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Bond (finance)

Index Bond (finance)

In finance, a bond is an instrument of indebtedness of the bond issuer to the holders. [1]

178 relations: Accrual bond, Accrued interest, American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009, Arbitrage, Arirang bond, Asset-backed security, Baklava bond, Bank, Bankruptcy, Bearer bond, Bid–ask spread, Bitcoin, Blockchain, Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index, Bond credit rating, Bond duration, Bond fund, Bond market, Bond market index, Bookrunner, Brady Bonds, Build America Bonds, Call option, Callable bond, Central bank, Certificate of deposit, Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code, Clean price, Climate bond, Collateralized debt obligation, Collateralized mortgage obligation, Collective action clause, Commercial paper, Consol (bond), Contract, Convertible bond, Corporate bond, Counterparty, Coupon (bond), Covered bond, Credit rating agency, Credit risk, Criticism of debt, Cryptography, Current yield, Debenture, Debt, Deferred financing cost, Dim sum bond, Dirty price, ..., Dividend, Embedded option, English language, Equity (finance), Equity-linked note, Euribor, Eurobond, Eurodollar, Exchangeable bond, Federal Bureau of Investigation, Finance, Financial instrument, Fixed income, Fixed rate bond, Floating rate note, Foreign exchange risk, Formosa bond, Future interest, GDP-linked bond, General ledger, Gilt-edged securities, Government bond, Gross domestic product, Hedge (finance), Hedge fund, High-yield debt, Hybrid security, Immunization (finance), Income tax, Indenture, Index of accounting articles, Inflation-indexed bond, Insurance, Interest, Interest rate risk, Internal rate of return, International Securities Identification Number, Investment, Investopedia, IOU, Kimchi bond, Libor, Liquidation, Liquidator (law), Liquidity risk, Loan, London Stock Exchange, Loss given default, Lottery bond, Majority, Mark-to-market accounting, Market liquidity, Market price, Masala bonds, Matryoshka doll, Maturity (finance), MCI Inc., Merrill Lynch Domestic Master, Monetary inflation, Money market, Moody's Investors Service, Mortgage-backed security, Municipal bond, Mutual fund, Newsweek, Nominal yield, Open-source software, Operational risk, Option (finance), Option style, Outline of economics, Outline of finance, Over-the-counter (finance), Panda bonds, Par value, Penal bond, Pension fund, Perpetual bond, Perpetuity, Portfolio (finance), Prepayment of loan, Present value, Primary market, Probability of default, Promissory note, Put option, Puttable bond, Rate of return, Reference rate, Reinvestment risk, Revenue bond, Russell Indexes, S&P 500 Index, Salomon BIG, Samurai bond, Security (finance), Serial bond, Settlement (finance), Short-rate model, Sinking fund, Smart bond (finance), Smart contract, Social impact bond, Sovereign wealth fund, Standard & Poor's, Stock, Structured note, Subordinated debt, Supermajority, Supranational union, Syndicate, Tax advantage, Tombstone (advertising), Tranche, Transaction cost, Transparency (market), UBS, Underwriting, United Kingdom, United States, United States entity, United States Treasury security, Uridashi bonds, Volatility risk, War bond, Yield curve, Yield to maturity, Zero-coupon bond. Expand index (128 more) »

Accrual bond

An accrual bond is a fixed-interest bond that is issued at its face value and repaid at the end of the maturity period together with the accrued interest.

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Accrued interest

In finance, accrued interest is the interest on a bond or loan that has accumulated since the principal investment, or since the previous coupon payment if there has been one already.

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American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009

The American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA), nicknamed the Recovery Act, was a stimulus package enacted by the 111th U.S. Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama in February 2009.

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Arbitrage

In economics and finance, arbitrage is the practice of taking advantage of a price difference between two or more markets: striking a combination of matching deals that capitalize upon the imbalance, the profit being the difference between the market prices.

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Arirang bond

An Arirang bond is a won-denominated bond issued by a foreign entity in South Korea.

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Asset-backed security

An asset-backed security (ABS) is a security whose income payments and hence value are derived from and collateralized (or "backed") by a specified pool of underlying assets.

