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150 relations: Alpha helix, Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma, Anosmia, Antibody, Antley–Bixler syndrome, Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology, BCR (gene), Bone marrow, Brachydactyly, Brivanib alaninate, C-Raf, Calcium signaling, Calmodulin, Cancer epigenetics, Cell signaling, Cell surface receptor, Cellular differentiation, Chemotherapy, Chromosomal translocation, Chronic myelogenous leukemia, Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia, Cleft lip and cleft palate, Clonal hypereosinophilia, Cluster of differentiation, CNTRL, Colorectal cancer, CpG site, CPSF6, Craniosynostosis, CUTL1, Cytogenetics, Diglyceride, Dimer (chemistry), Dominance (genetics), Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma, Endometrial cancer, Eosinophil, Eosinophilia, Epidermal growth factor receptor, Exon, FGF1, FGFR1OP, FGFR1OP2, Fibroblast growth factor, Fibroblast growth factor receptor, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3, Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4, Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1, ..., Fibronectin, FRS2, Fusion gene, Fusion protein, Gene duplication, Glioblastoma, GRB14, GRB2, Head and neck cancer, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, Homology (biology), Hormone receptor positive breast tumor, Human endogenous retrovirus K, Human musculoskeletal system, Hypereosinophilia, Hypertelorism, Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, Hyposmia, Infiltration (medical), Inositol trisphosphate, Jackson–Weiss syndrome, Kallmann syndrome, Klotho (biology), Lenvatinib, Ligand (biochemistry), LRRFIP1, Lucitanib, Lymphadenopathy, Lymphatic system, Lymphoid leukemia, MAPK/ERK pathway, Mesoderm, Messenger RNA, Myeloid leukemia, Myeloid sarcoma, Myeloid tissue, Myeloproliferative neoplasm, MYO18A, Myocyte, MYST3, Negative feedback, Neural tube, Night sweats, Nintedanib, Non-small-cell lung carcinoma, Nonsense mutation, NUP98, Oncogene, Oncogenic osteomalacia, Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma, Pfeiffer syndrome, Phenotype, Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate, Phospholipase C, PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway, PLCG1, PLCG2, Point mutation, Ponatinib, Precursor mRNA, PRKCG, Prognathism, Prostate cancer, Protein isoform, Protein kinase C, Protein phosphorylation, Protein–protein interaction, RANBP2, Ras subfamily, Receptor tyrosine kinase, Redox, Rhabdomyosarcoma, RNA splicing, Salivary gland tumour, Sarcoma, Scoliosis, Second messenger system, Sequestosome 1, SH2 domain, SHB (gene), Somitogenesis, SOS1, SPRY1, SPRY2, SPRY3, SPRY4, T-cell lymphoma, TACC1, Tom Mikkelsen, Transitional cell carcinoma, Translocated promoter region, Transmembrane protein, Trigonocephaly, Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues, Tyrosine, Tyrosine kinase, Tyrosine phosphorylation, Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor, Upstream and downstream (DNA), ZMYM2. Expand index (100 more) »
Alpha helix
The alpha helix (α-helix) is a common motif in the secondary structure of proteins and is a righthand-spiral conformation (i.e. helix) in which every backbone N−H group donates a hydrogen bond to the backbone C.
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Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma
Alveolar rhabdomyosarcoma (ARMS) is a sub-type of the rhabdomyosarcoma soft tissue cancer family whose lineage is from mesenchymal cells and are related to skeletal muscle cells.
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Anosmia
Anosmia is the inability to perceive odor or a lack of functioning olfaction—the loss of the sense of smell.
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Antibody
An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.
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Antley–Bixler syndrome
Antley–Bixler syndrome, also called trapezoidocephaly-synostosis syndrome, is a rare, very severe autosomal recessive congenital disorder characterized by malformations and deformities affecting the majority of the skeleton and other areas of the body.
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Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology
The Atlas of Genetics and Cytogenetics in Oncology and Haematology, created in 1997 by Jean-Loup Huret (with bioinformatics by Philippe Dessen) is a collection of resources on genes, chromosomes anomalies, leukemias, solid tumours, and cancer-prone diseases.
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BCR (gene)
The breakpoint cluster region protein (BCR) also known as renal carcinoma antigen NY-REN-26 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BCR gene.
