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Amarna

Index Amarna

Amarna (al-ʿamārnah) is an extensive Egyptian archaeological site that represents the remains of the capital city newly established and built by the Pharaoh Akhenaten of the late Eighteenth Dynasty, and abandoned shortly after his death (1332 BC). [1]

104 relations: Akhenaten, Akhet (hieroglyph), Akkadian language, Alessandro Barsanti, Amarna letters, Amarna Period, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Near East, Archaeology, Art of ancient Egypt, Aten, Atenism, Barry Kemp (Egyptologist), Bes, Boundary Stelae of Akhenaten, British Library, Bronze Age, Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh, Cairo, City, Claude Sicard, Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, Cuneiform script, David P. Silverman, Death, Deir Mawas, Description de l'Égypte, Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft, Diplomacy, Dover Publications, Egypt, Egypt Exploration Society, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt, English language, Faience, Flinders Petrie, Formalism (art), France, Geography (Ptolemy), Great Temple of the Aten, Halaf culture, Henri Frankfort, Horemheb, Isis, John Gardner Wilkinson, John Pendlebury, Josef W. Wegner, Karl Richard Lepsius, Kiya, ..., Kom el-Nana, Leonard Woolley, Lingua franca, List of historical capitals of Egypt, Ludwig Borchardt, Lunette (stele), Luxor, Maru-Aten, Mary Chubb, Meketaten, Meritaten, Minya Governorate, Minya, Egypt, Monolatry, Mudbrick, N. de Garis Davies, Nakhtpaaten, Napoleon, Nefertiti, Nefertiti Bust, Nekhen, Neues Museum, Nile, North City, Amarna, North Riverside Palace, Northern Palace (Amarna), Panehesy, Pharaoh, Pliny the Elder, Priest, Prussia, Ptolemy, Robert Hay (Egyptologist), Roman Empire, Royal Wadi and tombs, Sebakh, Shed (deity), Small Aten Temple, Society of Jesus, Southern Tombs Cemetery, Stele, Stephen Glanville, Supreme Council of Antiquities, Taweret, Tell (archaeology), Thebes, Egypt, Thutmose (sculptor), Tombs of the Nobles (Amarna), Tutankhamun, University of Manchester, Upper Egypt, Workmen's Village, Amarna, World War I, Yuya. Expand index (54 more) »

Akhenaten

Akhenaten (also spelled Echnaton, Akhenaton, Ikhnaton, and Khuenaten; meaning "Effective for Aten"), known before the fifth year of his reign as Amenhotep IV (sometimes given its Greek form, Amenophis IV, and meaning "Amun Is Satisfied"), was an ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty who ruled for 17 years and died perhaps in 1336 BC or 1334 BC.

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Akhet (hieroglyph)

Akhet (Ꜣḫt; Gardiner:N27) is an Egyptian hieroglyph that represents the place where the sun rises or sets.

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Akkadian language

Akkadian (akkadû, ak-ka-du-u2; logogram: URIKI)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.

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Alessandro Barsanti

Alessandro Barsanti (1858–1917) was an Italian architect and Egyptologist who worked for the Egyptian Antiquities Service.

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Amarna letters

The Amarna letters (sometimes referred to as the Amarna correspondence or Amarna tablets, and cited with the abbreviation EA) are an archive, written on clay tablets, primarily consisting of diplomatic correspondence between the Egyptian administration and its representatives in Canaan and Amurru during the New Kingdom.

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Amarna Period

The Amarna Period was an era of Egyptian history during the later half of the Eighteenth Dynasty when the royal residence of the pharaoh and his queen was shifted to Akhetaten ('Horizon of the Aten') in what is now Amarna.

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Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River - geographically Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, in the place that is now occupied by the countries of Egypt and Sudan.

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Ancient Near East

The ancient Near East was the home of early civilizations within a region roughly corresponding to the modern Middle East: Mesopotamia (modern Iraq, southeast Turkey, southwest Iran, northeastern Syria and Kuwait), ancient Egypt, ancient Iran (Elam, Media, Parthia and Persia), Anatolia/Asia Minor and Armenian Highlands (Turkey's Eastern Anatolia Region, Armenia, northwestern Iran, southern Georgia, and western Azerbaijan), the Levant (modern Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, and Jordan), Cyprus and the Arabian Peninsula.

