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63 relations: Acid dissociation constant, Acid–base homeostasis, Acidosis, Alkalosis, Allen's test, Anion gap, Arterial line, Arteriovenous oxygen difference, Base excess, Bicarbonate, Bilirubin, Brachial artery, Breathing, Carbon dioxide, Carbonic acid, Carboxyhemoglobin, Chemical equilibrium, Coagulation, Electrolyte, Femoral artery, Gas exchange, Glucose, Groin, Hemoglobin, Henderson–Hasselbalch equation, Heparin, Hypercapnia, Hypocapnia, Hypodermic needle, Hypoxia (medical), Intensive care unit, Ketoacidosis, Lactic acid, Litre, Malignant hyperthermia, Mechanical ventilation, Medical laboratory, Metabolic acidosis, Metabolic alkalosis, Metabolism, Methemoglobin, Mole (unit), Nomogram, Nursing, Oxygen, Oxygen saturation (medicine), Oxygen therapy, Paramedic, Partial pressure, PCO2, ..., PH, Phlebotomy, Point-of-care testing, Pulmonology, Pulse oximetry, Radial artery, Radial artery puncture, Reference range, Respiratory acidosis, Respiratory alkalosis, Respiratory therapist, Sampling (medicine), Syringe. Expand index (13 more) »
Acid dissociation constant
An acid dissociation constant, Ka, (also known as acidity constant, or acid-ionization constant) is a quantitative measure of the strength of an acid in solution.
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Acid–base homeostasis
Acid–base homeostasis is the homeostatic regulation of the pH of the body's extracellular fluid (ECF).
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Acidosis
Acidosis is a process causing increased acidity in the blood and other body tissues (i.e., an increased hydrogen ion concentration).
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Alkalosis
Alkalosis is the result of a process reducing hydrogen ion concentration of arterial blood plasma (alkalemia).
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Allen's test
In medicine, Allen's test or the Allen test is a medical sign used in physical examination of arterial blood flow to the hands.
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Anion gap
The anion gap (AG or AGAP) is a value calculated from the results of multiple individual medical lab tests.
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Arterial line
An arterial line (also art-line or a-line) is a thin catheter inserted into an artery.
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Arteriovenous oxygen difference
The arteriovenous oxygen difference, or a-vO2 diff, is the difference in the oxygen content of the blood between the arterial blood and the venous blood.
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Base excess
In physiology, base excess and base deficit refer to an excess or deficit, respectively, in the amount of base present in the blood.
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Bicarbonate
In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid.
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Bilirubin
Bilirubin is a yellow compound that occurs in the normal catabolic pathway that breaks down heme in vertebrates.
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Brachial artery
The brachial artery is the major blood vessel of the (upper) arm.
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Breathing
Breathing (or respiration, or ventilation) is the process of moving air into and out of the lungs to facilitate gas exchange with the internal environment, mostly by bringing in oxygen and flushing out carbon dioxide.
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.
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Carbonic acid
Carbonic acid is a chemical compound with the chemical formula H2CO3 (equivalently OC(OH)2).
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Carboxyhemoglobin
Carboxyhemoglobin or carboxyhaemoglobin (symbol COHb or HbCO) is a stable complex of carbon monoxide and hemoglobin (Hb) that forms in red blood cells upon contact with carbon monoxide (CO).
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Chemical equilibrium
In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time, so that there is no observable change in the properties of the system.
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Coagulation
Coagulation (also known as clotting) is the process by which blood changes from a liquid to a gel, forming a blood clot.
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Electrolyte
An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water.
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Femoral artery
The femoral artery is a large artery in the thigh and the main arterial supply to the leg.
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Gas exchange
Gas exchange is the physical process by which gases move passively by diffusion across a surface.
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Glucose
Glucose is a simple sugar with the molecular formula C6H12O6.
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Groin
In human anatomy, the groin (the adjective is inguinal, as in inguinal canal) is the junctional area (also known as the inguinal region) between the abdomen and the thigh on either side of the pubic bone.