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Bone marrow
Bone marrow is a semi-solid tissue which may be found within the spongy or cancellous portions of bones.
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Brachydactyly
Brachydactyly (Greek βραχύς.
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Brivanib alaninate
Brivanib alaninate (INN/USAN) also known as BMS-582664 is an investigational, anti-tumorigenic drug for oral administration.
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C-Raf
RAF proto-oncogene serine/threonine-protein kinase, also known as proto-oncogene c-RAF or simply c-Raf or even Raf-1, is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the RAF1 gene.
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Calcium signaling
Calcium (Ca2+) ions are important for cellular signalling, as once they enter the cytosol of the cytoplasm they exert allosteric regulatory effects on many enzymes and proteins.
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Calmodulin
Calmodulin (CaM) (an abbreviation for calcium-modulated protein) is a multifunctional intermediate calcium-binding messenger protein expressed in all eukaryotic cells.
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Cancer epigenetics
Cancer epigenetics is the study of epigenetic modifications to the DNA of cancer cells that do not involve a change in the nucleotide sequence.
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Cell signaling
Cell signaling (cell signalling in British English) is part of any communication process that governs basic activities of cells and coordinates all cell actions.
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Cell surface receptor
Cell surface receptors (membrane receptors, transmembrane receptors) are receptors that are embedded in the membranes of cells.
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Cellular differentiation
In developmental biology, cellular differentiation is the process where a cell changes from one cell type to another.
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Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.
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Chromosomal translocation
In genetics, a chromosome translocation is a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes.
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Chronic myelogenous leukemia
Chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), also known as chronic myeloid leukemia, is a cancer of the white blood cells.
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Chronic myelomonocytic leukemia
Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia (CMML) is a type of leukaemia, which are cancers of the blood-forming cells of the bone marrow.
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Cleft lip and cleft palate
Cleft lip and cleft palate, also known as orofacial cleft, is a group of conditions that includes cleft lip (CL), cleft palate (CP), and both together (CLP).
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Clonal hypereosinophilia
Clonal hypereosinophilia, also termed primary hypereosinophilia or clonal eosinophilia, is a grouping of hematological disorders all of which are characterized by the development and growth of a pre-malignant or malignant population of eosinophils, a type of white blood cell that occupies the bone marrow, blood, and other tissues.
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Cluster of differentiation
The cluster of differentiation (also known as cluster of designation or classification determinant and often abbreviated as CD) is a protocol used for the identification and investigation of cell surface molecules providing targets for immunophenotyping of cells.
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CNTRL
Centriolin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CNTRL gene.
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Colorectal cancer
Colorectal cancer (CRC), also known as bowel cancer and colon cancer, is the development of cancer from the colon or rectum (parts of the large intestine).
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CpG site
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide is followed by a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its 5' → 3' direction.
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CPSF6
Cleavage and polyadenylation specificity factor subunit 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CPSF6 gene.
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Craniosynostosis
Craniosynostosis (from cranio, cranium; + syn, together; + ostosis relating to bone) is a condition in which one or more of the fibrous sutures in an infant (very young) skull prematurely fuses by turning into bone (ossification), thereby changing the growth pattern of the skull.
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CUTL1
Cux1 (CUTL1, CDP, CDP/Cux) is a homeodomain protein that in humans is encoded by the CUX1 gene.
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Cytogenetics
Cytogenetics is a branch of genetics that is concerned with how the chromosomes relate to cell behaviour, particularly to their behaviour during mitosis and meiosis.
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Diglyceride
A diglyceride, or diacylglycerol (DAG), is a glyceride consisting of two fatty acid chains covalently bonded to a glycerol molecule through ester linkages.
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Dimer (chemistry)
A dimer (di-, "two" + -mer, "parts") is an oligomer consisting of two monomers joined by bonds that can be either strong or weak, covalent or intermolecular.
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Dominance (genetics)
Dominance in genetics is a relationship between alleles of one gene, in which the effect on phenotype of one allele masks the contribution of a second allele at the same locus.
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Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (ERMS) is a rare histological form of cancer of connective tissue wherein the mesenchymally-derived malignant cells resemble the primitive developing skeletal muscle of the embryo.
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Endometrial cancer
Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb).
