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87 relations: Adams–Onís Treaty, Admission to the Union, Alta California, Alta California Territory, Arizona, Baja California, Baja California Peninsula, Baja California Sur, California, Carlos Francisco de Croix, marqués de Croix, Colorado, Colorado Desert, Colorado River, Conquest of California, Department (country subdivision), Etymology of California, Eusebio Kino, Gaspar de Portolá, Great Basin Desert, Gulf of California, Hispanic America, History of California, History of California before 1900, Indigenous peoples of California, José de Gálvez, José Joaquín de Arrillaga, José María de Echeandía, Juan Bandini, Juan Bautista de Anza, Juan María de Salvatierra, La Paz, Baja California Sur, List of governors in the Viceroyalty of New Spain, List of Governors of California before 1850, List of sovereign states, List of states of Mexico, Loreto, Baja California Sur, Los Angeles, Los Cabos Municipality, Lower Colorado River Valley, Mexicali, Mexican War of Independence, Mexican–American War, Mexico, Mexico–United States border, Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó, Misión San Bruno, Mojave Desert, Monterey, California, Mountain range, Mountain Time Zone, ..., Nevada, New Mexico, New Spain, North America, Pacific Ocean, Pacific Time Zone, Pedro Fages, Peninsular Ranges, Population of Native California, Portolá expedition, Rain shadow, Ranchos of California, Region, San Diego, San Francisco, San Francisco Bay Area, San Jose, California, Sierra Nevada (U.S.), Siete Leyes, Spanish colonization of the Americas, Spanish Empire, Spanish language, Spanish missions in Baja California, Spanish missions in California, Suppression of the Society of Jesus, The Canadas, The Carolinas, The Dakotas, The Floridas, The Virginias, Tijuana, Transverse Ranges, Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, U.S. state, United States, Utah, Wyoming. Expand index (37 more) »
Adams–Onís Treaty
The Adams–Onís Treaty of 1819, also known as the Transcontinental Treaty, the Florida Purchase Treaty, or the Florida Treaty,Weeks, p.168.
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Admission to the Union
The Admission to the Union Clause of the United States Constitution, oftentimes called the New States Clause, and found at Article IV, Section 3, Clause 1, authorizes the Congress to admit new states into the United States beyond the thirteen already in existence at the time the Constitution went into effect.
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Alta California
Alta California (Upper California), founded in 1769 by Gaspar de Portolà, was a polity of New Spain, and, after the Mexican War of Independence in 1822, a territory of Mexico.
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Alta California Territory
Alta California Territory (Upper California) was a 19th-century federal territory formed under the Mexican Constitution of 1824.
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Arizona
Arizona (Hoozdo Hahoodzo; Alĭ ṣonak) is a U.S. state in the southwestern region of the United States.
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Baja California
Baja CaliforniaSometimes informally referred to as Baja California Norte (North Lower California) to distinguish it from both the Baja California Peninsula, of which it forms the northern half, and Baja California Sur, the adjacent state that covers the southern half of the peninsula.
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Baja California Peninsula
The Baja California Peninsula (Lower California Peninsula, Península de Baja California) is a peninsula in Northwestern Mexico.
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Baja California Sur
Baja California Sur, (South Lower California), officially the Free and Sovereign State of Baja California Sur (Estado Libre y Soberano de Baja California Sur), is the second-smallest Mexican state by population and the 31st admitted state of the 31 states which, with Mexico City, make up the 32 Federal Entities of Mexico.
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California
California is a state in the Pacific Region of the United States.
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Carlos Francisco de Croix, marqués de Croix
Carlos Francisco de Croix, marqués de Croix (1699 in Lille, Flanders – 1786 in Valencia, Spain), was a Spanish general and viceroy of New Spain, from August 25, 1766 to September 22, 1771, a period of considerable turbulence.
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Colorado
Colorado is a state of the United States encompassing most of the southern Rocky Mountains as well as the northeastern portion of the Colorado Plateau and the western edge of the Great Plains.
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Colorado Desert
California's Colorado Desert is a part of the larger Sonoran Desert.
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Colorado River
The Colorado River is one of the principal rivers of the Southwestern United States and northern Mexico (the other being the Rio Grande).
