Bahraini uprising of 2011

The Bahraini uprising of 2011 was a series of anti-government protests in Bahrain led by the Shia-dominant Bahraini Opposition from 2011 until 2014. ^[1]

389 relations: A'ala Hubail, A'ali, ABC News, ABC News (Australia), Abdulhadi al-Khawaja, Abduljalil al-Singace, Abduljalil Khalil, Abdulwahab Hussain, Activism, Adam Curtis, Adel Mouwda, Agence France-Presse, Al Akhbar (Lebanon), Al Arabiya, Al Ayam (Bahrain), Al Bandar report, Al Daih, Al Jazeera, Al Jazeera English, Al Wefaq, Al-Ahram, Al-Monitor, Al-Wasat (Bahraini newspaper), Ali Abdullah Saleh, Ali Salman, Amber Lyon, Amnesty International, Arab News, Arab Spring, Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Arabian Business, Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Arrest of Ali Hasan, Artillery, As'ad AbuKhalil, As-Safir, Asif Ali Zardari, Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs, Associated Press, Ayat Al-Qurmezi, Ba'athism, Bahrain, Bahrain administrative reforms of the 1920s, Bahrain Bloody Thursday, Bahrain Centre for Human Rights, Bahrain Defence Force, Bahrain Financial Harbour, Bahrain Freedom Movement, Bahrain Grand Prix, Bahrain health worker trials, ..., Bahrain Human Rights Society, Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry, Bahrain national dialogue, Bahrain News Agency, Bahrain Online, Bahrain Petroleum Company, Bahrain Radio and Television Corporation, Bahrain Tamarod, Bahrain Thirteen, Bahrain Youth Society for Human Rights, Bahrain: Shouting in the Dark, Bahraini dinar, Bahraini general election, 1973, Bahraini general election, 2002, Bahraini general election, 2006, Bahraini general election, 2010, Bahraini independence survey, 1970, Bahraini opposition, Bahraini parliamentary by-election, 2011, Bahraini uprising of 2011, Baloch people, Balochistan, Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud, Bani Jamra, Bani Utbah invasion of Bahrain, BBC, BBC News, Belfast, Bell Pottinger, Bloomberg L.P., Brian Murphy (writer), Bruce Riedel, Budget of the United Kingdom, Bureau of Investigative Journalism, Business Insider, Cabinet of Bahrain, California State University, Capital punishment, Channel 4, Charles Belgrave, Civil resistance, CNN, CNN International, Coercion, Committee to Protect Journalists, Congressional Research Service, Constitution of Bahrain, Constitutional monarchy, Consultative Council (Bahrain), Corruption in Bahrain, Council of Representatives (Bahrain), Council on Foreign Relations, Courtney C. 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A'ala Hubail

A'ala Hubail (علاء حبيل; born 25 June 1982) is a Bahraini footballer who plays as a striker for Bahrain and Al-Ahli.

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A'ali

A'ali (عالي) is one of the biggest towns in Bahrain.

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ABC News

ABC News is the news division of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), owned by the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company.

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ABC News (Australia)

ABC News is a national news service in Australia produced by the News and Current Affairs division of the Australian Broadcasting Corporation.

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Abdulhadi al-Khawaja

Abdulhadi Abdulla Hubail al-Khawaja (عبد الهادي عبد الله حبيل الخواجة) is a Bahraini-Danish human rights activist.

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Abduljalil al-Singace

Abduljalil Abdulla al-Singace (عبدالجليل عبدالله السنكيس) (52-year-old) is a Bahraini engineer, blogger, and human rights activist.

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Abduljalil Khalil

Abduljalil Khalil Ibrahim Hassan (also Abdul Jalil; عبدالجليل خليل إبراهيم حسن; born 14 December 1961) is a Bahraini politician.

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Abdulwahab Hussain

Abdulwahab Hussain Ali Ahmed Esmael (عبدالوهاب حسين علي أحمد إسماعيل) is a Bahraini political activist,.

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Activism

Activism consists of efforts to promote, impede, or direct social, political, economic, or environmental reform or stasis with the desire to make improvements in society.

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Adam Curtis

Kevin Adam Curtis (born 26 May 1955) is a British documentary film-maker.

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Adel Mouwda

Sheikh Adel Al Mouwda was the second deputy chairman of Bahrain's parliament of 2002, the Chamber of Deputies, and the former leader of salafist party, Asalah.

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Agence France-Presse

Agence France-Presse (AFP) is an international news agency headquartered in Paris, France.

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Al Akhbar (Lebanon)

Al Akhbar (الأخبار, literally "The News") is a daily Arabic language newspaper published in a semi tabloid format in Beirut.

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Al Arabiya

Al Arabiya (العربية, transliterated: or; meaning "The Arabic One" or "The Arab One") is a Saudi-owned pan-Arab television news channel broadcast in Modern Standard Arabic.

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Al Ayam (Bahrain)

AlAyam (meaning The Days in English) is an Arabic newspaper published in Bahrain and based in Manama.

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Al Bandar report

The Al Bander report refers to an alleged political conspiracy by certain government officials in Bahrain to foment sectarian strife and marginalize the majority Shia community in the country.

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Al Daih

Al Daih (الديه) is a village on the north of Bahrain.

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Al Jazeera (translit,, literally "The Island", though referring to the Arabian Peninsula in context), also known as JSC (Jazeera Satellite Channel), is a state-funded broadcaster in Doha, Qatar, owned by the Al Jazeera Media Network.

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Al Jazeera English

Al Jazeera English (AJE) is an international state-funded 24-hour English-language news and current affairs TV channel owned and operated by Al Jazeera Media Network, headquartered in Doha, Qatar.

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Al Wefaq

Al-Wefaq National Islamic Society (جمعية الوفاق الوطني الإسلامية; transliterated: Jam'īyat al-Wifāq al-Waṭanī al-Islāmīyah), or Al-Wefaq for short, is a Bahraini political party.

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Al-Ahram

Al-Ahram (الأهرام; The Pyramids), founded on 5 August 1875, is the most widely circulating Egyptian daily newspaper, and the second oldest after al-Waqa'i`al-Masriya (The Egyptian Events, founded 1828).

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Al-Monitor

Al-Monitor (المونيتور) is a media site launched in February 2012 by the Arab American entrepreneur Jamal Daniel and based in Washington, DC.

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Al-Wasat (Bahraini newspaper)

Al-Wasat, also "Alwasat", is an Arabic-language daily newspaper in Manama, Bahrain.

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Ali Abdullah Saleh

Ali Abdullah Saleh (ʿAlī ʿAbdullāh Ṣāliḥ; 21 March 1947There is a dispute as to Saleh's date of birth, some saying that it was on 21 March 1942. See:. However, by Saleh's own confession, he was born in 1947. – 4 December 2017) was a Yemeni politician who served as the first President of Yemen, from Yemeni unification on 22 May 1990 to his resignation on 25 February 2012, following the Yemeni Revolution.

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Ali Salman

Ali Salman Ahmed Salman (علي سلمان أحمد سلمان) is a Bahraini Twelver Shi'a cleric and the Secretary-General of the Al-Wefaq political society.

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Amber Lyon

Amber Elizabeth Lyon (born November 9, 1982) is an American investigative journalist and photographer.

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Amnesty International

Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is a London-based non-governmental organization focused on human rights.

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Arab News

Arab News is an English-language daily newspaper published in Saudi Arabia.

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Arab Spring

The Arab Spring (الربيع العربي ar-Rabīʻ al-ʻArabī), also referred to as Arab Revolutions (الثورات العربية aṯ-'awrāt al-ʻarabiyyah), was a revolutionary wave of both violent and non-violent demonstrations, protests, riots, coups, foreign interventions, and civil wars in North Africa and the Middle East that began on 18 December 2010 in Tunisia with the Tunisian Revolution.

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Arab states of the Persian Gulf

The Arab states of the Persian Gulf are the seven Arab states which border the Persian Gulf, namely Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

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Arabian Business

Arabian Business is a weekly business magazine published in Dubai and focusing on the Middle East.

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Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran

The Armed Forces of the Islamic Republic of Iran (نيروهای مسلح جمهوری اسلامی ايران) include the Army (''Artesh''), the Revolutionary Guard Corps (''Sepāh'') and the Law Enforcement Force (Police).

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Arrest of Ali Hasan

Ali Hasan AlqudaihiAdrian Blomfield (11 June 2012).

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Artillery

Artillery is a class of large military weapons built to fire munitions far beyond the range and power of infantry's small arms.

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As'ad AbuKhalil

As'ad AbuKhalil (أسعد أبو خليل) (born March 16, 1960) is a Lebanese-American professor of political science at California State University, Stanislaus.