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Eosinophil
Eosinophils sometimes called eosinophiles or, less commonly, acidophils, are a variety of white blood cells and one of the immune system components responsible for combating multicellular parasites and certain infections in vertebrates. Along with mast cells and basophils, they also control mechanisms associated with allergy and asthma. They are granulocytes that develop during hematopoiesis in the bone marrow before migrating into blood, after which they are terminally differentiated and do not multiply. These cells are eosinophilic or "acid-loving" due to their large acidophilic cytoplasmic granules, which show their affinity for acids by their affinity to coal tar dyes: Normally transparent, it is this affinity that causes them to appear brick-red after staining with eosin, a red dye, using the Romanowsky method. The staining is concentrated in small granules within the cellular cytoplasm, which contain many chemical mediators, such as eosinophil peroxidase, ribonuclease (RNase), deoxyribonucleases (DNase), lipase, plasminogen, and major basic protein. These mediators are released by a process called degranulation following activation of the eosinophil, and are toxic to both parasite and host tissues. In normal individuals, eosinophils make up about 1–3% of white blood cells, and are about 12–17 micrometres in size with bilobed nuclei. While they are released into the bloodstream as neutrophils are, eosinophils reside in tissue They are found in the medulla and the junction between the cortex and medulla of the thymus, and, in the lower gastrointestinal tract, ovary, uterus, spleen, and lymph nodes, but not in the lung, skin, esophagus, or some other internal organs under normal conditions. The presence of eosinophils in these latter organs is associated with disease. For instance, patients with eosinophilic asthma have high levels of eosinophils that lead to inflammation and tissue damage, making it more difficult for patients to breathe. Eosinophils persist in the circulation for 8–12 hours, and can survive in tissue for an additional 8–12 days in the absence of stimulation. Pioneering work in the 1980s elucidated that eosinophils were unique granulocytes, having the capacity to survive for extended periods of time after their maturation as demonstrated by ex-vivo culture experiments.
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Eosinophilia
Eosinophilia is a condition in which the eosinophil count in the peripheral blood exceeds.
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Epidermal growth factor receptor
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR; ErbB-1; HER1 in humans) is a transmembrane protein that is a receptor for members of the epidermal growth factor family (EGF family) of extracellular protein ligands.
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Exon
An exon is any part of a gene that will encode a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing.
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FGF1
FGF1, also known as acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF), is a growth factor and signaling protein encoded by the FGF1 gene.
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FGFR1OP
FGFR1 oncogene partner is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFR1OP gene.
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FGFR1OP2
Fibroblast growth factor receptor oncogene partner 2 (FGFR1OP2) was identified in a study on myeloproliferative syndrome (EMS).
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Fibroblast growth factor
The fibroblast growth factors are a family of cell signalling proteins that are involved in a wide variety of processes, most notably as crucial elements for normal development.
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor
The fibroblast growth factor receptors are, as their name implies, receptors that bind to members of the fibroblast growth factor family of proteins.
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 1 (FGFR1), also known as basic fibroblast growth factor receptor 1, fms-related tyrosine kinase-2 / Pfeiffer syndrome, and CD331, is a receptor tyrosine kinase whose ligands are specific members of the fibroblast growth factor family.
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 2 (FGFR2) also known as CD332 (cluster of differentiation 332) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFR2 gene residing on chromosome 10.
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFR3 gene.
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4
Fibroblast growth factor receptor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFR4 gene.
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Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1
Fibroblast growth factor receptor-like 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FGFRL1 gene.
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Fibronectin
Fibronectin is a high-molecular weight (~440kDa) glycoprotein of the extracellular matrix that binds to membrane-spanning receptor proteins called integrins.
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FRS2
Fibroblast growth factor receptor substrate 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the FRS2 gene.
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Fusion gene
A fusion gene is a hybrid gene formed from two previously separate genes.
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Fusion protein
Fusion proteins or chimeric (\kī-ˈmir-ik) proteins (literally, made of parts from different sources) are proteins created through the joining of two or more genes that originally coded for separate proteins.
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Gene duplication
Gene duplication (or chromosomal duplication or gene amplification) is a major mechanism through which new genetic material is generated during molecular evolution.
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Glioblastoma
Glioblastoma, also known as glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), is the most aggressive cancer that begins within the brain.
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GRB14
Growth factor receptor-bound protein 14 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GRB14 gene.
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GRB2
Growth factor receptor-bound protein 2 also known as Grb2 is an adaptor protein involved in signal transduction/cell communication.
