Faster access than browser!
216 relations: Abdul Qadeer Khan, Acheson–Lilienthal Report, Agni-II, Agni-III, Agreed Framework, Ali Khamenei, Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues, Anti-nuclear movement, Apartheid, Association of Southeast Asian Nations, Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Atoms for Peace, Australia, Ayatollah, Aziz Ahmed, Baghdad, Bangladesh, Bangladesh Liberation War, Baruch Plan, Beijing, Benazir Bhutto, Bernard Baruch, Bill Clinton, Breeder reactor, Bureau of Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance, Canada, Chain reaction, Chemical weapon proliferation, China, CNN, Cold War, Columbia University, Combined Development Agency, Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty, Constructivism (international relations), Conventional weapon, Countervalue, Dacha, David Albright, Desalination, Dimona, Domino effect, Dongfeng (missile), Dual-use technology, Dwight D. Eisenhower, East Pakistan, Economic integration, Economic sanctions, Economist, Economy of Pakistan, ..., Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament, Electricity, Enriched uranium, Espionage, European integration, European Union, Fatwa, Fissile material, Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty, Force de dissuasion, Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia), France, France and weapons of mass destruction, Francis Perrin, Frank Barnaby, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, George W. Bush, Germany, Globalization, Good governance, Government of Pakistan, Gulf War, Harry S. Truman, High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change, Hillary Clinton, History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi, IAEA safeguards, India, Indian Armed Forces, Institute for Science and International Security, Institute of Nuclear Materials Management, Inter-Services Intelligence, International Atomic Energy Agency, International Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation, International Institute for Strategic Studies, International organization, International Science and Technology Center, Iran, Iran–Iraq War, Iraq, Iraq–Pakistan relations, Isotope separation, Isotopes of hydrogen, Israel, Jane's Defence Weekly, Japan, John Mearsheimer, Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, Kashmir, Kenneth Waltz, Khan Research Laboratories, Kristin Shrader-Frechette, Labour Party (UK), Libya, List of diplomatic missions of Pakistan, List of nuclear weapons tests, List of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea, List of states with nuclear weapons, Little Boy, Magnox, Mahmoud Ahmadinejad, Malaysia, Manhattan Project, Manmohan Singh, Mass spectrometry, Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey, Mordechai Vanunu, Moscow, Muammar Gaddafi, Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq, Mutual assured destruction, Myanmar, Nation state, National security, Nawaz Sharif, Negev Nuclear Research Center, Neoliberalism (international relations), Neorealism (international relations), Newsweek, Newton's laws of motion, North Korea, North Korea and weapons of mass destruction, North Korea–Pakistan relations, Norwegian heavy water sabotage, Norwegian rocket incident, Novaya Zemlya, Nuclear blackmail, Nuclear disarmament, Nuclear ethics, Nuclear fuel, Nuclear power, Nuclear power programme in Pakistan, Nuclear program of Iran, Nuclear reactor, Nuclear reprocessing, Nuclear sharing, Nuclear Suppliers Group, Nuclear terrorism, Nuclear warfare, Nuclear weapon, Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom, Nuclear weapons testing, Nuclear-weapon-free zone, Operation Opera, Operation Outside the Box, Pakistan, Pakistan Armed Forces, Pakistani Instrument of Surrender, Pan-European identity, Parliament of the United Kingdom, People's Liberation Army, Pierre Marie Gallois, Plutonium, Pokhran-II, Policy of deliberate ambiguity, President of the United States, Prime Minister of India, Prime Minister of Pakistan, Radioactive decay, RDS-1, Reaction (physics), Renovation of the nuclear weapon arsenal of the United States, Reuters, Russia, Sabotage, Saclay, Scomi Precision Engineering nuclear scandal, Scott Sagan, Seabed Arms Control Treaty, Sergei Tretyakov (intelligence officer), Sino-Indian War, Six-party talks, Smiling Buddha, Sovereignty, Soviet Union, Spent nuclear fuel, State visit, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute, Tarapur Atomic Power Station, Tehran International Conference on Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, 2010, The New York Times, The Times of India, The Washington Times, Thorium, Treason, Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, United Kingdom, United Nations, United Nations General Assembly, United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission, United Nations Security Council, United States, United States Department of State, University of California, Berkeley, University of Chicago, Uranium, Urenco Group, Watt, World War II, Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center, Yukiya Amano, Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, 2006 North Korean nuclear test, 2009 North Korean nuclear test, 2010 Nuclear Security Summit, 2013 North Korean nuclear test. Expand index (166 more) »
Abdul Qadeer Khan
Abdul Qadeer Khan, NI, HI, FPAS (ڈاکٹر عبد القدیر خان; born 1935 or 1936), known as A. Q. Khan, is a Pakistani former nuclear physicist and a metallurgical engineer, who founded the uranium enrichment program for Pakistan's atomic bomb project.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Abdul Qadeer Khan · See more »
Acheson–Lilienthal Report
The Report on the International Control of Atomic Energy was written by a committee chaired by Dean Acheson and David Lilienthal in 1946 and is generally known as the Acheson–Lilienthal Report or Plan.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Acheson–Lilienthal Report · See more »
Agni-II
Agni-II (fire), is a strategic ballistic missile.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Agni-II · See more »
Agni-III
Agni-III is an intermediate-range ballistic missile developed by India as the successor to Agni-II.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Agni-III · See more »
Agreed Framework
The Agreed Framework between the United States of America and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea was signed on October 21, 1994, between North Korea (DPRK) and the United States.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Agreed Framework · See more »
Ali Khamenei
Sayyid Ali Hosseini Khamenei (سید علی حسینی خامنهای,; born 17 July 1939) is a ''marja'' and the second and current Supreme Leader of Iran, in office since 1989.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Ali Khamenei · See more »
Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues
The Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues is a searchable collection of vetted annotations and bibliographic information for resources including books, articles, films, CD-ROMs, and websites pertaining to nuclear topics.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Alsos Digital Library for Nuclear Issues · See more »
Anti-nuclear movement
The anti-nuclear movement is a social movement that opposes various nuclear technologies.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Anti-nuclear movement · See more »
Apartheid
Apartheid started in 1948 in theUnion of South Africa |year_start.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Apartheid · See more »
Association of Southeast Asian Nations
The Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) is a regional intergovernmental organization comprising ten Southeast Asian countries that promotes intergovernmental cooperation and facilitates economic, political, security, military, educational, and sociocultural integration amongst its members, other Asian countries, and globally.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Association of Southeast Asian Nations · See more »
Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki
During the final stage of World War II, the United States detonated two nuclear weapons over the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki on August 6 and 9, 1945, respectively.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki · See more »
Atoms for Peace
"Atoms for Peace" was the title of a speech delivered by U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower to the UN General Assembly in New York City on December 8, 1953.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Atoms for Peace · See more »
Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Australia · See more »
Ayatollah
Ayatullah (or; āyatullāh from llāh "Sign of God") is a high-ranking title given to Usuli Twelver Shī‘ah clerics.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Ayatollah · See more »
Aziz Ahmed
Aziz Ahmed, (عزیز احمد; born 24 June 1906 – 23 October 1982) ''HPk'', was a career Pakistani statesman and a diplomat during the Cold war, serving in the capacity as 12th Foreign Minister of Pakistan from 1973 until 1977.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Aziz Ahmed · See more »
Baghdad
Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Baghdad · See more »
Bangladesh
Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ, lit. "The country of Bengal"), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ), is a country in South Asia.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Bangladesh · See more »
Bangladesh Liberation War
The Bangladesh Liberation War (মুক্তিযুদ্ধ), also known as the Bangladesh War of Independence, or simply the Liberation War in Bangladesh, was a revolution and armed conflict sparked by the rise of the Bengali nationalist and self-determination movement in what was then East Pakistan during the 1971 Bangladesh genocide.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Bangladesh Liberation War · See more »
Baruch Plan
The Baruch Plan was a proposal by the United States government, written largely by Bernard Baruch but based on the Acheson–Lilienthal Report, to the United Nations Atomic Energy Commission (UNAEC) during its first meeting in June 1946.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Baruch Plan · See more »
Beijing
Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Beijing · See more »
Benazir Bhutto
Benazir Bhutto (بينظير ڀُٽو; 21 June 1953 – 27 December 2007) was a Pakistani politician who served as Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1988 to 1990 and again from 1993 to 1996.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Benazir Bhutto · See more »
Bernard Baruch
Bernard Mannes Baruch (August 19, 1870 – June 20, 1965) was an American financier, stock investor, philanthropist, statesman, and political consultant.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Bernard Baruch · See more »
Bill Clinton
William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Bill Clinton · See more »
Breeder reactor
A breeder reactor is a nuclear reactor that generates more fissile material than it consumes.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Breeder reactor · See more »
Bureau of Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance
The Bureau of Arms Control, Verification and Compliance (AVC) is a bureau within the United States Department of State.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Bureau of Arms Control, Verification, and Compliance · See more »
Canada
Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Canada · See more »
Chain reaction
A chain reaction is a sequence of reactions where a reactive product or by-product causes additional reactions to take place.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Chain reaction · See more »
Chemical weapon proliferation
Many nations continue to research and/or stockpile chemical weapon agents despite numerous efforts to reduce or eliminate them.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Chemical weapon proliferation · See more »
China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and China · See more »
CNN
Cable News Network (CNN) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel and an independent subsidiary of AT&T's WarnerMedia.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and CNN · See more »
Cold War
The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Cold War · See more »
Columbia University
Columbia University (Columbia; officially Columbia University in the City of New York), established in 1754, is a private Ivy League research university in Upper Manhattan, New York City.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Columbia University · See more »
Combined Development Agency
The Combined Development Agency (CDA), originally the Combined Development Trust (CDT), was a defense purchasing authority established in 1944 by the governments of the United States and the United Kingdom.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Combined Development Agency · See more »
Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty
The Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT) is a multilateral treaty that bans all nuclear explosions, for both civilian and military purposes, in all environments.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty · See more »
Constructivism (international relations)
In international relations, constructivism is the claim that significant aspects of international relations are historically and socially constructed, rather than inevitable consequences of human nature or other essential characteristics of world politics.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Constructivism (international relations) · See more »
Conventional weapon
The terms conventional weapons or conventional arms generally refer to weapons that are in relatively wide use that are not weapons of mass destruction (e.g. nuclear, biological, and chemical weapons).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Conventional weapon · See more »
Countervalue
In military doctrine, countervalue is the targeting of an opponent's assets which are of value but not actually a military threat, such as cities and civilian populations.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Countervalue · See more »
Dacha
A dacha (a) is a seasonal or year-round second home, often located in the exurbs of Russian and other post-Soviet cities.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Dacha · See more »
David Albright
David Albright, M.Sc., is the founder of the non-governmental Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS), its current president, and author of several books on proliferation of atomic weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and David Albright · See more »
Desalination
Desalination is a process that extracts mineral components from saline water.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Desalination · See more »
Dimona
Dimona (דִּימוֹנָה) is an Israeli city in the Negev desert, to the south of Beersheba and west of the Dead Sea above the Arava valley in the Southern District of Israel.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Dimona · See more »
Domino effect
A domino effect or chain reaction is the cumulative effect produced when one event sets off a chain of similar events.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Domino effect · See more »
Dongfeng (missile)
Intercontinental Range Ballistic Missiles (2007). Note: China currently is capable of targeting its nuclear forces throughout the region and most of the world, including the continental United States. Newer systems, such as the DF-31, DF-31A, and JL-2, will give China a more survivable nuclear force. The Dongfeng series, typically abbreviated as "DF missiles", are a family of short, medium, intermediate-range and intercontinental ballistic missiles operated by the Chinese People's Liberation Army Rocket Force (formerly the Second Artillery Corps).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Dongfeng (missile) · See more »