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Archaeology

Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of humanactivity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.

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Art of ancient Egypt

Ancient Egyptian art is the painting, sculpture, architecture and other arts produced by the civilization of ancient Egypt in the lower Nile Valley from about 3000 BC to 30 AD.

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Aten

Aten (also Aton, Egyptian jtn) is the disk of the sun in ancient Egyptian mythology, and originally an aspect of the god Ra.

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Atenism

Atenism, or the "Amarna heresy", refers to the religious changes associated with the eighteenth dynasty Pharaoh Amenhotep IV, better known under his adopted name, Akhenaten.

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Barry Kemp (Egyptologist)

Barry John Kemp, CBE, FBA is an English archaeologist and Egyptologist.

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Bes

Bes (also spelled as Bisu), as well as his feminine counterpart Beset, is an Ancient Egyptian deity worshipped as a protector of households, and in particular, of mothers, children and childbirth.

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Boundary Stelae of Akhenaten

The Boundary Stelae of Akhenaten are a group of royal monuments in Upper Egypt.

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British Library

The British Library is the national library of the United Kingdom and the largest national library in the world by number of items catalogued.

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Bronze Age

The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.

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Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh

The building known as the Bureau of Correspondence of Pharaoh (also known as the Records Office) is located in the 'Central City' area of the Ancient Egyptian city of Amarna, Akhetaten, the short-lived capital of Akhenaten.

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Cairo

Cairo (القاهرة) is the capital of Egypt.

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City

A city is a large human settlement.

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Claude Sicard

Father Claude Sicard (1677–1726) was a French Jesuit priest, and an early modern visitor to Egypt, between 1708 and 1712, producing the earliest known map of the country.

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Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria

The Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria (Coptic: Ϯⲉⲕ̀ⲕⲗⲏⲥⲓⲁ ̀ⲛⲣⲉⲙ̀ⲛⲭⲏⲙⲓ ⲛⲟⲣⲑⲟⲇⲟⲝⲟⲥ, ti.eklyseya en.remenkimi en.orthodoxos, literally: the Egyptian Orthodox Church) is an Oriental Orthodox Christian church based in Egypt, Northeast Africa and the Middle East.

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Cuneiform script

Cuneiform script, one of the earliest systems of writing, was invented by the Sumerians.

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David P. Silverman

David P. Silverman is an American archaeologist and Egyptologist.

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Death

Death is the cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism.

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Deir Mawas

Deir Mawas or Deir Muas (ديرمواس) is a city in Egypt.

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Description de l'Égypte

The Description de l'Égypte (Description of Egypt) was a series of publications, appearing first in 1809 and continuing until the final volume appeared in 1829, which aimed to comprehensively catalog all known aspects of ancient and modern Egypt as well as its natural history.

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Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft

The Deutsche Orient-Gesellschaft (German Oriental Society), abbreviated DOG, is a German voluntary association based in Berlin dedicated to the study of the Near East.

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Diplomacy

Diplomacy is the art and practice of conducting negotiations between representatives of states.

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Dover Publications

Dover Publications, also known as Dover Books, is an American book publisher founded in 1941 by Hayward Cirker and his wife, Blanche.

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Egypt

Egypt (مِصر, مَصر, Khēmi), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.

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Egypt Exploration Society

The Egypt Exploration Society (EES) is a British non-profit organization.

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Egyptian hieroglyphs

Egyptian hieroglyphs were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt.

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Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt

The Eighteenth Dynasty of Egypt (notated Dynasty XVIII, alternatively 18th Dynasty or Dynasty 18) is classified as the first Dynasty of the Ancient Egyptian New Kingdom period, lasting from 1549/1550 BC to 1292 BC.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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Faience

Faience or faïence is the conventional name in English for fine tin-glazed pottery on a delicate pale buff earthenware body.