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As-Safir

As-Safir (السفير), meaning The Ambassador, was a leading Arabic-language daily newspaper in Lebanon.

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Asif Ali Zardari

Asif Ali Zardari (آصف علی زرداری; آصف علي زرداري; born 26 July 1955) is a Pakistani politician and the former co-chairperson of Pakistan People's Party.

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Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs

The Assistant Secretary of State for Near Eastern Affairs is the head of the Bureau of Near Eastern Affairs within the United States Department of State.

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Associated Press

The Associated Press (AP) is a U.S.-based not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.

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Ayat Al-Qurmezi

Ayat Hassan Mohammed Al-Qurmezi (آيات حسن محمد القرمزي; the surname is also transcribed Al-Qormezi, al-Ghermezi) (born January 1, 1991, Sanad, Bahrain) is a poet and student at the University of Bahrain Teaching Institute in Bahrain.

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Ba'athism

Ba'athism (البعثية, al-Ba'athiyah, from بعث ba'ath, meaning "renaissance" or "resurrection") is an Arab nationalist ideology that promotes the development and creation of a unified Arab state through the leadership of a vanguard party over a progressive revolutionary government.

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Bahrain

Bahrain (البحرين), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (مملكة البحرين), is an Arab constitutional monarchy in the Persian Gulf.

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Bahrain administrative reforms of the 1920s

The administrative reforms of the 1920s were a series of British-led reforms that have laid the foundations of modern Bahrain.

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Bahrain Bloody Thursday

Bahrain's Bloody Thursday (خميس البحرين الدامي) is the name given by protesters in Bahrain to 17 February 2011, the fourth day of their national uprising.

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Bahrain Centre for Human Rights

The Bahrain Centre for Human Rights is a Bahraini non-profit non-governmental organisation which works to promote human rights in Bahrain,.

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Bahrain Defence Force

The Military of Bahrain popularly known as Bahrain Defence Force (BDF) is under Bahrain's Ministry of Defence and a part of the government and is simply Bahrain Defence Force under a field marshal who is the commander-in-chief.

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Bahrain Financial Harbour

Bahrain Financial Harbour (commonly abbreviated as BFH) is a commercial development project, mainly completed in 2009, in Manama, the capital of Bahrain.

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Bahrain Freedom Movement

Bahrain Freedom Movement (Arabic: حركة أحرار البحرين الإسلامية, transliterated: Harakat Ahrar al-Bahrayn) is a London-based Bahraini opposition group which has its headquarters in a north London mosque.

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Bahrain Grand Prix

The Bahrain Grand Prix (جائزة البحرين الكبرى) is a Formula One Championship race in Bahrain sponsored by Gulf Air.

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Bahrain health worker trials

The Bahrain health worker trials were a series of legal cases in which forty-eight doctors, nurses, and dentists faced charges for their actions during the 2011-2012 Bahraini uprising.

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Bahrain Human Rights Society

The Bahrain Human Rights Society was set up in 2002 following wide ranging political reforms by the Bahraini government to allow the functioning of independent human rights groups.

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Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry

The Bahrain Independent Commission of Inquiry (BICI), also known locally in Bahrain as the Bassiouni Commission, was established by the King of Bahrain on 29 June 2011Bahrain News Agency,, 'International Reaction 'Bahrain News Agency, 29 June 2011 tasked with looking into the incidents that occurred during the period of unrest in Bahrain in February and March 2011 and the consequences of these events.

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Bahrain national dialogue

The Bahrain National Dialogue was an initiative instigated by King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa to promote reform and encourage discussion on the governance of Bahrain.

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Bahrain News Agency

The Bahrain News Agency (BNA) is the state news agency of Bahrain.

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Bahrain Online

Bahrain Online is a popular online forum and pro-democracy news website founded in 1999 by the Bahraini blogger Ali Abdulemam.

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Bahrain Petroleum Company

The Bahrain Petroleum Company (BAPCO) is an integrated national oil company of Bahrain.

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Bahrain Radio and Television Corporation

Bahrain Radio and Television Corporation (BRTC) is a public broadcaster in Manama, Bahrain.

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Bahrain Tamarod

Bahrain Tamarod (also spelled Bahrain Tamarrod; تمرد البحرين; literally "Bahrain Rebellion"), also known as August 14 Rebellion, was a three-day protest campaign in Bahrain that began on 14 August 2013, the forty-second anniversary of Bahrain Independence Day and the two-and-a-half-year anniversary of the Bahraini uprising.

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Bahrain Thirteen

The Bahrain Thirteen are thirteen Bahraini opposition leaders, rights activists, bloggers and Shia clerics arrested between 17 March and 9 April 2011 in connection with their role in the national uprising.

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Bahrain Youth Society for Human Rights

The Bahrain Youth Society for Human Rights (BYSHR) is a human rights organization of Bahrain founded in March 2005 which was active in the Bahraini uprising.

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Bahrain: Shouting in the Dark

Bahrain: Shouting in the Dark is a television documentary film produced by Qatar-based news channel Al Jazeera English about the Bahraini uprising (2011–present).

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Bahraini dinar

The dinar (دينار) (sign:.د.ب or BD; code: BHD) is the currency of Bahrain.

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Bahraini general election, 1973

General elections were held in Bahrain for the first time on 12 December 1973.

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Bahraini general election, 2002

General elections were held in Bahrain on 24 October 2002.

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Bahraini general election, 2006

General elections were held in Bahrain on 25 November 2006 for the 40-seat Council of Representatives alongside municipal elections.

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Bahraini general election, 2010

General elections were held in Bahrain with the first-round on 23 October 2010, and the second round on 30 October.

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Bahraini independence survey, 1970

An independence survey was held in the Persian Gulf island nation of Bahrain during 1970.

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Bahraini opposition

The Bahraini opposition refers to a group of political groups who are opposed to the Cabinet of Bahrain government and the ruling monarch of House of Khalifa.

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Bahraini parliamentary by-election, 2011

A parliamentary by-election was held in Bahrain on 24 September 2011 following the withdrawal of 18 members of the largest political party in parliament, al Wefaq, in protest at governmental actions during the Bahraini uprising.

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Bahraini uprising of 2011

The Bahraini uprising of 2011 was a series of anti-government protests in Bahrain led by the Shia-dominant Bahraini Opposition from 2011 until 2014.

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Baloch people

The Baloch or Baluch (Balochi) are a people who live mainly in the Balochistan region of the southeastern-most edge of the Iranian plateau in Pakistan, Iran, and Afghanistan, as well as in the Arabian Peninsula.

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Balochistan

Balōchistān (بلوچستان; also Balūchistān or Balūchestān, often interpreted as the Land of the Baloch) is an arid desert and mountainous region in south-western Asia.

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Bandar bin Sultan Al Saud

Bandar bin Sultan (born 2 March 1949) is a member of the House of Saud and was Saudi Arabia's ambassador to the United States from 1983 to 2005.

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Bani Jamra

Bani Jamra (بني جمرة) is a village in the north-west of Bahrain.

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Bani Utbah invasion of Bahrain

Bani Utbah invasion of Bahrain led to the end of Persian rule in Bahrain and the annexation of Bahrain by the Arabs.

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BBC

The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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Belfast

Belfast (is the capital city of Northern Ireland, located on the banks of the River Lagan on the east coast of Ireland.

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Bell Pottinger

Bell Pottinger Private (legally BPP Communications Ltd.; informally Bell Pottinger) was a British multinational public relations, reputation management and marketing company headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Bloomberg L.P.

Bloomberg L.P. is a privately held financial, software, data, and media company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.

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Brian Murphy (writer)

Brian Murphy (born 1959) is a journalist at the Washington Post and the author of several non-fiction books, including "The New Men," a chronicle of American seminarians in Rome, and "The Root of Wild Madder," about the carpet trade in Iran and Afghanistan.

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Bruce Riedel

Bruce O. Riedel (born 1953) is an American expert on U.S. security, South Asia, and counter-terrorism.

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Budget of the United Kingdom

The Autumn Budget of the British Government is an annual budget set by HM Treasury for the following financial year, with the revenues to be gathered by HM Revenue and Customs and the expenditures of the public sector, in compliance with government policy.

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Bureau of Investigative Journalism

The Bureau of Investigative Journalism (typically abbreviated to TBIJ or "the Bureau") is a nonprofit news organisation based in London.

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Business Insider

Business Insider is an American financial and business news website that also operates international editions in the UK, Australia, China, Germany, France, South Africa, India, Italy, Indonesia, Japan, Malaysia, Netherlands, Nordics, Poland, Spanish and Singapore.