Dual-use technology
In politics and diplomacy, dual-use is technology that can be used for both peaceful and military aims.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Dual-use technology · See more »
Dwight D. Eisenhower
Dwight David "Ike" Eisenhower (October 14, 1890 – March 28, 1969) was an American army general and statesman who served as the 34th President of the United States from 1953 to 1961.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Dwight D. Eisenhower · See more »
East Pakistan
East Pakistan was the eastern provincial wing of Pakistan between 1955 and 1971, covering the territory of the modern country Bangladesh.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and East Pakistan · See more »
Economic integration
Economic integration is the unification of economic policies between different states through the partial or full abolition of tariff and non-tariff restrictions on trade taking place among them prior to their integration.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Economic integration · See more »
Economic sanctions
Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted country, group, or individual.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Economic sanctions · See more »
Economist
An economist is a practitioner in the social science discipline of economics.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Economist · See more »
Economy of Pakistan
The economy of Pakistan is the 25th largest in the world in terms of purchasing power parity (PPP), and 42nd largest in terms of nominal gross domestic product.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Economy of Pakistan · See more »
Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament
The Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament (ENCD) was sponsored by the United Nations in 1961.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Eighteen Nation Committee on Disarmament · See more »
Electricity
Electricity is the set of physical phenomena associated with the presence and motion of electric charge.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Electricity · See more »
Enriched uranium
Enriched uranium is a type of uranium in which the percent composition of uranium-235 has been increased through the process of isotope separation.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Enriched uranium · See more »
Espionage
Espionage or spying, is the act of obtaining secret or confidential information without the permission of the holder of the information.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Espionage · See more »
European integration
European integration is the process of industrial, political, legal, economic, social and cultural integration of states wholly or partially in Europe.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and European integration · See more »
European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and European Union · See more »
Fatwa
A fatwā (فتوى; plural fatāwā فتاوى.) in the Islamic faith is a nonbinding but authoritative legal opinion or learned interpretation that the Sheikhul Islam, a qualified jurist or mufti, can give on issues pertaining to the Islamic law.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Fatwa · See more »
Fissile material
In nuclear engineering, fissile material is material capable of sustaining a nuclear fission chain reaction.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Fissile material · See more »
Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty
The Fissile Material Cutoff Treaty (FMCT) is a proposed international treaty to prohibit the further production of fissile material for nuclear weapons or other explosive devices.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Fissile Material Cut-off Treaty · See more »
Force de dissuasion
The Force de frappe (French for: strike force), or Force de dissuasion after 1961,Gunston, Bill.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Force de dissuasion · See more »
Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia)
The Foreign Intelligence Service of the Russian Federation (p) or SVR RF (СВР РФ) is Russia's external intelligence agency, mainly for civilian affairs.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Foreign Intelligence Service (Russia) · See more »
France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and France · See more »
France and weapons of mass destruction
France is one of the five "Nuclear Weapons States" under the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, but is not known to possess or develop any chemical or biological weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and France and weapons of mass destruction · See more »
Francis Perrin
Francis Perrin (17 August 1901 – 4 July 1992) was a French physicist, the son of Nobel prize-winning physicist Jean Perrin.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Francis Perrin · See more »
Frank Barnaby
Frank Charles Barnaby is Nuclear Issues Consultant to the Oxford Research Group, a freelance defence analyst, and a prolific author on military technology, based in the UK.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Frank Barnaby · See more »
French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission
The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission or CEA (French: Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives), is a French public government-funded research organisation in the areas of energy, defense and security, information technologies and health technologies.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission · See more »
George W. Bush
George Walker Bush (born July 6, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 43rd President of the United States from 2001 to 2009.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and George W. Bush · See more »
Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Germany · See more »
Globalization
Globalization or globalisation is the process of interaction and integration between people, companies, and governments worldwide.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Globalization · See more »
Good governance
Good governance is an indeterminate term used in the international development literature to describe how public institutions conduct public affairs and manage public resources.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Good governance · See more »
Government of Pakistan
The Government of Pakistan (حکومتِ پاکستان) is a federal government established by the Constitution of Pakistan as a constituted governing authority of the four provinces of a proclaimed and established parliamentary democratic republic, constitutionally called the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Government of Pakistan · See more »
Gulf War
The Gulf War (2 August 199028 February 1991), codenamed Operation Desert Shield (2 August 199017 January 1991) for operations leading to the buildup of troops and defense of Saudi Arabia and Operation Desert Storm (17 January 199128 February 1991) in its combat phase, was a war waged by coalition forces from 35 nations led by the United States against Iraq in response to Iraq's invasion and annexation of Kuwait.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Gulf War · See more »
Harry S. Truman
Harry S. Truman (May 8, 1884 – December 26, 1972) was an American statesman who served as the 33rd President of the United States (1945–1953), taking office upon the death of Franklin D. Roosevelt.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Harry S. Truman · See more »
High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change
The United Nations' High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change was created in 2003 to analyse threats and challenges to international peace and security, and to recommend action based on this analysis.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and High-level Panel on Threats, Challenges and Change · See more »