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Head and neck cancer
Head and neck cancer is a group of cancers that starts in the mouth, nose, throat, larynx, sinuses, or salivary glands.
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Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood.
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Homology (biology)
In biology, homology is the existence of shared ancestry between a pair of structures, or genes, in different taxa.
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Hormone receptor positive breast tumor
A hormone-receptor-positive tumor is a tumor which consists of cells that express receptors for certain hormones.
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Human endogenous retrovirus K
Human endogenous retrovirus K (HERV-K) is a family of human endogenous retroviruses associated with malignant tumors of the testes.
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Human musculoskeletal system
The human musculoskeletal system (also known as the locomotor system, and previously the activity system) is an organ system that gives humans the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems.
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Hypereosinophilia
Hypereosinophilia is an elevation in an individual's circulating blood eosinophil count above 15.0 x 109/L (i.e. 1,500/μL).
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Hypertelorism
Hypertelorism is an abnormally increased distance between two organs or bodily parts, usually referring to an increased distance between the orbits (eyes), or orbital hypertelorism.
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Hypogonadotropic hypogonadism
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (HH), or secondary hypogonadism is due to problems with either the hypothalamus or pituitary gland affecting the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis (HPG axis).
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Hyposmia
Hyposmia is a reduced ability to smell and to detect odors.
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Infiltration (medical)
Infiltration is the diffusion or accumulation (in a tissue or cells) of foreign substances or in amounts in excess of the normal.
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Inositol trisphosphate
Inositol trisphosphate or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (also commonly known as triphosphoinositol; abbreviated InsP3 or Ins3P or IP3), together with diacylglycerol (DAG), is a secondary messenger molecule used in signal transduction and lipid signaling in biological cells.
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Jackson–Weiss syndrome
Jackson–Weiss syndrome (JWS) is a genetic disorder characterized by foot abnormalities and the premature fusion of certain bones of the skull (craniosynostosis), which prevents further growth of the skull and affects the shape of the head and face.
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Kallmann syndrome
Kallmann syndrome (KS) is a genetic disorder that prevents a person from starting or fully completing puberty.
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Klotho (biology)
Klotho is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the KL gene.
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Lenvatinib
Lenvatinib (trade name Lenvima) is an anti-cancer drug for the treatment of certain kinds of thyroid cancer, and potentially for other cancers as well.
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Ligand (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a ligand is a substance that forms a complex with a biomolecule to serve a biological purpose.
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LRRFIP1
Leucine-rich repeat flightless-interacting protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the LRRFIP1 gene.
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Lucitanib
Lucitanib (INN) is a drug that is being investigated by Clovis Oncology in clinical trials for the treatment of advanced solid tumours including metastatic breast cancer.
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Lymphadenopathy
Lymphadenopathy or adenopathy is disease of the lymph nodes, in which they are abnormal in size, number, or consistency.
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Lymphatic system
The lymphatic system is part of the vascular system and an important part of the immune system, comprising a network of lymphatic vessels that carry a clear fluid called lymph (from Latin, lympha meaning "water") directionally towards the heart.
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Lymphoid leukemia
Lymphoid leukemias — also called lymphocytic, lymphogenous, or lymphoblastic leukemias — are a group of leukemias affecting circulating lymphocytes, a type of white blood cells.
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MAPK/ERK pathway
The MAPK/ERK pathway (also known as the Ras-Raf-MEK-ERK pathway) is a chain of proteins in the cell that communicates a signal from a receptor on the surface of the cell to the DNA in the nucleus of the cell.
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Mesoderm
In all bilaterian animals, the mesoderm is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo.
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Messenger RNA
Messenger RNA (mRNA) is a large family of RNA molecules that convey genetic information from DNA to the ribosome, where they specify the amino acid sequence of the protein products of gene expression.
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Myeloid leukemia
Myeloid leukemia is a type of leukemia affecting myeloid tissue.
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Myeloid sarcoma
A myeloid sarcoma (chloroma, granulocytic sarcoma, extramedullary myeloid tumor), is a solid tumor composed of immature white blood cells called myeloblasts.
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Myeloid tissue
Myeloid tissue, in the bone marrow sense of the word myeloid (myelo- + -oid), is tissue of bone marrow, of bone marrow cell lineage, or resembling bone marrow, and myelogenous tissue (myelo- + -genous) is any tissue of, or arising from, bone marrow; in these senses the terms are usually used synonymously, as for example with chronic myeloid/myelogenous leukemia.
