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Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy

Index Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy

Bioidentical hormone replacement therapy (BHRT), also known as bioidentical hormone therapy or natural hormone therapy, is the use of hormones that are identical on a molecular level with endogenous hormones in hormone replacement therapy. [1]

145 relations: ABC News, Abdominal pain, Acne, Alternative medicine, American Cancer Society, American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, American Medical Association, American Pharmacists Association, Apoptosis, Approved drug, Assay, Asthma, Atherosclerosis, Big Pharma conspiracy theory, Biological half-life, Blood, Boxed warning, Breast, Breast cancer, Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, Canadian Family Physician, Candidiasis, Cardiovascular disease, Central nervous system, Chicago Tribune, Circulatory system, Climacteric (journal), Clinical trial, Compounding, Conflict of interest, Conjugated estrogens, Conjunctivitis, Constipation, Crystallography, Dementia, Diethylstilbestrol, Diosgenin, Editor-in-chief, Endocrine Society, Endogeny (biology), Endometrial cancer, Epidemiology, Epilepsy, Equus (genus), Esterified estrogens/methyltestosterone, Estradiol, Estradiol (medication), Estradiol acetate, Estriol, Estrogen, ..., Estrone, Ethinylestradiol, European Menopause and Andropause Society, European Union, Evidence-based medicine, Food and Drug Administration, France, Gallbladder disease, Gastrointestinal tract, Genitourinary system, Harvard Medical School, Health Canada, High-density lipoprotein, Hormone, Human musculoskeletal system, Hyperglycemia, Hypertension, Infertility, JAMA (journal), James Collip, Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine, Levonorgestrel, Libido, Literature review, Liver, Major depressive disorder, Mayo Clinic, Medscape, Melasma, Menopause, Menstrual cycle, Micronization, Migraine, Molecule, Myocardial infarction, New Drug Application, Newsweek, Norethisterone acetate, Norgestimate, North American Menopause Society, Osteoporosis, Ovarian cancer, Over-the-counter drug, Panacea, Panacea (medicine), Peripheral nervous system, Pharmacist, Pharmacodynamics, Pharmacokinetics, Postmenopausal hormone therapy, Prasterone, Precursor (chemistry), Pregnancy, Premenstrual syndrome, Progesterone (medication), Progestin, Progestogen, Pulmonary embolism, Quackwatch, Randomized controlled trial, Receptor (biochemistry), Saliva testing, Scientific journal, Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada, Solvay S.A., Somnolence, Soybean, Stephen Barrett, Stress (biology), Stroke, Suzanne Somers, T. S. Wiley, Testosterone (medication), The BMJ, The Current (radio program), The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics, The New England Journal of Medicine, The New York Times, The Oprah Winfrey Show, Throat lozenge, Thrombosis, Thrombus, Tissue (biology), United Kingdom, United States Pharmacopeia, United States Senate, University of Kentucky, Urinary tract infection, Uterine cancer, Uterine fibroid, Water retention (medicine), Women's health, Women's Health Initiative, Wyeth, Yam (vegetable). Expand index (95 more) »

ABC News

ABC News is the news division of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), owned by the Disney Media Networks division of The Walt Disney Company.

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Abdominal pain

Abdominal pain, also known as a stomach ache, is a symptom associated with both non-serious and serious medical issues.

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Acne

Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is a long-term skin disease that occurs when hair follicles are clogged with dead skin cells and oil from the skin.