Hillary Clinton
Hillary Diane Rodham Clinton (born October 26, 1947) is an American politician and diplomat who served as the First Lady of the United States from 1993 to 2001, U.S. Senator from New York from 2001 to 2009, 67th United States Secretary of State from 2009 to 2013, and the Democratic Party's nominee for President of the United States in the 2016 election.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Hillary Clinton · See more »
History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Gaddafi became the de facto leader of Libya on 1 September 1969 after leading a group of young Libyan military officers against King Idris I in a bloodless coup d'état.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and History of Libya under Muammar Gaddafi · See more »
IAEA safeguards
International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) Safeguards are a system of inspection and verification of the peaceful uses of nuclear materials as part of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT), supervised by the International Atomic Energy Agency.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and IAEA safeguards · See more »
India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and India · See more »
Indian Armed Forces
The Indian Armed Forces (Hindi (in IAST): Bhāratīya Saśastra Senāeṃ) are the military forces of the Republic of India.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Indian Armed Forces · See more »
Institute for Science and International Security
The Institute for Science and International Security (ISIS) is a nonprofit, non-governmental institution to inform the public about "science and policy issues affecting international security." Founded in 1993, the group is led by founder and former United Nations IAEA nuclear inspector David Albright.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Institute for Science and International Security · See more »
Institute of Nuclear Materials Management
The Institute of Nuclear Materials Management (INMM) is an international technical and professional organization that works to promote safe handling of nuclear material and the safe practice of nuclear materials management through publications, as well as organized presentations and meetings.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Institute of Nuclear Materials Management · See more »
Inter-Services Intelligence
The Inter-Services Intelligence (بین الخدماتی مخابرات, abbreviated as ISI) is the premier intelligence agency of Pakistan, operationally responsible for gathering, processing, and analyzing national security information from around the world.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Inter-Services Intelligence · See more »
International Atomic Energy Agency
The International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) is an international organization that seeks to promote the peaceful use of nuclear energy, and to inhibit its use for any military purpose, including nuclear weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and International Atomic Energy Agency · See more »
International Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation
The International Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation (IFNEC) formerly the Global Nuclear Energy Partnership (GNEP) began as a U.S. proposal, announced by United States Secretary of Energy Samuel Bodman on February 6, 2006, to form an international partnership to promote the use of nuclear power and close the nuclear fuel cycle in a way that reduces nuclear waste and the risk of nuclear proliferation.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and International Framework for Nuclear Energy Cooperation · See more »
International Institute for Strategic Studies
The International Institute for Strategic Studies (IISS) is a British research institute (or think tank) in the area of international affairs.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and International Institute for Strategic Studies · See more »
International organization
An international organization is an organization with an international membership, scope, or presence.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and International organization · See more »
International Science and Technology Center
The International Science and Technology Center (ISTC) is an international organization established by an in November 1992 as a program to prevent nuclear proliferation and the proliferation of other weapons of mass destruction (WMD) by giving Russian and Newly Independent States (NIS) scientists and engineers with knowledge and skills of WMD or missile delivery systems, opportunities to redirect their talents to peaceful activities such as fundamental research, international programs and innovation and commercialization.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and International Science and Technology Center · See more »
Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Iran · See more »
Iran–Iraq War
The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq, beginning on 22 September 1980, when Iraq invaded Iran, and ending on 20 August 1988, when Iran accepted the UN-brokered ceasefire.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Iran–Iraq War · See more »
Iraq
Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Iraq · See more »
Iraq–Pakistan relations
Iraq–Pakistan relations refers to the foreign relations between the Republic of Iraq and the Islamic Republic of Pakistan.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Iraq–Pakistan relations · See more »
Isotope separation
Isotope separation is the process of concentrating specific isotopes of a chemical element by removing other isotopes.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Isotope separation · See more »
Isotopes of hydrogen
Hydrogen (1H) has three naturally occurring isotopes, sometimes denoted 1H, 2H, and 3H.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Isotopes of hydrogen · See more »
Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Israel · See more »
Jane's Defence Weekly
Jane's Defence Weekly (abbreviated as JDW) is a weekly magazine reporting on military and corporate affairs, edited by Peter Felstead.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Jane's Defence Weekly · See more »
Japan
Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Japan · See more »
John Mearsheimer
John Joseph Mearsheimer (born December 14, 1947) is an American political scientist.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and John Mearsheimer · See more »
Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action
The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA; barnāmeye jāme‘e eqdāme moshtarak, acronym: برجام BARJAM), known commonly as the Iran nuclear deal or Iran deal, is an agreement on the nuclear program of Iran reached in Vienna on 14 July 2015 between Iran, the P5+1 (the five permanent members of the United Nations Security Council—China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States—plus Germany), and the European Union.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action · See more »
Kashmir
Kashmir is the northernmost geographical region of the Indian subcontinent.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Kashmir · See more »
Kenneth Waltz
Kenneth Neal Waltz (June 8, 1924 – May 12, 2013) was an American political scientist who was a member of the faculty at both the University of California, Berkeley and Columbia University and one of the most prominent scholars in the field of international relations.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Kenneth Waltz · See more »
Khan Research Laboratories
