit, a taxon, in that rank.
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Conodont
Conodonts (Greek kōnos, "cone", + odont, "tooth") are extinct agnathan chordates resembling eels, classified in the class Conodonta.
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Convergent evolution
Convergent evolution is the independent evolution of similar features in species of different lineages.
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Craniate
A craniate is a member of the Craniata (sometimes called the Craniota), a proposed clade of chordate animals with a skull of hard bone or cartilage.
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Cyclostomata
Cyclostomata is a group of agnathans that comprises the living jawless fishes: the lampreys and hagfishes.
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Devonian
The Devonian is a geologic period and system of the Paleozoic, spanning 60 million years from the end of the Silurian, million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Carboniferous, Mya.
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Ectotherm
An ectotherm (from the Greek ἐκτός (ektós) "outside" and θερμός (thermós) "hot"), is an organism in which internal physiological sources of heat are of relatively small or quite negligible importance in controlling body temperature.
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Edward Drinker Cope
Edward Drinker Cope (July 28, 1840 – April 12, 1897) was an American paleontologist and comparative anatomist, as well as a noted herpetologist and ichthyologist.
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Eel
An eel is any ray-finned fish belonging to the order Anguilliformes, which consists of four suborders, 20 families, 111 genera and about 800 species.
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Endeiolepis
Endeiolepis is an extinct jawless fish that lived during the Late Devonian period, similar to that of living lampreys for its gill pouches, but Endeiolepis had an unusually large number of gill pouches.
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Euphanerida
Euphanerida is an extinct order of prehistoric jawless fish in the superclass Anaspidomorphi.
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European river lamprey
The European river lamprey, also known as the river lamprey or lampern, is a freshwater lamprey.
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Extinction
In biology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species.
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Fauna
Fauna is all of the animal life of any particular region or time.
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Fin
A fin is a thin component or appendage attached to a larger body or structure.
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Fish fin
Fins are usually the most distinctive anatomical features of a fish.
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Fish jaw
Most bony fishes have two sets of jaws made mainly of bone.
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Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging") is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
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Galeaspida
Galeaspida (from Latin, "Helmet shields") is an extinct taxon of jawless marine and freshwater fish.
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Gill
A gill is a respiratory organ found in many aquatic organisms that extracts dissolved oxygen from water and excretes carbon dioxide.
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Gnathostomata
Gnathostomata are the jawed vertebrates.
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Greek language
Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
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Hagfish
Hagfish, the class '''Myxini''' (also known as Hyperotreti), are eel-shaped, slime-producing marine fish (occasionally called slime eels).
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Haikouella
Haikouella is an agnathan chordate from the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan shales of Chengjiang County in Yunnan Province, China.
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Haikouichthys
Haikouichthys is an extinct genus of craniate (animals with notochords and distinct heads) believed to have lived 525 million years ago, during the Cambrian explosion of multicellular life.
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Heart
The heart is a muscular organ in most animals, which pumps blood through the blood vessels of the circulatory system.
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Hermaphrodite
In biology, a hermaphrodite is an organism that has complete or partial reproductive organs and produces gametes normally associated with both male and female sexes.
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Heterostraci
Heterostraci ("Different scales") is an extinct subclass of pteraspidomorph jawless vertebrate that lived primarily in marine and estuary environments.
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Human
Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.
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Hyperoartia
Hyperoartia or Petromyzontida is a disputed group of vertebrates that includes the modern lampreys and their fossil relatives.
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Jamoytiiformes
Jamoytiiformes is an extinct order of prehistoric jawless fish in the superclass Anaspidomorphi.
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Jaw
The jaw is any opposable articulated structure at the entrance of the mouth, typically used for grasping and manipulating food.
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Lamprey
Lampreys (sometimes also called, inaccurately, lamprey eels) are an ancient lineage of jawless fish of the order Petromyzontiformes, placed in the superclass Cyclostomata.
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Lancelet
The lancelets — also known as amphioxi (singular, amphioxus) consist of about 32 species of fish-like marine chordates in the order Amphioxiformes.
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Late Devonian extinction
The Late Devonian extinction was one of five major extinction events in the history of the Earth's biota.
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Lateral line
The lateral line is a system of sense organs found in aquatic vertebrates, used to detect movement, vibration, and pressure gradients in the surrounding water.
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Living fossil
A living fossil is an extant taxon that closely resembles organisms otherwise known only from the fossil record.
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Mammal
Mammals are the vertebrates within the class Mammalia (from Latin mamma "breast"), a clade of endothermic amniotes distinguished from reptiles (including birds) by the possession of a neocortex (a region of the brain), hair, three middle ear bones, and mammary glands.
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Maotianshan Shales
The Maotianshan Shales are a series of Early Cambrian deposits in the Chiungchussu Formation, famous for their Konservat Lagerstätten, deposits known for the exceptional preservation of fossilized organisms or traces.