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Alternative medicine

Alternative medicine, fringe medicine, pseudomedicine or simply questionable medicine is the use and promotion of practices which are unproven, disproven, impossible to prove, or excessively harmful in relation to their effect — in the attempt to achieve the healing effects of medicine.--> --> --> They differ from experimental medicine in that the latter employs responsible investigation, and accepts results that show it to be ineffective. The scientific consensus is that alternative therapies either do not, or cannot, work. In some cases laws of nature are violated by their basic claims; in some the treatment is so much worse that its use is unethical. Alternative practices, products, and therapies range from only ineffective to having known harmful and toxic effects.--> Alternative therapies may be credited for perceived improvement through placebo effects, decreased use or effect of medical treatment (and therefore either decreased side effects; or nocebo effects towards standard treatment),--> or the natural course of the condition or disease. Alternative treatment is not the same as experimental treatment or traditional medicine, although both can be misused in ways that are alternative. Alternative or complementary medicine is dangerous because it may discourage people from getting the best possible treatment, and may lead to a false understanding of the body and of science.-->---> Alternative medicine is used by a significant number of people, though its popularity is often overstated.--> Large amounts of funding go to testing alternative medicine, with more than US$2.5 billion spent by the United States government alone.--> Almost none show any effect beyond that of false treatment,--> and most studies showing any effect have been statistical flukes. Alternative medicine is a highly profitable industry, with a strong lobby. This fact is often overlooked by media or intentionally kept hidden, with alternative practice being portrayed positively when compared to "big pharma". --> The lobby has successfully pushed for alternative therapies to be subject to far less regulation than conventional medicine.--> Alternative therapies may even be allowed to promote use when there is demonstrably no effect, only a tradition of use. Regulation and licensing of alternative medicine and health care providers varies between and within countries. Despite laws making it illegal to market or promote alternative therapies for use in cancer treatment, many practitioners promote them.--> Alternative medicine is criticized for taking advantage of the weakest members of society.--! Terminology has shifted over time, reflecting the preferred branding of practitioners.. Science Based Medicine--> For example, the United States National Institutes of Health department studying alternative medicine, currently named National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health, was established as the Office of Alternative Medicine and was renamed the National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine before obtaining its current name. Therapies are often framed as "natural" or "holistic", in apparent opposition to conventional medicine which is "artificial" and "narrow in scope", statements which are intentionally misleading. --> When used together with functional medical treatment, alternative therapies do not "complement" (improve the effect of, or mitigate the side effects of) treatment.--> Significant drug interactions caused by alternative therapies may instead negatively impact functional treatment, making it less effective, notably in cancer.--> Alternative diagnoses and treatments are not part of medicine, or of science-based curricula in medical schools, nor are they used in any practice based on scientific knowledge or experience.--> Alternative therapies are often based on religious belief, tradition, superstition, belief in supernatural energies, pseudoscience, errors in reasoning, propaganda, fraud, or lies.--> Alternative medicine is based on misleading statements, quackery, pseudoscience, antiscience, fraud, and poor scientific methodology. Promoting alternative medicine has been called dangerous and unethical.--> Testing alternative medicine that has no scientific basis has been called a waste of scarce research resources.--> Critics state that "there is really no such thing as alternative medicine, just medicine that works and medicine that doesn't",--> that the very idea of "alternative" treatments is paradoxical, as any treatment proven to work is by definition "medicine".-->.

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American Cancer Society

The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a nationwide voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer.

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American Congress of Obstetricians and Gynecologists

The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists is a professional association of physicians specializing in obstetrics and gynecology in the United States.

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American Medical Association

The American Medical Association (AMA), founded in 1847 and incorporated in 1897, is the largest association of physicians—both MDs and DOs—and medical students in the United States.

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American Pharmacists Association

The American Pharmacists Association (APhA, previously known as the American Pharmaceutical Association), founded in 1852, is the first-established professional society of pharmacists within the United States.

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Apoptosis

Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.

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Approved drug

An approved drug is a preparation that has been validated for a therapeutic use by a ruling authority of a government.

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Assay

An assay is an investigative (analytic) procedure in laboratory medicine, pharmacology, environmental biology and molecular biology for qualitatively assessing or quantitatively measuring the presence, amount, or functional activity of a target entity (the analyte).

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Asthma

Asthma is a common long-term inflammatory disease of the airways of the lungs.

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Atherosclerosis

Atherosclerosis is a disease in which the inside of an artery narrows due to the build up of plaque.

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Big Pharma conspiracy theory

The term Big Pharma conspiracy theories refers to conspiracy theories which claim that the medical establishment in general and pharmaceutical companies in particular operate for sinister purposes and against the public good.

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Biological half-life

The biological half-life of a biological substance is the time it takes for half to be removed by biological processes when the rate of removal is roughly exponential.

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Blood

Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

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Boxed warning

In the United States, a boxed warning (sometimes "black box warning", colloquially) is a type of warning that appears on the package insert for certain prescription drugs, so called because the U.S. Food and Drug Administration specifies that it is formatted with a 'box' or border around the text.