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Conquest of California
The California Campaign (1846–1847), colloquially the Conquest of California or Conquest of Alta California by the United States, was an early military campaign of the Mexican–American War that took place in the western part of Mexico's Alta California Department, in the present-day state of California.
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Department (country subdivision)
A department is an administrative or political subdivision in many countries.
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Etymology of California
California is a place name used by three North American states: in the United States by the state of California, and in Mexico by the states of Baja California and Baja California Sur.
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Eusebio Kino
Eusebio Francisco Kino (Eusebio Francesco Chini, Eusebio Francisco Kino; 10 August 1645 – 15 March 1711) was an Italian Jesuit, missionary, geographer, explorer, cartographer and astronomer.
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Gaspar de Portolá
Gaspar de Portolá y Rovira (1716–1786) was a Spanish soldier and administrator in New Spain.
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Great Basin Desert
The Great Basin Desert is part of the Great Basin between the Sierra Nevada and the Wasatch Range.
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Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (also known as the Sea of Cortez, Sea of Cortés or Vermilion Sea; locally known in the Spanish language as Mar de Cortés or Mar Bermejo or Golfo de California) is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California Peninsula from the Mexican mainland.
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Hispanic America
Hispanic America (Spanish: Hispanoamérica, or América hispana), also known as Spanish America (Spanish: América española), is the region comprising the Spanish-speaking nations in the Americas.
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History of California
The history of California can be divided into: the Native American period; European exploration period from 1542 to 1769; the Spanish colonial period, 1769 to 1821; the Mexican period, 1821 to 1848; and United States statehood, from September 9, 1850 (in Compromise of 1850) which continues to this present day.
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History of California before 1900
Human history in California began when indigenous Americans first arrived some 13,000–15,000 years ago.
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Indigenous peoples of California
The Indigenous peoples of California (known as Native Californians) are the indigenous inhabitants who have lived or currently live in the geographic area within the current boundaries of California before and after the arrival of Europeans.
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José de Gálvez
José de Gálvez y Gallardo, marqués de Sonora (2 January 1720, Macharavialla, Spain – 17 June 1787, Aranjuez, Spain) was a Spanish lawyer and Visitador generál (inspector general) in New Spain (1764–1772); later appointed to the Council of the Indies (1775–1787).
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José Joaquín de Arrillaga
José Joaquín de Arrillaga was an officer of Basque origin born in Aia, Spain, who went on to become seventh (1792-1794) and tenth (1800–1814) governor of Alta California.
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José María de Echeandía
José María de Echeandía (☩ 1871) was twice Mexican governor of Alta California from 1825 to 1831 and again from 1832 to 1833.
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Juan Bandini
Juan Bandini (1800 – November 4, 1859) was an early settler of what would become San Diego, California.
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Juan Bautista de Anza
Juan Bautista de Anza Bezerra Nieto (July 6/7, 1736 – December 19, 1788) was a New-Spanish explorer of Basque descent, and Governor of New Mexico for the Spanish Crown.
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Juan María de Salvatierra
Juan María de Salvatierra, S.J., (November 15, 1648 – July 17, 1717) was a Catholic missionary to the Americas.
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La Paz, Baja California Sur
La Paz (Peace) is the capital city of the Mexican state of Baja California Sur and an important regional commercial center.
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List of governors in the Viceroyalty of New Spain
Governors in the various provinces of the Viceroyalty of New Spain. In addition to governors, the following list (under construction) intends to give an overview of colonial units of the provincial level; therefore it also includes some offices of similar rank, especially the intendant.
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List of Governors of California before 1850
Below is a list of the Governors of early California (1769–1850), before its admission as the 31st U.S. state.
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List of sovereign states
This list of sovereign states provides an overview of sovereign states around the world, with information on their status and recognition of their sovereignty.
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List of states of Mexico
The states of Mexico are first-level administrative territorial entities of the country of Mexico, which officially is named United Mexican States.
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Loreto, Baja California Sur
Loreto (or Conchó) is a resort town and municipal seat of Loreto Municipality, located on the Gulf of California in eastern Baja California Sur state, Mexico.
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Los Angeles
Los Angeles (Spanish for "The Angels";; officially: the City of Los Angeles; colloquially: by its initials L.A.) is the second-most populous city in the United States, after New York City.