The Khan Research Laboratories, previously known at various times as Project-706, Engineering Research Laboratories, and Kahuta Research Laboratories, is a Pakistan Government's multi-program national research institute, managed and operated under the scrutiny of Pakistan Armed Forces, located in Kahuta, Punjab Province.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Khan Research Laboratories · See more »
Kristin Shrader-Frechette
Kristin Shrader-Frechette (born 1944) is O'Neill Family Professor, Department of Biological Sciences and Department of Philosophy, at the University of Notre Dame.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Kristin Shrader-Frechette · See more »
Labour Party (UK)
The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Labour Party (UK) · See more »
Libya
Libya (ليبيا), officially the State of Libya (دولة ليبيا), is a sovereign state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Libya · See more »
List of diplomatic missions of Pakistan
This is a list of diplomatic missions of Pakistan, excluding honorary consulates.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and List of diplomatic missions of Pakistan · See more »
List of nuclear weapons tests
Nuclear weapons testing according to the standard definition used in treaty language for the space/time requirement is: In conformity with treaties between the United States and the Soviet Union, a salvo is defined, for multiple explosions for peaceful purposes, as two or more separate explosions where a period of time between successive individual explosions does not exceed 5 seconds and where the burial points of all explosive devices can be connected by segments of straight lines, each of them connecting two burial points, and the total length does not exceed 40 kilometers.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and List of nuclear weapons tests · See more »
List of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea
North Korea has conducted six nuclear tests, in 2006, 2009, 2013, twice in 2016, and 2017.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and List of nuclear weapons tests of North Korea · See more »
List of states with nuclear weapons
There are eight sovereign states that have successfully detonated nuclear weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and List of states with nuclear weapons · See more »
Little Boy
"Little Boy" was the codename for the atomic bomb dropped on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on 6 August 1945 during World War II by the Boeing B-29 Superfortress Enola Gay, piloted by Colonel Paul W. Tibbets, Jr., commander of the 509th Composite Group of the United States Army Air Forces.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Little Boy · See more »
Magnox
Magnox is a type of nuclear power/production reactor that was designed to run on natural uranium with graphite as the moderator and carbon dioxide gas as the heat exchange coolant.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Magnox · See more »
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad
Mahmoud Ahmadinejad (Mahmūd Ahmadinezhād, born Mahmoud Sabbaghian (Sabbāghyān) on 28 October 1956) is an Iranian politician who was the sixth President of Iran from 2005 to 2013.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Mahmoud Ahmadinejad · See more »
Malaysia
Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Malaysia · See more »
Manhattan Project
The Manhattan Project was a research and development undertaking during World War II that produced the first nuclear weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Manhattan Project · See more »
Manmohan Singh
Manmohan Singh (born 26 September 1932) is an Indian economist and politician who served as the Prime Minister of India from 2004 to 2014.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Manmohan Singh · See more »
Mass spectrometry
Mass spectrometry (MS) is an analytical technique that ionizes chemical species and sorts the ions based on their mass-to-charge ratio.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Mass spectrometry · See more »
Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey
The Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey (MIIS), formerly known as the Monterey Institute of International Studies, is an American graduate school within Middlebury College, a private university located in Middlebury, Vermont.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Middlebury Institute of International Studies at Monterey · See more »
Mordechai Vanunu
Mordechai Vanunu (מרדכי ואנונו; born 14 October 1954), also known as John Crossman, is an Israeli former nuclear technician and peace activist who, citing his opposition to weapons of mass destruction, revealed details of Israel's nuclear weapons program to the British press in 1986.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Mordechai Vanunu · See more »
Moscow
Moscow (a) is the capital and most populous city of Russia, with 13.2 million residents within the city limits and 17.1 million within the urban area.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Moscow · See more »
Muammar Gaddafi
Muammar Mohammed Abu Minyar Gaddafi (20 October 2011), commonly known as Colonel Gaddafi, was a Libyan revolutionary, politician and political theorist.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Muammar Gaddafi · See more »
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq
Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq (12 August 1924 – 17 August 1988) was a Pakistani four-star general who served as the 6th President of Pakistan from 1978 until his death in 1988, after declaring martial law in 1977.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Muhammad Zia-ul-Haq · See more »
Mutual assured destruction
Mutual assured destruction or mutually assured destruction (MAD) is a doctrine of military strategy and national security policy in which a full-scale use of nuclear weapons by two or more opposing sides would cause the complete annihilation of both the attacker and the defender (see pre-emptive nuclear strike and second strike).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Mutual assured destruction · See more »
Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Myanmar · See more »
Nation state
A nation state (or nation-state), in the most specific sense, is a country where a distinct cultural or ethnic group (a "nation" or "people") inhabits a territory and have formed a state (often a sovereign state) that they predominantly govern.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nation state · See more »
National security
National security refers to the security of a nation state, including its citizens, economy, and institutions, and is regarded as a duty of government.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and National security · See more »
Nawaz Sharif
Mian Muhammad Nawaz Sharif (Urdu/میاں محمد نواز شریف, born 25 December 1949) is a Pakistani business magnate and former politician who has served as the Prime Minister of Pakistan for three non-consecutive terms, all of the three terms were unsuccessful.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nawaz Sharif · See more »
Negev Nuclear Research Center
The Negev Nuclear Research Center (קריה למחקר גרעיני – נגב, officially Nuclear Research Center – Negev or NRCN, unofficially sometimes referred to as the Dimona reactor) is an Israeli nuclear installation located in the Negev desert, about thirteen kilometers south-east of the city of Dimona.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Negev Nuclear Research Center · See more »
Neoliberalism (international relations)
In the study of international relations, neoliberalism refers to a school of thought which believes that states are, or at least should be, concerned first and foremost with absolute gains rather than relative gains to other states.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Neoliberalism (international relations) · See more »
Neorealism (international relations)
