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111 relations: Acre, Israel, Aimery of Cyprus, Al-Adil I, Al-Afdal ibn Salah ad-Din, Al-Muzaffar Umar, Aleppo, Ali ibn al-Athir, Ancient Rome, Ashkelon, Assassins, Audita tremendi, Ayyubid dynasty, Baldwin V of Jerusalem, Balian of Ibelin, Battle of Al-Fule, Battle of Belvoir Castle, Battle of Cresson, Battle of La Forbie, Battle of Marj Ayyun, Battle of Montgisard, Battle of the Horns of Hama, Beirut, Brill Publishers, Cambridge University Press, Conrad of Montferrat, County of Tripoli, Crusader states, Dais, Damascus, Druze, Embriaco family, Ernoul, Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor, Garnier de Nablus, Gökböri, Gerard de Ridefort, Greenwood Publishing Group, Guy of Lusignan, Henry II of England, Hittin, Holy Land, Horns of Hattin, Hugh of Jabala, Humphrey IV of Toron, Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani, Infantry, Internet History Sourcebooks Project, Isabella I of Jerusalem, Israel, Jaffa, ..., Jerusalem, Jordan, Joscelin III, Count of Edessa, Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre, Jure uxoris, Kafr Sabt, King of Jerusalem, Kingdom of Heaven (film), Kingdom of Jerusalem, Knight, Knights Hospitaller, Knights Templar, Latin Catholic Diocese of Acre, Levant, Longman, Man-at-arms, Marquette University Press, Martyr, Muslim, Nablus, Nicasius of Sicily, Norman Housley, Nur ad-Din (died 1174), Order of Mountjoy, Order of Saint Lazarus, Osprey Publishing, Papal bull, Patriarch Heraclius of Jerusalem, Philip II of France, Pleurisy, Plivain, Pope Gregory VIII, Pope Urban III, Princeton University Press, Principality of Antioch, Raymond III, Count of Tripoli, Raynald of Châtillon, Reginald of Sidon, Relic, Richard I of England, Saladin, Saladin tithe, Sea of Galilee, Sepphoris, Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem, Sidon, Siege of Jacob's Ford, Siege of Jerusalem (1187), Siege of Tyre (1187), Taschen, Tell Ashtara, Third Crusade, Tiberias, Toron, True Cross, Turcopole, University of Pennsylvania Press, Vizier, Westport, Connecticut, William V, Marquess of Montferrat, Yale University Press. Expand index (61 more) »
Acre, Israel
Acre (or, עַכּוֹ, ʻAko, most commonly spelled as Akko; عكّا, ʻAkkā) is a city in the coastal plain region of Israel's Northern District at the extremity of Haifa Bay.
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Aimery of Cyprus
Aimery of Lusignan (Aimericus; before 11551 April 1205), erroneously referred to as Amalric or Amaury in earlier scholarship, was the first King of Cyprus, reigning from 1196 to his death.
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Al-Adil I
Al-Adil I (العادل, in full al-Malik al-Adil Sayf ad-Din Abu-Bakr Ahmed ibn Najm ad-Din Ayyub, الملك العادل سيف الدين أبو بكر بن أيوب,‎ "Ahmed, son of Najm ad-Din Ayyub, father of Bakr, the King, the Just, Sword of the Faith"; 1145–1218) was an Ayyubid Sultan of Egypt and Syria of Kurdish descent.
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Al-Afdal ibn Salah ad-Din
Al-Afdal ibn Salah ad-Din (الأفضل بن صلاح الدين, "most superior"; c. 1169 – 1225) popularly known as Al-Afdal (الأفضل), was one of seventeen sons of Saladin.
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Al-Muzaffar Umar
Al-Muzaffar Taqi al-Din Umar (المظفر تقي الدين عمر) (died 1191) was the Ayyubid prince of Hama from 1179 to 1191 and a general of Saladin.
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Aleppo
Aleppo (ﺣﻠﺐ / ALA-LC) is a city in Syria, serving as the capital of the Aleppo Governorate, the most-populous Syrian governorate.