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Cabinet of Bahrain

The Cabinet of Bahrain is the chief executive body of the Kingdom of Bahrain.

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California State University

California State University (Cal State or CSU) is a public university system in California.

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Capital punishment

Capital punishment, also known as the death penalty, is a government-sanctioned practice whereby a person is put to death by the state as a punishment for a crime.

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Channel 4

Channel 4 is a British public-service television broadcaster that began transmission on 2 November 1982.

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Charles Belgrave

Sir Charles Dalrymple Belgrave KBE (9 December 1894 – 28 February 1969) was a British citizen and advisor to the rulers of Bahrain from 1926 until 1957, as "Chief Administrator" or "adviserate".

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Civil resistance

Civil resistance is political action that relies on the use of nonviolent resistance by civil groups to challenge a particular power, force, policy or regime.

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CNN

Cable News Network (CNN) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel and an independent subsidiary of AT&T's WarnerMedia.

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CNN International

CNN International (CNNI), simply referred to on the channel as CNN, is an international 24-hour English language cable, satellite, IPTV and digital terrestrial television channel that is operated by CNN.

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Coercion

Coercion is the practice of forcing another party to act in an involuntary manner by use of threats or force.

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Committee to Protect Journalists

The Committee to Protect Journalists (CPJ) is an American independent non-profit, non-governmental organization, based in New York City, New York with correspondents around the world.

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Congressional Research Service

The Congressional Research Service (CRS), known as Congress's think tank, is a public policy research arm of the United States Congress.

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Constitution of Bahrain

Bahrain has had two constitutions in its modern history.

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Constitutional monarchy

A constitutional monarchy is a form of monarchy in which the sovereign exercises authority in accordance with a written or unwritten constitution.

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Consultative Council (Bahrain)

The Consultative Council (Majlis al-shura) is the name given to the upper house of the National Assembly, the main legislative body of Bahrain.

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Corruption in Bahrain

Transparency International's 2017 Corruption Perception Index ranks the country 103th place out of 180 countries.

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Council of Representatives (Bahrain)

The Council of Representatives (Majlis an-nuwab), sometimes translated as the "Chamber of Deputies", is the name given to the lower house of the Bahraini National Assembly, the main legislative body of Bahrain.

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Council on Foreign Relations

The Council on Foreign Relations (CFR), founded in 1921, is a United States nonprofit think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs.

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Courtney C. Radsch

Courtney Radsch (born 1979) is an American journalist, author and advocate for freedom of expression.

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Crossing Continents

Crossing Continents is a half-hour BBC Radio 4 documentary strand focusing on foreign affairs issues.

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Crown prince

A crown prince is the male heir apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy.

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David Cracknell

David Cracknell is a former journalist in the United Kingdom.

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Day of Rage (Bahrain)

Day of Rage (يوم الغضب) is the name given by protesters in Bahrain to 14 February 2011, the first day of their national uprising.

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Death of Abdulredha Buhmaid

Abdulredha Mohamed Hasan Buhmaid (or Buhamaid, عبدالرضا محمد حسن بوحميد) was a 28-year-old Bahraini protester shot by a live bullet in the head on 18 February 2011.

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Death of Ahmed Jaber al-Qattan

Ahmed Jaber Ali al-Qattan (أحمد جابر علي القطّان) was a 16 or 17-year-old Bahraini who died in a hospital on 6 October 2011 after reportedly being hit in the chest, abdomen and upper limb by bird pellet gunshots fired by Bahraini security forces during the Bahraini uprising (2011–present).

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Death of Ali Abdulhadi Mushaima

Ali Abdulhadi Saleh Jafar Mushaima (علي عبدالهادي صالح جعفر مشيمع) (26 August 1989 – 14 February 2011) was a 21-year-old Bahraini who on Monday 14 February 2011, the "Bahraini Day of Rage", became the first fatality of the Bahraini Uprising.

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Death of Ali Jawad al-Sheikh

Ali Jawad al-Sheikh (علي جواد الشيخ) was a 14-year-old Bahraini who died in the hospital on 31 August 2011 after reportedly being hit in the head by a tear gas canister shot by Bahraini security forces during the Bahraini uprising.

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Death of Fadhel Al-Matrook

Fadhel Salman Ali Salman Al-Matrook (فاضل سلمان علي سلمان المتروك) (8 November 1979 – 15 February 2011) was a 31-year-old Bahraini who died in hospital on 15 February 2011 after reportedly being hit in the back and chest by bird pellet gunshots (a type of shotgun shell) fired from short distance by Bahraini security forces during the Bahraini uprising (2011–present).

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Death row

Death row is a special section of a prison that houses inmates who are awaiting execution after being sentenced to death for the conviction of capital crimes.

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Demographics of Bahrain

This article is about the demographic features of the population of Bahrain, including population density, ethnicity, education level, health of the populace, economic status, religious affiliations and other aspects of the population.

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Demonstration (protest)

A demonstration or street protest is action by a mass group or collection of groups of people in favor of a political or other cause; it normally consists of walking in a mass march formation and either beginning with or meeting at a designated endpoint, or rally, to hear speakers.

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Destruction of Shia mosques during the 2011 Bahraini uprising

During the 2011 Bahraini uprising, as many as 43 Shia mosques, McClatchy Washington Bureau.

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Detention (imprisonment)

Detention is the process whereby a state or private citizen lawfully holds a person by removing his or her freedom or liberty at that time.

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Deutsche Presse-Agentur

Deutsche Presse-Agentur GmbH (DPA; German Press Agency) is a German news agency founded in 1949.

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Deutsche Welle

Deutsche Welle ("German wave" in German) or DW is Germany's public international broadcaster.

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Diraz

Diraz (الدراز) is the biggest and most populated village on the northwest coast of Bahrain.

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Earl of Clanwilliam

Earl of Clanwilliam is a title in the Peerage of Ireland.

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Economic sanctions

Economic sanctions are commercial and financial penalties applied by one or more countries against a targeted country, group, or individual.

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Egypt

Egypt (مِصر, مَصر, Khēmi), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.

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Egyptian revolution of 2011

The Egyptian revolution of 2011, locally known as the January 25 Revolution (ثورة 25 يناير), and as the Egyptian Revolution of Dignity began on 25 January 2011 and took place across all of Egypt.

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Eker

Eker (العكر) is an area in Bahrain, located near the villages of Nuwaidrat, Ma'ameer and the island of Sitra.

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Electrocution

Electrocution is death or serious injury caused by electric shock, electric current passing through the body.

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Elliott Abrams

Elliott Abrams (born January 24, 1948) is an American diplomat, lawyer, and political scientist who served in foreign policy positions for Presidents Ronald Reagan and George W. Bush.

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Emir

An emir (أمير), sometimes transliterated amir, amier, or ameer, is an aristocratic or noble and military title of high office used in a variety of places in the Arab countries, West African, and Afghanistan.

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Eni Faleomavaega

Eni Fa'aua'a Hunkin Faleomavaega Jr. (August 15, 1943 – February 22, 2017) was an American Samoan politician who served as the territory's lieutenant governor and congressional delegate.

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Ethan Bronner

Ethan Bronner (born 1954) is a senior editor at Bloomberg News following 17 years at The New York Times, most recently as deputy national editor.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Evidence

Evidence, broadly construed, is anything presented in support of an assertion.

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Execution by firing squad

Execution by firing squad, in the past sometimes called fusillading (from the French fusil, rifle), is a method of capital punishment, particularly common in the military and in times of war.

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Extreme poverty

Extreme poverty, abject poverty, absolute poverty, destitution, or penury, was originally defined by the United Nations in 1995 as "a condition characterized by severe deprivation of basic human needs, including food, safe drinking water, sanitation facilities, health, shelter, education and information.

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Fadhila Mubarak

Fadhila Mubarak (فضيلة مبارك) is a Bahraini democracy activist.

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False confession

A false confession is an admission of guilt for a crime for which the confessor is not responsible.

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Fauji Foundation

Fauji Foundation (فوجى فاؤنڈیشن, فوجي فائونڊيشن; lit. Soldier Foundation; initials: FF), is one of the largest financial services and one of the largest energy conglomerates in Pakistan, with interests in fertilizer, cement, food, power generation, gas exploration, LPG marketing and distribution, financial services, employment services, and security services.

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February 14 Youth Coalition

Coalition Youth of 14 Feb Revolution, sometimes called The Coalition is a Bahraini youth group, named after the date of the beginning of Bahrain's uprising, and led by anonymous individuals who organize protests chiefly via new-media sites.

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Financial Times

The Financial Times (FT) is a Japanese-owned (since 2015), English-language international daily newspaper headquartered in London, with a special emphasis on business and economic news.

