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76 relations: Acid dissociation constant, Adenosine monophosphate, Adenosine triphosphate, Agmatine, Aliphatic compound, Amine, Amino acid, Ammonia, Amphiphile, Arginine alpha-ketoglutarate, Arginine and proline metabolism, Arginine glutamate, Argininosuccinate lyase, Argininosuccinate synthase, Argininosuccinic acid, Asymmetric dimethylarginine, Autoimmune disease, Beta-Methylamino-L-alanine, Birth weight, Blood pressure, Canaline, Canavanine, Carboxylic acid, Cell division, Citrullination, Citrulline, Conjugated system, Creatine, Cyanamide, Diethyl ether, DNA codon table, Endothelium, Epithelium, Ernst Schulze (chemist), Essential amino acid, Ethanol, Genetic code, Gestational hypertension, Glutamic acid, Glutamine, Growth hormone, Guanidine, Guanidinopropionic acid, Hydrogen bond, Immune system, Kidney, Lone pair, Lupinus, Methylation, Methyltransferase, ..., N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid, Nitrate, Nitric oxide, Nitric oxide synthase, Nitrite, Ornithine, Panthenol, Pantothenic acid, Polyamine, Post-translational modification, Pre-eclampsia, Precursor (chemistry), Proline, Protein catabolism, Proximal tubule, S. P. L. Sørensen, Salt bridge (protein and supramolecular), Second messenger system, Small intestine, Structural analog, Substituent, Theanine, Urea, Urea cycle, Vascular disease, Wound healing. Expand index (26 more) »
Acid dissociation constant
An acid dissociation constant, Ka, (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution.
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Adenosine monophosphate
Adenosine monophosphate (AMP), also known as 5'-adenylic acid, is a nucleotide.
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Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a complex organic chemical that participates in many processes.
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Agmatine
Agmatine, also known as (4-aminobutyl)guanidine, is an aminoguanidine that was discovered in 1910 by Albrecht Kossel.
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Aliphatic compound
In organic chemistry, hydrocarbons (compounds composed of carbon and hydrogen) are divided into two classes: aromatic compounds and aliphatic compounds (G. aleiphar, fat, oil) also known as non-aromatic compounds.
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Amine
In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.
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Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
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Ammonia
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.
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Amphiphile
An amphiphile (from the Greek αμφις, amphis: both and φιλíα, philia: love, friendship) is a chemical compound possessing both hydrophilic (water-loving, polar) and lipophilic (fat-loving) properties.
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Arginine alpha-ketoglutarate
Arginine alpha-ketoglutarate (AAKG) is a salt of the amino acid arginine and ''alpha''-ketoglutaric acid.
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Arginine and proline metabolism
Arginine and proline metabolism is one of the central pathways for the biosynthesis of the amino acids arginine and proline from glutamate.
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Arginine glutamate
Arginine glutamate (also called glutargin) is a mixture of two amino acids, 50% arginine and 50% glutamic acid, used in liver therapy.
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Argininosuccinate lyase
ASL (argininosuccinate lyase, also known as argininosuccinase) is an enzyme that catalyzes the reversible breakdown of argininosuccinate (ASA) producing the amino acid arginine and dicarboxylic acid fumarate.
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Argininosuccinate synthase
Argininosuccinate synthase or synthetase (ASS) is an enzyme that catalyzes the synthesis of argininosuccinate from citrulline and aspartate.
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Argininosuccinic acid
Argininosuccinic acid is a non-proteinogenic amino acid that is an important intermediate in the urea cycle.
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Asymmetric dimethylarginine
Asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) is a naturally occurring chemical found in blood plasma.
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Autoimmune disease
An autoimmune disease is a condition arising from an abnormal immune response to a normal body part.
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Beta-Methylamino-L-alanine
β-Methylamino-L-alanine, or BMAA, is a non-proteinogenic amino acid produced by cyanobacteria.
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Birth weight
Birth weight is the body weight of a baby at its birth.
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Blood pressure
Blood pressure (BP) is the pressure of circulating blood on the walls of blood vessels.