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Breast

The breast is one of two prominences located on the upper ventral region of the torso of primates.

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Breast cancer

Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue.

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Canadian Broadcasting Corporation

The Canadian Broadcasting Corporation (Société Radio-Canada), branded as CBC/Radio-Canada, is a Canadian federal Crown corporation that serves as the national public broadcaster for both radio and television.

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Canadian Family Physician

Canadian Family Physician (French: Médecin de famille canadien) is a monthly peer-reviewed open-access medical journal and the official journal of The College of Family Physicians of Canada.

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Candidiasis

Candidiasis is a fungal infection due to any type of Candida (a type of yeast).

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Cardiovascular disease

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is a class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels.

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Central nervous system

The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.

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Chicago Tribune

The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by Tronc, Inc., formerly Tribune Publishing.

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Circulatory system

The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.

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Climacteric (journal)

Climacteric is a bimonthly peer-reviewed medical journal that covers all aspects of aging in women, especially during the menopause.

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Clinical trial

Clinical trials are experiments or observations done in clinical research.

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Compounding

Pharmaceutical compounding (done in compounding pharmacies) is the creation of a particular pharmaceutical product to fit the unique need of a patient.

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Conflict of interest

A conflict of interest (COI) is a situation in which a person or organization is involved in multiple interests, financial or otherwise, and serving one interest could involve working against another.

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Conjugated estrogens

Conjugated estrogens (CEs), or conjugated equine estrogens (CEEs), sold under the brand name Premarin (a contraction of "pregnant mares' urine") among others, is an estrogen medication which is used in menopausal hormone therapy and for various other indications.

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Conjunctivitis

Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is inflammation of the outermost layer of the white part of the eye and the inner surface of the eyelid.

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Constipation

Constipation refers to bowel movements that are infrequent or hard to pass.

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Crystallography

Crystallography is the experimental science of determining the arrangement of atoms in crystalline solids (see crystal structure).

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Dementia

Dementia is a broad category of brain diseases that cause a long-term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember that is great enough to affect a person's daily functioning.

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Diethylstilbestrol

Diethylstilbestrol (DES), also known as stilbestrol or stilboestrol, is an estrogen medication which is mostly no longer used.

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Diosgenin

Diosgenin, a phytosteroid sapogenin, is the product of hydrolysis by acids, strong bases, or enzymes of saponins, extracted from the tubers of Dioscorea wild yam, such as the Kokoro.

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Editor-in-chief

An editor-in-chief, also known as lead editor, chief editor, managing or executive editor, is a publication's editorial leader who has final responsibility for its operations and policies.

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Endocrine Society

The Endocrine Society is a professional, international medical organization in the field of endocrinology and metabolism, founded in 1916 as The Association for the Study of Internal Secretions.

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Endogeny (biology)

Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within an organism, tissue, or cell.

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Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb).

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Epidemiology

Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where) and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.

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Epilepsy

Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures.

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Equus (genus)

Equus is a genus of mammals in the family Equidae, which includes horses, donkeys, and zebras.

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Esterified estrogens/methyltestosterone

Esterified estrogens/methyltestosterone, sold under brand names such as Covaryx, Eemt, Essian, Estratest, Menogen, and Syntest, is a hormonal preparation that combines esterified estrogens with methyltestosterone in one tablet and is used in menopausal hormone therapy.

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Estradiol

Estradiol (E2), also spelled oestradiol, is an estrogen steroid hormone and the major female sex hormone.

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Estradiol (medication)

Estradiol, also spelled oestradiol, is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone.

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Estradiol acetate

Estradiol acetate, sold under the brand names Femtrace, Femring, and Menoring, is an estrogen medication which is used as a part of hormone therapy for the treatment of menopausal symptoms in the United States, Europe, and elsewhere throughout the world.

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Estriol

Estriol (E3), also spelled oestriol, is a steroid, a weak estrogen, and a minor female sex hormone.

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Estrogen

Estrogen, or oestrogen, is the primary female sex hormone.

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Estrone

Estrone (E1), also spelled oestrone, is a steroid, a weak estrogen, and a minor female sex hormone.

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Ethinylestradiol

Ethinylestradiol (EE) is an estrogen medication which is used widely in birth control pills in combination with progestins.

