Alcohol (chemistry)

In chemistry, an alcohol is a type of organic compound that carries at least one hydroxyl functional group bound to carbon. ^[1]

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Table of Contents

1. 212 relations: Acid, Acid dissociation constant, Aether (classical element), Akkadian language, Al-Farabi, Al-Kindi, Al-Zahrawi, Alcohol (drug), Alcohol dehydrogenase, Alcoholic beverage, Aldehyde, Alicyclic compound, Aliphatic compound, Alkane, Alkene, Alkoxide, Alkyl group, Allyl alcohol, Aluminium isopropoxide, Amine, Amino acid, Amyl alcohol, Andreas Libavius, Antimony, Antimony trisulfide, Antiseptic, Aqua vitae, Arabic definite article, Aristotle, Arnaldus de Villa Nova, Aromatic compound, Article (grammar), Asymmetric hydrogenation, Barbier reaction, Bartholomew Traheron, Barton–McCombie deoxygenation, Base (chemistry), Beer chemistry, Biomass, Blend word, Carbonyl group, Carboxylic acid, Catalysis, Cellulose, Cetyl alcohol, Chemical nomenclature, Chemical polarity, Chemistry, Cholesterol, Clostridium acetobutylicum, ... Expand index (162 more) » « Shrink index

2. Alcohol

Acid

An acid is a molecule or ion capable of either donating a proton (i.e. hydrogen ion, H+), known as a Brønsted–Lowry acid, or forming a covalent bond with an electron pair, known as a Lewis acid.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Acid

Acid dissociation constant

In chemistry, an acid dissociation constant (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant; denoted) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Acid dissociation constant

Aether (classical element)

According to ancient and medieval science, aether (alternative spellings include æther, aither, and ether), also known as the fifth element or quintessence, is the material that fills the region of the universe beyond the terrestrial sphere.

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Akkadian language

Akkadian (translit)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Akkadian language

Al-Farabi

Postage stamp of the USSR, issued on the 1100th anniversary of the birth of Al-Farabi (1975) Abu Nasr Muhammad al-Farabi (Abū Naṣr Muḥammad al-Fārābī; — 14 December 950–12 January 951), known in the Latin West as Alpharabius, was an early Islamic philosopher and music theorist.

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Al-Kindi

Abū Yūsuf Yaʻqūb ibn ʼIsḥāq aṣ-Ṣabbāḥ al-Kindī (أبو يوسف يعقوب بن إسحاق الصبّاح الكندي; Alkindus) was an Arab Muslim polymath active as a philosopher, mathematician, physician, and music theorist.

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Al-Zahrawi

Abū al-Qāsim Khalaf ibn al-'Abbās al-Zahrāwī al-Ansari (أبو القاسمخلف بن العباس الزهراوي;‎ 936–1013), popularly known as al-Zahrawi (الزهراوي), Latinised as Albucasis or Abulcasis (from Arabic Abū al-Qāsim), was a physician, surgeon and chemist from al-Andalus.

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Alcohol (drug)

Alcohol, sometimes referred to by the chemical name ethanol, is one of the most widely used and abused psychoactive drugs in the world and falls under the depressant category. Alcohol (chemistry) and Alcohol (drug) are alcohol and alcohols.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Alcohol (drug)

Alcohol dehydrogenase

Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADH) are a group of dehydrogenase enzymes that occur in many organisms and facilitate the interconversion between alcohols and aldehydes or ketones with the reduction of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD+) to NADH.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Alcohol dehydrogenase

Alcoholic beverage

An alcoholic beverage (also called an adult beverage, alcoholic drink, strong drink, or simply a drink) is a beverage containing alcohol.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Alcoholic beverage

Aldehyde

In organic chemistry, an aldehyde is an organic compound containing a functional group with the structure. Alcohol (chemistry) and aldehyde are functional groups.

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Alicyclic compound

In organic chemistry, an alicyclic compound contains one or more all-carbon rings which may be either saturated or unsaturated, but do not have aromatic character.

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Aliphatic compound

In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed solely of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds (G. aleiphar, fat, oil).

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Alkane

In organic chemistry, an alkane, or paraffin (a historical trivial name that also has other meanings), is an acyclic saturated hydrocarbon.

