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Macintosh operating systems

Index Macintosh operating systems

The family of Macintosh operating systems developed by Apple Inc. includes the graphical user interface-based operating systems it has designed for use with its Macintosh series of personal computers since 1984, as well as the related system software it once created for compatible third-party systems. [1]

138 relations: A/ROSE, A/UX, Access control, AIM alliance, Apple DOS, Apple GS/OS, Apple II series, Apple III, Apple Inc., Apple Lisa, Apple Newton, Apple ProDOS, Apple SOS, Apple TV, Apple Watch, Apple Worldwide Developers Conference, Application software, Aqua (user interface), Ars Technica, Berkeley Software Distribution, Cairo (operating system), Classic Mac OS, Code name, Comparison of operating systems, Computer file, Computer multitasking, Condé Nast, Cooperative multitasking, Copland (operating system), Darwin (operating system), Death march (project management), Desktop computer, Desktop metaphor, Directory (computing), DR-DOS, Embedded operating system, Emulator, Expansion card, Extension (Mac OS), Federal government of the United States, File deletion, File folder, Finder (software), Graphical user interface, Hewlett-Packard, History of the graphical user interface, IBM, Icon (computing), Intel, IOS, ..., IPad, IPhone, IPod Touch, Linux, Linux kernel, List of Macintosh software, Look and feel, Mac OS 8, Mac OS 9, Mac OS memory management, Mac OS X 10.0, Mac OS X 10.1, Mac OS X 10.2, Mac OS X Leopard, Mac OS X Lion, Mac OS X Panther, Mac OS X Public Beta, Mac OS X Server 1.0, Mac OS X Snow Leopard, Mac OS X Tiger, Mach (kernel), Macintosh, Macintosh 128K, Macintosh Application Environment, Macintosh clone, MacOS, MacOS High Sierra, MacOS Mojave, MacOS Server, MacOS Sierra, MacOS version history, MacWorks XL, Macworld, Memory protection, Menu bar, Microsoft, MkLinux, Mobile device, Monolithic system, Multithreading (computer architecture), Newton OS, NeXT, NeXTSTEP, No Starch Press, Novell, NuBus, Object-oriented operating system, Open Software Foundation, Open-source model, OpenStep, Operating system, OS X El Capitan, OS X Mavericks, OS X Mountain Lion, OS X Yosemite, PARC (company), Personal computer, Personal digital assistant, Portmanteau, POSIX, PowerPC, QuickTime, Rhapsody (operating system), Server (computing), Set-top box, Shell (computing), SPARCstation, Star Trek project, Steve Jobs, Sun Microsystems, System 1, System 6, System 7, System software, Taligent, Third-party software component, Trash (computing), TvOS, Unix, Unix-like, WatchOS, Window (computing), Windows 3.0, Workstation, X Window System, X86, Xerox Alto, XNU. Expand index (88 more) »

A/ROSE

A/ROSE (the Apple Real-time Operating System Environment) is a small embedded operating system that runs on Apple Computer's "Macintosh Coprocessor Platform", an expansion card for the Apple Macintosh.

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A/UX

A/UX is a discontinued Apple Computer implementation of the Unix operating system for some of its Macintosh computers.

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Access control

In the fields of physical security and information security, access control (AC) is the selective restriction of access to a place or other resource.

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AIM alliance

The AIM alliance was formed on October 2, 1991, between Apple Inc. (then Apple Computer), IBM, and Motorola to create a new computing standard based on the PowerPC architecture.

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Apple DOS

Apple DOS is the family of disk operating systems for the Apple II series of microcomputers from late 1978 through early 1983.

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Apple GS/OS

GS/OS is an operating system developed by Apple Computer for its Apple IIGS personal computer that uses the ProDOS filing system.

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Apple II series

The Apple II series (trademarked with square brackets as "Apple.

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Apple III

The Apple III (often styled as apple ///) is a business-oriented personal computer produced and released by Apple Computer in 1980.

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Apple Inc.

Apple Inc. is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Cupertino, California, that designs, develops, and sells consumer electronics, computer software, and online services.

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Apple Lisa

The Apple Lisa is a desktop computer developed by Apple, released on January 19, 1983.

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Apple Newton

The Newton is a series of personal digital assistants (PDA) developed and marketed by Apple Computer, Inc. An early device in the PDA category – the Newton originated the term "personal digital assistant" – it was the first to feature handwriting recognition.