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Ali ibn al-Athir
Abu al-Hassan Ali ibn Muhammad ibn Muhammad ash-Shaybani, better known as Ali 'Izz al-Din Ibn al-Athir al-Jazari (Arabic: علي عز الدین بن الاثیر الجزري) (1233–1160) was an Arab or Kurdish historian and biographer who wrote in Arabic and was from the Ibn Athir family.
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Ancient Rome
In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.
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Ashkelon
Ashkelon (also spelled Ashqelon and Ascalon; help; عَسْقَلَان) is a coastal city in the Southern District of Israel on the Mediterranean coast, south of Tel Aviv, and north of the border with the Gaza Strip.
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Assassins
Order of Assassins or simply Assassins (أساسين asāsīn, حشاشین Hashâshīn) is the common name used to refer to an Islamic sect formally known as the Nizari Ismailis.
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Audita tremendi
Audita tremendi was a papal bull issued by Pope Gregory VIII on October 29, 1187, calling for the Third Crusade.
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Ayyubid dynasty
The Ayyubid dynasty (الأيوبيون; خانەدانی ئەیووبیان) was a Sunni Muslim dynasty of Kurdish origin founded by Saladin and centred in Egypt.
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Baldwin V of Jerusalem
Baldwin V (Baldwin of Montferrat, also known as Baudouinet; August 1177 August 1186) was crowned co-King of Jerusalem with his uncle, Baldwin IV in 1183, and once his uncle died, reigned alone from 1185 to 1186 under the regency of Count Raymond III of Tripoli.
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Balian of Ibelin
Balian of Ibelin (Balian d'Ibelin; 1143 – 1193), also known as the "Shaear Wahid" or "Hairy One" due to his notably thick body hair (which was said to have grown like a pelt in his later years), was a crusader noble of the Kingdom of Jerusalem in the 12th century.
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Battle of Al-Fule
In the campaign and Battle of Al-Fule (in Crusader terms La Fève, Latin Castrum Fabe), a Crusader force led by Guy of Lusignan skirmished with Saladin's Ayyubid army for more than a week in September and October 1183.
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Battle of Belvoir Castle
In the campaign and Battle of Belvoir Castle (Kaukab al-Hawa), a Crusader force led by King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem sparred inconclusively with an Ayyubid army from Egypt commanded by Saladin.
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Battle of Cresson
The Battle of Cresson was a small battle, fought on 1 May 1187 at the springs of Cresson, or 'Ain Gozeh, near Nazareth.
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Battle of La Forbie
The Battle of La Forbie, also known as the Battle of Harbiyah, was fought October 17, 1244 – October 18, 1244 between the allied armies (drawn from the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the crusading orders, the breakaway Ayyubids of Damascus, Homs and Kerak) and the Egyptian army of the Ayyubid Sultan as-Salih Ayyub, reinforced with Khwarezmian mercenaries.
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Battle of Marj Ayyun
In the Battle of Marj Ayyun, alternately Marj Ayyoun, an Ayyubid army commanded by Saladin defeated a Crusader army led by King Baldwin IV of Jerusalem on 10 June 1179.
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Battle of Montgisard
The Battle of Montgisard was fought between the Ayyubids and the Kingdom of Jerusalem on 25 November 1177.
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Battle of the Horns of Hama
The Battle of the Horns of Hama or Hammah (Qurun Hama; 13 April ad 1175; 19 Ramadan ah 570) was an Ayyubid victory over the Zengids, which left Saladin in control of Damascus, Baalbek, and Homs.
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Beirut
Beirut (بيروت, Beyrouth) is the capital and largest city of Lebanon.
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Brill Publishers
Brill (known as E. J. Brill, Koninklijke Brill, Brill Academic Publishers) is a Dutch international academic publisher founded in 1683 in Leiden, Netherlands.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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Conrad of Montferrat
Conrad of Montferrat (Italian: Corrado del Monferrato; Piedmontese: Conrà ëd Monfrà) (died 28 April 1192) was a north Italian nobleman, one of the major participants in the Third Crusade.
