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Amateur radio in India

Index Amateur radio in India

Amateur radio or ham radio is practised by more than 16,000 licensed users in India. [1]

145 relations: Adjacent-channel interference, Ahmedabad, Ajmer, Alternating current, Amateur radio, Amateur radio direction finding, Amateur radio emergency communications, Amateur radio in India, Amateur radio net, Amateur radio satellite, Amateur Radio Society of India, Amitabh Bachchan, Amplitude modulation, AMSAT, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Automatic gain control, Axis powers, Azad Hind Radio, Bangalore, Bob Tanna, British Indian Army, Call signs in India, Chennai, Citizens band radio in India, Colpitts oscillator, Congress Radio, Continuous wave, CQ Amateur Radio, Crystal oscillator, Darjeeling, Dayanidhi Maran, Delhi, Dibrugarh, Diode, DX-pedition, DXing, E. P. Metcalfe, Electrical resonance, Fading, Federal Communications Commission, French India, Gandhinagar, Goa, Gorakhpur, Gulf War, Hamfest, Hamfest India, HAMSAT, Hartley oscillator, High fidelity, ..., High frequency, Hyderabad, India, Indian Army, Indian Express Limited, Indian independence movement, Indian National Congress, Indian Space Research Organisation, Indian Telegraph Act, 1885, Indian Wireless Telegraph (Amateur Service) Rules, 1978, Indian Wireless Telegraph Rules, Intelligence Bureau (India), Interference (communication), International Amateur Radio Union, International Radiotelegraph Convention (1912), International Telecommunication Union, ITU Region, Jagadish Chandra Bose, Jalandhar, Jamboree on the Air, Japanese occupation of Burma, Kamal Hassan, Kerala, Kochi, Kolkata, Kuwait, Lakshadweep, Limca Book of Records, List of amateur radio frequency bands in India, Madhya Pradesh, Mahatma Gandhi, Mainland India, Mangalore, Matheran, Mhow, Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India), Ministry of Home Affairs (India), Morse code, Mumbai, N. Ram, Nagpur, Nariman Printer, NATO phonetic alphabet, New Delhi, Ohm's law, Panaji, Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle, Portuguese India, Prime Minister of India, Q code, Q factor, QRP operation, Quit India Movement, Rajiv Gandhi, Ranchi, Rectifier, Root mean square, Royal Corps of Signals, Selectivity (electronic), Sensitivity (electronics), Shillong, Shortwave radio, Signal-to-noise ratio, Sikkim, Single-sideband modulation, Skip distance, Small satellite, Sonia Gandhi, Spectral density, Srinagar, Superheterodyne receiver, The Hindu, The Indian Express, The Times Group, The Times of India, Thermionic emission, Thiruvananthapuram, Transmitter hunting, Triode, Tuned radio frequency receiver, Ultra high frequency, Union territory, United States, University of Mysore, Usha Mehta, Vacuum tube, Very high frequency, Visakhapatnam, Wireless Planning & Coordination Wing, World War II, WorldRadio, Yagi–Uda antenna, 1993 Latur earthquake, 2001 Gujarat earthquake, 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami. Expand index (95 more) »

Adjacent-channel interference

Adjacent-channel interference (ACI) is interference caused by extraneous power from a signal in an adjacent channel.

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Ahmedabad

Ahmedabad, also known as Amdavad is the largest city and former capital of the Indian state of Gujarat.

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Ajmer

Ajmer (अजमेर) is one of the major cities in the Indian state of Rajasthan and the centre of the eponymous Ajmer District.

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Alternating current

Alternating current (AC) is an electric current which periodically reverses direction, in contrast to direct current (DC) which flows only in one direction.

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Amateur radio

Amateur radio, also known as ham radio, describes the use of radio frequency spectrum for purposes of non-commercial exchange of messages, wireless experimentation, self-training, private recreation, radiosport, contesting, and emergency communication.

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Amateur radio direction finding

Amateur radio direction finding (ARDF, also known as radio orienteering and radiosport) is an amateur racing sport that combines radio direction finding with the map and compass skills of orienteering.

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Amateur radio emergency communications

In times of crisis and natural disasters, amateur radio is often used as a means of emergency communication when wireline, cell phones and other conventional means of communications fail.

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Amateur radio in India

Amateur radio or ham radio is practised by more than 16,000 licensed users in India.

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Amateur radio net

An amateur radio net, or simply ham net, is an "on-the-air" gathering of amateur radio operators.

