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179 relations: Acoustic guitar, Adhesive, Albanian language, Alder, Allergic rhinitis, Allergy, Ancient Rome, Aos Sí, Arrow, Asia, BBC, BBC News, Beech, Berkanan, Bet v I allergen, Betula albosinensis, Betula alleghaniensis, Betula alnoides, Betula browicziana, Betula chinensis, Betula cordifolia, Betula dahurica, Betula ermanii, Betula fruticosa, Betula glandulosa, Betula grossa, Betula humilis, Betula klokovii, Betula lenta, Betula michauxii, Betula minor, Betula nana, Betula neoalaskana, Betula nigra, Betula occidentalis, Betula papyrifera, Betula pendula, Betula platyphylla, Betula populifolia, Betula pubescens, Betula pumila, Betula raddeana, Betula szechuanica, Betula uber, Betula utilis, Betulaceae, Betulin, Birch bark, Birch bark manuscript, Birch beer, ..., Birch sap, Birch syrup, Birch tar, Birching, Black birch, Brady Haran, British Isles, Butterfly, Canoe, Carl Linnaeus, Catkin, Chichibu, Saitama, China, Corporal punishment, Cultivar, Danish language, Deciduous, Diminutive, Diuretic, Drum, Dutch language, Dye, Europe, Fagaceae, Fermentation, Firewood, Flavor, Footwear, Gaulish language, Genus, German language, Glassine, Hardwood, Hazel, Heat of combustion, Hornbeam, Hughes H-4 Hercules, IF Björklöven, India, Indigenous peoples in Canada, Karelia, Latin, Latitude, Latvian language, Leaf, Lenticel, Lepidoptera, List of Betula species, List of Lepidoptera that feed on birches, Lithuanian language, Longboard (skateboard), Loudspeaker enclosure, Low German, LS3/5A, Lucy Larcom, Maple, Medication, Methyl salicylate, Model aircraft, Montane ecosystems, Morton Arboretum, Moth, Native Americans in the United States, New Hampshire, New York City, Nordland (boat), North America, North India, Northern Europe, Norwegian language, Novosej, Oak, Oiling (leather processing), Old English, Old Irish, Ornäs birch, Ossetian language, Paper, Pentecost, Percussion instrument, Percussion mallet, Phytochemical, Pioneer species, Plant reproductive morphology, Plywood, Polish language, Pollen, Primary succession, Proto-Germanic language, Proto-Indo-European language, Pulp (paper), Resonance, Robert Frost, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Royal Society of Edinburgh, Runes, Russia, Russia leather, Russian language, Samara (fruit), Sanskrit, Satin, Sauna, Seawater, Secondary succession, Seedling, Shampoo, Shrub, Skateboard, Soap, Soil pH, Subarctic climate, Tír na nÓg, Tea, Temperate climate, The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery, Thermoplastic, Tonewood, Tree, Ukrainian language, Umeå, Umeå city fire, University of Nottingham, Vindolanda tablets, Welsh language, West Frisian language, Wigwam, Wood (magazine), Wood veneer. Expand index (129 more) »
Acoustic guitar
An acoustic guitar is a guitar that produces sound acoustically by transmitting the vibration of the strings to the air—as opposed to relying on electronic amplification (see electric guitar).
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Adhesive
An adhesive, also known as glue, cement, mucilage, or paste, is any substance applied to one surface, or both surfaces, of two separate items that binds them together and resists their separation.
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Albanian language
Albanian (shqip, or gjuha shqipe) is a language of the Indo-European family, in which it occupies an independent branch.
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Alder
Alder is the common name of a genus of flowering plants (Alnus) belonging to the birch family Betulaceae.
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Allergic rhinitis
Allergic rhinitis, also known as hay fever, is a type of inflammation in the nose which occurs when the immune system overreacts to allergens in the air.