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Apple ProDOS

ProDOS is the name of two similar operating systems for the Apple II series of personal computers.

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Apple SOS

The Sophisticated Operating System, or SOS, is the primary operating system developed for the Apple III computer.

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Apple TV

Apple TV is a digital media player and microconsole developed and sold by Apple Inc. It is a small network appliance and entertainment device that can receive digital data from a number of sources and stream to a capable television.

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Apple Watch

Apple Watch is a line of smartwatches designed, developed, and marketed by Apple Inc. It incorporates fitness tracking and health-oriented capabilities with integration with iOS and other Apple products and services.

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Apple Worldwide Developers Conference

The Apple Worldwide Developers Conference (WWDC) is a conference held annually by Apple Inc. in San Jose, California.

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Application software

An application software (app or application for short) is a computer software designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user.

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Aqua (user interface)

Aqua is the graphical user interface (GUI) and visual theme of Apple's macOS operating system.

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Ars Technica

Ars Technica (a Latin-derived term that the site translates as the "art of technology") is a website covering news and opinions in technology, science, politics, and society, created by Ken Fisher and Jon Stokes in 1998.

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Berkeley Software Distribution

Berkeley Software Distribution (BSD) was a Unix operating system derivative developed and distributed by the Computer Systems Research Group (CSRG) of the University of California, Berkeley, from 1977 to 1995.

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Cairo (operating system)

Cairo was the code name for a project at Microsoft from 1991 to 1996.

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Classic Mac OS

Classic Mac OS is a colloquial term used to describe a series of operating systems developed for the Macintosh family of personal computers by Apple Inc. from 1984 until 2001.

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Code name

A code name or cryptonym is a word or name used, sometimes clandestinely, to refer to another name, word, project or person.

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Comparison of operating systems

These tables provide a comparison of operating systems, of computer devices, as listing general and technical information for a number of widely used and currently available PC or handheld (including smartphone and tablet computer) operating systems.

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Computer file

A computer file is a computer resource for recording data discretely in a computer storage device.

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Computer multitasking

In computing, multitasking is the concurrent execution of multiple tasks (also known as processes) over a certain period of time.

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Condé Nast

Condé Nast Inc. is an American mass media company founded in 1909 by Condé Montrose Nast, based at One World Trade Center and owned by Advance Publications.

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Cooperative multitasking

Cooperative multitasking, also known as non-preemptive multitasking, is a style of computer multitasking in which the operating system never initiates a context switch from a running process to another process.

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Copland (operating system)

Copland is an unreleased operating system prototype for Apple Macintosh computers of the late 1990s, intended to be released as the modern System 8 successor to the aging but venerable System 7.

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Darwin (operating system)

Darwin is an open-source Unix operating system first released by Apple Inc. in 2000.

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Death march (project management)

In project management, a death march is a project that the participants feel is destined to fail, or that requires a stretch of unsustainable overwork.

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Desktop computer

A desktop computer is a personal computer designed for regular use at a single location on or near a desk or table due to its size and power requirements.

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Desktop metaphor

In computing, the desktop metaphor is an interface metaphor which is a set of unifying concepts used by graphical user interfaces to help users interact more easily with the computer.

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Directory (computing)

In computing, a directory is a file system cataloging structure which contains references to other computer files, and possibly other directories.

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DR-DOS

DR-DOS (DR DOS, without hyphen up to and including version 6.0) is an operating system of the DOS family, written for IBM PC-compatible personal computers.

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Embedded operating system

An embedded operating system is an operating system for embedded computer systems.

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Emulator

In computing, an emulator is hardware or software that enables one computer system (called the host) to behave like another computer system (called the guest).

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Expansion card

In computing, the expansion card, expansion board, adapter card or accessory card is a printed circuit board that can be inserted into an electrical connector, or expansion slot, on a computer motherboard, backplane or riser card to add functionality to a computer system via the expansion bus.

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Extension (Mac OS)

On the classic Mac OS (the original Apple Macintosh operating system), extensions were small pieces of code that extended the system's functionality.

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Federal government of the United States

The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government) is the national government of the United States, a constitutional republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D.C. (the nation's capital), and several territories.

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File deletion

File deletion is a way of removing a file from a computer's file system.

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File folder

A file folder (US usage) (or folder in British and Australian usage) is a kind of folder that holds loose papers and money together for organization and protection.

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Finder (software)

The Finder is the default file manager and graphical user interface shell used on all Macintosh operating systems.