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Alkene

In organic chemistry, an alkene, or olefin, is a hydrocarbon containing a carbon–carbon double bond.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Alkene

Alkoxide

In chemistry, an alkoxide is the conjugate base of an alcohol and therefore consists of an organic group bonded to a negatively charged oxygen atom. Alcohol (chemistry) and alkoxide are functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Alkoxide

Alkyl group

In organic chemistry, an alkyl group is an alkane missing one hydrogen.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Alkyl group

Allyl alcohol

Allyl alcohol (IUPAC name: prop-2-en-1-ol) is an organic compound with the structural formula.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Allyl alcohol

Aluminium isopropoxide

Aluminium isopropoxide is the chemical compound usually described with the formula Al(O-i-Pr)3, where i-Pr is the isopropyl group (–CH(CH3)2).

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Aluminium isopropoxide

Amine

In chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair. Alcohol (chemistry) and amine are functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Amine

Amino acid

Amino acids are organic compounds that contain both amino and carboxylic acid functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Amino acid

Amyl alcohol

Amyl alcohols are alcohols with the formula C5H11OH.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Amyl alcohol

Andreas Libavius

Andreas Libavius or Andrew Libavius was born in Halle, Germany and died in July 1616.

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Antimony

Antimony is a chemical element; it has symbol Sb and atomic number 51.

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Antimony trisulfide

Antimony trisulfide is found in nature as the crystalline mineral stibnite and the amorphous red mineral (actually a mineraloid) metastibnite.

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Antiseptic

An antiseptic (lit and label) is an antimicrobial substance or compound that is applied to living tissue to reduce the possibility of sepsis, infection or putrefaction. Alcohol (chemistry) and antiseptic are antiseptics.

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Aqua vitae

Aqua vitae (Latin for "water of life") or aqua vita is an archaic name for a concentrated aqueous solution of ethanol.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Aqua vitae

Arabic definite article

(ٱلْـ, also romanized as el-, il-, and l- as pronounced in some varieties of Arabic), is the definite article in the Arabic language: a particle (ḥarf) whose function is to render the noun on which it is prefixed definite.

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Aristotle

Aristotle (Ἀριστοτέλης Aristotélēs; 384–322 BC) was an Ancient Greek philosopher and polymath.

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Arnaldus de Villa Nova

Arnaldus de Villa Nova (also called Arnau de Vilanova in Catalan, his language, Arnaldus Villanovanus, Arnaud de Ville-Neuve or Arnaldo de Villanueva, c. 1240–1311) was a physician and a religious reformer.

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Aromatic compound

Aromatic compounds or arenes usually refers to organic compounds "with a chemistry typified by benzene" and "cyclically conjugated." The word "aromatic" originates from the past grouping of molecules based on odor, before their general chemical properties were understood.

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Article (grammar)

In grammar, an article is any member of a class of dedicated words that are used with noun phrases to mark the identifiability of the referents of the noun phrases.

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Asymmetric hydrogenation

Asymmetric hydrogenation is a chemical reaction that adds two atoms of hydrogen to a target (substrate) molecule with three-dimensional spatial selectivity.

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Barbier reaction

The Barbier reaction is an organometallic reaction between an alkyl halide (chloride, bromide, iodide), a carbonyl group and a metal.

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Bartholomew Traheron

Bartholomew Traheron (1510?–1558?) was an English Protestant writer and Marian exile.

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Barton–McCombie deoxygenation

The Barton–McCombie deoxygenation is an organic reaction in which a hydroxy functional group in an organic compound is replaced by a hydrogen to give an alkyl group.

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Base (chemistry)

In chemistry, there are three definitions in common use of the word "base": Arrhenius bases, Brønsted bases, and Lewis bases.

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Beer chemistry

The chemical compounds in beer give it a distinctive taste, smell and appearance.

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Biomass

Biomass is a term used in several contexts: in the context of ecology it means living organisms, and in the context of bioenergy it means matter from recently living (but now dead) organisms.

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Blend word

In linguistics, a blend—also known as a blend word, lexical blend, or portmanteau—is a word formed, usually intentionally, by combining the sounds and meanings of two or more words.

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Carbonyl group

For organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group with the formula, composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom, and it is divalent at the C atom. Alcohol (chemistry) and carbonyl group are functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Carbonyl group

Carboxylic acid

In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group attached to an R-group. Alcohol (chemistry) and carboxylic acid are functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Carboxylic acid

Catalysis

Catalysis is the increase in rate of a chemical reaction due to an added substance known as a catalyst.

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Cellulose

Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units.

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Cetyl alcohol

Cetyl alcohol, also known as hexadecan-1-ol and palmityl alcohol, is a C-16 fatty alcohol with the formula CH3(CH2)15OH.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Cetyl alcohol

Chemical nomenclature

Chemical nomenclature is a set of rules to generate systematic names for chemical compounds.

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Chemical polarity

In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole moment, with a negatively charged end and a positively charged end.