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Allergy
Allergies, also known as allergic diseases, are a number of conditions caused by hypersensitivity of the immune system to typically harmless substances in the environment.
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Ancient Rome
In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.
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Aos Sí
The aos sí (older form aes sídhe) is the Irish term for a supernatural race in Irish mythology and Scottish mythology (where it is usually spelled Sìth, but pronounced the same), comparable to the fairies or elves.
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Arrow
An arrow is a fin-stabilized projectile that is launched via a bow, and usually consists of a long straight stiff shaft with stabilizers called fletchings, as well as a weighty (and usually sharp and pointed) arrowhead attached to the front end, and a slot at the rear end called nock for engaging bowstring.
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Asia
Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.
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BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is a British public service broadcaster.
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BBC News
BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.
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Beech
Beech (Fagus) is a genus of deciduous trees in the family Fagaceae, native to temperate Europe, Asia, and North America.
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Berkanan
Berkanan is the reconstructed Proto-Germanic name of the b rune, meaning "birch".
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Bet v I allergen
Bet v I allergen is a family of protein allergens.
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Betula albosinensis
Betula albosinensis (Chinese red birch), syn. B. bhojpattra var.
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Betula alleghaniensis
Betula alleghaniensis (yellow birch, also known as golden birch), is a large and important lumber species of birch native to North-eastern North America.
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Betula alnoides
Betula alnoides (กำลังเสือโคร่ง,, literally: "tiger power") is a species of birch that can be found in natural condition in such countries as Bhutan, Cambodia, China, India, Laos, Myanmar, Nepal, Thailand and Vietnam at an elevation of and sometimes higher (up to). The southernmost of all known birch species, whose natural range reaches approximately 12° N in Cardamom Mountains, Cambodia.
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Betula browicziana
Betula browicziana is a species of plant in the Betulaceae family.
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Betula chinensis
Betula chinensis, commonly known as dwarf small-leaf birch, is a species of birch that can be found in China and Korea on the elevation of.
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Betula cordifolia
Betula cordifolia (mountain paper birch, also known as mountain white birch or eastern paper birch) is a birch species native to Eastern Canada and the New EnglandUnited States.
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Betula dahurica
Betula dahurica (lit. 'Daur birch') or Asian black birch is a species of birch which is native to China, Japan, Korea, eastern Mongolia, and Russian Far East.
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Betula ermanii
Betula ermanii, or Erman's birch, is a species of birch tree belonging to the family Betulaceae.
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Betula fruticosa
Betula fruticosa, commonly known as dwarf bog birch, is a species of dwarf birch that grows in central and eastern Europe (except for Finland where it grows rare) and Siberia and Mongolia on elevation of in forests, streambanks, and swamps.
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Betula glandulosa
Betula glandulosa, American dwarf birch, also known as resin birch or shrub birch, is a species of birch native to North America, occurring in arctic and cool temperate areas from Alaska east to Newfoundland and southern Greenland, and south at high altitudes to northern California, Colorado, and the Black Hills of South Dakota in the west, and locally south to northern New York in the east.
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Betula grossa
Betula grossa Siebold & Zucc.
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Betula humilis
Betula humilis is a species of birch that can be found in Europe and Asia.
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Betula klokovii
Betula klokovii are a species of trees restricted to Ukraine.
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Betula lenta
Betula lenta (sweet birch, also known as black birch, cherry birch, mahogany birch, or spice birch) is a species of birch native to eastern North America, from southern Maine west to southernmost Ontario, and south in the Appalachian Mountains to northern Georgia.
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Betula michauxii
Betula michauxii, Newfoundland dwarf birch, is a species of birch which is native to Newfoundland from which it got introduced to Nova Scotia and Quebec.
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Betula minor
Betula minor, the dwarf white birch, is a species of birch which can be found in Eastern Canada and in such US states as Maine, New Hampshire, and New York.
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Betula nana
Betula nana, the dwarf birch, is a species of birch in the family Betulaceae, found mainly in the tundra of the Arctic region.