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Myeloproliferative neoplasm
The myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs), previously myeloproliferative diseases (MPDs), are a group of diseases of the bone marrow in which excess cells are produced.
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MYO18A
Myosin-XVIIIa is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYO18A gene.
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Myocyte
A myocyte (also known as a muscle cell) is the type of cell found in muscle tissue.
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MYST3
MYST histone acetyltransferase (monocytic leukemia) 3, also known as MYST3, is an enzyme that, in humans, is encoded by the MYST3 gene.
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Negative feedback
Negative feedback (or balancing feedback) occurs when some function of the output of a system, process, or mechanism is fed back in a manner that tends to reduce the fluctuations in the output, whether caused by changes in the input or by other disturbances.
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Neural tube
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
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Night sweats
Night sweats, also known as nocturnal hyperhidrosis, is the occurrence of excessive sweating during sleep.
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Nintedanib
Nintedanib, marketed under the brand names Ofev and Vargatef, is a medication used for the treatment of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and along with other medications for some types of non-small-cell lung cancer.
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Non-small-cell lung carcinoma
Non-small-cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) is any type of epithelial lung cancer other than small cell lung carcinoma (SCLC).
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Nonsense mutation
In genetics, a point-nonsense mutation is a point mutation in a sequence of DNA that results in a premature stop codon, or a point-nonsense codon in the transcribed mRNA, and in a truncated, incomplete, and usually nonfunctional protein product.
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NUP98
Nuclear pore complex protein Nup98-Nup96 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NUP98 gene.
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Oncogene
An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer.
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Oncogenic osteomalacia
Oncogenic osteomalacia or tumor-induced osteomalacia, also known as oncogenic hypophosphatemic osteomalacia, is an uncommon disorder resulting in increased renal phosphate excretion, hypophosphatemia and osteomalacia.
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Papillary serous cystadenocarcinoma
Papillary serous cystadenocarcinomas are the most common form of malignant ovarian cancer making up 26 percent of ovarian tumours in women aged over 20 in the United States.
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Pfeiffer syndrome
Pfeiffer syndrome is a very rare genetic disorder characterized by the premature fusion of certain bones of the skull which affects the shape of the head and face.
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Phenotype
A phenotype is the composite of an organism's observable characteristics or traits, such as its morphology, development, biochemical or physiological properties, behavior, and products of behavior (such as a bird's nest).
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Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate or PtdIns(4,5)P2, also known simply as PIP2 or PI(4,5)P2, is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes.
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Phospholipase C
Phospholipase C (PLC) is a class of membrane-associated enzymes that cleave phospholipids just before the phosphate group (see figure).
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PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway
The PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway is an intracellular signaling pathway important in regulating the cell cycle.
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PLCG1
Phospholipase C, gamma 1, also known as PLCG1, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PLCG1 gene.
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PLCG2
1-Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase gamma-2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLCG2 gene.
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Point mutation
A point mutation is a genetic mutation where a single nucleotide base is changed, inserted or deleted from a sequence of DNA or RNA.
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Ponatinib
Ponatinib (trade name Iclusig, previously AP24534) is an oral drug developed by ARIAD Pharmaceuticals for the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) and Philadelphia chromosome–positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).
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Precursor mRNA
Precursor mRNA (pre-mRNA) is an immature single strand of messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA).
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PRKCG
Protein kinase C gamma type is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKCG gene.
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Prognathism
Prognathism is the positional relationship of the mandible or maxilla to the skeletal base where either of the jaws protrudes beyond a predetermined imaginary line in the coronal plane of the skull.
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Prostate cancer
Prostate cancer is the development of cancer in the prostate, a gland in the male reproductive system.
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Protein isoform
A protein isoform, or "protein variant" is a member of a set of highly similar proteins that originate from a single gene or gene family and are the result of genetic differences.
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Protein kinase C
Protein kinase C, commonly abbreviated to PKC (EC 2.7.11.13), is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins, or a member of this family.
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Protein phosphorylation
Protein phosphorylation is a post-translational modification of proteins in which an amino acid residue is phosphorylated by a protein kinase by the addition of a covalently bound phosphate group.