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County of Tripoli
The County of Tripoli (1109–1289) was the last of the Crusader states.
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Crusader states
The Crusader states, also known as Outremer, were a number of mostly 12th- and 13th-century feudal Christian states created by Western European crusaders in Asia Minor, Greece and the Holy Land, and during the Northern Crusades in the eastern Baltic area.
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Dais
A dais or daïs is any raised platform located either inside or outside a room or enclosure, often for dignified occupancy, as at the front of a lecture hall or sanctuary.
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Damascus
Damascus (دمشق, Syrian) is the capital of the Syrian Arab Republic; it is also the country's largest city, following the decline in population of Aleppo due to the battle for the city.
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Druze
The Druze (درزي or, plural دروز; דרוזי plural דרוזים) are an Arabic-speaking esoteric ethnoreligious group originating in Western Asia who self-identify as unitarians (Al-Muwaḥḥidūn/Muwahhidun).
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Embriaco family
The Embriaco family were Genoese adventurers, who played an important part in the history of the Crusader states.
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Ernoul
Ernoul is the name generally given to the author of a chronicle of the late 12th century dealing with the fall of the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem.
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Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick I (Friedrich I, Federico I; 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as Frederick Barbarossa (Federico Barbarossa), was the Holy Roman Emperor from 2 January 1155 until his death.
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Garnier de Nablus
Garnier de Nablus was the 10th Grand Master of the Knights Hospitaller from 1190 to 1192.
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Gökböri
Gökböri (also rendered Gokbori, Kukburi and Kukuburi), or Muzaffar ad-Din Gökböri (full praise names: al-Malik al-Muazzam (the Exalted Prince) Muzaffar ad-Din (the Triumphant in the Faith)), was a leading emir and general of Sultan Saladin (Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb).
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Gerard de Ridefort
Gerard of Ridefort (died 4 October 1189) was Grand Master of the Knights Templar from the end of 1184 until his death in 1189.
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Greenwood Publishing Group
ABC-CLIO/Greenwood is an educational and academic publisher (middle school through university level) which is today part of ABC-CLIO.
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Guy of Lusignan
Guy of Lusignan (c. 1150 – 18 July 1194) was a French Poitevin knight, son of Hugh VIII of the Lusignan dynasty.
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Henry II of England
Henry II (5 March 1133 – 6 July 1189), also known as Henry Curtmantle (Court-manteau), Henry FitzEmpress or Henry Plantagenet, ruled as Count of Anjou, Count of Maine, Duke of Normandy, Duke of Aquitaine, Count of Nantes, King of England and Lord of Ireland; at various times, he also partially controlled Wales, Scotland and Brittany.
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Hittin
Hittin (حطّين, transliterated Ḥiṭṭīn (حِـطِّـيْـن) or Ḥaṭṭīn (حَـطِّـيْـن)) was a Palestinian village located west of Tiberias.
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Holy Land
The Holy Land (Hebrew: אֶרֶץ הַקּוֹדֶשׁ, Terra Sancta; Arabic: الأرض المقدسة) is an area roughly located between the Jordan River and the Mediterranean Sea that also includes the Eastern Bank of the Jordan River.
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Horns of Hattin
The Horns of Hattin (קרני חטין قرون حطين, Qurûn Hattîn) is an extinct volcano with twin peaks overlooking the plains of Hattin in the Lower Galilee, Israel.
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Hugh of Jabala
Hugh was the bishop of Jabala, or, as it was then called, Gibellum, a town in Syria, during the 12th century.
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Humphrey IV of Toron
Humphrey IV of Toron (1166 – 1198) was a leading baron in the Kingdom of Jerusalem.
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Imad ad-Din al-Isfahani
Muhammad ibn Hamed Isfahani (1125 – June 20, 1201) (محمد ابن حامد اصفهانی), more popularly known as Imad ad-din al-Isfahani (عماد الدین اصفهانی) (عماد الدين الأصفهاني (519-13 Ramadan 597)), was a Persian historian, scholar, and rhetorician.
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Infantry
Infantry is the branch of an army that engages in military combat on foot, distinguished from cavalry, artillery, and tank forces.