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Betula neoalaskana
Betula neoalaskana (syn. B. resinifera) or Alaska Birch, also known as Alaska Paper Birch or Resin Birch, is a species of birch native to Alaska and northern Canada.
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Betula nigra
Betula nigra (black birch, river birch, water birch) is a species of birch native to the Eastern United States from New Hampshire west to southern Minnesota, and south to northern Florida and west to Texas.
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Betula occidentalis
Betula occidentalis (Water Birch, also known as Red Birch) is a species of birch native to western North America, in Canada from Yukon east to western Ontario and southwards, and in the United States from eastern Washington east to western North Dakota, and south to eastern California, northern Arizona and northern New Mexico, and southwestern Alaska.
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Betula papyrifera
Betula papyrifera (paper birch, also known as white birch and canoe birch) is a short-lived species of birch native to northern North America.
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Betula pendula
Betula pendula, commonly known as silver birch, warty birch, European white birch, or East Asian white birch, is a species of tree in the family Betulaceae, native to Europe and parts of Asia, though in southern Europe it is only found at higher altitudes.
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Betula platyphylla
Betula platyphylla, the Japanese white birch or Siberian silver birch, is a tree species belonging to the genus Betula.
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Betula populifolia
Betula populifolia (gray or grey birch) is a deciduous tree native to eastern North America.
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Betula pubescens
Betula pubescens (syn. Betula alba), commonly known as downy birch and also as moor birch, white birch, European white birch or hairy birch, is a species of deciduous tree, native and abundant throughout northern Europe and northern Asia, growing farther north than any other broadleaf tree.
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Betula pumila
Betula pumila (dwarf birch or bog birch) is a deciduous shrub native to North America.
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Betula raddeana
Betula raddeana is a species of plant in the Betulaceae family.
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Betula szechuanica
Betula szechuanica (Sichuan birch or Szechuan birch) is a birch species native to Sichuan, China, conical in shape, growing to 20 meters in height, with white bark, yellow-green male catkins or green female catkins, and dark, blue-green leaves.
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Betula uber
Betula uber (Virginia Round-leaf Birch) is a rare species of tree in the birch family.
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Betula utilis
Betula utilis (Himalayan birch, bhojpatra, भूर्ज bhūrja) is a birch tree native to the Himalayas, growing at elevations up to.
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Betulaceae
Betulaceae, the birch family, includes six genera of deciduous nut-bearing trees and shrubs, including the birches, alders, hazels, hornbeams, hazel-hornbeam, and hop-hornbeams numbering a total of 167 species.
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Betulin
Betulin is an abundant, naturally occurring triterpene.
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Birch bark
Birch bark or birchbark is the bark of several Eurasian and North American birch trees of the genus Betula.
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Birch bark manuscript
Birch bark manuscripts are documents written on pieces of the inner layer of birch bark, which was commonly used for writing before the advent of mass production of paper.
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Birch beer
Birch beer in its most common form is a carbonated soft drink made from herbal extracts and birch bark.
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Birch sap
Birch sap or birch water is the sap directly tapped from birch trees, Betula alba (white birch), Betula pendula (silver birch), Betula lenta, Betula papyrifera, and Betula fontinalis.
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Birch syrup
Birch syrup is a savory mineral tasting syrup made from the sap of birch trees, and produced in much the same way as maple syrup.
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Birch tar
Birch tar or birch pitch is a substance (liquid when heated) derived from the dry distillation of the bark of the birch tree.
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Birching
Birching is a corporal punishment with a birch rod, typically applied to the recipient's bare buttocks, although occasionally to the back and/or shoulders.
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Black birch
Black birch is a common name for several trees, and may refer to.
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Brady Haran
Brady John Haran (born 18 June 1976) is an Australian-born British independent filmmaker and video journalist who is known for his educational videos and documentary films produced for BBC News and his YouTube channels, the most notable being Periodic Videos and Numberphile.