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Baklava bond

A Baklava bond is a bond denominated in Turkish Lira and issued by a domestic or foreign entity in Turkey.

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Bank

A bank is a financial institution that accepts deposits from the public and creates credit.

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Bankruptcy

Bankruptcy is a legal status of a person or other entity that cannot repay debts to creditors.

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Bearer bond

A bearer bond is a bond or debt security issued by a business entity such as a corporation, or a government.

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Bid–ask spread

The bid–ask spread (also bid–offer or bid/ask and buy/sell in the case of a market maker), is the difference between the prices quoted (either by a single market maker or in a limit order book) for an immediate sale (offer) and an immediate purchase (bid) for stocks, futures contracts, options, or currency pairs.

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Bitcoin

Bitcoin (₿) is the world's first cryptocurrency, a form of electronic cash.

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Blockchain

A blockchain, originally block chain, is a continuously growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked and secured using cryptography.

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Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index

The Bloomberg Barclays US Aggregate Bond Index, which until August 24, 2016 was called the Barclays Capital Aggregate Bond Index, and which until November 3, 2008 was called the "Lehman Aggregate Bond Index," is a broad base index, maintained by Bloomberg L.P. since August 24, 2016, and prior to then by Barclays which took over the index business of the now defunct Lehman Brothers, and is often used to represent investment grade bonds being traded in United States.

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Bond credit rating

In investment, the bond credit rating represents the credit worthiness of corporate or government bonds.

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Bond duration

In finance, the duration of a financial asset that consists of fixed cash flows, for example a bond, is the weighted average of the times until those fixed cash flows are received.

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Bond fund

A bond fund or debt fund is a fund that invests in bonds, or other debt securities.

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Bond market

The bond market (also debt market or credit market) is a financial market where participants can issue new debt, known as the primary market, or buy and sell debt securities, known as the secondary market.

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Bond market index

A bond index or bond market index is a method of measuring the value of a section of the bond market.

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Bookrunner

In investment banking, a bookrunner is usually the main underwriter or lead-manager/arranger/coordinator in equity, debt, or hybrid securities issuances.

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Brady Bonds

Brady bonds are dollar-denominated bonds, issued mostly by Latin American countries in the late 1980s.

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Build America Bonds

Build America Bonds are taxable municipal bonds that carry special tax credits and federal subsidies for either the bond issuer or the bondholder.

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Call option

A call option, often simply labeled a "call", is a financial contract between two parties, the buyer and the seller of this type of option.

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Callable bond

A callable bond (also called redeemable bond) is a type of bond (debt security) that allows the issuer of the bond to retain the privilege of redeeming the bond at some point before the bond reaches its date of maturity.

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Central bank

A central bank, reserve bank, or monetary authority is an institution that manages a state's currency, money supply, and interest rates.

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Certificate of deposit

A certificate of deposit (CD) is a time deposit, a financial product commonly sold in the United States and elsewhere by banks, thrift institutions, and credit unions.

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Chapter 11, Title 11, United States Code

Chapter 11 is a chapter of Title 11, the United States Bankruptcy Code, which permits reorganization under the bankruptcy laws of the United States.

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Clean price

In finance, the clean price is the price of a bond excluding any interest that has accrued since issue or the most recent coupon payment.

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Climate bond

Climate bonds (also known as green bonds) are fixed-income financial instruments (bonds) linked in some way to climate change solutions.

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Collateralized debt obligation

A collateralized debt obligation (CDO) is a type of structured asset-backed security (ABS).

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Collateralized mortgage obligation

A collateralized mortgage obligation (CMO) is a type of complex debt security that repackages and directs the payments of principal and interest from a collateral pool to different types and maturities of securities, thereby meeting investor needs.

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Collective action clause

A collective action clause (CAC) allows a supermajority of bondholders to agree to a debt restructuring that is legally binding on all holders of the bond, including those who vote against the restructuring.

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Commercial paper

Commercial paper, in the global financial market, is an unsecured promissory note with a fixed maturity of not more than 364 days.

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Consol (bond)

Consols (originally short for consolidated annuities, but subsequently taken to mean consolidated stock) was a name given to certain government debt issues in the form of perpetual bonds, redeemable at the option of the government.