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Force India

Force India Formula One Team Limited, competing as Sahara Force India F1 Team is a Formula One racing team based in Silverstone, United Kingdom, with an Indian licence.

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Foreign Affairs

Foreign Affairs is an American magazine of international relations and U.S. foreign policy published by the Council on Foreign Relations, a nonprofit, nonpartisan, membership organization and think tank specializing in U.S. foreign policy and international affairs.

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Foreign Policy

Foreign Policy is an American news publication, founded in 1970 and focused on global affairs, current events, and domestic and international policy.

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Foreign Policy in Focus

Foreign Policy In Focus (FPIF) is a project of the Institute for Policy Studies in Washington, DC.

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Formula One

Formula One (also Formula 1 or F1) is the highest class of single-seater auto racing sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) and owned by the Formula One Group.

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Foundation for Defense of Democracies

The Foundation for Defense of Democracies (FDD) is a think tank based in Washington, D.C., focusing on national security and foreign policy.

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Fox News

Fox News (officially known as the Fox News Channel, commonly abbreviated to FNC) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel owned by the Fox Entertainment Group, a subsidiary of 21st Century Fox.

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France 24

France 24 (pronounced "France vingt-quatre") is a state-owned 24-hour international news and current affairs television network based in Paris.

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Freedom House

Freedom House is a U.S.-based 501(c)(3) U.S. government-funded non-governmental organization (NGO) that conducts research and advocacy on democracy, political freedom, and human rights.

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Front Line Defenders

Front Line Defenders or The International Foundation for the Protection of Human Rights Defenders is an Irish-based human rights organisation founded in Dublin, Ireland in 2001 to protect human rights defenders at risk, i.e. those who work non-violently to uphold the human rights of others as outlined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights.

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G3 (company)

G3, or the Good Governance Group, is a strategic advisory consultancy which specialises in providing advice on risk mitigation, governance, cyber security and regulatory compliance.

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General Federation of Workers Trade Unions in Bahrain

The General Federation of Workers Trade Unions in Bahrain (GFWTUB) is a national trade union federation in Bahrain.

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General Intelligence Presidency

The General Intelligence Presidency (GIP); (رئاسة الاستخبارات العامة), also known as the General Intelligence Directorate (GID) is the primary intelligence agency of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

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General strike

A general strike (or mass strike) is a strike action in which a substantial proportion of the total labour force in a city, region, or country participates.

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Gerrymandering

Gerrymandering is a practice intended to establish a political advantage for a particular party or group by manipulating district boundaries.

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Ghanem Nuseibeh

Ghanem Nuseibeh (born 11 May 1977) is the founder of strategy and management consultancy, Cornerstone Global Associates.

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Ghassan bin Jiddo

Ghassan bin Jiddo (in Tunisian Arabic غسان بن جدو) (Anglicized also as Ghassan Ben Jeddou), (born 8 August 1962) a veteran Tunisian / Lebanese journalist, activist and the director of Beirut-based pan-Arab satellite television channel, Al Mayadeen.

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Gizmodo Media Group

Gizmodo Media Group is an online media company and blog network operated by Univision Communications in its Fusion Media Group division.

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Global Voices (NGO)

Global Voices is an international community of writers, bloggers and digital activists that aim to translate and report on what is being said in citizen media worldwide.

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Google

Google LLC is an American multinational technology company that specializes in Internet-related services and products, which include online advertising technologies, search engine, cloud computing, software, and hardware.

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Google Earth

Google Earth is a computer program that renders a 3D representation of Earth based on satellite imagery.

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Google News

Google News is a news aggregator and app developed by Google.

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Government of the United Kingdom

The Government of the United Kingdom, formally referred to as Her Majesty's Government, is the central government of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

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Graeme Lamb

Lieutenant General Sir Graeme Cameron Maxwell Lamb (born 21 May 1953) is a retired British Army officer.

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Gulf Air

Gulf Air (طيران الخليج Ṭayarān al-Khalīj) is the flag carrier of Bahrain.

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Gulf Cooperation Council

The Cooperation Council for the Arab States of the Gulf (مجلس التعاون لدول الخليج العربية), originally (and still colloquially) known as the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC, مجلس التعاون الخليجي), is a regional intergovernmental political and economic union consisting of all Arab states of the Persian Gulf except Iraq.

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Gulf Daily News

The Gulf Daily News is an English-language newspaper published in the Kingdom of Bahrain by Al Hilal Group.

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Gunshot

A gunshot is a single discharge of a gun, typically a man-portable firearm, producing a visible flash, a powerful and loud shockwave and often chemical gunshot residue.

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Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa

Hamad bin Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (حمد بن عيسى بن سلمان آل خليفة; born 28 January 1950) is the first King of Bahrain (since 14 February 2002), having previously been its second Emir (from 6 March 1999).

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Hamad Town

Madinat Hamad or Hamad Town (مدينة حمد; transliterated: Madīnat Ḥamad) is a primarily commuter city within northern Bahrain.

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Haq Movement

The Haq Movement for Liberty and Democracy (حركة حق حركة الحريات و الديمقراطية) is an opposition political organization in Bahrain founded in November 2005 with Hasan Mushaima as its secretary general.

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Hasan Mushaima

Hasan Mushaima (حسن مشيمع) is an opposition leader in Bahrain and the secretary-general of the Haq Movement, an important opposition party in Bahrain.

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Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Prisons

Her Majesty's Chief Inspector of Prisons is the head of HM Inspectorate of Prisons and the senior inspector of prisons, young offender institutions and immigration service detention and removal centres in England and Wales.

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Hezbollah

Hezbollah (pronounced; حزب الله, literally "Party of Allah" or "Party of God")—also transliterated Hizbullah, Hizballah, etc.

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Hindustan Times

Hindustan Times is an Indian English-language daily newspaper founded in 1924 with roots in the Indian independence movement of the period ("Hindustan" being a historical name for India).

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Hosni Mubarak

Muhammad Hosni El Sayed Mubarak (محمد حسني السيد مبارك,,; born 4 May 1928) is a former Egyptian military and political leader who served as the fourth President of Egypt from 1981 to 2011.

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House of Khalifa

The House of Khalifa (آل خليفة Āl Khalīfah) is the ruling family of Bahrain.

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House of Saud

The House of Saud (Āl Suʻūd) is the ruling royal family of Saudi Arabia.

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HuffPost

HuffPost (formerly The Huffington Post and sometimes abbreviated HuffPo) is a liberal American news and opinion website and blog that has both localized and international editions.

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Hugh Tomlinson

Hugh Richard Edward Tomlinson QC (born January 1954 in Leeds) is an English barrister, a prominent English translator of the philosopher Gilles Deleuze and a founding member of Matrix Chambers.

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Human rights

Human rights are moral principles or normsJames Nickel, with assistance from Thomas Pogge, M.B.E. Smith, and Leif Wenar, December 13, 2013, Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy,, Retrieved August 14, 2014 that describe certain standards of human behaviour and are regularly protected as natural and legal rights in municipal and international law.

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Human Rights First

Human Rights First (formerly known as the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan human rights organization based in New York City and Washington, D.C.

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Human rights in Bahrain

Bahrain's record on human rights has been described by Human Rights Watch as "dismal", and having "deteriorated sharply in the latter half of 2010".

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Human Rights Watch

Human Rights Watch (HRW) is an international non-governmental organization that conducts research and advocacy on human rights.

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Ian Henderson (police officer)

Ian Stuart McWalter Henderson (alt. Ian Stewart McWalter Henderson, Ian Stewart MacWalter Henderson), CBE GM and bar (1927 – 13 April 2013) was a British citizen known for his role in resolving the Mau Mau crisis in Kenya in the late 1950s and also for managing the Bahraini General Directorate for State Security Investigations from 1966–1998.

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Ibrahim Sharif

Ibrahim Sharif al-Sayed (ابراهيم شريف السيد) is an opposition political activist in Bahrain, currently serving as the General Secretary of the secular socialist National Democratic Action Society (Wa'ad).

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IFEX (organization)

IFEX, formerly the International Freedom of Expression Exchange, is a global network of over 119 independent non-governmental organisations working at the local, national, regional and international level to defend and promote freedom of expression as a fundamental human right.

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Independence Day (Bahrain)

Bahrain Independence Day occurred on 14 August 1971, when the country declared independence from the British following a United Nations survey of the Bahraini population.

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Index on Censorship

Index on Censorship is a campaigning publishing organisation for freedom of expression, which produces a quarterly magazine of the same name from London.

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Information Affairs Authority

The Information Affairs Authority refers to Bahrain's ministry of information.