Neorealism or structural realism is a theory of international relations that says power is the most important factor in international relations.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Neorealism (international relations) · See more »
Newsweek
Newsweek is an American weekly magazine founded in 1933.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Newsweek · See more »
Newton's laws of motion
Newton's laws of motion are three physical laws that, together, laid the foundation for classical mechanics.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Newton's laws of motion · See more »
North Korea
North Korea (Chosŏn'gŭl:조선; Hanja:朝鮮; Chosŏn), officially the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (abbreviated as DPRK, PRK, DPR Korea, or Korea DPR), is a country in East Asia constituting the northern part of the Korean Peninsula.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and North Korea · See more »
North Korea and weapons of mass destruction
North Korea has a military nuclear weapons program and also has a significant quantity of chemical and biological weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and North Korea and weapons of mass destruction · See more »
North Korea–Pakistan relations
Pakistan has both diplomatic and economic relationships with North Korea.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and North Korea–Pakistan relations · See more »
Norwegian heavy water sabotage
The Norwegian heavy water sabotage (Tungtvannsaksjonen, Tungtvassaksjonen) was a series of operations undertaken by Norwegian saboteurs during World War II to prevent the German nuclear weapon project from acquiring heavy water (deuterium oxide), which could have been used by the Germans to produce nuclear weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Norwegian heavy water sabotage · See more »
Norwegian rocket incident
The Norwegian rocket incident, also known as the Black Brant scare, occurred on January 25, 1995, when a team of Norwegian and U.S. scientists launched a Black Brant XII four-stage sounding rocket from the Andøya Rocket Range off the northwestern coast of Norway.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Norwegian rocket incident · See more »
Novaya Zemlya
Novaya Zemlya (p, lit. the new land), also known as Nova Zembla (especially in Dutch), is an archipelago in the Arctic Ocean in northern Russia and the extreme northeast of Europe, the easternmost point of Europe lying at Cape Flissingsky on the Northern island.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Novaya Zemlya · See more »
Nuclear blackmail
Nuclear blackmail is a form of nuclear strategy in which an aggressor uses the threat of use of nuclear weapons to force an adversary to perform some action or make some concessions.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear blackmail · See more »
Nuclear disarmament
Nuclear disarmament is the act of reducing or eliminating nuclear weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear disarmament · See more »
Nuclear ethics
Nuclear ethics is a cross-disciplinary field of academic and policy-relevant study in which the problems associated with nuclear warfare, nuclear deterrence, nuclear arms control, nuclear disarmament, or nuclear energy are examined through one or more ethical or moral theories or frameworks.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear ethics · See more »
Nuclear fuel
Nuclear fuel is a substance that is used in nuclear power stations to produce heat to power turbines.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear fuel · See more »
Nuclear power
Nuclear power is the use of nuclear reactions that release nuclear energy to generate heat, which most frequently is then used in steam turbines to produce electricity in a nuclear power plant.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear power · See more »
Nuclear power programme in Pakistan
The Nuclear power programme in Pakistan started with the Karachi Nuclear Power Plant, also known as KANUPP, inaugurated November 28, 1972.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear power programme in Pakistan · See more »
Nuclear program of Iran
The nuclear program of Iran has included several research sites, two uranium mines, a research reactor, and uranium processing facilities that include three known uranium enrichment plants.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear program of Iran · See more »
Nuclear reactor
A nuclear reactor, formerly known as an atomic pile, is a device used to initiate and control a self-sustained nuclear chain reaction.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear reactor · See more »
Nuclear reprocessing
Nuclear reprocessing technology was developed to chemically separate and recover fissionable plutonium from spent nuclear fuel.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear reprocessing · See more »
Nuclear sharing
Nuclear sharing is a concept in NATO's policy of nuclear deterrence, which involves member countries without nuclear weapons of their own in the planning for the use of nuclear weapons by NATO.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear sharing · See more »
Nuclear Suppliers Group
The Nuclear Suppliers Group (NSG) is a multilateral export control regime and a group of nuclear supplier countries that seek to prevent nuclear proliferation by controlling the export of materials, equipment and technology that can be used to manufacture nuclear weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear Suppliers Group · See more »
Nuclear terrorism
Nuclear terrorism refers to an act of terrorism in which a person or people belonging to a terrorist organization detonates a nuclear device.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear terrorism · See more »
Nuclear warfare
Nuclear warfare (sometimes atomic warfare or thermonuclear warfare) is a military conflict or political strategy in which nuclear weaponry is used to inflict damage on the enemy.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear warfare · See more »
Nuclear weapon
A nuclear weapon is an explosive device that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions, either fission (fission bomb) or from a combination of fission and fusion reactions (thermonuclear bomb).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear weapon · See more »
Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom
In October 1952, the United Kingdom (UK) became the third country to independently develop and test nuclear weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear weapons and the United Kingdom · See more »
Nuclear weapons testing
Nuclear weapons tests are experiments carried out to determine the effectiveness, yield, and explosive capability of nuclear weapons.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear weapons testing · See more »
Nuclear-weapon-free zone
A nuclear-weapons-free zone (NWFZ) is defined by the United Nations as an agreement which a group of states has freely established by treaty or convention that bans the use, development, or deployment of nuclear weapons in a given area, that has mechanisms of verification and control to enforce its obligations, and that is recognized as such by the General Assembly of the United Nations.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Nuclear-weapon-free zone · See more »
Operation Opera
Operation Opera (מבצע אופרה.), also known as Operation Babylon, was a surprise Israeli air strike carried out on 7 June 1981, which destroyed an Iraqi nuclear reactor under construction 17 kilometers (10.5 miles) southeast of Baghdad.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Operation Opera · See more »
Operation Outside the Box
Operation Outside the Box (מבצע מחוץ לקופסה, Mivtza Michutz La'Kufsa) was an Israeli airstrike on a suspected nuclear reactor, Associated Press Latest Update: 04.28.11, 18:10 referred to as the Al Kibar site (also referred to in IAEA documents as Dair Alzour), in the Deir ez-Zor region of Syria, which occurred just after midnight (local time) on 6 September 2007.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Operation Outside the Box · See more »