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Contract

A contract is a promise or set of promises that are legally enforceable and, if violated, allow the injured party access to legal remedies.

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Convertible bond

In finance, a convertible bond or convertible note or convertible debt (or a convertible debenture if it has a maturity of greater than 10 years) is a type of bond that the holder can convert into a specified number of shares of common stock in the issuing company or cash of equal value.

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Corporate bond

A corporate bond is a bond issued by a corporation in order to raise financing for a variety of reasons such as to ongoing operations, M&A, or to expand business.

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Counterparty

A counterparty (sometimes contraparty) is a legal entity, unincorporated entity, or collection of entities to which an exposure to financial risk might exist.

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Coupon (bond)

A coupon payment on a bond is the annual interest payment that the bondholder receives from the bond's issue date until it matures.

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Covered bond

Covered bonds are debt securities issued by a bank or mortgage institution and collateralised against a pool of assets that, in case of failure of the issuer, can cover claims at any point of time.

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Credit rating agency

A credit rating agency (CRA, also called a ratings service) is a company that assigns credit ratings, which rate a debtor's ability to pay back debt by making timely interest payments and the likelihood of default.

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Credit risk

A credit risk is the risk of default on a debt that may arise from a borrower failing to make required payments.

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Criticism of debt

This article is about criticism of, and arguments against debt.

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Cryptography

Cryptography or cryptology (from κρυπτός|translit.

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Current yield

The current yield, interest yield, income yield, flat yield, market yield, mark to market yield or running yield is a financial term used in reference to bonds and other fixed-interest securities such as gilts.

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Debenture

In corporate finance, a debenture is a medium to long-term debt instrument used by large companies to borrow money, at a fixed rate of interest.

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Debt

Debt is when something, usually money, is owed by one party, the borrower or debtor, to a second party, the lender or creditor.

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Deferred financing cost

Deferred financing costs or debt issuance costs is an accounting concept meaning costs associated with issuing debt (loans and bonds), such as various fees and commissions paid to investment banks, law firms, auditors, regulators, and so on.

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Dim sum bond

Dim sum bonds are bonds issued outside of China but denominated in Chinese renminbi, rather than the local currency.

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Dirty price

The price of a bond is the present value of its future cash-flows.

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Dividend

A dividend is a payment made by a corporation to its shareholders, usually as a distribution of profits.

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Embedded option

An embedded option is a component of a financial bond or other security, and usually provides the bondholder or the issuer the right to take some action against the other party.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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Equity (finance)

In accounting, equity (or owner's equity) is the difference between the value of the assets and the value of the liabilities of something owned.

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Equity-linked note

An equity-linked note (ELN) is a debt instrument, usually a bond, that differs from a standard fixed-income security in that the final payout is based on the return of the underlying equity, which can be a single stock, basket of stocks, or an equity index.

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Euribor

The Euro Interbank Offered Rate (Euribor) is a daily reference rate, published by the European Money Markets Institute, based on the averaged interest rates at which Eurozone banks offer to lend unsecured funds to other banks in the euro wholesale money market (or interbank market).

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Eurobond

A eurobond is an international bond that is denominated in a currency not native to the country where it is issued.

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Eurodollar

Eurodollars are time deposits denominated in U.S. dollars at banks outside the United States, and thus are not under the jurisdiction of the Federal Reserve.

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Exchangeable bond

Exchangeable bond (or XB) is a type of hybrid security consisting of a straight bond and an embedded option to exchange the bond for the stock of a company other than the issuer (usually a subsidiary or company in which the issuer owns a stake) at some future date and under prescribed conditions.

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Federal Bureau of Investigation

The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI), formerly the Bureau of Investigation (BOI), is the domestic intelligence and security service of the United States, and its principal federal law enforcement agency.

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Finance

Finance is a field that is concerned with the allocation (investment) of assets and liabilities (known as elements of the balance statement) over space and time, often under conditions of risk or uncertainty.

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Financial instrument

Financial instruments are monetary contracts between parties.

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Fixed income

Fixed income refers to any type of investment under which the borrower or issuer is obliged to make payments of a fixed amount on a fixed schedule.