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Chemistry

Chemistry is the scientific study of the properties and behavior of matter.

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Cholesterol

Cholesterol is the principal sterol of all higher animals, distributed in body tissues, especially the brain and spinal cord, and in animal fats and oils.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Cholesterol

Clostridium acetobutylicum

Clostridium acetobutylicum, ATCC 824, is a commercially valuable bacterium sometimes called the "Weizmann Organism", after Jewish Russian-born biochemist Chaim Weizmann.

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Collins reagent

Collins reagent is the complex of chromium(VI) oxide with pyridine in dichloromethane.

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Cracking (chemistry)

In petrochemistry, petroleum geology and organic chemistry, cracking is the process whereby complex organic molecules such as kerogens or long-chain hydrocarbons are broken down into simpler molecules such as light hydrocarbons, by the breaking of carbon–carbon bonds in the precursors.

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Cyclohexanol

Cyclohexanol is the organic compound with the formula HOCH(CH2)5.

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Dess–Martin periodinane

Dess–Martin periodinane (DMP) is a chemical reagent used in the Dess–Martin oxidation, oxidizing primary alcohols to aldehydes and secondary alcohols to ketones.

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Detergent

A detergent is a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants with cleansing properties when in dilute solutions.

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Diazonium compound

Diazonium compounds or diazonium salts are a group of organic compounds sharing a common functional group where R can be any organic group, such as an alkyl or an aryl, and X is an inorganic or organic anion, such as a halide. Alcohol (chemistry) and diazonium compound are functional groups.

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Diethyl ether

Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound with the chemical formula, sometimes abbreviated as.

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Dimethyl sulfoxide

Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2.

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Distillation

Distillation, also classical distillation, is the process of separating the component substances of a liquid mixture of two or more chemically discrete substances; the separation process is realized by way of the selective boiling of the mixture and the condensation of the vapors in a still.

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Elimination reaction

An elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one- or two-step mechanism.

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Enol

In organic chemistry, alkenols (shortened to enols) are a type of reactive structure or intermediate in organic chemistry that is represented as an alkene (olefin) with a hydroxyl group attached to one end of the alkene double bond. Alcohol (chemistry) and enol are alcohols and functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Enol

Erythritol

Erythritol is an organic compound, the naturally occurring achiral meso four-carbon sugar alcohol (or polyol).

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Ethane

Ethane is a naturally occurring organic chemical compound with chemical formula.

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Ethanol

Ethanol (also called ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, drinking alcohol, or simply alcohol) is an organic compound with the chemical formula.

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Ethanol fuel

Ethanol fuel is fuel containing ethyl alcohol, the same type of alcohol as found in alcoholic beverages.

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Ether

In organic chemistry, ethers are a class of compounds that contain an ether group—an oxygen atom bonded to two organyl groups (e.g., alkyl or aryl). Alcohol (chemistry) and ether are functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Ether

Ethyl group

In organic chemistry, an ethyl group (abbr. Et) is an alkyl substituent with the formula, derived from ethane.

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Ethylene

Ethylene (IUPAC name: ethene) is a hydrocarbon which has the formula or.

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Ethylene glycol

Ethylene glycol (IUPAC name: ethane-1,2-diol) is an organic compound (a vicinal diol) with the formula.

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Ethylene oxide

Ethylene oxide is an organic compound with the formula. It is a cyclic ether and the simplest epoxide: a three-membered ring consisting of one oxygen atom and two carbon atoms. Ethylene oxide is a colorless and flammable gas with a faintly sweet odor. Because it is a strained ring, ethylene oxide easily participates in a number of addition reactions that result in ring-opening.

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Fatty alcohol

Fatty alcohols (or long-chain alcohols) are usually high-molecular-weight, straight-chain primary alcohols, but can also range from as few as 4–6 carbons to as many as 22–26, derived from natural fats and oils.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Fatty alcohol

Favorskii reaction

The Favorskii reaction is an organic chemistry reaction between an alkyne and a carbonyl group, under basic conditions.

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Fermentation

Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic substances through the action of enzymes.

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Fischer–Speier esterification

Fischer esterification or Fischer–Speier esterification is a special type of esterification by refluxing a carboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acid catalyst.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Fischer–Speier esterification

Formaldehyde

Formaldehyde (systematic name methanal) is an organic compound with the chemical formula and structure, more precisely.

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Fractional distillation

Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions.

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Fructose

Fructose, or fruit sugar, is a ketonic simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose.

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Functional group

In organic chemistry, a functional group is a substituent or moiety in a molecule that causes the molecule's characteristic chemical reactions. Alcohol (chemistry) and functional group are functional groups and organic chemistry.