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Flinders Petrie

Sir William Matthew Flinders Petrie, FRS, FBA (3 June 1853 – 28 July 1942), commonly known as Flinders Petrie, was an English Egyptologist and a pioneer of systematic methodology in archaeology and preservation of artifacts.

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Formalism (art)

In art history, formalism is the study of art by analyzing and comparing form and style.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Geography (Ptolemy)

The Geography (Γεωγραφικὴ Ὑφήγησις, Geōgraphikḕ Hyphḗgēsis, "Geographical Guidance"), also known by its Latin names as the Geographia and the Cosmographia, is a gazetteer, an atlas, and a treatise on cartography, compiling the geographical knowledge of the 2nd-century Roman Empire.

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Great Temple of the Aten

The Great Temple of the Aten (or the pr-Jtn, House of the AtenBarbara Watterson, Amarna: Ancient Egypt’s Age of Revolution (Charleston, SC: Tempus Publishing, 1999), 69-72.) was a temple located in the city of el-Amarna (ancient Akhetaten), Egypt.

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Halaf culture

The Halaf culture is a prehistoric period which lasted between about 6100 BCE and 5100 BCE.

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Henri Frankfort

Henri "Hans" Frankfort (24 February 1897 – 16 July 1954) was a Dutch Egyptologist, archaeologist and orientalist.

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Horemheb

Horemheb (sometimes spelled Horemhab or Haremhab and meaning Horus is in Jubilation) was the last pharaoh of the 18th Dynasty of Egypt.

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Isis

Isis was a major goddess in ancient Egyptian religion whose worship spread throughout the Greco-Roman world.

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John Gardner Wilkinson

Sir John Gardner Wilkinson (5 October 1797 – 29 October 1875) was an English traveller, writer and pioneer Egyptologist of the 19th century.

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John Pendlebury

John Devitt Stringfellow Pendlebury (12 October 1904 – 22 May 1941) was a British archaeologist who worked for British intelligence during World War II.

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Josef W. Wegner

Josef William Wegner (born October 1967) is an American Egyptologist, archaeologist and Associate Professor in Egyptology at the Department of Near Eastern Languages and Civilizations of the University of Pennsylvania, where he obtained his PhD degree in Egyptology.

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Karl Richard Lepsius

Karl or Carl Richard Lepsius (23 December 1810– 10 July 1884) was a pioneering Prussian Egyptologist and linguist and pioneer of modern archaeology.

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Kiya

Kiya was one of the wives of the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten.

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Kom el-Nana

Kom el-Nana is an archaeological site near the ancient Egyptian city of Akhet-Aten.

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Leonard Woolley

Sir Charles Leonard Woolley (17 April 1880 – 20 February 1960) was a British archaeologist best known for his excavations at Ur in Mesopotamia.

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Lingua franca

A lingua franca, also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vernacular language, or link language is a language or dialect systematically used to make communication possible between people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both native languages.

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List of historical capitals of Egypt

The current capital of Egypt is Cairo.

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Ludwig Borchardt

Ludwig Borchardt (October 5, 1863 – August 12, 1938) was a German Egyptologist who was born in Berlin.

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Lunette (stele)

The lunette spatial region in the upper portion of stelas, became common for steles as a prelude to a stele's topic.

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Luxor

Luxor (الأقصر; Egyptian Arabic:; Sa'idi Arabic) is a city in Upper (southern) Egypt and the capital of Luxor Governorate.

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Maru-Aten

Maru-Aten, short for Pa-maru-en-pa-aten (The Viewing-Palace-of-the-Aten), is a palace or sun-temple located 3 km to the south of the central city area of the city of Akhetaten (today's el Amarna).

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Mary Chubb

Mary Chubb (22 March 1903 – 22 January 2003) was a British author and archaeologist.

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Meketaten

Meketaten ("Behold the Aten" or "Protected by Aten") was the second daughter of six born to the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten and his Great Royal Wife Nefertiti.

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Meritaten

Meritaten, also spelled Merytaten or Meryetaten (14th century BC), was an ancient Egyptian royal woman of the Eighteenth dynasty.