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Fixed rate bond

In finance, a fixed rate bond is a type of debt instrument bond with a fixed coupon (interest) rate, as opposed to a floating rate note.

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Floating rate note

Floating rate notes (FRNs) are bonds that have a variable coupon, equal to a money market reference rate, like LIBOR or federal funds rate, plus a quoted spread (also known as quoted margin).

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Foreign exchange risk

Foreign exchange risk (also known as FX risk, exchange rate risk or currency risk) is a financial risk that exists when a financial transaction is denominated in a currency other than that of the base currency of the company.

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Formosa bond

A Formosa bond is a bond issued in Taiwan but denominated in a currency other than the New Taiwan Dollar.

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Future interest

In property law and real estate, a future interest is a legal right to property ownership that does not include the right to present possession or enjoyment of the property.

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GDP-linked bond

In finance, a GDP-linked bond is a debt security or derivative security in which the authorized issuer (a country) promises to pay a return, in addition to amortization, that varies with the behavior of Gross Domestic Product (GDP).

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General ledger

A general ledger contains all the accounts for recording transactions relating to a company's assets, liabilities, owners' equity, revenue, and expenses.

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Gilt-edged securities

Gilt-edged securities are bonds issued by the UK Government.

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Government bond

A government bond or sovereign bond is a bond issued by a national government, generally with a promise to pay periodic interest payments and to repay the face value on the maturity date.

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Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.

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Hedge (finance)

A hedge is an investment position intended to offset potential losses or gains that may be incurred by a companion investment.

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Hedge fund

A hedge fund is an investment fund that pools capital from accredited individuals or institutional investors and invests in a variety of assets, often with complex portfolio-construction and risk-management techniques.

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High-yield debt

In finance, a high-yield bond (non-investment-grade bond, speculative-grade bond, or junk bond) is a bond that is rated below investment grade.

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Hybrid security

Hybrid securities are a broad group of securities that combine the characteristics of the two broader groups of securities, debt and equity.

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Immunization (finance)

In finance, interest rate immunization, as developed by Frank Redington is a strategy that ensures that a change in interest rates will not affect the value of a portfolio.

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Income tax

An income tax is a tax imposed on individuals or entities (taxpayers) that varies with respective income or profits (taxable income).

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Indenture

An indenture is a legal contract that reflects or covers a debt or purchase obligation.

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Index of accounting articles

This page is an index of accounting topics.

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Inflation-indexed bond

Daily inflation-indexed bonds (also known as inflation-linked bonds or colloquially as linkers) are bonds where the principal is indexed to inflation or deflation on a daily basis in terms of the official Daily CPI or monetized daily indexed unit of account like the Unidad de Fomento in Chile and the Real Value unit of Colombia.

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Insurance

Insurance is a means of protection from financial loss.

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Interest

Interest is payment from a borrower or deposit-taking financial institution to a lender or depositor of an amount above repayment of the principal sum (i.e., the amount borrowed), at a particular rate.

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Interest rate risk

Interest rate risk is the risk that arises for bond owners from fluctuating interest rates.

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Internal rate of return

The internal rate of return (IRR) is a method of calculating rate of return.

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International Securities Identification Number

An International Securities Identification Number (ISIN) uniquely identifies a security.

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Investment

In general, to invest is to allocate money (or sometimes another resource, such as time) in the expectation of some benefit in the future – for example, investment in durable goods, in real estate by the service industry, in factories for manufacturing, in product development, and in research and development.

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Investopedia

Investopedia is a privately owned website based in New York City that focuses on investing education and financial news.

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IOU

An IOU (abbreviated from the phrase "I owe you") is usually an informal document acknowledging debt.

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Kimchi bond

A Kimchi bond is a non-won-denominated bond issued in the South Korean market.

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Libor

The London Inter-bank Offered Rate is the average of interest rates estimated by each of the leading banks in London that it would be charged were it to borrow from other banks.

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Liquidation

In United Kingdom, Republic of Ireland and United States law and business, liquidation is the process by which a company is brought to an end.