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Geraniol

Geraniol is a monoterpenoid and an alcohol.

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Giovanni da Vigo

Giovanni da Vigo (1450–1525) was an Italian surgeon.

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Glucose

Glucose is a sugar with the molecular formula.

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Glycerol

Glycerol, also called glycerine or glycerin, is a simple triol compound.

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Grignard reagent

Grignard reagents or Grignard compounds are chemical compounds with the general formula, where X is a halogen and R is an organic group, normally an alkyl or aryl.

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Haloalkane

The haloalkanes (also known as halogenoalkanes or alkyl halides) are alkanes containing one or more halogen substituents. Alcohol (chemistry) and haloalkane are functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Haloalkane

Halohydrin

In organic chemistry a halohydrin (also a haloalcohol or β-halo alcohol) is a functional group in which a halogen and a hydroxyl are bonded to adjacent carbon atoms, which otherwise bear only hydrogen or hydrocarbyl groups (e.g. 2-chloroethanol, 3-chloropropane-1,2-diol). Alcohol (chemistry) and halohydrin are functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Halohydrin

Hemicellulose

A hemicellulose (also known as polyose) is one of a number of heteropolymers (matrix polysaccharides), such as arabinoxylans, present along with cellulose in almost all terrestrial plant cell walls.

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Hexane

Hexane or n-hexane is an organic compound, a straight-chain alkane with six carbon atoms and the molecular formula C6H14.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Hexane

Hexanol

Hexanol may refer to any of the following isomeric organic compounds with the formula C6H13OH: |- ! Structure !! Type !! IUPAC name !! Boiling point (°C) |- | | Primary | Hexan-1-ol | 158 |- | | Secondary | Hexan-2-ol | 140 |- | | Secondary | Hexan-3-ol | 135 |- | | Primary | 2-Methylpentan-1-ol | 147 |- | | Primary | 3-Methylpentan-1-ol | 152 |- | | Primary | 4-Methylpentan-1-ol | 151 |- | | Tertiary | 2-Methylpentan-2-ol | 121 |- | | Secondary | 3-Methylpentan-2-ol | 134 |- | | Secondary | 4-Methylpentan-2-ol | 131 |- | | Secondary | 2-Methylpentan-3-ol | 126 |- | | Tertiary | 3-Methylpentan-3-ol | 122 |- | | Primary | 2,2-Dimethylbutan-1-ol | 137 |- | | Primary | 2,3-Dimethylbutan-1-ol | 145 |- | | Primary | 3,3-Dimethylbutan-1-ol | 143 |- | | Tertiary | 2,3-Dimethylbutan-2-ol | 119 |- | | Secondary | 3,3-Dimethylbutan-2-ol | 120 |- | | Primary | 2-Ethylbutan-1-ol | 146 |- |.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Hexanol

Hydration reaction

In chemistry, a hydration reaction is a chemical reaction in which a substance combines with water.

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Hydroboration–oxidation reaction

Hydroboration–oxidation reaction is a two-step hydration reaction that converts an alkene into an alcohol.

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Hydrocarbon

In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

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Hydrochloric acid

Hydrochloric acid, also known as muriatic acid or spirits of salt, is an aqueous solution of hydrogen chloride (HCl).

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Hydrochloric acid

Hydroformylation

In organic chemistry, hydroformylation, also known as oxo synthesis or oxo process, is an industrial process for the production of aldehydes from alkenes.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Hydroformylation

Hydrogen bond

In chemistry, a hydrogen bond (or H-bond) is primarily an electrostatic force of attraction between a hydrogen (H) atom which is covalently bonded to a more electronegative "donor" atom or group (Dn), and another electronegative atom bearing a lone pair of electrons—the hydrogen bond acceptor (Ac).

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Hydrogen bond

Hydroxy group

In chemistry, a hydroxy or hydroxyl group is a functional group with the chemical formula and composed of one oxygen atom covalently bonded to one hydrogen atom. Alcohol (chemistry) and hydroxy group are alcohols and functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Hydroxy group

Hydroxyacetone

Hydroxyacetone, also known as acetol, is the organic chemical with the formula CH3C(O)CH2OH.

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Hydroxylation

In chemistry, hydroxylation can refer to.

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Index of alcohol-related articles

Alcohol is any organic compound in which a hydroxyl functional group (-OH) is bound to a carbon atom, usually connected to other carbon or hydrogen atoms. Alcohol (chemistry) and Index of alcohol-related articles are alcohol.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Index of alcohol-related articles

Inositol

In biochemistry, medicine, and related sciences, inositol generally refers to myo-inositol (formerly meso-inositol), the most important stereoisomer of the chemical compound cyclohexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol.