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Intelligence agency

An intelligence agency is a government agency responsible for the collection, analysis, and exploitation of information in support of law enforcement, national security, military, and foreign policy objectives.

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Iran

Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).

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Iranian Students News Agency

The Iranian Students News Agency (ISNA) is a news organization run by Iranian university students.

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Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

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IRevolution: Online Warriors of the Arab Spring

iRevolution: Online Warriors of the Arab Spring is a documentary on Arab Spring in Bahrain (also known as the Bahraini uprising) prepared by journalist Amber Lyon for CNN.

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Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa

Isa bin Salman Al Khalifa (3 June 1933 – 6 March 1999) was the first emir of Bahrain from 1961 until his death.

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Isa Qassim

Ayatollah Sheikh Isa Ahmed Qassim (Arabic: آية الله الشيخ عيسى أحمد قاسم) is Bahrain's leading Shia cleric and a politician.

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Islam in Bahrain

Islam is the state religion in Bahrain.

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Islamic Action Society

The Islamic Action Society (جمعية العمل الإسلامي Jamʿiyyat al-ʿAmal al-Islāmī), also referred to as Amal Party (أمل), is one of the main Islamist political parties in Bahrain, and mainly appeals to Shīʻa followers of the Islamic philosopher Mohammad Hussaini Shirazi (1928-2001), who are known as "the Shirāzī faction".

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Islamic Republic News Agency

The Islamic Republic News Agency (خبرگزاری جمهوری اسلامی), or IRNA, is the official news agency of the Islamic Republic of Iran.

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Jeffrey D. Feltman

Jeffrey David Feltman (born 1959) is an American diplomat and is the United Nations Under-Secretary-General for Political Affairs.

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Joe Trippi

Joseph Paul Trippi (born June 10, 1956) is a longtime Democratic strategist who has worked on several Gubernatorial, United States Senate and Congressional campaigns, including Jerry Brown for Governor of California and, most recently, Doug Jones for U.S. Senate in Alabama.

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Jordan

Jordan (الْأُرْدُنّ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River.

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Judiciary of Bahrain

The Judiciary of Bahrain is the court system of Bahrain.

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Jumu'ah

Jumu'ah (صلاة الجمعة, ṣalāt al-jumu‘ah, "Friday prayer"), is a congregational prayer (ṣalāt) that Muslims hold every Friday, just after noon instead of the Zuhr prayer.

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Kafir

Kafir (كافر; plural كَافِرُونَ, كفّار or كَفَرَة; feminine كافرة) is an Arabic term (from the root K-F-R "to cover") meaning "unbeliever", or "disbeliever".

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Karim Fakhrawi

Karim Fakhrawi, also known as Abdulkarim Ali Ahmed Fakhrawi, (1962? – 12 April 2011) was the co-founder of Al-Wasat, considered one of the more popular newspapers in Bahrain by winning numerous awards.

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Karzakan

Karzakan (كرزكان) is a village in Bahrain.

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Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa with its capital and largest city in Nairobi.

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Khalid bin Ahmed Al Khalifa

Khalid bin Ahmed Al Khalifa (born 24 April 1960) is a Bahraini diplomat who has served as Bahrain's Minister of Foreign Affairs since 2005.

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Khalifa Al Dhahrani

Khalifa bin Ahmed Al Dhahrani (خليفة بن أحمد الظهراني, born 1942) is a Bahraini politician, currently serving as the Speaker of the Council of Representatives of Bahrain.

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Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa

Prince Khalifa bin Salman Al Khalifa (خليفة بن سلمان آل خليفة.) (born 24 November 1935) has been the Prime Minister of Bahrain from 1970, taking office nearly two years before Bahrain's independence on 15 August 1971.

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Khutbah

Khutbah (Arabic: خطبة khuṭbah, hutbe) serves as the primary formal occasion for public preaching in the Islamic tradition.

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King Fahd Causeway

The King Fahd Causeway (جسر الملك فهد, Jisr al-Malik Fahd) is a series of bridges and causeways connecting Saudi Arabia and Bahrain.

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King of Bahrain

The King of Bahrain (ملك البحرين) is the monarch and head of state of Bahrain.

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Knowledge (legal construct)

In law, knowledge is one of the degrees of mens rea that constitute part of a crime.

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List of modern conflicts in the Middle East

This is a list of modern conflicts in the Middle East ensuing in the geographic and political region known as the Middle East.

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London Evening Standard

The London Evening Standard (or simply Evening Standard) is a local, free daily newspaper, published Monday to Friday in tabloid format in London.

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Los Angeles Times

The Los Angeles Times is a daily newspaper which has been published in Los Angeles, California since 1881.

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Lower house

A lower house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature, the other chamber being the upper house.

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M&C Saatchi

M&C Saatchi is an international advertising agency network formed in January 1995 by Jeremy Sinclair (Chairman), Bill Muirhead, David Kershaw (Chief Executive) and the brothers Maurice Saatchi and Charles Saatchi.

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M. Cherif Bassiouni

Mahmoud Cherif Bassiouni (9 December 1937 – 25 September 2017) was an Emeritus Professor of Law at DePaul University where he taught from 1964 to 2012.

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Mahmood Al-Yousif

Mahmood Al-Yousif (محمود اليوسف) (born 1962) also known as The Blogfather is a highly influential Web-log Award (Bloggie) nominated Bahraini blogger and political activist.

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Malaysia

Malaysia is a federal constitutional monarchy in Southeast Asia.

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Manama

Manama (المنامة Bahrani pronunciation) is the capital and largest city of Bahrain, with an approximate population of 157,000 people.

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Mansoor al-Jamri

Mansoor al-Jamri (also Mansour; منصور الجمري; born 17 December 1961) is a Bahraini columnist, author, human rights activist and former opposition leader.

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March Intifada

The March Intifada (انتفاضة مارس) was an uprising that broke out in Bahrain in March 1965.

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March of loyalty to martyrs

The March of loyalty to martyrs (مسيرة الوفاء للشهداء masīra al-wafāʾ ash-shuhadāʾ) was a protest on 22 February 2011 in Manama, Bahrain.

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Margaret Warner

Margaret Garrard Warner (born February 12, 1950) is a senior correspondent for The PBS NewsHour.

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Martial law

Martial law is the imposition of direct military control of normal civilian functions of government, especially in response to a temporary emergency such as invasion or major disaster, or in an occupied territory. Martial law can be used by governments to enforce their rule over the public.

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Maryam al-Khawaja

Maryam Abdulhadi Al-Khawaja (مريم عبد الهادي الخواجة, b. 26 June 1987) is a Bahraini human rights defender.

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Matar Matar

Matar Ebrahim Ali Matar (also spelled Mattar Mattar; مطر إبراهيم علي مطر; born 3 May 1976) is a Bahraini politician of the Al Wefaq party who served as a Member of Parliament (MP) from October 2010 until his resignation in early 2011.

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Médecins Sans Frontières

Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF; pronounced), also known in English as Doctors Without Borders, is an international humanitarian medical non-governmental organisation (NGO) of French origin best known for its projects in conflict zones and in countries affected by endemic diseases.

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Mercenary

A mercenary is an individual who is hired to take part in an armed conflict but is not part of a regular army or other governmental military force.

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Michael Slackman

Michael Slackman is an American journalist for The New York Times.

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Military

A military or armed force is a professional organization formally authorized by a sovereign state to use lethal or deadly force and weapons to support the interests of the state.

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Ministry of Interior (Bahrain)

The Ministry of the Interior is responsible for law enforcement and public safety in Bahrain.

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Mohamed Albuflasa

Mohamed Yousif Rashid Albuflasa (Arabic: محمد يوسف راشد البوفلاسة; born 1 January 1975) is a Bahraini poet, writer, former independent candidate for the Bahraini Parliament in the 2010 Parliamentary elections and a member of the Bahraini youth parliament.

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Mohamed Bouazizi

Tarek el-Tayeb Mohamed Bouazizi (محمد البوعزيزي; 29 March 1984 – 4 January 2011) was a Tunisian street vendor who set himself on fire on 17 December 2010, which became a catalyst for the Tunisian Revolution and the wider Arab Spring against autocratic regimes.

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Mohamed Hubail

Mohamed Hubail (born 23 June 1981) is a Bahraini footballer who was sentenced to a two-year term of imprisonment by a special security court in Bahrain after taking part in pro-democratic reform protests in Bahrain in 2011.

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Mohamed Morsi

Mohamed MorsiThe spellings of his first and last names vary.

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Mohammed al-Maskati

Mohammed Abdulnabi al-Maskati (Arabic:محمد عبدالنبي المسقطي) is a Bahraini human rights activist and digital security consultant with Front Line Defenders for Middle East and North Africa.