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British Isles
The British Isles are a group of islands off the north-western coast of continental Europe that consist of the islands of Great Britain, Ireland, the Isle of Man and over six thousand smaller isles.
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Butterfly
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths.
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Canoe
A canoe is a lightweight narrow vessel, typically pointed at both ends and open on top, propelled by one or more seated or kneeling paddlers facing the direction of travel using a single-bladed paddle.
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Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement as Carl von LinnéBlunt (2004), p. 171.
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Catkin
A catkin or ament is a slim, cylindrical flower cluster (a spike), with inconspicuous or no petals, usually wind-pollinated (anemophilous) but sometimes insect-pollinated (as in Salix).
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Chichibu, Saitama
is a city located in Saitama Prefecture, Japan.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Corporal punishment
Corporal punishment or physical punishment is a punishment intended to cause physical pain on a person.
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Cultivar
The term cultivarCultivar has two denominations as explained in Formal definition.
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Danish language
Danish (dansk, dansk sprog) is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people, principally in Denmark and in the region of Southern Schleswig in northern Germany, where it has minority language status.
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Deciduous
In the fields of horticulture and botany, the term deciduous (/dɪˈsɪdʒuəs/) means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, after flowering; and to the shedding of ripe fruit.
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Diminutive
A diminutive is a word that has been modified to convey a slighter degree of its root meaning, to convey the smallness of the object or quality named, or to convey a sense of intimacy or endearment.
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Diuretic
A diuretic is any substance that promotes diuresis, the increased production of urine.
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Drum
The drum is a member of the percussion group of musical instruments.
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Dutch language
The Dutch language is a West Germanic language, spoken by around 23 million people as a first language (including the population of the Netherlands where it is the official language, and about sixty percent of Belgium where it is one of the three official languages) and by another 5 million as a second language.
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Dye
A dye is a colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Fagaceae
Fagaceae is a family of flowering plants that includes beeches and oaks, and comprises eight genera with about 927 species.
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Fermentation
Fermentation is a metabolic process that consumes sugar in the absence of oxygen.
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Firewood
Firewood is any wooden material that is gathered and used for fuel.
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Flavor
Flavor (American English) or flavour (British English; see spelling differences) is the sensory impression of food or other substance, and is determined primarily by the chemical senses of taste and smell.
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Footwear
Footwear refers to garments worn on the feet, which originally serves to purpose of protection against adversities of the environment, usually regarding ground textures and temperature.
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Gaulish language
Gaulish was an ancient Celtic language that was spoken in parts of Europe as late as the Roman Empire.
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Genus
A genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology.
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German language
German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.
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Glassine
Glassine is a smooth and glossy paper that is air, water and grease resistant.
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Hardwood
Hardwood is wood from dicot trees.
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Hazel
The hazel (Corylus) is a genus of deciduous trees and large shrubs native to the temperate Northern Hemisphere.
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Heat of combustion
The heating value (or energy value or calorific value) of a substance, usually a fuel or food (see food energy), is the amount of heat released during the combustion of a specified amount of it.
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Hornbeam
Hornbeams are hardwood trees in the flowering plant genus Carpinus in the birch family Betulaceae.
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Hughes H-4 Hercules
The Hughes H-4 Hercules (also known as the Spruce Goose; registration NX37602) is a prototype strategic airlift flying boat designed and built by the Hughes Aircraft Company.
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IF Björklöven
IF Björklöven (often simply referred to as Björklöven or Löven) is a Swedish professional ice hockey club in Umeå, Västerbotten, in northern Sweden.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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Indigenous peoples in Canada
Indigenous peoples in Canada, also known as Native Canadians or Aboriginal Canadians, are the indigenous peoples within the boundaries of present-day Canada.