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Protein–protein interaction
Protein–protein interactions (PPIs) are the physical contacts of high specificity established between two or more protein molecules as a result of biochemical events steered by electrostatic forces including the hydrophobic effect.
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RANBP2
RAN binding protein 2 (RANBP2) is protein which in humans is encoded by the RANBP2 gene.
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Ras subfamily
Ras is a family of related proteins which is expressed in all animal cell lineages and organs.
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Receptor tyrosine kinase
Receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs) are the high-affinity cell surface receptors for many polypeptide growth factors, cytokines, and hormones.
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Redox
Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
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Rhabdomyosarcoma
Rhabdomyosarcoma, or RMS, is an aggressive and highly malignant form of cancer that develops from skeletal (striated) muscle cells that have failed to fully differentiate.
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RNA splicing
In molecular biology, splicing is the editing of the nascent precursor messenger RNA (pre-mRNA) transcript into a mature messenger RNA (mRNA).
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Salivary gland tumour
Salivary gland tumours or neoplasms are tumours that form in the tissues of salivary glands.
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Sarcoma
A sarcoma is a cancer that arises from transformed cells of mesenchymal origin.
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Scoliosis
Scoliosis is a medical condition in which a person's spine has a sideways curve.
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Second messenger system
Second messengers are intracellular signaling molecules released by the cell in response to exposure to extracellular signaling molecules—the first messengers.
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Sequestosome 1
Sequestosome-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SQSTM1 gene.
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SH2 domain
The SH2 (Src Homology 2) domain is a structurally conserved protein domain contained within the Src oncoprotein and in many other intracellular signal-transducing proteins.
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SHB (gene)
SH2 domain-containing adapter protein B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SHB gene.
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Somitogenesis
Somitogenesis is the process by which somites form.
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SOS1
Son of sevenless homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SOS1 gene.
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SPRY1
Protein sprouty homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPRY1 gene.
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SPRY2
Sprouty homolog 2 (Drosophila), also known as SPRY2, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the SPRY2 gene.
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SPRY3
Protein sprouty homolog 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPRY3 gene.
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SPRY4
Protein sprouty homolog 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SPRY4 gene.
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T-cell lymphoma
The T-cell lymphomas are four types of lymphoma that affect T cells.
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TACC1
Transforming acidic coiled-coil-containing protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TACC1 gene.
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Tom Mikkelsen
Tommy Mikkelsen is a Canadian neuro-oncologist who is President and Scientific Director of the Ontario Brain Institute and Co-Director of the Hermelin Brain Center at Henry Ford Hospital, Detroit.
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Transitional cell carcinoma
Transitional cell carcinoma, also urothelial carcinoma, is a type of cancer that typically occurs in the urinary system.
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Translocated promoter region
Translocated promoter region is a component of the tpr-met fusion protein.
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Transmembrane protein
A transmembrane protein (TP) is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the biological membrane to which it is permanently attached.
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Trigonocephaly
Trigonocephaly (from Greek trigonon, "triangle", and kephale, "head") is a congenital condition of premature fusion of the metopic suture (from Greek metopon, "forehead"), leading to a triangular shaped forehead.
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Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues
Tumors of the hematopoietic and lymphoid tissues or haematopoietic and lymphoid malignancies are tumors that affect the blood, bone marrow, lymph, and lymphatic system.
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Tyrosine
Tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins.
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Tyrosine kinase
A tyrosine kinase is an enzyme that can transfer a phosphate group from ATP to a protein in a cell.
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Tyrosine phosphorylation
Tyrosine phosphorylation is the addition of a phosphate (PO43−) group to the amino acid tyrosine on a protein.
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Tyrosine-kinase inhibitor
A tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) is a pharmaceutical drug that inhibits tyrosine kinases.
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Upstream and downstream (DNA)
In molecular biology and genetics, upstream and downstream both refer to relative positions of genetic code in DNA or RNA.
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ZMYM2
Zinc finger MYM-type protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ZMYM2 gene.
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Redirects here:
BFGFR, Bfgfr, CD331, Cd331, Dovitinib, FGFBR, FGFR1, FGFR1 (gene), FLT2, Fgfbr, Flt2, HBGFR, Hbgfr, KAL2, Kal2, N-SAM, N-sam, TKI258.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fibroblast_growth_factor_receptor_1