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Mohammed al-Tajer

Mohammed Issa al-Tajer (محمد عيسى التاجر) is a Bahraini human rights lawyer detained in April 2011, apparently for his role in defending Arab Spring protesters.

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Montreal Gazette

The Montreal Gazette, formerly titled The Gazette, is the only English-language daily newspaper published in Montreal, Quebec, Canada, after three other daily English newspapers shut down at various times during the second half of the 20th century.

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Nabeel Rajab

Nabeel Ahmed Abdulrasool Rajab (نبيل أحمد عبدالرسول رجب, born on 1 September 1964) is a Bahraini human rights activist and opposition leader.

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National Action Charter of Bahrain

The National Action Charter of Bahrain is a document put forward by King Hamad ibn Isa Al Khalifah of Bahrain in 2001 in order to end the popular 1990s Uprising and return the country to constitutional rule.

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National Assembly (Bahrain)

The National Assembly is the name of both chambers of the Bahraini parliament when sitting in joint session, as laid out in the Constitution of 2002.

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National Democratic Action Society

The National Democratic Action Society - Wa'ad (جمعية العمل الوطني الديمقراطي - وعد) is Bahrain's largest leftist political party.

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National Guard (Bahrain)

The National Guard is currently commanded by Lieutenant-General Mohammed bin Isa Al Khalifa, brother of King Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa.

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National Journal

National Journal is a research and advisory services company based in Washington, D.C. offering services in government affairs, advocacy communications and policy brands research for government and business leaders.

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National Security Agency (Bahrain)

The National Security Agency or National Security Apparatus (جهاز الأمن الوطني) is an investigating authority in Bahrain that is associated with but not formally part of the Ministry of the Interior.

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National Union Committee

The National Union Committee (هيئة الاتحاد الوطني) was a nationalist reformist political organization formed in Bahrain in 1954 (originally named the Higher Executive Committee, الهيئة التنفيذية العليا).

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Naval Support Activity Bahrain

Naval Support Activity Bahrain (or NSA Bahrain) is a United States Navy base, situated in the Kingdom of Bahrain and is home to U.S. Naval Forces Central Command and United States Fifth Fleet.

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New York City Bar Association

The New York City Bar Association (City Bar), founded in 1870, is a voluntary association of lawyers and law students.

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Nic Robertson

Nic Robertson (born 1962) is the International Diplomatic Editor of CNN.

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Nonviolent resistance

Nonviolent resistance (NVR or nonviolent action) is the practice of achieving goals such as social change through symbolic protests, civil disobedience, economic or political noncooperation, satyagraha, or other methods, while being nonviolent.

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Nonviolent revolution

A nonviolent revolution is a revolution using mostly campaigns with civil resistance, including various forms of nonviolent protest, to bring about the departure of governments seen as entrenched and authoritarian.

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Nuwaidrat

Nuwaidrat (Arabic: النويدرات) is a village located in Bahrain, close to Sitra; it was formerly part of the Sitra Municipality.

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Oman

Oman (عمان), officially the Sultanate of Oman (سلطنة عُمان), is an Arab country on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia.

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Pakistan

Pakistan (پاکِستان), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan (اِسلامی جمہوریہ پاکِستان), is a country in South Asia.

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PBS NewsHour

The PBS NewsHour is an American daily evening television news program that is broadcast on the Public Broadcasting Service (PBS), airing seven nights a week on more than 350 of the public broadcaster's member stations.

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Pearl Roundabout

Pearl Roundabout or Lulu Roundabout (Arabic:, "Roundabout of the pearl(s)") was a roundabout located near the financial district of Manama, Bahrain.

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PEN International

PEN International (known as International PEN until 2010) is a worldwide association of writers, founded in London in 1921 to promote friendship and intellectual co-operation among writers everywhere.

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Peninsula Shield Force

The Peninsula Shield Force (or Peninsula Shield) (دِرْعُ الجَزيرَة) is the military arm of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC).

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Persian Gulf

The Persian Gulf (lit), (الخليج الفارسي) is a mediterranean sea in Western Asia.

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Physical abuse

Physical abuse is any intentional act causing injury or trauma to another person or animal by way of bodily contact.

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Physicians for Human Rights

Physicians for Human Rights (PHR) is a US-based not-for-profit human rights NGO that uses medicine and science to document and advocate against mass atrocities and severe human rights violations around the world.

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Political freedom

Political freedom (also known as political autonomy or political agency) is a central concept in history and political thought and one of the most important features of democratic societies.

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Politics of Saudi Arabia

The politics of Saudi Arabia takes place in the context of a totalitarian absolute monarchy with some Islamic lines, where the King is both the head of state and government.

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Poverty threshold

The poverty threshold, poverty limit or poverty line is the minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country.

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Press release

A press release, news release, media release, press statement or video release is a written or recorded communication directed at members of the news media for the purpose of announcing something ostensibly newsworthy.

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Prime Minister of Bahrain

In Bahrain, the Prime Minister is the head of government of the country.

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Prison

A prison, also known as a correctional facility, jail, gaol (dated, British English), penitentiary (American English), detention center (American English), or remand center is a facility in which inmates are forcibly confined and denied a variety of freedoms under the authority of the state.

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Prison officer

A prison officer (UK and Ireland, and the official English title in Denmark, Finland, and Sweden), also known as corrections officer (New Zealand, US), correctional officer (Australia, Canada, Jamaica, and US), detention officer (US) or penal officer (US), is a person responsible for the supervision, safety, and security of prisoners in a prison, jail, or similar form of secure custody.

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Private Eye

Private Eye is a British fortnightly satirical and current affairs news magazine, founded in 1961.

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Project on Middle East Democracy

The Project on Middle East Democracy (POMED) is a nonprofit, nonpartisan organization based in Washington, D.C., dedicated to examining how genuine democracies can develop in the Middle East and how the United States can best support that process.

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ProPublica

ProPublica is an American nonprofit organization based in New York City.

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Protectorate

A protectorate, in its inception adopted by modern international law, is a dependent territory that has been granted local autonomy and some independence while still retaining the suzerainty of a greater sovereign state.

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Public opinion

Public opinion consists of the desires, wants, and thinking of the majority of the people; it is the collective opinion of the people of a society or state on an issue or problem.

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Qatif

Qatif or Al-Qatif (القطيف Al-Qaṭīf) is a governorate and urban area located in Eastern Province, Saudi Arabia.

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Qorvis

Qorvis Communications is an international Washington, D.C.-based public relations, advertising, media relations and crisis communications firm.

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Rashid bin Abdullah Al Khalifa

Rashid bin Abdullah Al Khalifa is a Bahraini royal and interior minister of Bahrain.

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Religious war

A religious war or holy war (bellum sacrum) is a war primarily caused or justified by differences in religion.

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Reporters Without Borders

Reporters Without Borders (RWB), or Reporters Sans Frontières (RSF), is an international non-profit, non-governmental organization that promotes and defends freedom of information and freedom of the press.

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Reprieve (organisation)

Reprieve is a nonprofit organisation of international lawyers and investigators whose stated goal is to "fight for the victims of extreme human rights abuses with legal action and public education".

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Reuters

Reuters is an international news agency headquartered in London, United Kingdom.

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Revenge

Revenge is a form of justice enacted in the absence or defiance of the norms of formal law and jurisprudence.

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Revolutionary wave

A revolutionary wave or revolutionary decade is a series of revolutions occurring in various locations within a similar time span.

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Riffa

Riffa (الرفاع), formerly known in English as Ruffin, is the second largest city in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

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Rifle

A rifle is a portable long-barrelled firearm designed for precision shooting, to be held with both hands and braced against the shoulder for stability during firing, and with a barrel that has a helical pattern of grooves ("rifling") cut into the bore walls.

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Roadblock

A roadblock is a temporary installation set up to control or block traffic along a road.

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Robert Fisk

Robert Fisk (born 12 July 1946) is an English writer and journalist.

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Robert Gates

Robert Michael Gates (born September 25, 1943) is an American statesman, scholar, intelligence analyst, and university president who served as the 22nd United States Secretary of Defense from 2006 to 2011.

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Royal United Services Institute

The Royal United Services Institute for Defence and Security Studies (RUSI), sometimes still referred to by its pre-2004 name, the Royal United Services Institution, is a British defence and security think tank.

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RT (TV network)

RT (formerly Russia Today) is a Russian international television network funded by the Russian government.

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Rubber bullet

Rubber bullets (also called rubber baton rounds) are rubber or rubber-coated projectiles that can be fired from either standard firearms or dedicated riot guns.