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International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

The International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC) is an international federation of National Adhering Organizations working for the advancement of the chemical sciences, especially by developing nomenclature and terminology.

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Isobutanol

Isobutanol (IUPAC nomenclature: 2-methylpropan-1-ol) is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2CHCH2OH (sometimes represented as i-BuOH).

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Isobutylene

Isobutylene (or 2-methylpropene) is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula.

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Isopropyl alcohol

Isopropyl alcohol (IUPAC name propan-2-ol and also called isopropanol or 2-propanol) is a colorless, flammable organic compound with a pungent alcoholic odor. Alcohol (chemistry) and Isopropyl alcohol are antiseptics.

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IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry

In chemical nomenclature, the IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry is a method of naming organic chemical compounds as recommended by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). Alcohol (chemistry) and IUPAC nomenclature of organic chemistry are organic chemistry.

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Jabir ibn Hayyan

Abū Mūsā Jābir ibn Ḥayyān (Arabic: أَبو موسى جابِر بِن حَيّان, variously called al-Ṣūfī, al-Azdī, al-Kūfī, or al-Ṭūsī), died 806−816, is the purported author of a large number of works in Arabic, often called the Jabirian corpus.

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Jean de Roquetaillade

Jean de Roquetaillade, also known as John of Rupescissa, (ca. 1310 – between 1366 and 1370) was a French Franciscan alchemist and eschatologist.

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Jones oxidation

The Jones oxidation is an organic reaction for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols to carboxylic acids and ketones, respectively.

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Ketone

In organic chemistry, a ketone is an organic compound with the structure, where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Alcohol (chemistry) and ketone are functional groups.

See Alcohol (chemistry) and Ketone

Kohl (cosmetics)

Kohl is an eye cosmetic, traditionally made by grinding stibnite for use similar to that of charcoal in mascara.

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Libfix

In linguistics, a libfix is a productive bound morpheme affix created by rebracketing and back-formation, often a generalization of a component of a blended or portmanteau word.

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Lignin

Lignin is a class of complex organic polymers that form key structural materials in the support tissues of most plants.

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Liquor

Liquor or distilled beverage is an alcoholic drink produced by the distillation of grains, fruits, vegetables, or sugar that have already gone through alcoholic fermentation.

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List of alkanols

This list is ordered by the number of carbon atoms in an alcohol.

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List of gasoline additives

Petrol additives may increase petrol's octane rating, thus allowing the use of higher compression ratios for greater efficiency and power, or act as corrosion inhibitors or lubricants.

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Lithium aluminium hydride

Lithium aluminium hydride, commonly abbreviated to LAH, is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula or.

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Lone pair

In chemistry, a lone pair refers to a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atom in a covalent bondIUPAC Gold Book definition: and is sometimes called an unshared pair or non-bonding pair.

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Lucas' reagent

"Lucas' reagent" is a solution of anhydrous zinc chloride in concentrated hydrochloric acid.

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Mannitol

Mannitol is a type of sugar alcohol used as a sweetener and medication.

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Median lethal dose

In toxicology, the median lethal dose, LD50 (abbreviation for "lethal dose, 50%"), LC50 (lethal concentration, 50%) or LCt50 is a toxic unit that measures the lethal dose of a given substance.

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Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley reduction

The Meerwein–Ponndorf–Verley (MPV) reduction in organic chemistry is the reduction of ketones and aldehydes to their corresponding alcohols utilizing aluminium alkoxide catalysis in the presence of a sacrificial alcohol.

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Menthol

Menthol is an organic compound, more specifically a monoterpenoid, made synthetically or obtained from the oils of corn mint, peppermint, or other mints.

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Metal

A metal is a material that, when polished or fractured, shows a lustrous appearance, and conducts electricity and heat relatively well.

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Methanol

Methanol (also called methyl alcohol and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the chemical formula (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH).

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Methyl group

In organic chemistry, a methyl group is an alkyl derived from methane, containing one carbon atom bonded to three hydrogen atoms, having chemical formula (whereas normal methane has the formula). In formulas, the group is often abbreviated as Me. Alcohol (chemistry) and methyl group are functional groups.

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Miscibility

Miscibility is the property of two substances to mix in all proportions (that is, to fully dissolve in each other at any concentration), forming a homogeneous mixture (a solution).

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N-Bromosuccinimide

N-Bromosuccinimide or NBS is a chemical reagent used in radical substitution, electrophilic addition, and electrophilic substitution reactions in organic chemistry.