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Mesozoic
The Mesozoic Era is an interval of geological time from about.
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Mikko's Phylogeny Archive
Mikko's Phylogeny Archive is an amateur paleontology website maintained by Mikko Haaramo, a student at the University of Helsinki's Department of Geology, Division of Geology and Palaeontology.
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Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Monophyly
In cladistics, a monophyletic group, or clade, is a group of organisms that consists of all the descendants of a common ancestor.
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Myllokunmingia
Myllokunmingia is a genus of basal chordate from the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan shales of China, thought to be a vertebrate, although this is not conclusively proven.
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Myllokunmingiidae
Myllokunmingiidae is a group of very early, jawless prehistoric fish (Agnathans) which lived during the Cambrian period.
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Neontology
Neontology is a part of biology that, in contrast to paleontology, deals with living (or, more generally, recent) organisms.
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Notochord
In anatomy, the notochord is a flexible rod made out of a material similar to cartilage.
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Ordovician
The Ordovician is a geologic period and system, the second of six periods of the Paleozoic Era.
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Osteichthyes
Osteichthyes, popularly referred to as the bony fish, is a diverse taxonomic group of fish that have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue, as opposed to cartilage.
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Osteostraci
The class Osteostraci ("Bony Shields") is an extinct taxon of bony-armored jawless fish, termed "ostracoderms", that lived in what is now North America, Europe and Russia from the Middle Silurian to Late Devonian.
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Ostracoderm
Ostracoderms ("shell-skinned") are the armored jawless fishes of the Paleozoic.
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Oxford
Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire.
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Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology ("Palaeo3") is a peer-reviewed scientific journal publishing multidisciplinary studies and comprehensive reviews in the field of palaeoenvironmental geology.
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Paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene Epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).
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Paleozoic
The Paleozoic (or Palaeozoic) Era (from the Greek palaios (παλαιός), "old" and zoe (ζωή), "life", meaning "ancient life") is the earliest of three geologic eras of the Phanerozoic Eon.
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Paraphyly
In taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's last common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor excluding a few—typically only one or two—monophyletic subgroups.
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Phylum
In biology, a phylum (plural: phyla) is a level of classification or taxonomic rank below Kingdom and above Class.
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Pineal gland
The pineal gland, also known as the conarium, kônarion or epiphysis cerebri, is a small endocrine gland in the vertebrate brain.
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Pituriaspida
The Pituriaspida ("Pituri Shield") are a small group of extinct armored jawless fishes with tremendous nose-like rostrums, which lived in the marine, deltaic environments of Middle Devonian Australia (about 390 Ma).
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Pteraspidomorphi
Pteraspidomorphi is an extinct class of early jawless fish.
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Ribosomal RNA
Ribosomal ribonucleic acid (rRNA) is the RNA component of the ribosome, and is essential for protein synthesis in all living organisms.
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Scale (anatomy)
In most biological nomenclature, a scale (Greek λεπίς lepis, Latin squama) is a small rigid plate that grows out of an animal's skin to provide protection.
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Shorter Oxford English Dictionary
The Shorter Oxford English Dictionary (SOED) is an English language dictionary published by the Oxford University Press.
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Silurian
The Silurian is a geologic period and system spanning 24.6 million years from the end of the Ordovician Period, at million years ago (Mya), to the beginning of the Devonian Period, Mya.
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Skeleton
The skeleton is the body part that forms the supporting structure of an organism.
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Skull
The skull is a bony structure that forms the head in vertebrates.
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Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank, as well as a unit of biodiversity, but it has proven difficult to find a satisfactory definition.
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Stomach
The stomach (from ancient Greek στόμαχος, stomachos, stoma means mouth) is a muscular, hollow organ in the gastrointestinal tract of humans and many other animals, including several invertebrates.
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Symplesiomorphy
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy or symplesiomorphic character is an ancestral character or trait state shared by two or more taxa.
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Taxon
In biology, a taxon (plural taxa; back-formation from taxonomy) is a group of one or more populations of an organism or organisms seen by taxonomists to form a unit.
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Tetrapod
The superclass Tetrapoda (from Greek: τετρα- "four" and πούς "foot") contains the four-limbed vertebrates known as tetrapods; it includes living and extinct amphibians, reptiles (including dinosaurs, and its subgroup birds) and mammals (including primates, and all hominid subgroups including humans), as well as earlier extinct groups.
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Thelodonti
Thelodonti (from Greek: "feeble teeth")Maisey, John G., Craig Chesek, and David Miller.
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Vertebral column
The vertebral column, also known as the backbone or spine, is part of the axial skeleton.
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Vertebrate
Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).
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Wiley-Blackwell
Wiley-Blackwell is the international scientific, technical, medical, and scholarly publishing business of John Wiley & Sons.
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Agnathan, Agnathans, Agnathostomata, Jawless, Jawless Fish, Jawless fish, Jawless fishes, Jawless vertebrates.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Agnatha