Pakistan
Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Pakistan · See more »
Pakistan Armed Forces
The Pakistan Armed Forces (پاکستان مُسَلّح افواج, Pākistān Musallah Afwāj) are the military forces of Pakistan.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Pakistan Armed Forces · See more »
Pakistani Instrument of Surrender
The Pakistani Instrument of Surrender (পাকিস্তানের আত্মসমর্পণের দলিল, Pākistānēr Atmasamarpaṇēr Dalil) was a written agreement that enabled the surrender of the Pakistan Armed Forces on 16 December 1971 at the Ramna Race Course garden in Dhaka, thereby ending the Bangladesh Liberation War.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Pakistani Instrument of Surrender · See more »
Pan-European identity
Pan-European identity is the sense of personal identification with Europe, in a cultural, racial or political sense.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Pan-European identity · See more »
Parliament of the United Kingdom
The Parliament of the United Kingdom, commonly known as the UK Parliament or British Parliament, is the supreme legislative body of the United Kingdom, the Crown dependencies and overseas territories.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Parliament of the United Kingdom · See more »
People's Liberation Army
The Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA) is the armed forces of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and Communist Party of China (CPC).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and People's Liberation Army · See more »
Pierre Marie Gallois
Pierre Marie Gallois (29 June 1911 – 24 August 2010) was a French air force brigadier general and geopolitician.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Pierre Marie Gallois · See more »
Plutonium
Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Pu and atomic number 94.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Plutonium · See more »
Pokhran-II
Pokhran-II was the series of five nuclear bomb test explosions conducted by India at the Indian Army's Pokhran Test Range in May 1998.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Pokhran-II · See more »
Policy of deliberate ambiguity
A policy of deliberate ambiguity (also known as a policy of strategic ambiguity, strategic uncertainty) is the practice by a country of being intentionally ambiguous on certain aspects of its foreign policy or whether it possesses certain weapons of mass destruction.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Policy of deliberate ambiguity · See more »
President of the United States
The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and President of the United States · See more »
Prime Minister of India
The Prime Minister of India is the leader of the executive of the Government of India.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Prime Minister of India · See more »
Prime Minister of Pakistan
The Prime Minister of Pakistan (وزِیرِ اعظم —,; lit. "Grand Vizier") is the head of government of Pakistan and designated as the "chief executive of the Republic".
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Prime Minister of Pakistan · See more »
Radioactive decay
Radioactive decay (also known as nuclear decay or radioactivity) is the process by which an unstable atomic nucleus loses energy (in terms of mass in its rest frame) by emitting radiation, such as an alpha particle, beta particle with neutrino or only a neutrino in the case of electron capture, gamma ray, or electron in the case of internal conversion.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Radioactive decay · See more »
RDS-1
The RDS-1 (РДС-1), also known as Izdeliye 501 (device 501) and First Lightning, was the nuclear bomb used in the Soviet Union's first nuclear weapon test.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and RDS-1 · See more »
Reaction (physics)
As described by the third of Newton's laws of motion of classical mechanics, all forces occur in pairs such that if one object exerts a force on another object, then the second object exerts an equal and opposite reaction force on the first.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Reaction (physics) · See more »
Renovation of the nuclear weapon arsenal of the United States
The renovation of the nuclear weapon arsenal of the United States is the modernization, refurbishment and rebuilding of the nuclear arsenal of the United States of America.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Renovation of the nuclear weapon arsenal of the United States · See more »
Reuters
Reuters is an international news agency headquartered in London, United Kingdom.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Reuters · See more »
Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Russia · See more »
Sabotage
Sabotage is a deliberate action aimed at weakening a polity, effort or organization through subversion, obstruction, disruption or destruction.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Sabotage · See more »
Saclay
Saclay is a commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Saclay · See more »
Scomi Precision Engineering nuclear scandal
Syarikat Scomi Precision Engineering Sdn Bhd (SCOPE) was established under the Scomi group of companies controlled by Kamaluddin Abdullah, a businessman who is the son of former Malaysian Prime Minister Abdullah Ahmad Badawi.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Scomi Precision Engineering nuclear scandal · See more »
Scott Sagan
Scott Douglas Sagan (born 1955) is the Caroline S.G. Munro Professor of Political Science at Stanford University and Senior Fellow at Stanford's Center for International Security and Cooperation (CISAC).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Scott Sagan · See more »
Seabed Arms Control Treaty
The Seabed Arms Control Treaty (or Seabed Treaty, formally the Treaty on the Prohibition of the Emplacement of Nuclear Weapons and Other Weapons of Mass Destruction on the Sea-Bed and the Ocean Floor and in the Subsoil thereof) is a multilateral agreement between the United States, Soviet Union (now Russia), United Kingdom, and 91 other countries banning the emplacement of nuclear weapons or "weapons of mass destruction" on the ocean floor beyond a 12-mile (22.2 km) coastal zone.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Seabed Arms Control Treaty · See more »
Sergei Tretyakov (intelligence officer)
Colonel Sergei Olegovich Tretyakov (Russian: Сергей Олегович Третьяков; 5 October 1956 in Moscow – 13 June 2010) was a Russian SVR (foreign intelligence) officer, who defected to the United States in October 2000.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Sergei Tretyakov (intelligence officer) · See more »
Sino-Indian War
The Sino-Indian War (भारत-चीन युद्ध Bhārat-Chīn Yuddh), also known as the Sino-Indian Border Conflict, was a war between China and India that occurred in 1962.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Sino-Indian War · See more »
Six-party talks
The six-party talks aimed to find a peaceful resolution to the security concerns as a result of the North Korean nuclear weapons program.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Six-party talks · See more »
Smiling Buddha
Smiling BuddhaThis test has many code names.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Smiling Buddha · See more »
Sovereignty
Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Sovereignty · See more »
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union, officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) was a socialist state in Eurasia that existed from 1922 to 1991.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Soviet Union · See more »
Spent nuclear fuel
Spent nuclear fuel, occasionally called used nuclear fuel, is nuclear fuel that has been irradiated in a nuclear reactor (usually at a nuclear power plant).