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Amateur radio satellite

An amateur radio satellite is an artificial satellite built and used by amateur radio operators for use in the Amateur-satellite service.

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Amateur Radio Society of India

The Amateur Radio Society of India (ARSI) is a national non-profit organization for amateur radio enthusiasts in India.

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Amitabh Bachchan

Amitabh Bachchan (born 11 October 1942) is an Indian film actor, producer, television host, and former politician.

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Amplitude modulation

Amplitude modulation (AM) is a modulation technique used in electronic communication, most commonly for transmitting information via a radio carrier wave.

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AMSAT

AMSAT is a name for amateur radio satellite organizations worldwide, but in particular the Radio Amateur Satellite Corporation (AMSAT-NA) with headquarters at Kensington, Maryland, near Washington, D.C. AMSAT organizations design, build, arrange launches for, and then operate (command) satellites carrying amateur radio payloads, including the OSCAR series of satellites.

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Andaman and Nicobar Islands

The Andaman and Nicobar Islands, one of the seven union territories of India, are a group of islands at the juncture of the Bay of Bengal and Andaman Sea.

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Automatic gain control

Automatic gain control (AGC), also called automatic volume control (AVC), is a closed-loop feedback regulating circuit in an amplifier or chain of amplifiers, the purpose of which is to maintain a suitable signal amplitude at its output, despite variation of the signal amplitude at the input.

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Axis powers

The Axis powers (Achsenmächte; Potenze dell'Asse; 枢軸国 Sūjikukoku), also known as the Axis and the Rome–Berlin–Tokyo Axis, were the nations that fought in World War II against the Allied forces.

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Azad Hind Radio

Azad Hind Radio was a propaganda radio service that was started under the leadership of Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose in Germany in 1942 to encourage Indians to fight for freedom.

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Bangalore

Bangalore, officially known as Bengaluru, is the capital of the Indian state of Karnataka.

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Bob Tanna

Bhavsinh Moraji "Bob" Tanna (c. 1915 – 18 February 2011) was an Indian amateur radio operator who was instrumental in setting up the Congress Radio along with Nariman Printer on the request of Usha Mehta, an Indian National Congress party leader.

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British Indian Army

The Indian Army (IA), often known since 1947 (but rarely during its existence) as the British Indian Army to distinguish it from the current Indian Army, was the principal military of the British Indian Empire before its decommissioning in 1947.

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Call signs in India

Call signs in India are unique identifiers for telecommunications and broadcasting in India.

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Chennai

Chennai (formerly known as Madras or) is the capital of the Indian state of Tamil Nadu.

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Citizens band radio in India

Citizens band radio (also known as CB radio) is a system of short-distance radio communications between individuals on a selection of channels within the 27-MHz (11 m) band.

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Colpitts oscillator

A Colpitts oscillator, invented in 1918 by American engineer Edwin H. Colpitts, is one of a number of designs for LC oscillators, electronic oscillators that use a combination of inductors (L) and capacitors (C) to produce an oscillation at a certain frequency.

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Congress Radio

Congress Radio was a clandestine and underground radio station, which operated for about three months during the Quit India Movement of 1942, a movement launched by Gandhi against the British Raj for independence of India.

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Continuous wave

A continuous wave or continuous waveform (CW) is an electromagnetic wave of constant amplitude and frequency, almost always a sine wave, that for mathematical analysis is considered to be of infinite duration.

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CQ Amateur Radio

CQ Amateur Radio (also known simply as CQ or CQ magazine, and formerly as CQ: The Radio Amateur's Journal) is a magazine for amateur radio enthusiasts first published in 1945.

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Crystal oscillator

A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a precise frequency.

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Darjeeling

Darjeeling is a town and a municipality in the Indian state of West Bengal.

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Dayanidhi Maran

Dayanidhi Murasoli Maran (born 5 December 1966) is an Indian politician and one of the prominent members of Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam party.

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Delhi

Delhi (Dilli), officially the National Capital Territory of Delhi (NCT), is a city and a union territory of India.

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Dibrugarh

Dibrugarh (pron: ˌdɪbru:ˈgɑ) is a city and is the headquarters of the Dibrugarh district in the state of Assam in India.

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Diode

A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance); it has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other.

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DX-pedition

A DX-pedition is an expedition to what is considered an exotic place by amateur radio operators, perhaps because of its remoteness, access restrictions or simply because there are very few radio amateurs active from that place.

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DXing

DXing is the hobby of receiving and identifying distant radio or television signals, or making two way radio contact with distant stations in amateur radio, citizens' band radio or other two way radio communications.

