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Alpha-7 nicotinic receptor

Index Alpha-7 nicotinic receptor

The alpha-7 nicotinic receptor, also known as the α7 receptor, is a type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor implicated in long term memory, consisting entirely of α7 subunits. [1]

79 relations: Acetylcholine, Alcohol, Alpha-3 beta-2 nicotinic receptor, Alpha-3 beta-4 nicotinic receptor, Alpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptor, Alzheimer's disease, Amyloid beta, Anabasine, Anandamide, Angiogenesis, Apoptosis, AR-R17779, Attention, Bradanicline, Brain, Bupropion, C-terminus, Calcium, Cancer, Cell growth, Chaperone (protein), Choline, CHRNA7, Conotoxin, CREB, Dehydronorketamine, Encenicline, Endocannabinoid system, Epiboxidine, Excitatory postsynaptic potential, Galantamine, GTS-21, HERG, Hydroxybupropion, Hydroxynorketamine, Ileum, Ivermectin, Janus kinase 2, Ketamine, Kynurenic acid, Learning, Lobeline, Long QT syndrome, Lymph node, Lymphocyte, MAPK1, MAPK3, Memantine, Memory, Metastasis, ..., Methyllycaconitine, Myocardial infarction, N-terminus, Nefiracetam, Neurotoxicity, Nicotine, Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, Norketamine, Pentameric protein, PHA-543,613, Phosphoinositide 3-kinase, Phosphorylation, PNU-120,596, PNU-282,987, Protein subunit, RIC3, Schizophrenia, Sensory gating, Sepsis, Spleen, SSR-180,711, Stoichiometry, Stroke, Submucous plexus, Synaptic potential, Transmembrane protein, Tropisetron, WAY-317538, Working memory. Expand index (29 more) »

Acetylcholine

Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic chemical that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals, including humans, as a neurotransmitter—a chemical message released by nerve cells to send signals to other cells.

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Alcohol

In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a carbon.

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Alpha-3 beta-2 nicotinic receptor

The alpha-3 beta-2 nicotinic receptor, also known as the α3β2 receptor, is a type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, consisting of α3 and β2 subunits.

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Alpha-3 beta-4 nicotinic receptor

The alpha-3 beta-4 nicotinic receptor, also known as the α3β4 receptor and the ganglion-type nicotinic receptor,Pharmacology, (Rang, Dale, Ritter & Moore,, 5th ed., Churchill Livingstone 2003) p. 138.

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Alpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptor

The alpha-4 beta-2 nicotinic receptor, also known as the α4β2 receptor, is a type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor implicated in learning, consisting of α4 and β2 subunits.

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Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and worsens over time.

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Amyloid beta

Amyloid beta (Aβ or Abeta) denotes peptides of 36–43 amino acids that are crucially involved in Alzheimer's disease as the main component of the amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer patients.

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Anabasine

Anabasine is a pyridine and piperidine alkaloid found in the Tree Tobacco (Nicotiana glauca) plant, a close relative of the common tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum).

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Anandamide

Anandamide, also known as N-arachidonoylethanolamine or AEA, is a fatty acid neurotransmitter derived from the non-oxidative metabolism of eicosatetraenoic acid (arachidonic acid) an essential ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acid.

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Angiogenesis

Angiogenesis is the physiological process through which new blood vessels form from pre-existing vessels.

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.

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AR-R17779

AR-R17779 is a drug that acts as a potent and selective full agonist for the α7 subtype of neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

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Attention

Attention, also referred to as enthrallment, is the behavioral and cognitive process of selectively concentrating on a discrete aspect of information, whether deemed subjective or objective, while ignoring other perceivable information.

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Bradanicline

Bradanicline (INN, code name TC-5619) is a drug which was being developed by Targacept that acts as a partial agonist at the α7 subtype of the neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

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Brain

The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.

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Bupropion

Bupropion, sold under the brand names Wellbutrin and Zyban among others, is a medication primarily used as an antidepressant and smoking cessation aid.

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C-terminus

The C-terminus (also known as the carboxyl-terminus, carboxy-terminus, C-terminal tail, C-terminal end, or COOH-terminus) is the end of an amino acid chain (protein or polypeptide), terminated by a free carboxyl group (-COOH).

