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32 relations: Accommodation reflex, Binocular vision, Central pain syndrome, Cholinergic, Circadian rhythm, Edinger–Westphal nucleus, Forebrain, Gamma-Aminobutyric acid, Inferior olivary nucleus, Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells, Lateral geniculate nucleus, List of regions in the human brain, Midbrain, Nociception, Nucleus prepositus, Oculomotor nerve, Optokinetic response, Periaqueductal gray, Pons, Posterior commissure, Posterior grey column, Pulvinar nuclei, Pupillary light reflex, Reticular formation, Retina, Serotonergic, Somatosensory system, Superior colliculus, Suprachiasmatic nucleus, Thalamus, Vertebrate, Vestibular exam.
Accommodation reflex
The accommodation reflex (or accommodation-convergence reflex) is a reflex action of the eye, in response to focusing on a near object, then looking at a distant object (and vice versa), comprising coordinated changes in vergence, lens shape and pupil size (accommodation).
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Binocular vision
In biology, binocular vision is a type of vision in which an animal having two eyes is able to perceive a single three-dimensional image of its surroundings.
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Central pain syndrome
Central pain syndrome is a neurological condition caused by damage or malfunction in the Central Nervous System (CNS) which causes a sensitization of the pain system.
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Cholinergic
In general, the word choline refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the ''N'',''N'',''N''-trimethylethanolammonium cation.
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Circadian rhythm
A circadian rhythm is any biological process that displays an endogenous, entrainable oscillation of about 24 hours.
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Edinger–Westphal nucleus
The Edinger–Westphal nucleus (accessory oculomotor nucleus) is the parasympathetic pre-ganglionic nucleus that innervates the iris sphincter muscle and the ciliary muscle.
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Forebrain
In the anatomy of the brain of vertebrates, the forebrain or prosencephalon is the rostral-most (forward-most) portion of the brain.
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Gamma-Aminobutyric acid
gamma-Aminobutyric acid, or γ-aminobutyric acid, or GABA, is the chief inhibitory neurotransmitter in the mammalian central nervous system.
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Inferior olivary nucleus
The inferior olivary nucleus (ION), is an evolutionarily conserved structure found in the medulla oblongata underneath the superior olivary nucleus.
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Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells
Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs), also called photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (pRGC), or melanopsin-containing retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs), are a type of neuron in the retina of the mammalian eye.
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Lateral geniculate nucleus
The lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN; also called the lateral geniculate body or lateral geniculate complex) is a relay center in the thalamus for the visual pathway.
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List of regions in the human brain
The human brain anatomical regions are ordered following standard neuroanatomy hierarchies.
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Midbrain
The midbrain or mesencephalon (from Greek mesos 'middle', and enkephalos 'brain') is a portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.
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Nociception
Nociception (also nocioception or nociperception, from Latin nocere 'to harm or hurt') is the sensory nervous system's response to certain harmful or potentially harmful stimuli.
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Nucleus prepositus
Located in the caudal pons and upper medulla oblongata, the nucleus prepositus (also nucleus prepositus hypoglossi) is part of the horizontal gaze holding system.
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Oculomotor nerve
The oculomotor nerve is the third cranial nerve.
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Optokinetic response
The optokinetic response is a combination of a slow-phase and fast-phase eye movements.
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Periaqueductal gray
The periaqueductal gray (PAG, also known as the central gray) is the primary control center for descending pain modulation.
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Pons
The pons (Latin for "bridge") is part of the brainstem, and in humans and other bipeds lies inferior to the midbrain, superior to the medulla oblongata and anterior to the cerebellum.
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Posterior commissure
The posterior commissure (also known as the epithalamic commissure) is a rounded band of white fibers crossing the middle line on the dorsal aspect of the upper end of the cerebral aqueduct.
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Posterior grey column
The posterior grey column (posterior cornu, dorsal horn, spinal dorsal horn posterior horn) of the spinal cord is one of the three grey columns of the spinal cord.
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Pulvinar nuclei
The pulvinar nuclei or nuclei of the pulvinar (nuclei pulvinares) are the nuclei (cell bodies of neurons) located in the thalamus (a part of the vertebrate brain).
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Pupillary light reflex
The pupillary light reflex (PLR) or photopupillary reflex is a reflex that controls the diameter of the pupil, in response to the intensity (luminance) of light that falls on the retinal ganglion cells of the retina in the back of the eye, thereby assisting in adaptation to various levels of lightness/darkness.
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Reticular formation
The reticular formation is a set of interconnected nuclei that are located throughout the brainstem.
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Retina
The retina is the innermost, light-sensitive "coat", or layer, of shell tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.
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Serotonergic
Serotonergic or serotoninergic means "pertaining to or affecting serotonin".
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Somatosensory system
The somatosensory system is a part of the sensory nervous system.
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Superior colliculus
The superior colliculus (Latin, upper hill) is a paired structure of the mammalian midbrain.
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Suprachiasmatic nucleus
The suprachiasmatic nucleus or nuclei (SCN) is a tiny region of the brain in the hypothalamus, situated directly above the optic chiasm.
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Thalamus
The thalamus (from Greek θάλαμος, "chamber") is the large mass of gray matter in the dorsal part of the diencephalon of the brain with several functions such as relaying of sensory signals, including motor signals, to the cerebral cortex, and the regulation of consciousness, sleep, and alertness.
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Vertebrate
Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).
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Vestibular exam
The Vestibular (from vestíbulo, "entrance hall") is a competitive examination and is the primary and widespread entrance system used by Brazilian universities to select the students admitted.
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Area praetectalis, Area pretectalis, Olivary pretectal nucleus, Pretectal nuclei, Pretectal nucleus, Pretectum.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pretectal_area