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Karelia
Karelia (Karelian, Finnish and Estonian: Karjala; Карелия, Kareliya; Karelen), the land of the Karelian peoples, is an area in Northern Europe of historical significance for Finland, Russia, and Sweden.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Latitude
In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the Earth's surface.
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Latvian language
Latvian (latviešu valoda) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region.
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Leaf
A leaf is an organ of a vascular plant and is the principal lateral appendage of the stem.
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Lenticel
A lenticel is a porous tissue consisting of cells with large intercellular spaces in the periderm of the secondarily thickened organs and the bark of woody stems and roots of dicotyledonous flowering plants.
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Lepidoptera
Lepidoptera is an order of insects that includes butterflies and moths (both are called lepidopterans).
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List of Betula species
Subgenera of genus Betula (Birch), are;.
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List of Lepidoptera that feed on birches
Birches, Betula species, are used as food plants by the larvae of a large number of Lepidoptera species including.
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Lithuanian language
Lithuanian (lietuvių kalba) is a Baltic language spoken in the Baltic region.
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Longboard (skateboard)
A longboard is a type of sports equipment similar to, but not the same as, a skateboard.
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Loudspeaker enclosure
A loudspeaker enclosure or loudspeaker cabinet is an enclosure (often box-shaped) in which speaker drivers (e.g., loudspeakers and tweeters) and associated electronic hardware, such as crossover circuits and, in some cases, power amplifiers, are mounted.
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Low German
Low German or Low Saxon (Plattdütsch, Plattdüütsch, Plattdütsk, Plattduitsk, Nedersaksies; Plattdeutsch, Niederdeutsch; Nederduits) is a West Germanic language spoken mainly in northern Germany and the eastern part of the Netherlands.
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LS3/5A
The LS3/5A (each element pronounced separately, without the stroke) is a small studio monitor loudspeaker originated by the BBC for use by outside broadcast vans to ensure quality of their broadcasts.
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Lucy Larcom
Lucy Larcom (March 5, 1824 – April 17, 1893) was an American teacher, poet, and author.
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Maple
Acer is a genus of trees or shrubs commonly known as maple.
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Medication
A medication (also referred to as medicine, pharmaceutical drug, or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
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Methyl salicylate
Methyl salicylate (oil of wintergreen or wintergreen oil) is an organic compound with the formula C6H4(OH)(CO2CH3).
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Model aircraft
A model aircraft is a small sized unmanned aircraft or, in the case of a scale model, a replica of an existing or imaginary aircraft.
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Montane ecosystems
Montane ecosystems refers to any ecosystem found in mountains.
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Morton Arboretum
The Morton Arboretum, in Lisle, Illinois, is a public garden and outdoor museum with a library, herbarium, and program in tree research including the Center for Tree Science.
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Moth
Moths comprise a group of insects related to butterflies, belonging to the order Lepidoptera.
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Native Americans in the United States
Native Americans, also known as American Indians, Indians, Indigenous Americans and other terms, are the indigenous peoples of the United States.
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New Hampshire
New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.
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New York City
The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.
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Nordland (boat)
The Nordland boat (or Nordlandsbåt), is a type of fishing boat that has been used for centuries in northern counties of Nordland, Troms and Finnmark of Norway and derives its name from Nordland county where it has a long history.
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North America
North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.
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North India
North India is a loosely defined region consisting of the northern part of India.
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Northern Europe
Northern Europe is the general term for the geographical region in Europe that is approximately north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea.
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Norwegian language
Norwegian (norsk) is a North Germanic language spoken mainly in Norway, where it is the official language.
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Novosej
Novosej is one of the villages of the former Shishtavec Municipality which is part of the Kukës County in Albania.
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Oak
An oak is a tree or shrub in the genus Quercus (Latin "oak tree") of the beech family, Fagaceae.
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Oiling (leather processing)
Oiling is a process whereby leather is hand coated (usually by brush or tampon) with either a raw (un-emulsified) oil or a combination of raw oil, blended with emulsified oils and a penetrating aid.