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Graphical user interface

The graphical user interface (GUI), is a type of user interface that allows users to interact with electronic devices through graphical icons and visual indicators such as secondary notation, instead of text-based user interfaces, typed command labels or text navigation.

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Hewlett-Packard

The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

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History of the graphical user interface

The history of the graphical user interface, understood as the use of graphic icons and a pointing device to control a computer, covers a five-decade span of incremental refinements, built on some constant core principles.

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IBM

The International Business Machines Corporation (IBM) is an American multinational technology company headquartered in Armonk, New York, United States, with operations in over 170 countries.

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Icon (computing)

In computing, an icon is a pictogram or ideogram displayed on a computer screen in order to help the user navigate a computer system or mobile device.

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Intel

Intel Corporation (stylized as intel) is an American multinational corporation and technology company headquartered in Santa Clara, California, in the Silicon Valley.

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IOS

iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware.

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IPad

iPad is a line of tablet computers designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc., which run the iOS mobile operating system.

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IPhone

iPhone is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The iPhone line of products use Apple's iOS mobile operating system software.

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IPod Touch

The iPod Touch (stylized and marketed as iPod touch) is an iOS-based all-purpose mobile device designed and marketed by Apple Inc. with a touchscreen-controlled user interface.

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Linux

Linux is a family of free and open-source software operating systems built around the Linux kernel.

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Linux kernel

The Linux kernel is an open-source monolithic Unix-like computer operating system kernel.

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List of Macintosh software

The following is a list of Macintosh software—notable computer applications for current macOS systems.

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Look and feel

In software design, look and feel is a term used in respect of a graphical user interface and comprises aspects of its design, including elements such as colors, shapes, layout, and typefaces (the "look"), as well as the behavior of dynamic elements such as buttons, boxes, and menus (the "feel").

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Mac OS 8

Mac OS 8 is an operating system that was released by Apple Computer, Inc. on July 26, 1997.

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Mac OS 9

Mac OS 9 is the ninth and final major release of Apple's classic Mac OS operating system.

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Mac OS memory management

Historically, the classic Mac OS used a form of memory management that has fallen out of favor in modern systems.

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Mac OS X 10.0

Mac OS X version 10.0 (code named Cheetah) is the first major release of Mac OS X (later named OS X and then macOS), Apple’s desktop and server operating system.

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Mac OS X 10.1

Mac OS X 10.1 (code named Puma) is the second major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system.

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Mac OS X 10.2

Mac OS X Jaguar (version 10.2) is the third major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system.

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Mac OS X Leopard

Mac OS X Leopard (version 10.5) is the sixth major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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Mac OS X Lion

Mac OS X Lion (version 10.7) is the eighth major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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Mac OS X Panther

Mac OS X Panther (version 10.3) is the fourth major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple’s desktop and server operating system.

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Mac OS X Public Beta

The Mac OS X Public Beta (internally code named "Kodiak") was the first publicly available version of Apple Computer's Mac OS X (now named macOS) operating system Cheetah to feature the Aqua user interface.

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Mac OS X Server 1.0

Mac OS X Server 1.0, released on March 16, 1999, is the first operating system released into the retail market by Apple Computer based on NeXT technology.

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Mac OS X Snow Leopard

Mac OS X Snow Leopard (version 10.6) is the seventh major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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Mac OS X Tiger

Mac OS X Tiger (version 10.4) is the fifth major release of Mac OS X (now named macOS), Apple's desktop and server operating system for Mac computers.

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Mach (kernel)

Mach is a kernel developed at Carnegie Mellon University to support operating system research, primarily distributed and parallel computing.

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Macintosh

The Macintosh (pronounced as; branded as Mac since 1998) is a family of personal computers designed, manufactured, and sold by Apple Inc. since January 1984.

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Macintosh 128K

The Macintosh 128K, originally released as the Apple Macintosh, is the original Apple Macintosh personal computer.

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Macintosh Application Environment

The Macintosh Application Environment (MAE) is a software package introduced by Apple Computer in 1994 which allows users of certain Unix-based computer workstations to run application software designed for classic Mac OS.

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Macintosh clone

The earliest Mac clones were based on Emulators and reverse-engineered Macintosh ROMs.

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MacOS

macOS (previously and later) is a series of graphical operating systems developed and marketed by Apple Inc. since 2001.

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MacOS High Sierra

macOS High Sierra (version 10.13) is the fourteenth major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop operating system for Macintosh computers.