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European Menopause and Andropause Society

The European Menopause and Andropause Society is an institution that promotes the study, and encourages research, of midlife health.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Evidence-based medicine

Evidence-based medicine (EBM) is an approach to medical practice intended to optimize decision-making by emphasizing the use of evidence from well-designed and well-conducted research.

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Food and Drug Administration

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Gallbladder disease

Gallbladder diseases are diseases involving the gallbladder.

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Gastrointestinal tract

The gastrointestinal tract (digestive tract, digestional tract, GI tract, GIT, gut, or alimentary canal) is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.

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Genitourinary system

The genitourinary system or urogenital system is the organ system of the reproductive organs and the urinary system.

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Harvard Medical School

Harvard Medical School (HMS) is the graduate medical school of Harvard University.

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Health Canada

Health Canada (Santé Canada) is the department of the government of Canada with responsibility for national public health.

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High-density lipoprotein

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) are one of the five major groups of lipoproteins.

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Hormone

A hormone (from the Greek participle “ὁρμῶ”, "to set in motion, urge on") is any member of a class of signaling molecules produced by glands in multicellular organisms that are transported by the circulatory system to target distant organs to regulate physiology and behaviour.

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Human musculoskeletal system

The human musculoskeletal system (also known as the locomotor system, and previously the activity system) is an organ system that gives humans the ability to move using their muscular and skeletal systems.

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Hyperglycemia

Hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar (also spelled hyperglycaemia or hyperglycæmia) is a condition in which an excessive amount of glucose circulates in the blood plasma.

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Hypertension

Hypertension (HTN or HT), also known as high blood pressure (HBP), is a long-term medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is persistently elevated.

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Infertility

Infertility is the inability of a person, animal or plant to reproduce by natural means.

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JAMA (journal)

JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association is a peer-reviewed medical journal published 48 times a year by the American Medical Association.

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James Collip

James Bertram Collip, (November 20, 1892 – June 19, 1965) was a Candadian biochemist who was part of the Toronto group which isolated insulin.

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Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine

The Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine is the official publication of the American Board of Family Medicine.

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Levonorgestrel

Levonorgestrel is a hormonal medication which is used in a number of birth control methods.

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Libido

Libido, colloquially known as sex drive, is a person's overall sexual drive or desire for sexual activity.

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Literature review

A literature review or narrative review is one of the two main types of review articles, the other being the systematic review.

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Liver

The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion.

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Major depressive disorder

Major depressive disorder (MDD), also known simply as depression, is a mental disorder characterized by at least two weeks of low mood that is present across most situations.

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Mayo Clinic

The Mayo Clinic is a nonprofit academic medical center based in Rochester, Minnesota focused on integrated clinical practice, education, and research.

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Medscape

Medscape is a website providing access to medical information for clinicians; the organization also provides continuing education for physicians and health professionals.

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Melasma

Melasma (also known as chloasma faciei,James, William; Berger, Timothy; Elston, Dirk (2005). Andrews' Diseases of the Skin: Clinical Dermatology. (10th ed.). Saunders.. or the mask of pregnancy when present in pregnant women) is a tan or dark skin discoloration.

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Menopause

Menopause, also known as the climacteric, is the time in most women's lives when menstrual periods stop permanently, and they are no longer able to bear children.

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Menstrual cycle

The menstrual cycle is the regular natural change that occurs in the female reproductive system (specifically the uterus and ovaries) that makes pregnancy possible.

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Micronization

Micronization is the process of reducing the average diameter of a solid material's particles.

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Migraine

A migraine is a primary headache disorder characterized by recurrent headaches that are moderate to severe.

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Molecule

A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.

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Myocardial infarction

Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.

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New Drug Application

The Food and Drug Administration's New Drug Application (NDA) is the vehicle in the United States through which drug sponsors formally propose that the FDA approve a new pharmaceutical for sale and marketing.

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Newsweek

Newsweek is an American weekly magazine founded in 1933.

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Norethisterone acetate

Norethisterone acetate (NETA), also known as norethindrone acetate and sold under the brand name Primolut-Nor among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills, menopausal hormone therapy, and for the treatment of gynecological disorders.