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Liquidator (law)

In law, a liquidator is the officer appointed when a company goes into winding-up or liquidation who has responsibility for collecting in all of the assets under such circumstances of the company and settling all claims against the company before putting the company into dissolution.

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Liquidity risk

Liquidity risk is a financial risk that for a certain period of time a given financial asset, security or commodity cannot be traded quickly enough in the market without impacting the market price.

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Loan

In finance, a loan is the lending of money by one or more individuals, organizations, and/or other entities to other individuals, organizations etc.

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London Stock Exchange

The London Stock Exchange (LSE) is a stock exchange located in the City of London, England.

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Loss given default

Loss given default or LGD is the share of an asset that is lost if a borrower defaults.

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Lottery bond

Lottery bonds are a type of government bond in which some randomly selected bonds within the issue are redeemed at a higher value than the face value of the bond.

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Majority

A majority is the greater part, or more than half, of the total.

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Mark-to-market accounting

Mark-to-market (MTM or M2M) or fair value accounting refers to accounting for the "fair value" of an asset or liability based on the current market price, or for similar assets and liabilities, or based on another objectively assessed "fair" value.

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Market liquidity

In business, economics or investment, market liquidity is a market's feature whereby an individual or firm can quickly purchase or sell an asset without causing a drastic change in the asset's price.

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Market price

In economics, market price is the economic price for which a good or service is offered in the marketplace.

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Masala bonds

Masala bonds are bonds issued outside India but denominated in Indian Rupees, rather than the local currency.

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Matryoshka doll

A matryoshka doll (a), also known as a Russian nesting doll, stacking dolls, or Russian doll, is a set of wooden dolls of decreasing size placed one inside another.

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Maturity (finance)

In finance, maturity or maturity date refers to the final payment date of a loan or other financial instrument, at which point the principal (and all remaining interest) is due to be paid.

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MCI Inc.

MCI, Inc. (d/b/a Verizon Business) was an American telecommunication corporation, currently a subsidiary of Verizon Communications, with its main office in Ashburn, Virginia.

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Merrill Lynch Domestic Master

The Merrill Lynch Domestic Master is a common American Bond index, analogous to the S&P 500 for stocks, owned by Merrill Lynch.

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Monetary inflation

Monetary inflation is a sustained increase in the money supply of a country (or currency area).

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Money market

As money became a commodity, the money market became a component of the financial markets for assets involved in short-term borrowing, lending, buying and selling with original maturities of one year or less.

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Moody's Investors Service

Moody's Investors Service, often referred to as Moody's, is the bond credit rating business of Moody's Corporation, representing the company's traditional line of business and its historical name.

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Mortgage-backed security

A mortgage-backed security (MBS) is a type of asset-backed security that is secured by a mortgage or collection of mortgages.

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Municipal bond

A municipal bond, commonly known as a Muni Bond, is a bond issued by a local government or territory, or one of their agencies.

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Mutual fund

A mutual fund is a professionally managed investment fund that pools money from many investors to purchase securities.

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Newsweek

Newsweek is an American weekly magazine founded in 1933.

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Nominal yield

The coupon rate (or nominal rate or nominal yield) of a fixed income security is the (annualized) amount of the coupon, which is a fixed percentage of the par value.

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Open-source software

Open-source software (OSS) is a type of computer software whose source code is released under a license in which the copyright holder grants users the rights to study, change, and distribute the software to anyone and for any purpose.

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Operational risk

Operational risk is "the risk of a change in value caused by the fact that actual losses, incurred for inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or from external events (including legal risk), differ from the expected losses".

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Option (finance)

In finance, an option is a contract which gives the buyer (the owner or holder of the option) the right, but not the obligation, to buy or sell an underlying asset or instrument at a specified strike price on a specified date, depending on the form of the option.

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Option style

In finance, the style or family of an option is the class into which the option falls, usually defined by the dates on which the option may be exercised.

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Outline of economics

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to economics: Economics – analyzes the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

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Outline of finance

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to finance: Finance – addresses the ways in which individuals and organizations raise and allocate monetary resources over time, taking into account the risks entailed in their projects.

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Over-the-counter (finance)

Over-the-counter (OTC) or off-exchange trading is done directly between two parties, without the supervision of an exchange.