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E. P. Metcalfe

E.

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Electrical resonance

Electrical resonance occurs in an electric circuit at a particular resonant frequency when the imaginary parts of impedances or admittances of circuit elements cancel each other.

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Fading

In wireless communications, fading is variation or the attenuation of a signal with various variables.

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Federal Communications Commission

The Federal Communications Commission (FCC) is an independent agency of the United States government created by statute (and) to regulate interstate communications by radio, television, wire, satellite, and cable.

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French India

French India, formally the Établissements français dans l'Inde ("French establishments in India"), was a French colony comprising geographically separate enclaves on the Indian subcontinent.

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Gandhinagar

Gandhinagar is the capital of the state of Gujarat in Western India.

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Goa

Goa is a state in India within the coastal region known as the Konkan, in Western India.

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Gorakhpur

Gorakhpur is a city located along the banks of Rapti river in the north-eastern part of the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh, with a population of 673,446.

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Gulf War

The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.

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Hamfest

A Hamfest is a convention of amateur radio enthusiasts, often combining a trade show, flea market, and various other activities of interest to amateur radio operators (hams).

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Hamfest India

Hamfest India is a popular hamfest held annually.

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HAMSAT

HAMSAT also known as HAMSAT INDIA, VU2SAT and VO-52 is a microsatellite weighing, providing amateur radio satellite communications services for Indian and international amateur radio operators.

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Hartley oscillator

The Hartley oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit in which the oscillation frequency is determined by a tuned circuit consisting of capacitors and inductors, that is, an LC oscillator.

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High fidelity

High fidelity (often shortened to hi-fi or hifi) is a term used by listeners, audiophiles and home audio enthusiasts to refer to high-quality reproduction of sound.

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High frequency

High frequency (HF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) between 3 and 30 megahertz (MHz).

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Hyderabad

Hyderabad is the capital of the Indian state of Telangana and de jure capital of Andhra Pradesh.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Indian Army

The Indian Army is the land-based branch and the largest component of the Indian Armed Forces.

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Indian Express Limited

Indian Express Limited is an Indian news media publishing company.

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Indian independence movement

The Indian independence movement encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule (1757–1857) and the British Indian Empire (1857–1947) in the Indian subcontinent.

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Indian National Congress

The Indian National Congress (INC, often called Congress Party) is a broadly based political party in India.

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Indian Space Research Organisation

The Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO) is the space agency of the Government of India headquartered in the city of Bangalore.

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Indian Telegraph Act, 1885

The Indian Telegraph Act, 1883 is the enabling legislation in India which governs the use of wired and wireless telegraphy, telephones, teletype, radio communications and digital data communications.

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Indian Wireless Telegraph (Amateur Service) Rules, 1978

The Indian Wireless Telegraphs (Amateur Service) Rules, 1978 is an act that governs amateur radio services in India.

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Indian Wireless Telegraph Rules

The Indian Wireless Telegraph Rules governs the use of wireless devices in India.

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Intelligence Bureau (India)

The Intelligence Bureau (IB) (Aasoochana Byooro) is India's internal intelligence agency.

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Interference (communication)

In communications and electronics, especially in telecommunications, interference is anything which modifies, or disrupts a signal as it travels along a channel between a source and a receiver.

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International Amateur Radio Union

The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) is an international confederation of national amateur radio organisations that allows a forum for common matters of concern and collectively represents matters to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU).

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International Radiotelegraph Convention (1912)

The International Radiotelegraph Convention (1912) established an agreement to allow the exchange of radio telegraphs (with the intention to connect this new network to wired telegraph).

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International Telecommunication Union

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU; Union Internationale des Télécommunications (UIT)), originally the International Telegraph Union (Union Télégraphique Internationale), is a specialized agency of the United Nations (UN) that is responsible for issues that concern information and communication technologies.

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ITU Region

The International Telecommunication Union (ITU), in its International Radio Regulations, divides the world into three ITU regions for the purposes of managing the global radio spectrum.

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Jagadish Chandra Bose

Sir Jagadish Chandra Bose, CSI, CIE, FRS (30 November 1858 – 23 November 1937), also spelled Jagdish and Jagadis, was a polymath, physicist, biologist, biophysicist, botanist and archaeologist, and an early writer of science fiction.

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Jalandhar

Jalandhar, formerly known as Jullundur in British India, is a city in the Doaba region of the northwestern Indian state of Punjab.

