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Plastoquinone

Index Plastoquinone

Plastoquinone (PQ) is an isoprenoid quinone molecule involved in the electron transport chain in the light-dependent reactions of photosynthesis. [1]

35 relations: Algae, Alzheimer's disease, Amyloid beta, Antioxidant, ATP synthase, Benzoquinone, Carbonyl group, Chloroplast, Coenzyme Q10, Condensation reaction, Cyanobacteria, Cytochrome b6f complex, Electron transport chain, Hydrogen peroxide, Hydroxy group, Isoprene, Light-dependent reactions, Lipid bilayer, Methylation, Non-mevalonate pathway, Photosynthesis, Photosystem II, Plastid, Plastocyanin, Proton, Protonophore, Quinone, Reactive oxygen species, Rhodamine, SkQ, Superoxide, Terpenoid, Thylakoid, Tyrosine, 1,4-Benzoquinone.

Algae

Algae (singular alga) is an informal term for a large, diverse group of photosynthetic organisms that are not necessarily closely related, and is thus polyphyletic.

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Alzheimer's disease

Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and worsens over time.

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Amyloid beta

Amyloid beta (Aβ or Abeta) denotes peptides of 36–43 amino acids that are crucially involved in Alzheimer's disease as the main component of the amyloid plaques found in the brains of Alzheimer patients.

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Antioxidant

Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules.

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ATP synthase

ATP synthase is an enzyme that creates the energy storage molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

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Benzoquinone

Benzoquinone (C6H4O2) is a quinone with a single benzene ring, of which there are only two.

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Carbonyl group

In organic chemistry, a carbonyl group is a functional group composed of a carbon atom double-bonded to an oxygen atom: C.

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Chloroplast

Chloroplasts are organelles, specialized compartments, in plant and algal cells.

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Coenzyme Q10

Coenzyme Q10, also known as ubiquinone, ubidecarenone, coenzyme Q, and abbreviated at times to CoQ10, CoQ, or Q10 is a coenzyme that is ubiquitous in animals and most bacteria (hence the name ubiquinone).

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Condensation reaction

A condensation reaction is a class of an organic addition reaction that proceeds in a step-wise fashion to produce the addition product, usually in equilibrium, and a water molecule (hence named condensation).

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Cyanobacteria

Cyanobacteria, also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis, and are the only photosynthetic prokaryotes able to produce oxygen.

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Cytochrome b6f complex

The cytochrome b6f complex (plastoquinol—plastocyanin reductase) is an enzyme found in the thylakoid membrane in chloroplasts of plants, cyanobacteria, and green algae, that catalyzes the transfer of electrons from plastoquinol to plastocyanin.

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Electron transport chain

An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox (both reduction and oxidation occurring simultaneously) reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane.

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Hydrogen peroxide

Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula.

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Hydroxy group

A hydroxy or hydroxyl group is the entity with the formula OH.

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Isoprene

Isoprene, or 2-methyl-1,3-butadiene, is a common organic compound with the formula CH2.

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Light-dependent reactions

In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions take place on the thylakoid membranes.

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Lipid bilayer

The lipid bilayer (or phospholipid bilayer) is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules.

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Methylation

In the chemical sciences, methylation denotes the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group.

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Non-mevalonate pathway

The non-mevalonate pathway—also appearing as the mevalonate-independent pathway and the 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate/1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (MEP/DOXP) pathway—is an alternative metabolic pathway for the biosynthesis of the isoprenoid precursors isopentenyl pyrophosphate (IPP) and dimethylallyl pyrophosphate (DMAPP).

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Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis is a process used by plants and other organisms to convert light energy into chemical energy that can later be released to fuel the organisms' activities (energy transformation).

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Photosystem II

Photosystem II (or water-plastoquinone oxidoreductase) is the first protein complex in the light-dependent reactions of oxygenic photosynthesis.

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Plastid

The plastid (Greek: πλαστός; plastós: formed, molded – plural plastids) is a double-membrane organelle found in the cells of plants, algae, and some other eukaryotic organisms.

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Plastocyanin

Plastocyanin is a copper-containing protein involved in electron-transfer.

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Proton

| magnetic_moment.

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Protonophore

A protonophore, also known as a proton translocator, is an ionophore that moves protons across lipid bilayers.

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Quinone

The quinones are a class of organic compounds that are formally "derived from aromatic compounds by conversion of an even number of –CH.

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Reactive oxygen species

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen.

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Rhodamine

Rhodamine is a family of related chemical compounds, fluorone dyes.

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SkQ

SkQ (10-(6'-Plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenyl-phosphonium) stands for a class of organic molecules composed of a large organic cation that are proposed to target molecules attached to them to mitochondria.

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Superoxide

A superoxide is a compound that contains the superoxide anion, which has the chemical formula.

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Terpenoid

The terpenoids, sometimes called isoprenoids, are a large and diverse class of naturally occurring organic chemicals derived from terpenes.

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Thylakoid

A thylakoid is a membrane-bound compartment inside chloroplasts and cyanobacteria.

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Tyrosine

Tyrosine (symbol Tyr or Y) or 4-hydroxyphenylalanine is one of the 20 standard amino acids that are used by cells to synthesize proteins.

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1,4-Benzoquinone

1,4-Benzoquinone, commonly known as para-quinone, is a chemical compound with the formula C6H4O2.

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Redirects here:

C53H80O2, Plastoquinol, Plastoquinones.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plastoquinone

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