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Los Cabos Municipality
Los Cabos is a municipality located at the southern tip of Mexico's Baja California Peninsula, in the state of Baja California Sur.
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Lower Colorado River Valley
The Lower Colorado River Valley ("LCRV") is the river region of the lower Colorado River of the southwestern United States in North America that rises in the Rocky Mountains and has its outlet at the Colorado River Delta in the northern Gulf of California in northwestern Mexico, between the states of Baja California and Sonora.
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Mexicali
Mexicali is the capital city of the Mexican state of Baja California and seat of the Municipality of Mexicali.
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Mexican War of Independence
The Mexican War of Independence (Guerra de Independencia de México) was an armed conflict, and the culmination of a political and social process which ended the rule of Spain in 1821 in the territory of New Spain.
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Mexican–American War
The Mexican–American War, also known as the Mexican War in the United States and in Mexico as the American intervention in Mexico, was an armed conflict between the United States of America and the United Mexican States (Mexico) from 1846 to 1848.
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Mexico
Mexico (México; Mēxihco), officially called the United Mexican States (Estados Unidos Mexicanos) is a federal republic in the southern portion of North America.
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Mexico–United States border
The Mexico–United States border is an international border separating Mexico and the United States, extending from the Pacific Ocean to the west and Gulf of Mexico to the east.
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Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó
Misión de Nuestra Señora de Loreto Conchó, or Mission Loreto, was founded on October 25, 1697 at the Monqui Native American (Indian) settlement of Conchó in the present city of Loreto, Baja California Sur, Mexico.
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Misión San Bruno
The short-lived Jesuit mission of San Bruno was established in 1684 on the Baja California Peninsula near the Gulf of California, in colonial Mexico of the Viceroyalty of New Spain.
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Mojave Desert
The Mojave Desert is an arid rain-shadow desert and the driest desert in North America.
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Monterey, California
Monterey is a city located in Monterey County in the U.S. state of California, on the southern edge of Monterey Bay on California's Central Coast.
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Mountain range
A mountain range or hill range is a series of mountains or hills ranged in a line and connected by high ground.
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Mountain Time Zone
The Mountain Time Zone of North America keeps time by subtracting seven hours from Coordinated Universal Time (UTC) when standard time is in effect, and by subtracting six hours during daylight saving time (UTC−6).
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Nevada
Nevada (see pronunciations) is a state in the Western, Mountain West, and Southwestern regions of the United States of America.
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New Mexico
New Mexico (Nuevo México, Yootó Hahoodzo) is a state in the Southwestern Region of the United States of America.
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New Spain
The Viceroyalty of New Spain (Virreinato de la Nueva España) was an integral territorial entity of the Spanish Empire, established by Habsburg Spain during the Spanish colonization of the Americas.
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North America
North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.
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Pacific Ocean
The Pacific Ocean is the largest and deepest of Earth's oceanic divisions.
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Pacific Time Zone
The Pacific Time Zone (PT) is a time zone encompassing parts of western Canada, the western United States, and western Mexico.
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Pedro Fages
Pedro Fages (1734–1794; Pere Fages i Beleta) was a Spanish soldier, explorer, first Lieutenant Governor of the Californias under Gaspar de Portolá, and second (1770–74) and fifth (1782–91) Governor of Alta California.
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Peninsular Ranges
The Peninsular Ranges (also called the Lower California province) are a group of mountain ranges that stretch from Southern California to the southern tip of the Baja California Peninsula; they are part of the North American Coast Ranges, which run along the Pacific Coast from Alaska to Mexico.
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Population of Native California
Estimates of the Population of Native Californians prior to and after European contact have varied substantially.
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Portolá expedition
Point of San Francisco Bay Discovery The Portolá expedition was the first recorded Spanish (or any European) land entry and exploration of the present-day state of California, in 1769–1770, that led to the founding of Alta California.
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Rain shadow
A rain shadow is a dry area on the leeward side of a mountainous area (away from the wind).
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Ranchos of California
The Spanish and later Mexican governments encouraged settlement of the coastal region of Alta California (now known as California) by giving prominent men large land grants called ranchos, usually two or more square leagues, or.