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Canaline
L-Canaline (IUPAC name 2-amino-4-(aminooxy)butyric acid)) is a non-proteinogenic amino acid. The compound is found in legumes that contain canavanine, from which it is produced by the action of arginase. The most common-used source for this amino acid is the jack bean, Canavalia ensiformis. L-Canaline is the only naturally occurring amino acid known that has an O-alkyl hydroxylamine functionality in the side chain. This amino acid is structurally related to ornithine (it is the 5-oxa derivative) and is a potent insecticide. Tobacco hornworm larvae fed a diet containing 2.5 mM canaline showed massive developmental aberrations, and most larvae so treated died at the pupal stage. It also exhibits potent neurotoxic effects in the moth. Its toxicity stems primarily from the fact that it readily forms oximes with keto acids and aldehydes, especially the pyridoxal phosphate cofactor of many vitamin B6-dependent enzymes. It inhibits ornithine aminotransferase at concentrations as low as 10 nM. L-Canaline is a substrate for ornithine aminotransferase resulting in the synthesis of L-ureidohomoserine (the corresponding analog of L-citrulline). In turn, the latter forms L-canavaninosuccinic acid in a reaction mediated by argininosuccinic acid synthetase. L-Canavaninosuccinic acid is cleaved to form L-canavanine by argininosuccinic acid synthetase. By these sequential reactions, the canaline-urea cycle (analogous to the ornithine-urea cycle) is formed. Every time a canavanine molecule runs through the canaline-urea cycle, the two terminal nitrogen atoms are released as urea. Urea is an important by-product of this reaction sequence because it makes ammonicial ammonia (urease-mediated) that is available to support intermediary nitrogen metabolism. L-Canaline can be reductively cleaved to L-homoserine, a non-protein amino acid of great importance in the formation of a host of essential amino acids. In this way, the third nitrogen atom of canavanine enters into the reactions of nitrogen metabolism of the plant. As homoserine, its carbon skeleton also finds an important use.
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Canavanine
L-(+)-(S)-Canavanine is a non-proteinogenic amino acid found in certain leguminous plants.
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Carboxylic acid
A carboxylic acid is an organic compound that contains a carboxyl group (C(.
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Cell division
Cell division is the process by which a parent cell divides into two or more daughter cells.
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Citrullination
Citrullination or deimination is the conversion of the amino acid arginine in a protein into the amino acid citrulline.
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Citrulline
The organic compound citrulline is an α-amino acid.
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Conjugated system
In chemistry, a conjugated system is a system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in molecules which are conventionally represented as having alternating single and multiple bonds, which in general may lower the overall energy of the molecule and increase stability.
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Creatine
Creatine is a nitrogenous organic acid that occurs naturally in vertebrates.
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Cyanamide
Cyanamide is an organic compound with the formula CN2H2.
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Diethyl ether
Diethyl ether, or simply ether, is an organic compound in the ether class with the formula, sometimes abbreviated as (see Pseudoelement symbols).
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DNA codon table
The genetic code is traditionally represented as an RNA codon table because, when proteins are made in a cell by ribosomes, it is mRNA that directs protein synthesis.
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Endothelium
Endothelium refers to cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels, forming an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.
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Epithelium
Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
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Ernst Schulze (chemist)
Ernst Schulze (31 July 1840, Bovenden near Göttingen – 15 June 1912 in Zürich) was a German Chemist who discovered a number of amino acids.
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Essential amino acid
An essential amino acid, or indispensable amino acid, is an amino acid that cannot be synthesized ''de novo'' (from scratch) by the organism, and thus must be supplied in its diet.
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Ethanol
Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is a chemical compound, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula.
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Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) into proteins.
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Gestational hypertension
Gestational hypertension or pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) is the development of new hypertension in a pregnant woman after 20 weeks' gestation without the presence of protein in the urine or other signs of pre-eclampsia.
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Glutamic acid
Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E) is an α-amino acid with formula.
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Glutamine
Glutamine (symbol Gln or Q) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Growth hormone
Growth hormone (GH), also known as somatotropin (or as human growth hormone in its human form), is a peptide hormone that stimulates growth, cell reproduction, and cell regeneration in humans and other animals.
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Guanidine
Guanidine is the compound with the formula HNC(NH2)2.
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Guanidinopropionic acid
β-Guanidinopropionic acid, also referred to as guanidinopropionic acid, beta-guanidinopropionic acid or β-GPA, is a dietary supplement.
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Hydrogen bond
A hydrogen bond is a partially electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen (H) which is bound to a more electronegative atom such as nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F), and another adjacent atom bearing a lone pair of electrons.
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Immune system
The immune system is a host defense system comprising many biological structures and processes within an organism that protects against disease.
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Kidney
The kidneys are two bean-shaped organs present in left and right sides of the body in vertebrates.