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Jamboree on the Air

Jamboree on the Air, known by its acronym JOTA, is an international Scouting and Guiding activity held annually; it is on the third full weekend in October.

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Japanese occupation of Burma

The Japanese occupation of Burma was the period between 1942 and 1945 during World War II, when Burma was occupied by the Empire of Japan.

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Kamal Hassan

Kamal Hassan (born 27 October 1942) is a renowned Muslim academic and Islamic scholar, specializing in Contemporary Islamic Thought, particularly pertaining to the Southeast Asia region.

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Kerala

Kerala is a state in South India on the Malabar Coast.

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Kochi

Kochi, also known as Cochin, is a major port city on the south-west coast of India bordering the Laccadive Sea.

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Kolkata

Kolkata (also known as Calcutta, the official name until 2001) is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal.

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Kuwait

Kuwait (الكويت, or), officially the State of Kuwait (دولة الكويت), is a country in Western Asia.

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Lakshadweep

Lakshadweep (Lakshadīb), formerly known as the Laccadive, Minicoy, and Aminidivi Islands, is a group of islands in the Laccadive Sea, off the southwestern coast of India.

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Limca Book of Records

Limca Book of Records is an annual reference book published in India documenting human and natural world records.

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List of amateur radio frequency bands in India

Amateur radio or ham radio is a hobby that is practised by over 16,000 licensed users in India.

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Madhya Pradesh

Madhya Pradesh (MP;; meaning Central Province) is a state in central India.

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Mahatma Gandhi

Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi (2 October 1869 – 30 January 1948) was an Indian activist who was the leader of the Indian independence movement against British rule.

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Mainland India

Mainland India are the territories of India located on the Asian continental mainland.

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Mangalore

Mangalore, officially known as Mangaluru, is the chief port city of the Indian state of Karnataka.

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Matheran

Matheran is a hill station and a municipal council in Karjat Tahsilin the Raigad district in the Indian state of Maharashtra.

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Mhow

Mhow, officially known as Dr Ambedkar Nagar, is a cantonment in the Indore district in Madhya Pradesh state of India.

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Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (India)

The Ministry of Communication and Information Technology was an Indian government ministry.

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Ministry of Home Affairs (India)

The Ministry of Home Affairs (MHA) or Home Ministry (IAST: Gṛha Maṃtrālaya) is a ministry of the Government of India.

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Morse code

Morse code is a method of transmitting text information as a series of on-off tones, lights, or clicks that can be directly understood by a skilled listener or observer without special equipment.

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Mumbai

Mumbai (also known as Bombay, the official name until 1995) is the capital city of the Indian state of Maharashtra.

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N. Ram

Narasimhan Ram (born 4 May 1945) is an Indian journalist and prominent member of the Kasturi family that controls The Hindu Group of publications.

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Nagpur

Nagpur is the winter capital, a sprawling metropolis, and the third largest city of the Indian state of Maharashtra after Mumbai and Pune.

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Nariman Printer

Nariman Abarbad Printer (fl. c. 1940) was an Indian amateur radio operator known for setting up the Congress Radio.

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NATO phonetic alphabet

The NATO phonetic alphabet, officially denoted as the International Radiotelephony Spelling Alphabet, and also commonly known as the ICAO phonetic alphabet, and in a variation also known officially as the ITU phonetic alphabet and figure code, is the most widely used radiotelephone spelling alphabet.

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New Delhi

New Delhi is an urban district of Delhi which serves as the capital of India and seat of all three branches of Government of India.

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Ohm's law

Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.

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Panaji

Panaji also known as Panjim, Pangim) is the capital of the Indian state of Goa and the headquarters of North Goa district. It lies on the banks of the Mandovi River estuary in the Ilhas de Goa sub-district (taluka). With a population of 114,759 in the metropolitan area, Panjim is Goa's largest Urban agglomeration, ahead of Margão and Vasco da Gama. Panjim has terraced hills, concrete buildings with balconies and red-tiled roofs, churches, and a riverside promenade. There are avenues lined with gulmohar, acacia and other trees. The Baroque Our Lady of the Immaculate Conception Church is located overlooking the main square known as Praça da Igreja. Panjim has been selected as one of hundred Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under the Smart Cities Mission. This city of stepped streets and a seven kilometre long promenade was built on a planned grid system after the Portuguese relocated the capital form Velha Goa in the 17th century. It was elevated from a town to a city on March 22, 1843 making it the oldest civic institution in Asia (175 years).