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Calcium

Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Cell growth

The term cell growth is used in the contexts of biological cell development and cell division (reproduction).

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Chaperone (protein)

In molecular biology, molecular chaperones are proteins that assist the covalent folding or unfolding and the assembly or disassembly of other macromolecular structures.

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Choline

Choline is a water-soluble vitamin-like essential nutrient.

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CHRNA7

Neuronal acetylcholine receptor subunit alpha-7, also known as nAChRα7, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CHRNA7 gene.

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Conotoxin

A conotoxin is one of a group of neurotoxic peptides isolated from the venom of the marine cone snail, genus Conus.

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CREB

CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein) is a cellular transcription factor.

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Dehydronorketamine

Dehydronorketamine (DHNK), or 5,6-dehydronorketamine, is a minor metabolite of ketamine which is formed by dehydrogenation of its metabolite norketamine.

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Encenicline

Encenicline (INN, USAN, code names EVP-6124, MT-4666) is a selective partial agonist of the α7 nicotinic receptor, and is in phase III clinical trials for the treatment of cognitive impairment in schizophrenia.

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Endocannabinoid system

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is a biological system composed of endocannabinoids, which are endogenous lipid-based retrograde neurotransmitters that bind to cannabinoid receptors, and cannabinoid receptor proteins that are expressed throughout the mammalian central nervous system (including the brain) and peripheral nervous system.

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Epiboxidine

Epiboxidine is a chemical compound which acts as a partial agonist at neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, binding to both the α3β4 and the α4β2 subtypes.

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Excitatory postsynaptic potential

In neuroscience, an excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) is a postsynaptic potential that makes the postsynaptic neuron more likely to fire an action potential.

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Galantamine

Galantamine (Nivalin, Razadyne, Razadyne ER, Reminyl, Lycoremine) is used for the treatment of cognitive decline in mild to moderate Alzheimer's disease and various other memory impairments.

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GTS-21

GTS-21 (DMBX-A) is a derivative of the natural product anabaseine that acts as a partial agonist at neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

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HERG

hERG (the human Ether-à-go-go-Related Gene) is a gene that codes for a protein known as Kv11.1, the alpha subunit of a potassium ion channel.

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Hydroxybupropion

Hydroxybupropion (code name BW 306U), or 6-hydroxybupropion, is the major active metabolite of the antidepressant and smoking cessation drug bupropion.

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Hydroxynorketamine

Hydroxynorketamine (HNK), or 6-hydroxynorketamine, is a minor metabolite of the anesthetic, dissociative, and antidepressant drug ketamine.

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Ileum

The ileum is the final section of the small intestine in most higher vertebrates, including mammals, reptiles, and birds.

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Ivermectin

Ivermectin is a medication that is effective against many types of parasites.

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Janus kinase 2

Janus kinase 2 (commonly called JAK2) is a non-receptor tyrosine kinase.

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Ketamine

Ketamine, sold under the brand name Ketalar among others, is a medication mainly used for starting and maintaining anesthesia.

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Kynurenic acid

Kynurenic acid (KYNA or KYN) is a product of the normal metabolism of amino acid L-tryptophan.

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Learning

Learning is the process of acquiring new or modifying existing knowledge, behaviors, skills, values, or preferences.

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Lobeline

Lobeline is an alkaloid found in a variety of plants, particularly those in the genus Lobelia, including Indian tobacco (Lobelia inflata), Devil's tobacco (Lobelia tupa), cardinal flower (Lobelia cardinalis), great lobelia (Lobelia siphilitica), Lobelia chinensis, and Hippobroma longiflora.

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Long QT syndrome

Long QT syndrome (LQTS) is a condition which affects repolarization of the heart after a heartbeat.

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Lymph node

A lymph node or lymph gland is an ovoid or kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, and of the adaptive immune system, that is widely present throughout the body.

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Lymphocyte

A lymphocyte is one of the subtypes of white blood cell in a vertebrate's immune system.

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MAPK1

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 1, also known as MAPK1, p42MAPK, and ERK2, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK1 gene.

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MAPK3

Mitogen-activated protein kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAPK3 gene.