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Lone pair
In chemistry, a lone pair refers to a pair of valence electrons that are not shared with another atomIUPAC Gold Book definition: and is sometimes called a non-bonding pair.
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Lupinus
Lupinus, commonly known as lupin or lupine (North America), is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae.
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Methylation
In the chemical sciences, methylation denotes the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.
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Methyltransferase
Methyltransferases are a large group of enzymes that all methylate their substrates but can be split into several subclasses based on their structural features.
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N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid
N-Methyl-D-aspartic acid or N-Methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) is an amino acid derivative that acts as a specific agonist at the NMDA receptor mimicking the action of glutamate, the neurotransmitter which normally acts at that receptor.
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Nitrate
Nitrate is a polyatomic ion with the molecular formula and a molecular mass of 62.0049 u.
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Nitric oxide
Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula NO.
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Nitric oxide synthase
Nitric oxide synthases (NOSs) are a family of enzymes catalyzing the production of nitric oxide (NO) from L-arginine.
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Nitrite
The nitrite ion, which has the chemical formula, is a symmetric anion with equal N–O bond lengths.
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Ornithine
Ornithine is a non-proteinogenic amino acid that plays a role in the urea cycle.
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Panthenol
Panthenol (also called pantothenol) is the alcohol analog of pantothenic acid (vitamin B5), and is thus a provitamin of B5.
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Pantothenic acid
Pantothenic acid, also called vitamin B5 (a B vitamin), is a water-soluble vitamin.
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Polyamine
A polyamine is an organic compound having more than two amino groups.
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Post-translational modification
Post-translational modification (PTM) refers to the covalent and generally enzymatic modification of proteins following protein biosynthesis.
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Pre-eclampsia
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is a disorder of pregnancy characterized by the onset of high blood pressure and often a significant amount of protein in the urine.
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Precursor (chemistry)
In chemistry, a precursor is a compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound.
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Proline
Proline (symbol Pro or P) is a proteinogenic amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Protein catabolism
Protein catabolism is the breakdown of proteins into amino acids and simple derivative compounds, for transport into the cell through the plasma membrane and ultimately for the polymerization into new proteins via the use of ribonucleic acids (RNA) and ribosomes.
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Proximal tubule
The proximal tubule is the portion of the duct system of the nephron of the kidney which leads from Bowman's capsule to the loop of Henle.
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S. P. L. Sørensen
Søren Peder Lauritz Sørensen (9 January 1868 – 12 February 1939) was a Danish chemist, famous for the introduction of the concept of pH, a scale for measuring acidity and alkalinity.
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Salt bridge (protein and supramolecular)
In chemistry, a salt bridge is a combination of two non-covalent interactions: hydrogen bonding and ionic bonding (Figure 1).
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Second messenger system
Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules—the first messengers.
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Small intestine
The small intestine or small bowel is the part of the gastrointestinal tract between the stomach and the large intestine, and is where most of the end absorption of food takes place.
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Structural analog
A structural analog, also known as a chemical analog or simply an analog, is a compound having a structure similar to that of another compound, but differing from it in respect to a certain component.
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Substituent
In organic chemistry and biochemistry, a substituent is an atom or group of atoms which replaces one or more hydrogen atoms on the parent chain of a hydrocarbon, becoming a moiety of the resultant new molecule.
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Theanine
Theanine, also known as L-γ-glutamylethylamide and N5-ethyl-L-glutamine, is an amino acid analogue of the proteinogenic amino acids L-glutamate and L-glutamine and is found primarily in particular plant and fungal species.
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Urea
Urea, also known as carbamide, is an organic compound with chemical formula CO(NH2)2.
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Urea cycle
The urea cycle (also known as the ornithine cycle) is a cycle of biochemical reactions that produces urea ((NH2)2CO) from ammonia (NH3).
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Vascular disease
Vascular disease is a class of diseases of the blood vessels – the arteries and veins of the circulatory system of the body.
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Wound healing
Wound healing is an intricate process in which the skin repairs itself after injury.
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1-Arginine, Argamine, Arganine, Argenine, Arginate, Arginin, Arginine hydrochloride, Arginine malate, Arginine metabolism, Arginine stimulation, Argivene, D-arginine, Detoxargin, L-Arg, L-Arginine, L-Arginine L-malate, L-Arginine Malate, L-arginine, L-arginine hydrochloride, Levargin, Minophagen A.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arginine