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MacOS Mojave

macOS Mojave (version 10.14) is the upcoming fifteenth major release of macOS, Apple Inc.'s desktop operating system for Macintosh computers.

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MacOS Server

macOS Server, formerly Mac OS X Server and OS X Server, is a separately sold operating system add-on which provides additional server programs along with management and administration tools for macOS.

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MacOS Sierra

macOS Sierra (version 10.12) is the thirteenth major release of macOS (previously), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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MacOS version history

The history of macOS, Apple's current Mac operating system originally named Mac OS X until 2012 and then OS X until 2016, began with the company's project to replace its "classic" Mac OS.

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MacWorks XL

MacWorks XL was an Apple Lisa computer program which shipped with the Macintosh XL.

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Macworld

Macworld is a web site dedicated to products and software of Apple Inc., published by Mac Publishing, which is headquartered in San Francisco, California.

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Memory protection

Memory protection is a way to control memory access rights on a computer, and is a part of most modern instruction set architectures and operating systems.

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Menu bar

A menu bar is a graphical control element which contains drop-down menus.

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Microsoft

Microsoft Corporation (abbreviated as MS) is an American multinational technology company with headquarters in Redmond, Washington.

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MkLinux

MkLinux is an open source computer operating system started by the Open Software Foundation Research Institute and Apple Computer in February 1996 to port Linux to the PowerPC platform, and Macintosh computers.

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Mobile device

A mobile device (or handheld computer) is a computing device small enough to hold and operate in the hand.

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Monolithic system

Monolithic system can have different meanings in the contexts of computer software and hardware.

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Multithreading (computer architecture)

In computer architecture, multithreading is the ability of a central processing unit (CPU) or a single core in a multi-core processor to execute multiple processes or threads concurrently, appropriately supported by the operating system.

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Newton OS

Newton OS is the discontinued operating system for the Apple Newton PDAs produced by Apple Computer, Inc. from 1993–1997.

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NeXT

NeXT (later NeXT Computer and NeXT Software) was an American computer and software company founded in 1985 by Apple Computer co-founder Steve Jobs.

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NeXTSTEP

NeXTSTEP is a discontinued object-oriented, multitasking operating system based on UNIX.

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No Starch Press

No Starch Press is an American publishing company, specializing in technical literature often geared towards the geek, hacker, and DIY subcultures.

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Novell

Novell, Inc. was a software and services company headquartered in Provo, Utah.

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NuBus

NuBus (pron. 'New Bus') is a 32-bit parallel computer bus, originally developed at MIT and standardized in 1987 as a part of the NuMachine workstation project.

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Object-oriented operating system

An object-oriented operating system is an operating system that uses object-oriented design principles.

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Open Software Foundation

The Open Software Foundation (OSF) was a not-for-profit organization founded in 1988 under the U.S. National Cooperative Research Act of 1984 to create an open standard for an implementation of the UNIX operating system.

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Open-source model

The open-source model is a decentralized software-development model that encourages open collaboration.

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OpenStep

OpenStep is an object-oriented application programming interface (API) specification for a legacy object-oriented operating system, with the basic goal of offering a NeXTSTEP-like environment on a non-NeXTSTEP operating system.

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Operating system

An operating system (OS) is system software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs.

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OS X El Capitan

OS X El Capitan (version 10.11) is the twelfth major release of OS X (now named macOS), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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OS X Mavericks

OS X Mavericks (version 10.9) is the tenth major release of OS X (now named macOS), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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OS X Mountain Lion

OS X Mountain Lion (version 10.8) is the ninth major release of OS X (now named macOS), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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OS X Yosemite

OS X Yosemite (version 10.10) is the eleventh major release of OS X (now named macOS), Apple Inc.'s desktop and server operating system for Macintosh computers.

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PARC (company)

PARC (Palo Alto Research Center; formerly Xerox PARC) is a research and development company in Palo Alto, California, with a distinguished reputation for its contributions to information technology and hardware systems.

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Personal computer

A personal computer (PC) is a multi-purpose computer whose size, capabilities, and price make it feasible for individual use.

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Personal digital assistant

A personal digital assistant (PDA), also known as a handheld PC, is a variety mobile device which functions as a personal information manager.

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Portmanteau

A portmanteau or portmanteau word is a linguistic blend of words,, p. 644 in which parts of multiple words or their phones (sounds) are combined into a new word, as in smog, coined by blending smoke and fog, or motel, from motor and hotel.