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Internet History Sourcebooks Project
The Internet History Sourcebooks Project is located at the Fordham University History Department and Center for Medieval Studies.
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Isabella I of Jerusalem
Isabella I (1172 – 5 April 1205) was Queen regnant of Jerusalem from 1190 to her death.
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Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.
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Jaffa
Jaffa, in Hebrew Yafo, or in Arabic Yaffa (יפו,; يَافَا, also called Japho or Joppa), the southern and oldest part of Tel Aviv-Yafo, is an ancient port city in Israel.
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Jerusalem
Jerusalem (יְרוּשָׁלַיִם; القُدس) is a city in the Middle East, located on a plateau in the Judaean Mountains between the Mediterranean and the Dead Sea.
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Jordan
Jordan (الْأُرْدُنّ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River.
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Joscelin III, Count of Edessa
Joscelin III of Edessa (1159 – after 1190) was the titular Count of Edessa.
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Joscius, Archbishop of Tyre
Joscius (also Josce or Josias) (died 1202) was Archbishop of Tyre in the crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem in the late 12th century.
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Jure uxoris
Jure uxoris is a Latin phrase meaning "by right of (his) wife".
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Kafr Sabt
Kafr Sabt (كفر سبت) was a Palestinian Arab village of nearly 500 situated on a sloping plain in the eastern Lower Galilee located southwest of Tiberias.
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King of Jerusalem
The King of Jerusalem was the supreme ruler of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, the Crusader state founded by Christian princes in 1099 when the First Crusade took the city.
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Kingdom of Heaven (film)
Kingdom of Heaven is a 2005 epic historical drama film directed and produced by Ridley Scott and written by William Monahan.
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Kingdom of Jerusalem
The Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem was a crusader state established in the Southern Levant by Godfrey of Bouillon in 1099 after the First Crusade.
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Knight
A knight is a person granted an honorary title of knighthood by a monarch, bishop or other political leader for service to the monarch or a Christian Church, especially in a military capacity.
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Knights Hospitaller
The Order of Knights of the Hospital of Saint John of Jerusalem (Ordo Fratrum Hospitalis Sancti Ioannis Hierosolymitani), also known as the Order of Saint John, Order of Hospitallers, Knights Hospitaller, Knights Hospitalier or Hospitallers, was a medieval Catholic military order.
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Knights Templar
The Poor Fellow-Soldiers of Christ and of the Temple of Solomon (Pauperes commilitones Christi Templique Salomonici), also known as the Order of Solomon's Temple, the Knights Templar or simply as Templars, were a Catholic military order recognised in 1139 by papal bull Omne Datum Optimum of the Holy See.
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Latin Catholic Diocese of Acre
The Bishop of Acre was a suffragan bishop of the Archbishop of Tyre in the medieval Latin Kingdom of Jerusalem.
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Levant
The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean.
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Longman
Longman, commonly known as Pearson Longman, is a publishing company founded in London, England, in 1724 and is owned by Pearson PLC.
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Man-at-arms
A man-at-arms was a soldier of the High Medieval to Renaissance periods who was typically well-versed in the use of arms and served as a fully armoured heavy cavalryman.
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Marquette University Press
Marquette University Press is a university press managed and supported by Marquette University.
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Martyr
A martyr (Greek: μάρτυς, mártys, "witness"; stem μάρτυρ-, mártyr-) is someone who suffers persecution and death for advocating, renouncing, refusing to renounce, or refusing to advocate a belief or cause as demanded by an external party.
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Muslim
A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.
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Nablus
Nablus (نابلس, שכם, Biblical Shechem ISO 259-3 Škem, Νεάπολις Νeapolis) is a city in the northern West Bank, approximately north of Jerusalem, (approximately by road), with a population of 126,132.
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Nicasius of Sicily
Nicasius (Nicasio, Nicaise) of Sicily (also known as Nicasio Burgio, Nicasius de Burgo, Nicasio Camuto de Burgio, Nicasius Martyr, Nicasius of Jerusalem) (1135 – 1187) is venerated as a martyr in the Catholic Church.