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Old English
Old English (Ænglisc, Anglisc, Englisc), or Anglo-Saxon, is the earliest historical form of the English language, spoken in England and southern and eastern Scotland in the early Middle Ages.
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Old Irish
Old Irish (Goídelc; Sean-Ghaeilge; Seann Ghàidhlig; Shenn Yernish; sometimes called Old Gaelic) is the name given to the oldest form of the Goidelic languages for which extensive written texts are extant.
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Ornäs birch
The Ornäs birch, (Swedish Ornäsbjörk, Latin Betula pendula 'Dalecarlica') is a variety of silver birch with deeply indented leaves.
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Ossetian language
Ossetian, also known as Ossete and Ossetic, is an Eastern Iranian language spoken in Ossetia, a region on the northern slopes of the Caucasus Mountains.
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Paper
Paper is a thin material produced by pressing together moist fibres of cellulose pulp derived from wood, rags or grasses, and drying them into flexible sheets.
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Pentecost
The Christian feast day of Pentecost is seven weeks after Easter Sunday: that is to say, the fiftieth day after Easter inclusive of Easter Sunday.
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Percussion instrument
A percussion instrument is a musical instrument that is sounded by being struck or scraped by a beater (including attached or enclosed beaters or rattles); struck, scraped or rubbed by hand; or struck against another similar instrument.
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Percussion mallet
A percussion mallet or beater is an object used to strike or beat a percussion instrument in order to produce its sound.
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Phytochemical
Phytochemicals are chemical compounds produced by plants, generally to help them thrive or thwart competitors, predators, or pathogens.
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Pioneer species
Pioneer species are hardy species which are the first to colonize previously biodiverse steady-state ecosystems.
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Plant reproductive morphology
Plant reproductive morphology is the study of the physical form and structure (the morphology) of those parts of plants directly or indirectly concerned with sexual reproduction.
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Plywood
Plywood is a sheet material manufactured from thin layers or "plies" of wood veneer that are glued together with adjacent layers having their wood grain rotated up to 90 degrees to one another.
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Polish language
Polish (język polski or simply polski) is a West Slavic language spoken primarily in Poland and is the native language of the Poles.
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Pollen
Pollen is a fine to coarse powdery substance comprising pollen grains which are male microgametophytes of seed plants, which produce male gametes (sperm cells).
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Primary succession
Primary succession is one of two types of biological and ecological succession of plant life, occurring in an environment in which new substrate devoid of vegetation and other organisms usually lacking soil, such as a lava flow or area left from retreated glacier, is deposited.
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Proto-Germanic language
Proto-Germanic (abbreviated PGmc; German: Urgermanisch; also called Common Germanic, German: Gemeingermanisch) is the reconstructed proto-language of the Germanic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Proto-Indo-European language
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the linguistic reconstruction of the hypothetical common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, the most widely spoken language family in the world.
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Pulp (paper)
Pulp is a lignocellulosic fibrous material prepared by chemically or mechanically separating cellulose fibres from wood, fiber crops, waste paper, or rags.
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Resonance
In physics, resonance is a phenomenon in which a vibrating system or external force drives another system to oscillate with greater amplitude at specific frequencies.
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Robert Frost
Robert Lee Frost (March26, 1874January29, 1963) was an American poet.
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Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew
Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew (brand name Kew) is a non-departmental public body in the United Kingdom sponsored by the Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs.
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Royal Society of Edinburgh
The Royal Society of Edinburgh is Scotland's national academy of science and letters.
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Runes
Runes are the letters in a set of related alphabets known as runic alphabets, which were used to write various Germanic languages before the adoption of the Latin alphabet and for specialised purposes thereafter.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Russia leather
Russia leather is a particular form of bark-tanned cow leather.
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Russian language
Russian (rússkiy yazýk) is an East Slavic language, which is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely spoken throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
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Samara (fruit)
A samara is a winged achene, a type of fruit in which a flattened wing of fibrous, papery tissue develops from the ovary wall.