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Norgestimate

Norgestimate, sold under the brand names Ortho Tri-Cyclen and Previfem among others, is a progestin medication which is used in birth control pills for women and in menopausal hormone therapy.

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North American Menopause Society

The North American Menopause Society (NAMS), founded in 1989, is a nonprofit, multidisciplinary organization with the mission of promoting the health and quality of life of women during midlife and beyond through an understanding of menopause and healthy aging.

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Osteoporosis

Osteoporosis is a disease where increased bone weakness increases the risk of a broken bone.

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Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is a cancer that forms in or on an ovary.

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Over-the-counter drug

Over-the-counter (OTC) drugs are medicines sold directly to a consumer without a prescription from a healthcare professional, as opposed to prescription drugs, which may be sold only to consumers possessing a valid prescription.

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Panacea

In Greek mythology, Panacea (Greek Πανάκεια, Panakeia) was a goddess of universal remedy.

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Panacea (medicine)

The panacea, named after the Greek goddess of universal remedy Panacea, is any supposed remedy that is claimed to cure all diseases and prolong life indefinitely.

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Peripheral nervous system

The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of the two components of the nervous system, the other part is the central nervous system (CNS).

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Pharmacist

Pharmacists, also known as chemists (Commonwealth English) or druggists (North American and, archaically, Commonwealth English), are health professionals who practice in pharmacy, the field of health sciences focusing on safe and effective medication use.

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Pharmacodynamics

Pharmacodynamics is the study of the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs (especially pharmaceutical drugs).

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Pharmacokinetics

Pharmacokinetics (from Ancient Greek pharmakon "drug" and kinetikos "moving, putting in motion"; see chemical kinetics), sometimes abbreviated as PK, is a branch of pharmacology dedicated to determining the fate of substances administered to a living organism.

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Postmenopausal hormone therapy

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT), or postmenopausal hormone therapy (PHT, PMHT), also known as hormone replacement therapy in menopause, is a form of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) which is used in postmenopausal, perimenopausal, and surgically menopausal women.

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Prasterone

Prasterone, also known as dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) and sold under the brand names Gynodian Depot (as an ester) and Intrarosa among others, is a medication as well as supplement which is used to correct DHEA deficiency due to adrenal insufficiency or old age, as a component of menopausal hormone therapy, to treat painful sexual intercourse due to vaginal atrophy, and to prepare the cervix for childbirth among other uses.

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Precursor (chemistry)

In chemistry, a precursor is a compound that participates in a chemical reaction that produces another compound.

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Pregnancy

Pregnancy, also known as gestation, is the time during which one or more offspring develops inside a woman.

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Premenstrual syndrome

Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) refers to physical and emotional symptoms that occur in the one to two weeks before a woman's period.

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Progesterone (medication)

Progesterone is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone.

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Progestin

A progestin is a type of medication which is used most commonly in hormonal birth control and menopausal hormone therapy.

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Progestogen

Progestogens, also sometimes spelled progestagens or gestagens, are a class of steroid hormones that bind to and activate the progesterone receptor (PR).

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Pulmonary embolism

Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a blockage of an artery in the lungs by a substance that has moved from elsewhere in the body through the bloodstream (embolism).

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Quackwatch

Quackwatch is a United States-based network of people founded by Stephen Barrett, which aims to "combat health-related frauds, myths, fads, fallacies, and misconduct" and to focus on "quackery-related information that is difficult or impossible to get elsewhere".

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Randomized controlled trial

A randomized controlled trial (or randomized control trial; RCT) is a type of scientific (often medical) experiment which aims to reduce bias when testing a new treatment.

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Receptor (biochemistry)

In biochemistry and pharmacology, a receptor is a protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.

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Saliva testing

Saliva testing is a diagnostic technique that involves laboratory analysis of saliva to identify markers of endocrine, immunologic, inflammatory, infectious, and other types of conditions.

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Scientific journal

In academic publishing, a scientific journal is a periodical publication intended to further the progress of science, usually by reporting new research.

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Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada

The Society of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists of Canada (SOGC) is a national medical society in Canada, representing over 3,000 obstetricians/gynecologists, family physicians, nurses, midwives, and allied health professionals in the field of sexual reproductive health.

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Solvay S.A.