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Hemoglobin
Hemoglobin (American) or haemoglobin (British); abbreviated Hb or Hgb, is the iron-containing oxygen-transport metalloprotein in the red blood cells of all vertebrates (with the exception of the fish family Channichthyidae) as well as the tissues of some invertebrates.
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Henderson–Hasselbalch equation
In chemistry, the Henderson–Hasselbalch equation describes the derivation of pH as a measure of acidity (using, the negative log of the acid dissociation constant) in biological and chemical systems.
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Heparin
Heparin, also known as unfractionated heparin (UFH), is medication which is used as an anticoagulant (blood thinner).
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Hypercapnia
Hypercapnia, also known as hypercarbia and CO2 retention, is a condition of abnormally elevated carbon dioxide (CO2) levels in the blood.
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Hypocapnia
Hypocapnia or hypocapnea (from the Greek words υπό meaning below normal and καπνός kapnós meaning smoke), also known as hypocarbia, sometimes incorrectly called acapnia, is a state of reduced carbon dioxide in the blood.
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Hypodermic needle
Hypodermic needle features A hypodermic needle (from Greek ὑπο- (under-), and δέρμα (skin)), one of a category of medical tools which enter the skin, called sharps, is a very thin, hollow tube with a sharp tip that contains a small opening at the pointed end.
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Hypoxia (medical)
Hypoxia is a condition in which the body or a region of the body is deprived of adequate oxygen supply at the tissue level.
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Intensive care unit
Intensive care unit An intensive care unit (ICU), also known as an intensive therapy unit or intensive treatment unit (ITU) or critical care unit (CCU), is a special department of a hospital or health care facility that provides intensive treatment medicine.
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Ketoacidosis
Ketoacidosis is a metabolic state associated with high concentrations of ketone bodies, formed by the breakdown of fatty acids and the deamination of amino acids.
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Lactic acid
Lactic acid is an organic compound with the formula CH3CH(OH)COOH.
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Litre
The litre (SI spelling) or liter (American spelling) (symbols L or l, sometimes abbreviated ltr) is an SI accepted metric system unit of volume equal to 1 cubic decimetre (dm3), 1,000 cubic centimetres (cm3) or 1/1,000 cubic metre. A cubic decimetre (or litre) occupies a volume of 10 cm×10 cm×10 cm (see figure) and is thus equal to one-thousandth of a cubic metre. The original French metric system used the litre as a base unit. The word litre is derived from an older French unit, the litron, whose name came from Greek — where it was a unit of weight, not volume — via Latin, and which equalled approximately 0.831 litres. The litre was also used in several subsequent versions of the metric system and is accepted for use with the SI,, p. 124. ("Days" and "hours" are examples of other non-SI units that SI accepts.) although not an SI unit — the SI unit of volume is the cubic metre (m3). The spelling used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures is "litre", a spelling which is shared by almost all English-speaking countries. The spelling "liter" is predominantly used in American English. One litre of liquid water has a mass of almost exactly one kilogram, because the kilogram was originally defined in 1795 as the mass of one cubic decimetre of water at the temperature of melting ice. Subsequent redefinitions of the metre and kilogram mean that this relationship is no longer exact.
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Malignant hyperthermia
Malignant hyperthermia (MH) is a type of severe reaction that occurs to particular medications used during general anesthesia, among those who are susceptible.
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Mechanical ventilation
Mechanical ventilation is the medical term for artificial ventilation where mechanical means is used to assist or replace spontaneous breathing. This may involve a machine called a ventilator or the breathing may be assisted by an anesthesiologist, certified registered nurse anesthetist, physician, physician assistant, respiratory therapist, paramedic, EMT, or other suitable person compressing a bag or set of bellows. Mechanical ventilation is termed "invasive" if it involves any instrument penetrating the trachea through the mouth, such as an endotracheal tube or the skin, such as a tracheostomy tube. There are two main types: positive pressure ventilation, where air (or another gas mix) is pushed into the trachea, and negative pressure ventilation, where air is, in essence, sucked into the lungs. There are many modes of mechanical ventilation, and their nomenclature has been revised over the decades as the technology has continually developed.