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POSIX

The Portable Operating System Interface (POSIX) is a family of standards specified by the IEEE Computer Society for maintaining compatibility between operating systems.

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PowerPC

PowerPC (with the backronym Performance Optimization With Enhanced RISC – Performance Computing, sometimes abbreviated as PPC) is a reduced instruction set computing (RISC) instruction set architecture (ISA) created by the 1991 Apple–IBM–Motorola alliance, known as AIM.

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QuickTime

QuickTime is an extensible multimedia framework developed by Apple Inc., capable of handling various formats of digital video, picture, sound, panoramic images, and interactivity.

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Rhapsody (operating system)

Rhapsody was the code name given to Apple Computer's next-generation operating system during the period of its development between Apple's purchase of NeXT in late 1996 and the announcement of Mac OS X (now called "macOS") in 1998.

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Server (computing)

In computing, a server is a computer program or a device that provides functionality for other programs or devices, called "clients".

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Set-top box

A set-top box (STB) or set-top unit (STU) (one type also colloquially known as a cable box) is an information appliance device that generally contains a TV-tuner input and displays output to a television set and an external source of signal, turning the source signal into content in a form that then be displayed on the television screen or other display device.

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Shell (computing)

In computing, a shell is a user interface for access to an operating system's services.

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SPARCstation

The SPARCstation, SPARCserver and SPARCcenter product lines were a series of SPARC-based computer workstations and servers in desktop, desk side (pedestal) and rack-based form factor configurations, developed and sold by Sun Microsystems.

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Star Trek project

Star Trek is the code name that was given to a secret prototype project, running a port of Mac OS 7 and its applications on Intel-compatible x86 personal computers.

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Steve Jobs

Steven Paul Jobs (February 24, 1955 – October 5, 2011) was an American entrepreneur and business magnate.

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Sun Microsystems

Sun Microsystems, Inc. was an American company that sold computers, computer components, software, and information technology services and created the Java programming language, the Solaris operating system, ZFS, the Network File System (NFS), and SPARC.

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System 1

"System 1" is the first Apple Macintosh operating system version and the beginning of the classic Mac OS series.

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System 6

System 6 (also referred to as System Software 6) is a graphical user interface-based operating system for Macintosh computers.

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System 7

System 7 (codenamed "Big Bang" and sometimes retrospectively called Mac OS 7) is a graphical user interface-based operating system for Macintosh computers and is part of the classic Mac OS series of operating systems.

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System software

System software is computer software designed to provide a platform to other software.

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Taligent

Taligent (a portmanteau of talent and intelligent)"", The Register, 3 October 2008 is the name of an object-oriented operating system, and the company that was dedicated to producing it.

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Third-party software component

In computer programming, a third-party software component is a reusable software component developed to be either freely distributed or sold by an entity other than the original vendor of the development platform.

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Trash (computing)

In computing, the Trash (also known as the Recycle Bin in Windows and by other names in other operating systems) is temporary storage for files that have been deleted in a file manager by the user, but not yet permanently erased from the file system.

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TvOS

tvOS is an operating system developed by Apple Inc. for the fourth-generation and later Apple TV digital media player.

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Unix

Unix (trademarked as UNIX) is a family of multitasking, multiuser computer operating systems that derive from the original AT&T Unix, development starting in the 1970s at the Bell Labs research center by Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, and others.

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Unix-like

A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X or *nix) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, while not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification.

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WatchOS

watchOS is the mobile operating system of the Apple Watch, developed by Apple Inc. It is based on the iOS operating system and has many similar features.

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Window (computing)

In computing, a window is a graphical control element.

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Windows 3.0

Windows 3.0, a graphical environment, is the third major release of Microsoft Windows, and was released on May 22, 1990.

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Workstation

A workstation is a special computer designed for technical or scientific applications.

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X Window System

The X Window System (X11, or shortened to simply X) is a windowing system for bitmap displays, common on UNIX-like computer operating systems.

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X86

x86 is a family of backward-compatible instruction set architectures based on the Intel 8086 CPU and its Intel 8088 variant.

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Xerox Alto

The Xerox Alto is the first computer designed from its inception to support an operating system based on a graphical user interface (GUI), later using the desktop metaphor.

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XNU

XNU is the computer operating system kernel developed at Apple Inc. since December 1996 for use in the macOS operating system and released as free and open-source software as part of the Darwin operating system.

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Redirects here:

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macintosh_operating_systems

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