Solvay S.A. is a Belgian chemical company founded in 1863, with its head office in Neder-Over-Heembeek, Brussels, Belgium.

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Somnolence

Somnolence (alternatively "sleepiness" or "drowsiness") is a state of strong desire for sleep, or sleeping for unusually long periods (compare hypersomnia).

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Soybean

The soybean (Glycine max), or soya bean, is a species of legume native to East Asia, widely grown for its edible bean, which has numerous uses.

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Stephen Barrett

Stephen Joel Barrett (born 1933) is an American retired psychiatrist, author, co-founder of the National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF), and the webmaster of Quackwatch.

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Stress (biology)

Physiological or biological stress is an organism's response to a stressor such as an environmental condition.

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Stroke

A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.

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Suzanne Somers

Suzanne Somers (born Suzanne Marie Mahoney, October 16, 1946) is an American actress, author, singer, businesswoman, and health spokesperson.

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T. S. Wiley

Teresa S. Wiley is the author of Lights Out: Sleep, Sugar and Survival, and Sex, Lies and Menopause.

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Testosterone (medication)

Testosterone is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone.

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The BMJ

The BMJ is a weekly peer-reviewed medical journal.

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The Current (radio program)

The Current is a Canadian current affairs radio program, hosted by investigative reporter Anna Maria Tremonti on CBC Radio One.

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The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics

The Medical Letter on Drugs and Therapeutics (commonly referred to as The Medical Letter) is a peer-reviewed biweekly medical journal providing evaluations of pharmaceutical drugs.

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The New England Journal of Medicine

The New England Journal of Medicine (NEJM) is a weekly medical journal published by the Massachusetts Medical Society.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The Oprah Winfrey Show

The Oprah Winfrey Show, often referred to simply Oprah, is an American syndicated talk show that aired nationally for 25 seasons from September 8, 1986 to May 25, 2011 in Chicago, Illinois.

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Throat lozenge

A throat lozenge (cough drop, troche, cachou, or cough sweet) is a small, typically medicated tablet intended to be dissolved slowly in the mouth to temporarily stop coughs and lubricate and soothe irritated tissues of the throat (usually due to a sore throat), possibly from the common cold or influenza.

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Thrombosis

Thrombosis (from Ancient Greek θρόμβωσις thrómbōsis "clotting”) is the formation of a blood clot inside a blood vessel, obstructing the flow of blood through the circulatory system.

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Thrombus

A thrombus, colloquially called a blood clot, is the final product of the blood coagulation step in hemostasis.

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Tissue (biology)

In biology, tissue is a cellular organizational level between cells and a complete organ.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United States Pharmacopeia

The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) is a pharmacopeia (compendium of drug information) for the United States published annually by the United States Pharmacopeial Convention (usually also called the USP), a nonprofit organization that owns the trademark and copyright.

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United States Senate

The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, which along with the United States House of Representatives—the lower chamber—comprise the legislature of the United States.

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University of Kentucky

The University of Kentucky (UK) is a public co-educational university in Lexington, Kentucky.

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Urinary tract infection

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection that affects part of the urinary tract.

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Uterine cancer

Uterine cancer, also known as womb cancer, is any type of cancer that emerges from the tissue of the uterus.

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Uterine fibroid

Uterine fibroids, also known as uterine leiomyomas or fibroids, are benign smooth muscle tumors of the uterus.

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Water retention (medicine)

The term water retention (also known as fluid retention) or hydrops, hydropsy, edema, signifies an abnormal accumulation of clear, watery fluid in the tissues or cavities of the body.

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Women's health

Women's health refers to the health of women, which differs from that of men in many unique ways.

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Women's Health Initiative

The Women's Health Initiative (WHI) was initiated by the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH) in 1991.

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Wyeth

Wyeth was a pharmaceutical company purchased by Pfizer in 2009.

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Yam (vegetable)

Yam is the common name for some plant species in the genus Dioscorea (family Dioscoreaceae) that form edible tubers.

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Redirects here:

Bio-identical hormone, Bio-identical hormone replacement therapy, Bioidentical, Bioidentical Hormone Replacement Therapy, Bioidentical hormone, Bioidentical hormone therapy.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bioidentical_hormone_replacement_therapy

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