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Spent nuclear fuel · See more »
State visit
A state visit is a formal visit by a head of state to a foreign country, at the invitation of that country's head of state, with the latter also acting as the official host for the duration of the state visit.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and State visit · See more »
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute
Stockholm International Peace Research Institute (SIPRI) is an international institute based in Sweden, dedicated to research into conflict, armaments, arms control and disarmament.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Stockholm International Peace Research Institute · See more »
Tarapur Atomic Power Station
Tarapur Atomic Power Station (T.A.P.S.) is located in Tarapur, Palghar, India.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Tarapur Atomic Power Station · See more »
Tehran International Conference on Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, 2010
Iran convened a conference titled "International Disarmament and Non-proliferation: World Security without Weapons of Mass Destruction" on 17 and 18 April 2010 in Tehran.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Tehran International Conference on Disarmament and Non-Proliferation, 2010 · See more »
The New York Times
The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and The New York Times · See more »
The Times of India
The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Times Group.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and The Times of India · See more »
The Washington Times
The Washington Times is an American daily newspaper that covers general interest topics with a particular emphasis on American politics.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and The Washington Times · See more »
Thorium
Thorium is a weakly radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Th and atomic number 90.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Thorium · See more »
Treason
In law, treason is the crime that covers some of the more extreme acts against one's nation or sovereign.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Treason · See more »
Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons
The Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons, commonly known as the Non-Proliferation Treaty or NPT, is an international treaty whose objective is to prevent the spread of nuclear weapons and weapons technology, to promote cooperation in the peaceful uses of nuclear energy, and to further the goal of achieving nuclear disarmament and general and complete disarmament.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons · See more »
United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and United Kingdom · See more »
United Nations
The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and United Nations · See more »
United Nations General Assembly
The United Nations General Assembly (UNGA or GA; Assemblée Générale AG) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations (UN), the only one in which all member nations have equal representation, and the main deliberative, policy-making and representative organ of the UN.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and United Nations General Assembly · See more »
United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission
The United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission (UNMOVIC) was created through the adoption of United Nations Security Council resolution 1284 of 17 December 1999 and its mission lasted until June 2007.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and United Nations Monitoring, Verification and Inspection Commission · See more »
United Nations Security Council
The United Nations Security Council (UNSC) is one of the six principal organs of the United Nations, charged with the maintenance of international peace and security as well as accepting new members to the United Nations and approving any changes to its United Nations Charter.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and United Nations Security Council · See more »
United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and United States · See more »
United States Department of State
The United States Department of State (DOS), often referred to as the State Department, is the United States federal executive department that advises the President and represents the country in international affairs and foreign policy issues.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and United States Department of State · See more »
University of California, Berkeley
The University of California, Berkeley (UC Berkeley, Berkeley, Cal, or California) is a public research university in Berkeley, California.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and University of California, Berkeley · See more »
University of Chicago
The University of Chicago (UChicago, U of C, or Chicago) is a private, non-profit research university in Chicago, Illinois.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and University of Chicago · See more »
Uranium
Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Uranium · See more »
Urenco Group
The Urenco Group is a nuclear fuel company operating several uranium enrichment plants in Germany, the Netherlands, United States, and United Kingdom.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Urenco Group · See more »
Watt
The watt (symbol: W) is a unit of power.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Watt · See more »
World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and World War II · See more »
Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center
The Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center is North Korea's major nuclear facility, operating its first nuclear reactors.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Yongbyon Nuclear Scientific Research Center · See more »
Yukiya Amano
is a Japanese diplomat and the current Director General of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA), having been elected to the position in July 2009.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Yukiya Amano · See more »
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto (5 January 1928 – 4 April 1979) was a Pakistani politician who served as the 9th Prime Minister of Pakistan from 1973 to 1977, and prior to that as the 4th President of Pakistan from 1971 to 1973.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and Zulfikar Ali Bhutto · See more »
2006 North Korean nuclear test
The 2006 North Korean nuclear test was the detonation of a nuclear device conducted by North Korea on October 9, 2006.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and 2006 North Korean nuclear test · See more »
2009 North Korean nuclear test
The 2009 North Korean nuclear test was the underground detonation of a nuclear device conducted on Monday, May 25, 2009 by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and 2009 North Korean nuclear test · See more »
2010 Nuclear Security Summit
The 2010 Nuclear Security Summit was a summit held in Washington, D.C., on April 12 and 13, 2010.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and 2010 Nuclear Security Summit · See more »
2013 North Korean nuclear test
On 12 February 2013, North Korean state media announced it had conducted an underground nuclear test, its third in seven years.
New!!: Nuclear proliferation and 2013 North Korean nuclear test · See more »
Redirects here:
Additional Protocol, Atomic proliferation, Atomic proliferations, Atomic weapons proliferation, Atomic weapons proliferations, Global arming, Non-proliferation, Nonproliferation, Nuclear Apartheid, Nuclear Weapons Proliferation, Nuclear apartheid, Nuclear armament, Nuclear non-proliferation, Nuclear nonproliferation, Nuclear proliferations, Nuclear weapons armament, Nuclear weapons proliferation, Nuclear weapons proliferations, Proliferation (nuclear weapons), Proliferation of atomic weapons, Proliferation of nuclear weapons.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclear_proliferation