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Panda bonds

A Panda bond is a Chinese renminbi-denominated bond from a non-Chinese issuer, sold in the People's Republic of China.

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Par value

Par value, in finance and accounting, means stated value or face value.

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Penal bond

A penal bond is a written instrument executed between an obligor and an obligee designed to secure the performance of a legal obligation through the in terrorem effect of the threat of a penalty for nonperformance.

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Pension fund

A pension fund, also known as a superannuation fund in some countries, is any plan, fund, or scheme which provides retirement income.

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Perpetual bond

Perpetual bond, which is also known as a perpetual or just a perp, is a bond with no maturity date.

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Perpetuity

A perpetuity is an annuity that has no end, or a stream of cash payments that continues forever.

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Portfolio (finance)

In finance, a portfolio is a collection of investments held by an investment company, hedge fund, financial institution or individual.

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Prepayment of loan

Prepayment is the early repayment of a loan by a borrower, in part or in full, often as a result of optional refinancing to take advantage of lower interest rates.

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Present value

In economics and finance, present value (PV), also known as present discounted value, is the value of an expected income stream determined as of the date of valuation.

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Primary market

The primary market is the part of the capital market that deals with issuing of new securities.

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Probability of default

Probability of default (PD) is a financial term describing the likelihood of a default over a particular time horizon.

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Promissory note

A promissory note, sometimes referred to as a note payable, is a legal instrument (more particularly, a financial instrument and a debt instrument), in which one party (the maker or issuer) promises in writing to pay a determinate sum of money to the other (the payee), either at a fixed or determinable future time or on demand of the payee, under specific terms.

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Put option

In finance, a put or put option is a stock market device which gives the owner of a put the right, but not the obligation, to sell an asset (the underlying), at a specified price (the strike), by a predetermined date (the expiry or maturity) to a given party (the seller of the put).

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Puttable bond

Puttable bond (put bond, putable or retractable bond) is a bond with an embedded put option.

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Rate of return

In finance, return is a profit on an investment.

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Reference rate

A reference rate is a rate that determines pay-offs in a financial contract and that is outside the control of the parties to the contract.

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Reinvestment risk

Reinvestment risk is one of the main genres of financial risk.

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Revenue bond

A revenue bond is a special type of municipal bond distinguished by its guarantee of repayment solely from revenues generated by a specified revenue-generating entity associated with the purpose of the bonds, rather than from a tax.

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Russell Indexes

Russell indexes are a family of global equity indices from FTSE Russell that allow investors to track the performance of distinct market segments worldwide.

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S&P 500 Index

The Standard & Poor's 500, often abbreviated as the S&P 500, or just the S&P, is an American stock market index based on the market capitalizations of 500 large companies having common stock listed on the NYSE or NASDAQ.

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Salomon BIG

The Salomon Broad Investment Grade Index (known as the Salomon BIG or Citigroup BIG) is a common American Bond index, akin to the S&P 500 for stocks, originally owned by Salomon Brothers and now run by its successor, Citigroup.

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Samurai bond

A samurai bond is a yen-denominated bond issued in Tokyo by non-Japanese companies, and is subject to Japanese regulations.

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Security (finance)

A security is a tradable financial asset.

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Serial bond

Serial bonds are financial bonds that mature in installments over a period of time.

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Settlement (finance)

Settlement of securities is a business process whereby securities or interests in securities are delivered, usually against (in simultaneous exchange for) payment of money, to fulfill contractual obligations, such as those arising under securities trades.

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Short-rate model

A short-rate model, in the context of interest rate derivatives, is a mathematical model that describes the future evolution of interest rates by describing the future evolution of the short rate, usually written r_t \,.

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Sinking fund

A sinking fund is a fund established by an economic entity by setting aside revenue over a period of time to fund a future capital expense, or repayment of a long-term debt.

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Smart bond (finance)

A smart bond is a specific type of an automated bond contract that uses the capabilities of blockchain databases that can operate as cryptographically-secure yet open and transparent general ledgers.

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Smart contract

A smart contract is a computer protocol intended to digitally facilitate, verify, or enforce the negotiation or performance of a contract.