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Rwandan genocide

The Rwandan genocide, also known as the genocide against the Tutsi, was a genocidal mass slaughter of Tutsi in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority government.

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Saeed al-Shehabi

Saeed al-Shehabi (Arabic:سعيد الشهابي, born 1954) is a London-based Bahraini political activist, journalist, commentator and member of the Bahrain Freedom Movement Mahdi Amirisefat, Press TV, February 15, 2009.

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Salman, Crown Prince of Bahrain

Prince Salman bin Hamad bin Isa Al Khalifa, Deputy King, Crown Prince of Bahrain (سلمان بن حمد آل خليفة, born 21 October 1969) is the heir apparent and First Deputy Prime Minister of the Kingdom of Bahrain.

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Salmaniya Medical Complex

Salmaniya Medical Complex (مجمع السلمانية الطبي) is a public hospital situated in the Salmaniya district of Manama in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

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Salon (website)

Salon is an American news and opinion website, created by David Talbot in 1995 and currently owned by the Salon Media Group.

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Sanabis

Sanabis (سنابس.) is a village located in the Kingdom of Bahrain, in the suburbs of the capital city, Manama.

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Sar, Bahrain

Sar or Saar is a residential area in Bahrain, to the west of the capital, Manama.

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Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Saudi-led intervention in Bahrain

The Saudi-led intervention in Bahrain began on 14 March 2011 to assist the Bahraini government in suppressing an anti-government uprising in the country.

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Scoop (website)

Scoop.co.nz is a New Zealand internet news site run by Scoop Media Limited, part of the Scoop Media Cartel.

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Sectarianism

Sectarianism is a form of bigotry, discrimination, or hatred arising from attaching relations of inferiority and superiority to differences between subdivisions within a group.

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Self-immolation

Self-immolation is an act of killing oneself as a sacrifice.

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Sexual assault

Sexual assault is an act in which a person coerces or physically forces a person to engage in a sexual act against their will.

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Shia Islam

Shia (شيعة Shīʿah, from Shīʻatu ʻAlī, "followers of Ali") is a branch of Islam which holds that the Islamic prophet Muhammad designated Ali ibn Abi Talib as his successor (Imam), most notably at the event of Ghadir Khumm.

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Shia–Sunni relations

Sunni Islam and Shia Islam are the two major denominations of Islam.

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Shotgun shell

A shotgun shell is a self-contained cartridge typically loaded with multiple metallic "shot", which are small, generally spherical projectiles.

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Siege of Eker

The Siege of Eker refers to the Bahraini security forces imposing a lockdown of the village of Eker, situated about 20 km south of the capital Manama, Bahrain.

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Sight (device)

A sight is an aiming device used to assist in visually aligning ranged weapons, surveying instruments or optical illumination equipments with the intended target.

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Silencer (firearms)

A silencer, suppressor, sound suppressor, or sound moderator is a device that reduces the sound intensity and muzzle flash when a firearm or air gun is discharged.

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Sitra

Sitra (سترة or سِتْرَة, As-Sitra), also known as Sitrah (script) or Sitra Island (script), is an island in Bahrain.

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Social media

Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.

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Solitary confinement

Solitary confinement is a form of imprisonment in which an inmate is isolated from any human contact, often with the exception of members of prison staff, for 22–24 hours a day, with a sentence ranging from days to decades.

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Special Security Force Command

The Special Security Force Command (قيادة قوة الأمن الخاصة) is a paramilitary law enforcement body in Bahrain under the command of the Ministry of the Interior.

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Staff writer

In journalism, a staff writer byline indicates that the author of the article is an employee of the periodical, as opposed to being an independent freelance writer.

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State media

State media or state-owned media is media for mass communication which is "controlled financially and editorially by the state."Webster, David.

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State of emergency

A state of emergency is a situation in which a government is empowered to perform actions that it would normally not be permitted.

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Stephen Zunes

Stephen Zunes (born 1956) is an American international relations scholar specializing in the Middle Eastern politics, U.S. foreign policy, and strategic nonviolent action.

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Strike (attack)

A strike is a directed physical attack with either a part of the human body or with an inanimate object (such as a weapon) intended to cause blunt trauma or penetrating trauma upon an opponent.

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Sunlight Foundation

The Sunlight Foundation is an American 501(c)(3) nonpartisan, nonprofit organization that advocates for open government.

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Syria

Syria (سوريا), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (الجمهورية العربية السورية), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.

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Takbir

The Takbīr (تَكْبِير), also transliterated Tekbir or Takbeer, is the Arabic phrase (الله أكبر), usually translated as "God is greatest".

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Tamarod

Tamarod (تـمـرد tamarrud, "rebellion") is an Egyptian grassroots movement that was founded to register opposition to President Mohamed Morsi and force him to call early presidential elections.

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Tashan, Bahrain

Tashan (Arabic:طشان) is a village located in the Kingdom of Bahrain, on the western outskirts of the capital city Manama.

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Tear gas

Tear gas, formally known as a lachrymator agent or lachrymator (from the Latin lacrima, meaning "tear"), sometimes colloquially known as mace,"Mace" is a brand name for a tear gas spray is a chemical weapon that causes severe eye and respiratory pain, skin irritation, bleeding, and even blindness.

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Tehran

Tehran (تهران) is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province.

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Teymoor Nabili

Teymoor Nabili is a veteran journalist and broadcaster, and CEO of a startup online news venture called "The Signal".

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The Christian Science Monitor

The Christian Science Monitor (CSM) is a nonprofit news organization that publishes daily articles in electronic format as well as a weekly print edition.

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The Daily Star (Lebanon)

The Daily Star is a pan–Middle East newspaper in English that is edited in Beirut, Lebanon but deals with the whole Middle East.

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The Daily Telegraph

The Daily Telegraph, commonly referred to simply as The Telegraph, is a national British daily broadsheet newspaper published in London by Telegraph Media Group and distributed across the United Kingdom and internationally.

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The Express Tribune

The Express Tribune is a major daily English-language newspaper based in Pakistan.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The Hill (newspaper)

The Hill is an American political newspaper and website published in Washington, D.C. since 1994.

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The Independent

The Independent is a British online newspaper.

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The Irish Times

The Irish Times is an Irish daily broadsheet newspaper launched on 29 March 1859.

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The Jakarta Post

The Jakarta Post is a daily English language newspaper in Indonesia.

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The McClatchy Company

The McClatchy Company is a publicly traded American publishing company based in Sacramento, California.

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The Nation (Pakistan)

The Nation is an English-language daily newspaper based in Lahore, Pakistan since 1986.

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The National Interest

The National Interest (TNI) is an American bimonthly international affairs magazine published by the Center for the National Interest.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Philippine Star

The Philippine Star (self-styled The Philippine STAR) is a print and digital newspaper in the Philippines and the flagship brand of the PhilStar Media Group.

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The Wall Street Journal

The Wall Street Journal is a U.S. business-focused, English-language international daily newspaper based in New York City.

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The Washington Institute for Near East Policy

The Washington Institute for Near East Policy (WINEP) is an American think tank based in Washington, D.C., focused on the foreign policy of the United States as it pertains to the countries in the Near East.

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The Washington Post

The Washington Post is a major American daily newspaper founded on December 6, 1877.

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Thomson Reuters

Thomson Reuters Corporation is a Canadian multinational mass media and information firm.

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Thomson Reuters Foundation News

Thomson Reuters Foundation News, formerly Alertnet, is an award winning global news service available free of charge to hundreds of smaller media outlets and non-government organisations around the world.

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Time (magazine)

Time is an American weekly news magazine and news website published in New York City.

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Tom Malinowski

Tom Malinowski (born September 23, 1965) is an American diplomat and politician who served as Assistant Secretary of State for Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor from 2014 to 2017.

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Torture

Torture (from the Latin tortus, "twisted") is the act of deliberately inflicting physical or psychological pain in order to fulfill some desire of the torturer or compel some action from the victim.

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Torture during the Bahraini uprising (2011–present)

Torture during the Bahraini uprising (2011–present) has been described in many human rights reports as being widespread and systematic; 64% of detainees (1866 individuals) reported being tortured.

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Torture in Bahrain

Torture in Bahrain refers to the violation of Bahrain's obligations as a state party to the United Nations Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (Convention against Torture) and other international treaties and disregard for the prohibition of torture enshrined in Bahraini law.

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Trainer aircraft

A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate flight training of pilots and aircrews.

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Treason

In law, treason is the crime that covers some of the more extreme acts against one's nation or sovereign.