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Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi reaction

The Nozaki–Hiyama–Kishi reaction is a nickel/chromium coupling reaction forming an alcohol from the reaction of an aldehyde with an allyl or vinyl halide.

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Nucleophilic substitution

In chemistry, a nucleophilic substitution (SN) is a class of chemical reactions in which an electron-rich chemical species (known as a nucleophile) replaces a functional group within another electron-deficient molecule (known as the electrophile).

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Nylon

Nylon is a family of synthetic polymers with amide backbones, usually linking aliphatic or semi-aromatic groups.

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Octanol

Octanols are alcohols with the formula C8H17OH.

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Online Etymology Dictionary

The Online Etymology Dictionary or Etymonline, sometimes abbreviated as OED (not to be confused with the Oxford English Dictionary, which the site often cites), is a free online dictionary that describes the origins of English words, written and compiled by Douglas R. Harper.

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Organic compound

Some chemical authorities define an organic compound as a chemical compound that contains a carbon–hydrogen or carbon–carbon bond; others consider an organic compound to be any chemical compound that contains carbon. Alcohol (chemistry) and organic compound are organic chemistry.

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Organic reaction

Organic reactions are chemical reactions involving organic compounds. Alcohol (chemistry) and organic reaction are organic chemistry.

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Organoboron chemistry

Organoboron chemistry or organoborane chemistry studies organoboron compounds, also called organoboranes.

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Organobromine chemistry

Organobromine chemistry is the study of the synthesis and properties of organobromine compounds, also called organobromides, which are organic compounds that contain carbon bonded to bromine.

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Organochlorine chemistry

Organochlorine chemistry is concerned with the properties of organochlorine compounds, or organochlorides, organic compounds containing at least one covalently bonded atom of chlorine.

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Organosulfate

In organosulfur chemistry, organosulfates are a class of organic compounds sharing a common functional group with the structure.

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Oxford English Dictionary

The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is the principal historical dictionary of the English language, published by Oxford University Press (OUP), a University of Oxford publishing house.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the publishing house of the University of Oxford.

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Oxidase

In biochemistry, an oxidase is an oxidoreductase (any enzyme that catalyzes a redox reaction) that uses dioxygen (O2) as the electron acceptor.

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Oxymercuration reaction

In organic chemistry, the oxymercuration reaction is an electrophilic addition reaction that transforms an alkene into a neutral alcohol.

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Paracelsus

Paracelsus (1493 – 24 September 1541), born Theophrastus von Hohenheim (full name Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim), was a Swiss physician, alchemist, lay theologian, and philosopher of the German Renaissance.

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Paracetamol

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is a non-opioid analgesic and antipyretic agent used to treat fever and mild to moderate pain.

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Petroleum

Petroleum or crude oil, also referred to as simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations.

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Phenols

In organic chemistry, phenols, sometimes called phenolics, are a class of chemical compounds consisting of one or more hydroxyl groups (−O H) bonded directly to an aromatic hydrocarbon group. Alcohol (chemistry) and phenols are functional groups.

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Phosphorus tribromide

Phosphorus tribromide is a colourless liquid with the formula PBr3.

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Plasticizer

A plasticizer (UK: plasticiser) is a substance that is added to a material to make it softer and more flexible, to increase its plasticity, to decrease its viscosity, and/or to decrease friction during its handling in manufacture.

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Pliny the Elder

Gaius Plinius Secundus (AD 23/24 AD 79), called Pliny the Elder, was a Roman author, naturalist, natural philosopher, naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and a friend of the emperor Vespasian.

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Polyol

In organic chemistry, a polyol is an organic compound containing multiple hydroxyl groups.

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Polyvinyl chloride

Polyvinyl chloride (alternatively: poly(vinyl chloride), colloquial: vinyl or polyvinyl; abbreviated: PVC) is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic polymer of plastic (after polyethylene and polypropylene).

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Potassium hydroxide

Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash.

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Potassium permanganate

Potassium permanganate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula KMnO4.

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Preferred IUPAC name

In chemical nomenclature, a preferred IUPAC name (PIN) is a unique name, assigned to a chemical substance and preferred among all possible names generated by IUPAC nomenclature.

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Proceedings of the Chemical Society

The Proceedings of the Chemical Society was a scientific journal published at various times in the life of the Chemical Society, a scientific society in the United Kingdom that combined with other societies to form the Royal Society of Chemistry in 1980.

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Propane

Propane is a three-carbon alkane with the molecular formula.

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Propanol

There are two isomers of propanol.

