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Antimetabolite

Index Antimetabolite

An antimetabolite is a chemical that inhibits the use of a metabolite, which is another chemical that is part of normal metabolism. [1]

66 relations: Adenosine, Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, Antibiotic, Antifolate, Antinutrient, Apoptosis, Azathioprine, Bleomycin, Cancer, Capecitabine, Cell cycle, Cell division, Cell growth, Chemotherapy, Cytarabine, Cytosine, Cytostasis, Dacryocystorhinostomy, Dactinomycin, Daunorubicin, Dihydrofolic acid, Doxorubicin, Enzyme, Enzyme inhibitor, Epirubicin, Fibrosis, Floxuridine, Fludarabine, Fluorouracil, Folate, Gemcitabine, Glaucoma, Guanosine, Hydroxycarbamide, Idarubicin, Mercaptopurine, Metabolism, Metabolite, Methotrexate, Mitomycin C, Mitomycins, Mitoxantrone, Nasolacrimal duct obstruction, Nucleic acid, Nucleobase, Nucleoside, Nucleoside analogue, Nucleotide, Pemetrexed, Phosphate, ..., Pterygium, Purine, Purine analogue, Pyrimidine, Pyrimidine analogue, Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor, S phase, Sugar, Sulfanilamide, Thymidine, Thymidylate synthase, Thymine, Trabeculectomy, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Uracil, 4-Aminobenzoic acid. Expand index (16 more) »

Adenosine

Adenosine is both a chemical found in many living systems and a medication.

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Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System

The Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC) Classification System is used for the classification of active ingredients of drugs according to the organ or system on which they act and their therapeutic, pharmacological and chemical properties.

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Antibiotic

An antibiotic (from ancient Greek αντιβιοτικά, antibiotiká), also called an antibacterial, is a type of antimicrobial drug used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections.

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Antifolate

Antifolates are a class of antimetabolite medications that antagonise (that is, block) the actions of folic acid (vitamin B9).

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Antinutrient

Antinutrients are natural or synthetic compounds that interfere with the absorption of nutrients.

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.

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Azathioprine

Azathioprine (AZA), sold under the brand name Imuran among others, is an immunosuppressive medication.

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Bleomycin

Bleomycin is a medication used to treat cancer. This includes Hodgkin's lymphoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, testicular cancer, ovarian cancer, and cervical cancer among others. Typically used with other cancer medications, it can be given intravenously, by injection into a muscle or under the skin. It may also be administered inside the chest to help prevent the recurrence of a fluid around the lung due to cancer; however talc is better for this. Common side effects include fever, weight loss, vomiting, and rash. A severe type of anaphylaxis may occur. It may also cause inflammation of the lungs that can result in lung scarring. Chest X-rays every couple of weeks are recommended to check for this. Bleomycin may cause harm to the baby if used during pregnancy. It is believed to primarily work by preventing the making of DNA. Bleomycin was discovered in 1962. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines, the most effective and safe medicines needed in a health system. It is available as a generic medication. The wholesale cost in the developing world is between 14 USD and 78 USD a dose. It is made by the bacterium Streptomyces verticillus.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Capecitabine

Capecitabine, sold under the brand name Xeloda among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat breast cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer.

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Cell cycle

The cell cycle or cell-division cycle is the series of events that take place in a cell leading to its division and duplication of its DNA (DNA replication) to produce two daughter cells.

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Cell division

Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.

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Cell growth

The term cell growth is used in the contexts of biological cell development and cell division (reproduction).

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Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.

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Cytarabine

Cytarabine, also known as cytosine arabinoside (ara-C), is a chemotherapy medication used to treat acute myeloid leukemia (AML), acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL), chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

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Cytosine

Cytosine (C) is one of the four main bases found in DNA and RNA, along with adenine, guanine, and thymine (uracil in RNA).

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Cytostasis

Cytostasis (cyto – cell; stasis – stoppage) is the inhibition of cell growth and multiplication.

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Dacryocystorhinostomy

Dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is a surgical procedure to restore the flow of tears into the nose from the lacrimal sac when the nasolacrimal duct does not function.

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Dactinomycin

Dactinomycin, also known as actinomycin D, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer.

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Daunorubicin

Daunorubicin, also known as daunomycin, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer.

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Dihydrofolic acid

Dihydrofolic acid (conjugate base dihydrofolate) (DHF) is a folic acid (vitamin B9) derivative which is converted to tetrahydrofolic acid by dihydrofolate reductase.

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Doxorubicin

Doxorubicin, sold under the trade names Adriamycin among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat cancer.

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Enzyme

Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.

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Enzyme inhibitor

4QI9) An enzyme inhibitor is a molecule that binds to an enzyme and decreases its activity.

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Epirubicin

Epirubicin is an anthracycline drug used for chemotherapy.

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Fibrosis

Fibrosis is the formation of excess fibrous connective tissue in an organ or tissue in a reparative or reactive process.

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Floxuridine

Floxuridine (also 5-fluorodeoxyuridine) is an oncology drug that belongs to the class known as antimetabolites.

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Fludarabine

Fludarabine, sold under the brand name Fludara among others, is a chemotherapy medication used in the treatment of leukemia and lymphoma.

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Fluorouracil

Fluorouracil (5-FU), sold under the brand name Adrucil among others, is a medication used to treat cancer.

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Folate

Folate, distinct forms of which are known as folic acid, folacin, and vitamin B9, is one of the B vitamins.