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Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle

The Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle (PSLV) is an expendable launch system developed and operated by the Indian Space Research Organisation (ISRO).

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Portuguese India

The State of India (Estado da Índia), also referred as the Portuguese State of India (Estado Português da Índia, EPI) or simply Portuguese India (Índia Portuguesa), was a state of the Portuguese Overseas Empire, founded six years after the discovery of a sea route between Portugal and the Indian Subcontinent to serve as the governing body of a string of Portuguese fortresses and colonies overseas.

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Prime Minister of India

The Prime Minister of India is the leader of the executive of the Government of India.

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Q code

The Q code is a standardized collection of three-letter codes all of which start with the letter "Q".

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Q factor

In physics and engineering the quality factor or Q factor is a dimensionless parameter that describes how underdamped an oscillator or resonator is, and characterizes a resonator's bandwidth relative to its centre frequency.

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QRP operation

In amateur radio, QRP operation refers to transmitting at reduced power while attempting to maximize one's effective range.

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Quit India Movement

The Quit India Movement or the India August Movement, was a movement launched at the Bombay session of the All-India Congress Committee by Mahatma Gandhi on 8 August 1942, during World War II, demanding an end to British Rule of India.

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Rajiv Gandhi

Rajiv Ratna Gandhi (20 August 1944 – 21 May 1991) was an Indian politician who served as the 6th Prime Minister of India from 1984 to 1989.

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Ranchi

Ranchi is the capital of the Indian state of Jharkhand.

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Rectifier

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction.

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Root mean square

In statistics and its applications, the root mean square (abbreviated RMS or rms) is defined as the square root of the mean square (the arithmetic mean of the squares of a set of numbers).

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Royal Corps of Signals

The Royal Corps of Signals (often simply known as the Royal Signals - abbreviated to R SIGNALS) is one of the combat support arms of the British Army.

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Selectivity (electronic)

Selectivity is a measure of the performance of a radio receiver to respond only to the radio signal it is tuned to (such as a radio station) and reject other signals nearby in frequency, such as another broadcast on an adjacent channel.

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Sensitivity (electronics)

The sensitivity of an electronic device, such as a communications system receiver, or detection device, such as a PIN diode, is the minimum magnitude of input signal required to produce a specified output signal having a specified signal-to-noise ratio, or other specified criteria.

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Shillong

Shillong (Khasi: Shillong) is a hill station in the northeastern part of India and the capital of Meghalaya, which means "The Abode of Clouds" and is one of the smallest states in India.

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Shortwave radio

Shortwave radio is radio transmission using shortwave radio frequencies.

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Signal-to-noise ratio

Signal-to-noise ratio (abbreviated SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise.

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Sikkim

Sikkim is a state in Northeast India.

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Single-sideband modulation

In radio communications, single-sideband modulation (SSB) or single-sideband suppressed-carrier modulation (SSB-SC) is a type of modulation, used to transmit information, such as an audio signal, by radio waves.

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Skip distance

A skip distance is the distance a radio wave travels, usually including a hop in the ionosphere.

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Small satellite

Small satellites, miniaturized satellites, or smallsats, are satellites of low mass and size, usually under.

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Sonia Gandhi

Sonia Gandhi (born 9 December 1946) is an Indian politician of Italian descent.

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Spectral density

The power spectrum S_(f) of a time series x(t) describes the distribution of power into frequency components composing that signal.

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Srinagar

Srinagar is the largest city and the summer capital of the Indian state of Jammu and Kashmir.

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Superheterodyne receiver

A superheterodyne receiver, often shortened to superhet, is a type of radio receiver that uses frequency mixing to convert a received signal to a fixed intermediate frequency (IF) which can be more conveniently processed than the original carrier frequency.

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The Hindu

The Hindu is an Indian daily newspaper, headquartered at Chennai.

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The Indian Express

The Indian Express is an English-language Indian daily newspaper.

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The Times Group

The Times Group is India’s largest media conglomerate, according to Financial Times as of March 2015.

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The Times of India

The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Times Group.

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Thermionic emission

Thermionic emission is the thermally induced flow of charge carriers from a surface or over a potential-energy barrier.

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Thiruvananthapuram

Thiruvananthapuram, also known as Trivandrum, is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Kerala.

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Transmitter hunting

Transmitter hunting (also known as T-hunting, fox hunting, bunny hunting, and bunny chasing), is an activity wherein participants use radio direction finding techniques to locate one or more radio transmitters hidden within a designated search area.