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Propargyl alcohol

Propargyl alcohol, or 2-propyn-1-ol, is an organic compound with the formula C3H4O.

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Propyl group

In organic chemistry, a propyl group is a three-carbon alkyl substituent with chemical formula for the linear form.

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Propylene glycol

Propylene glycol (IUPAC name: propane-1,2-diol) is a viscous, colorless liquid.

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Pyridine

Pyridine is a basic heterocyclic organic compound with the chemical formula. Alcohol (chemistry) and Pyridine are functional groups.

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Radical substitution

In organic chemistry, a radical-substitution reaction is a substitution reaction involving free radicals as a reactive intermediate.

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Redox

Redox (reduction–oxidation or oxidation–reduction) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of the reactants change.

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Relative volatility

Relative volatility is a measure comparing the vapor pressures of the components in a liquid mixture of chemicals.

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Roman Egypt

Roman Egypt; was an imperial province of the Roman Empire from 30 BC to AD 641.

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Rubbing alcohol

Rubbing alcohol (in America, surgical spirit elsewhere) is either an isopropyl alcohol or an ethanol-based liquid, with isopropyl alcohol products being the most widely available. Alcohol (chemistry) and Rubbing alcohol are antiseptics.

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Salt (chemistry)

In chemistry, a salt or ionic compound is a chemical compound consisting of an assembly of positively charged ions (cations) and negatively charged ions (anions), which results in a compound with no net electric charge (electrically neutral).

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Salt-effect distillation

Salt-effect distillation is a method of extractive distillation in which a salt is dissolved in the mixture of liquids to be distilled.

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Semitic languages

The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

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Serine

Serine (symbol Ser or S) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.

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Skeletal formula

The skeletal formula, line-angle formula, bond-line formula or shorthand formula of an organic compound is a type of molecular structural formula that serves as a shorthand representation of a molecule's bonding and some details of its molecular geometry. Alcohol (chemistry) and skeletal formula are organic chemistry.

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Sodium

Sodium is a chemical element; it has symbol Na (from Neo-Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.

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Sodium borohydride

Sodium borohydride, also known as sodium tetrahydridoborate and sodium tetrahydroborate, is an inorganic compound with the formula (sometimes written as). It is a white crystalline solid, usually encountered as an aqueous basic solution.

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Sodium hydride

Sodium hydride is the chemical compound with the empirical formula NaH.

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Sodium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye and caustic soda, is an inorganic compound with the formula.

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Solvation

Solvation describes the interaction of a solvent with dissolved molecules.

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Sorbitol

Sorbitol, less commonly known as glucitol, is a sugar alcohol with a sweet taste which the human body metabolizes slowly.

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Starch

Starch or amylum is a polymeric carbohydrate consisting of numerous glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds.

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Stibnite

Stibnite, sometimes called antimonite, is a sulfide mineral with the formula Sb2S3.

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Structural formula

The structural formula of a chemical compound is a graphic representation of the molecular structure (determined by structural chemistry methods), showing how the atoms are possibly arranged in the real three-dimensional space.

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Sublimation (phase transition)

Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas state, without passing through the liquid state.

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Substituent

In organic chemistry, a substituent is one or a group of atoms that replaces (one or more) atoms, thereby becoming a moiety in the resultant (new) molecule. Alcohol (chemistry) and substituent are organic chemistry.

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Sucrose

Sucrose, a disaccharide, is a sugar composed of glucose and fructose subunits.

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Sugar

Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food.

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Sugar alcohol

Sugar alcohols (also called polyhydric alcohols, polyalcohols, alditols or glycitols) are organic compounds, typically derived from sugars, containing one hydroxyl group attached to each carbon atom.

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Sulfuric acid

Sulfuric acid (American spelling and the preferred IUPAC name) or sulphuric acid (Commonwealth spelling), known in antiquity as oil of vitriol, is a mineral acid composed of the elements sulfur, oxygen, and hydrogen, with the molecular formula.

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Taddeo Alderotti

Taddeo Alderotti (Latin: Thaddaeus Alderottus, French: Thaddée de Florence), born in Florence between 1206 and 1215, died in 1295, was an Italian doctor and professor of medicine at the University of Bologna, who made important contributions to the renaissance of learned medicine in Europe during the High Middle Ages.

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Terminal alkene

In organic chemistry, terminal alkenes (alpha-olefins, α-olefins, or 1-alkenes) are a family of organic compounds which are alkenes (also known as olefins) with a chemical formula, distinguished by having a double bond at the primary, alpha (α), or 1- position.

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Tert-Amyl alcohol

tert-Amyl alcohol (TAA) or 2-methylbutan-2-ol (2M2B), is a branched pentanol.