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Tunisia

Tunisia (تونس; Berber: Tunes, ⵜⵓⵏⴻⵙ; Tunisie), officially the Republic of Tunisia, (الجمهورية التونسية) is a sovereign state in Northwest Africa, covering. Its northernmost point, Cape Angela, is the northernmost point on the African continent. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia's population was estimated to be just under 11.93 million in 2016. Tunisia's name is derived from its capital city, Tunis, which is located on its northeast coast. Geographically, Tunisia contains the eastern end of the Atlas Mountains, and the northern reaches of the Sahara desert. Much of the rest of the country's land is fertile soil. Its of coastline include the African conjunction of the western and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Basin and, by means of the Sicilian Strait and Sardinian Channel, feature the African mainland's second and third nearest points to Europe after Gibraltar. Tunisia is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic. It is considered to be the only full democracy in the Arab World. It has a high human development index. It has an association agreement with the European Union; is a member of La Francophonie, the Union for the Mediterranean, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Arab League, the OIC, the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, the Community of Sahel-Saharan States, the African Union, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77; and has obtained the status of major non-NATO ally of the United States. In addition, Tunisia is also a member state of the United Nations and a state party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Close relations with Europe in particular with France and with Italy have been forged through economic cooperation, privatisation and industrial modernization. In ancient times, Tunisia was primarily inhabited by Berbers. Phoenician immigration began in the 12th century BC; these immigrants founded Carthage. A major mercantile power and a military rival of the Roman Republic, Carthage was defeated by the Romans in 146 BC. The Romans, who would occupy Tunisia for most of the next eight hundred years, introduced Christianity and left architectural legacies like the El Djem amphitheater. After several attempts starting in 647, the Muslims conquered the whole of Tunisia by 697, followed by the Ottoman Empire between 1534 and 1574. The Ottomans held sway for over three hundred years. The French colonization of Tunisia occurred in 1881. Tunisia gained independence with Habib Bourguiba and declared the Tunisian Republic in 1957. In 2011, the Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by parliamentary elections. The country voted for parliament again on 26 October 2014, and for President on 23 November 2014.

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Tunisian Revolution

The Tunisian Revolution was an intensive campaign of civil resistance, including a series of street demonstrations taking place in Tunisia, and led to the ousting of longtime president Zine El Abidine Ben Ali in January 2011.

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U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets

The U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets, also known as the Background Notes, are a series of works by the United States Department of State.

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United Arab Emirates

The United Arab Emirates (UAE; دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة), sometimes simply called the Emirates (الإمارات), is a federal absolute monarchy sovereign state in Western Asia at the southeast end of the Arabian Peninsula on the Persian Gulf, bordering Oman to the east and Saudi Arabia to the south, as well as sharing maritime borders with Qatar to the west and Iran to the north.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United Nations Development Programme

The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) is the United Nations' global development network.

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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, is a United Nations programme with the mandate to protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities and stateless people, and assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.

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United Press International

United Press International (UPI) is an international news agency whose newswires, photo, news film, and audio services provided news material to thousands of newspapers, magazines, radio and television stations for most of the 20th century.

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United States Department of Defense

The Department of Defense (DoD, USDOD, or DOD) is an executive branch department of the federal government of the United States charged with coordinating and supervising all agencies and functions of the government concerned directly with national security and the United States Armed Forces.

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United States Department of State

The United States Department of State (DOS), often referred to as the State Department, is the United States federal executive department that advises the President and represents the country in international affairs and foreign policy issues.

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United States Fifth Fleet

The Fifth Fleet is a numbered fleet of the United States Navy.

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University of Bahrain

The University of Bahrain (جامعة البحرين, informally Bahrain University, abbreviated as UOB) is the largest public university in the Kingdom of Bahrain.

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Upper house

An upper house is one of two chambers of a bicameral legislature (or one of three chambers of a tricameral legislature), the other chamber being the lower house.

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Voice of America

Voice of America (VOA) is a U.S. government-funded international radio broadcast source that serves as the United States federal government's official institution for non-military, external broadcasting.

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WikiLeaks

WikiLeaks is an international non-profit organisation that publishes secret information, news leaks, and classified media provided by anonymous sources.

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Xinhua News Agency

Xinhua News Agency (English pronunciation: J. C. Wells: Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 3rd ed., for both British and American English) or New China News Agency is the official state-run press agency of the People's Republic of China.

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Yarl's Wood Immigration Removal Centre

Yarl's Wood Immigration Removal Centre is a detention centre for foreign nationals prior to their deportation from the United Kingdom, one of 10 such centres currently in the UK.

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Yemen

Yemen (al-Yaman), officially known as the Republic of Yemen (al-Jumhūriyyah al-Yamaniyyah), is an Arab sovereign state in Western Asia at the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula.

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Ynetnews

Ynetnews is the online English-language Israeli news website of Yedioth Ahronoth, Israel’s most-read newspaper, and the Hebrew news portal, Ynet.

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Zainab al-Khawaja

Zainab Abdulhadi al-Khawaja (زينب عبد الهادي الخواجة; born 21 October 1983) is a Bahraini human rights activist, and a participant in the Bahraini uprising.

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Zakariya Rashid Hassan al-Ashiri

Zakariya Rashid Hassan Al-Ashiri (زكريا راشد حسن العشيري), also spelled Al Asheri and Aushayri, (1971– April 9, 2011), was a forty-year-old Bahraini blogger and journalist, worked as an editor and writer for a local blog news website in Al Dair, Bahrain.

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Zine El Abidine Ben Ali

Zine El Abidine Ben Ali (زين العابدين بن علي,; born 3 September 1936) is a Tunisian former politician who served as President of Tunisia from 1987 until his ousting in 2011.

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1,000,000

1,000,000 (one million), or one thousand thousand, is the natural number following 999,999 and preceding 1,000,001.

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1981 Bahraini coup d'état attempt

After Ayatollah Khomeini came to power in Iran in 1979, Tehran made clear its intention to spread its Islamic Revolution throughout the Muslim world One of the most dramatic manifestations of this strategy was the alleged failed coup d'état by militants in Bahrain in 1981.

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1990s uprising in Bahrain

The 1990s uprising in Bahrain (الانتفاضة التسعينية في البحرين) also known as the uprising of dignity (انتفاضة الكرامة) was an uprising in Bahrain between 1994 and 1999 in which leftists, liberals and Islamists joined forces to demand democratic reforms.

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2011 Bahrain Grand Prix

The 2011 Bahrain Grand Prix (formally the 2011 Formula 1 Gulf Air Bahrain Grand Prix) was scheduled to be the opening round of the 2011 Formula One season.

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2011 Iraqi protests

The 2011 Iraqi protests came in the wake of the Tunisian revolution and 2011 Egyptian revolution.

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2011–12 Iranian protests

The 2011–12 protests in Iran were a series of demonstrations in Iran which began on 14 February 2011, called "The Day of Rage".

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2012 Bahrain Grand Prix

The 2012 Bahrain Grand Prix (formally known as the 2012 Formula 1 Gulf Air Bahrain Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held on 22 April 2012 at the Bahrain International Circuit in Sakhir, Bahrain.

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2012 Bahrain Grand Prix protests

The 2012 Bahrain Grand Prix returned to Bahrain after the 2011 race was cancelled due to ongoing anti-government protests.

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2012 Eker bombing

The Eker bombing (Arabic: تفجير العكر) occurred on the 10 April 2012 in the village of Eker, in the south of the Kingdom of Bahrain.

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2013 Egyptian coup d'état

On 3 July 2013, Egyptian army chief General Abdel Fattah el-Sisi led a coalition to remove the President of Egypt, Mohamed Morsi, from power and suspended the Egyptian constitution.

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Redirects here:

14 February revolution, 2011 Bahrain protests, 2011 Bahrain unrest, 2011 Bahraini Uprising, 2011 Bahraini protests, 2011 Bahraini uprising, 2011 protests in Bahrain, 2011 unrest in Bahrain, 2011-12 Bahraini uprising, 2011-2012 Bahrain uprising, 2011-2012 Bahraini Uprising, 2011-2012 Bahraini uprising, 2011-present Bahraini uprising, 2011–2012 Bahraini uprising, Bahrain protest, Bahrain protests, Bahrain revolution, Bahrain uprising, Bahraini Revolution, Bahraini Revolution of 2011, Bahraini protests, Bahraini protests of 2011, Bahraini protests of 2011-13, Bahraini protests of 2011-13 summary, Bahraini protests of 2011-2014, Bahraini protests of 2011–13, Bahraini protests of 2011–13 summary, Bahraini protests of 2011–2014, Bahraini uprising (2011-present), Bahraini uprising (2011–present), February 14 Revolution, Jasmine Revolution in Bahrain, Occupy Bahrain, Pearl Revolution, Pearls revolution.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahraini_uprising_of_2011

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