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Region
In geography, regions are areas that are broadly divided by physical characteristics (physical geography), human impact characteristics (human geography), and the interaction of humanity and the environment (environmental geography).
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San Diego
San Diego (Spanish for 'Saint Didacus') is a major city in California, United States.
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San Francisco
San Francisco (initials SF;, Spanish for 'Saint Francis'), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California.
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San Francisco Bay Area
The San Francisco Bay Area (popularly referred to as the Bay Area) is a populous region surrounding the San Francisco, San Pablo and Suisun estuaries in the northern part of the U.S. state of California.
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San Jose, California
San Jose (Spanish for 'Saint Joseph'), officially the City of San José, is an economic, cultural, and political center of Silicon Valley and the largest city in Northern California.
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Sierra Nevada (U.S.)
The Sierra Nevada (snowy saw range) is a mountain range in the Western United States, between the Central Valley of California and the Great Basin.
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Siete Leyes
Las Siete Leyes (or Seven Laws were a series of constitutional changes that fundamentally altered the organizational structure of Mexico, ending the first federal period and creating a unitary republic, the Central Republic. Formalized under President Antonio López de Santa Anna on 15 December 1835, they were enacted in 1836. They were intended to centralize and strengthen the national government. The aim of the previous constitution was to create a political system that would emulate the success of the United States, but after a decade of political turmoil, economic stagnation, and threats and actual foreign invasion, conservatives concluded that a better path for Mexico was centralized power. The Siete Leyes were revised in 1843, making them more workable, but also placing power entirely in the hands of Santa Anna. In 1846, the 1824 Constitution was restored and the second federal period began.
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Spanish colonization of the Americas
The overseas expansion under the Crown of Castile was initiated under the royal authority and first accomplished by the Spanish conquistadors.
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Spanish Empire
The Spanish Empire (Imperio Español; Imperium Hispanicum), historically known as the Hispanic Monarchy (Monarquía Hispánica) and as the Catholic Monarchy (Monarquía Católica) was one of the largest empires in history.
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Spanish language
Spanish or Castilian, is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in Latin America and Spain.
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Spanish missions in Baja California
The Spanish missions in Baja California were a large number of religious outposts established by Catholic religious orders, the Jesuits, the Franciscans and the Dominicans, between 1683 and 1834 to spread the Christian doctrine among the Native Americans or Indians living on the Baja California peninsula.
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Spanish missions in California
The Spanish missions in California comprise a series of 21 religious outposts or missions established between 1769 and 1833 in today's U.S. State of California.
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Suppression of the Society of Jesus
The suppression of the Jesuits in the Portuguese Empire (1759), France (1764), the Two Sicilies, Malta, Parma, the Spanish Empire (1767) and Austria and Hungary (1782) is a complex topic.
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The Canadas
The Canadas is the collective name for Upper Canada and Lower Canada, two British historical colonies in present-day Canada.
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The Carolinas
The Carolinas are the U.S. states of North Carolina and South Carolina, considered collectively.
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The Dakotas
The Dakotas is a collective term for the U.S. states of North Dakota and South Dakota.
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The Floridas
The Floridas was a region of the southeastern United States comprising the historical colonies of East Florida and West Florida.
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The Virginias
The Virginias (sometimes also known as the two Virginias) is a region in the United States comprising the states of Virginia and West Virginia.
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Tijuana
Tijuana is the largest city in the Mexican state of Baja California and on the Baja California Peninsula, located at the center of the Tijuana and the international San Diego–Tijuana metropolitan areas.
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Transverse Ranges
The Transverse Ranges are a group of mountain ranges of southern California, in the Pacific Coast Ranges physiographic region in North America.
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Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo
The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo (Tratado de Guadalupe Hidalgo in Spanish), officially titled the Treaty of Peace, Friendship, Limits and Settlement between the United States of America and the Mexican Republic, is the peace treaty signed on February 2, 1848, in the Villa de Guadalupe Hidalgo (now a neighborhood of Mexico City) between the United States and Mexico that ended the Mexican–American War (1846–1848).
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U.S. state
A state is a constituent political entity of the United States.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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Utah
Utah is a state in the western United States.
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Wyoming
Wyoming is a state in the mountain region of the western United States.
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Redirects here:
California (province), Las Californias, Las Californias Province.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Californias