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Gemcitabine

Gemcitabine, sold under the brand name Gemzar, among others, is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of types of cancer.

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Glaucoma

Glaucoma is a group of eye diseases which result in damage to the optic nerve and vision loss.

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Guanosine

Guanosine is a purine nucleoside comprising guanine attached to a ribose (ribofuranose) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond.

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Hydroxycarbamide

Hydroxycarbamide, also known as hydroxyurea, is a medication used in sickle-cell disease, chronic myelogenous leukemia, cervical cancer, and polycythemia vera.

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Idarubicin

Idarubicin or 4-demethoxydaunorubicin is an anthracycline antileukemic drug.

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Mercaptopurine

Mercaptopurine (6-MP), sold under the brand name Purinethol among others, is a medication used for cancer and autoimmune diseases.

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Metabolism

Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of organisms.

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Metabolite

A metabolite is the intermediate end product of metabolism.

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Methotrexate

Methotrexate (MTX), formerly known as amethopterin, is a chemotherapy agent and immune system suppressant.

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Mitomycin C

Mitomycin C is a mitomycin that is used as a chemotherapeutic agent by virtue of its antitumour activity.

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Mitomycins

The mitomycins are a family of aziridine-containing natural products isolated from Streptomyces caespitosus or Streptomyces lavendulae. They include mitomycin A, mitomycin B, and mitomycin C. When the name mitomycin occurs alone, it usually refers to mitomycin C, its international nonproprietary name.

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Mitoxantrone

Mitoxantrone (INN, BAN, USAN; also known as Mitozantrone in Australia; trade name Novantrone) is an anthracenedione antineoplastic agent.

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Nasolacrimal duct obstruction

Nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) is the obstruction of nasolacrimal duct and may be either congenital or acquired.

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Nucleic acid

Nucleic acids are biopolymers, or small biomolecules, essential to all known forms of life.

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Nucleobase

Nucleobases, also known as nitrogenous bases or often simply bases, are nitrogen-containing biological compounds that form nucleosides, which in turn are components of nucleotides, with all of these monomers constituting the basic building blocks of nucleic acids.

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Nucleoside

Nucleosides are glycosylamines that can be thought of as nucleotides without a phosphate group.

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Nucleoside analogue

Nucleoside analogues are nucleosides which contain a nucleic acid analogue and a sugar.

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Nucleotide

Nucleotides are organic molecules that serve as the monomer units for forming the nucleic acid polymers deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA), both of which are essential biomolecules within all life-forms on Earth.

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Pemetrexed

Pemetrexed (brand name Alimta) is a chemotherapy drug manufactured and marketed by Eli Lilly and Company.

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Phosphate

A phosphate is chemical derivative of phosphoric acid.

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Pterygium

Pterygium refers to any winglike triangular membrane occurring in the neck, eyes, knees, elbows, ankles or digits.

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Purine

A purine is a heterocyclic aromatic organic compound that consists of a pyrimidine ring fused to an imidazole ring.

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Purine analogue

Purine analogues are antimetabolites that mimic the structure of metabolic purines.

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Pyrimidine

Pyrimidine is an aromatic heterocyclic organic compound similar to pyridine.

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Pyrimidine analogue

Pyrimidine analogues are nucleoside analog antimetabolites which mimic the structure of metabolic pyrimidines.

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Reverse-transcriptase inhibitor

Reverse-transcriptase inhibitors (RTIs) are a class of antiretroviral drugs used to treat HIV infection or AIDS, and in some cases hepatitis B. RTIs inhibit activity of reverse transcriptase, a viral DNA polymerase that is required for replication of HIV and other retroviruses.

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S phase

S phase (synthesis phase) is the part of the cell cycle in which DNA is replicated, occurring between G1 phase and G2 phase.

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Sugar

Sugar is the generic name for sweet-tasting, soluble carbohydrates, many of which are used in food.

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Sulfanilamide

Sulfanilamide (also spelled sulphanilamide) is a sulfonamide antibacterial.

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Thymidine

Thymidine (deoxythymidine; other names deoxyribosylthymine, thymine deoxyriboside) is a pyrimidine deoxynucleoside.

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Thymidylate synthase

Thymidylate synthetase is an enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of deoxyuridine monophosphate (dUMP) to deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP).

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Thymine

---> Thymine (T, Thy) is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of DNA that are represented by the letters G–C–A–T.

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Trabeculectomy

Trabeculectomy is a surgical procedure used in the treatment of glaucoma to relieve intraocular pressure by removing part of the eye's trabecular meshwork and adjacent structures.

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University of Nebraska–Lincoln

The University of Nebraska–Lincoln, often referred to as Nebraska, UNL or NU, is a public research university in the city of Lincoln, in the state of Nebraska in the Midwestern United States.

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Uracil

Uracil (U) is one of the four nucleobases in the nucleic acid of RNA that are represented by the letters A, G, C and U. The others are adenine (A), cytosine (C), and guanine (G).

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4-Aminobenzoic acid

4-Aminobenzoic acid (also known as para-aminobenzoic acid or PABA because the number 4 carbon in the benzene ring is also known as the para position) is an organic compound with the formula H2NC6H4CO2H.

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Anti-metabolite, Antimetabolic agent, Antimetabolites, Antimetabolites, antineoplastic, Antimetabolitic agent, Metabolic disruptor.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Antimetabolite

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