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Triode

A triode is an electronic amplifying vacuum tube (or valve in British English) consisting of three electrodes inside an evacuated glass envelope: a heated filament or cathode, a grid, and a plate (anode).

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Tuned radio frequency receiver

A tuned radio frequency receiver (or TRF receiver) is a type of radio receiver that is composed of one or more tuned radio frequency (RF) amplifier stages followed by a detector (demodulator) circuit to extract the audio signal and usually an audio frequency amplifier.

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Ultra high frequency

Ultra high frequency (UHF) is the ITU designation for radio frequencies in the range between 300 megahertz (MHz) and 3 gigahertz (GHz), also known as the decimetre band as the wavelengths range from one meter to one decimeter.

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Union territory

A union territory is a type of administrative division in the Republic of India.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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University of Mysore

The University of Mysore is a public state university in Mysore, Karnataka, India.

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Usha Mehta

Usha Mehta (25 March 1920 – 11 August 2000) was a Gandhian and freedom fighter of India.

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Vacuum tube

In electronics, a vacuum tube, an electron tube, or just a tube (North America), or valve (Britain and some other regions) is a device that controls electric current between electrodes in an evacuated container.

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Very high frequency

Very high frequency (VHF) is the ITU designation for the range of radio frequency electromagnetic waves (radio waves) from 30 to 300 megahertz (MHz), with corresponding wavelengths of ten to one meter.

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Visakhapatnam

Visakhapatnam (also known as Vizag and Waltair is the largest city and the financial capital of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. The city is the administrative headquarters of Visakhapatnam district and the Eastern Naval Command of the Indian Navy. Its geographical location is amidst the Eastern Ghats and the coast of the Bay of Bengal. It is the most populous city in the state with a population of 2,035,922 as of 2011, making it the 14th largest city in the country. It is also the 9th most populous metropolitan area in India with a population of 5,340,000. With an output of $43.5 billion, Visakhapatnam is the ninth-largest contributor to India's overall gross domestic product as of 2016. Visakhapatnam's history stretches back to the 6th century BCE, when it was considered a part of the Kalinga Kingdom, and later ruled by the Vengi, the Pallava and Eastern Ganga dynasties. Archaeological records suggest that the present city was built around the 11th and 12th centuries with control over the city fluctuating between the Chola Dynasty and the Gajapati Kingdom, until its conquest by the Vijayanagara Empire in the 15th century. Conquered by the Mughals in the 16th century, European powers eventually set up trading interests in the city, and by the end of the 18th century it had come under French rule. Control passed to the British in 1804 and it remained under British colonial rule until India's independence in 1947. The city is home to the oldest shipyard and the only natural harbour on the east coast of India. Visakhapatnam Port is the fifth-busiest cargo port in India, and the city is home to the headquarters of the Indian Navy's Eastern Command. Visakhapatnam is a major tourist destination and is particularly known for its beaches. It is referred to by many nicknames such asThe City of Destiny and The Jewel of the East Coast. It has been selected as one of the Indian cities to be developed as a smart city under the Smart Cities Mission. As per the Swachhta Sarvekshan rankings of 2017, it is the third cleanest city in India.

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Wireless Planning & Coordination Wing

The Wireless Planning & Coordination Wing (WPC) is a branch of Department of Telecommunications coming under the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology of the Government of India.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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WorldRadio

WorldRadio was a monthly amateur radio enthusiast magazine published in Asheville, North Carolina, United States from July, 1971 to November, 2008.

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Yagi–Uda antenna

A Yagi–Uda antenna, commonly known as a Yagi antenna, is a directional antenna consisting of multiple parallel elements in a line, usually half-wave dipoles made of metal rods.

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1993 Latur earthquake

The 1993 Latur earthquake struck India at 3:56 am local time (UTC+05:30) on 30 September.

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2001 Gujarat earthquake

The 2001 Gujarat earthquake, also known as the Bhuj earthquake, occurred on 26 January, India's 51st Republic Day, at and lasted for over 2 minutes.

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2004 Indian Ocean earthquake and tsunami

The 2004 Indian Ocean earthquake occurred at 00:58:53 UTC on 26 December with the epicentre off the west coast of Sumatra, Indonesia.

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Amateur Radio in India, Amateur Station Operator's Certificate, Amateur Station Operator's Certificate in India, Amateur Station Operator's Licence, Amateur radio in india, Amateur radio licensing in India, Amateur radio licensing in india, Ham radio in India.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amateur_radio_in_India

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