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Norman Housley
Norman Housley is a professor of History at the University of Leicester.
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Nur ad-Din (died 1174)
Nūr ad-Dīn Abū al-Qāsim Maḥmūd ibn ʿImād ad-Dīn Zengī (February 1118 – 15 May 1174), often shortened to his laqab Nur ad-Din (نور الدين, "Light of the Faith"), was a member of the Oghuz Turkish Zengid dynasty which ruled the Syrian province of the Seljuk Empire.
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Order of Mountjoy
The Order of Mountjoy (Orden de Monte Gaudio) was a military order during the crusades.
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Order of Saint Lazarus
The Order of Saint Lazarus of Jerusalem was a Catholic military order founded by crusaders around 1119 at a leper hospital in Jerusalem, Kingdom of Jerusalem, whose care became its original purpose, named after their patron saint, Lazarus.
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Osprey Publishing
Osprey Publishing is an Oxford-based publishing company specializing in military history.
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Papal bull
A papal bull is a type of public decree, letters patent, or charter issued by a pope of the Roman Catholic Church.
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Patriarch Heraclius of Jerusalem
Heraclius or Eraclius (1128 – 1190/91), was archbishop of Caesarea and Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem.
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Philip II of France
Philip II, known as Philip Augustus (Philippe Auguste; 21 August 1165 – 14 July 1223), was King of France from 1180 to 1223, a member of the House of Capet.
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Pleurisy
Pleurisy, also known as pleuritis, is inflammation of the membranes that surround the lungs and line the chest cavity (pleurae).
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Plivain
Plivain, also known as Plivano or Pleban, was the Lord of Botrun (now Batroun in Lebanon) in the County of Tripoli from around 1180 to around 1206.
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Pope Gregory VIII
Pope Gregory VIII (Gregorius VIII; c. 1100/1105 – 17 December 1187), born Alberto di Morra, reigned from 21 October to his death in 1187.
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Pope Urban III
Pope Urban III (Urbanus III; died 20 October 1187), born Uberto Crivelli, reigned from 25 November 1185 to his death in 1187.
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Princeton University Press
Princeton University Press is an independent publisher with close connections to Princeton University.
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Principality of Antioch
The Principality of Antioch was one of the crusader states created during the First Crusade which included parts of modern-day Turkey and Syria.
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Raymond III, Count of Tripoli
Raymond III (1140 – September/October 1187) was count of Tripoli from 1152 to 1187.
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Raynald of Châtillon
Raynald of Châtillon, also known as Reynald or Reginald of Châtillon (Renaud de Châtillon; 1125 – 4 July 1187), was Prince of Antioch from 1153 to 1160 or 1161, and Lord of Oultrejordain from 1175 until his death.
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Reginald of Sidon
Reginald Grenier (1130s – 1202; also Reynald or Renaud) was Lord of Sidon and an important noble in the late-12th century Kingdom of Jerusalem.
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Relic
In religion, a relic usually consists of the physical remains of a saint or the personal effects of the saint or venerated person preserved for purposes of veneration as a tangible memorial.
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Richard I of England
Richard I (8 September 1157 – 6 April 1199) was King of England from 1189 until his death.
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Saladin
An-Nasir Salah ad-Din Yusuf ibn Ayyub (صلاح الدين يوسف بن أيوب / ALA-LC: Ṣalāḥ ad-Dīn Yūsuf ibn Ayyūb; سەلاحەدینی ئەییووبی / ALA-LC: Selahedînê Eyûbî), known as Salah ad-Din or Saladin (11374 March 1193), was the first sultan of Egypt and Syria and the founder of the Ayyubid dynasty.
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Saladin tithe
The Saladin tithe, or the Aid of 1188, was a tax, or more specifically a tallage, levied in England and to some extent in France in 1188, in response to the capture of Jerusalem by Saladin in 1187.
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Sea of Galilee
The Sea of Galilee, also Kinneret or Kinnereth, Lake of Gennesaret, or Lake Tiberias (יָם כִּנֶּרֶת, Judeo-Aramaic: יַמּא דטבריא; גִּנֵּיסַר بحيرة طبريا), is a freshwater lake in Israel.