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Medical laboratory
A medical laboratory or clinical laboratory is a laboratory where tests are carried out on clinical specimens in order to obtain information about the health of a patient in order to provide diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.
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Metabolic acidosis
Metabolic acidosis is a condition that occurs when the body produces excessive quantities of acid or when the kidneys are not removing enough acid from the body.
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Metabolic alkalosis
Metabolic alkalosis is a metabolic condition in which the pH of tissue is elevated beyond the normal range (7.35–7.45).
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Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of organisms.
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Methemoglobin
Methemoglobin (English: methaemoglobin) (pronounced "met-hemoglobin") is a form of the oxygen-carrying metalloprotein hemoglobin, in which the iron in the heme group is in the Fe3+ (ferric) state, not the Fe2+ (ferrous) of normal hemoglobin.
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Mole (unit)
The mole, symbol mol, is the SI unit of amount of substance.
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Nomogram
A nomogram (from Greek νόμος nomos, "law" and γραμμή grammē, "line"), also called a nomograph, alignment chart or abaque, is a graphical calculating device, a two-dimensional diagram designed to allow the approximate graphical computation of a mathematical function.
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Nursing
Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.
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Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.
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Oxygen saturation (medicine)
Oxygen saturation is the fraction of oxygen-saturated hemoglobin relative to total hemoglobin (unsaturated + saturated) in the blood.
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Oxygen therapy
Oxygen therapy, also known as supplemental oxygen, is the use of oxygen as a medical treatment.
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Paramedic
A paramedic is a healthcare professional who responds to medical emergencies outside of a hospital.
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Partial pressure
In a mixture of gases, each gas has a partial pressure which is the hypothetical pressure of that gas if it alone occupied the entire volume of the original mixture at the same temperature.
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PCO2
The pCO2, PCO2, p_\ceor P_\ce is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide (CO2), often used in reference to blood, but also used in oceanography to describe the partial pressure of CO2 in the Ocean, and in life support systems engineering and underwater diving to describe the partial pressure in a breathing gas.
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PH
In chemistry, pH is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.
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Phlebotomy
Phlebotomy (from the Greek words phlebo-, meaning "pertaining to a blood vessel", and -tomia, meaning "cutting of") is the process of making an incision in a vein with a needle.
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Point-of-care testing
Point-of-care testing (POCT), or bedside testing is defined as medical diagnostic testing at or near the point of care—that is, at the time and place of patient care.
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Pulmonology
Pulmonology is a medical speciality that deals with diseases involving the respiratory tract.
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Pulse oximetry
Pulse oximetry is a noninvasive method for monitoring a person's oxygen saturation (SO2).
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Radial artery
In human anatomy, the radial artery is the main artery of the lateral aspect of the forearm.
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Radial artery puncture
Radial artery puncture is a medical procedure performed to obtain a sample of arterial blood for gas analysis.
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Reference range
In health-related fields, a reference range or reference interval is the range of values for a physiologic measurement in healthy persons (for example, the amount of creatinine in the blood, or the partial pressure of oxygen).
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Respiratory acidosis
Respiratory acidosis is a medical emergency in which decreased ventilation (hypoventilation) increases the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood and decreases the blood's pH (a condition generally called acidosis).
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Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory alkalosis is a medical condition in which increased respiration elevates the blood pH beyond the normal range (7.35–7.45) with a concurrent reduction in arterial levels of carbon dioxide.
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Respiratory therapist
A respiratory therapist is a specialized healthcare practitioner trained in pulmonary medicine in order to work therapeutically with people suffering from pulmonary disease.
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Sampling (medicine)
In medicine, sampling is gathering of matter from the body to aid in the process of a medical diagnosis and/or evaluation of an indication for treatment, further medical tests or other procedures.
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Syringe
A syringe is a simple reciprocating pump consisting of a plunger (though in modern syringes it's actually a piston) that fits tightly within a cylindrical tube called a barrel.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arterial_blood_gas_test