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Minya Governorate

Minya Governorate (محافظة المنيا) is one of the governorates of Upper Egypt.

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Minya, Egypt

MinyaAlso spelled el… or al… …Menia, …Minia or …Menya.

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Monolatry

Monolatry (Greek: μόνος (monos).

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Mudbrick

A mudbrick or mud-brick is a brick, made of a mixture of loam, mud, sand and water mixed with a binding material such as rice husks or straw.

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N. de Garis Davies

The Egyptologists Nina M. Davies (6 January 1881 – 21 April 1965) and Norman de Garis Davies (1865–5 November 1941) were a married couple of illustrators and copyists who worked in the early and mid-twentieth century drawing and recording paintings in Egypt.

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Nakhtpaaten

Nakhtpaaten (“Strong is the Aten”) or Nakht was an ancient Egyptian vizier during the reign of Pharaoh Akhenaten of the 18th dynasty.

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Napoleon

Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.

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Nefertiti

Neferneferuaten Nefertiti (c. 1370 – c. 1330 BC) was an Egyptian queen and the Great Royal Wife (chief consort) of Akhenaten, an Egyptian Pharaoh.

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Nefertiti Bust

The Nefertiti Bust is a painted stucco-coated limestone bust of Nefertiti, the Great Royal Wife of the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten.

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Nekhen

Nekhen or Hierakonpolis (Ἱεράκων πόλις Hierakōn polis "Hawk City", lit) was the religious and political capital of Upper Egypt at the end of prehistoric Egypt (3200–3100 BC) and probably also during the Early Dynastic Period (3100–2686 BC).

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Neues Museum

The Neues Museum ("New Museum") is a museum in Berlin, Germany, located to the north of the Altes Museum (Old Museum) on Museum Island.

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Nile

The Nile River (النيل, Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl, Standard Arabic an-Nīl; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ, P(h)iaro; Ancient Egyptian: Ḥ'pī and Jtrw; Biblical Hebrew:, Ha-Ye'or or, Ha-Shiḥor) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, and is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, though some sources cite the Amazon River as the longest.

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North City, Amarna

The North City was an administrative area in the Ancient Egyptian city of Amarna in Upper Egypt, the short-lived capital of Pharaoh Akhenaten of the 18th Dynasty.

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North Riverside Palace

The North Riverside Palace was a royal residence in the former Egyptian city of Amarna.

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Northern Palace (Amarna)

The Northern Palace, also called the North Palace, is located in the abandoned Northern Suburbs of the city of Ahketaten (modern Amarna, in Egypt).

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Panehesy

The Egyptian noble Panehesy (also transcribed as PinhasyAldred, Cyril, Akhenaten: King of Egypt,Thames and Hudson, 1991 (paperback),, pg 16,18,24,66,131,222 or PanehsyKemp, Barry, The City of Akhenaten and Nefertiti: Amarna and its People, Thames and Hudson, 2012) was the 'Chief servitor of the Aten in the temple of Aten in Akhetaten' ('Second Prophet of the Lord of the Two Lands').

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Pharaoh

Pharaoh (ⲡⲣ̅ⲣⲟ Prro) is the common title of the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BCE) until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE, although the actual term "Pharaoh" was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until circa 1200 BCE.

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Pliny the Elder

Pliny the Elder (born Gaius Plinius Secundus, AD 23–79) was a Roman author, naturalist and natural philosopher, a naval and army commander of the early Roman Empire, and friend of emperor Vespasian.

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Priest

A priest or priestess (feminine) is a religious leader authorized to perform the sacred rituals of a religion, especially as a mediatory agent between humans and one or more deities.

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Prussia

Prussia (Preußen) was a historically prominent German state that originated in 1525 with a duchy centred on the region of Prussia.

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Ptolemy

Claudius Ptolemy (Κλαύδιος Πτολεμαῖος, Klaúdios Ptolemaîos; Claudius Ptolemaeus) was a Greco-Roman mathematician, astronomer, geographer, astrologer, and poet of a single epigram in the Greek Anthology.

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Robert Hay (Egyptologist)

Robert Hay (6 January 1799 – 4 November 1863) was a Scottish traveller, antiquarian, and early Egyptologist.