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Tert-Butyl alcohol

tert-Butyl alcohol is the simplest tertiary alcohol, with a formula of (CH3)3COH (sometimes represented as t-BuOH).

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The BMJ

The BMJ is a weekly peer-reviewed medical journal, published by BMJ Group, which in turn is wholly-owned by the British Medical Association (BMA).

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Theophrastus

Theophrastus (Θεόφραστος||godly phrased) was a Greek philosopher and the successor to Aristotle in the Peripatetic school.

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Thionyl chloride

Thionyl chloride is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula.

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Threitol

Threitol is the chiral four-carbon sugar alcohol with the molecular formula C4H10O4.

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Tosyl group

In organic chemistry, a toluenesulfonyl group (tosyl group, abbreviated Ts or TosIn this article, "Ts", unless otherwise stated, means tosyl, not tennessine.) is a univalent functional group with the chemical formula.

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Toxicity

Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism.

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Transesterification

Transesterification is the process of exchanging the organic functional group R″ of an ester with the organic group R' of an alcohol.

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Tributyltin hydride

Tributyltin hydride is an organotin compound with the formula (C4H9)3SnH.

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Triethylaluminium

Triethylaluminium is one of the simplest examples of an organoaluminium compound.

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Triphenylmethanol

Triphenylmethanol (also known as triphenylcarbinol and TrOH) is an organic compound.

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Volemitol

Volemitol is a naturally occurring seven-carbon sugar alcohol.

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Water

Water is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula.

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Williamson ether synthesis

The Williamson ether synthesis is an organic reaction, forming an ether from an organohalide and a deprotonated alcohol (alkoxide).

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Wine chemistry

Wine is a complex mixture of chemical compounds in a hydro-alcoholic solution with a pH around 4.

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Xenobiotic

A xenobiotic is a chemical substance found within an organism that is not naturally produced or expected to be present within the organism.

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Xylitol

Xylitol is a chemical compound with the formula, or HO(CH2)(CHOH)3(CH2)OH; specifically, one particular stereoisomer with that structural formula.

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Zaytsev's rule

In organic chemistry, Zaytsev's rule (or Zaitsev's rule, Saytzeff's rule, Saytzev's rule) is an empirical rule for predicting the favored alkene product(s) in elimination reactions.

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Ziegler process

In organic chemistry, the Ziegler process (also called the Ziegler-Alfol synthesis) is a method for producing fatty alcohols from ethylene using an organoaluminium compound.

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1-Butanol

1-Butanol, also known as butan-1-ol or n-butanol, is a primary alcohol with the chemical formula C4H9OH and a linear structure.

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1-Octanol

1-Octanol, also known as octan-1-ol, is the organic compound with the molecular formula CH3(CH2)7OH.

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1-Pentanol

1-Pentanol, (or n-pentanol, pentan-1-ol), is an organic compound with the formula and is classified as a primary alcohol.

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1-Propanol

1-Propanol (also propan-1-ol, propanol, n-propyl alcohol) is a primary alcohol with the formula and sometimes represented as PrOH or n-PrOH.

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4-Toluenesulfonyl chloride

4-Toluenesulfonyl chloride (p-toluenesulfonyl chloride, toluene-p-sulfonyl chloride) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C6H4SO2Cl.

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See also

Alcohol

• Acetaldehyde dehydrogenase inhibitors
• Alcohol (chemistry)
• Alcohol (drug)
• Alcohol and Drugs History Society
• Alcohol and health
• Alcohol and sex
• Alcohol and spaceflight
• Alcohol education
• Alcohol in association football
• Alcohol industry
• Alcohol inhalation
• Alcohol law
• Alcohol powder
• Alcohol tolerance
• Alcohol-infused whipped cream
• Alcoholate
• Alcoholic drinks
• Alcoholic spirits measure
• Alcoholism in adolescence
• Breathometer
• Cocoroco
• Comparison of psychoactive alcohols in alcoholic drinks
• Disulfiram-like drug
• Disulfiram-like drugs
• Drinking culture
• Drunk driving
• Dutch courage
• Ethyl glucuronide
• Ethylphenidate
• Index of alcohol-related articles
• Pharmacology of ethanol
• Religion and alcohol

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcohol_(chemistry)

Also known as Alcohols, Alcohols (chemistry), Alkanol, Higher alcohols, Non-beverage alcohol, Secondary alcohol, Secondary alcohols, Substituted alcohol, Substituted alcohols, Tertiary Alcohols, Tertiary alcohol, Tertiary hydroxyl groups, Toxic alcohol, Toxic alcohols.

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