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Sepphoris
Sepphoris or Zippori (צִפּוֹרִי Tzipori; Σέπφωρις Sépphōris; صفورية Saffuriya), also called Diocaesaraea (Διοκαισάρεια) and, during the Crusades, Sephory (La Sephorie), is a village and an archeological site located in the central Galilee region of Israel, north-northwest of Nazareth.
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Sibylla, Queen of Jerusalem
Sibylla (French: "Sibylle", c. 1160–1190) was the Countess of Jaffa and Ascalon from 1176 and Queen of Jerusalem from 1186 to 1190.
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Sidon
Sidon (صيدا, صيدون,; French: Saida; Phoenician: 𐤑𐤃𐤍, Ṣīdūn; Biblical Hebrew:, Ṣīḏōn; Σιδών), translated to 'fishery' or 'fishing-town', is the third-largest city in Lebanon.
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Siege of Jacob's Ford
The Siege of Jacob's Ford was a victory of the Muslim sultan Saladin over the Christian King of Jerusalem, Baldwin IV.
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Siege of Jerusalem (1187)
The Siege of Jerusalem was a siege on the city of Jerusalem that lasted from September 20 to October 2, 1187, when Balian of Ibelin surrendered the city to Saladin.
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Siege of Tyre (1187)
The Siege of Tyre took place from November 12, 1187 to January 1, 1188.
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Taschen
Taschen is an art book publisher founded in 1980 by Benedikt Taschen in Cologne, Germany.
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Tell Ashtara
Tell Ashtara (تل عشترة) also Aštartu, was a site south of Damascus mentioned in the Amarna letters correspondence of 1350 BC.
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Third Crusade
The Third Crusade (1189–1192), was an attempt by European Christian leaders to reconquer the Holy Land following the capture of Jerusalem by the Ayyubid sultan, Saladin, in 1187.
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Tiberias
Tiberias (טְבֶרְיָה, Tverya,; طبرية, Ṭabariyyah) is an Israeli city on the western shore of the Sea of Galilee.
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Toron
Toron, now Tibnin or Tebnine in southern Lebanon, was a major Crusader castle, built in the Lebanon mountains on the road from Tyre to Damascus.
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True Cross
The True Cross is the name for physical remnants which, by a Christian Church tradition, are said to be from the cross upon which Jesus was crucified.
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Turcopole
During the period of the Crusades, turcopoles (also "turcoples" or "turcopoli"; from the τουρκόπουλοι, "sons of Turks") were locally recruited mounted archers and light cavalry employed by the Christian states of the Eastern Mediterranean.
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University of Pennsylvania Press
The University of Pennsylvania Press (or Penn Press) is a university press affiliated with the University of Pennsylvania located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
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Vizier
A vizier (rarely; وزير wazīr; وازیر vazīr; vezir; Chinese: 宰相 zǎixiàng; উজির ujira; Hindustani (Hindi-Urdu): वज़ीर or وزیر vazeer; Punjabi: ਵਜ਼ੀਰ or وزير vazīra, sometimes spelt vazir, vizir, vasir, wazir, vesir or vezir) is a high-ranking political advisor or minister.
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Westport, Connecticut
Westport is an affluent town located in Connecticut, along Long Island Sound within Connecticut's Gold Coast in Fairfield County, Connecticut.
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William V, Marquess of Montferrat
William V of Montferrat (occ./piem. Guilhem, it. Guglielmo) (c. 1115 – 1191) also known regnally as William III of Montferrat while also referred to as William the Old or William the Elder, in order to distinguish him from his eldest son, William Longsword, was seventh Marquess of Montferrat from c. 1136 to his death in 1191.
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Yale University Press
Yale University Press is a university press associated with Yale University.
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Redirects here:
Battle of Hattin (1187), Battle of Hittin, Battle of hattin, Battle of the Horns of Hattin, Hattin Battle, Horns of Hittin, Siege of Tiberias, The Horns of Hattin.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Hattin