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Memantine

Memantine is used to treat moderate to severe Alzheimer's disease. It acts on the glutamatergic system by blocking NMDA receptors. It was first synthesized by Eli Lilly and Company in 1968 as a potential agent to treat diabetes; the NMDA activity was discovered in the 1980s.

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Memory

Memory is the faculty of the mind by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.

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Metastasis

Metastasis is a pathogenic agent's spread from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host's body; it is typically spoken of as such spread by a cancerous tumor.

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Methyllycaconitine

Methyllycaconitine (MLA) is a diterpenoid alkaloid found in many species of Delphinium (larkspurs).

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Myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.

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N-terminus

The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide referring to the free amine group (-NH2) located at the end of a polypeptide.

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Nefiracetam

Nefiracetam is a nootropic antidementia drug of the racetam family.

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Neurotoxicity

Neurotoxicity is a form of toxicity in which a biological, chemical, or physical agent produces an adverse effect on the structure or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system.

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Nicotine

Nicotine is a potent parasympathomimetic stimulant and an alkaloid found in the nightshade family of plants.

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Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor

Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, or nAChRs, are receptor proteins that respond to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.

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Norketamine

Norketamine, or N-desmethylketamine, is the major active metabolite of ketamine, which is formed mainly by CYP3A4.

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Pentameric protein

A pentameric protein is a quaternary protein structure that consists of five protein subunits.

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PHA-543,613

PHA-543,613 is a drug that acts as a potent and selective agonist for the α7 subtype of neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, with a high level of brain penetration and good oral bioavailability.

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Phosphoinositide 3-kinase

Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (also called phosphatidylinositide 3-kinases, phosphatidylinositol-3-kinases, PI 3-kinases, PI(3)Ks, PI-3Ks or by the HUGO official stem symbol for the gene family, PI3K(s)) are a family of enzymes involved in cellular functions such as cell growth, proliferation, differentiation, motility, survival and intracellular trafficking, which in turn are involved in cancer.

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Phosphorylation

In chemistry, phosphorylation of a molecule is the attachment of a phosphoryl group.

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PNU-120,596

PNU-120596 is a drug that acts as a potent and selective positive allosteric modulator for the α7 subtype of neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

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PNU-282,987

PNU-282,987 is a drug that acts as a potent and selective agonist for the α7 subtype of neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

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Protein subunit

In structural biology, a protein subunit is a single protein molecule that assembles (or "coassembles") with other protein molecules to form a protein complex.

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RIC3

RIC-3 also known as resistance to inhibitors of cholinesterase 3 is a chaperone protein that in humans is encoded by the RIC3 gene.

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Schizophrenia

Schizophrenia is a mental disorder characterized by abnormal social behavior and failure to understand reality.

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Sensory gating

Sensory gating describes neurological processes of filtering out redundant or unnecessary stimuli in the brain from all possible environmental stimuli.

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Sepsis

Sepsis is a life-threatening condition that arises when the body's response to infection causes injury to its own tissues and organs.

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Spleen

The spleen is an organ found in virtually all vertebrates.

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SSR-180,711

SSR180711 is a drug that acts as a potent and selective partial agonist for the α7 subtype of neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

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Stoichiometry

Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions.

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Stroke

A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.

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Submucous plexus

The submucous plexus (Meissner's plexus, plexus of the submucosa, plexus submucosus) lies in the submucosa of the intestinal wall.

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Synaptic potential

Synaptic potential refers to the difference in voltage between the inside and outside of a postsynaptic neuron.

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Transmembrane protein

A transmembrane protein (TP) is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the biological membrane to which it is permanently attached.

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Tropisetron

Tropisetron (INN) is a serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonist used mainly as an antiemetic to treat nausea and vomiting following chemotherapy, although it has been used experimentally as an analgesic in cases of fibromyalgia.

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WAY-317538

WAY-317538 (SEN-12333) is a drug that acts as a potent and selective full agonist for the α7 subtype of neural nicotinic acetylcholine receptors.

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Working memory

Working memory is a cognitive system with a limited capacity that is responsible for temporarily holding information available for processing.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alpha-7_nicotinic_receptor

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