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Sanskrit
Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.
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Satin
Satin is a weave that typically has a glossy surface and a dull back.
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Sauna
A sauna, or sudatory, is a small room or building designed as a place to experience dry or wet heat sessions, or an establishment with one or more of these facilities.
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Seawater
Seawater, or salt water, is water from a sea or ocean.
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Secondary succession
Secondary succession is one of the two types of ecological succession of plant life.
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Seedling
A seedling is a young plant sporophyte developing out of a plant embryo from a seed.
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Shampoo
Shampoo is a hair care product, typically in the form of a viscous liquid, that is used for cleaning hair.
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Shrub
A shrub or bush is a small to medium-sized woody plant.
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Skateboard
A skateboard is a type of sports equipment used primarily for the sport of skateboarding.
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Soap
Soap is the term for a salt of a fatty acid or for a variety of cleansing and lubricating products produced from such a substance.
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Soil pH
Soil pH is a measure of the acidity or basicity (alkalinity) of a soil.
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Subarctic climate
The subarctic climate (also called subpolar climate, subalpine climate, or boreal climate) is a climate characterised by long, usually very cold winters, and short, cool to mild summers.
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Tír na nÓg
In Irish mythology and folklore, Tír na nÓg ("Land of the Young") or Tír na hÓige ("Land of Youth") is one of the names for the Otherworld, or perhaps for a part of it.
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Tea
Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the Camellia sinensis, an evergreen shrub (bush) native to Asia.
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Temperate climate
In geography, the temperate or tepid climates of Earth occur in the middle latitudes, which span between the tropics and the polar regions of Earth.
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The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery
The Journal of Bone & Joint Surgery is a biweekly peer reviewed medical journal in the field of orthopedic surgery.
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Thermoplastic
A thermoplastic, or thermosoftening plastic, is a plastic material, a polymer, that becomes pliable or moldable above a specific temperature and solidifies upon cooling.
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Tonewood
Tonewood refers to specific wood varieties that possess tonal properties that make them good choices for use in acoustic stringed instruments.
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Tree
In botany, a tree is a perennial plant with an elongated stem, or trunk, supporting branches and leaves in most species.
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Ukrainian language
No description.
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Umeå
Umeå (South Westrobothnian; Uumaja, Ume Sami: Ubmeje, Upmeje, Ubmi) is a city in north east Sweden.
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Umeå city fire
The Great Fire of Umeå took place in 1888 and destroyed most of the city of Umeå in Sweden.
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University of Nottingham
The University of Nottingham is a public research university in Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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Vindolanda tablets
The Vindolanda tablets were, at the time of their discovery, the oldest surviving handwritten documents in Britain (they have now been antedated by the Bloomberg tablets).
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Welsh language
Welsh (Cymraeg or y Gymraeg) is a member of the Brittonic branch of the Celtic languages.
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West Frisian language
West Frisian, or simply Frisian (Frysk; Fries) is a West Germanic language spoken mostly in the province of Friesland (Fryslân) in the north of the Netherlands, mostly by those of Frisian ancestry.
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Wigwam
A wigwam, wickiup or wetu is a domed dwelling formerly used by certain Native American and First Nations tribes, and still used for ceremonial purposes.
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Wood (magazine)
WOOD is a magazine catering to the home and hobby woodworker with more than 350,000 subscribers.
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Wood veneer
In woodworking, veneer refers to thin slices of wood, usually thinner than 3 mm (1/8 inch), that typically are glued onto core panels (typically, wood, particle board or medium-density fiberboard) to produce flat panels such as doors, tops and panels for cabinets, parquet floors and parts of furniture.
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Redirects here:
Apterocaryon, Betula, Betula species, Betulaster, Birch Tree, Birch tree, Birch trees, Birches, Birchs, Chamaebetula.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birch