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Social impact bond

A Social impact bond, also known as Pay for Success Financing, a Pay for Success Bond or a Social Benefit Bond or simply a Social Bond, is a contract with the public sector in which a commitment is made to pay for improved social outcomes that result in public sector savings.

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Sovereign wealth fund

A sovereign wealth fund (SWF) or sovereign investment fund is a state-owned investment fund that invests in real and financial assets such as stocks, bonds, real estate, precious metals, or in alternative investments such as private equity fund or hedge funds.

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Standard & Poor's

Standard & Poor's Financial Services LLC (S&P) is an American financial services company.

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Stock

The stock (also capital stock) of a corporation is constituted of the equity stock of its owners.

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Structured note

A structured note is an over the counter derivative with hybrid security features which combine payoffs from multiple ordinary securities, typically a stock or bond plus a derivative.

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Subordinated debt

In finance, subordinated debt (also known as subordinated loan, subordinated bond, subordinated debenture or junior debt) is debt which ranks after other debts if a company falls into liquidation or bankruptcy.

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Supermajority

A supermajority or supra-majority or a qualified majority, is a requirement for a proposal to gain a specified level of support which is greater than the threshold of one-half used for majority.

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Supranational union

A supranational union is a type of multinational political union where negotiated power is delegated to an authority by governments of member states.

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Syndicate

A syndicate is a self-organizing group of individuals, companies, corporations or entities formed to transact some specific business, to pursue or promote a shared interest.

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Tax advantage

Tax advantage refers to the economic bonus which applies to certain accounts or investments that are, by statute, tax-reduced, tax-deferred, or tax-free.

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Tombstone (advertising)

A tombstone is a particular type of print advertisement appearing in a newspaper or magazine.

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Tranche

In structured finance, a tranche is one of a number of related securities offered as part of the same transaction.

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Transaction cost

In economics and related disciplines, a transaction cost is a cost in making any economic trade when participating in a market.

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Transparency (market)

In economics, a market is transparent if much is known by many about: What products and services or capital assets are available, market depth (quantity available), what price, and where.

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UBS

UBS Group AG is a Swiss multinational investment bank and financial services company founded and based in Switzerland.

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Underwriting

Underwriting services are provided by some large specialist financial institutions, such as banks, insurance or investment houses, whereby they guarantee payment in case of damage or financial loss and accept the financial risk for liability arising from such guarantee.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States entity

United States entity is a designation given to some entities (firms, etc.), e.g. for International Traffic in Arms Regulations purposes: For purposes of the preceding paragraph, a U.S. entity is a firm incorporated in the United States (or an unincorporated U.S. firm with its principal place of business in the United States) that is controlled by U.S. citizens or by another U.S. entity.

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United States Treasury security

A United States Treasury security is an IOU from the US Government.

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Uridashi bonds

An Uridashi bond is a secondary offering of bonds outside Japan.

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Volatility risk

Volatility risk is the risk of a change of price of a portfolio as a result of changes in the volatility of a risk factor.

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War bond

War bonds are debt securities issued by a government to finance military operations and other expenditure in times of war.

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Yield curve

In finance, the yield curve is a curve showing several yields or interest rates across different contract lengths (2 month, 2 year, 20 year, etc....) for a similar debt contract.

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Yield to maturity

The yield to maturity (YTM), book yield or redemption yield of a bond or other fixed-interest security, such as gilts, is the (theoretical) internal rate of return (IRR, overall interest rate) earned by an investor who buys the bond today at the market price, assuming that the bond is held until maturity, and that all coupon and principal payments are made on schedule.

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Zero-coupon bond

A zero-coupon bond (also discount bond or deep discount bond) is a bond where the face value is repaid at the time of maturity.

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Bond (economics), Bond (money), Bond (security), Bond debt, Bond issue, Bond issues, Bond offering, Bond tap, Bondholder, Bondholders, Bulldog bond, Financial bond, Foreign bond, Outstanding bond, Outstanding bonds, Principal (finance), Principal sum, Railroad bond, Shogun Bond, Shogun bond, Tap issue, Tap-issued, Yankee bonds.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bond_(finance)

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