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Roman Empire

The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.

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Royal Wadi and tombs

The Royal Wadi (known locally as Wadi Abu Hassah el-Bahari) is a necropolis in Amarna, Egypt.

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Sebakh

Sebakh (سباخ, less commonly transliterated as sebbakh) is an Arabic word that translates to "fertilizer".

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Shed (deity)

Shed was a deity from ancient Egyptian religion.

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Small Aten Temple

The Small Aten Temple is located in the abandoned city of Akhetaten (modern Amarna in Egypt).

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Society of Jesus

The Society of Jesus (SJ – from Societas Iesu) is a scholarly religious congregation of the Catholic Church which originated in sixteenth-century Spain.

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Southern Tombs Cemetery

The Southern Tomb Cemetery is an Ancient Egyptian necropolis in Amarna, Upper Egypt.

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Stele

A steleAnglicized plural steles; Greek plural stelai, from Greek στήλη, stēlē.

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Stephen Glanville

Stephen Ranulph Kingdon Glanville, MBE (26 April 1900 – 26 April 1956) was an English historian and egyptologist.

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Supreme Council of Antiquities

The Supreme Council of Antiquities (SCA) was a department within the Egyptian Ministry of Culture from 1994 until January 2011, when it became an independent ministry, the Ministry of State for Antiquities (MSA).

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Taweret

In Ancient Egyptian religion, Taweret (also spelled Taurt, Tuat, Taouris, Tuart, Ta-weret, Tawaret, Twert, Thoeris and Taueret, and in Greek, Θουέρις – Thouéris and Toeris) is the protective ancient Egyptian goddess of childbirth and fertility.

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Tell (archaeology)

In archaeology, a tell, or tel (derived from تَل,, 'hill' or 'mound'), is an artificial mound formed from the accumulated refuse of people living on the same site for hundreds or thousands of years.

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Thebes, Egypt

Thebes (Θῆβαι, Thēbai), known to the ancient Egyptians as Waset, was an ancient Egyptian city located east of the Nile about south of the Mediterranean.

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Thutmose (sculptor)

"The King's Favourite and Master of Works, the Sculptor Thutmose" (also spelled Djhutmose, Thutmosis, and Thutmes), flourished 1350 BC, is thought to have been the official court sculptor of the Egyptian Pharaoh Akhenaten in the latter part of his reign.

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Tombs of the Nobles (Amarna)

Located in Middle Egypt, the Tombs of the Nobles at Amarna are the burial places of some of the powerful courtiers and persons of the city of Akhetaten.

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Tutankhamun

Tutankhamun (alternatively spelled with Tutenkh-, -amen, -amon) was an Egyptian pharaoh of the 18th dynasty (ruled c. 1332–1323 BC in the conventional chronology), during the period of Egyptian history known as the New Kingdom or sometimes the New Empire Period.

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University of Manchester

The University of Manchester is a public research university in Manchester, England, formed in 2004 by the merger of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology and the Victoria University of Manchester.

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Upper Egypt

Upper Egypt (صعيد مصر, shortened to الصعيد) is the strip of land on both sides of the Nile that extends between Nubia and downriver (northwards) to Lower Egypt.

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Workmen's Village, Amarna

Located in the desert east of the ancient city of Akhetaten, the Workmen's village at Amarna was built during the reign of Pharaoh Akhenaten (c. 1349-1332 BCE) and the concurrent growth of Akhetaten.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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Yuya

Yuya (sometimes Iouiya, also known as Yaa, Ya, Yiya, Yayi, Yu, Yuyu, Yaya, Yiay, Yia, and Yuy) was a powerful Egyptian courtier during the Eighteenth dynasty of Egypt (circa 1390 BC).

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Redirects here:

Aket-Aton, Akhet-Aten, Akhetaten, Akhetaton, EA (el Amarna), El Amarna, El-Amarna, Tel el Amarna, Tell Amarna, Tell El-Amarna, Tell al-Amarna, Tell el Amarna, Tell el-Amarna, Tell el-amarna.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amarna

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